"天主教會" meaning in Chinese

See 天主教會 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Proper name

IPA: /tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂu²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ xu̯eɪ̯⁵¹/ [Mandarin, Sinological-IPA], /tʰiːn⁵⁵ t͡syː³⁵ kaːu̯³³ wuːi̯²²/ [Cantonese, Sinological-IPA], /tʰiːn⁵⁵ t͡syː³⁵ kaːu̯³³ wuːi̯²²⁻³⁵/ [Cantonese, Sinological-IPA], /tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡su⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kau¹¹⁻⁵³ hue³³/ [Hokkien, Taipei], /tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² t͡su⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kau²¹⁻⁵³ hue²²/ [Hokkien, Xiamen], /tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡su⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kau²¹⁻⁴¹ hue³³/ [Hokkien, Kaohsiung], /tʰiɛn³³ t͡su⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kau⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ hue⁴¹/ [Hokkien, Quanzhou], /tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² t͡si⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kau²¹⁻⁵³ hue²²/ [Hokkien, Zhangzhou], /tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂu²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ xu̯eɪ̯⁵¹/, /tʰiːn⁵⁵ t͡syː³⁵ kaːu̯³³ wuːi̯²²/, /tʰiːn⁵⁵ t͡syː³⁵ kaːu̯³³ wuːi̯²²⁻³⁵/, /tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡su⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kau¹¹⁻⁵³ hue³³/, /tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² t͡su⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kau²¹⁻⁵³ hue²²/, /tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡su⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kau²¹⁻⁴¹ hue³³/, /tʰiɛn³³ t͡su⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kau⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ hue⁴¹/, /tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² t͡si⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kau²¹⁻⁵³ hue²²/ Chinese transliterations: Tiānzhǔ Jiàohuì [Mandarin, Pinyin], ㄊㄧㄢ ㄓㄨˇ ㄐㄧㄠˋ ㄏㄨㄟˋ [Mandarin, bopomofo], tin¹ zyu² gaau³ wui⁶ [Cantonese, Jyutping], tin¹ zyu² gaau³ wui⁶⁻² [Cantonese, Jyutping], Thian-chú-kàu-hōe, Thian-chí-kàu-hōe, Tiānzhǔ Jiàohuì [Hanyu-Pinyin, Mandarin], Tianjhǔ Jiàohuèi [Mandarin, Tongyong-Pinyin], Tʻien¹-chu³ Chiao⁴-hui⁴ [Mandarin, Wade-Giles], Tyān-jǔ Jyàu-hwèi [Mandarin, Yale], Tianjuu Jiawhuey [Gwoyeu-Romatsyh, Mandarin], Тяньчжу Цзяохуэй [Mandarin, Palladius], Tjanʹčžu Czjaoxuej [Mandarin, Palladius], tīn jyú gaau wuih [Cantonese, Yale], tīn jyú gaau wúi [Cantonese, Yale], tin¹ dzy² gaau³ wui⁶ [Cantonese, Pinyin], tin¹ dzy² gaau³ wui⁶⁻² [Cantonese, Pinyin], tin¹ ju² gao³ wui⁶ [Cantonese, Guangdong-Romanization], tin¹ ju² gao³ wui⁶⁻² [Cantonese, Guangdong-Romanization], Thian-chú-kàu-hōe [Hokkien, POJ], Thian-tsú-kàu-huē [Hokkien, Tai-lo], tienzw'kao'hoe [Hokkien, Phofsit-Daibuun], Thian-chí-kàu-hōe [Hokkien, POJ], Thian-tsí-kàu-huē [Hokkien, Tai-lo], tiency'kao'hoe [Hokkien, Phofsit-Daibuun] Forms: 天主教会
Head templates: {{head|zh|proper noun}} 天主教會
  1. the Catholic Church Categories (topical): Catholicism, Organizations Derived forms: 東儀天主教會 (english: Eastern Catholic Church), 东仪天主教会 (english: Eastern Catholic Church)
    Sense id: en-天主教會-zh-name-cWOh2dr4 Categories (other): Chinese entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries
{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "天主教会",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "proper noun"
      },
      "expansion": "天主教會",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "name",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "zh",
          "name": "Catholicism",
          "orig": "zh:Catholicism",
          "parents": [
            "Christianity",
            "Abrahamism",
            "Religion",
            "Culture",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "zh",
          "name": "Organizations",
          "orig": "zh:Organizations",
          "parents": [
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "english": "Eastern Catholic Church",
          "word": "東儀天主教會"
        },
        {
          "english": "Eastern Catholic Church",
          "word": "东仪天主教会"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "the Catholic Church"
      ],
      "id": "en-天主教會-zh-name-cWOh2dr4",
      "links": [
        [
          "Catholic Church",
          "Catholic Church"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Tiānzhǔ Jiàohuì"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄊㄧㄢ ㄓㄨˇ ㄐㄧㄠˋ ㄏㄨㄟˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tin¹ zyu² gaau³ wui⁶"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tin¹ zyu² gaau³ wui⁶⁻²"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "Thian-chú-kàu-hōe"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "Thian-chí-kàu-hōe"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Tiānzhǔ Jiàohuì"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Tianjhǔ Jiàohuèi"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Tʻien¹-chu³ Chiao⁴-hui⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Tyān-jǔ Jyàu-hwèi"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Tianjuu Jiawhuey"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Тяньчжу Цзяохуэй"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Tjanʹčžu Czjaoxuej"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂu²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ xu̯eɪ̯⁵¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tīn jyú gaau wuih"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tīn jyú gaau wúi"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tin¹ dzy² gaau³ wui⁶"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tin¹ dzy² gaau³ wui⁶⁻²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tin¹ ju² gao³ wui⁶"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tin¹ ju² gao³ wui⁶⁻²"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰiːn⁵⁵ t͡syː³⁵ kaːu̯³³ wuːi̯²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰiːn⁵⁵ t͡syː³⁵ kaːu̯³³ wuːi̯²²⁻³⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Thian-chú-kàu-hōe"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Thian-tsú-kàu-huē"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tienzw'kao'hoe"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡su⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kau¹¹⁻⁵³ hue³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² t͡su⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kau²¹⁻⁵³ hue²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡su⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kau²¹⁻⁴¹ hue³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰiɛn³³ t͡su⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kau⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ hue⁴¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Thian-chí-kàu-hōe"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Thian-tsí-kàu-huē"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tiency'kao'hoe"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² t͡si⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kau²¹⁻⁵³ hue²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂu²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ xu̯eɪ̯⁵¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰiːn⁵⁵ t͡syː³⁵ kaːu̯³³ wuːi̯²²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰiːn⁵⁵ t͡syː³⁵ kaːu̯³³ wuːi̯²²⁻³⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡su⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kau¹¹⁻⁵³ hue³³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² t͡su⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kau²¹⁻⁵³ hue²²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡su⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kau²¹⁻⁴¹ hue³³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰiɛn³³ t͡su⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kau⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ hue⁴¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² t͡si⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kau²¹⁻⁵³ hue²²/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "天主教會"
}
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "english": "Eastern Catholic Church",
      "word": "東儀天主教會"
    },
    {
      "english": "Eastern Catholic Church",
      "word": "东仪天主教会"
    }
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "天主教会",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "proper noun"
      },
      "expansion": "天主教會",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "name",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Cantonese lemmas",
        "Cantonese proper nouns",
        "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
        "Chinese lemmas",
        "Chinese proper nouns",
        "Chinese terms spelled with 主",
        "Chinese terms spelled with 天",
        "Chinese terms spelled with 教",
        "Chinese terms spelled with 會",
        "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Hokkien lemmas",
        "Hokkien proper nouns",
        "Mandarin lemmas",
        "Mandarin proper nouns",
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries",
        "zh:Catholicism",
        "zh:Organizations"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "the Catholic Church"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Catholic Church",
          "Catholic Church"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Tiānzhǔ Jiàohuì"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄊㄧㄢ ㄓㄨˇ ㄐㄧㄠˋ ㄏㄨㄟˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tin¹ zyu² gaau³ wui⁶"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tin¹ zyu² gaau³ wui⁶⁻²"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "Thian-chú-kàu-hōe"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "Thian-chí-kàu-hōe"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Tiānzhǔ Jiàohuì"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Tianjhǔ Jiàohuèi"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Tʻien¹-chu³ Chiao⁴-hui⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Tyān-jǔ Jyàu-hwèi"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Tianjuu Jiawhuey"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Тяньчжу Цзяохуэй"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Tjanʹčžu Czjaoxuej"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂu²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ xu̯eɪ̯⁵¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tīn jyú gaau wuih"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tīn jyú gaau wúi"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tin¹ dzy² gaau³ wui⁶"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tin¹ dzy² gaau³ wui⁶⁻²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tin¹ ju² gao³ wui⁶"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tin¹ ju² gao³ wui⁶⁻²"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰiːn⁵⁵ t͡syː³⁵ kaːu̯³³ wuːi̯²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰiːn⁵⁵ t͡syː³⁵ kaːu̯³³ wuːi̯²²⁻³⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Thian-chú-kàu-hōe"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Thian-tsú-kàu-huē"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tienzw'kao'hoe"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡su⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kau¹¹⁻⁵³ hue³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² t͡su⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kau²¹⁻⁵³ hue²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡su⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kau²¹⁻⁴¹ hue³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰiɛn³³ t͡su⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kau⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ hue⁴¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Thian-chí-kàu-hōe"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Thian-tsí-kàu-huē"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tiency'kao'hoe"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² t͡si⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kau²¹⁻⁵³ hue²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂu²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ xu̯eɪ̯⁵¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰiːn⁵⁵ t͡syː³⁵ kaːu̯³³ wuːi̯²²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰiːn⁵⁵ t͡syː³⁵ kaːu̯³³ wuːi̯²²⁻³⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡su⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kau¹¹⁻⁵³ hue³³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² t͡su⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kau²¹⁻⁵³ hue²²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡su⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kau²¹⁻⁴¹ hue³³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰiɛn³³ t͡su⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kau⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ hue⁴¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² t͡si⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kau²¹⁻⁵³ hue²²/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "天主教會"
}

Download raw JSONL data for 天主教會 meaning in Chinese (4.3kB)

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
  "path": [
    "天主教會"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "天主教會",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min'",
  "path": [
    "天主教會"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "天主教會",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese)⁺'",
  "path": [
    "天主教會"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "天主教會",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ)'",
  "path": [
    "天主教會"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "天主教會",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Chinese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.