See 汗 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for 汗 meaning in Chinese (23.8kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "充棟汗牛"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "充栋汗牛"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "冒冷汗"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "màohàn",
"word": "冒汗"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "lěnghàn",
"word": "冷汗"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "chūhàn",
"word": "出汗"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "反汗"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "大汗"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "大汗涔涔"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "心汗"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "悶汗"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "闷汗"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "惶汗"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "kuìhàn",
"word": "愧汗"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "愧汗怍人"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "shǒuhàn",
"word": "手汗"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "捏把汗"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "提劍汗馬"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "提剑汗马"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "揩汗"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "揮汗"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "挥汗"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "揮汗如雨"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "挥汗如雨"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "揮汗成雨"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "挥汗成雨"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "枕戈汗馬"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "枕戈汗马"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "步大汗"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "汗下"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "汗下如雨"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "汗充棟豪"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "汗充栋豪"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "汗出如漿"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "汗出如浆"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "汗出如雨"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "汗如雨下"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "汗巾"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "汗巾兒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "汗巾儿"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "汗帕"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "汗手"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "hànbān",
"word": "汗斑"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "hànmáo",
"word": "汗毛"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "hànshuǐ",
"word": "汗水"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "汗汗"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "汗流如雨"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "hànjīnjīn",
"word": "汗津津"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "汗流洽背"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "hànliújiābèi",
"word": "汗流浹背"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "hànliújiābèi",
"word": "汗流浃背"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "汗洽股慄"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "汗洽股栗"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "汗涔涔"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "汗液"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "汗溶溶"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "hànzì",
"word": "汗漬"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "hànzì",
"word": "汗渍"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "汗漫"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "汗火"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "hànzhēng",
"word": "汗蒸"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "hànniúchōngdòng",
"word": "汗牛充棟"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "hànniúchōngdòng",
"word": "汗牛充栋"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "hànzhū",
"word": "汗珠"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "汗珠子"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "hànzhěn",
"word": "汗疹"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "汗簡"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "汗简"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "汗絡兒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "汗络儿"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "hànxiàn",
"word": "汗腺"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "汗腥氣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "汗腥气"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "hànxuèmǎ",
"word": "汗血馬"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "hànxuèmǎ",
"word": "汗血马"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "汗衣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "hànshān",
"word": "汗衫"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "汗褂兒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "汗褂儿"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "hàntār",
"word": "汗褟兒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "hàntār",
"word": "汗褟儿"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "汗跡"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "汗迹"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "hànqīng",
"word": "汗青"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "hànyán",
"word": "汗顏"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "hànyán",
"word": "汗颜"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "汗馬"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "汗马"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "汗馬之功"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "汗马之功"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "汗馬之勞"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "汗马之劳"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "汗馬之績"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "汗马之绩"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "hànmǎgōngláo",
"word": "汗馬功勞"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "hànmǎgōngláo",
"word": "汗马功劳"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "汗馬功績"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "汗马功绩"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "汗馬勛勞"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "汗马勋劳"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "汗鹼"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "汗碱"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "泮汗"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "liúhàn",
