"昆明" meaning in Chinese

See 昆明 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Proper name

IPA: /kʰu̯ən⁵⁵ miŋ³⁵/ [Mandarin, Sinological-IPA], /kʷʰɐn⁵⁵ mɪŋ²¹/ [Cantonese, Sinological-IPA], /kun²⁴ min¹¹/ [Hakka, Meinong, Miaoli, Sinological-IPA, Sixian], /kʰun⁴⁴⁻³⁵ min¹¹/ [Hakka, Meixian, Sinological-IPA], /kʰouŋ⁵⁵ miŋ⁵³/ [Fuzhou, Sinological-IPA], /kʰun⁴⁴⁻²² biɪŋ²⁴/ [Hokkien, Xiamen], /kʰun³³ biɪŋ²⁴/ [Hokkien, Quanzhou], /kʰun⁴⁴⁻²² biɪŋ¹³/ [Hokkien, Zhangzhou], /kʰun⁴⁴⁻³³ biɪŋ²⁴/ [Hokkien, Taipei], /kʰun⁴⁴⁻³³ biɪŋ²³/ [Hokkien, Kaohsiung], /kʰuŋ³³⁻²³ meŋ⁵⁵/ [Sinological-IPA, Teochew], /kʰu̯ən⁵⁵ miŋ³⁵/, /kʷʰɐn⁵⁵ mɪŋ²¹/, /kun²⁴ min¹¹/, /kʰun⁴⁴⁻³⁵ min¹¹/, /kʰouŋ⁵⁵ miŋ⁵³/, /kʰun⁴⁴⁻²² biɪŋ²⁴/, /kʰun³³ biɪŋ²⁴/, /kʰun⁴⁴⁻²² biɪŋ¹³/, /kʰun⁴⁴⁻³³ biɪŋ²⁴/, /kʰun⁴⁴⁻³³ biɪŋ²³/, /kʰuŋ³³⁻²³ meŋ⁵⁵/, /kʰuən⁵⁵ min²¹/ Chinese transliterations: Kūnmíng [Mandarin, Pinyin], ㄎㄨㄣ ㄇㄧㄥˊ [Mandarin, bopomofo], kwan¹ ming⁴ [Cantonese, Jyutping], Kûn-mìn [Hakka, PFS, Sixian], kun¹ min² [Guangdong, Hakka, Meixian], Kŏng-mìng, Khun-bêng [Hokkien, POJ], kung¹ mêng⁵ [Peng'im, Teochew], ¹khuen-min, Kūnmíng [Hanyu-Pinyin, Mandarin], Kunmíng [Mandarin, Tongyong-Pinyin], Kʻun¹-ming² [Mandarin, Wade-Giles], Kwūn-míng [Mandarin, Yale], Kuenming [Gwoyeu-Romatsyh, Mandarin], Куньмин [Mandarin, Palladius], Kunʹmin [Mandarin, Palladius], kwān mìhng [Cantonese, Yale], kwan¹ ming⁴ [Cantonese, Pinyin], kuen¹ ming⁴ [Cantonese, Guangdong-Romanization], Kûn-mìn [Hakka, Meinong, Miaoli, Phak-fa-su, Sixian], gun´ minˇ [Hakka, Hakka-Romanization-System, Meinong, Miaoli, Sixian], gun¹ min² [Hagfa-Pinyim, Hakka, Meinong, Miaoli, Sixian], Kŏng-mìng [Foochow-Romanized, Fuzhou], Khun-bîng [Hokkien, Tai-lo], qunbeeng [Hokkien, Phofsit-Daibuun], khung mêng [POJ, Teochew], ¹khuen-min [Wu], khuen^平 min [Wu], ¹khun-min [Wu], /kʰuən⁵⁵ min²¹/ [Wu]
Etymology: Originally the endonym of an ethnic group living in what is now western Yunnan province and southwestern Sichuan province. Head templates: {{head|zh|proper noun}} 昆明
  1. (~市) Kunming (a prefecture-level city, the provincial capital of Yunnan, in southwestern China) Categories (place): Cities in China, Cities in Yunnan, Kunming, Places in China, Places in Yunnan Derived forms: 昆明劫灰, 昆明山海棠 (Kūnmíng shānhǎitáng), 昆明池, 昆明湖 (Kūnmíng Hú), 昆明灰
    Sense id: en-昆明-zh-name-NviAkU1M Categories (other): Chinese entries with incorrect language header, Provincial capitals of China

Alternative forms

Download JSON data for 昆明 meaning in Chinese (8.1kB)

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 0,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zh",
            "2": "昆明"
          },
          "expansion": "昆明",
          "name": "lang"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ja",
            "2": "-",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Japanese:",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "昆%明",
            "2": "^こん%めい",
            "gloss": ""
          },
          "expansion": "昆(こん)明(めい) (Konmei)",
          "name": "ja-r"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vi",
            "2": "昆明",
            "sc": "Hani"
          },
          "expansion": "昆明",
          "name": "l"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vi",
            "2": "Côn Minh",
            "bor": "1",
            "t": "",
            "tr": "昆明"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Vietnamese: Côn Minh (昆明)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "昆明",
            "2": "^こん%めい",
            "3": "",
            "4": "Côn Minh",
            "5": "",
            "6": "",
            "h": "昆明",
            "j2": "",
            "j2t": "",
            "j3": "",
            "j3t": "",
            "j4": "",
            "j4t": "",
            "jdesc": "",
            "jje2": "",
            "jje2t": "",
            "jje3": "",
            "jje3t": "",
            "jje4": "",
            "jje4t": "",
            "jjedesc": "",
            "jjet": "",
            "jt": "",
            "k2": "",
            "k2t": "",
            "k3": "",
            "k3t": "",
            "k4": "",
            "k4t": "",
            "kdesc": "",
            "kt": "",
            "o": "昆明",
            "o2": "",
            "o2t": "",
            "o3": "",
            "o3t": "",
            "o4": "",
            "o4t": "",
            "odesc": "",
            "ot": "",
            "s": "昆%明",
            "v": "昆明",
            "v2": "",
            "v2t": "",
            "v3": "",
            "v3t": "",
            "v4": "",
            "v4t": "",
            "vdesc": "",
            "vt": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (昆明):\n* → Japanese: 昆(こん)明(めい) (Konmei)\n* → Vietnamese: Côn Minh (昆明)",
          "name": "CJKV/code"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "",
            "2": "^こん%めい",
            "3": "",
            "4": "Côn Minh",
            "j": "昆%明"
          },
          "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (昆明):\n* → Japanese: 昆(こん)明(めい) (Konmei)\n* → Vietnamese: Côn Minh (昆明)",
          "name": "CJKV"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sino-Xenic (昆明):\n* → Japanese: 昆(こん)明(めい) (Konmei)\n* → Vietnamese: Côn Minh (昆明)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "Kunming",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ English: Kunming",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ English: Kunming"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hu",
