See 土 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for 土 meaning in Chinese (30.8kB)
{
"antonyms": [
{
"roman": "yáng",
"sense": "indigenous",
"word": "洋"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "sānhétǔ",
"word": "三合土"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "三和土"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "Wǔfēng Tǔjiāzú Zìzhìxiàn",
"word": "五峰土家族自治縣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "Wǔfēng Tǔjiāzú Zìzhìxiàn",
"word": "五峰土家族自治县"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "冥土"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "Běiměi tǔbōshǔ",
"word": "北美土撥鼠"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "Běiměi tǔbōshǔ",
"word": "北美土拨鼠"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "hòutǔ",
"word": "后土"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tǔrén",
"word": "土人"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "土俗"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tǔ'ǒu",
"word": "土偶"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tǔbāozi",
"word": "土包子"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tǔfěi",
"word": "土匪"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "土名"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tǔhāi",
"word": "土嗨"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tǔqì",
"word": "土器"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "土國"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "土国"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "土地"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tǔdìmiào",
"word": "土地廟"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tǔdìmiào",
"word": "土地庙"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tǔdì gǎigé",
"word": "土地改革"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tǔkǎn",
"word": "土坎"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "土坎兒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "土坎儿"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tǔpī",
"word": "土坯"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "土坡"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "土坡兒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "土坡儿"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tǔchéng",
"word": "土城"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "Tǔchéngyuàn",
"word": "土城垸"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tǔgěng",
"word": "土埂"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "土塊"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "土块"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "土壘"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "土垒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tǔrǎng",
"word": "土壤"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "土壩"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "土坝"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "Tǔjiāzú",
"word": "土家族"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tǔzhuānjiā",
"word": "土專家"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tǔzhuānjiā",
"word": "土专家"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tǔbī",
"word": "土屄"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tǔgǎng",
"word": "土崗"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tǔgǎng",
"word": "土岗"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tǔbēngwǎjiě",
"word": "土崩瓦解"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "土巴佬"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tǔbù",
"word": "土布"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "Tǔkùmàn",
"word": "土庫曼"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "Tǔkùmàn",
"word": "土库曼"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "Tǔkùmànsītǎn",
"word": "土庫曼斯坦"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "Tǔkùmànsītǎn",
"word": "土库曼斯坦"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "土建"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "土得掉渣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "土性"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "土房"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tǔbōshǔ",
"word": "土撥鼠"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tǔbōshǔ",
"word": "土拨鼠"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "Tǔbōshǔ Rì",
"word": "土撥鼠日"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "Tǔbōshǔ Rì",
"word": "土拨鼠日"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tǔgǎi",
"word": "土改"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "土政策"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tǔfāng",
"word": "土方"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "土方兒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "土方儿"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "Tǔzú",
"word": "土族"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "Tǔxīng",
"word": "土星"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tǔmù",
"word": "土木"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "土木之變"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "土木之变"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "土木堡"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tǔmù gōngchéng",
"word": "土木工程"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "土木形骸"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "土模"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tǔqì",
"word": "土氣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tǔqì",
"word": "土气"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tǔfǎ",
"word": "土法"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "土洋結合"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "土洋结合"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tǔwēn",
"word": "土溫"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tǔwēn",
"word": "土温"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "Tǔ'ào",
"word": "土澳"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tǔpào",
"word": "土炮"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tǔqiáng",
"word": "土牆"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tǔqiáng",
"word": "土墙"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "土牛木馬"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "土牛木马"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "土牢"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tǔwù",
"word": "土物"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tǔtèchǎn",
"word": "土特產"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tǔtèchǎn",
"word": "土特产"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tǔshēngtǔzhǎng",
"word": "土生土長"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tǔshēngtǔzhǎng",
"word": "土生土长"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tǔchǎn",
"word": "土產"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tǔchǎn",
"word": "土产"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "土疙瘩"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tǔhuángdì",
"word": "土皇帝"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "土石方"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "土笛"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "土糞"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "土粪"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "土紙"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "土纸"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "土老帽"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "土老帽兒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "土老帽儿"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "土老財"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "土老财"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "Tǔ'ěrqí",