"word": "流汗"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "流汗浹背"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "流汗浃背"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "流血流汗"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "hàohàn",
"word": "浩汗"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "渙汗"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "涣汗"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "渥汗"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "滈汗"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "漫汗"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "mǎntóudàhàn",
"word": "滿頭大汗"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "mǎntóudàhàn",
"word": "满头大汗"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "澔汗"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "瀾汗"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "澜汗"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "fāhàn",
"word": "發汗"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "fāhàn",
"word": "发汗"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "發汗劑"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "发汗剂"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "白汗"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "dàohàn",
"word": "盜汗"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "dàohàn",
"word": "盗汗"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "脫汗"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "脱汗"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "蒙汗藥"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "蒙汗药"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "xūhàn",
"word": "虛汗"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "xūhàn",
"word": "虚汗"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "xuèhàn",
"word": "血汗"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "xuèhànqián",
"word": "血汗錢"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "xuèhànqián",
"word": "血汗钱"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "赧顏汗下"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "赧颜汗下"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "趕汗"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "赶汗"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "輕汗"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "轻汗"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "Āfùhàn",
"word": "阿富汗"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "āfùhànní",
"word": "阿富汗尼"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "香汗"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "駭汗"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "骇汗"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "驚汗"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "惊汗"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "黑汗白流"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "za",
"2": "hanh",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Zhuang: hanh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Zhuang: hanh"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "sit-pro",
"3": "*s-(k/ŋ)rul",
"4": "",
"5": "sweat"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-(k/ŋ)rul (“sweat”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bo",
"2": "རྔུལ",
"3": "",
"4": "sweat"
},
"expansion": "Tibetan རྔུལ (rngul, “sweat”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-(k/ŋ)rul (“sweat”). Compare Tibetan རྔུལ (rngul, “sweat”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "hanzi"
},
"expansion": "汗",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese nouns classified by 滴",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "16 7 10 1 10 23 3 23 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Elementary Mandarin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 26 7 0 8 10 9 10 2",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Bodily fluids",
"orig": "zh:Bodily fluids",
"parents": [
"Body parts",
"Liquids",
"Body",
"Anatomy",
"Matter",
"Human",
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Chemistry",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I'm dripping with sweat.",
"roman": "Wǒ zhèng liú zhe hàn.",
"text": "我正流著汗。／我正流着汗。",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to sweat so much that the head is drenched",
"roman": "chū le yī tóu dà hàn",
"text": "出了一頭大汗／出了一头大汗",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "他去跑步流了一身汗。 [MSC, trad. and simp.]",
"roman": "He is drenched in sweat after running.",
"text": "Tā qù pǎobù liú le yī shēn hàn. [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sweat; perspiration (Classifier: 滴 m c)"
],
"id": "en-汗-zh-character-EaWi5B6v",
"links": [
[
"sweat",
"sweat"
],
[
"perspiration",
"perspiration"
],
[
"滴",
"滴#Chinese"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "55 32 5 0 3 6",
"roman": "hànshuǐ",
"sense": "perspiration",
"word": "汗水"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "28 26 7 0 8 10 9 10 2",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Bodily fluids",
"orig": "zh:Bodily fluids",
"parents": [
"Body parts",
"Liquids",
"Body",
"Anatomy",
"Matter",
"Human",
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Chemistry",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to sweat; to perspire"
],
"id": "en-汗-zh-character-Y5o~MFcZ",
"links": [
[
"sweat",
"sweat"
],
[
"perspire",
"perspire"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary, or in compounds) to sweat; to perspire"
],
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"condensation on bamboo when put over fire"
],
"id": "en-汗-zh-character-D9f21v1J",
"links": [
[
"condensation",
"condensation"
],
[
"bamboo",
"bamboo"
],
[
"fire",
"fire"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary) condensation on bamboo when put over fire"
],
"tags": [
"literary"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"Used in 汗漫."
],
"id": "en-汗-zh-character-zbllUdTz",
"links": [
[
"汗漫",
"汗漫#Chinese"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "4 3 8 2 15 16 17 16 8 0 1 0 6 0 0 2 0 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with raw sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Word used to express embarrassment, speechlessness or helplessness."
],
"id": "en-汗-zh-character-zcW4QUlp",
"links": [
[
"Internet",
"Internet"
],
[
"slang",
"slang"
],
[
"embarrassment",
"embarrassment#English"
],
[
"speechlessness",
"speechlessness#English"
],
[
"helplessness",
"helplessness#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Internet slang) Word used to express embarrassment, speechlessness or helplessness."
