孔夫子

Sino-Xenic (孔夫子):
* → Japanese: 孔(こう)夫(ふう)子(し) (Kōfūshi)
* → Korean: 공부자(孔夫子) (Gongbuja)
* → Vietnamese: Khổng Phu Tử (孔夫子)

desc

→ Classical Mongolian: ᠺᠦᠩᠹᠦᠽᠢ (küngfüzi)

Mongolian: ᠺᠦᠩᠹᠦᠽᠢ (küngfüzi), Күнфүз (Künfüz)

→ Finnish: Kungfutse, Konfutse

→ Indonesian: Konghucu, Khonghucu, Kong Hu Cu, Khong Hu Cu

→ Latin: Confucius

→ English: Confucius

→ French: Confucius

→ German: Konfuzius

→ Italian: Confucio

→ Portuguese: Confúcio

⇒ Russian: Конфуцій (Konfucij), Конфуций (Konfucij)

→ Spanish: Confucio

→ Manchu: ᡴᡠᠩᡶᡠᡯ (kungfudz)

→ Tibetan: ཁུང་ཧྥུ་ཙི (khung hphu tsi)

/kʰʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ fu⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/hʊŋ³⁵ fuː⁵⁵ t͡siː³⁵/

/kʰuŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ fu²⁴ t͡sɨ³¹/

/kʰɔŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ hu³³ t͡sɯ⁵⁵⁴/

/kʰɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hu⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡su⁵³/

/kʰɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hu⁴⁴⁻²² t͡su⁵³/

/kʰɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ hu⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡su⁴¹/

/kʰoŋ⁵²⁻³⁵ hu³³⁻²³ t͡sɯ⁵²/

/kʰʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ fu⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/hʊŋ³⁵ fuː⁵⁵ t͡siː³⁵/

/kʰuŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ fu²⁴ t͡sɨ³¹/

/kʰɔŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ hu³³ t͡sɯ⁵⁵⁴/

/kʰɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hu⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡su⁵³/

/kʰɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hu⁴⁴⁻²² t͡su⁵³/

/kʰɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ hu⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡su⁴¹/

/kʰoŋ⁵²⁻³⁵ hu³³⁻²³ t͡sɯ⁵²/


五代十國

ㄨˇ ㄉㄞˋ ㄕˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ

/u²¹⁴⁻²¹ taɪ̯⁵¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

/ŋ̍¹³ tɔːi̯²² sɐp̚² kʷɔːk̚³/

/ŋ̍³¹ tʰoi̯⁵⁵ sɨp̚⁵ ku̯et̚²/

/ŋu³³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾lɑi²⁴² sɛiʔ⁵⁻²¹ kuɔʔ²⁴/

/ɡɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tai⁴¹⁻²² sip̚²⁴⁻² kɔk̚⁵/

/ŋɔ̃⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tai³³⁻²¹ sip̚⁴⁻³² kɔk̚³²/

/ŋɔ̃⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tai²²⁻²¹ sip̚⁴⁻³² kɔk̚³²/

/ŋɔ̃⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tai²²⁻²¹ sip̚¹²¹⁻²¹ kɔk̚³²/

/ŋɔ̃⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tai³³⁻¹¹ sip̚⁴⁻³² kɔk̚³²/

/u²¹⁴⁻²¹ taɪ̯⁵¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

/ŋ̍¹³ tɔːi̯²² sɐp̚² kʷɔːk̚³/

/ŋ̍³¹ tʰoi̯⁵⁵ sɨp̚⁵ ku̯et̚²/

/ŋu³³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾lɑi²⁴² sɛiʔ⁵⁻²¹ kuɔʔ²⁴/

/ɡɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tai⁴¹⁻²² sip̚²⁴⁻² kɔk̚⁵/

/ŋɔ̃⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tai³³⁻²¹ sip̚⁴⁻³² kɔk̚³²/

/ŋɔ̃⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tai²²⁻²¹ sip̚⁴⁻³² kɔk̚³²/

/ŋɔ̃⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tai²²⁻²¹ sip̚¹²¹⁻²¹ kɔk̚³²/

/ŋɔ̃⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tai³³⁻¹¹ sip̚⁴⁻³² kɔk̚³²/

the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period (907–979)

Cao Wei
Chen dynasty
Eastern Han dynasty
Eastern Wei
Eastern Wu
Eastern Zhou dynasty
Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms
Han dynasty
Jin dynasty (1115–1234)
Jin dynasty (265–420)
Liang dynasty
Liao dynasty
Liu Song dynasty
Ming dynasty
Northern Qi
Northern Wei
Northern Zhou
Northern and Southern dynasties
Qin dynasty
Qing dynasty
Shang dynasty
Shu Han
Song dynasty
Southern Qi
Southern and Northern dynasties
Spring and Autumn period
Sui dynasty
Tang dynasty
Three Kingdoms
Warring States period
Western Han dynasty
Western Liao
Western Wei
Western Xia
Western Zhou dynasty
Xia dynasty
Xin dynasty
Yuan dynasty
Zhou dynasty


陳朝

/ʈ͡ʂʰən³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯³⁵/

/t͡sʰɐn²¹ t͡sʰiːu̯²¹/

/tiŋ⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾nieu⁵³/

/ʈ͡ʂʰən³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯³⁵/

/t͡sʰɐn²¹ t͡sʰiːu̯²¹/

/tiŋ⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾nieu⁵³/

(Chinese history) the Chen dynasty (557-589), one of the southern dynasties of China


赤帝

/ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ ti⁵¹/

/t͡sʰɪk̚³ tɐi̯³³/

/t͡sʰɛːk̚³ tɐi̯³³/

/ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ ti⁵¹/

/t͡sʰɪk̚³ tɐi̯³³/

/t͡sʰɛːk̚³ tɐi̯³³/

(archaic) the Red Emperor (another of the five legendary Emperors, the Emperor of the South)


漫畫

English: manhua (“Chinese comics”)

French: manhua (“Chinese comics”)

Russian: маньхуа́ (manʹxuá, “Chinese comics”)

/män⁵¹⁻⁵³ xu̯ä⁵¹/

/maːn²² waː²²⁻³⁵/

/ban²²⁻²¹ ua²²/

/ban²²⁻²¹ ui²²/

/ban⁴¹⁻²² ue⁴¹/

/ban³³⁻¹¹ ue³³/

/ban³³⁻²¹ ue³³/

/baŋ²¹⁻⁴¹ ɡa²¹/

/baŋ¹¹⁻⁵³ ɡa¹¹/

/män⁵¹⁻⁵³ xu̯ä⁵¹/

/maːn²² waː²²⁻³⁵/

/ban²²⁻²¹ ua²²/

/ban²²⁻²¹ ui²²/

/ban⁴¹⁻²² ue⁴¹/

/ban³³⁻¹¹ ue³³/

/ban³³⁻²¹ ue³³/

/baŋ²¹⁻⁴¹ ɡa²¹/

/baŋ¹¹⁻⁵³ ɡa¹¹/

Wasei kango (和製漢語), orthographically borrowed from Japanese 漫(まん)画(が) (manga).