"word": "土耳其"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "Tǔ'ěrqírén",
"word": "土耳其人"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tǔ'ěrqíwén",
"word": "土耳其文"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tǔ'ěrqíyǔ",
"word": "土耳其語"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tǔ'ěrqíyǔ",
"word": "土耳其语"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tǔféi",
"word": "土肥"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tǔxīngqì",
"word": "土腥氣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tǔxīngqì",
"word": "土腥气"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "土色"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "土著"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tǔzàng",
"word": "土葬"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tǔlitǔqì",
"word": "土裡土氣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tǔlitǔqì",
"word": "土里土气"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tǔhuà",
"word": "土話"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tǔhuà",
"word": "土话"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tǔyǔ",
"word": "土語"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tǔyǔ",
"word": "土语"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tǔdòu",
"word": "土豆"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tǔdòur",
"word": "土豆兒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tǔdòur",
"word": "土豆儿"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tǔdòuní",
"word": "土豆泥"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tǔháo",
"word": "土豪"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "土財主"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "土财主"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tǔhuò",
"word": "土貨"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tǔhuò",
"word": "土货"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tǔzhì",
"word": "土質"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tǔzhì",
"word": "土质"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tǔzào",
"word": "土造"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "土道"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "土門"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "土门"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "Tǔguānyà",
"word": "土關埡"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "Tǔguānyà",
"word": "土关垭"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "土階茅茨"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "土阶茅茨"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tǔjī",
"word": "土雞"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tǔjī",
"word": "土鸡"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "土雞國"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "土鸡国"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "土雞蛋"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "土鸡蛋"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "土霸王"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tǔyīn",
"word": "土音"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tǔtóutǔnǎo",
"word": "土頭土腦"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tǔtóutǔnǎo",
"word": "土头土脑"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tǔbiē",
"word": "土鱉"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tǔbiē",
"word": "土鳖"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tǔhuáng",
"word": "土黃"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tǔhuáng",
"word": "土黄"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "chéntǔ",
"word": "塵土"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "chéntǔ",
"word": "尘土"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "chénguīchén, tǔguītǔ",
"word": "塵歸塵，土歸土／尘归尘，土归土"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "Ēnshī Tǔjiāzú Miáozú Zìzhìzhōu",
"word": "恩施土家族苗族自治州"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "wātǔjī",
"word": "挖土機"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "wātǔjī",
"word": "挖土机"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "juétǔjī",
"word": "掘土機"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "juétǔjī",
"word": "掘土机"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tuītǔjī",
"word": "推土機"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tuītǔjī",
"word": "推土机"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gùtǔ",
"word": "故土"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gùtǔnánlí",
"word": "故土難離"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gùtǔnánlí",
"word": "故土难离"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "Rìtǔ",
"word": "日土"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "有土栽培"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "běntǔ",
"word": "本土"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "lètǔ",
"word": "樂土"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "lètǔ",
"word": "乐土"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "shuǐtǔ",
"word": "水土"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "水土不伏"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "shuǐtǔbùfú",
"word": "水土不服"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "shuǐtǔ bǎochí",
"word": "水土保持"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "shuǐtǔ liúshī",
"word": "水土流失"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "wòtǔ",
"word": "沃土"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "nítǔ",
"word": "泥土"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "混凝土"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "jìngtǔ",
"word": "淨土"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "jìngtǔ",
"word": "净土"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "無土栽培"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "无土栽培"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "hóngtǔ",
"word": "紅土"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "hóngtǔ",
"word": "红土"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "lǎotǔ",
"word": "老土"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "pî-thó͘",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan"
],
"word": "脾土"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "Chìtǔ",
"word": "赤土"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "chǎntǔjī",
"word": "鏟土機"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "chǎntǔjī",
"word": "铲土机"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "táotǔ",
"word": "陶土"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "Huángtǔgǎng",
"word": "黃土崗"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "Huángtǔgǎng",
"word": "黄土岗"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "niántǔ",
"word": "黏土"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "aav-pro",
"2": "*tiʔ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Austroasiatic *tiʔ",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mkh-mnc-pro",
"2": "*tiiʔ",
"3": "",
"4": "soil; ground consisting of earth"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Monic *tiiʔ (“soil; ground consisting of earth”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ssm",
"2": "tɛʔ",
"3": "",
"4": "soil; earth"
},
"expansion": "Semnam tɛʔ (“soil; earth”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Schuessler, 2007"
},
"expansion": "Schuessler, 2007",
"name": "zh-ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "社",
"2": "god of soil; altar to god of soil"
},
"expansion": "社 (OC *ɦljaːʔ, “god of soil; altar to god of soil”)",