],
"tags": [
"Internet"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese surnames",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "16 7 10 1 10 23 3 23 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Elementary Mandarin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 3 8 2 15 16 17 16 8 0 1 0 6 0 0 2 0 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with raw sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a surname: Han"
],
"id": "en-汗-zh-character-Q2T0t44l",
"links": [
[
"surname",
"surname"
],
[
"Han",
"Han"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "hàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "han⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄏㄢˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"Sichuanese"
],
"zh-pron": "han⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "хан"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "han"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "III"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "hon⁶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Taishan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "hon⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "hon⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"PFS",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "hon"
},
{
"tags": [
"Guangdong",
"Hakka",
"Meixian"
],
"zh-pron": "hon⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "han³"
},
{
"zh-pron": "gūing"
},
{
"zh-pron": "gâng"
},
{
"zh-pron": "hâng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "kōaⁿ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "hān"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "guan⁷"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "hang²"
},
{
"zh-pron": "⁶ghoe"
},
{
"zh-pron": "han⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "hàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄏㄢˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "hàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "han⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "hàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "hann"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "хань"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "xanʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/xän⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Latinxua-Sin-Wenz",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "xan"
},
{
"ipa": "/xan²¹³/",
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/xæ̃⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "hon⁶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "hohn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "hon⁶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "hon⁶"
},
{
"ipa": "/hɔːn²²/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Taicheng",
"Taishanese",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "hon⁵"
},
{
"ipa": "/hᵘɔn³²/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Taicheng",
"Taishanese"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "hon⁵"
},
{
"ipa": "/hɵn¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "hon"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "hon"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "hon⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/hon⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/hɔn⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meixian",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Taiyuan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "han³"
},
{
"ipa": "/xæ̃⁴⁵/",
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Taiyuan"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Jian'ou",
"Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized"
],
"zh-pron": "gūing"
},
{
"ipa": "/kuiŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Jian'ou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Fuzhou"
],
"zh-pron": "gâng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Fuzhou"
],
"zh-pron": "hâng"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɑŋ²⁴²/",
"tags": [
"Fuzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/hɑŋ²⁴²/",
"tags": [
"Fuzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "kuānn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "hān"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "kvoa"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "han"
},
{
"ipa": "/kuã²²/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/han²²/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kuã⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/han⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kuã²²/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/han²²/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kuã³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/han³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kuã³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/han³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "kuāⁿ"
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "háng"
},
{
"ipa": "/kũã¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/haŋ⁵²/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "⁶ghoe"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "ghoe^去"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "³hhoe"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "/ɦø²³/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Changsha",
"Wiktionary-specific",
"Xiang"
],
"zh-pron": "han⁵"
},
{
"ipa": "/xan²¹/",
"tags": [
"Changsha",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Xiang"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "hanH"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*Cə.[ɡ]ˤa[r]-s/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*ɡaːns/"
},
{
"ipa": "/xän⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/xan²¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/xæ̃⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/hɔːn²²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/hᵘɔn³²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/hɵn¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/hon⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/hɔn⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/xæ̃⁴⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kuiŋ⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɑŋ²⁴²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/hɑŋ²⁴²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kuã²²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/han²²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kuã⁴¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/han⁴¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kuã²²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/han²²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kuã³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/han³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kuã³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/han³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kũã¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/haŋ⁵²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɦø²³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/xan²¹/"
},
{
"other": "[ɡ]"
},
{
"other": "[r]"
},
{
"other": "/*ɡaːns/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "màohàn",
"word": "冒汗"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "chūhàn",
"word": "出汗"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "páihàn",
"word": "排汗"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "biu1 hon6",
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "標汗"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "biu1 hon6",
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "标汗"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "liúhàn",
"word": "流汗"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "fāhàn",
"word": "發汗"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "fāhàn",
"word": "发汗"
}
],
"word": "汗"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "Yī'ér Hánguó",
"word": "伊兒汗國"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "Yī'ér Hánguó",
"word": "伊儿汗国"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "克汗"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kèhán",
"word": "可汗"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "Tiān Kèhán",
"word": "天可汗"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "Chéngjísīhán",
"word": "成吉思汗"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "Qīnchá Hánguó",
"word": "欽察汗國"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "Qīnchá Hánguó",
"word": "钦察汗国"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "hánguó",
"word": "汗國"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "hánguó",
"word": "汗国"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "阿拉木汗"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "hanzi"
},
"expansion": "汗",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "kèhán",
"word": "可汗"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "9 2 9 1 16 14 32 14 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 3 8 2 15 16 17 16 8 0 1 0 6 0 0 2 0 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with raw sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Short for 可汗 (kèhán)."