wasei kango

comics; caricature; cartoon; manga; manhwa; manhua


道教

ja-r

道(どう)教(きょう) (Dōkyō)

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (道教):
* → Japanese: 道(どう)教(きょう) (Dōkyō)
* → Korean: 도교(道敎) (Dogyo)
* → Vietnamese: Đạo giáo (道教)

/tɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/tʰau⁵³⁻⁵⁵ kau⁵³/

/tɤ³³⁻²¹ kau²¹/

/to³³⁻¹¹ kau¹¹/

/to²²⁻²¹ kau²¹/

/tɔ³³⁻²² kau⁴¹/

/to³³⁻²² kau⁴¹/

/tau³⁵⁻¹¹ ka²¹³/

/tɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/tʰau⁵³⁻⁵⁵ kau⁵³/

/tɤ³³⁻²¹ kau²¹/

/to³³⁻¹¹ kau¹¹/

/to²²⁻²¹ kau²¹/

/tɔ³³⁻²² kau⁴¹/

/to³³⁻²² kau⁴¹/

/tau³⁵⁻¹¹ ka²¹³/


手足

/ʂoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡su³⁵/

/sɐu̯³⁵ t͡sʊk̚⁵/

/t͡sʰiu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡siɔk̚³²/

/t͡sʰiu⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡siɔk̚⁵/

/t͡sʰiu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡siɔk̚³²/

/t͡sʰiu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡siɔk̚³²/

/t͡sʰiu⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡siɔk̚³²/

/ʂoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡su³⁵/

/sɐu̯³⁵ t͡sʊk̚⁵/

/t͡sʰiu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡siɔk̚³²/

/t͡sʰiu⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡siɔk̚⁵/

/t͡sʰiu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡siɔk̚³²/

/t͡sʰiu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡siɔk̚³²/

/t͡sʰiu⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡siɔk̚³²/

(neologism, HK politics) fellow Hong Kong protestors


神仙

Sino-Xenic (神仙):
* → Japanese: 神(しん)仙(せん) (shinsen)
* → Korean: 신선(神仙) (sinseon)
* → Vietnamese: thần tiên (神仙)

/ʂən³⁵ ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/ʂən³⁵ ɕi̯ɛn³/

/sin²⁴⁻²² siɛn⁴⁴/

/sin²⁴⁻²² siɛn³³/

/sin¹³⁻²² siɛn⁴⁴/

/sin²⁴⁻¹¹ siɛn⁴⁴/

/sin²³⁻³³ siɛn⁴⁴/

/seŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ siaŋ³³/

/ʂən³⁵ ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/ʂən³⁵ ɕi̯ɛn³/

/sin²⁴⁻²² siɛn⁴⁴/

/sin²⁴⁻²² siɛn³³/

/sin¹³⁻²² siɛn⁴⁴/

/sin²⁴⁻¹¹ siɛn⁴⁴/

/sin²³⁻³³ siɛn⁴⁴/

/seŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ siaŋ³³/

神仙傳

神仙传

(Chinese mythology, Taoism) immortals; supernatural entity; celestial being; transcendent being


住持

/ʈ͡ʂu⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩³⁵/

/t͡su²²⁻²¹ t͡sʰi²⁴/

/t͡su⁴¹⁻²² t͡sʰi²⁴/

/t͡su²²⁻²¹ t͡sʰi¹³/

/t͡su³³⁻¹¹ t͡sʰi²⁴/

/t͡su³³⁻²¹ t͡sʰi²³/

/ʈ͡ʂu⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩³⁵/

/t͡su²²⁻²¹ t͡sʰi²⁴/

/t͡su⁴¹⁻²² t͡sʰi²⁴/

/t͡su²²⁻²¹ t͡sʰi¹³/

/t͡su³³⁻¹¹ t͡sʰi²⁴/

/t͡su³³⁻²¹ t͡sʰi²³/

(Taoism, Buddhism) to administer a monastery


住持

/ʈ͡ʂu⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩³⁵/

/t͡su²²⁻²¹ t͡sʰi²⁴/

/t͡su⁴¹⁻²² t͡sʰi²⁴/

/t͡su²²⁻²¹ t͡sʰi¹³/

/t͡su³³⁻¹¹ t͡sʰi²⁴/

/t͡su³³⁻²¹ t͡sʰi²³/

/ʈ͡ʂu⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩³⁵/

/t͡su²²⁻²¹ t͡sʰi²⁴/

/t͡su⁴¹⁻²² t͡sʰi²⁴/

/t͡su²²⁻²¹ t͡sʰi¹³/

/t͡su³³⁻¹¹ t͡sʰi²⁴/

/t͡su³³⁻²¹ t͡sʰi²³/


延祐

/jɛn³⁵ joʊ̯⁵¹/

/jɛn³⁵ joʊ̯⁵¹/

the Yanyou era (1314 - 1320), a Chinese era name for Emperor Renzong of Yuan


扶桑

/fu³⁵ sɑŋ⁵⁵/

/fuː²¹ sɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/hu²⁴⁻²² sɔŋ⁴⁴/

/hu²⁴⁻²² sɔŋ³³/

/hu¹³⁻²² sɔŋ⁴⁴/

/hu²⁴⁻¹¹ sɔŋ⁴⁴/

/hu²³⁻³³ sɔŋ⁴⁴/

/fu³⁵ sɑŋ⁵⁵/

/fuː²¹ sɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/hu²⁴⁻²² sɔŋ⁴⁴/

/hu²⁴⁻²² sɔŋ³³/

/hu¹³⁻²² sɔŋ⁴⁴/

/hu²⁴⁻¹¹ sɔŋ⁴⁴/

/hu²³⁻³³ sɔŋ⁴⁴/

The Ruists reason that: "The sun at dawn rises from the Supportive Mulberry-tree, at dusk sets into the Lissom Willow."

Wang Chong, Lun Heng (Discussive Weighing), 80 CE

Rúzhě lùn: “Rì dàn chū fúsāng, mù rù xìliǔ.”

