See 正月 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for 正月 meaning in Chinese (13.7kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "大正月"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "zhēngyuè chūyī",
"word": "正月初一"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "zhēngyuè shíwǔ",
"word": "正月十五"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "正月正時"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "正月正时"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "正月正頭"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "正月正头"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "正月酒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "正月頭"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "正月头"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "朱熹//",
"lit": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"t": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "朱熹",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "朱熹"
},
"expansion": "朱熹",
"name": "lw"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "正"
},
"expansion": "正",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*政"
},
"expansion": "政",
"name": "zh-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "張守節"
},
"expansion": "張守節",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*征"
},
"expansion": "征",
"name": "zh-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "嬴政"
},
"expansion": "嬴政",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Sagart (2023)"
},
"expansion": "Sagart (2023)",
"name": "zh-ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "正"
},
"expansion": "正",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "隻",
"2": "one",
"tr": "*tek"
},
"expansion": "隻 (OC *tek, “one”)",
"name": "och-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "月",
"tr": "*ŋʷat"
},
"expansion": "月 (OC *[ŋ]ʷat)",
"name": "och-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "正月"
},
"expansion": "正月",
"name": "lang"
}
],
"etymology_text": "According to Guangyun (https://ctext.org/text.pl?node=296930&if=en#n296938) and Zhu Xi (朱熹) (https://ctext.org/library.pl?if=en&file=9216&page=85), the character 正 here was originally pronounced zhèng (like 政); according to Zhang Shoujie (張守節); its special pronunciation zhēng (like 征) originated from the naming taboo on Qin Shi Huang's real name 嬴政 (Yíng Zhèng) (https://ctext.org/wiki.pl?if=gb&res=710475&searchu=%E6%AD%A3%E9%9F%B3%E6%94%BF%E5%91%A8%E6%AD%A3%E5%BB%BA%E5%AD%90%E4%B9%8B%E6%AD%A3%E4%B9%9F%E5%A7%8B%E7%9A%87%E4%BB%A5%E6%AD%A3%E6%9C%88%E6%97%A6%E7%94%9F%E6%96%BC%E8%B6%99%E5%9B%A0%E7%82%BA%E6%94%BF%E5%BE%8C%E4%BB%A5%E5%A7%8B%E7%9A%87%E8%AB%B1%E6%95%85%E9%9F%B3%E5%BE%81).\nSagart (2023) instead proposes that actually 正 here wrote 隻 (OC *tek, “one”), in context where the latter's coda *-k had been nasalized by the onset of 月 (OC *[ŋ]ʷat). He reconstructs underlying *tek-ŋʷat, whence *teŋ-ŋʷat, whose appropriate readable form was 正月.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "正月",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "52 43 5",
"roman": "Xìngyuè",
"sense": "Month of the Year: 正月 (zhēngyuè); Next",
"word": "杏月"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "56 44 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "68 32 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "67 32 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "In the third month of spring, first month (of the year), first day of Yichou, I the pious grandson, Shu, selected those solid metals to cast a fou-barrel.",
"ref": "正月季春元日乙丑：余畜孫書也擇其吉金以作鑄缶。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]",
"text": "正月季春元日乙丑：余畜孙书也择其吉金以作铸缶。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]\nFrom: circa 6th century BCE, Inscription on 欒書缶 Luan Shu's fou, transcribed and translated by Caboara (2010:12).\nZhēngyuè jìchūn yuánrì yǐchǒu: yú xù sūn Shū yě zé qí jíjīn yǐ zuò zhù fǒu. [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "In the first month the hoar-frost abounds, and my heart is wounded with sorrow.",
"ref": "正月繁霜、我心憂傷。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]",
"text": "正月繁霜、我心忧伤。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]\nFrom: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11ᵗʰ – 7ᵗʰ centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version\nZhēngyuè fán shuāng, wǒ xīn yōushāng. [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "In the first month bees appear; unseasonable, different birds heard at the same time.",
"ref": "正月蜂相見，非時鳥共聞。 [MSC, trad.]",
"text": "正月蜂相见，非时鸟共闻。 [MSC, simp.]\nFrom: 8th century CE, 杜甫 (Du Fu)《南楚》\"In the South, Chu\"; translated by Owen (2017)\nZhēngyuè fēng xiāng jiàn, fēishí niǎo gòng wén. [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"the first month of the Chinese lunar calendar"
],
"id": "en-正月-zh-noun-2fVl47fm",
"links": [
[
"first",
"first"
],
[
"month",
"month"
],
[
"Chinese",
"Chinese"
],
[
"lunar calendar",
"lunar calendar"
]
],
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "54 41 5",
"roman": "Làyuè",
"sense": "Month of the Year: 正月 (zhēngyuè); Previous",
"word": "臘月"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 41 5",
"roman": "Làyuè",
"sense": "Month of the Year: 正月 (zhēngyuè); Previous",
"word": "腊月"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "55 45 0",
"roman": "Zōuyuè",
"sense": "first month",
"word": "陬月"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 45 0",
"roman": "Yínyuè",
"sense": "first month",
"word": "寅月"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 45 0",
"roman": "duānyuè",
"sense": "first month",
"word": "端月"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 45 0",
"roman": "Yuányuè",
"sense": "first month",
"word": "元月"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 45 0",
"sense": "first month",
"word": "初月"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 45 0",
"sense": "first month",
"word": "嘉月"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 45 0",
