See 版權 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 0,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "版權"
},
"expansion": "版權",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Japanese:",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "版権",
"2": "はんけん",
"gloss": ""
},
"expansion": "版権(はんけん) (hanken)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "판권(版權)",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"bor": "1",
"t": "",
"t2": "",
"t3": "",
"t4": ""
},
"expansion": "→ Korean: 판권(版權) (pan'gwon)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "bản quyền",
"bor": "1",
"t": "",
"tr": "版權"
},
"expansion": "→ Vietnamese: bản quyền (版權)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "版權",
"2": "はんけん",
"3": "판권",
"4": "bản quyền",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"h": "版權",
"j2": "",
"j2t": "",
"j3": "",
"j3t": "",
"j4": "",
"j4t": "",
"jdesc": "",
"jje2": "",
"jje2t": "",
"jje3": "",
"jje3t": "",
"jje4": "",
"jje4t": "",
"jjedesc": "",
"jjet": "",
"jt": "",
"k2": "",
"k2t": "",
"k3": "",
"k3t": "",
"k4": "",
"k4t": "",
"kdesc": "",
"kt": "",
"o": "版權",
"o2": "",
"o2t": "",
"o3": "",
"o3t": "",
"o4": "",
"o4t": "",
"odesc": "",
"ot": "",
"s": "版権",
"v": "版權",
"v2": "",
"v2t": "",
"v3": "",
"v3t": "",
"v4": "",
"v4t": "",
"vdesc": "",
"vt": ""
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (版權):\n* → Japanese: 版権(はんけん) (hanken)\n* → Korean: 판권(版權) (pan'gwon)\n* → Vietnamese: bản quyền (版權)",
"name": "CJKV/code"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "版權",
"2": "はんけん",
"3": "판권",
"4": "bản quyền",
"s": "版権"
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (版權):\n* → Japanese: 版権(はんけん) (hanken)\n* → Korean: 판권(版權) (pan'gwon)\n* → Vietnamese: bản quyền (版權)",
"name": "CJKV"
}
],
"text": "Sino-Xenic (版權):\n* → Japanese: 版権(はんけん) (hanken)\n* → Korean: 판권(版權) (pan'gwon)\n* → Vietnamese: bản quyền (版權)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "za",
"2": "banjgienz",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Zhuang: banjgienz",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Zhuang: banjgienz"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "版权",
"raw_tags": [
"Simplified Chinese"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "版權",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Business",
"orig": "zh:Business",
"parents": [
"Economics",
"Society",
"Social sciences",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Copyright",
"orig": "zh:Copyright",
"parents": [
"Intellectual property",
"Law",
"Justice",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Law",
"orig": "zh:Law",
"parents": [
"Justice",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "bǎnquán suǒyǒu",
"word": "版權所有"
},
{
"roman": "bǎnquán suǒyǒu",
"word": "版权所有"
},
{
"roman": "bǎnquánfǎ",
"word": "版權法"
},
{
"roman": "bǎnquánfǎ",
"word": "版权法"
},
{
"roman": "bǎnquányè",
"word": "版權頁"
},
{
"roman": "bǎnquányè",
"word": "版权页"
}
],
"glosses": [
"copyright"
],
"id": "en-版權-zh-noun-wvyiqjqX",
"links": [
[
"copyright",
"copyright"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "zhùzuòquán",
"word": "著作權／著作权"
},
{
"roman": "zhùzuòquán",
"word": "著作權"
},
{
"roman": "zhùzuòquán",
"word": "著作权"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "bǎnquán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄅㄢˇ ㄑㄩㄢˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "baan² kyun⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "pán-khièn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "pán-khiàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "pán-koân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "pán-khoân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "bang² kuang⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "bǎnquán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "bǎncyuán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "pan³-chʻüan²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "bǎn-chywán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "baanchyuan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "баньцюань"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "banʹcjuanʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/pän²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "báan kyùhn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "baan² kyn⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "ban² kün⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/paːn³⁵ kʰyːn²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "pán-khièn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ban^ˋ kien^ˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ban³ kian²"
},
{
"ipa": "/pan³¹ kʰi̯en¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
],
"zh-pron": "pán-khiàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
],
"zh-pron": "ban^ˋ kian^ˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
],
"zh-pron": "ban³ kian²"
},
{
"ipa": "/pan³¹ kʰi̯an¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "pán-kuân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "pafnkoaan"
},
{
"ipa": "/pan⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kuan¹³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pan⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kuan²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pan⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kuan²³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pan⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kuan²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "pán-khuân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "pafnqoaan"
},
{
"ipa": "/pan⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kʰuan²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pan⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kʰuan²³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "páng khuâng"
},
{
"ipa": "/paŋ⁵²⁻³⁵ kʰuaŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pän²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/paːn³⁵ kʰyːn²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/pan³¹ kʰi̯en¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/pan³¹ kʰi̯an¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/pan⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kuan¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/pan⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kuan²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/pan⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kuan²³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/pan⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kuan²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/pan⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kʰuan²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/pan⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kʰuan²³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/paŋ⁵²⁻³⁵ kʰuaŋ⁵⁵/"
}
],
"word": "版權"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"roman": "bǎnquán suǒyǒu",
"word": "版權所有"
},
{
"roman": "bǎnquán suǒyǒu",
"word": "版权所有"
},
{
"roman": "bǎnquánfǎ",
"word": "版權法"
},
{
"roman": "bǎnquánfǎ",
"word": "版权法"
},
{
"roman": "bǎnquányè",
"word": "版權頁"
},
{
"roman": "bǎnquányè",