儒者論：「日旦出扶桑，暮入細柳。」

儒者论：「日旦出扶桑，暮入细柳。」

(Chinese mythology) legendary mulberry tree in the ocean where the sun is supposed to rise

(Chinese mythology) Fusang, legendary land to the East commonly assumed to be Japan


月宮

/ɥɛ⁵¹ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

/jyːt̚² kʊŋ⁵⁵/

/ɡuat̚⁴⁻³² kiɔŋ⁴⁴/

/ɡe(ʔ)⁴⁻¹¹ kiɔŋ⁴⁴/

/ɡue(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ kiɔŋ⁴⁴/

/ɥɛ⁵¹ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

/jyːt̚² kʊŋ⁵⁵/

/ɡuat̚⁴⁻³² kiɔŋ⁴⁴/

/ɡe(ʔ)⁴⁻¹¹ kiɔŋ⁴⁴/

/ɡue(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ kiɔŋ⁴⁴/

(Chinese mythology) the palace of the Moon


仙子

/ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/siɛn⁴⁴⁻²² t͡su⁵³/

/siɛn⁴⁴⁻²² t͡su⁵³/

/siɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡su⁵³/

/siɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡su⁴¹/

/ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/siɛn⁴⁴⁻²² t͡su⁵³/

/siɛn⁴⁴⁻²² t͡su⁵³/

/siɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡su⁵³/

/siɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡su⁴¹/


金吾

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ u³⁵/

/kɐm⁵⁵ ŋ̍²¹/

/kim⁴⁴⁻²² ŋɔ̃²⁴/

/kim⁴⁴⁻²² ɡɔ²⁴/

/kim³³ ŋɔ̃²⁴/

/kim³³ ɡɔ²⁴/

/kim⁴⁴⁻²² ŋɔ̃¹³/

/kim⁴⁴⁻²² ɡɔ¹³/

/kim⁴⁴⁻³³ ŋɔ̃²⁴/

/kim⁴⁴⁻³³ ɡɔ²⁴/

/kim⁴⁴⁻³³ ŋɔ̃²³/

/kim⁴⁴⁻³³ ɡɔ²³/

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ u³⁵/

/kɐm⁵⁵ ŋ̍²¹/

/kim⁴⁴⁻²² ŋɔ̃²⁴/

/kim⁴⁴⁻²² ɡɔ²⁴/

/kim³³ ŋɔ̃²⁴/

/kim³³ ɡɔ²⁴/

/kim⁴⁴⁻²² ŋɔ̃¹³/

/kim⁴⁴⁻²² ɡɔ¹³/

/kim⁴⁴⁻³³ ŋɔ̃²⁴/

/kim⁴⁴⁻³³ ɡɔ²⁴/

/kim⁴⁴⁻³³ ŋɔ̃²³/

/kim⁴⁴⁻³³ ɡɔ²³/

(Chinese mythology) a mythical bird said to keep out misfortune


道人

/tɑʊ̯⁵¹ ʐən³⁵/

/tɑʊ̯⁵¹ ʐən¹/

/to²²⁻²¹ lin²⁴/

/tau³⁵⁻¹¹ d͡ziŋ⁵⁵/

/tɒu̯⁴⁵ ʐən¹³/

/tɑʊ̯⁵¹ ʐən³⁵/

/tɑʊ̯⁵¹ ʐən¹/

/to²²⁻²¹ lin²⁴/

/tau³⁵⁻¹¹ d͡ziŋ⁵⁵/

/tɒu̯⁴⁵ ʐən¹³/

(honorific, Taoism) Taoist priest; Taoist devotee


孝行

ja-r

孝(こう)行(こう) (kōkō)

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (孝行):
* → Japanese: 孝(こう)行(こう) (kōkō)
* → Korean: 효행(孝行) (hyohaeng)
* → Vietnamese: hiếu hạnh (孝行)

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹ ɕiŋ³⁵/

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕiŋ⁵¹/

/haːu̯³³ hɐŋ²²/

/hau²¹⁻⁵³ hiɪŋ²²/

/hau⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ hiɪŋ⁴¹/

/hau²¹⁻⁵³ hiɪŋ²²/

/hau¹¹⁻⁵³ hiɪŋ³³/

/hau²¹⁻⁴¹ hiɪŋ³³/

/hau²¹³⁻⁵⁵ heŋ³⁵/

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹ ɕiŋ³⁵/

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕiŋ⁵¹/

/haːu̯³³ hɐŋ²²/

/hau²¹⁻⁵³ hiɪŋ²²/

/hau⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ hiɪŋ⁴¹/

/hau²¹⁻⁵³ hiɪŋ²²/

/hau¹¹⁻⁵³ hiɪŋ³³/

/hau²¹⁻⁴¹ hiɪŋ³³/

/hau²¹³⁻⁵⁵ heŋ³⁵/

孝義

devotion to one's parents and loyalty to one's friends


王者

ja-r

王者(おうじゃ) (ōja)

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (王者):
* → Japanese: 王者(おうじゃ) (ōja)
* → Korean: 왕자(王者) (wangja)
* → Vietnamese: vương giả (王者)

/wɑŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂɤ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/wɔːŋ²¹ t͡sɛː³⁵/

/ɔŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡sia⁵³/

/ɔŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡sia⁵⁵⁴/

/ɔŋ¹³⁻²² t͡sia⁵³/

/ɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sia⁵³/

/ɔŋ²³⁻³³ t͡sia⁴¹/

/uaŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sia⁵²/

/wɑŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂɤ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/wɔːŋ²¹ t͡sɛː³⁵/

/ɔŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡sia⁵³/

/ɔŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡sia⁵⁵⁴/

/ɔŋ¹³⁻²² t͡sia⁵³/

/ɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sia⁵³/

/ɔŋ²³⁻³³ t͡sia⁴¹/

/uaŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sia⁵²/

(archaic, Confucianism) true king; kingly one (one who has lived up to the moral standards required to rule as a monarch)


蓬萊

Uncertain.
It bears striking resemblance to a Southeast Asian word for “sea”. Compare Burmese ပင်လယ် (panglai, “sea; ocean”), Shan ပၢင်ႇလၢႆႇ (pàang làai, “sea; ocean”), Jingpho pang lai (“sea”), S'gaw Karen ပီၣ်လဲၣ် (paẁ leh̀, “sea”). These seem to be borrowings, possibly from a Mon-Khmer language; compare Proto-Mon-Khmer *d[n]liʔ (“sea”), whence Old Khmer danle, danley (“large river; lake; sea”) > Khmer ទន្លេ (tɔɔtŭənlei, “river”), Thai ทะเล (tá-lee, “sea”) (Schuessler, 2007).
Alternatively, it may be a transcription of an earlier Austroasiatic name; cf. 萊國／莱国 (Láiguó, “Lai”), an ancient Dongyi tribe, where 萊／莱 (lái) has been argued to transcribe a native word for "mountain" or "wilderness". The latter interpretation was mentioned in the Classical Chinese text Yue Jue Shu (越絕書 [Eastern Han]) and discussed by Zhengzhang (1999).

cog

/pʰɤŋ³⁵ laɪ̯³⁵/

/pʰʊŋ²¹ lɔːi̯²¹/

/fʊŋ²¹ lɔːi̯²¹/

/hɔŋ²⁴⁻²² lai²⁴/

/hɔŋ²⁴⁻²² lai²⁴/

/hɔŋ¹³⁻²² lai¹³/

/hɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ lai²⁴/

/hɔŋ²³⁻³³ lai²³/

/pʰɤŋ³⁵ laɪ̯³⁵/

/pʰʊŋ²¹ lɔːi̯²¹/

/fʊŋ²¹ lɔːi̯²¹/

/hɔŋ²⁴⁻²² lai²⁴/

/hɔŋ²⁴⁻²² lai²⁴/

/hɔŋ¹³⁻²² lai¹³/

/hɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ lai²⁴/

/hɔŋ²³⁻³³ lai²³/

See also: 瀛洲, 方丈

(Chinese mythology) Penglai (a mythical eastern isle of immortals)


方丈

/fɑŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂɑŋ⁵¹/

/fɑŋ⁵⁵ ɖ͡ʐ̥ɑŋ²/

/fɔːŋ⁵⁵ t͡sœːŋ²²/

/huaŋ³³⁻²³ t͡siaŋ³⁵/

/fɑ̃⁵⁵ zã²¹/

/fɑŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂɑŋ⁵¹/

/fɑŋ⁵⁵ ɖ͡ʐ̥ɑŋ²/

/fɔːŋ⁵⁵ t͡sœːŋ²²/

/huaŋ³³⁻²³ t͡siaŋ³⁵/

/fɑ̃⁵⁵ zã²¹/

See also: 蓬萊, 瀛洲

Xu Fu of the state of Qi and others have written, saying that in the sea there are three mountains of immortals; they are called Penglai, Fangzhang, and Yingzhou.

