"灩" meaning in Chinese

See in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Character

IPA: /jɛn⁵¹/ [Mandarin, Sinological-IPA, standard], /jiːm²²/ [Cantonese, Guangzhou, Hong-Kong, Sinological-IPA], /iam²²/ [Hokkien, Min-Nan, Xiamen], /iam⁴¹/ [Hokkien, Min-Nan, Quanzhou], /iam²²/ [Hokkien, Min-Nan, Zhangzhou], /iam³³/ [Hokkien, Min-Nan, Taipei], /iam³³/ [Hokkien, Kaohsiung, Min-Nan], /jɛn⁵¹/, /jiːm²²/, /iam²²/, /iam⁴¹/, /iam²²/, /iam³³/, /iam³³/ Chinese transliterations: yàn [Mandarin, Pinyin], yan⁴ [Mandarin, Pinyin], ㄧㄢˋ [Mandarin, bopomofo], jim⁶ [Cantonese, Jyutping], iām, yàn [Hanyu-Pinyin, Mandarin, standard], ㄧㄢˋ [Mandarin, bopomofo, standard], yàn [Mandarin, Tongyong-Pinyin, standard], yen⁴ [Mandarin, Wade-Giles, standard], yàn [Mandarin, Yale, standard], yann [Gwoyeu-Romatsyh, Mandarin, standard], янь [Mandarin, Palladius, standard], janʹ [Mandarin, Palladius, standard], jim⁶ [Cantonese, Guangzhou, Hong-Kong, Jyutping], yihm [Cantonese, Guangzhou, Hong-Kong, Yale], jim⁶ [Cantonese, Guangzhou, Hong-Kong, Pinyin], yim⁶ [Cantonese, Guangdong-Romanization, Guangzhou, Hong-Kong], iām [Hokkien, Min-Nan, POJ], iām [Hokkien, Min-Nan, Tai-lo], iam [Hokkien, Min-Nan, Phofsit-Daibuun], yemH [Middle-Chinese], /*lams/ [Old-Chinese, Zhengzhang] Forms: , , , 𤅿,
Etymology: Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *lams): semantic 氵 + phonetic 豔 (OC *lams). Etymology templates: {{categorize|zh|Han phono-semantic compounds}}, {{liushu|psc|adj=|nocap=|pron=OC *lams}} Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *lams), {{Han compound|水|豔|alt1=氵|c1=s|c2=p|ls=psc}} Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *lams): semantic 氵 + phonetic 豔 (OC *lams) Head templates: {{head|zh|hanzi}} 灩
  1. (of water) overflowing; billowing
    Sense id: en-灩-zh-character-XdUj0ASB Categories (other): Chinese hanzi, Chinese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations, Middle Chinese hanzi, Old Chinese hanzi, Pages with 5 entries, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Chinese hanzi: 31 31 38 Disambiguation of Chinese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations: 54 17 29 Disambiguation of Middle Chinese hanzi: 34 30 36 Disambiguation of Old Chinese hanzi: 34 30 36 Disambiguation of Pages with 5 entries: 42 42 16 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 42 42 16
  2. (of water) shining; shimmering
    Sense id: en-灩-zh-character-fUKEx2RA Categories (other): Chinese hanzi, Middle Chinese hanzi, Old Chinese hanzi, Pages with 5 entries, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Chinese hanzi: 31 31 38 Disambiguation of Middle Chinese hanzi: 34 30 36 Disambiguation of Old Chinese hanzi: 34 30 36 Disambiguation of Pages with 5 entries: 42 42 16 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 42 42 16
  3. wavy
    Sense id: en-灩-zh-character-OYqILBTk Categories (other): Chinese entries with incorrect language header, Chinese hanzi, Middle Chinese hanzi, Old Chinese hanzi, Pages with 5 entries, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Chinese entries with incorrect language header: 23 28 49 Disambiguation of Chinese hanzi: 31 31 38 Disambiguation of Middle Chinese hanzi: 34 30 36 Disambiguation of Old Chinese hanzi: 34 30 36 Disambiguation of Pages with 5 entries: 42 42 16 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 42 42 16
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: 水光瀲灩, 水光潋滟, 波光瀲灩, 波光潋滟, 澹灎, 瀲灩 (liànyàn), 潋滟 (liànyàn), 灩澦堆 (Yànyùduī), 滟滪堆 (Yànyùduī), 灩灩, 滟滟, 颭灩, 飐滟
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "水光瀲灩"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "水光潋滟"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "波光瀲灩"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "波光潋滟"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "澹灎"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "liànyàn",
      "word": "瀲灩"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "liànyàn",
      "word": "潋滟"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "Yànyùduī",
      "word": "灩澦堆"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "Yànyùduī",
      "word": "滟滪堆"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "灩灩"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "滟滟"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "颭灩"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "飐滟"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "Han phono-semantic compounds"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "categorize"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "psc",
        "adj": "",
        "nocap": "",
        "pron": "OC *lams"
      },
      "expansion": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *lams)",
      "name": "liushu"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "水",
        "2": "豔",
        "alt1": "氵",
        "c1": "s",
        "c2": "p",
        "ls": "psc"
      },
      "expansion": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *lams): semantic 氵 + phonetic 豔 (OC *lams)",
      "name": "Han compound"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *lams): semantic 氵 + phonetic 豔 (OC *lams).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "滟",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "灧",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Traditional Chinese"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "灔"
    },
    {
      "form": "𤅿"
    },
    {
      "form": "灎",
      "raw_tags": [
        "ancient"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "hanzi"
      },
      "expansion": "灩",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "character",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "31 31 38",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chinese hanzi",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "54 17 29",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chinese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "34 30 36",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle Chinese hanzi",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "34 30 36",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Chinese hanzi",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "42 42 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 5 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "42 42 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "overflowing; billowing"
      ],
      "id": "en-灩-zh-character-XdUj0ASB",
      "links": [
        [
          "overflow",
          "overflow"
        ],
        [
          "billow",
          "billow"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(of water) overflowing; billowing"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of water"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "31 31 38",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chinese hanzi",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "34 30 36",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle Chinese hanzi",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "34 30 36",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Chinese hanzi",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "42 42 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 5 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "42 42 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "shining; shimmering"
      ],
      "id": "en-灩-zh-character-fUKEx2RA",
      "links": [
        [
          "shining",
          "shining"
        ],
        [
          "shimmering",
          "shimmering"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(of water) shining; shimmering"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of water"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "23 28 49",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "31 31 38",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chinese hanzi",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "34 30 36",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle Chinese hanzi",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "34 30 36",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Chinese hanzi",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "42 42 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 5 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "42 42 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "wavy"
      ],
      "id": "en-灩-zh-character-OYqILBTk",
      "links": [
        [
          "wavy",
