馬

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (馬):
* → Japanese: 馬(ば) (ba)
* → Korean: 마(馬) (ma)
* → Vietnamese: mã (馬, “(xiangqi) horse; (chess) knight”)

desctree

→ Proto-Tai: *maːꟲ (“horse”)
Northern Tai
Bouyei: max
Zhuang: max
Central Tai
Tày: mạ
Nùng: mạ
Nong Zhuang: max
Proto-Southwestern Tai:
Ahom: 𑜉𑜠 (ma), 𑜉𑜡 (mā), 𑜉𑜡𑜠 (māa)
Thai: ม้า (máa)
Northern Thai: ᨾ᩶ᩣ
Lao: ມ້າ (mā)
Lü: ᦙᦱᧉ (maa²)
Tai Dam: ꪣ꫁ꪱ
Shan: မႃႉ (mâ̰a)
Tai Nüa: ᥛᥣᥳ (mȧa)

desc

→ Thai: เบ๊ (bée, “horse”) (via Teochew)

Cursive script (East Asia)
Semi-cursive script

Pictogram (象形) – a horse with its head facing the left, showing a flowing mane in the wind. In the bronze inscriptions, the head was often simplified into an eye (目 (mù)). The legs eventually evolved into four dots (灬 (huǒ), unrelated to 火 (huǒ)).
Contrast with 鹿 (lù, “deer”), which saw a very different development, and 𢊁 (as in 薦／荐 (jiàn)), which is a hybrid: it has the legs of 馬 (灬 (huǒ)) but the head of 鹿 (lù).
“Horse” – from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *k-m-raŋ ~ s-raŋ. The sense of “big” is derived from “horse”; compare the English uses of horse.
For the insect prefix sense, see 螞／蚂. It has converged with the sense of “big”.
The surname is popularly known to be prevalent among Hui Muslims, where it is likely derived from Arabic مُحَمَّد (muḥammad, “Muhammad”), although the surname 馬 itself predates Islam.

马
𫠉
傌
𢒗
𢒠
𢒧
𩡬
𩡮
抹
碼

阿胡拉·馬茲達

Āhúlā Mǎzīdá

阿胡拉·马兹达

Āhúlā Mǎzīdá

馬斯特里赫特

Mǎsītèlǐhètè


車

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (車):
* → Japanese: 車(しゃ) (sha)
* → Korean: 차(車) (cha), 거(車) (geo)
* → Vietnamese: xa (車)

→ Vietnamese: xe (車, “wheeled vehicle”)

→ Zhuang: ci (“vehicle”)

Pictogram (象形) – originally a carriage seen from above. In the oracle bone script, there were large wheels on both sides and a sun shade on the top. Later, when Chinese characters were written vertically, the wheels on both sides were simply drawn in strokes and the loading area was marked with a 田 (OC *l'iːŋ). Therefore, it is important to understand that the current character, 車 (OC *kʰlja, *kla) is a vertical depiction of a carriage.
Note that 倝 (OC *kaːns) and 朝 (OC *ʔr'ew, *r'ew) are not derived from 車 (OC *kʰlja, *kla).
Perhaps a loan from an Indo-European language because the horse and chariot were introduced into China around 1200 BC from Inner Asia; compare Tocharian A kukäl, Tocharian B kokale (“wagon; cart”) (Mair, 1990, Bauer, 1994), from Proto-Tocharian *kuk(ä)le, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷékʷlos, a form of *kʷel- (“to turn”). Cognate with English wheel, Ancient Greek κύκλος (kúklos), Lithuanian kaklas (“neck”), etc.
An older variant survives in Mandarin 軲轆／轱辘 (gūlu, “wheel”) (Bauer, 1994). Alternatively, the word is a derivation by k-prefix from 舁 (OC *la, “to lift”) (Baxter and Sagart, 1998); compare the semantic parallel in Tibetan ཐེག་པ (theg pa, “vehicle; carriage”) (OC *kʰljaʔ, *kʰljas) and 居 (OC *kas) (Schuessler, 2007). Pronunciation 2 is traditionally regarded as the older pronunciation.
The sense of lewd content is derived from 老司機／老司机 (lǎosījī).


象

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (象):
* → Japanese: 象(ぞう) (zō); 象(しょう) (shō)
* → Korean: 상(象) (sang)
* → Vietnamese: tượng (象)

→ Common Turkic: *yaŋan

→ Old Uyghur: [script needed] (yaŋa)

→ Western Yugur: jaŋan

→? Bulgar:

→? Chuvash: сӑлан (sălan)

→? Proto-Slavic: *slonъ

→ Kalmyk: зан (zan)

→ Mongolian: заан (zaan)

→ Proto-Tai: *ɟaːŋꟲ (“elephant”)

Lao: ຊ້າງ (sāng)

Lü: ᦋᦱᧂᧉ (tsaang²)

Northern Thai: ᨩ᩶ᩣ᩠ᨦ (cang)

Saek: ซาง

Shan: ၸၢင်ႉ (tsâ̰ang)

Tai Dam: ꪋ꫁ꪱꪉ

Tai Nüa: ᥓᥣᥒᥳ (tsȧang)

Thai: ช้าง (cháang)

desc

→ Proto-Lolo-Burmese: *tsaŋ (“elephant”)

Burmese: ဆင် (hcang)

→ Proto-Monic: *ciiŋ ("elephant")

Mon: စိၚ် (coiŋ)

→ Proto-Vietic: *ʔa-ɟaːŋ (“elephant”)