Qí rén Xúfú děng shàngshū, yán hǎi zhōng yǒu sān shénshān, míng yuē Pénglái, Fāngzhàng, Yíngzhōu.

齊人徐巿等上書，言海中有三神山，名曰蓬萊、方丈、瀛洲。

齐人徐巿等上书，言海中有三神山，名曰蓬莱、方丈、瀛洲。

(Chinese mythology) a mystical mountain island in the sea


黃門侍郎

ja-r

黄門侍郎(こうもんじろう) (kōmonjirō)

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (黃門侍郎):
* → Japanese: 黄門侍郎(こうもんじろう) (kōmonjirō)

ㄏㄨㄤˊ ㄇㄣˊ ㄕˋ ㄌㄤˊ

хуанмэнь шилан

/xu̯ɑŋ³⁵ mən³⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹ lɑŋ³⁵/

/xu̯ɑŋ³⁵ mən³⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹ lɑŋ³⁵/

(archaic) Deputy Head of the Edict Examination Bureau (門下省)


煩惱

/fän³⁵ nɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/huan²³⁻³³ lɤ⁴¹/

/huan²⁴⁻²² lo⁵⁵⁴/

/huan²⁴⁻²² ho⁵⁵⁴/

/hueŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ lo⁵²/

/huaŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ lo⁵²/

/fän³⁵ nɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/huan²³⁻³³ lɤ⁴¹/

/huan²⁴⁻²² lo⁵⁵⁴/

/huan²⁴⁻²² ho⁵⁵⁴/

/hueŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ lo⁵²/

/huaŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ lo⁵²/


閻王

Cebuano: yawa

Hiligaynon: yawa

Tagalog: yawa

Waray-Waray: yawa

/jɛn³⁵ wɑŋ³⁵/

/nʲiɛn²¹ uaŋ²¹⁻⁵⁵/

/jiːm²¹ wɔːŋ²¹/

/iɛn³⁵ uɔŋ²/

/iam¹¹ ʋɔŋ¹¹/

/ŋia⁵³⁻⁵⁵ uoŋ⁵³/

/ɡiam²⁴⁻²² ɔŋ²⁴/

/ɡiam²⁴⁻²² ɔŋ²⁴/

/ɡiam¹³⁻²² ɔŋ¹³/

/ɡiam²⁴⁻¹¹ ɔŋ²⁴/

/ɡiam²³⁻³³ ɔŋ²³/

/n̠ʲi²² ɦuɑ̃⁴⁴/

/n̠ʲi̯ẽ¹³ u̯an¹³/

/jɛn³⁵ wɑŋ³⁵/

/nʲiɛn²¹ uaŋ²¹⁻⁵⁵/

/jiːm²¹ wɔːŋ²¹/

/iɛn³⁵ uɔŋ²/

/iam¹¹ ʋɔŋ¹¹/

/ŋia⁵³⁻⁵⁵ uoŋ⁵³/

/ɡiam²⁴⁻²² ɔŋ²⁴/

/ɡiam²⁴⁻²² ɔŋ²⁴/

/ɡiam¹³⁻²² ɔŋ¹³/

/ɡiam²⁴⁻¹¹ ɔŋ²⁴/

/ɡiam²³⁻³³ ɔŋ²³/

/n̠ʲi²² ɦuɑ̃⁴⁴/

/n̠ʲi̯ẽ¹³ u̯an¹³/

Partial calque of Sanskrit यमराज (yamarāja).

閻王叫你三更死，誰敢留人到五更 / 阎王叫你三更死，谁敢留人到五更

Yánwáng jiào nǐ sāngēng sǐ, shéi gǎn liú rén dào wǔgēng

(Buddhism, Chinese mythology) Synonym of 閻羅 /阎罗 (Yánluó, “Yama (god of the underworld)”)


上帝

ja-r

上帝(じょうてい) (jōtei)

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (上帝):
* → Japanese: 上帝(じょうてい) (jōtei)
* → Korean: 상제(上帝) (sangje)
* → Vietnamese: Thượng Đế (上帝)

/ʂɑŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ti⁵¹/

/sœːŋ²² tɐi̯³³/

/soŋ⁵⁵ tʰi⁵⁵/

/ʃoŋ³³ ti¹¹/

/t͡siɔŋ⁵⁵ ti³³/

/suoŋ²⁴²⁻⁵³ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾nɑ²¹³/

/ɬyɒŋ²¹⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾ne⁴²/

/ɬyøŋ²¹⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾ne⁴²/

/siɔŋ³³⁻¹¹ te¹¹/

/siɔŋ⁴¹⁻²² te⁴¹/

/siɔŋ²²⁻²¹ te²¹/

/siɔŋ³³⁻²¹ te²¹/

/siaŋ²²⁻²¹ te²¹/

/siaŋ³⁵⁻¹¹ ti²¹³/

/zɑ̃²² ti⁴⁴/

/ʂɑŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ti⁵¹/

/sœːŋ²² tɐi̯³³/

/soŋ⁵⁵ tʰi⁵⁵/

/ʃoŋ³³ ti¹¹/

/t͡siɔŋ⁵⁵ ti³³/

/suoŋ²⁴²⁻⁵³ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾nɑ²¹³/

/ɬyɒŋ²¹⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾ne⁴²/

/ɬyøŋ²¹⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾ne⁴²/

/siɔŋ³³⁻¹¹ te¹¹/

/siɔŋ⁴¹⁻²² te⁴¹/

/siɔŋ²²⁻²¹ te²¹/

/siɔŋ³³⁻²¹ te²¹/

/siaŋ²²⁻²¹ te²¹/

/siaŋ³⁵⁻¹¹ ti²¹³/

/zɑ̃²² ti⁴⁴/

;Shangdi (the supreme deity in Chinese mythology and folk religion)
;God (Christian)
;customers

Suī yǒu èrén, zhāijiè mùyù, zé kě yǐ sì Shàngdì.