"name": "och-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "There is no obvious cognate and etymology, unless it may be related to Proto-Austroasiatic *tiʔ (Proto-Monic *tiiʔ (“soil; ground consisting of earth”), Semnam tɛʔ (“soil; earth”)). However, this would require the assumption of a shift from front vowel to Old Chinese *a (Schuessler, 2007).\nProbably related to 社 (OC *ɦljaːʔ, “god of soil; altar to god of soil”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "hanzi"
},
"expansion": "土",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "mound; hillock",
"roman": "tǔduī",
"text": "土堆",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "The soil here is quite fertile.",
"roman": "Zhèr de tǔ gòu féi de.",
"text": "這兒的土夠肥的。／这儿的土够肥的。",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"earth; soil"
],
"id": "en-土-zh-character-Xoy3mWZC",
"links": [
[
"earth",
"earth"
],
[
"soil",
"soil"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"dust"
],
"id": "en-土-zh-character-q7MnARF9",
"links": [
[
"dust",
"dust"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dialectal) dust"
],
"tags": [
"dialectal"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "territory",
"roman": "guótǔ",
"text": "國土／国土",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to not give up a single inch of one's territory",
"roman": "cùntǔbùràng",
"text": "寸土不讓／寸土不让",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Under the wide heaven,\nAll is the king's land.",
"ref": "溥天之下，莫非王土。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad. and simp.]",
"text": "From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11ᵗʰ – 7ᵗʰ centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version\nPǔtiān zhī xià, mòfēi wángtǔ. [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"land"
],
"id": "en-土-zh-character-kOrmNIfK",
"links": [
[
"land",
"land"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tǔdì",
"sense": "land",
"word": "土地"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0 0 13 1 2 9 4 14 3 7 1 0 8 5 0 4 1 2 1 2 1 5 7 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with raw sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "crude opium",
"roman": "yāntǔ",
"text": "煙土／烟土",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"crude opium"
],
"id": "en-土-zh-character-wnf-r5Tj",
"links": [
[
"crude",
"crude"
],
[
"opium",
"opium"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "native land; native place",
"roman": "gùtǔ",
"text": "故土",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hometown; native place"
],
"id": "en-土-zh-character-6iDADNAC",
"links": [
[
"hometown",
"hometown"
],
[
"native",
"native"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "aboriginal",
"roman": "tǔzhù",
"text": "土著",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "local dialect",
"roman": "tǔhuà",
"text": "土話／土话",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"local; native; indigenous"
],
"id": "en-土-zh-character-rqJrdIb5",
"links": [
[
"local",
"local"
],
[
"native",
"native"
],
[
"indigenous",
"indigenous"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I think that Northeastern Mandarin is too rustic.",
"ref": "我覺得東北話實在太土了。 [MSC, trad.]",
"text": "我觉得东北话实在太土了。 [MSC, simp.]\nWǒ juéde dōngběihuà shízài tài tǔ le. [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"rustic; unsophisticated; uncouth; vulgar; tasteless; uncultured"
],
"id": "en-土-zh-character-lFmwiJEB",
"links": [
[
"rustic",
"rustic"
],
[
"unsophisticated",
"unsophisticated"
],
[
"uncouth",
"uncouth"
],
[
"vulgar",
"vulgar"
],
[
"tasteless",
"tasteless"
],
[
"uncultured",
"uncultured"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "traditional method used by the common people; indigenous method",
"roman": "tǔfǎ",
"text": "土法",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "gun manufactured using indigenous methods",
"roman": "tǔ qiāng",
"text": "土槍／土枪",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"indigenous; traditional and used by the common people"
],
"id": "en-土-zh-character-Dgena7~P",
"links": [
[
"indigenous",
"indigenous"
],
[
"traditional",
"traditional"
],
[
"common",
"common"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0 0 3 1 1 28 4 46 2 12 2 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 0 13 1 2 9 4 14 3 7 1 0 8 5 0 4 1 2 1 2 1 5 7 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with raw sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"the Tu ethnic group; Monguor people; White Mongol"
],
"id": "en-土-zh-character-Gva3VL1V",
"links": [
[
"～族",
"土族#Chinese"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(～族) the Tu ethnic group; Monguor people; White Mongol"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "Tǔ'ěrqí, “Turkey”",
"word": "土耳其"
}
],
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "俄土戰爭／俄土战争 ― É Tǔ zhànzhēng ― Russo-Turkish War",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Short for 土耳其 (Tǔ'ěrqí, “Turkey”)."
],
"id": "en-土-zh-character-EIkOVdOe",
"links": [
[
"土耳其",
"土耳其#Chinese"
],
[
"Turkey",
"Turkey"
]
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese surnames",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a surname"
],
"id": "en-土-zh-character-v2O7m9sM",
"links": [
[
"surname",
"surname"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "tǔ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "tu³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄊㄨˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"Sichuanese"
],
"zh-pron": "tu³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "тў"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "tw"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "II"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "tou²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Taishan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "hu²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "tu³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"PFS",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "thú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Guangdong",
"Hakka",
"Meixian"
],
"zh-pron": "tu³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "tu²"
},
{
"tags": [],
"zh-pron": "tǔ"
},
{
"tags": [],
"zh-pron": "tù"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "thó͘"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "tou²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "dou⁶"
},
{
"tags": [],
"zh-pron": "⁵thu"
},
{
"tags": [],
"zh-pron": "tou³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "tǔ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄊㄨˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "tǔ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "tʻu³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "tǔ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "tuu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "ту"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "tu"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰu²¹⁴/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Latinxua-Sin-Wenz",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "tu"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰu⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰu⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "tou²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "tóu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "tou²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "tou²"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰou̯³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Taicheng",