/t͡sʰuɔŋ²⁴²/

/t͡sʰuɔŋ²⁴²/

Pictogram (象形) - pictographic representation of an elephant. ⺈ represents the trunk, 𫩏 represents the head, and 𧰨 represents the body.
This character is used to represent two semantic fields ‘elephant; tusk’ and ‘to outline; to depict; to delineate; to represent; to resemble; to map’. Both fields are found from the earliest layers of the edited literature onwards, whereas only the first meaning is amply attested in oracle bone inscriptions.
Traditionally, the two senses are treated as related, with the sense of ‘to depict; to resemble’ considered a derivative of the sense of ‘elephant’. The derivation from the ‘elephant’ meaning to the ‘likeness’ meaning is explained in Han Feizi First attested in c. 221 BCE: “Men rarely see living elephants. As they come by the skeleton of a dead elephant, they imagine its living form according to its features. Therefore it comes to pass that whatever people use for imagining the real is called 象.”
Modern etymology studies on Old Chinese have challenged this opinion.
As for the ‘elephant; tusk’ sense, this is a widely used area word in East and Southeast Asia. Literature opinions differ on the origin and immediate relationship of this Chinese word; some (e.g. Schuessler, 2007) believe the Chinese form is a loanword from a Southern language, since it is unlikely that peoples all over Southeast Asia and the Himalayan foothills would borrow a word from Northern China to denote an indigenous animal. Others believe the direction of borrowing is reversed (i.e. Tai-Kadai borrowing from Chinese), and that Chinese 象 should be compared with Tibetan གླང (glang), གླང་ཆེན (glang chen, “elephant”) arising from a common Proto-Sino-Tibetan *glaŋ (“ox, bull; elephant”), which may ultimately have an Austroasiatic origin (Behr, 2004). The second viewpoint is supported by the early attestation of this character and the archaeological findings of the historical ranges of elephants. However, Schuessler disputes that second viewpoint and links ST *glaŋ to 犅 (OC *klaːŋ, “ox, bull”).
See below for a tentative borrowing history of the various forms of this general area word.


傌

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *mraːs): semantic 亻 (“person”) + phonetic 馬 (OC *mraːʔ).

Han compound

(historical) a kind of punishment during the Han Dynasty


兵

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意): 斤 (“a short axe”) + 廾 (“2 hands”) – a pair of hands holding a weapon.

GT - General Taiwanese (no specific region identified)


后

Oracle bone inscriptions often wrote 后 as 毓, depicting a woman giving birth. Wang Guowei posits the meaning extended from childbirth to succession, then to empress. In the modern form, the birthing figure would be 𠂆 and the child figure 𠮛.
According to Kōjien and 学研漢和大字典, ideogrammic compound (會意／会意): 人 (“person (variant form)”) + 口 (“hole”) — a depiction of a person's (人) anus, with the additional meaning of “behind”, “rear”, as well as coming to mean “emperor/empress”, who would live in a palace “behind” worldly troubles.
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m/s-gaw (“head”). Cognate with Tibetan གོ (go, “head; headman”), མགོ (mgo, “head, top, beginning”).


將

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意): semantic 爿 (“bed; small table”) + semantic ⺼ (“meat”) + semantic 寸 (“hand”) – to offer meat as tribute by putting it on the table.
The ⺼ component is on its side, hence resembles 夕 with an added dot; compare 祭, 然.
Shuowen erroneously considers the phonetic component of 將 to be 醬 (OC *ʔsaŋs, “sauce”) (abbreviated).
A conflation of two roots: “to take; to hold” and “will; be going to; near”.
; “to take; to hold” (Pronunciations 1, 2 and 3)
; “will; be going to; near” (Pronunciation 1)
; anteposed object introductory particle

將死

将死


棋

→ Lü: ᦌᦲᧉ (sii²)

/kʰei̯²¹⁻³⁵/

/kʰei²²⁻²²⁵/

/kʰei̯²¹⁻³⁵/

/kʰei²²⁻²²⁵/

Characters in the same phonetic series (其) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡɯ): semantic 木 (“wooden”) + phonetic 其 (OC *kɯ, *ɡɯ).

Han compound

我們連下了三局棋。

我们连下了三局棋。

board game, usually excluding those played with cards (牌 (pái))

an instance of playing such games (Classifier: 局; 盤／盘)

落棋無悔／落棋无悔

You should not take back your (Go) stone once it is dropped.

Don't just only think of capturing the opponent's pieces.

不要光想著吃對方的棋。

不要光想着吃对方的棋。

In chess, each player has sixteen pieces.

Zài guójìxiàngqí zhōng, měirén yǒu shíliù méi qí.

在國際象棋中，每人有十六枚棋。

在国际象棋中，每人有十六枚棋。

hai² gwok³ zai³ zoeng⁶ kei⁴⁻² dou⁶, mui⁵ jan⁴ jau⁵ sap⁶ luk⁶ zek³ kei⁴⁻².

喺國際象棋度，每人有十六隻棋。

喺国际象棋度，每人有十六只棋。

piece; counter used in such games (Classifier: 枚 m; 隻／只 c)

圍棋／围棋

跳棋 ― tiàoqí ― checkers

Reversi is a board game invented in the 19th century.

Hēibáiqí shì 19 shìjì fāmíng de yī zhǒng qí.

黑白棋是19世紀發明的一種棋。

黑白棋是19世纪发明的一种棋。


殺

In the oracle bone script, it was an ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) of a boar that had been impaled in the head.
In the seal script, the original compound was corrupted into 𣏂 (sometimes written as 杀). It was also in the seal script that the pictogram (象形): 人 (“person”) + 又 (“right hand”), which was later corrupted into 殳 (“spear”) or 攴, was added under the head of the boar to specify the killing was done by a person.
The modern-day character inherits this and can be thought of as a phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sreːds, *sreːd): phonetic 𣏂 () + semantic 殳 (“spear”).
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g/b-sat (“to kill”); compare Tibetan བསད (bsad), perfect of Tibetan གསོད (gsod, “to kill”), Proto-Lolo-Burmese *C-sat (“to kill”), Japhug sat (“to kill”) (STEDT; Schuessler, 2007; Zhang, Jacques and Lai, 2019).