雖有惡人，齋戒沐浴，則可以祀上帝。

虽有恶人，斋戒沐浴，则可以祀上帝。

Kuàngqiě lǎo dàrén huà guò duōshào xīnlì ne. Jiè le Shàngdì de xīrǎng, lái yān hóngshuǐ, suīrán chù le Shàngdì de nǎonù, hóngshuǐ de shēndù kě yě qiǎn le yīdiǎn le.

況且老大人化過多少心力呢。借了上帝的息壤，來湮洪水，雖然觸了上帝的惱怒，洪水的深度可也淺了一點了。

况且老大人化过多少心力呢。借了上帝的息壤，来湮洪水，虽然触了上帝的恼怒，洪水的深度可也浅了一点了。

(Chinese mythology, Chinese folk religion) Shangdi (sky deity in Chinese traditional religions)


火德星君

ㄏㄨㄛˇ ㄉㄜˊ ㄒㄧㄥ ㄐㄩㄣ

ходэ синцзюнь

/xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ tɤ³⁵ ɕiŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕyn⁵⁵/

/fɔː³⁵ tɐk̚⁵ sɪŋ⁵⁵ kʷɐn⁵⁵/

/xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ tɤ³⁵ ɕiŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕyn⁵⁵/

/fɔː³⁵ tɐk̚⁵ sɪŋ⁵⁵ kʷɐn⁵⁵/

火德 (the fire virtue) + 星君 (the ruler of a star)
: The ruler of the "fire virtue star"


棉襖

/mi̯ɛn³⁵ ˀɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/miɛn³⁵ ŋau²¹³/

/mĩ¹³⁻²² o²¹/

/mĩ²⁴⁻²² o²¹/

/mĩ²⁴⁻²² o⁵⁵⁴/

/mĩ²³⁻³³ ɤ⁴¹/

/mĩ²⁴⁻¹¹ o⁵³/

/mi̯ẽ¹³ ŋɒu̯⁴¹/

/mi̯ɛn³⁵ ˀɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/miɛn³⁵ ŋau²¹³/

/mĩ¹³⁻²² o²¹/

/mĩ²⁴⁻²² o²¹/

/mĩ²⁴⁻²² o⁵⁵⁴/

/mĩ²³⁻³³ ɤ⁴¹/

/mĩ²⁴⁻¹¹ o⁵³/

/mi̯ẽ¹³ ŋɒu̯⁴¹/

Sense 2 is calque of Russian ва́тник (vátnik).

GT - General Taiwanese (no specific region identified)

(neologism, derogatory, Internet slang) a supporter of Russian nationalism or the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine; a vatnik.

(neologism, derogatory, Internet slang, by extension) A Chinese nationalist who supports aggressive actions by China against Taiwan or China's geopolitical enemies.


國民黨

ㄍㄨㄛˊ ㄇㄧㄣˊ ㄉㄤˇ

ㄍㄨㄛˊ ㄇㄧㄣˊ ㄉㄤˇ

/ku̯ɔ³⁵ min³⁵ tɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kʷɔːk̚³ mɐn²¹ tɔːŋ³⁵/

/kɔk̚⁵⁵ ᵐbin²² ɔŋ⁵⁵/

/kɔk̚³²⁻⁴ bin²⁴⁻²² tɔŋ⁵³/

/kɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ bin²⁴⁻²² tɔŋ⁵⁵⁴/

/kɔk̚³²⁻⁵ bin¹³⁻²² tɔŋ⁵³/

/kɔk̚³²⁻⁴ bin²⁴⁻¹¹ tɔŋ⁵³/

/kɔk̚³²⁻⁴ bin²³⁻³³ tɔŋ⁴¹/

/kok̚²⁻⁴ miŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ taŋ⁵²/

/ku̯ɔ³⁵ min³⁵ tɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kʷɔːk̚³ mɐn²¹ tɔːŋ³⁵/

/kɔk̚⁵⁵ ᵐbin²² ɔŋ⁵⁵/

/kɔk̚³²⁻⁴ bin²⁴⁻²² tɔŋ⁵³/

/kɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ bin²⁴⁻²² tɔŋ⁵⁵⁴/

/kɔk̚³²⁻⁵ bin¹³⁻²² tɔŋ⁵³/

/kɔk̚³²⁻⁴ bin²⁴⁻¹¹ tɔŋ⁵³/

/kɔk̚³²⁻⁴ bin²³⁻³³ tɔŋ⁴¹/

/kok̚²⁻⁴ miŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ taŋ⁵²/

After winning the South African general election in 1948, the National Party implemented a series of discriminative measures against Black people, known as "apartheid" later.

Zài 1948 nián nánfēi dàxuǎn shèngxuǎn hòu, guómíndǎng tuīchū yī xìliè qíshì hēirén de cuòshī, bèi hòushì chēngwèi “zhǒngzúgélí”.

在1948年南非大選勝選後，國民黨推出一系列歧視黑人的措施，被後世稱爲「種族隔離」。

在1948年南非大选胜选后，国民党推出一系列歧视黑人的措施，被后世称为「种族隔离」。


道士

Sino-Xenic (道士):
* → Japanese: 道士(どうし) (dōshi)
* → Korean: 도사(道士) (dosa)
* → Vietnamese: đạo sĩ (道士)

→ Manchu: ᡩᠣᠣᠰᡝ (doose)

/tɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/tɑʊ̯⁵¹ ʂʐ̩¹/

/tou̯²² siː²²⁻³⁵/

/tɔu³² si³²⁻³⁵/

/au³² ɬu³²⁻³²⁵/

/to²⁴²⁻²¹ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾lɑi²⁴²/

/tɤ³³⁻²¹ su³³/

/to³³⁻¹¹ su³³/

/to²²⁻²¹ su²²/

/tau³⁵⁻¹¹ sɯ³⁵/

/tau³⁵⁻¹¹ su³⁵/

/dɔ²² zz̩⁴⁴/

/dɔ³¹ ʔzz̩³³/

/dæ²³ zz̩¹¹/

/dɔ¹¹ zz̩⁵³/

/tɑu⁵³ sz̩⁵³⁵/

/tɒu̯⁴⁵ sz̩³/

/tɤ¹¹ d͡zz̩¹¹⁻¹/

/tɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/tɑʊ̯⁵¹ ʂʐ̩¹/

/tou̯²² siː²²⁻³⁵/

/tɔu³² si³²⁻³⁵/

/au³² ɬu³²⁻³²⁵/

/to²⁴²⁻²¹ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾lɑi²⁴²/

/tɤ³³⁻²¹ su³³/

/to³³⁻¹¹ su³³/

/to²²⁻²¹ su²²/

/tau³⁵⁻¹¹ sɯ³⁵/

/tau³⁵⁻¹¹ su³⁵/

/dɔ²² zz̩⁴⁴/

/dɔ³¹ ʔzz̩³³/

/dæ²³ zz̩¹¹/

/dɔ¹¹ zz̩⁵³/

/dɔ²² zz̩⁴⁴/

/tɑu⁵³ sz̩⁵³⁵/

/tɒu̯⁴⁵ sz̩³/

/tɤ¹¹ d͡zz̩¹¹⁻¹/


凌遲

/liŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩³⁵/

/lɪŋ²¹ t͡sʰiː²¹/

/liɪŋ²³⁻³³ ti²³/

/liɪŋ²⁴⁻²² ti²⁴/

/liɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ ti²⁴/

/leŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sʰi⁵⁵/

/liŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩³⁵/

/lɪŋ²¹ t͡sʰiː²¹/

/liɪŋ²³⁻³³ ti²³/

/liɪŋ²⁴⁻²² ti²⁴/

/liɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ ti²⁴/

/leŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sʰi⁵⁵/


丁丁

/tiŋ⁵⁵ tiŋ⁵⁵/

/tiŋ⁵⁵ tiŋ⁵⁵/

(Taoism) Alternative name for Ding Lingwei.


