"納粹" meaning in Chinese

See 納粹 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /nä⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡sʰu̯eɪ̯⁵¹/ [Mandarin, Sinological-IPA], /naːp̚² sɵy̯¹³/ [Cantonese, Guangzhou, Hong-Kong, Sinological-IPA], /naːp̚² sɵy̯³³/ [Cantonese, Guangzhou, Hong-Kong, Sinological-IPA], /naːp̚² sɵy̯²²/ [Cantonese, Guangzhou, Hong-Kong, Sinological-IPA], /lap̚⁴⁻³² t͡sʰui²¹/ [Hokkien, Xiamen], /lap̚²⁴⁻² t͡sʰui⁴¹/ [Hokkien, Quanzhou], /lap̚¹²¹⁻²¹ t͡sʰui²¹/ [Hokkien, Zhangzhou], /lap̚⁴⁻³² t͡sʰui¹¹/ [Hokkien, Taipei], /lap̚⁴⁻³² t͡sʰui²¹/ [Hokkien, Kaohsiung], /nä⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡sʰu̯eɪ̯⁵¹/, /naːp̚² sɵy̯¹³/, /naːp̚² sɵy̯³³/, /naːp̚² sɵy̯²²/, /lap̚⁴⁻³² t͡sʰui²¹/, /lap̚²⁴⁻² t͡sʰui⁴¹/, /lap̚¹²¹⁻²¹ t͡sʰui²¹/, /lap̚⁴⁻³² t͡sʰui¹¹/, /lap̚⁴⁻³² t͡sʰui²¹/ Chinese transliterations: nàcuì [Mandarin, Pinyin], ㄋㄚˋ ㄘㄨㄟˋ [Mandarin, bopomofo], naap⁶ seoi⁵ [Cantonese, Jyutping], naap⁶ seoi³ [Cantonese, Jyutping], naap⁶ seoi⁶ [Cantonese, Jyutping], la̍p-chhùi, nàcuì [Hanyu-Pinyin, Mandarin], nàcuèi [Mandarin, Tongyong-Pinyin], na⁴-tsʻui⁴ [Mandarin, Wade-Giles], nà-tswèi [Mandarin, Yale], nahtsuey [Gwoyeu-Romatsyh, Mandarin], нацуй [Mandarin, Palladius], nacuj [Mandarin, Palladius], naap⁶ seoi⁵ [Cantonese, Guangzhou, Hong-Kong, Jyutping], naap⁶ seoi³ [Cantonese, Guangzhou, Hong-Kong, Jyutping], naap⁶ seoi⁶ [Cantonese, Guangzhou, Hong-Kong, Jyutping], naahp séuih [Cantonese, Guangzhou, Hong-Kong, Yale], naahp seui [Cantonese, Guangzhou, Hong-Kong, Yale], naahp seuih [Cantonese, Guangzhou, Hong-Kong, Yale], naap⁹ soey⁵ [Cantonese, Guangzhou, Hong-Kong, Pinyin], naap⁹ soey³ [Cantonese, Guangzhou, Hong-Kong, Pinyin], naap⁹ soey⁶ [Cantonese, Guangzhou, Hong-Kong, Pinyin], nab⁶ sêu⁵ [Cantonese, Guangdong-Romanization, Guangzhou, Hong-Kong], nab⁶ sêu³ [Cantonese, Guangdong-Romanization, Guangzhou, Hong-Kong], nab⁶ sêu⁶ [Cantonese, Guangdong-Romanization, Guangzhou, Hong-Kong], la̍p-chhùi [Hokkien, POJ], la̍p-tshuì [Hokkien, Tai-lo], labzhuix [Hokkien, Phofsit-Daibuun] Forms: 纳粹
Etymology: Phono-semantic matching of German Nazi. Etymology templates: {{psm|zh|de|Nazi}} Phono-semantic matching of German Nazi Head templates: {{head|zh|noun}} 納粹
  1. Nazi Categories (topical): Nazism, People Derived forms: 新納粹 (xīnnàcuì), 新纳粹 (xīnnàcuì), 納粹主義 (nàcuìzhǔyì), 纳粹主义 (nàcuìzhǔyì), 納粹德國 (Nàcuì Déguó), 纳粹德国 (Nàcuì Déguó)
    Sense id: en-納粹-zh-noun-~RRjzVPh Categories (other): Chinese entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "de",
        "3": "Nazi"
      },
      "expansion": "Phono-semantic matching of German Nazi",
      "name": "psm"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Phono-semantic matching of German Nazi.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "纳粹",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "納粹",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "zh",
          "name": "Nazism",
          "orig": "zh:Nazism",
          "parents": [
            "Fascism",
            "Ideologies",
            "White supremacist ideology",
            "Politics",
            "Society",
            "Anti-Semitism",
            "Racism",
            "All topics",
            "Forms of discrimination",
            "Fundamental",
            "Discrimination"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "zh",
          "name": "People",
          "orig": "zh:People",
          "parents": [
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "roman": "xīnnàcuì",
          "word": "新納粹"
        },
        {
          "roman": "xīnnàcuì",
          "word": "新纳粹"
        },
        {
          "roman": "nàcuìzhǔyì",
          "word": "納粹主義"
        },
        {
          "roman": "nàcuìzhǔyì",
          "word": "纳粹主义"
        },
        {
          "roman": "Nàcuì Déguó",
          "word": "納粹德國"
        },
        {
          "roman": "Nàcuì Déguó",
          "word": "纳粹德国"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Nazi"
      ],
      "id": "en-納粹-zh-noun-~RRjzVPh",
      "links": [
        [
          "Nazi",
          "Nazi"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "nàcuì"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄋㄚˋ ㄘㄨㄟˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "naap⁶ seoi⁵"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "naap⁶ seoi³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "naap⁶ seoi⁶"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "la̍p-chhùi"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "nàcuì"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "nàcuèi"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "na⁴-tsʻui⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "nà-tswèi"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "nahtsuey"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "нацуй"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "nacuj"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/nä⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡sʰu̯eɪ̯⁵¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "naap⁶ seoi⁵"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "naap⁶ seoi³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "naap⁶ seoi⁶"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "naahp séuih"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "naahp seui"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "naahp seuih"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "naap⁹ soey⁵"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "naap⁹ soey³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "naap⁹ soey⁶"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "nab⁶ sêu⁵"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "nab⁶ sêu³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "nab⁶ sêu⁶"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/naːp̚² sɵy̯¹³/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/naːp̚² sɵy̯³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/naːp̚² sɵy̯²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "la̍p-chhùi"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "la̍p-tshuì"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "labzhuix"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lap̚⁴⁻³² t͡sʰui²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lap̚²⁴⁻² t͡sʰui⁴¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lap̚¹²¹⁻²¹ t͡sʰui²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lap̚⁴⁻³² t͡sʰui¹¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lap̚⁴⁻³² t͡sʰui²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "other": "/ naap⁶ seoi³ /"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/nä⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡sʰu̯eɪ̯⁵¹/"
