See 杜林 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "en",
"3": "Durham"
},
"expansion": "English Durham",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From English Durham.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "proper noun"
},
"expansion": "杜林",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Places in Canada",
"orig": "zh:Places in Canada",
"parents": [
"Places",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Places in Ontario",
"orig": "zh:Places in Ontario",
"parents": [
"Places",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Regional municipalities of Ontario",
"orig": "zh:Regional municipalities of Ontario",
"parents": [
"Regional municipalities",
"Places",
"Political subdivisions",
"Names",
"Polities",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "69 12 19 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "60 16 18 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "69 12 13 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Durham (a regional municipality of Ontario, Canada)"
],
"id": "en-杜林-zh-name-dF5USMS7",
"links": [
[
"區",
"區#Chinese"
],
[
"Durham",
"Durham#English"
],
[
"Ontario",
"Ontario#English"
],
[
"Canada",
"Canada#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(～區) Durham (a regional municipality of Ontario, Canada)"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese renderings of English surnames",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A transliteration of the English surname Durham"
],
"id": "en-杜林-zh-name-5UVdEhKT",
"links": [
[
"Durham",
"Durham#English"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "Dùlín"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄉㄨˋ ㄌㄧㄣˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "dou⁶ lam⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "Dùlín"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "Dùlín"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "Tu⁴-lin²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "Dù-lín"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "Duhlin"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "Дулинь"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "Dulinʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/tu⁵¹ lin³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "douh làhm"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "dou⁶ lam⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "dou⁶ lem⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/tou̯²² lɐm²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tu⁵¹ lin³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tou̯²² lɐm²¹/"
}
],
"word": "杜林"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "en",
"3": "Turing"
},
"expansion": "English Turing",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From English Turing.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "proper noun"
},
"expansion": "杜林",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese renderings of English surnames",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Taiwanese Chinese",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A transliteration of the English surname Turing"
],
"id": "en-杜林-zh-name-KewCadC4",
"links": [
[
"Turing",
"Turing#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Taiwan) A transliteration of the English surname Turing"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "Túlíng",
"word": "圖靈／图灵"
},
{
"roman": "Túlíng",
"word": "圖靈"
},
{
"roman": "Túlíng",
"word": "图灵"
}
],
"tags": [
"Taiwan"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "Dùlín"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄉㄨˋ ㄌㄧㄣˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "dou⁶ lam⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "Dùlín"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "Dùlín"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "Tu⁴-lin²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "Dù-lín"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "Duhlin"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "Дулинь"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "Dulinʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/tu⁵¹ lin³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "douh làhm"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "dou⁶ lam⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "dou⁶ lem⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/tou̯²² lɐm²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tu⁵¹ lin³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tou̯²² lɐm²¹/"
}
],
"word": "杜林"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "en",
"3": "Turin"
},
"expansion": "English Turin",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From English Turin.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "proper noun"
},
"expansion": "杜林",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Taiwanese Chinese",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Cities in Italy",
"orig": "zh:Cities in Italy",
"parents": [
"Cities",
"Places",
"Polities",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Places in Italy",
"orig": "zh:Places in Italy",
"parents": [
"Places",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Turin",
"orig": "zh:Turin",
"parents": [
"Piedmont",
"Italy",
"Europe",
"Earth",
"Eurasia",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Turin (a city in Italy)"
],
"id": "en-杜林-zh-name-~Kbt9M7-",
"links": [
[
"Turin",
"Turin#English"
],
[
"Italy",
"Italy#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Taiwan) Turin (a city in Italy)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "Dūlíng",
"word": "都靈／都灵"
},
{
"roman": "Dūlíng",
"word": "都靈"
},
{
"roman": "Dūlíng",
"word": "都灵"
}
],
"tags": [
"Taiwan"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "Dùlín"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄉㄨˋ ㄌㄧㄣˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "dou⁶ lam⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "Dùlín"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "Dùlín"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "Tu⁴-lin²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "Dù-lín"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "Duhlin"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "Дулинь"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "Dulinʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/tu⁵¹ lin³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "douh làhm"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "dou⁶ lam⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "dou⁶ lem⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/tou̯²² lɐm²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tu⁵¹ lin³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tou̯²² lɐm²¹/"
}
],
"word": "杜林"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese proper nouns",
"Chinese terms borrowed from English",
"Chinese terms derived from English",
"Chinese terms spelled with 杜",
