See 凝練 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "凝鍊",
"tags": [
"Traditional-Chinese"
]
},
{
"form": "凝煉",
"tags": [
"Traditional-Chinese"
]
},
{
"form": "凝练",
"tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese"
]
},
{
"form": "凝炼",
"tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "凝練",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"concise; condensed; compact"
],
"id": "en-凝練-zh-adj-XOvR9rqs",
"links": [
[
"concise",
"concise"
],
[
"condensed",
"condensed"
],
[
"compact",
"compact"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of writing) concise; condensed; compact"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of writing"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "níngliàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄋㄧㄥˊ ㄌㄧㄢˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "jing⁴ lin⁶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "gêng-liān"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "níngliàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄋㄧㄥˊ ㄌㄧㄢˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "níngliàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh_pron": "ning²-lien⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "níng-lyàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
],
"zh_pron": "ningliann"
},
{
"roman": "ninljanʹ",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Palladius"
],
"zh_pron": "нинлянь"
},
{
"ipa": "/niŋ³⁵ li̯ɛn⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"homophone": "凝練",
"raw_tags": [
"Homophones"
],
"tags": [
"Traditional-Chinese",
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese"
]
},
{
"homophone": "凝练",
"raw_tags": [
"Homophones"
],
"tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese",
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese"
]
},
{
"homophone": "凝鍊",
"raw_tags": [
"Homophones"
],
"tags": [
"Traditional-Chinese",
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese"
]
},
{
"homophone": "凝炼",
"raw_tags": [
"Homophones"
],
"tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese",
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "jing⁴ lin⁶"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "yìhng lihn"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "jing⁴ lin⁶"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh_pron": "ying⁴ lin⁶"
},
{
"ipa": "/jɪŋ²¹ liːn²²/",
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Zhangzhou",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "gêng-liān"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Zhangzhou",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh_pron": "gîng-liān"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Zhangzhou",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh_pron": "genglien"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡiɪŋ¹³⁻²² liɛn²²/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Zhangzhou",
"IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡiɪŋ²⁴⁻²² liɛn²²/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Zhangzhou",
"IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡiɪŋ²⁴⁻²² liɛn⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Zhangzhou",
"IPA"
]
}
],
"word": "凝練"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "凝鍊",
"tags": [
"Traditional-Chinese"
]
},
{
"form": "凝煉",
"tags": [
"Traditional-Chinese"
]
},
{
"form": "凝练",
"tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese"
]
},
{
"form": "凝炼",
"tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "凝練",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Cantonese adjectives",
"Cantonese lemmas",
"Chinese adjectives",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese terms spelled with 凝",
"Chinese terms spelled with 練",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Hokkien adjectives",
"Hokkien lemmas",
"Mandarin adjectives",
"Mandarin lemmas",
"Mandarin terms with homophones",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"concise; condensed; compact"
],
"links": [
[
"concise",
"concise"
],
[
"condensed",
"condensed"
],
[
"compact",
"compact"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of writing) concise; condensed; compact"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of writing"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "níngliàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄋㄧㄥˊ ㄌㄧㄢˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "jing⁴ lin⁶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "gêng-liān"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "níngliàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄋㄧㄥˊ ㄌㄧㄢˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "níngliàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh_pron": "ning²-lien⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "níng-lyàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
],
"zh_pron": "ningliann"
},
{
"roman": "ninljanʹ",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Palladius"
],
"zh_pron": "нинлянь"
},
{
"ipa": "/niŋ³⁵ li̯ɛn⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"homophone": "凝練",
"raw_tags": [
"Homophones"
],
"tags": [
"Traditional-Chinese",
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese"
]
},
{
"homophone": "凝练",
"raw_tags": [
"Homophones"
],
"tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese",
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese"
]
},
{
"homophone": "凝鍊",
"raw_tags": [
"Homophones"
],
"tags": [
"Traditional-Chinese",
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese"
]
},
{
"homophone": "凝炼",
"raw_tags": [
"Homophones"
],
"tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese",
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "jing⁴ lin⁶"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "yìhng lihn"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "jing⁴ lin⁶"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh_pron": "ying⁴ lin⁶"
},
{
"ipa": "/jɪŋ²¹ liːn²²/",
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Zhangzhou",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "gêng-liān"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Zhangzhou",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh_pron": "gîng-liān"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Zhangzhou",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh_pron": "genglien"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡiɪŋ¹³⁻²² liɛn²²/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Zhangzhou",
"IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡiɪŋ²⁴⁻²² liɛn²²/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Zhangzhou",
"IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡiɪŋ²⁴⁻²² liɛn⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Quanzhou",
"Zhangzhou",
"IPA"
]
}
],
"word": "凝練"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 凝練 meaning in Chinese (3.8kB)
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <sup> not properly closed",
"path": [
"凝練"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "凝練",
"trace": "started on line 19, detected on line 19"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </sup>",
"path": [
"凝練"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "凝練",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Chinese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-10-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-10-01 using wiktextract (c8bd62c and a979ada). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.