"sense": "first month",
"word": "開歲"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 45 0",
"sense": "first month",
"word": "开岁"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 45 0",
"roman": "xīnzhēng",
"sense": "first month",
"word": "新正"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 45 0",
"sense": "first month",
"word": "隅月"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 45 0",
"roman": "mèngyuè",
"sense": "first month",
"word": "孟月"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 45 0",
"sense": "first month",
"word": "始春"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 45 0",
"sense": "first month",
"word": "元春"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Xiamen Hokkien",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"first three days of the first month of the Chinese lunar calendar"
],
"id": "en-正月-zh-noun-mjvCFBM1",
"links": [
[
"first",
"first"
],
[
"three",
"three"
],
[
"day",
"day"
],
[
"month",
"month"
],
[
"Chinese",
"Chinese"
],
[
"lunar calendar",
"lunar calendar"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Xiamen Hokkien) first three days of the first month of the Chinese lunar calendar"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "11 89 0",
"sense": "first three days",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "正月正頭"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 89 0",
"sense": "first three days",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "正月正头"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 89 0",
"sense": "first three days",
"word": "正月正時"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 89 0",
"sense": "first three days",
"word": "正月正时"
}
],
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "31 24 45",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Chinese months",
"orig": "zh:Chinese months",
"parents": [
"Months",
"Periodic occurrences",
"Time",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"January"
],
"id": "en-正月-zh-noun-NwguaN-F",
"links": [
[
"January",
"January"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dated) January"
],
"tags": [
"dated"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "zhēngyuè"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄓㄥ ㄩㄝˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"Sichuanese"
],
"zh-pron": "zen¹ yue²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "җынйүә"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "žɨnyüə"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "I-II"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "zing¹ jyut⁶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "zang¹ nyyot"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "châng-ngie̍t"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "châng-ngia̍t"
},
{
"zh-pron": "ciăng-nguŏk"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chiaⁿ--goe̍h"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chiaⁿ-ge̍rh"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chiaⁿ--ge̍h"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chiaⁿ-ge̍h"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chiaⁿ-goe̍h"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "zian¹ ghuêh⁸"
},
{
"zh-pron": "¹tsen-yuq; ¹tsen-yoq"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "zhēngyuè"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄓㄥ ㄩㄝˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "jhengyuè"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "chêng¹-yüeh⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "jēng-ywè"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "jengyueh"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "чжэнъюэ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "čžɛnʺjue"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵⁵ ɥɛ⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Latinxua-Sin-Wenz",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "zenje"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sən⁵⁵ ye²¹/",
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʈ͡ʂəŋ²⁴ yə⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "jīng yuht"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "dzing¹ jyt⁹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "jing¹ yud⁶"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɪŋ⁵⁵ jyːt̚²/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "zang¹ nyyot"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡saŋ⁴² n̠ʲyɵt̚²/",
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "châng-ngie̍t"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "zang´ ngied"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "zang¹ ngiad⁶"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡saŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ ŋi̯et̚⁵/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
],
"zh-pron": "châng-ngia̍t"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
],
"zh-pron": "zang´ ngiad"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
],
"zh-pron": "zang¹ ngiad⁶"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡saŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ ŋi̯at̚⁵/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Fuzhou"
],
"zh-pron": "ciăng-nguŏk"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siaŋ⁵⁵ ŋuoʔ⁵/",
"tags": [
"Fuzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tsiann--gue̍h"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tsiann-ge̍rh"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siã³³ ɡəʔ²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siã⁴⁴⁻²² ɡəʔ⁴³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Singapore"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tsiann--ge̍h"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tsiann-ge̍h"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "cvia'geh"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siã³³ ɡeʔ²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Philippines"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siã⁴⁴⁻²² ɡeʔ⁴³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Singapore"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siã⁴⁴⁻²² ɡeʔ⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tsiann-gue̍h"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "cvia'goeh"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siã⁴⁴⁻²² ɡueʔ¹²¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siã⁴⁴⁻²² ɡueʔ⁴³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Singapore"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "tsiaⁿ gue̍h"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sĩã³³⁻²³ ɡueʔ⁴/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "¹tsen-yuq; ¹tsen-yoq"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "tsen^平 yuih; tsen^平 yoh"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "¹tsen-hhyq; ¹tsen-hhioq"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "/t͡sən⁵⁵ ɦyɪʔ²¹/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "/t͡sən⁵⁵ ɦioʔ²¹/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "tsyeng ngjwot"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*C.teŋ [ŋ]ʷat/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*tjeŋ ŋod/"
},
{
"other": "/ chiaⁿ-ge̍rh /"
},
{
"other": "/ chiaⁿ-ge̍h /"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵⁵ ɥɛ⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sən⁵⁵ ye²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʈ͡ʂəŋ²⁴ yə⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɪŋ⁵⁵ jyːt̚²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡saŋ⁴² n̠ʲyɵt̚²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡saŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ ŋi̯et̚⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡saŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ ŋi̯at̚⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siaŋ⁵⁵ ŋuoʔ⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siã³³ ɡəʔ²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siã⁴⁴⁻²² ɡəʔ⁴³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siã³³ ɡeʔ²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siã⁴⁴⁻²² ɡeʔ⁴³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siã⁴⁴⁻²² ɡeʔ⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siã⁴⁴⁻²² ɡueʔ¹²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siã⁴⁴⁻²² ɡueʔ⁴³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sĩã³³⁻²³ ɡueʔ⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sən⁵⁵ ɦyɪʔ²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sən⁵⁵ ɦioʔ²¹/"
},
{
"other": "[ŋ]"
},
{
"other": "/*tjeŋ ŋod/"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Guangyun",
"Qin Shi Huang",
"Zhu Xi",
"naming taboo"
],
"word": "正月"
}
{
"categories": [
"Advanced Mandarin",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Chinese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Chinese nouns",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Eastern Min lemmas",
"Eastern Min nouns",
"Middle Chinese lemmas",
"Old Chinese lemmas",
"zh:Chinese months"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "大正月"
},
{
"roman": "zhēngyuè chūyī",
"word": "正月初一"
},
{
"roman": "zhēngyuè shíwǔ",
"word": "正月十五"
},
{
"word": "正月正時"
},
{
"word": "正月正时"
},
{
"word": "正月正頭"
},
{
"word": "正月正头"
},
{
"word": "正月酒"
},
{
"word": "正月頭"
},
{
"word": "正月头"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "朱熹//",
"lit": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"t": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "朱熹",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "朱熹"
},
"expansion": "朱熹",
"name": "lw"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "正"
},
"expansion": "正",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*政"
},
"expansion": "政",
"name": "zh-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "張守節"
},
"expansion": "張守節",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*征"
},
"expansion": "征",
"name": "zh-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "嬴政"
},
"expansion": "嬴政",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Sagart (2023)"
},
"expansion": "Sagart (2023)",
"name": "zh-ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "正"
},
"expansion": "正",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "隻",
"2": "one",
"tr": "*tek"
},
"expansion": "隻 (OC *tek, “one”)",
"name": "och-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "月",
"tr": "*ŋʷat"
},
"expansion": "月 (OC *[ŋ]ʷat)",
"name": "och-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "正月"
},
"expansion": "正月",
"name": "lang"
}
],
"etymology_text": "According to Guangyun (https://ctext.org/text.pl?node=296930&if=en#n296938) and Zhu Xi (朱熹) (https://ctext.org/library.pl?if=en&file=9216&page=85), the character 正 here was originally pronounced zhèng (like 政); according to Zhang Shoujie (張守節); its special pronunciation zhēng (like 征) originated from the naming taboo on Qin Shi Huang's real name 嬴政 (Yíng Zhèng) (https://ctext.org/wiki.pl?if=gb&res=710475&searchu=%E6%AD%A3%E9%9F%B3%E6%94%BF%E5%91%A8%E6%AD%A3%E5%BB%BA%E5%AD%90%E4%B9%8B%E6%AD%A3%E4%B9%9F%E5%A7%8B%E7%9A%87%E4%BB%A5%E6%AD%A3%E6%9C%88%E6%97%A6%E7%94%9F%E6%96%BC%E8%B6%99%E5%9B%A0%E7%82%BA%E6%94%BF%E5%BE%8C%E4%BB%A5%E5%A7%8B%E7%9A%87%E8%AB%B1%E6%95%85%E9%9F%B3%E5%BE%81).\nSagart (2023) instead proposes that actually 正 here wrote 隻 (OC *tek, “one”), in context where the latter's coda *-k had been nasalized by the onset of 月 (OC *[ŋ]ʷat). He reconstructs underlying *tek-ŋʷat, whence *teŋ-ŋʷat, whose appropriate readable form was 正月.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "正月",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"roman": "Làyuè",
"sense": "Month of the Year: 正月 (zhēngyuè); Previous",
"word": "臘月"
},
{
"roman": "Làyuè",
"sense": "Month of the Year: 正月 (zhēngyuè); Previous",
"word": "腊月"
},
{
"roman": "Xìngyuè",