          "wavy"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "yàn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "yan⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄧㄢˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jim⁶"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "iām"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "yàn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄧㄢˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "yàn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "yen⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "yàn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "yann"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "янь"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "janʹ"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/jɛn⁵¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "standard"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jim⁶"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "yihm"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jim⁶"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "yim⁶"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/jiːm²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Min-Nan",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "iām"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Min-Nan",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "iām"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Min-Nan",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "iam"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/iam²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Min-Nan",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/iam⁴¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Min-Nan",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/iam²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Min-Nan",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/iam³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Min-Nan",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/iam³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung",
        "Min-Nan"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Middle-Chinese"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "yemH"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Old-Chinese",
        "Zhengzhang"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/*lams/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/jɛn⁵¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/jiːm²²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/iam²²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/iam⁴¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/iam²²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/iam³³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/iam³³/"
    },
    {
      "other": "/*lams/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "灩"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Chinese adjectives",
    "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Chinese hanzi",
    "Chinese lemmas",
    "Chinese terms spelled with 灩",
    "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Chinese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
    "Chinese verbs",
    "Middle Chinese adjectives",
    "Middle Chinese hanzi",
    "Middle Chinese lemmas",
    "Middle Chinese verbs",
    "Old Chinese adjectives",
    "Old Chinese hanzi",
    "Old Chinese lemmas",
    "Old Chinese verbs",
    "Pages with 5 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "水光瀲灩"
    },
    {
      "word": "水光潋滟"
    },
    {
      "word": "波光瀲灩"
    },
    {
      "word": "波光潋滟"
    },
    {
      "word": "澹灎"
    },
    {
      "roman": "liànyàn",
      "word": "瀲灩"
    },
    {
      "roman": "liànyàn",
      "word": "潋滟"
    },
    {
      "roman": "Yànyùduī",
      "word": "灩澦堆"
    },
    {
      "roman": "Yànyùduī",
      "word": "滟滪堆"
    },
    {
      "word": "灩灩"
    },
    {
      "word": "滟滟"
    },
    {
      "word": "颭灩"
    },
    {
      "word": "飐滟"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "Han phono-semantic compounds"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "categorize"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "psc",
        "adj": "",
        "nocap": "",
        "pron": "OC *lams"
      },
      "expansion": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *lams)",
      "name": "liushu"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "水",
        "2": "豔",
        "alt1": "氵",
        "c1": "s",
        "c2": "p",
        "ls": "psc"
      },
      "expansion": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *lams): semantic 氵 + phonetic 豔 (OC *lams)",
      "name": "Han compound"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *lams): semantic 氵 + phonetic 豔 (OC *lams).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "滟",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "灧",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Traditional Chinese"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "灔"
    },
    {
      "form": "𤅿"
    },
    {
      "form": "灎",
      "raw_tags": [
        "ancient"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "hanzi"
      },
      "expansion": "灩",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "character",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "overflowing; billowing"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "overflow",
          "overflow"
        ],
        [
          "billow",
          "billow"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(of water) overflowing; billowing"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of water"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "shining; shimmering"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "shining",
          "shining"
        ],
        [
          "shimmering",
          "shimmering"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(of water) shining; shimmering"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of water"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "wavy"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "wavy",
          "wavy"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "yàn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "yan⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄧㄢˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jim⁶"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "iām"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "yàn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄧㄢˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "yàn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "yen⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "yàn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "yann"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "янь"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "janʹ"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/jɛn⁵¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "standard"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jim⁶"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "yihm"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jim⁶"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "yim⁶"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/jiːm²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Min-Nan",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "iām"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Min-Nan",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "iām"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Min-Nan",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "iam"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/iam²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Min-Nan",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/iam⁴¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Min-Nan",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/iam²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Min-Nan",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/iam³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Min-Nan",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/iam³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung",
        "Min-Nan"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Middle-Chinese"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "yemH"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Old-Chinese",
        "Zhengzhang"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/*lams/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/jɛn⁵¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/jiːm²²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/iam²²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/iam⁴¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/iam²²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/iam³³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/iam³³/"
    },
    {
      "other": "/*lams/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "灩"
}

Download raw JSONL data for 灩 meaning in Chinese (4.3kB)

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ)'",
  "path": [
    "灩"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "灩",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Chinese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-13 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (9c82c1c and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.