"Taishanese",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "hu²"
},
{
"ipa": "/hu⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Taicheng",
"Taishanese"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "tu³"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰu²¹³/",
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "thú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "tu`"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "tu³"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰu³¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰu³¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meixian",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Taiyuan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "tu²"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰxu⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Taiyuan"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Jian'ou",
"Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized"
],
"zh-pron": "tǔ"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰu²¹/",
"tags": [
"Jian'ou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Fuzhou"
],
"zh-pron": "tù"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰu⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Fuzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "thóo"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "tor"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰɔ⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰɔ⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰɔ⁵⁵⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Jinjiang",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "thóu"
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "tŏu"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰou⁵²/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tou³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "⁵thu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "thu^去"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "²thu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "/tʰu³⁴/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Changsha",
"Wiktionary-specific",
"Xiang"
],
"zh-pron": "tou³"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰə̹u̯⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Changsha",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Xiang"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "thuX"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*tʰˤaʔ/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*l̥ʰaːʔ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰu²¹⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰu⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰu⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰou̯³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/hu⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰu²¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰu³¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰu³¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰxu⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰu²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰu⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰɔ⁴¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰɔ⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰɔ⁵⁵⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰou⁵²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tou³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰu³⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰə̹u̯⁴¹/"
},
{
"other": "/*tʰˤaʔ/"
},
{
"other": "/*l̥ʰaːʔ/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "jiāxiāng",
"word": "家鄉"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "jiāxiāng",
"word": "家乡"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gùguó",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "故國"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gùguó",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "故国"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gùyuán",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "故園"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gùyuán",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "故园"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gùtǔ",
"word": "故土"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gùxiāng",
"word": "故鄉"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gùxiāng",
"word": "故乡"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gùlǐ",
"word": "故里"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "lǎojiā",
"word": "老家"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Hakka"
],
"word": "老屋"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "xiāngxia",
"word": "鄉下"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "xiāngxia",
"word": "乡下"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "xiāngtǔ",
"word": "鄉土"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "xiāngtǔ",
"word": "乡土"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "xiāngzǐ",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "鄉梓"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "xiāngzǐ",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "乡梓"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "xiāngguān",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "鄉關"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "xiāngguān",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "乡关"
}
],
"word": "土"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "hanzi"
},
"expansion": "土",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "dù, “root”",
"word": "杜"
}
],
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Before the sky was dark with rain,\nI gathered the roots of the mulberry tree,\nAnd bound round and round my window and door.",
"ref": "迨天之未陰雨、徹彼桑土、綢繆牖戶。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]",
"text": "迨天之未阴雨、彻彼桑土、绸缪牖户。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]\nFrom: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11ᵗʰ – 7ᵗʰ centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version\nDài tiān zhī wèi yīnyǔ, chè bǐ sāngdù, chóumóu yǒuhù. [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of 杜 (dù, “root”)"
],
"id": "en-土-zh-character-VSt2CjnZ",
"links": [
[
"杜",
"杜#Chinese"
],
[
"root",
"root"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Rivers",
"orig": "zh:Rivers",
"parents": [
"Bodies of water",
"Places",
"Landforms",
"Water",
"Names",
"Earth",
"Liquids",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Nature",
"Matter",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Chemistry",
"Lemmas",
"Sciences"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An ancient river"
],
"id": "en-土-zh-character-8lFVEPfi",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "dù"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "du⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄉㄨˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "dù"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "dù"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "tu⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "dù"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "duh"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "ду"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "du"
},
{