"word": "版权页"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 0,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "版權"
},
"expansion": "版權",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Japanese:",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "版権",
"2": "はんけん",
"gloss": ""
},
"expansion": "版権(はんけん) (hanken)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "판권(版權)",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"bor": "1",
"t": "",
"t2": "",
"t3": "",
"t4": ""
},
"expansion": "→ Korean: 판권(版權) (pan'gwon)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "bản quyền",
"bor": "1",
"t": "",
"tr": "版權"
},
"expansion": "→ Vietnamese: bản quyền (版權)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "版權",
"2": "はんけん",
"3": "판권",
"4": "bản quyền",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"h": "版權",
"j2": "",
"j2t": "",
"j3": "",
"j3t": "",
"j4": "",
"j4t": "",
"jdesc": "",
"jje2": "",
"jje2t": "",
"jje3": "",
"jje3t": "",
"jje4": "",
"jje4t": "",
"jjedesc": "",
"jjet": "",
"jt": "",
"k2": "",
"k2t": "",
"k3": "",
"k3t": "",
"k4": "",
"k4t": "",
"kdesc": "",
"kt": "",
"o": "版權",
"o2": "",
"o2t": "",
"o3": "",
"o3t": "",
"o4": "",
"o4t": "",
"odesc": "",
"ot": "",
"s": "版権",
"v": "版權",
"v2": "",
"v2t": "",
"v3": "",
"v3t": "",
"v4": "",
"v4t": "",
"vdesc": "",
"vt": ""
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (版權):\n* → Japanese: 版権(はんけん) (hanken)\n* → Korean: 판권(版權) (pan'gwon)\n* → Vietnamese: bản quyền (版權)",
"name": "CJKV/code"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "版權",
"2": "はんけん",
"3": "판권",
"4": "bản quyền",
"s": "版権"
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (版權):\n* → Japanese: 版権(はんけん) (hanken)\n* → Korean: 판권(版權) (pan'gwon)\n* → Vietnamese: bản quyền (版權)",
"name": "CJKV"
}
],
"text": "Sino-Xenic (版權):\n* → Japanese: 版権(はんけん) (hanken)\n* → Korean: 판권(版權) (pan'gwon)\n* → Vietnamese: bản quyền (版權)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "za",
"2": "banjgienz",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Zhuang: banjgienz",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Zhuang: banjgienz"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "版权",
"raw_tags": [
"Simplified Chinese"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "版權",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Cantonese lemmas",
"Cantonese nouns",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese nouns",
"Chinese terms spelled with 權",
"Chinese terms spelled with 版",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Hakka lemmas",
"Hakka nouns",
"Hokkien lemmas",
"Hokkien nouns",
"Mandarin lemmas",
"Mandarin nouns",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Teochew lemmas",
"Teochew nouns",
"zh:Business",
"zh:Copyright",
"zh:Law"
],
"glosses": [
"copyright"
],
"links": [
[
"copyright",
"copyright"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "bǎnquán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄅㄢˇ ㄑㄩㄢˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "baan² kyun⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "pán-khièn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "pán-khiàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "pán-koân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "pán-khoân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "bang² kuang⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "bǎnquán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "bǎncyuán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "pan³-chʻüan²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "bǎn-chywán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "baanchyuan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "баньцюань"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "banʹcjuanʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/pän²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "báan kyùhn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "baan² kyn⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "ban² kün⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/paːn³⁵ kʰyːn²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "pán-khièn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ban^ˋ kien^ˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ban³ kian²"
},
{
"ipa": "/pan³¹ kʰi̯en¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
],
"zh-pron": "pán-khiàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
],
"zh-pron": "ban^ˋ kian^ˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
],
"zh-pron": "ban³ kian²"
},
{
"ipa": "/pan³¹ kʰi̯an¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "pán-kuân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "pafnkoaan"
},
{
"ipa": "/pan⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kuan¹³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pan⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kuan²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pan⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kuan²³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pan⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kuan²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "pán-khuân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "pafnqoaan"
},
{
"ipa": "/pan⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kʰuan²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pan⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kʰuan²³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "páng khuâng"
},
{
"ipa": "/paŋ⁵²⁻³⁵ kʰuaŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pän²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/paːn³⁵ kʰyːn²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/pan³¹ kʰi̯en¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/pan³¹ kʰi̯an¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/pan⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kuan¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/pan⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kuan²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/pan⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kuan²³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/pan⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kuan²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/pan⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kʰuan²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/pan⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kʰuan²³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/paŋ⁵²⁻³⁵ kʰuaŋ⁵⁵/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "zhùzuòquán",
"word": "著作權／著作权"
},
{
"roman": "zhùzuòquán",
"word": "著作權"
},
{
"roman": "zhùzuòquán",
"word": "著作权"
}
],
"word": "版權"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 版權 meaning in Chinese (6.7kB)
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese)⁺'",
"path": [
"版權"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "版權",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min'",
"path": [
"版權"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "版權",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
"path": [
"版權"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "版權",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Chinese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.