],
"id": "en-汗-zh-character-XTJKjKl8",
"links": [
[
"可汗",
"可汗#Chinese"
]
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese surnames",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "16 7 10 1 10 23 3 23 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Elementary Mandarin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 3 8 2 15 16 17 16 8 0 1 0 6 0 0 2 0 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with raw sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a surname: Han"
],
"id": "en-汗-zh-character-Q2T0t44l1",
"links": [
[
"surname",
"surname"
],
[
"Han",
"Han"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "hán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "han²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄏㄢˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "hon⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Taishan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "hon³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Guangdong",
"Hakka",
"Meixian"
],
"zh-pron": "hon²"
},
{
"zh-pron": "háng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "hân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "hang⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "hán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "hán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "han²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "hán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "harn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "хань"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "xanʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/xän³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "hon⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "hòhn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "hon⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "hon⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/hɔːn²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Taicheng",
"Taishanese",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "hon³"
},
{
"ipa": "/hᵘɔn²²/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Taicheng",
"Taishanese"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/hɔn¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meixian",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Fuzhou"
],
"zh-pron": "háng"
},
{
"ipa": "/hɑŋ²¹³/",
"tags": [
"Fuzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "hân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "haan"
},
{
"ipa": "/han²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/han²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/han¹³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/han²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/han²³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "hâng"
},
{
"ipa": "/haŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "han"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*ɡaːn/"
},
{
"ipa": "/xän³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/hɔːn²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/hᵘɔn²²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/hɔn¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/hɑŋ²¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/han²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/han²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/han¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/han²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/han²³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/haŋ⁵⁵/"
},
{
"other": "/*ɡaːn/"
}
],
"word": "汗"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "hanzi"
},
"expansion": "汗",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"Only used in 餘汗／馀汗."