不二論

/pu⁵¹⁻³⁵ ˀɤɻ⁵¹⁻⁵³ lu̯ən⁵¹/

/pɐt̚⁵ jiː²² lɵn²²/

/pu⁵¹⁻³⁵ ˀɤɻ⁵¹⁻⁵³ lu̯ən⁵¹/

/pɐt̚⁵ jiː²² lɵn²²/


仙骨

/ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(Taoism) immortal-like physique or qualities


四人幫

/sz̩⁵¹ ʐən³⁵ pɑŋ⁵⁵/

/sei̯³³ jɐn²¹ pɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/sz̩⁵¹ ʐən³⁵ pɑŋ⁵⁵/

/sei̯³³ jɐn²¹ pɔːŋ⁵⁵/

the Gang of Four, a leftist political faction composed of four Chinese Communist Party officials that came to prominence during the Chinese Cultural Revolution


四舊

→ English: Four Olds (calque)

/sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵¹/

/sei̯³³ kɐu̯²²/

/sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵¹/

/sei̯³³ kɐu̯²²/

(historical) the Four Olds (four traditional aspects of Chinese culture targeted for destruction during China's Cultural Revolution)


解放

/t͡ɕi̯ɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹ fɑŋ⁵¹/

/kaːi̯³⁵ fɔːŋ³³/

/kai³³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾uɔŋ²¹³/

/kai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hɔŋ²¹/

/kai⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ hɔŋ⁴¹/

/kai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hɔŋ²¹/

/kai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hɔŋ¹¹/

/kai⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ hɔŋ²¹/

/koi⁵²⁻³⁵ huaŋ²¹³/

/t͡ɕia³³ fɑ̃⁴⁴/

/t͡ɕi̯ɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹ fɑŋ⁵¹/

/kaːi̯³⁵ fɔːŋ³³/

/kai³³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾uɔŋ²¹³/

/kai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hɔŋ²¹/

/kai⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ hɔŋ⁴¹/

/kai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hɔŋ²¹/

/kai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hɔŋ¹¹/

/kai⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ hɔŋ²¹/

/koi⁵²⁻³⁵ huaŋ²¹³/

/t͡ɕia³³ fɑ̃⁴⁴/

Wasei kango (和製漢語), orthographically borrowed from Japanese 解放(かいほう) (kaihō)

wasei kango

Such that even two years after the national liberation, many remaining feudal factions are still able to abuse their power on the masses and the workers.

1952, 改革和發展建築業的新動力, in 《蘇長有先進砌磚法及其他》, page 5, originally published in 《工人日報》 (Workers' Daily)

Yǐzhì quánguó jiěfàng le liǎng nián yǐhòu de jīntiān, háiyǒu xǔduō fēngjiàn cányú shìlì, zhàn zài jiànzhù gōngrén qúnzhòng tóushang, zuòwēizuòfú.

以致全國解放了兩年以後的今天，還有許多封建殘餘勢力，站在建築工人群衆頭上，作威作福。

以致全国解放了两年以后的今天，还有许多封建残余势力，站在建筑工人群众头上，作威作福。

Treating China liberated after 8 years as a country basically not on track, and should be governed by some special methods.

1957, 杨兆龙, 我国重要法典何以迟迟还不颁布——社会主义建设中的立法问题, in 《政法界右派分子谬论汇集》, page 60, originally published in 《新闻日报》

bǎ jiěfàng le bā nián de zhōngguó hái dāngzuò yī ge jīběnshàng méiyǒu shàngguǐdào de, xūyào yòng shénme tèbié fāngshì lái zhìlǐ de guójiā

把解放了八年的中國還當作一個基本上沒有上軌道的，需要用什麼特別方式來治理的國家

把解放了八年的中国还当作一个基本上没有上轨道的，需要用什么特别方式来治理的国家

China has over fifty ethnic minorities. Before Liberation, they differed in their stages of social development

1983, 朱宜初, 谈民族民间文学的人民性和民族性, in 《云南少数民族文学论集》, page 40

Wǒguó yǒu wǔshí duō ge shǎoshù mínzú, jiěfàng qián, tāmen de shèhuì fāzhǎn jiēduàn shì bùtóng de

我國有五十多個少數民族，解放前，它們的社會發展階段是不同的

我国有五十多个少数民族，解放前，它们的社会发展阶段是不同的

During the year of liberation, I entered the Communist Party's totalitarian agency — the public security bureau

2011, 谭松, 因真话惹祸，靠假话获益——金践之, in 《长寿湖——一九五七年重庆長寿湖右派采访录》, page 138

Jiěfàng nà nián wǒ jìn le gòngchǎndǎng de zhuānzhèng bùmén — gōng'ānjú.

解放那年我進了共產黨的專政部門——公安局。

解放那年我进了共产党的专政部门——公安局。

(Mainland China, specifically, of the People's Republic of China) to overthrow Kuomintang rule on October 1, 1949


解放

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (解放):
* → Japanese: 解放(かいほう) (kaihō)
* → Korean: 해방(解放) (haebang)
* → Vietnamese: giải phóng (解放)

→ Zhuang: gaijfang

/t͡ɕi̯ɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹ fɑŋ⁵¹/

/kaːi̯³⁵ fɔːŋ³³/

/kai³³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾uɔŋ²¹³/

/kai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hɔŋ²¹/

/kai⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ hɔŋ⁴¹/

/kai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hɔŋ²¹/

/kai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hɔŋ¹¹/

/kai⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ hɔŋ²¹/

/koi⁵²⁻³⁵ huaŋ²¹³/

/t͡ɕia³³ fɑ̃⁴⁴/

/t͡ɕi̯ɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹ fɑŋ⁵¹/

/kaːi̯³⁵ fɔːŋ³³/

/kai³³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾uɔŋ²¹³/

/kai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hɔŋ²¹/

/kai⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ hɔŋ⁴¹/

/kai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hɔŋ²¹/

/kai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hɔŋ¹¹/

/kai⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ hɔŋ²¹/

/koi⁵²⁻³⁵ huaŋ²¹³/

/t͡ɕia³³ fɑ̃⁴⁴/

(～區) Jiefang (a district of Jiaozuo, Henan, China)