"ipa": "/tu⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "duX"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*l'aːʔ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tu⁵¹/"
},
{
"other": "/*l'aːʔ/"
}
],
"word": "土"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "hanzi"
},
"expansion": "土",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Only used in 土苴 (chǎzhǎ)."
],
"id": "en-土-zh-character-00EqDBw0",
"links": [
[
"土苴",
"土苴#Chinese"
]
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "chǎ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "cha³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄔㄚˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "chǎ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "chǎ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "chʻa³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "chǎ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "chaa"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "ча"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "ča"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʈ͡ʂʰä²¹⁴/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʈ͡ʂʰä²¹⁴/"
}
],
"word": "土"
}
{
"etymology_number": 4,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "hanzi"
},
"expansion": "土",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Only used in 土門／土门 (Túmén)."
],
"id": "en-土-zh-character-nwSsg7NL",
"links": [
[
"土門",
"土門#Chinese"
],
[
"土门",
"土门#Chinese"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "tú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "tu²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄊㄨˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "tú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "tú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "tʻu²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "tú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "twu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "ту"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "tu"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰu³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰu³⁵/"
}
],
"word": "土"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"roman": "yáng",
"sense": "indigenous",
"word": "洋"
}
],
"categories": [
"Chinese Han characters",
"Chinese adjectives",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese nouns",
"Chinese proper nouns",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Eastern Min adjectives",
"Eastern Min lemmas",
"Eastern Min nouns",
"Eastern Min proper nouns",
"Middle Chinese lemmas",
"Northern Min adjectives",
"Northern Min lemmas",
"Northern Min nouns",
"Northern Min proper nouns",
"Old Chinese lemmas",
"Pages with raw sortkeys"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "sānhétǔ",
"word": "三合土"
},
{
"word": "三和土"
},
{
"roman": "Wǔfēng Tǔjiāzú Zìzhìxiàn",
"word": "五峰土家族自治縣"
},
{
"roman": "Wǔfēng Tǔjiāzú Zìzhìxiàn",
"word": "五峰土家族自治县"
},
{
"word": "冥土"
},
{
"roman": "Běiměi tǔbōshǔ",
"word": "北美土撥鼠"
},
{
"roman": "Běiměi tǔbōshǔ",
"word": "北美土拨鼠"
},
{
"roman": "hòutǔ",
"word": "后土"
},
{
"roman": "tǔrén",
"word": "土人"
},
{
"word": "土俗"
},
{
"roman": "tǔ'ǒu",
"word": "土偶"
},
{
"roman": "tǔbāozi",
"word": "土包子"
},
{
"roman": "tǔfěi",
"word": "土匪"
},
{
"word": "土名"
},
{
"roman": "tǔhāi",
"word": "土嗨"
},
{
"roman": "tǔqì",
"word": "土器"
},
{
"word": "土國"
},
{
"word": "土国"
},
{
"word": "土地"
},
{
"roman": "tǔdìmiào",
"word": "土地廟"
},
{
"roman": "tǔdìmiào",
"word": "土地庙"
},
{
"roman": "tǔdì gǎigé",
"word": "土地改革"
},
{
"roman": "tǔkǎn",
"word": "土坎"
},
{
"word": "土坎兒"
},
{
"word": "土坎儿"
},
{
"roman": "tǔpī",
"word": "土坯"
},
{
"word": "土坡"
},
{
"word": "土坡兒"
},
{
"word": "土坡儿"
},
{
"roman": "tǔchéng",
"word": "土城"
},
{
"roman": "Tǔchéngyuàn",
"word": "土城垸"
},
{
"roman": "tǔgěng",
"word": "土埂"
},
{
"word": "土塊"
},
{
"word": "土块"
},
{
"word": "土壘"
},
{
"word": "土垒"
},
{
"roman": "tǔrǎng",
"word": "土壤"
},
{
"word": "土壩"
},
{
"word": "土坝"
},
{
"roman": "Tǔjiāzú",
"word": "土家族"
},
{
"roman": "tǔzhuānjiā",
"word": "土專家"
},
{
"roman": "tǔzhuānjiā",
"word": "土专家"
},
{
"roman": "tǔbī",
"word": "土屄"
},
{
"roman": "tǔgǎng",
"word": "土崗"
},
{
"roman": "tǔgǎng",
"word": "土岗"
},
{
"roman": "tǔbēngwǎjiě",
"word": "土崩瓦解"
},
{
"word": "土巴佬"
},
{
"roman": "tǔbù",
"word": "土布"
},
{
"roman": "Tǔkùmàn",
"word": "土庫曼"
},
{
"roman": "Tǔkùmàn",
"word": "土库曼"
},
{
"roman": "Tǔkùmànsītǎn",
"word": "土庫曼斯坦"
},
{
"roman": "Tǔkùmànsītǎn",
"word": "土库曼斯坦"
},
{
"word": "土建"
},
{
"word": "土得掉渣"
},
{
"word": "土性"
},
{
"word": "土房"
},
{
"roman": "tǔbōshǔ",
"word": "土撥鼠"
},
{
"roman": "tǔbōshǔ",
"word": "土拨鼠"
},
{
"roman": "Tǔbōshǔ Rì",
"word": "土撥鼠日"
},
{
"roman": "Tǔbōshǔ Rì",
"word": "土拨鼠日"
},
{
"roman": "tǔgǎi",
"word": "土改"
},
{
"word": "土政策"
},
{
"roman": "tǔfāng",
"word": "土方"
},
{
"word": "土方兒"
},
{
"word": "土方儿"
},
{
"roman": "Tǔzú",
"word": "土族"
},
{
"roman": "Tǔxīng",
"word": "土星"
},
{
"roman": "tǔmù",
"word": "土木"
},
{
"word": "土木之變"
},
{
"word": "土木之变"
},
{
"word": "土木堡"
},
{
"roman": "tǔmù gōngchéng",
"word": "土木工程"
},
{
"word": "土木形骸"
},
{
"word": "土模"
},
{
"roman": "tǔqì",
"word": "土氣"
},
{
"roman": "tǔqì",
"word": "土气"
},
{
"roman": "tǔfǎ",
"word": "土法"
},
{
"word": "土洋結合"
},
{
"word": "土洋结合"
},
{
"roman": "tǔwēn",
"word": "土溫"
},
{
"roman": "tǔwēn",
"word": "土温"
},
{
"roman": "Tǔ'ào",
"word": "土澳"
},
{
"roman": "tǔpào",
"word": "土炮"
},
{
"roman": "tǔqiáng",
"word": "土牆"
},
{
"roman": "tǔqiáng",
"word": "土墙"
},
{
"word": "土牛木馬"
},
{
"word": "土牛木马"
},
{
"word": "土牢"
},
{
"roman": "tǔwù",
"word": "土物"
},
{
"roman": "tǔtèchǎn",
"word": "土特產"
},
{
"roman": "tǔtèchǎn",
"word": "土特产"
},
{
"roman": "tǔshēngtǔzhǎng",
"word": "土生土長"
},
{
"roman": "tǔshēngtǔzhǎng",
"word": "土生土长"
},
{
"roman": "tǔchǎn",
"word": "土產"
},
{
"roman": "tǔchǎn",
"word": "土产"
},
{
"word": "土疙瘩"
},
{
"roman": "tǔhuángdì",
"word": "土皇帝"
},
{
"word": "土石方"
},
{
"word": "土笛"
},
{
"word": "土糞"
},
{
"word": "土粪"
},
{
"word": "土紙"
},
{
"word": "土纸"
},
{
"word": "土老帽"
},
{
"word": "土老帽兒"
},
{
"word": "土老帽儿"
},
{
"word": "土老財"
},
{
"word": "土老财"
},
{
"roman": "Tǔ'ěrqí",
"word": "土耳其"
},
{
"roman": "Tǔ'ěrqírén",
"word": "土耳其人"
},
{
"roman": "tǔ'ěrqíwén",
"word": "土耳其文"
},
{
"roman": "tǔ'ěrqíyǔ",
"word": "土耳其語"
},
{
"roman": "tǔ'ěrqíyǔ",
"word": "土耳其语"
},
{
"roman": "tǔféi",
"word": "土肥"
},
{
"roman": "tǔxīngqì",
"word": "土腥氣"
},
{
"roman": "tǔxīngqì",
"word": "土腥气"
},
{
"word": "土色"
},
{
"word": "土著"
},
{
"roman": "tǔzàng",
"word": "土葬"
},
{
"roman": "tǔlitǔqì",
"word": "土裡土氣"
},
{
"roman": "tǔlitǔqì",
"word": "土里土气"
},
{
"roman": "tǔhuà",
"word": "土話"
},
{
"roman": "tǔhuà",
"word": "土话"
},
{
"roman": "tǔyǔ",
"word": "土語"
},
{
"roman": "tǔyǔ",
"word": "土语"
},
{
"roman": "tǔdòu",
"word": "土豆"
},
{
"roman": "tǔdòur",
"word": "土豆兒"
},
{
"roman": "tǔdòur",
"word": "土豆儿"
},
{
"roman": "tǔdòuní",
"word": "土豆泥"
},
{
"roman": "tǔháo",
"word": "土豪"
},
{
"word": "土財主"
},
{
"word": "土财主"
},
{
"roman": "tǔhuò",
"word": "土貨"
},
{
"roman": "tǔhuò",
"word": "土货"
},
{
"roman": "tǔzhì",
"word": "土質"
},
{
"roman": "tǔzhì",
"word": "土质"
},
{
"roman": "tǔzào",
"word": "土造"
},
{
"word": "土道"
},
{
"word": "土門"
},
{
"word": "土门"
},
{
"roman": "Tǔguānyà",
"word": "土關埡"
},
{
"roman": "Tǔguānyà",
"word": "土关垭"
},
{
"word": "土階茅茨"
},
{
"word": "土阶茅茨"
},
{
"roman": "tǔjī",
"word": "土雞"
},
{
"roman": "tǔjī",
"word": "土鸡"
},
{
"word": "土雞國"
},
{
"word": "土鸡国"
},
{
"word": "土雞蛋"
},
{
"word": "土鸡蛋"
},
{
"word": "土霸王"
},
{
"roman": "tǔyīn",
"word": "土音"
},
{
"roman": "tǔtóutǔnǎo",
"word": "土頭土腦"
},
{
"roman": "tǔtóutǔnǎo",
"word": "土头土脑"