],
"id": "en-汗-zh-character-Yfsy6p8O",
"links": [
[
"餘汗",
"餘汗#Chinese"
],
[
"馀汗",
"馀汗#Chinese"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "gān"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "gan¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄍㄢ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "gān"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "gan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "kan¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "gān"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "gan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "гань"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "ganʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/kän⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "kan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*kaːn/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kän⁵⁵/"
},
{
"other": "/*kaːn/"
}
],
"word": "汗"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chinese Han characters",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese nouns",
"Chinese proper nouns",
"Chinese terms derived from Proto-Sino-Tibetan",
"Chinese terms inherited from Proto-Sino-Tibetan",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Chinese verbs",
"Eastern Min lemmas",
"Eastern Min nouns",
"Eastern Min proper nouns",
"Eastern Min verbs",
"Elementary Mandarin",
"Middle Chinese lemmas",
"Northern Min lemmas",
"Northern Min nouns",
"Northern Min proper nouns",
"Northern Min verbs",
"Old Chinese lemmas",
"Pages with raw sortkeys",
"zh:Bodily fluids"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "充棟汗牛"
},
{
"word": "充栋汗牛"
},
{
"word": "冒冷汗"
},
{
"roman": "màohàn",
"word": "冒汗"
},
{
"roman": "lěnghàn",
"word": "冷汗"
},
{
"roman": "chūhàn",
"word": "出汗"
},
{
"word": "反汗"
},
{
"word": "大汗"
},
{
"word": "大汗涔涔"
},
{
"word": "心汗"
},
{
"word": "悶汗"
},
{
"word": "闷汗"
},
{
"word": "惶汗"
},
{
"roman": "kuìhàn",
"word": "愧汗"
},
{
"word": "愧汗怍人"
},
{
"roman": "shǒuhàn",
"word": "手汗"
},
{
"word": "捏把汗"
},
{
"word": "提劍汗馬"
},
{
"word": "提剑汗马"
},
{
"word": "揩汗"
},
{
"word": "揮汗"
},
{
"word": "挥汗"
},
{
"word": "揮汗如雨"
},
{
"word": "挥汗如雨"
},
{
"word": "揮汗成雨"
},
{
"word": "挥汗成雨"
},
{
"word": "枕戈汗馬"
},
{
"word": "枕戈汗马"
},
{
"word": "步大汗"
},
{
"word": "汗下"
},
{
"word": "汗下如雨"
},
{
"word": "汗充棟豪"
},
{
"word": "汗充栋豪"
},
{
"word": "汗出如漿"
},
{
"word": "汗出如浆"
},
{
"word": "汗出如雨"
},
{
"word": "汗如雨下"
},
{
"word": "汗巾"
},
{
"word": "汗巾兒"
},
{
"word": "汗巾儿"
},
{
"word": "汗帕"
},
{
"word": "汗手"
},
{
"roman": "hànbān",
"word": "汗斑"
},
{
"roman": "hànmáo",
"word": "汗毛"
},
{
"roman": "hànshuǐ",
"word": "汗水"
},
{
"word": "汗汗"
},
{
"word": "汗流如雨"
},
{
"roman": "hànjīnjīn",
"word": "汗津津"
},
{
"word": "汗流洽背"
},
{
"roman": "hànliújiābèi",
"word": "汗流浹背"
},
{
"roman": "hànliújiābèi",
"word": "汗流浃背"
},
{
"word": "汗洽股慄"
},
{
"word": "汗洽股栗"
},
{
"word": "汗涔涔"
},
{
"word": "汗液"
},
{
"word": "汗溶溶"
},
{
"roman": "hànzì",
"word": "汗漬"
},
{
"roman": "hànzì",
"word": "汗渍"
},
{
"word": "汗漫"
},
{
"word": "汗火"
},
{
"roman": "hànzhēng",
"word": "汗蒸"
},
{
"roman": "hànniúchōngdòng",
"word": "汗牛充棟"
},
{
"roman": "hànniúchōngdòng",
"word": "汗牛充栋"
},
{
"roman": "hànzhū",
"word": "汗珠"
},
{
"word": "汗珠子"
},
{
"roman": "hànzhěn",
"word": "汗疹"
},
{
"word": "汗簡"
},
{
"word": "汗简"
},
{
"word": "汗絡兒"
},
{
"word": "汗络儿"
},
{
"roman": "hànxiàn",
"word": "汗腺"
},
{
"word": "汗腥氣"
},
{
"word": "汗腥气"
},
{
"roman": "hànxuèmǎ",
"word": "汗血馬"
},
{
"roman": "hànxuèmǎ",
"word": "汗血马"
},
{
"word": "汗衣"
},
{
"roman": "hànshān",
"word": "汗衫"
},
{
"word": "汗褂兒"
},
{
"word": "汗褂儿"
},
{
"roman": "hàntār",
"word": "汗褟兒"
},
{
"roman": "hàntār",
"word": "汗褟儿"
},
{
"word": "汗跡"
},
{
"word": "汗迹"
},
{
"roman": "hànqīng",
"word": "汗青"
},
{
"roman": "hànyán",
