See 個性化 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "个性化",
"raw_tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "個性化",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "52 48",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
0,
12
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
0,
9
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
3
]
],
"english": "personalized service",
"raw_tags": [
"Traditional-Chinese"
],
"roman": "gexìnghuà fúwù",
"text": "個性化服務",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
0,
12
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
0,
9
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
3
]
],
"english": "personalized service",
"raw_tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese"
],
"roman": "gexìnghuà fúwù",
"text": "个性化服务",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"personalized; customized; individualized"
],
"id": "en-個性化-zh-adj-1p7IoS~d",
"links": [
[
"personalized",
"personalized"
],
[
"customized",
"customized"
],
[
"individualized",
"individualized"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "gèxìnghuà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄍㄜˋ ㄒㄧㄥˋ ㄏㄨㄚˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "go³ sing³ faa³"
},
{
"zh-pron": "go⁶ sên³ huê³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gèxìnghuà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄍㄜˋ ㄒㄧㄥˋ ㄏㄨㄚˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gèsìnghuà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ko⁴-hsing⁴-hua⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gè-syìng-hwà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gehshinqhuah"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "гэсинхуа"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gɛsinxua"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕiŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ xu̯ä⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "go sing fa"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "go³ sing³ faa³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "go³ xing³ fa³"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔː³³ sɪŋ³³ faː³³/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "go⁶ sên³ huê³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "kŏ sèⁿ huè"
},
{
"ipa": "/ko³⁵⁻¹¹ sẽ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ hue²¹³/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕiŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ xu̯ä⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔː³³ sɪŋ³³ faː³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ko³⁵⁻¹¹ sẽ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ hue²¹³/"
}
],
"word": "個性化"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "个性化",
"raw_tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "個性化",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "43 57",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "52 48",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 75",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Computing",
"orig": "zh:Computing",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"personalization; customization; individualization"
],
"id": "en-個性化-zh-noun-23PPsPZS",
"links": [
[
"personalization",
"personalization"
],
[
"customization",
"customization"
],
[
"individualization",
"individualization"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "個別化"
},
{
"word": "个别化"
},
{
"word": "個體化"
},
{
"word": "个体化"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "gèxìnghuà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄍㄜˋ ㄒㄧㄥˋ ㄏㄨㄚˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "go³ sing³ faa³"
},
{
"zh-pron": "go⁶ sên³ huê³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gèxìnghuà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄍㄜˋ ㄒㄧㄥˋ ㄏㄨㄚˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gèsìnghuà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ko⁴-hsing⁴-hua⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gè-syìng-hwà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gehshinqhuah"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "гэсинхуа"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gɛsinxua"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕiŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ xu̯ä⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "go sing fa"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "go³ sing³ faa³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "go³ xing³ fa³"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔː³³ sɪŋ³³ faː³³/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "go⁶ sên³ huê³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "kŏ sèⁿ huè"
},
{
"ipa": "/ko³⁵⁻¹¹ sẽ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ hue²¹³/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕiŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ xu̯ä⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔː³³ sɪŋ³³ faː³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ko³⁵⁻¹¹ sẽ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ hue²¹³/"
}
],
"word": "個性化"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chinese adjectives",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese nouns",
"Chinese terms spelled with 個",
"Chinese terms spelled with 化",
"Chinese terms spelled with 性",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"zh:Computing"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "个性化",
"raw_tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "個性化",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Mandarin terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
0,
12
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
0,
9
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
3
]
],
"english": "personalized service",
"raw_tags": [
"Traditional-Chinese"
],
"roman": "gexìnghuà fúwù",
"text": "個性化服務",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
0,
12
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
0,
9
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
3
]
],
"english": "personalized service",
"raw_tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese"
],
"roman": "gexìnghuà fúwù",
"text": "个性化服务",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"personalized; customized; individualized"
],
"links": [
[
"personalized",
"personalized"
],
[
"customized",
"customized"
],
[
"individualized",
"individualized"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "gèxìnghuà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄍㄜˋ ㄒㄧㄥˋ ㄏㄨㄚˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "go³ sing³ faa³"
},
{
"zh-pron": "go⁶ sên³ huê³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gèxìnghuà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄍㄜˋ ㄒㄧㄥˋ ㄏㄨㄚˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gèsìnghuà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ko⁴-hsing⁴-hua⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gè-syìng-hwà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gehshinqhuah"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "гэсинхуа"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gɛsinxua"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕiŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ xu̯ä⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "go sing fa"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "go³ sing³ faa³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "go³ xing³ fa³"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔː³³ sɪŋ³³ faː³³/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "go⁶ sên³ huê³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "kŏ sèⁿ huè"
},
{
"ipa": "/ko³⁵⁻¹¹ sẽ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ hue²¹³/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕiŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ xu̯ä⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔː³³ sɪŋ³³ faː³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ko³⁵⁻¹¹ sẽ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ hue²¹³/"
}
],
"word": "個性化"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chinese adjectives",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese nouns",
"Chinese terms spelled with 個",
"Chinese terms spelled with 化",
"Chinese terms spelled with 性",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"zh:Computing"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "个性化",
"raw_tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "個性化",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "個別化"
},
{
"word": "个别化"
},
{
"word": "個體化"
},
{
"word": "个体化"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"personalization; customization; individualization"
],
"links": [
[
"personalization",
"personalization"
],
[
"customization",
"customization"
],
[
"individualization",
"individualization"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "gèxìnghuà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄍㄜˋ ㄒㄧㄥˋ ㄏㄨㄚˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "go³ sing³ faa³"
},
{
"zh-pron": "go⁶ sên³ huê³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gèxìnghuà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄍㄜˋ ㄒㄧㄥˋ ㄏㄨㄚˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gèsìnghuà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ko⁴-hsing⁴-hua⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gè-syìng-hwà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gehshinqhuah"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "гэсинхуа"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gɛsinxua"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕiŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ xu̯ä⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "go sing fa"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "go³ sing³ faa³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "go³ xing³ fa³"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔː³³ sɪŋ³³ faː³³/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "go⁶ sên³ huê³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "kŏ sèⁿ huè"
},
{
"ipa": "/ko³⁵⁻¹¹ sẽ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ hue²¹³/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕiŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ xu̯ä⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔː³³ sɪŋ³³ faː³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ko³⁵⁻¹¹ sẽ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ hue²¹³/"
}
],
"word": "個性化"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 個性化 meaning in Chinese (5.6kB)
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: \"Southern Min (Teochew, Peng'im)\"",
"path": [
"個性化"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "個性化",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
"path": [
"個性化"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "個性化",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Chinese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-08-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-08-02 using wiktextract (a681f8a and 3c020d2). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.