},
{
"roman": "tǔbiē",
"word": "土鱉"
},
{
"roman": "tǔbiē",
"word": "土鳖"
},
{
"roman": "tǔhuáng",
"word": "土黃"
},
{
"roman": "tǔhuáng",
"word": "土黄"
},
{
"roman": "chéntǔ",
"word": "塵土"
},
{
"roman": "chéntǔ",
"word": "尘土"
},
{
"roman": "chénguīchén, tǔguītǔ",
"word": "塵歸塵，土歸土／尘归尘，土归土"
},
{
"roman": "Ēnshī Tǔjiāzú Miáozú Zìzhìzhōu",
"word": "恩施土家族苗族自治州"
},
{
"roman": "wātǔjī",
"word": "挖土機"
},
{
"roman": "wātǔjī",
"word": "挖土机"
},
{
"roman": "juétǔjī",
"word": "掘土機"
},
{
"roman": "juétǔjī",
"word": "掘土机"
},
{
"roman": "tuītǔjī",
"word": "推土機"
},
{
"roman": "tuītǔjī",
"word": "推土机"
},
{
"roman": "gùtǔ",
"word": "故土"
},
{
"roman": "gùtǔnánlí",
"word": "故土難離"
},
{
"roman": "gùtǔnánlí",
"word": "故土难离"
},
{
"roman": "Rìtǔ",
"word": "日土"
},
{
"word": "有土栽培"
},
{
"roman": "běntǔ",
"word": "本土"
},
{
"roman": "lètǔ",
"word": "樂土"
},
{
"roman": "lètǔ",
"word": "乐土"
},
{
"roman": "shuǐtǔ",
"word": "水土"
},
{
"word": "水土不伏"
},
{
"roman": "shuǐtǔbùfú",
"word": "水土不服"
},
{
"roman": "shuǐtǔ bǎochí",
"word": "水土保持"
},
{
"roman": "shuǐtǔ liúshī",
"word": "水土流失"
},
{
"roman": "wòtǔ",
"word": "沃土"
},
{
"roman": "nítǔ",
"word": "泥土"
},
{
"word": "混凝土"
},
{
"roman": "jìngtǔ",
"word": "淨土"
},
{
"roman": "jìngtǔ",
"word": "净土"
},
{
"word": "無土栽培"
},
{
"word": "无土栽培"
},
{
"roman": "hóngtǔ",
"word": "紅土"
},
{
"roman": "hóngtǔ",
"word": "红土"
},
{
"roman": "lǎotǔ",
"word": "老土"
},
{
"roman": "pî-thó͘",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan"
],
"word": "脾土"
},
{
"roman": "Chìtǔ",
"word": "赤土"
},
{
"roman": "chǎntǔjī",
"word": "鏟土機"
},
{
"roman": "chǎntǔjī",
"word": "铲土机"
},
{
"roman": "táotǔ",
"word": "陶土"
},
{
"roman": "Huángtǔgǎng",
"word": "黃土崗"
},
{
"roman": "Huángtǔgǎng",
"word": "黄土岗"
},
{
"roman": "niántǔ",
"word": "黏土"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "aav-pro",
"2": "*tiʔ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Austroasiatic *tiʔ",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mkh-mnc-pro",
"2": "*tiiʔ",
"3": "",
"4": "soil; ground consisting of earth"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Monic *tiiʔ (“soil; ground consisting of earth”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ssm",
"2": "tɛʔ",
"3": "",
"4": "soil; earth"
},
"expansion": "Semnam tɛʔ (“soil; earth”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Schuessler, 2007"
},
"expansion": "Schuessler, 2007",
"name": "zh-ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "社",
"2": "god of soil; altar to god of soil"
},
"expansion": "社 (OC *ɦljaːʔ, “god of soil; altar to god of soil”)",
"name": "och-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "There is no obvious cognate and etymology, unless it may be related to Proto-Austroasiatic *tiʔ (Proto-Monic *tiiʔ (“soil; ground consisting of earth”), Semnam tɛʔ (“soil; earth”)). However, this would require the assumption of a shift from front vowel to Old Chinese *a (Schuessler, 2007).\nProbably related to 社 (OC *ɦljaːʔ, “god of soil; altar to god of soil”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "hanzi"
},
"expansion": "土",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Mandarin terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "mound; hillock",
"roman": "tǔduī",
"text": "土堆",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "The soil here is quite fertile.",
"roman": "Zhèr de tǔ gòu féi de.",
"text": "這兒的土夠肥的。／这儿的土够肥的。",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"earth; soil"
],
"links": [
[
"earth",
"earth"
],
[
"soil",
"soil"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Chinese dialectal terms"
],
"glosses": [
"dust"
],
"links": [
[
"dust",
"dust"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dialectal) dust"
],
"tags": [
"dialectal"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Literary Chinese terms with quotations",
"Mandarin terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "territory",
"roman": "guótǔ",
"text": "國土／国土",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to not give up a single inch of one's territory",
"roman": "cùntǔbùràng",
"text": "寸土不讓／寸土不让",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Under the wide heaven,\nAll is the king's land.",
"ref": "溥天之下，莫非王土。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad. and simp.]",
"text": "From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11ᵗʰ – 7ᵗʰ centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version\nPǔtiān zhī xià, mòfēi wángtǔ. [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"land"
],
"links": [
[
"land",
"land"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Mandarin terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "crude opium",
"roman": "yāntǔ",
"text": "煙土／烟土",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"crude opium"
],
"links": [
[
"crude",
"crude"
],
[
"opium",
"opium"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Mandarin terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "native land; native place",
"roman": "gùtǔ",
"text": "故土",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hometown; native place"
],
"links": [
[
"hometown",
"hometown"
],
[
"native",
"native"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Mandarin terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "aboriginal",
"roman": "tǔzhù",
"text": "土著",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "local dialect",
"roman": "tǔhuà",
"text": "土話／土话",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"local; native; indigenous"
],
"links": [
[
"local",
"local"
],
[
"native",
"native"
],
[
"indigenous",
"indigenous"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Mandarin terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I think that Northeastern Mandarin is too rustic.",
"ref": "我覺得東北話實在太土了。 [MSC, trad.]",
"text": "我觉得东北话实在太土了。 [MSC, simp.]\nWǒ juéde dōngběihuà shízài tài tǔ le. [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"rustic; unsophisticated; uncouth; vulgar; tasteless; uncultured"
],
"links": [
[
"rustic",
"rustic"
],
[
"unsophisticated",
"unsophisticated"
],
[
"uncouth",
"uncouth"
],
[
"vulgar",
"vulgar"
],
[
"tasteless",
"tasteless"
],
[
"uncultured",
"uncultured"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Mandarin terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "traditional method used by the common people; indigenous method",
"roman": "tǔfǎ",
"text": "土法",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "gun manufactured using indigenous methods",
"roman": "tǔ qiāng",
"text": "土槍／土枪",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"indigenous; traditional and used by the common people"
],
"links": [
[
"indigenous",
"indigenous"
],
[
"traditional",
"traditional"
],
[
"common",
"common"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"the Tu ethnic group; Monguor people; White Mongol"
],
"links": [
[
"～族",
"土族#Chinese"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(～族) the Tu ethnic group; Monguor people; White Mongol"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "Tǔ'ěrqí, “Turkey”",
"word": "土耳其"
}
],
"categories": [
"Chinese short forms",
"Mandarin terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "俄土戰爭／俄土战争 ― É Tǔ zhànzhēng ― Russo-Turkish War",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Short for 土耳其 (Tǔ'ěrqí, “Turkey”)."
],
"links": [
[
"土耳其",
"土耳其#Chinese"
],
[
"Turkey",
"Turkey"
]
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Chinese surnames"
],
"glosses": [
"a surname"
],
"links": [
[
"surname",