Han compound

杀
𣏂
煞
閷
𢁛
𢽅
𢿹
𢽆
𢼡
𢿔
𢽘
𣪩
𧤿
𧜁

(chess) to mate; short for 將殺／将杀 (jiāngshā) ("to checkmate")


王

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (王):
* → Japanese: 王(おう) (ō)
* → Okinawan: 王(をー) (wō)
* → Korean: 왕(王) (wang)
* → Vietnamese: vương (王)

desc

→ Classical Mongolian: ᠸᠠᠩ (wang) (via Mandarin)

Mongolian:

Mongolian script: ᠸᠠᠩ (wang)

Cyrillic script: ван (van)

→ Buryat: ван (van)

→ English: Wang (via Mandarin), Wong (via Cantonese), Ong (via Hokkien), Heng (via Teochew)

→ Iu Mien: hungh

→ Manchu: ᠸᠠᠩ (wang) (via Mandarin)

→ Middle Mongol: (via Early Mandarin)

Uigurjin script: ᠣᠩ (ʾwnk /oŋ/)

→ Old Uyghur: [Term?] (/oŋ/) (via Early Mandarin), [Term?] (/waŋ/) (via Early Mandarin)

→ Tagalog: Ong (via Hokkien), Wong (via Cantonese), Wang (via Mandarin)

→ Thai: อ๋อง (ɔ̌ng) (via Hokkien)

→ Zhuang: vuengz

Chinese bronze inscriptions
Konyak languages
Zhou dynasty

Characters in the same phonetic series (王) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
The traditional interpretation is that the three horizontal strokes represent Heaven, Man and Earth. The vertical stroke is the king, the one who connects them together. Older representation of the character shows a man like 大 or 天 (tiān) above a horizontal stroke.
The modern interpretation is that the character is a pictogram (象形) of either an axe or a crown, one of two symbols of the king's power. A ceremonial axe was kept near the throne, and was used for performing rituals in ancient China.
Compare the unrelated 玉 (yù, “jade”) and 主 (“master”).
Uncertain. There are many proposed etymologies:
* Sagart and Baxter (2009) compare it to Tibetan གོང་མ (gong ma, “superior one”).
* Schuessler (2007) compares it to Tibetan དབང (dbang, “strength, power”) and Burmese အန် (an, “strength, power”), which derive from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *d-baŋ (“strength, power”). However, reconstructing the Old Chinese as *waŋ, he notes the mismatch between Old Chinese *w- vs. Tibetan *b- (unless *dw- can become db-; for possible *b- ~ * w- variation, see 花). He also compares it to Proto-Northern Naga *waŋ (“chief”).
* Schuessler (2007) alternatively proposes a connection to Old Khmer vāṅ, vaṅ (modern Khmer វាំង (veăng), “royal palace”), which he considers to be cognate with Khmer ហ្លួង (luŏng, “king”). This is perhaps supported by a bronze inscription where 王 refers to a place, not the Zhou king (Shaughnessy, 1991). The semantic shift from "palace" to "king" parallels Egyptian pr-ꜥꜣ (“pharaoh”, literally “palace”), from pr (“house”) + ꜥꜣ (“great, big”). The connection to the Old Khmer word would thus relate it to Proto-Mon-Khmer *waŋ ~ *waaŋ (“enclosure; to go round”), which is part of a larger Austroasiatic word family, including 營 (OC *ɢʷeŋ) and 環 (OC *ɡʷraːn). Bodman (1980) connects 王 with 皇 (OC *ɡʷaːŋ, “sovereign”), which Schuessler (2007) connects to this word family.
* Speculations exist about its connection to 尪 (OC *qʷaːŋ, “lame, crippled”) and 狂 (OC *ɡʷaŋ, “mad”), based on theories about the connection between ancient Chinese kingship and shamanism (Keightley, 1995).


當局者迷，旁觀者清

ㄉㄤ ㄐㄩˊ ㄓㄜˇ ㄇㄧˊ

ㄆㄤˊ ㄍㄨㄢ ㄓㄜˇ ㄑㄧㄥ

dong¹ guk⁶ ze² mai⁴, pong⁴ gun¹ ze² cing¹

данцзюйчжэ ми

пангуаньчжэ цин

/tɑŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕy³⁵ ʈ͡ʂɤ²¹⁴⁻²¹ mi³⁵ pʰɑŋ³⁵ ku̯än⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂɤ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵/

dong¹ guk⁹ dze² mai⁴, pong⁴ gun¹ dze² tsing¹

dong¹ gug⁶ zé² mei⁴, pong⁴ gun¹ zé² qing¹

/tɔːŋ⁵⁵ kʊk̚² t͡sɛː³⁵ mɐi̯²¹ pʰɔːŋ²¹ kuːn⁵⁵ t͡sɛː³⁵ t͡sʰɪŋ⁵⁵/

Those involved in the matter are easily blinded to the truth, and those not involved can see things clearly.