(～社區) Jiefang (a residential community of Lucheng, Yidu, Yichang, Hubei, China)


轆轤首

/lu⁵¹ lu³⁵ ʂoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lʊk̚⁵ lou̯²¹ sɐu̯³⁵/

/lu⁵¹ lu³⁵ ʂoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lʊk̚⁵ lou̯²¹ sɐu̯³⁵/


九龍

/t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ lʊŋ³⁵/

/kɐu̯³⁵ lʊŋ²¹/

/kiu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ liɔŋ²⁴/

/kiu⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ liɔŋ²⁴/

/kiu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ liɔŋ¹³/

/kiu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ liɔŋ²⁴/

/kiu⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ liɔŋ²³/

/kiu⁵²⁻³⁵ leŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕiɤ³³ loŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ lʊŋ³⁵/

/kɐu̯³⁵ lʊŋ²¹/

/kiu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ liɔŋ²⁴/

/kiu⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ liɔŋ²⁴/

/kiu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ liɔŋ¹³/

/kiu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ liɔŋ²⁴/

/kiu⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ liɔŋ²³/

/kiu⁵²⁻³⁵ leŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕiɤ³³ loŋ⁴⁴/

(Chinese mythology) nine dragons that were able to control water resources to prevent flooding

(Chinese mythology) beast ridden by immortals


貔貅

/pʰi³⁵ ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵/

/pʰei̯²¹ jɐu̯⁵⁵/

/pi²⁴⁻²² hiu⁴⁴/

/pʰi³⁵ ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵/

/pʰei̯²¹ jɐu̯⁵⁵/

/pi²⁴⁻²² hiu⁴⁴/

Earliest extant attestations are in the Book of Rites and Lost Book of Zhou:
*
*

When there is a ferocious beast (of prey) in front, the flag with a pixiu / leopard('s skin) on it should be displayed.

The Book of Rites, c. 4ᵗʰ – 2ⁿᵈ century BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

前有摯獸，則載貔貅。

前有挚兽，则载貔貅。

The mountains being thus deep, how can tigers, leopards, and pixiu be tamed?

Lost Book of Zhou, circa 4ᵗʰ – 1ˢᵗ centuries BCE

Shān zhī shēn yě, hǔbào píxiū héwéi kě fú?

山之深也，虎豹貔貅何為可服？

山之深也，虎豹貔貅何为可服？

(Chinese mythology) pixiu, a mythical horned animal that is believed to bring luck


六四

/li̯oʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ sz̩⁵¹/

/li̯oʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ sz̩⁵¹/


政治局

/ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹ t͡ɕy³⁵/

/t͡sɪŋ³³ t͡siː²² kʊk̚²⁻³⁵/

/t͡sɪŋ³³ t͡siː²² kʊk̚²/

/t͡siɪŋ²¹⁻⁵³ ti²²⁻²¹ kiɔk̚⁴/

/t͡siɪŋ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ ti⁴¹⁻²² kiɔk̚²⁴/

/t͡siɪŋ²¹⁻⁵³ ti²²⁻²¹ kiɔk̚¹²¹/

/t͡siɪŋ¹¹⁻⁵³ ti³³⁻¹¹ kiɔk̚⁴/

/t͡siɪŋ²¹⁻⁴¹ ti³³⁻²¹ kiɔk̚⁴/

/ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹ t͡ɕy³⁵/

/t͡sɪŋ³³ t͡siː²² kʊk̚²⁻³⁵/

/t͡sɪŋ³³ t͡siː²² kʊk̚²/

/t͡siɪŋ²¹⁻⁵³ ti²²⁻²¹ kiɔk̚⁴/

/t͡siɪŋ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ ti⁴¹⁻²² kiɔk̚²⁴/

/t͡siɪŋ²¹⁻⁵³ ti²²⁻²¹ kiɔk̚¹²¹/

/t͡siɪŋ¹¹⁻⁵³ ti³³⁻¹¹ kiɔk̚⁴/

/t͡siɪŋ²¹⁻⁴¹ ti³³⁻²¹ kiɔk̚⁴/


奧巴馬

/ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹ pä⁵⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ou̯³³ paː⁵⁵ maː¹³/

/ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹ pä⁵⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ou̯³³ paː⁵⁵ maː¹³/

From English Obama, from Luo obam (“to lean or bend”).

The historic election of the US’s first black president, Barack Obama, marked an epoch in the history of American democracy.

2008: 周琪 (Zhou Qi), 【美国大选观察】奥巴马为什么大胜？ ([Observations on the American Elections] Why did Obama have a great victory?)

Měiguó zhōngyú chǎnshēng le lìshǐ shàng dì yī wèi hēirén zǒngtǒng Bālākè Àobāmǎ, zhè duìyú měiguó de mínzhǔ zhèngzhì jùyǒu huàshídài de yìyì.

美國終於產生了歷史上第一位黑人總統巴拉克·奧巴馬，這對於美國的民主政治具有劃時代的意義。

美国终于产生了历史上第一位黑人总统巴拉克·奥巴马，这对于美国的民主政治具有划时代的意义。

(Mainland China, Hong Kong) A transliteration of the English surname Obama


滿洲國

Sino-Xenic (滿洲國):
* → Japanese: 満州国(まんしゅうこく) (manshūkoku)
* → Korean: 만주국(滿洲國) (manjuguk)
* → Vietnamese: Mãn Châu quốc (滿洲國)

/män²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

/muːn¹³ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵ kʷɔːk̚³/

/män²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

/muːn¹³ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵ kʷɔːk̚³/

(historical) Manchukuo (a historical puppet state of the Empire of Japan in present-day northeast China)


五四運動

ㄨˇ ㄙˋ ㄩㄣˋ ㄉㄨㄥˋ

/u²¹⁴⁻²¹ sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ yn⁵¹⁻⁵³ tʊŋ⁵¹/

/ŋ̍¹³ sei̯³³ wɐn²² tʊŋ²²/

/u²¹⁴⁻²¹ sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ yn⁵¹⁻⁵³ tʊŋ⁵¹/

/ŋ̍¹³ sei̯³³ wɐn²² tʊŋ²²/

May Fourth Movement (an anti-imperialist, cultural, and political movement growing out of student participants in Beijing on 4 May 1919)


大躍進

ㄉㄚˋ ㄩㄝˋ ㄐㄧㄣˋ

/tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɥɛ⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕin⁵¹/

/taːi̯²² jœːk̚² t͡sɵn³³/

/tɑi²⁴² yoʔ⁵⁻²¹ t͡sɛiŋ²¹³/

/tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɥɛ⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕin⁵¹/

/taːi̯²² jœːk̚² t͡sɵn³³/

/tɑi²⁴² yoʔ⁵⁻²¹ t͡sɛiŋ²¹³/

Coined by a People's Daily commentator in 1957.


BL

From Japanese BL(ビーエル) (bīeru), from ボーイズラブ (bōizu rabu), from English boys + love.