"surname"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "tǔ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "tu³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄊㄨˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"Sichuanese"
],
"zh-pron": "tu³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "тў"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "tw"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "II"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "tou²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Taishan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "hu²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "tu³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"PFS",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "thú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Guangdong",
"Hakka",
"Meixian"
],
"zh-pron": "tu³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "tu²"
},
{
"tags": [],
"zh-pron": "tǔ"
},
{
"tags": [],
"zh-pron": "tù"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "thó͘"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "tou²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "dou⁶"
},
{
"tags": [],
"zh-pron": "⁵thu"
},
{
"tags": [],
"zh-pron": "tou³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "tǔ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄊㄨˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "tǔ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "tʻu³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "tǔ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "tuu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "ту"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "tu"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰu²¹⁴/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Latinxua-Sin-Wenz",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "tu"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰu⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰu⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "tou²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "tóu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "tou²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "tou²"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰou̯³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Taicheng",
"Taishanese",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "hu²"
},
{
"ipa": "/hu⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Taicheng",
"Taishanese"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "tu³"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰu²¹³/",
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "thú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "tu`"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "tu³"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰu³¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰu³¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meixian",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Taiyuan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "tu²"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰxu⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Taiyuan"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Jian'ou",
"Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized"
],
"zh-pron": "tǔ"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰu²¹/",
"tags": [
"Jian'ou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Fuzhou"
],
"zh-pron": "tù"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰu⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Fuzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "thóo"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "tor"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰɔ⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰɔ⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰɔ⁵⁵⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Jinjiang",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "thóu"
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "tŏu"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰou⁵²/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tou³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "⁵thu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "thu^去"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "²thu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "/tʰu³⁴/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Changsha",
"Wiktionary-specific",
"Xiang"
],
"zh-pron": "tou³"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰə̹u̯⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Changsha",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Xiang"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "thuX"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*tʰˤaʔ/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*l̥ʰaːʔ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰu²¹⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰu⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰu⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰou̯³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/hu⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰu²¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰu³¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰu³¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰxu⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰu²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰu⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰɔ⁴¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰɔ⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰɔ⁵⁵⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰou⁵²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tou³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰu³⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰə̹u̯⁴¹/"
},
{
"other": "/*tʰˤaʔ/"
},
{
"other": "/*l̥ʰaːʔ/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "tǔdì",
"sense": "land",
"word": "土地"
},
{
"roman": "jiāxiāng",
"word": "家鄉"
},
{
"roman": "jiāxiāng",
"word": "家乡"
},
{
"roman": "gùguó",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "故國"
},
{
"roman": "gùguó",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "故国"
},
{
"roman": "gùyuán",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "故園"
},
{
"roman": "gùyuán",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "故园"
},
{
"roman": "gùtǔ",
"word": "故土"
},
{
"roman": "gùxiāng",
"word": "故鄉"
},
{
"roman": "gùxiāng",
"word": "故乡"
},
{
"roman": "gùlǐ",
"word": "故里"
},
{
"roman": "lǎojiā",
"word": "老家"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka"
],
"word": "老屋"
},
{
"roman": "xiāngxia",
"word": "鄉下"
},
{
"roman": "xiāngxia",
"word": "乡下"
},
{
"roman": "xiāngtǔ",
"word": "鄉土"
},
{
"roman": "xiāngtǔ",
"word": "乡土"
},
{
"roman": "xiāngzǐ",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "鄉梓"
},
{
"roman": "xiāngzǐ",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "乡梓"
},
{
"roman": "xiāngguān",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "鄉關"
},
{
"roman": "xiāngguān",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "乡关"
}
],
"word": "土"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chinese Han characters",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese nouns",
"Chinese proper nouns",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Middle Chinese lemmas",
"Old Chinese lemmas",