Lookers-on see most of the game
lookers-on see most of the game


棋士

/t͡ɕʰi³⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/kʰei̯²¹ siː²²/

/t͡ɕʰi³⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/kʰei̯²¹ siː²²/


先手

/ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ʂoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/siːn⁵⁵ sɐu̯³⁵/

/ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ʂoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/siːn⁵⁵ sɐu̯³⁵/

(board games, go, chess, xiangqi, etc.) offensive; move that carries a significant threat; a move forcing the opponent to respond; a move with tempo


後手

/xoʊ̯⁵¹ ʂoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/xoʊ̯⁵¹ ʂɤʊ̯ɻʷ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/hɐu̯²² sɐu̯³⁵/

/au²²⁻²¹ t͡sʰiu⁵³/

/au⁴¹⁻²² t͡sʰiu⁵⁵⁴/

/au²²⁻²¹ t͡sʰiu⁵³/

/au³³⁻¹¹ t͡sʰiu⁵³/

/au³³⁻²¹ t͡sʰiu⁴¹/

/xoʊ̯⁵¹ ʂoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/xoʊ̯⁵¹ ʂɤʊ̯ɻʷ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/hɐu̯²² sɐu̯³⁵/

/au²²⁻²¹ t͡sʰiu⁵³/

/au⁴¹⁻²² t͡sʰiu⁵⁵⁴/

/au²²⁻²¹ t͡sʰiu⁵³/

/au³³⁻¹¹ t͡sʰiu⁵³/

/au³³⁻²¹ t͡sʰiu⁴¹/


將軍

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕyn⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ d͡ʑ̥yn²/

/t͡ɕiaŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕyn⁵⁵/

/t͡sœːŋ⁵⁵ kʷɐn⁵⁵/

/t͡si̯oŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ ki̯un²⁴/

/t͡siɔŋ³³ kœyŋ⁵⁴/

/t͡siɔŋ⁵⁴ kœyŋ⁵⁴/

/t͡suoŋ⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋuŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kun⁴⁴/

/t͡siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kun⁴⁴/

/t͡siaŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kun⁴⁴/

/t͡siaŋ³³⁻²³ kuŋ³³/

/t͡ɕiã⁵⁵ t͡ɕyn²¹/

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕyn⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ d͡ʑ̥yn²/

/t͡ɕiaŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕyn⁵⁵/

/t͡sœːŋ⁵⁵ kʷɐn⁵⁵/

/t͡si̯oŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ ki̯un²⁴/

/t͡siɔŋ³³ kœyŋ⁵⁴/

/t͡siɔŋ⁵⁴ kœyŋ⁵⁴/

/t͡suoŋ⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋuŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kun⁴⁴/

/t͡siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kun⁴⁴/

/t͡siaŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kun⁴⁴/

/t͡siaŋ³³⁻²³ kuŋ³³/

/t͡ɕiã⁵⁵ t͡ɕyn²¹/

First used in the state of Jin in Spring and Autumn period, where the army are controled by one of the leaders of six powerful vassal states (see Zhongjunjiang). Later it becomes a separate official position.


將軍

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕyn⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ d͡ʑ̥yn²/

/t͡ɕiaŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕyn⁵⁵/

/t͡sœːŋ⁵⁵ kʷɐn⁵⁵/

/t͡si̯oŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ ki̯un²⁴/

/t͡siɔŋ³³ kœyŋ⁵⁴/

/t͡siɔŋ⁵⁴ kœyŋ⁵⁴/

/t͡suoŋ⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋuŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kun⁴⁴/

/t͡siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kun⁴⁴/

/t͡siaŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kun⁴⁴/

/t͡siaŋ³³⁻²³ kuŋ³³/

/t͡ɕiã⁵⁵ t͡ɕyn²¹/

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕyn⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ d͡ʑ̥yn²/

/t͡ɕiaŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕyn⁵⁵/

/t͡sœːŋ⁵⁵ kʷɐn⁵⁵/

/t͡si̯oŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ ki̯un²⁴/

/t͡siɔŋ³³ kœyŋ⁵⁴/

/t͡siɔŋ⁵⁴ kœyŋ⁵⁴/

/t͡suoŋ⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋuŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kun⁴⁴/

/t͡siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kun⁴⁴/

/t͡siaŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kun⁴⁴/

/t͡siaŋ³³⁻²³ kuŋ³³/

/t͡ɕiã⁵⁵ t͡ɕyn²¹/


招數

/ʈ͡ʂɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ʂu⁵¹/

/t͡siau⁴⁴⁻²² sɔ²¹/

/t͡siau⁴⁴⁻²² sɔ²¹/

/t͡siau⁴⁴⁻³³ sɔ¹¹/

/t͡siau⁴⁴⁻³³ sɔ²¹/

/ʈ͡ʂɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ʂu⁵¹/

/t͡siau⁴⁴⁻²² sɔ²¹/

/t͡siau⁴⁴⁻²² sɔ²¹/

/t͡siau⁴⁴⁻³³ sɔ¹¹/

/t͡siau⁴⁴⁻³³ sɔ²¹/


著數

→ English: jetso
→ Cantonese: jetso, so

/ʈ͡ʂɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ʂu⁵¹/

/t͡sœːk̚² sou̯³³/

/ʈ͡ʂɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ʂu⁵¹/

/t͡sœːk̚² sou̯³³/

/ʈ͡ʂu̯ɔ³⁵ ʂu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sœːk̚² sou̯³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂu̯ɔ³⁵ ʂu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sœːk̚² sou̯³⁵/


棋聖

/t͡ɕʰi³⁵ ʂɤŋ⁵¹/

/t͡ɕʰi³⁵ ʂɤŋ⁵¹/


小卒

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡su³⁵/

/siːu̯³⁵ t͡sɵt̚⁵/

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡su³⁵/

/siːu̯³⁵ t͡sɵt̚⁵/

(xiangqi, chess) pawn (on the black side)


城堡

/ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵ pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʈ͡ʂʰəŋ²⁴ pʰou⁵¹/