            "2": "Kunming",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Hungarian: Kunming",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Hungarian: Kunming"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pt",
            "2": "Kunming",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Portuguese: Kunming",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Portuguese: Kunming"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ru",
            "2": "Куньми́н",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Russian: Куньми́н (Kunʹmín)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Russian: Куньми́н (Kunʹmín)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "es",
            "2": "Kunming",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Spanish: Kunming",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Spanish: Kunming"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Originally the endonym of an ethnic group living in what is now western Yunnan province and southwestern Sichuan province.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "proper noun"
      },
      "expansion": "昆明",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "name",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "place",
          "langcode": "zh",
          "name": "Cities in China",
          "orig": "zh:Cities in China",
          "parents": [
            "Cities",
            "Places",
            "Polities",
            "Names",
            "All topics",
            "Proper nouns",
            "Terms by semantic function",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nouns",
            "Lemmas"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "place",
          "langcode": "zh",
          "name": "Cities in Yunnan",
          "orig": "zh:Cities in Yunnan",
          "parents": [
            "Cities",
            "Places",
            "Polities",
            "Names",
            "All topics",
            "Proper nouns",
            "Terms by semantic function",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nouns",
            "Lemmas"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "place",
          "langcode": "zh",
          "name": "Kunming",
          "orig": "zh:Kunming",
          "parents": [
            "Yunnan",
            "China",
            "Asia",
            "Earth",
            "Eurasia",
            "Nature",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "place",
          "langcode": "zh",
          "name": "Places in China",
          "orig": "zh:Places in China",
          "parents": [
            "Places",
            "Names",
            "All topics",
            "Proper nouns",
            "Terms by semantic function",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nouns",
            "Lemmas"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "place",
          "langcode": "zh",
          "name": "Places in Yunnan",
          "orig": "zh:Places in Yunnan",
          "parents": [
            "Places",
            "Names",
            "All topics",
            "Proper nouns",
            "Terms by semantic function",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nouns",
            "Lemmas"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "zh",
          "name": "Provincial capitals of China",
          "orig": "zh:Provincial capitals of China",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "昆明劫灰"
        },
        {
          "roman": "Kūnmíng shānhǎitáng",
          "word": "昆明山海棠"
        },
        {
          "word": "昆明池"
        },
        {
          "roman": "Kūnmíng Hú",
          "word": "昆明湖"
        },
        {
          "word": "昆明灰"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Kunming (a prefecture-level city, the provincial capital of Yunnan, in southwestern China)"
      ],
      "id": "en-昆明-zh-name-NviAkU1M",
      "links": [
        [
          "市",
          "市#Chinese"
        ],
        [
          "Kunming",
          "Kunming#English"
        ],
        [
          "provincial capital",
          "provincial capital"
        ],
        [
          "Yunnan",
          "Yunnan#English"
        ],
        [
          "China",
          "China#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(~市) Kunming (a prefecture-level city, the provincial capital of Yunnan, in southwestern China)"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Kūnmíng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄎㄨㄣ ㄇㄧㄥˊ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kwan¹ ming⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "PFS",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Kûn-mìn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Guangdong",
        "Hakka",