"sense": "Month of the Year: 正月 (zhēngyuè); Next",
"word": "杏月"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Chinese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Chinese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Literary Chinese terms with quotations",
"Mandarin terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "In the third month of spring, first month (of the year), first day of Yichou, I the pious grandson, Shu, selected those solid metals to cast a fou-barrel.",
"ref": "正月季春元日乙丑：余畜孫書也擇其吉金以作鑄缶。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]",
"text": "正月季春元日乙丑：余畜孙书也择其吉金以作铸缶。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]\nFrom: circa 6th century BCE, Inscription on 欒書缶 Luan Shu's fou, transcribed and translated by Caboara (2010:12).\nZhēngyuè jìchūn yuánrì yǐchǒu: yú xù sūn Shū yě zé qí jíjīn yǐ zuò zhù fǒu. [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "In the first month the hoar-frost abounds, and my heart is wounded with sorrow.",
"ref": "正月繁霜、我心憂傷。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]",
"text": "正月繁霜、我心忧伤。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]\nFrom: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11ᵗʰ – 7ᵗʰ centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version\nZhēngyuè fán shuāng, wǒ xīn yōushāng. [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "In the first month bees appear; unseasonable, different birds heard at the same time.",
"ref": "正月蜂相見，非時鳥共聞。 [MSC, trad.]",
"text": "正月蜂相见，非时鸟共闻。 [MSC, simp.]\nFrom: 8th century CE, 杜甫 (Du Fu)《南楚》\"In the South, Chu\"; translated by Owen (2017)\nZhēngyuè fēng xiāng jiàn, fēishí niǎo gòng wén. [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"the first month of the Chinese lunar calendar"
],
"links": [
[
"first",
"first"
],
[
"month",
"month"
],
[
"Chinese",
"Chinese"
],
[
"lunar calendar",
"lunar calendar"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Xiamen Hokkien"
],
"glosses": [
"first three days of the first month of the Chinese lunar calendar"
],
"links": [
[
"first",
"first"
],
[
"three",
"three"
],
[
"day",
"day"
],
[
"month",
"month"
],
[
"Chinese",
"Chinese"
],
[
"lunar calendar",
"lunar calendar"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Xiamen Hokkien) first three days of the first month of the Chinese lunar calendar"
],
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Chinese dated terms"
],
"glosses": [
"January"
],
"links": [
[
"January",
"January"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dated) January"
],
"tags": [
"dated"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "zhēngyuè"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄓㄥ ㄩㄝˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"Sichuanese"
],
"zh-pron": "zen¹ yue²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "җынйүә"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "žɨnyüə"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "I-II"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "zing¹ jyut⁶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "zang¹ nyyot"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "châng-ngie̍t"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "châng-ngia̍t"
},
{
"zh-pron": "ciăng-nguŏk"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chiaⁿ--goe̍h"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chiaⁿ-ge̍rh"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chiaⁿ--ge̍h"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chiaⁿ-ge̍h"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chiaⁿ-goe̍h"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "zian¹ ghuêh⁸"
},
{
"zh-pron": "¹tsen-yuq; ¹tsen-yoq"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "zhēngyuè"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄓㄥ ㄩㄝˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "jhengyuè"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "chêng¹-yüeh⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "jēng-ywè"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "jengyueh"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "чжэнъюэ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "čžɛnʺjue"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵⁵ ɥɛ⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Latinxua-Sin-Wenz",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "zenje"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sən⁵⁵ ye²¹/",
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʈ͡ʂəŋ²⁴ yə⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "jīng yuht"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "dzing¹ jyt⁹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "jing¹ yud⁶"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɪŋ⁵⁵ jyːt̚²/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "zang¹ nyyot"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡saŋ⁴² n̠ʲyɵt̚²/",
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "châng-ngie̍t"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "zang´ ngied"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "zang¹ ngiad⁶"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡saŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ ŋi̯et̚⁵/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
],
"zh-pron": "châng-ngia̍t"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
],
"zh-pron": "zang´ ngiad"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
],
"zh-pron": "zang¹ ngiad⁶"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡saŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ ŋi̯at̚⁵/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Fuzhou"
],
"zh-pron": "ciăng-nguŏk"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siaŋ⁵⁵ ŋuoʔ⁵/",
"tags": [
"Fuzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tsiann--gue̍h"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tsiann-ge̍rh"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siã³³ ɡəʔ²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siã⁴⁴⁻²² ɡəʔ⁴³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Singapore"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tsiann--ge̍h"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tsiann-ge̍h"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "cvia'geh"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siã³³ ɡeʔ²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Philippines"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siã⁴⁴⁻²² ɡeʔ⁴³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Singapore"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siã⁴⁴⁻²² ɡeʔ⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tsiann-gue̍h"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "cvia'goeh"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siã⁴⁴⁻²² ɡueʔ¹²¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siã⁴⁴⁻²² ɡueʔ⁴³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Singapore"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "tsiaⁿ gue̍h"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sĩã³³⁻²³ ɡueʔ⁴/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "¹tsen-yuq; ¹tsen-yoq"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "tsen^平 yuih; tsen^平 yoh"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "¹tsen-hhyq; ¹tsen-hhioq"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "/t͡sən⁵⁵ ɦyɪʔ²¹/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "/t͡sən⁵⁵ ɦioʔ²¹/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "tsyeng ngjwot"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*C.teŋ [ŋ]ʷat/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*tjeŋ ŋod/"
},
{
"other": "/ chiaⁿ-ge̍rh /"
},
{
"other": "/ chiaⁿ-ge̍h /"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵⁵ ɥɛ⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sən⁵⁵ ye²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʈ͡ʂəŋ²⁴ yə⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɪŋ⁵⁵ jyːt̚²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡saŋ⁴² n̠ʲyɵt̚²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡saŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ ŋi̯et̚⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡saŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ ŋi̯at̚⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siaŋ⁵⁵ ŋuoʔ⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siã³³ ɡəʔ²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siã⁴⁴⁻²² ɡəʔ⁴³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siã³³ ɡeʔ²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siã⁴⁴⁻²² ɡeʔ⁴³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siã⁴⁴⁻²² ɡeʔ⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siã⁴⁴⁻²² ɡueʔ¹²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siã⁴⁴⁻²² ɡueʔ⁴³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sĩã³³⁻²³ ɡueʔ⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sən⁵⁵ ɦyɪʔ²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sən⁵⁵ ɦioʔ²¹/"
},
{
"other": "[ŋ]"
},
{
"other": "/*tjeŋ ŋod/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "Zōuyuè",
"sense": "first month",
"word": "陬月"
},
{
"roman": "Yínyuè",
"sense": "first month",
"word": "寅月"
},
{
"roman": "duānyuè",
"sense": "first month",
"word": "端月"
},
{
"roman": "Yuányuè",
"sense": "first month",
"word": "元月"
},
{
"sense": "first month",
"word": "初月"
},
{
"sense": "first month",
"word": "嘉月"
},
{
"sense": "first month",
"word": "開歲"
},
{
"sense": "first month",
"word": "开岁"
},
{
"roman": "xīnzhēng",
"sense": "first month",
"word": "新正"
},
{
"sense": "first month",
"word": "隅月"
},
{
"roman": "mèngyuè",
"sense": "first month",
"word": "孟月"
},
{
"sense": "first month",
"word": "始春"
},
{
"sense": "first month",
"word": "元春"
},
{
"sense": "first three days",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "正月正頭"
},
{
"sense": "first three days",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "正月正头"
},
{
"sense": "first three days",
"word": "正月正時"
},
{
"sense": "first three days",
"word": "正月正时"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Guangyun",
"Qin Shi Huang",
"Zhu Xi",
"naming taboo"
],
"word": "正月"
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Sinological IPA (Shanghai)'",
"path": [
"正月"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "正月",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Shanghai):'",
"path": [
"正月"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "正月",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
"path": [
"正月"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "正月",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wugniu'",
"path": [
"正月"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "正月",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Eastern Min'",
"path": [
"正月"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "正月",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Eastern Min (BUC)'",
"path": [
"正月"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "正月",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wu (Wugniu)'",
"path": [
"正月"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "正月",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'MiniDict'",
"path": [
"正月"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "正月",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese)⁺'",
"path": [
"正月"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "正月",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Northern)'",
"path": [
"正月"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "正月",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai)'",
"path": [
"正月"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "正月",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min'",
"path": [
"正月"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "正月",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Chinese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.