/sɪŋ²¹ pou̯³⁵/

/siã²⁴⁻²² po⁵³/

/siã²⁴⁻²² po⁵⁵⁴/

/siã¹³⁻²² po⁵³/

/siã²⁴⁻¹¹ po⁵³/

/siã²³⁻³³ pɤ⁴¹/

/zən²² pɔ⁴⁴/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵ pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʈ͡ʂʰəŋ²⁴ pʰou⁵¹/

/sɪŋ²¹ pou̯³⁵/

/siã²⁴⁻²² po⁵³/

/siã²⁴⁻²² po⁵⁵⁴/

/siã¹³⁻²² po⁵³/

/siã²⁴⁻¹¹ po⁵³/

/siã²³⁻³³ pɤ⁴¹/

/zən²² pɔ⁴⁴/


國際象棋

ㄍㄨㄛˊ ㄐㄧˋ ㄒㄧㄤˋ ㄑㄧˊ

/ku̯ɔ³⁵ t͡ɕi⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/kʷɔːk̚³ t͡sɐi̯³³ t͡sœːŋ²² kʰei̯²¹⁻³⁵/

/kɔk̚⁵⁵ tai³³ tiaŋ³² kʰei²²⁻²²⁵/

/koʔ³³ t͡ɕi⁵⁵ ʑiã³³ d͡ʑi²¹/

/ku̯ɔ³⁵ t͡ɕi⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/kʷɔːk̚³ t͡sɐi̯³³ t͡sœːŋ²² kʰei̯²¹⁻³⁵/

/kɔk̚⁵⁵ tai³³ tiaŋ³² kʰei²²⁻²²⁵/

/koʔ³³ t͡ɕi⁵⁵ ʑiã³³ d͡ʑi²¹/


棋子

/t͡ɕʰi³⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡ɕʰi³⁵ t͡sz̩ɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kʰei̯²¹ t͡siː³⁵/

/kʰi¹¹ t͡sɨ³¹/

/ki²⁴⁻²² li⁵³/

/ki⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡si⁵²/

/t͡ɕʰi³⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡ɕʰi³⁵ t͡sz̩ɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kʰei̯²¹ t͡siː³⁵/

/kʰi¹¹ t͡sɨ³¹/

/ki²⁴⁻²² li⁵³/

/ki⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡si⁵²/


開盤

/kʰaɪ̯⁵⁵ pʰän³⁵/

/hɔːi̯⁵⁵ pʰuːn²¹/

/kʰui⁴⁴⁻²² puã²⁴/

/kʰui⁴⁴⁻²² puã¹³/

/kʰui⁴⁴⁻³³ puã²⁴/

/kʰui⁴⁴⁻³³ puã²³/

/kʰe⁴⁴ bø²³/

/kʰaɪ̯⁵⁵ pʰän³⁵/

/hɔːi̯⁵⁵ pʰuːn²¹/

/kʰui⁴⁴⁻²² puã²⁴/

/kʰui⁴⁴⁻²² puã¹³/

/kʰui⁴⁴⁻³³ puã²⁴/

/kʰui⁴⁴⁻³³ puã²³/

/kʰe⁴⁴ bø²³/


棋手

/t͡ɕʰi³⁵ ʂoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kʰei̯²¹ sɐu̯³⁵/

/t͡ɕʰi³⁵ ʂoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kʰei̯²¹ sɐu̯³⁵/

(countable) professional chess player (Classifier: 名 m)


局外人

/t͡ɕy³⁵ waɪ̯⁵¹ ʐən³⁵/

ㄐㄩˊ ㄨㄞˋ ㄖㄣˊㄦ

цзюйвайжэньр

/t͡ɕy³⁵ waɪ̯⁵¹ ʐəɻ³⁵/

/kʊk̚² ŋɔːi̯²² jɐn²¹/

/t͡ɕy³⁵ waɪ̯⁵¹ ʐən³⁵/

/t͡ɕy³⁵ waɪ̯⁵¹ ʐəɻ³⁵/

/kʊk̚² ŋɔːi̯²² jɐn²¹/


下棋

/ɕi̯ä⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/ɕia²¹³ t͡ɕʰi²¹/

/haː²² kʰei̯²¹⁻³⁵/

/haː²² kʰei̯²¹/

/ha¹¹ ˈt͡ɕʰi²⁴/

/xa⁴⁵ t͡ɕʰi¹¹/

/ha²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾i⁵³/

/ɕi̯a̠²¹⁻¹¹ t͡ɕi¹³/

/ɕi̯ä⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/ɕia²¹³ t͡ɕʰi²¹/

/haː²² kʰei̯²¹⁻³⁵/

/haː²² kʰei̯²¹/

/ha¹¹ ˈt͡ɕʰi²⁴/

/xa⁴⁵ t͡ɕʰi¹¹/

/ha²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾i⁵³/

/ɕi̯a̠²¹⁻¹¹ t͡ɕi¹³/


西洋棋

/ɕi⁵⁵ jɑŋ³⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/sɐi̯⁵⁵ jœːŋ²¹ kʰei̯²¹⁻³⁵/

/ɕi⁵⁵ jɑŋ³⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/sɐi̯⁵⁵ jœːŋ²¹ kʰei̯²¹⁻³⁵/

(chiefly Taiwan, Malaysia) (Western) chess (two-player board game)


回合

/xu̯eɪ̯³⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/wuːi̯²¹ hɐp̚²/

/xu̯eɪ̯³⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/wuːi̯²¹ hɐp̚²/

(chess) move (round in which each player makes a move)


活著

/xu̯ɔ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂɑʊ̯⁵⁵/

/xu̯ɔ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂaʊ̯ɻʷ⁵⁵/

/wuːt̚² t͡sœːk̚²/

/xu̯ɔ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂɑʊ̯⁵⁵/

/xu̯ɔ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂaʊ̯ɻʷ⁵⁵/

/wuːt̚² t͡sœːk̚²/

活着
活着
活着
活着
活招


欠行

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn⁵¹ ɕiŋ³⁵/

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn⁵¹ ɕiŋ³⁵/

(chess) stalemate (tie due to the lack of legal move)