        "Meixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kun¹ min²"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "Kŏng-mìng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Khun-bêng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Peng'im",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kung¹ mêng⁵"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "¹khuen-min"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Kūnmíng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Kunmíng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Kʻun¹-ming²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Kwūn-míng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Kuenming"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Куньмин"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Kunʹmin"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰu̯ən⁵⁵ miŋ³⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kwān mìhng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kwan¹ ming⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kuen¹ ming⁴"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʷʰɐn⁵⁵ mɪŋ²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Phak-fa-su",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Kûn-mìn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gun´ minˇ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hagfa-Pinyim",
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gun¹ min²"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kun²⁴ min¹¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Sixian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰun⁴⁴⁻³⁵ min¹¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meixian",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Foochow-Romanized",
        "Fuzhou"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Kŏng-mìng"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰouŋ⁵⁵ miŋ⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Fuzhou",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Khun-bîng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "qunbeeng"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰun⁴⁴⁻²² biɪŋ²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰun³³ biɪŋ²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰun⁴⁴⁻²² biɪŋ¹³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰun⁴⁴⁻³³ biɪŋ²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰun⁴⁴⁻³³ biɪŋ²³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "POJ",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "khung mêng"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰuŋ³³⁻²³ meŋ⁵⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Teochew"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "¹khuen-min"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "khuen^平 min"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "¹khun-min"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/kʰuən⁵⁵ min²¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰu̯ən⁵⁵ miŋ³⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʷʰɐn⁵⁵ mɪŋ²¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kun²⁴ min¹¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰun⁴⁴⁻³⁵ min¹¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰouŋ⁵⁵ miŋ⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰun⁴⁴⁻²² biɪŋ²⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰun³³ biɪŋ²⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰun⁴⁴⁻²² biɪŋ¹³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰun⁴⁴⁻³³ biɪŋ²⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰun⁴⁴⁻³³ biɪŋ²³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰuŋ³³⁻²³ meŋ⁵⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰuən⁵⁵ min²¹/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "昆明"
}
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "昆明劫灰"
    },
    {
      "roman": "Kūnmíng shānhǎitáng",
      "word": "昆明山海棠"
    },
    {
      "word": "昆明池"
    },
    {
      "roman": "Kūnmíng Hú",
      "word": "昆明湖"
    },
    {
      "word": "昆明灰"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 0,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zh",
            "2": "昆明"
          },
          "expansion": "昆明",
          "name": "lang"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ja",
            "2": "-",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Japanese:",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "昆%明",
            "2": "^こん%めい",
            "gloss": ""
          },
          "expansion": "昆(こん)明(めい) (Konmei)",
          "name": "ja-r"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vi",
            "2": "昆明",
            "sc": "Hani"
          },
          "expansion": "昆明",
          "name": "l"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vi",
            "2": "Côn Minh",
            "bor": "1",
            "t": "",
            "tr": "昆明"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Vietnamese: Côn Minh (昆明)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "昆明",
            "2": "^こん%めい",
            "3": "",
            "4": "Côn Minh",
            "5": "",
            "6": "",
            "h": "昆明",
            "j2": "",
            "j2t": "",
            "j3": "",
            "j3t": "",
            "j4": "",
            "j4t": "",
            "jdesc": "",
            "jje2": "",
            "jje2t": "",
            "jje3": "",
            "jje3t": "",
            "jje4": "",
            "jje4t": "",
            "jjedesc": "",
            "jjet": "",
            "jt": "",
            "k2": "",
            "k2t": "",
            "k3": "",
            "k3t": "",
