See 石化 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"anagrams": [
{
"word": "化石"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "石化",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "shíyóu huàxué gōngyè, “the petrochemical industry”",
"word": "石油化學工業"
},
{
"extra": "shíyóu huàxué gōngyè, “the petrochemical industry”",
"word": "石油化学工业"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "90 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "92 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "94 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"short for 石油化學工業／石油化学工业 (shíyóu huàxué gōngyè, “the petrochemical industry”)"
],
"id": "en-石化-zh-noun-V2X6DpKb",
"links": [
[
"石油",
"石油"
],
[
"化學工業",
"化學工業"
],
[
"化学工业",
"化学工业"
],
[
"petrochemical",
"petrochemical"
],
[
"industry",
"industry"
]
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "shíhuà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄕˊ ㄏㄨㄚˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "sek⁶ faa³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "chio̍h-hòa"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "shíhuà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄕˊ ㄏㄨㄚˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "shíhhuà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh_pron": "shih²-hua⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "shŕ-hwà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
],
"zh_pron": "shyrhuah"
},
{
"roman": "šixua",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Palladius"
],
"zh_pron": "шихуа"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʂʐ̩³⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"homophone": "實話",
"raw_tags": [
"Homophones"
],
"tags": [
"Traditional-Chinese",
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese"
]
},
{
"homophone": "实话",
"raw_tags": [
"Homophones"
],
"tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese",
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese"
]
},
{
"homophone": "石化",
"raw_tags": [
"Homophones"
],
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "sek⁶ faa³"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "sehk fa"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "sek⁹ faa³"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh_pron": "ség⁶ fa³"
},
{
"ipa": "/sɛːk̚² faː³³/",
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "chio̍h-hòa"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh_pron": "tsio̍h-huà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh_pron": "cioiqhoax"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sio(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ hua²¹/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"IPA",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sio(ʔ)²⁴⁻² hua⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"IPA",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sio(ʔ)¹²¹⁻²¹ hua²¹/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"IPA",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sio(ʔ)⁴⁻¹¹ hua¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"IPA",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siɤ(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ hua²¹/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"IPA",
"Kaohsiung"
]
}
],
"word": "石化"
}
{
"anagrams": [
{
"word": "化石"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "石化",
"name": "zh-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to petrify"
],
"id": "en-石化-zh-verb-teKmZMPX",
"links": [
[
"petrify",
"petrify"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "shíhuà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄕˊ ㄏㄨㄚˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "sek⁶ faa³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "chio̍h-hòa"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "shíhuà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄕˊ ㄏㄨㄚˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "shíhhuà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh_pron": "shih²-hua⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "shŕ-hwà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
],
"zh_pron": "shyrhuah"
},
{
"roman": "šixua",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Palladius"
],
"zh_pron": "шихуа"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʂʐ̩³⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"homophone": "實話",
"raw_tags": [
"Homophones"
],
"tags": [
"Traditional-Chinese",
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese"
]
},
{
"homophone": "实话",
"raw_tags": [
"Homophones"
],
"tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese",
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese"
]
},
{
"homophone": "石化",
"raw_tags": [
"Homophones"
],
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "sek⁶ faa³"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "sehk fa"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "sek⁹ faa³"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh_pron": "ség⁶ fa³"
},
{
"ipa": "/sɛːk̚² faː³³/",
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "chio̍h-hòa"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh_pron": "tsio̍h-huà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh_pron": "cioiqhoax"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sio(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ hua²¹/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"IPA",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sio(ʔ)²⁴⁻² hua⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"IPA",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sio(ʔ)¹²¹⁻²¹ hua²¹/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"IPA",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sio(ʔ)⁴⁻¹¹ hua¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"IPA",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siɤ(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ hua²¹/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"IPA",
"Kaohsiung"
]
}
],
"word": "石化"
}
{
"anagrams": [
{
"word": "化石"
}
],
"categories": [
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese nouns",
"Chinese terms spelled with 化",
"Chinese terms spelled with 石",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Chinese verbs",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "石化",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "shíyóu huàxué gōngyè, “the petrochemical industry”",