行棋

/ɕiŋ³⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/hɐŋ²¹ kʰei̯²¹/

/kiaŋ⁵³⁻³³ ki⁵³/

/kiã²⁴⁻²² ki²⁴/

/kiã²⁴⁻¹¹ ki²⁴/

/kiã²³⁻³³ ki²³/

/kiã¹³⁻²² ki¹³/

/kiã²⁴⁻¹² ki²⁴/

/kiã²⁴⁻³³ ki²⁴/

/kĩã⁵⁵⁻¹¹ ki⁵⁵/

/ɕiŋ³⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/hɐŋ²¹ kʰei̯²¹/

/kiaŋ⁵³⁻³³ ki⁵³/

/kiã²⁴⁻²² ki²⁴/

/kiã²⁴⁻¹¹ ki²⁴/

/kiã²³⁻³³ ki²³/

/kiã¹³⁻²² ki¹³/

/kiã²⁴⁻¹² ki²⁴/

/kiã²⁴⁻³³ ki²⁴/

/kĩã⁵⁵⁻¹¹ ki⁵⁵/

(literary or Min, Taiwanese Hakka) to play chess


弈棋

/i⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/jɪk̚² kʰei̯²¹/

/i⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/jɪk̚² kʰei̯²¹/


將死

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sœːŋ⁵⁵ sei̯³⁵/

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sœːŋ⁵⁵ sei̯³⁵/


棋盤

→ English: Qipan

/t͡ɕʰi³⁵ pʰän³⁵/

/kʰei̯²¹ pʰuːn²¹⁻³⁵/

/kʰei²² pʰᵘɔn²²⁻²²⁵/

/t͡ɕʰi²⁴ pʰɵn²⁴/

/ki⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ᵖ⁻⁾βuaŋ⁵³/

/ki¹³⁻²² puã¹³/

/ki²⁴⁻¹¹ puã²⁴/

/ki²³⁻³³ puã²³/

/ki²⁴⁻²² puã²⁴/

/ki⁵⁵⁻¹¹ pũã⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕʰi³⁵ pʰän³⁵/

/kʰei̯²¹ pʰuːn²¹⁻³⁵/

/kʰei²² pʰᵘɔn²²⁻²²⁵/

/t͡ɕʰi²⁴ pʰɵn²⁴/

/ki⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ᵖ⁻⁾βuaŋ⁵³/

/ki¹³⁻²² puã¹³/

/ki²⁴⁻¹¹ puã²⁴/

/ki²³⁻³³ puã²³/

/ki²⁴⁻²² puã²⁴/

/ki⁵⁵⁻¹¹ pũã⁵⁵/

(～鄉) Qipan (a township in Jianli, Jingzhou, Hubei, China)


起子

/t͡ɕʰi²¹⁴ d͡z̥z̩⁴/

/t͡ɕʰi⁵³ t͡sz̩⁵³⁻²¹/

/t͡ɕʰi⁴¹ t͡sz̩³/

/t͡ɕʰi²¹⁴ d͡z̥z̩⁴/

/t͡ɕʰi⁵³ t͡sz̩⁵³⁻²¹/

/t͡ɕʰi⁴¹ t͡sz̩³/

/t͡ɕʰi²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡ɕʰi²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


出招

/ʈ͡ʂʰu⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂɑʊ̯⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰu⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂaʊ̯ɻʷ⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰɵt̚⁵ t͡siːu̯⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰu⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂɑʊ̯⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰu⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂaʊ̯ɻʷ⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰɵt̚⁵ t͡siːu̯⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰut̚³²⁻⁴ t͡sio⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰut̚⁵⁻²⁴ t͡sio³³/

/t͡sʰut̚³²⁻⁵ t͡sio⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰut̚³²⁻⁴ t͡sio⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰut̚³²⁻⁴ t͡siɤ⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰut̚³²⁻⁴ t͡sio⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰut̚⁵⁻²⁴ t͡sio³³/

/t͡sʰut̚³²⁻⁵ t͡sio⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰut̚³²⁻⁴ t͡sio⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰut̚³²⁻⁴ t͡siɤ⁴⁴/

(martial arts, chess, etc.) to make a move


和局

/xɤ³⁵ t͡ɕy³⁵/

/wɔː²¹ kʊk̚²/

/ho²⁴⁻²² kiɔk̚⁴/

/ho²⁴⁻²² kiɔk̚²⁴/

/ho¹³⁻²² kiɔk̚¹²¹/

/ho²⁴⁻¹¹ kiɔk̚⁴/

/hɤ²³⁻³³ kiɔk̚⁴/

/xɤ³⁵ t͡ɕy³⁵/

/wɔː²¹ kʊk̚²/

/ho²⁴⁻²² kiɔk̚⁴/

/ho²⁴⁻²² kiɔk̚²⁴/

/ho¹³⁻²² kiɔk̚¹²¹/

/ho²⁴⁻¹¹ kiɔk̚⁴/

/hɤ²³⁻³³ kiɔk̚⁴/


殘局

/t͡sʰän³⁵ t͡ɕy³⁵/

/t͡sʰaːn²¹ kʊk̚²/

/t͡san¹³⁻²² kiɔk̚¹²¹/

/t͡san²⁴⁻²² kiɔk̚²⁴/

/t͡san²⁴⁻²² kiɔk̚⁴/

/t͡sʰän³⁵ t͡ɕy³⁵/

/t͡sʰaːn²¹ kʊk̚²/

/t͡san¹³⁻²² kiɔk̚¹²¹/

/t͡san²⁴⁻²² kiɔk̚²⁴/

/t͡san²⁴⁻²² kiɔk̚⁴/


悔棋

/xu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/fuːi̯³³ kʰei̯²¹⁻³⁵/

/xu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/fuːi̯³³ kʰei̯²¹⁻³⁵/

(go, xiangqi, chess, etc.) to regret and retract one's move; to do a takeback (in chess)