"word": "汗顏"
},
{
"roman": "hànyán",
"word": "汗颜"
},
{
"word": "汗馬"
},
{
"word": "汗马"
},
{
"word": "汗馬之功"
},
{
"word": "汗马之功"
},
{
"word": "汗馬之勞"
},
{
"word": "汗马之劳"
},
{
"word": "汗馬之績"
},
{
"word": "汗马之绩"
},
{
"roman": "hànmǎgōngláo",
"word": "汗馬功勞"
},
{
"roman": "hànmǎgōngláo",
"word": "汗马功劳"
},
{
"word": "汗馬功績"
},
{
"word": "汗马功绩"
},
{
"word": "汗馬勛勞"
},
{
"word": "汗马勋劳"
},
{
"word": "汗鹼"
},
{
"word": "汗碱"
},
{
"word": "泮汗"
},
{
"roman": "liúhàn",
"word": "流汗"
},
{
"word": "流汗浹背"
},
{
"word": "流汗浃背"
},
{
"word": "流血流汗"
},
{
"roman": "hàohàn",
"word": "浩汗"
},
{
"word": "渙汗"
},
{
"word": "涣汗"
},
{
"word": "渥汗"
},
{
"word": "滈汗"
},
{
"word": "漫汗"
},
{
"roman": "mǎntóudàhàn",
"word": "滿頭大汗"
},
{
"roman": "mǎntóudàhàn",
"word": "满头大汗"
},
{
"word": "澔汗"
},
{
"word": "瀾汗"
},
{
"word": "澜汗"
},
{
"roman": "fāhàn",
"word": "發汗"
},
{
"roman": "fāhàn",
"word": "发汗"
},
{
"word": "發汗劑"
},
{
"word": "发汗剂"
},
{
"word": "白汗"
},
{
"roman": "dàohàn",
"word": "盜汗"
},
{
"roman": "dàohàn",
"word": "盗汗"
},
{
"word": "脫汗"
},
{
"word": "脱汗"
},
{
"word": "蒙汗藥"
},
{
"word": "蒙汗药"
},
{
"roman": "xūhàn",
"word": "虛汗"
},
{
"roman": "xūhàn",
"word": "虚汗"
},
{
"roman": "xuèhàn",
"word": "血汗"
},
{
"roman": "xuèhànqián",
"word": "血汗錢"
},
{
"roman": "xuèhànqián",
"word": "血汗钱"
},
{
"word": "赧顏汗下"
},
{
"word": "赧颜汗下"
},
{
"word": "趕汗"
},
{
"word": "赶汗"
},
{
"word": "輕汗"
},
{
"word": "轻汗"
},
{
"roman": "Āfùhàn",
"word": "阿富汗"
},
{
"roman": "āfùhànní",
"word": "阿富汗尼"
},
{
"word": "香汗"
},
{
"word": "駭汗"
},
{
"word": "骇汗"
},
{
"word": "驚汗"
},
{
"word": "惊汗"
},
{
"word": "黑汗白流"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "za",
"2": "hanh",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Zhuang: hanh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Zhuang: hanh"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "sit-pro",
"3": "*s-(k/ŋ)rul",
"4": "",
"5": "sweat"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-(k/ŋ)rul (“sweat”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bo",
"2": "རྔུལ",
"3": "",
"4": "sweat"
},
"expansion": "Tibetan རྔུལ (rngul, “sweat”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-(k/ŋ)rul (“sweat”). Compare Tibetan རྔུལ (rngul, “sweat”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "hanzi"
},
"expansion": "汗",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Chinese nouns classified by 滴",
"Mandarin terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I'm dripping with sweat.",
"roman": "Wǒ zhèng liú zhe hàn.",
"text": "我正流著汗。／我正流着汗。",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to sweat so much that the head is drenched",
"roman": "chū le yī tóu dà hàn",
"text": "出了一頭大汗／出了一头大汗",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "他去跑步流了一身汗。 [MSC, trad. and simp.]",
"roman": "He is drenched in sweat after running.",
"text": "Tā qù pǎobù liú le yī shēn hàn. [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sweat; perspiration (Classifier: 滴 m c)"
],
"links": [
[
"sweat",
"sweat"
],
[
"perspiration",
"perspiration"
],
[
"滴",
"滴#Chinese"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Chinese literary terms"
],
"glosses": [
"to sweat; to perspire"
],
"links": [
[
"sweat",
"sweat"
],
[
"perspire",
"perspire"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary, or in compounds) to sweat; to perspire"
],
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Chinese literary terms"
],
"glosses": [
"condensation on bamboo when put over fire"
],
"links": [
[
"condensation",
"condensation"
],
[
"bamboo",
"bamboo"
],
[
"fire",
"fire"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary) condensation on bamboo when put over fire"
],
"tags": [
"literary"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Chinese redlinks/zh-l"
],
"glosses": [
"Used in 汗漫."