"word": "石油化學工業"
},
{
"extra": "shíyóu huàxué gōngyè, “the petrochemical industry”",
"word": "石油化学工业"
}
],
"categories": [
"Chinese short forms"
],
"glosses": [
"short for 石油化學工業／石油化学工业 (shíyóu huàxué gōngyè, “the petrochemical industry”)"
],
"links": [
[
"石油",
"石油"
],
[
"化學工業",
"化學工業"
],
[
"化学工业",
"化学工业"
],
[
"petrochemical",
"petrochemical"
],
[
"industry",
"industry"
]
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "shíhuà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄕˊ ㄏㄨㄚˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "sek⁶ faa³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "chio̍h-hòa"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "shíhuà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄕˊ ㄏㄨㄚˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "shíhhuà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh_pron": "shih²-hua⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "shŕ-hwà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
],
"zh_pron": "shyrhuah"
},
{
"roman": "šixua",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Palladius"
],
"zh_pron": "шихуа"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʂʐ̩³⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"homophone": "實話",
"raw_tags": [
"Homophones"
],
"tags": [
"Traditional-Chinese",
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese"
]
},
{
"homophone": "实话",
"raw_tags": [
"Homophones"
],
"tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese",
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese"
]
},
{
"homophone": "石化",
"raw_tags": [
"Homophones"
],
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "sek⁶ faa³"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "sehk fa"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "sek⁹ faa³"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh_pron": "ség⁶ fa³"
},
{
"ipa": "/sɛːk̚² faː³³/",
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "chio̍h-hòa"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh_pron": "tsio̍h-huà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh_pron": "cioiqhoax"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sio(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ hua²¹/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"IPA",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sio(ʔ)²⁴⁻² hua⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"IPA",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sio(ʔ)¹²¹⁻²¹ hua²¹/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"IPA",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sio(ʔ)⁴⁻¹¹ hua¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"IPA",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siɤ(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ hua²¹/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"IPA",
"Kaohsiung"
]
}
],
"word": "石化"
}
{
"anagrams": [
{
"word": "化石"
}
],
"categories": [
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese nouns",
"Chinese terms spelled with 化",
"Chinese terms spelled with 石",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Chinese verbs",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "石化",
"name": "zh-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to petrify"
],
"links": [
[
"petrify",
"petrify"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "shíhuà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄕˊ ㄏㄨㄚˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "sek⁶ faa³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "chio̍h-hòa"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "shíhuà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄕˊ ㄏㄨㄚˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "shíhhuà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh_pron": "shih²-hua⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "shŕ-hwà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
],
"zh_pron": "shyrhuah"
},
{
"roman": "šixua",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Palladius"
],
"zh_pron": "шихуа"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʂʐ̩³⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"homophone": "實話",
"raw_tags": [
"Homophones"
],
"tags": [
"Traditional-Chinese",
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese"
]
},
{
"homophone": "实话",
"raw_tags": [
"Homophones"
],
"tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese",
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese"
]
},
{
"homophone": "石化",
"raw_tags": [
"Homophones"
],
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "sek⁶ faa³"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "sehk fa"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "sek⁹ faa³"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh_pron": "ség⁶ fa³"
},
{
"ipa": "/sɛːk̚² faː³³/",
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "chio̍h-hòa"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh_pron": "tsio̍h-huà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh_pron": "cioiqhoax"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sio(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ hua²¹/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"IPA",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sio(ʔ)²⁴⁻² hua⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"IPA",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sio(ʔ)¹²¹⁻²¹ hua²¹/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"IPA",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sio(ʔ)⁴⁻¹¹ hua¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"IPA",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siɤ(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ hua²¹/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"IPA",
"Kaohsiung"
]
}
],
"word": "石化"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 石化 meaning in Chinese (6.7kB)
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <sup> not properly closed",
"path": [
"石化"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "石化",
"trace": "started on line 19, detected on line 19"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </sup>",
"path": [
"石化"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "石化",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Chinese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-09-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-08-23 using wiktextract (20da82b and a97feda). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.