易位

/i⁵¹⁻⁵³ weɪ̯⁵¹/

/jɪk̚² wɐi̯²²⁻³⁵/

/i⁵¹⁻⁵³ weɪ̯⁵¹/

/jɪk̚² wɐi̯²²⁻³⁵/

王車易位 王車易位#Chinese

王车易位 王车易位#Chinese

(chess) Short for 王車易位／王车易位 (wáng jū yìwèi, “to castle”).


頓挫

/tu̯ən⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡sʰu̯ɔ⁵¹/

/tɵn²² t͡sʰɔː³³/

/tu̯ən⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡sʰu̯ɔ⁵¹/

/tɵn²² t͡sʰɔː³³/


險棋

/ɕi̯ɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/hiːm³⁵ kʰei̯²¹⁻³⁵/

/ɕi̯ɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/hiːm³⁵ kʰei̯²¹⁻³⁵/


對弈

/tu̯eɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ i⁵¹/

/tɵy̯³³ jɪk̚²/

/tu̯eɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ i⁵¹/

/tɵy̯³³ jɪk̚²/


局內人

/t͡ɕy³⁵ neɪ̯⁵¹ ʐən³⁵/

/kʊk̚² nɔːi̯²² jɐn²¹/

/t͡ɕy³⁵ neɪ̯⁵¹ ʐən³⁵/

/kʊk̚² nɔːi̯²² jɐn²¹/


捉棋

/t͡sʊk̚⁵ kʰei̯²¹⁻³⁵/

/t͡sɔk̚¹ kʰi¹¹/

/t͡sʊk̚⁵ kʰei̯²¹⁻³⁵/

/t͡sɔk̚¹ kʰi¹¹/

(Cantonese, Pingxiang Gan, Hakka) to play chess


行棋仔

/haŋ¹¹ kʰi¹¹ e³¹/

/haŋ¹¹ kʰi¹¹ e³¹/


絕殺

/t͡ɕy̯ɛ³⁵ ʂä⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕy̯ɛ³⁵ ʂä⁵⁵/

(chess) brinkmate, an absolute (indefensible) threatmate.


絕殺

/t͡ɕy̯ɛ³⁵ ʂä⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕy̯ɛ³⁵ ʂä⁵⁵/

(chess, rare) To make a move that ensures checkmate against the opponent on the next move; to create a brinkmate.


催殺

/t͡sʰu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ ʂä⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ ʂä⁵⁵/

(chess) to make a move with a threat to (sequentially) checkmate the opponent in the next move. to make a mating threat.


催殺

/t͡sʰu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ ʂä⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ ʂä⁵⁵/


吃過路兵

ㄔ ㄍㄨㄛˋ ㄌㄨˋ ㄅㄧㄥ

/ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵⁵ ku̯ɔ⁵¹⁻⁵³ lu⁵¹ piŋ⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵⁵ ku̯ɔ⁵¹⁻⁵³ lu⁵¹ piŋ⁵⁵/


棋鐘

/t͡ɕʰi³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕʰi³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵/


殺棋

/saʔ²⁻⁵⁴ t͡ɕʰi¹¹/

/saʔ²⁻⁵⁴ t͡ɕʰi¹¹/

(Jin) to play xiangqi; to play Chinese chess


卒子

/t͡sɵt̚⁵ t͡siː³⁵/

/t͡suəʔ² t͡səʔ³/

/t͡səu̯²⁴ t͡sz̩³/

/t͡sɵt̚⁵ t͡siː³⁵/

/t͡suəʔ² t͡səʔ³/

/t͡səu̯²⁴ t͡sz̩³/


逼和

/pɪk̚⁵ wɔː²¹/

/pɪk̚⁵ wɔː²¹/


走棋

/t͡sɛu²¹³⁻¹³ t͡ɕʰi²⁴/

/t͡səu̯⁴¹ t͡ɕi¹³/

/t͡sɛu²¹³⁻¹³ t͡ɕʰi²⁴/

/t͡səu̯⁴¹ t͡ɕi¹³/

(Wuhan Mandarin, Hainanese, Gan, Leizhou Min, dialectal Wu, Xiang) to play chess


作棋子

/t͡sok̚² kʰi¹¹ t͡sɨ³¹/

/t͡sok̚² kʰi¹¹ t͡sɨ³¹/


作棋

/tɔk̚³³ kʰei²²⁻²²⁵/

/tɔk̚³³ kʰei²²⁻²²⁵/

(dialectal Cantonese, dialectal Hakka) to play chess


當局者迷，傍觀者清

ㄉㄤ ㄐㄩˊ ㄓㄜˇ ㄇㄧˊ ㄆㄤˊ ㄍㄨㄢ ㄓㄜˇ ㄑㄧㄥ

tang¹-chü² chê³ mi² pʻang²-kuan¹ chê³ chʻing¹

данцзюй чжэ ми пангуань чжэ цин

當局者迷，旁觀者清 當局者迷，旁觀者清#Chinese

当局者迷，旁观者清 当局者迷，旁观者清#Chinese

Synonym of 當局者迷，旁觀者清／当局者迷，旁观者清 (dāngjúzhě mí, pángguānzhě qīng)


棋王

/t͡ɕʰi³⁵ wɑŋ³⁵/

/kʰei̯²¹ wɔːŋ²¹/

/t͡ɕʰi³⁵ wɑŋ³⁵/

/kʰei̯²¹ wɔːŋ²¹/

champion in a board game (Chinese chess, go, chess, shogi, etc.)