"Chinese terms spelled with 林",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "en",
"3": "Durham"
},
"expansion": "English Durham",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From English Durham.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "proper noun"
},
"expansion": "杜林",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"zh:Places in Canada",
"zh:Places in Ontario",
"zh:Regional municipalities of Ontario"
],
"glosses": [
"Durham (a regional municipality of Ontario, Canada)"
],
"links": [
[
"區",
"區#Chinese"
],
[
"Durham",
"Durham#English"
],
[
"Ontario",
"Ontario#English"
],
[
"Canada",
"Canada#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(～區) Durham (a regional municipality of Ontario, Canada)"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Chinese renderings of English surnames",
"Chinese terms borrowed from English",
"Chinese terms derived from English"
],
"glosses": [
"A transliteration of the English surname Durham"
],
"links": [
[
"Durham",
"Durham#English"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "Dùlín"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄉㄨˋ ㄌㄧㄣˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "dou⁶ lam⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "Dùlín"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "Dùlín"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "Tu⁴-lin²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "Dù-lín"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "Duhlin"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "Дулинь"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "Dulinʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/tu⁵¹ lin³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "douh làhm"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "dou⁶ lam⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "dou⁶ lem⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/tou̯²² lɐm²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tu⁵¹ lin³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tou̯²² lɐm²¹/"
}
],
"word": "杜林"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese proper nouns",
"Chinese terms borrowed from English",
"Chinese terms derived from English",
"Chinese terms spelled with 杜",
"Chinese terms spelled with 林",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "en",
"3": "Turing"
},
"expansion": "English Turing",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From English Turing.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "proper noun"
},
"expansion": "杜林",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Chinese renderings of English surnames",
"Chinese terms borrowed from English",
"Chinese terms derived from English",
"Taiwanese Chinese"
],
"glosses": [
"A transliteration of the English surname Turing"
],
"links": [
[
"Turing",
"Turing#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Taiwan) A transliteration of the English surname Turing"
],
"tags": [
"Taiwan"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "Dùlín"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄉㄨˋ ㄌㄧㄣˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "dou⁶ lam⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "Dùlín"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "Dùlín"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "Tu⁴-lin²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "Dù-lín"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "Duhlin"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "Дулинь"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "Dulinʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/tu⁵¹ lin³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "douh làhm"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "dou⁶ lam⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "dou⁶ lem⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/tou̯²² lɐm²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tu⁵¹ lin³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tou̯²² lɐm²¹/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "Túlíng",
"word": "圖靈／图灵"
},
{
"roman": "Túlíng",
"word": "圖靈"
},
{
"roman": "Túlíng",
"word": "图灵"
}
],
"word": "杜林"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese proper nouns",
"Chinese terms borrowed from English",
"Chinese terms derived from English",
"Chinese terms spelled with 杜",
"Chinese terms spelled with 林",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "en",
"3": "Turin"
},
"expansion": "English Turin",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From English Turin.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "proper noun"
},
"expansion": "杜林",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Taiwanese Chinese",
"zh:Cities in Italy",
"zh:Places in Italy",
"zh:Turin"
],
"glosses": [
"Turin (a city in Italy)"
],
"links": [
[
"Turin",
"Turin#English"
],
[
"Italy",
"Italy#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Taiwan) Turin (a city in Italy)"
],
"tags": [
"Taiwan"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "Dùlín"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄉㄨˋ ㄌㄧㄣˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "dou⁶ lam⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "Dùlín"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "Dùlín"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "Tu⁴-lin²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "Dù-lín"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "Duhlin"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "Дулинь"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "Dulinʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/tu⁵¹ lin³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "douh làhm"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "dou⁶ lam⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "dou⁶ lem⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/tou̯²² lɐm²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tu⁵¹ lin³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tou̯²² lɐm²¹/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "Dūlíng",
"word": "都靈／都灵"
},
{
"roman": "Dūlíng",
"word": "都靈"
},
{
"roman": "Dūlíng",
"word": "都灵"
}
],
"word": "杜林"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 杜林 meaning in Chinese (6.7kB)
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
"path": [
"杜林"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "杜林",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese)⁺'",
"path": [
"杜林"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "杜林",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: ～區",
"path": [
"杜林"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "proper noun",
"title": "杜林",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: ～區",
"path": [
"杜林"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "proper noun",
"title": "杜林",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Chinese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (df33d17 and 4ed51a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.