],
"links": [
[
"汗漫",
"汗漫#Chinese"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Chinese internet slang"
],
"glosses": [
"Word used to express embarrassment, speechlessness or helplessness."
],
"links": [
[
"Internet",
"Internet"
],
[
"slang",
"slang"
],
[
"embarrassment",
"embarrassment#English"
],
[
"speechlessness",
"speechlessness#English"
],
[
"helplessness",
"helplessness#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Internet slang) Word used to express embarrassment, speechlessness or helplessness."
],
"tags": [
"Internet"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Chinese surnames"
],
"glosses": [
"a surname: Han"
],
"links": [
[
"surname",
"surname"
],
[
"Han",
"Han"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "hàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "han⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄏㄢˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"Sichuanese"
],
"zh-pron": "han⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "хан"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "han"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "III"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "hon⁶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Taishan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "hon⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "hon⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"PFS",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "hon"
},
{
"tags": [
"Guangdong",
"Hakka",
"Meixian"
],
"zh-pron": "hon⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "han³"
},
{
"zh-pron": "gūing"
},
{
"zh-pron": "gâng"
},
{
"zh-pron": "hâng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "kōaⁿ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "hān"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "guan⁷"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "hang²"
},
{
"zh-pron": "⁶ghoe"
},
{
"zh-pron": "han⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "hàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄏㄢˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "hàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "han⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "hàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "hann"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "хань"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "xanʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/xän⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Latinxua-Sin-Wenz",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "xan"
},
{
"ipa": "/xan²¹³/",
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/xæ̃⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "hon⁶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "hohn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "hon⁶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "hon⁶"
},
{
"ipa": "/hɔːn²²/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Taicheng",
"Taishanese",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "hon⁵"
},
{
"ipa": "/hᵘɔn³²/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Taicheng",
"Taishanese"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "hon⁵"
},
{
"ipa": "/hɵn¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "hon"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "hon"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "hon⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/hon⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/hɔn⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meixian",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Taiyuan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "han³"
},
{
"ipa": "/xæ̃⁴⁵/",
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Taiyuan"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Jian'ou",
"Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized"
],
"zh-pron": "gūing"
},
{
"ipa": "/kuiŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Jian'ou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Fuzhou"
],
"zh-pron": "gâng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Fuzhou"
],
"zh-pron": "hâng"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɑŋ²⁴²/",
"tags": [
"Fuzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/hɑŋ²⁴²/",
"tags": [
"Fuzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "kuānn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "hān"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "kvoa"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "han"
},
{
"ipa": "/kuã²²/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/han²²/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kuã⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/han⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kuã²²/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/han²²/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kuã³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/han³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kuã³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/han³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "kuāⁿ"
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "háng"
},
{
"ipa": "/kũã¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/haŋ⁵²/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "⁶ghoe"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "ghoe^去"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "³hhoe"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "/ɦø²³/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Changsha",
"Wiktionary-specific",
"Xiang"
],
"zh-pron": "han⁵"
},
{
"ipa": "/xan²¹/",
"tags": [
"Changsha",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Xiang"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "hanH"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*Cə.[ɡ]ˤa[r]-s/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*ɡaːns/"
},
{
"ipa": "/xän⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/xan²¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/xæ̃⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/hɔːn²²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/hᵘɔn³²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/hɵn¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/hon⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/hɔn⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/xæ̃⁴⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kuiŋ⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɑŋ²⁴²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/hɑŋ²⁴²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kuã²²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/han²²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kuã⁴¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/han⁴¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kuã²²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/han²²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kuã³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/han³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kuã³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/han³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kũã¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/haŋ⁵²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɦø²³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/xan²¹/"