愚者自將

ㄩˊ ㄓㄜˇ ㄗˋ ㄐㄧㄤˋ

юйчжэ цзыцзян

/y³⁵ ʈ͡ʂɤ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵¹/

/y³⁵ ʈ͡ʂɤ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵¹/


四回合將殺

ㄙˋ ㄏㄨㄟˊ ㄏㄜˊ ㄐㄧㄤ ㄕㄚ

сы хуэйхэ цзянша

/sz̩⁵¹ xu̯eɪ̯³⁵ xɤ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ ʂä⁵⁵/

/sz̩⁵¹ xu̯eɪ̯³⁵ xɤ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ ʂä⁵⁵/


將殺

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ ʂä⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ ʂä⁵⁵/


兩回合將殺

ㄌㄧㄤˇ ㄏㄨㄟˊ ㄏㄜˊ ㄐㄧㄤ ㄕㄚ

лян хуэйхэ цзянша

/li̯ɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ xu̯eɪ̯³⁵ xɤ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ ʂä⁵⁵/


短易位

/tu̯än²¹⁴⁻²¹ i⁵¹⁻⁵³ weɪ̯⁵¹/

/tu̯än²¹⁴⁻²¹ i⁵¹⁻⁵³ weɪ̯⁵¹/


長易位

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ i⁵¹⁻⁵³ weɪ̯⁵¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ i⁵¹⁻⁵³ weɪ̯⁵¹/


后翼

/xoʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ i⁵¹/

/xoʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ i⁵¹/


王車易位

ㄨㄤˊ ㄐㄩ ㄧˋ ㄨㄟˋ

ㄨㄤˊ ㄔㄜ ㄧˋ ㄨㄟˋ

ван цзюй ивэй

/wɑŋ³⁵ t͡ɕy⁵⁵ i⁵¹⁻⁵³ weɪ̯⁵¹/

/wɑŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤ⁵⁵ i⁵¹⁻⁵³ weɪ̯⁵¹/

/wɔːŋ²¹ kɵy̯⁵⁵ jɪk̚² wɐi̯²²⁻³⁵/

/wɑŋ³⁵ t͡ɕy⁵⁵ i⁵¹⁻⁵³ weɪ̯⁵¹/

/wɑŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤ⁵⁵ i⁵¹⁻⁵³ weɪ̯⁵¹/

/wɔːŋ²¹ kɵy̯⁵⁵ jɪk̚² wɐi̯²²⁻³⁵/


象棋子

/ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi³⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi³⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


王翼易位

ㄨㄤˊ ㄧˋ ㄧˋ ㄨㄟˋ

/wɑŋ³⁵ i⁵¹⁻⁵³ i⁵¹⁻⁵³ weɪ̯⁵¹/

/wɑŋ³⁵ i⁵¹⁻⁵³ i⁵¹⁻⁵³ weɪ̯⁵¹/


后翼易位

ㄏㄡˋ ㄧˋ ㄧˋ ㄨㄟˋ

/xoʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ i⁵¹⁻⁵³ i⁵¹⁻⁵³ weɪ̯⁵¹/

/xoʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ i⁵¹⁻⁵³ i⁵¹⁻⁵³ weɪ̯⁵¹/


殘棋

/t͡sʰän³⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/t͡sʰän³⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/


長考

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ kʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ kʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(chiefly chess, card games, mahjong) to consider for a long time


妙棋

/mi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/mi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/


拓兵

/tʰu(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ piɪŋ⁴⁴/

/tʰu(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ piɪŋ⁴⁴/

(Hokkien, xiangqi, chess) to move the pawn (on the red side) forward


拓卒

/tʰu(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ t͡sut̚³²/

/lu(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ t͡sut̚³²/

/tʰu(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ t͡sut̚³²/

/lu(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ t͡sut̚³²/

(Hokkien, xiangqi, chess) to move the pawn (on the black side) forward


卒仔

/t͡sut̚³²⁻⁴ a⁵³/

/t͡sut̚⁵⁻²⁴ a⁵⁵⁴/

/t͡sut̚³²⁻⁵ a⁵³/

/t͡sut̚³²⁻⁴ a⁵³/

/t͡sut̚³²⁻⁴ a⁴¹/

/t͡sut̚³²⁻⁴ a⁵³/

/t͡sut̚⁵⁻²⁴ a⁵⁵⁴/

/t͡sut̚³²⁻⁵ a⁵³/

/t͡sut̚³²⁻⁴ a⁵³/

/t͡sut̚³²⁻⁴ a⁴¹/

(Hokkien, xiangqi, chess) pawn (on the black side)


過河卒

/kʷɔː³³ hɔː²¹ t͡sɵt̚⁵/

/kᵘɔ³³ hᵘɔ²² tut̚⁵⁵/

/kʷɔː³³ hɔː²¹ t͡sɵt̚⁵/

/kᵘɔ³³ hᵘɔ²² tut̚⁵⁵/

(Cantonese, xiangqi, chess) pawn who has crossed to the other side of the river


過河卒子

ㄍㄨㄛˋ ㄏㄜˊ ㄗㄨˊ ˙ㄗ

/ku̯ɔ⁵¹ xɤ³⁵ t͡su³⁵ d͡z̥z̩³/

/ku̯ɔ⁵¹ xɤ³⁵ t͡su³⁵ d͡z̥z̩³/

(xiangqi, chess) pawn who has crossed to the other side of the river