"Pages with raw sortkeys"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "hanzi"
},
"expansion": "土",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "dù, “root”",
"word": "杜"
}
],
"categories": [
"Literary Chinese terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Before the sky was dark with rain,\nI gathered the roots of the mulberry tree,\nAnd bound round and round my window and door.",
"ref": "迨天之未陰雨、徹彼桑土、綢繆牖戶。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]",
"text": "迨天之未阴雨、彻彼桑土、绸缪牖户。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]\nFrom: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11ᵗʰ – 7ᵗʰ centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version\nDài tiān zhī wèi yīnyǔ, chè bǐ sāngdù, chóumóu yǒuhù. [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of 杜 (dù, “root”)"
],
"links": [
[
"杜",
"杜#Chinese"
],
[
"root",
"root"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"zh:Rivers"
],
"glosses": [
"An ancient river"
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "dù"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "du⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄉㄨˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "dù"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "dù"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "tu⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "dù"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "duh"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "ду"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "du"
},
{
"ipa": "/tu⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "duX"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*l'aːʔ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tu⁵¹/"
},
{
"other": "/*l'aːʔ/"
}
],
"word": "土"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chinese Han characters",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with raw sortkeys",
"zh-pron usage missing POS"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "hanzi"
},
"expansion": "土",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Only used in 土苴 (chǎzhǎ)."
],
"links": [
[
"土苴",
"土苴#Chinese"
]
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "chǎ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "cha³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄔㄚˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "chǎ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "chǎ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "chʻa³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "chǎ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "chaa"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "ча"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "ča"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʈ͡ʂʰä²¹⁴/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʈ͡ʂʰä²¹⁴/"
}
],
"word": "土"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chinese Han characters",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with raw sortkeys",
"zh-pron usage missing POS"
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "hanzi"
},
"expansion": "土",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Only used in 土門／土门 (Túmén)."
],
"links": [
[
"土門",
"土門#Chinese"
],
[
"土门",
"土门#Chinese"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "tú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "tu²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄊㄨˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "tú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "tú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "tʻu²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "tú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "twu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "ту"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "tu"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰu³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰu³⁵/"
}
],
"word": "土"
}
{
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "soft-redirect",
"redirects": [
"士"
],
"word": "土"
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Shanghai):'",
"path": [
"土"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "土",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary)'",
"path": [
"土"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "土",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai)'",
"path": [
"土"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "土",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wu (Wugniu)'",
"path": [
"土"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "土",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Northern Min (KCR)'",
"path": [
"土"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "土",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
"path": [
"土"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "土",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Northern Min'",
"path": [
"土"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "土",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Eastern Min'",
"path": [
"土"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "土",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wugniu'",
"path": [
"土"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "土",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Sinological IPA (Shanghai)'",
"path": [
"土"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "土",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min'",
"path": [
"土"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "土",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese)⁺'",
"path": [
"土"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "土",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Eastern Min (BUC)'",
"path": [
"土"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "土",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Northern)'",
"path": [
"土"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "土",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'MiniDict'",
"path": [
"土"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "土",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: ～族",
"path": [
"土"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "definitions",
"title": "土",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: ～族",
"path": [
"土"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "definitions",
"title": "土",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese)⁺'",
"path": [
"土"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "土",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese)⁺'",
"path": [
"土"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "土",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese)⁺'",
"path": [
"土"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "土",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "XYZunsorted",
"msg": "土/Chinese/soft-redirect: missing \"senses\" in data (must have at least one sense, add empty sense with \"no-gloss\" tag if none otherwise available): {\"lang\": \"Chinese\", \"lang_code\": \"zh\", \"pos\": \"soft-redirect\", \"redirects\": [\"\\u58eb\"], \"word\": \"\\u571f\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "soft-redirect",
"title": "土",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Chinese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-17 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-01 using wiktextract (0b52755 and 5cb0836). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.