            "k4": "",
            "k4t": "",
            "kdesc": "",
            "kt": "",
            "o": "昆明",
            "o2": "",
            "o2t": "",
            "o3": "",
            "o3t": "",
            "o4": "",
            "o4t": "",
            "odesc": "",
            "ot": "",
            "s": "昆%明",
            "v": "昆明",
            "v2": "",
            "v2t": "",
            "v3": "",
            "v3t": "",
            "v4": "",
            "v4t": "",
            "vdesc": "",
            "vt": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (昆明):\n* → Japanese: 昆(こん)明(めい) (Konmei)\n* → Vietnamese: Côn Minh (昆明)",
          "name": "CJKV/code"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "",
            "2": "^こん%めい",
            "3": "",
            "4": "Côn Minh",
            "j": "昆%明"
          },
          "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (昆明):\n* → Japanese: 昆(こん)明(めい) (Konmei)\n* → Vietnamese: Côn Minh (昆明)",
          "name": "CJKV"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sino-Xenic (昆明):\n* → Japanese: 昆(こん)明(めい) (Konmei)\n* → Vietnamese: Côn Minh (昆明)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "Kunming",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ English: Kunming",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ English: Kunming"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hu",
            "2": "Kunming",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Hungarian: Kunming",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Hungarian: Kunming"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pt",
            "2": "Kunming",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Portuguese: Kunming",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Portuguese: Kunming"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ru",
            "2": "Куньми́н",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Russian: Куньми́н (Kunʹmín)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Russian: Куньми́н (Kunʹmín)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "es",
            "2": "Kunming",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Spanish: Kunming",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Spanish: Kunming"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Originally the endonym of an ethnic group living in what is now western Yunnan province and southwestern Sichuan province.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "proper noun"
      },
      "expansion": "昆明",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "name",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Cantonese lemmas",
        "Cantonese proper nouns",
        "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
        "Chinese lemmas",
        "Chinese proper nouns",
        "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Eastern Min lemmas",
        "Eastern Min proper nouns",
        "Hakka lemmas",
        "Hakka proper nouns",
        "Hokkien lemmas",
        "Hokkien proper nouns",
        "Mandarin lemmas",
        "Mandarin proper nouns",
        "Teochew lemmas",
        "Teochew proper nouns",
        "Wu lemmas",
        "Wu proper nouns",
        "zh:Cities in China",
        "zh:Cities in Yunnan",
        "zh:Kunming",
        "zh:Places in China",
        "zh:Places in Yunnan",
        "zh:Provincial capitals of China"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Kunming (a prefecture-level city, the provincial capital of Yunnan, in southwestern China)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "市",
          "市#Chinese"
        ],
        [
          "Kunming",
          "Kunming#English"
        ],
        [
          "provincial capital",
          "provincial capital"
        ],
        [
          "Yunnan",
          "Yunnan#English"
        ],
        [
          "China",
          "China#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(~市) Kunming (a prefecture-level city, the provincial capital of Yunnan, in southwestern China)"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Kūnmíng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄎㄨㄣ ㄇㄧㄥˊ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kwan¹ ming⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "PFS",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Kûn-mìn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Guangdong",
        "Hakka",
        "Meixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kun¹ min²"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "Kŏng-mìng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Khun-bêng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Peng'im",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kung¹ mêng⁵"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "¹khuen-min"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Kūnmíng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Kunmíng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Kʻun¹-ming²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Kwūn-míng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Kuenming"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Куньмин"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Kunʹmin"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰu̯ən⁵⁵ miŋ³⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kwān mìhng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kwan¹ ming⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kuen¹ ming⁴"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʷʰɐn⁵⁵ mɪŋ²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Phak-fa-su",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Kûn-mìn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gun´ minˇ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hagfa-Pinyim",