    },
    {
      "other": "/ naap⁹ soey³ /"
    },
    {
      "other": "/ nab⁶ sêu³ /"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/naːp̚² sɵy̯¹³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/naːp̚² sɵy̯³³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/naːp̚² sɵy̯²²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lap̚⁴⁻³² t͡sʰui²¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lap̚²⁴⁻² t͡sʰui⁴¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lap̚¹²¹⁻²¹ t͡sʰui²¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lap̚⁴⁻³² t͡sʰui¹¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lap̚⁴⁻³² t͡sʰui²¹/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "納粹"
}
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "roman": "xīnnàcuì",
      "word": "新納粹"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xīnnàcuì",
      "word": "新纳粹"
    },
    {
      "roman": "nàcuìzhǔyì",
      "word": "納粹主義"
    },
    {
      "roman": "nàcuìzhǔyì",
      "word": "纳粹主义"
    },
    {
      "roman": "Nàcuì Déguó",
      "word": "納粹德國"
    },
    {
      "roman": "Nàcuì Déguó",
      "word": "纳粹德国"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "de",
        "3": "Nazi"
      },
      "expansion": "Phono-semantic matching of German Nazi",
      "name": "psm"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Phono-semantic matching of German Nazi.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "纳粹",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "納粹",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Cantonese lemmas",
        "Cantonese nouns",
        "Cantonese terms with homophones",
        "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
        "Chinese lemmas",
        "Chinese nouns",
        "Chinese phono-semantic matchings from German",
        "Chinese terms derived from German",
        "Chinese terms spelled with 粹",
        "Chinese terms spelled with 納",
        "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Hokkien lemmas",
        "Hokkien nouns",
        "Mandarin lemmas",
        "Mandarin nouns",
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries",
        "zh:Nazism",
        "zh:People"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Nazi"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Nazi",
          "Nazi"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "nàcuì"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄋㄚˋ ㄘㄨㄟˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "naap⁶ seoi⁵"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "naap⁶ seoi³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "naap⁶ seoi⁶"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "la̍p-chhùi"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "nàcuì"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "nàcuèi"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "na⁴-tsʻui⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "nà-tswèi"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "nahtsuey"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "нацуй"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "nacuj"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/nä⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡sʰu̯eɪ̯⁵¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "naap⁶ seoi⁵"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "naap⁶ seoi³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "naap⁶ seoi⁶"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "naahp séuih"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "naahp seui"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "naahp seuih"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "naap⁹ soey⁵"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "naap⁹ soey³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "naap⁹ soey⁶"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "nab⁶ sêu⁵"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "nab⁶ sêu³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "nab⁶ sêu⁶"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/naːp̚² sɵy̯¹³/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/naːp̚² sɵy̯³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/naːp̚² sɵy̯²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "la̍p-chhùi"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "la̍p-tshuì"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "labzhuix"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lap̚⁴⁻³² t͡sʰui²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lap̚²⁴⁻² t͡sʰui⁴¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lap̚¹²¹⁻²¹ t͡sʰui²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lap̚⁴⁻³² t͡sʰui¹¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lap̚⁴⁻³² t͡sʰui²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "other": "/ naap⁶ seoi³ /"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/nä⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡sʰu̯eɪ̯⁵¹/"
    },
    {
      "other": "/ naap⁹ soey³ /"
    },
    {
      "other": "/ nab⁶ sêu³ /"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/naːp̚² sɵy̯¹³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/naːp̚² sɵy̯³³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/naːp̚² sɵy̯²²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lap̚⁴⁻³² t͡sʰui²¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lap̚²⁴⁻² t͡sʰui⁴¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lap̚¹²¹⁻²¹ t͡sʰui²¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lap̚⁴⁻³² t͡sʰui¹¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lap̚⁴⁻³² t͡sʰui²¹/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "納粹"
}

Download raw JSONL data for 納粹 meaning in Chinese (4.6kB)

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese)⁺'",
  "path": [
    "納粹"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "納粹",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ)'",
  "path": [
    "納粹"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "納粹",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min'",
  "path": [
    "納粹"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "納粹",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Chinese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.