},
{
"other": "[ɡ]"
},
{
"other": "[r]"
},
{
"other": "/*ɡaːns/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "hànshuǐ",
"sense": "perspiration",
"word": "汗水"
},
{
"roman": "màohàn",
"word": "冒汗"
},
{
"roman": "chūhàn",
"word": "出汗"
},
{
"roman": "páihàn",
"word": "排汗"
},
{
"roman": "biu1 hon6",
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "標汗"
},
{
"roman": "biu1 hon6",
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "标汗"
},
{
"roman": "liúhàn",
"word": "流汗"
},
{
"roman": "fāhàn",
"word": "發汗"
},
{
"roman": "fāhàn",
"word": "发汗"
}
],
"word": "汗"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chinese Han characters",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese nouns",
"Chinese proper nouns",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Eastern Min lemmas",
"Eastern Min nouns",
"Eastern Min proper nouns",
"Elementary Mandarin",
"Middle Chinese lemmas",
"Old Chinese lemmas",
"Pages with raw sortkeys",
"zh:Bodily fluids"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "Yī'ér Hánguó",
"word": "伊兒汗國"
},
{
"roman": "Yī'ér Hánguó",
"word": "伊儿汗国"
},
{
"word": "克汗"
},
{
"roman": "kèhán",
"word": "可汗"
},
{
"roman": "Tiān Kèhán",
"word": "天可汗"
},
{
"roman": "Chéngjísīhán",
"word": "成吉思汗"
},
{
"roman": "Qīnchá Hánguó",
"word": "欽察汗國"
},
{
"roman": "Qīnchá Hánguó",
"word": "钦察汗国"
},
{
"roman": "hánguó",
"word": "汗國"
},
{
"roman": "hánguó",
"word": "汗国"
},
{
"word": "阿拉木汗"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "hanzi"
},
"expansion": "汗",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "kèhán",
"word": "可汗"
}
],
"categories": [
"Chinese short forms"
],
"glosses": [
"Short for 可汗 (kèhán)."
],
"links": [
[
"可汗",
"可汗#Chinese"
]
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Chinese surnames"
],
"glosses": [
"a surname: Han"
],
"links": [
[
"surname",
"surname"
],
[
"Han",
"Han"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "hán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "han²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄏㄢˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "hon⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Taishan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "hon³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Guangdong",
"Hakka",
"Meixian"
],
"zh-pron": "hon²"
},
{
"zh-pron": "háng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "hân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "hang⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "hán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "hán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "han²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "hán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "harn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "хань"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "xanʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/xän³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "hon⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "hòhn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "hon⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "hon⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/hɔːn²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Taicheng",
"Taishanese",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "hon³"
},
{
"ipa": "/hᵘɔn²²/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Taicheng",
"Taishanese"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/hɔn¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meixian",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Fuzhou"
],
"zh-pron": "háng"
},
{
"ipa": "/hɑŋ²¹³/",
"tags": [
"Fuzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "hân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "haan"
},
{
"ipa": "/han²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/han²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/han¹³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/han²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/han²³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "hâng"
},
{
"ipa": "/haŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "han"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*ɡaːn/"
},
{
"ipa": "/xän³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/hɔːn²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/hᵘɔn²²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/hɔn¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/hɑŋ²¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/han²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/han²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/han¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/han²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/han²³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/haŋ⁵⁵/"
},
{
"other": "/*ɡaːn/"
}
],
"word": "汗"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chinese Han characters",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese proper nouns",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Elementary Mandarin",
"Middle Chinese lemmas",
"Old Chinese lemmas",
"Pages with raw sortkeys",
"zh:Bodily fluids"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "hanzi"
},
"expansion": "汗",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Chinese redlinks/zh-l"
],
"glosses": [
"Only used in 餘汗／馀汗."
],
"links": [
[
"餘汗",
"餘汗#Chinese"
],
[
"馀汗",
"馀汗#Chinese"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "gān"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "gan¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄍㄢ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "gān"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "gan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "kan¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "gān"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "gan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "гань"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "ganʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/kän⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "kan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*kaːn/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kän⁵⁵/"
},
{
"other": "/*kaːn/"
}
],
"word": "汗"
}
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"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <ul> not properly closed",
"path": [
"汗"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "汗",
"trace": "started on line 104, detected on line 114"
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}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Chinese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-24 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (82c8ff9 and f4967a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.