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gun¹ min²"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kun²⁴ min¹¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Sixian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰun⁴⁴⁻³⁵ min¹¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meixian",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Foochow-Romanized",
        "Fuzhou"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Kŏng-mìng"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰouŋ⁵⁵ miŋ⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Fuzhou",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Khun-bîng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "qunbeeng"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰun⁴⁴⁻²² biɪŋ²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰun³³ biɪŋ²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰun⁴⁴⁻²² biɪŋ¹³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰun⁴⁴⁻³³ biɪŋ²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰun⁴⁴⁻³³ biɪŋ²³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "POJ",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "khung mêng"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰuŋ³³⁻²³ meŋ⁵⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Teochew"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "¹khuen-min"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "khuen^平 min"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "¹khun-min"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/kʰuən⁵⁵ min²¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰu̯ən⁵⁵ miŋ³⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʷʰɐn⁵⁵ mɪŋ²¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kun²⁴ min¹¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰun⁴⁴⁻³⁵ min¹¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰouŋ⁵⁵ miŋ⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰun⁴⁴⁻²² biɪŋ²⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰun³³ biɪŋ²⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰun⁴⁴⁻²² biɪŋ¹³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰun⁴⁴⁻³³ biɪŋ²⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰun⁴⁴⁻³³ biɪŋ²³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰuŋ³³⁻²³ meŋ⁵⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰuən⁵⁵ min²¹/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "昆明"
}
{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
  "path": [
    "昆明"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "昆明",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Shanghai):'",
  "path": [
    "昆明"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "昆明",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wu (Wugniu)'",
  "path": [
    "昆明"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "昆明",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Sinological IPA (Shanghai)'",
  "path": [
    "昆明"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "昆明",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese)⁺'",
  "path": [
    "昆明"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "昆明",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Eastern Min (BUC)'",
  "path": [
    "昆明"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "昆明",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai)'",
  "path": [
    "昆明"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "昆明",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min'",
  "path": [
    "昆明"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "昆明",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'MiniDict'",
  "path": [
    "昆明"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "昆明",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Eastern Min'",
  "path": [
    "昆明"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "昆明",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Northern)'",
  "path": [
    "昆明"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "昆明",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wugniu'",
  "path": [
    "昆明"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "昆明",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
  "msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: ~市",
  "path": [
    "昆明"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "proper noun",
  "title": "昆明",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
  "msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: ~市",
  "path": [
    "昆明"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "proper noun",
  "title": "昆明",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Chinese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (1d5a7d1 and 304864d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.