道德經

/tɑʊ̯⁵¹ tɤ³⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵/

/tou̯²² tɐk̚⁵ kɪŋ⁵⁵/

/to²²⁻²¹ tiɪk̚³²⁻⁵ kiɪŋ⁴⁴/

/to³³⁻¹¹ tiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ kiɪŋ⁴⁴/

/to²²⁻²¹ tiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ kiɪŋ⁴⁴/

/tɤ³³⁻²¹ tiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ kiɪŋ⁴⁴/

/tɔ²² tiak̚⁵⁻²⁴ kiɪŋ³³/

/dɔ²² təʔ⁵⁵ t͡ɕin²¹/

/tɑʊ̯⁵¹ tɤ³⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵/

/tou̯²² tɐk̚⁵ kɪŋ⁵⁵/

/to²²⁻²¹ tiɪk̚³²⁻⁵ kiɪŋ⁴⁴/

/to³³⁻¹¹ tiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ kiɪŋ⁴⁴/

/to²²⁻²¹ tiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ kiɪŋ⁴⁴/

/tɤ³³⁻²¹ tiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ kiɪŋ⁴⁴/

/tɔ²² tiak̚⁵⁻²⁴ kiɪŋ³³/

/dɔ²² təʔ⁵⁵ t͡ɕin²¹/

Tao Te Ching (ancient classic Chinese text whose authorship is attributed to Laozi)


樣板戲

/jɑŋ⁵¹ pän²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi⁵¹/

ㄧㄤˋ ㄅㄢˇㄦ ㄒㄧˋ

/jɑŋ⁵¹ pɑɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi⁵¹/

/jœːŋ²² paːn³⁵ hei̯³³/

/jɑŋ⁵¹ pän²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi⁵¹/

/jɑŋ⁵¹ pɑɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi⁵¹/

/jœːŋ²² paːn³⁵ hei̯³³/

(opera, historical) model opera or revolutionary opera, performed in China during the Cultural Revolution


建德

/t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹ tɤ³⁵/

/t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹ tɤ³⁵/

the Jiande era (572-578), a Chinese era name from the reign of Emperor Wu of Northern Zhou


犰狳

/t͡ɕʰi̯oʊ̯³⁵ y³⁵/

/kʰɐu̯²¹ jyː²¹/

/t͡ɕʰi̯oʊ̯³⁵ y³⁵/

/kʰɐu̯²¹ jyː²¹/

(Chinese mythology) a kind of animal in Chinese mythology (Classifier: 隻／只 m)


克林貢

ㄎㄜˋ ㄌㄧㄣˊ ㄍㄨㄥˋ

/kʰɤ⁵¹ lin³⁵ kʊŋ⁵¹/

/kʰɤ⁵¹ lin³⁵ kʊŋ⁵¹/


儒家

/ʐu³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵/

/jyː²¹ kaː⁵⁵/

/y⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾a⁵⁵/

/lu²⁴⁻¹¹ ka⁴⁴/

/lu²⁴⁻²² ka⁴⁴/

/lu²⁴⁻²² ka³³/

/zu²³⁻³³ ka⁴⁴/

/d͡zi¹³⁻²² kɛ⁴⁴/

/zz̩²² t͡ɕia⁴⁴/

/ʐu³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵/

/jyː²¹ kaː⁵⁵/

/y⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾a⁵⁵/

/lu²⁴⁻¹¹ ka⁴⁴/

/lu²⁴⁻²² ka⁴⁴/

/lu²⁴⁻²² ka³³/

/zu²³⁻³³ ka⁴⁴/

/d͡zi¹³⁻²² kɛ⁴⁴/

/zz̩²² t͡ɕia⁴⁴/


中庸

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ jʊŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ jʊŋ²¹/

/t͡suŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ i̯uŋ²⁴/

/t͡suŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ (j)i̯uŋ²⁴/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² iɔŋ²⁴/

/tiɔŋ³³ iɔŋ²⁴/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² iɔŋ¹³/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ iɔŋ²⁴/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ iɔŋ²³/

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ jʊŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ jʊŋ²¹/

/t͡suŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ i̯uŋ²⁴/

/t͡suŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ (j)i̯uŋ²⁴/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² iɔŋ²⁴/

/tiɔŋ³³ iɔŋ²⁴/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² iɔŋ¹³/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ iɔŋ²⁴/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ iɔŋ²³/

Four Books
w:Four Books and Five Classics

the Doctrine of the Mean (one of the Four Books (四書／四书 (Sìshū)) of Confucianism)


四書

/sz̩⁵¹ ʂu⁵⁵/

/su²¹⁻⁵³ su⁴⁴/

/su²¹⁻⁴¹ su⁴⁴/

/su¹¹⁻⁵³ su⁴⁴/

/si⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ t͡sɯ³³/

/su²¹⁻⁵³ si⁴⁴/

/sz̩⁵¹ ʂu⁵⁵/

/su²¹⁻⁵³ su⁴⁴/

/su²¹⁻⁴¹ su⁴⁴/

/su¹¹⁻⁵³ su⁴⁴/

/si⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ t͡sɯ³³/

/su²¹⁻⁵³ si⁴⁴/

the Four Books (Chinese classic texts illustrating the core value and belief systems in Confucianism)


聖靈

/ʂɤŋ⁵¹ liŋ³⁵/

/sɪŋ³³ lɪŋ²¹/

/ɬiŋ⁴² lɛŋ¹³/

/ɬiŋ⁴²⁻⁵⁵ lɛŋ¹³/

/siɪŋ²¹⁻⁵³ liɪŋ²⁴/

/siɪŋ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ liɪŋ²⁴/

/siɪŋ²¹⁻⁵³ liɪŋ¹³/

/siɪŋ¹¹⁻⁵³ liɪŋ²⁴/

/siɪŋ²¹⁻⁴¹ liɪŋ²³/

/sĩã²¹³⁻⁵⁵ leŋ⁵⁵/

/ʂɤŋ⁵¹ liŋ³⁵/

/sɪŋ³³ lɪŋ²¹/

/ɬiŋ⁴² lɛŋ¹³/

/ɬiŋ⁴²⁻⁵⁵ lɛŋ¹³/

/siɪŋ²¹⁻⁵³ liɪŋ²⁴/

/siɪŋ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ liɪŋ²⁴/

/siɪŋ²¹⁻⁵³ liɪŋ¹³/

/siɪŋ¹¹⁻⁵³ liɪŋ²⁴/

/siɪŋ²¹⁻⁴¹ liɪŋ²³/

/sĩã²¹³⁻⁵⁵ leŋ⁵⁵/

It was no fitting residence for the spirit of the Sage; I was indignant at how bad the appearance of the temple was.

1497, 金宗直 (Kim Jong-jik), 《謁夫子廟賦》 (Rhapsody on visiting the temple of Confucius), 《佔畢齋集》

bi seongnyeong ji ui taek, gae myo mo ji bu jang.

匪聖靈之宜宅，慨廟貌之不臧。

(Confucianism) spirit of a sage (e.g. Confucius)


紅衛兵

ja-r

紅衛兵(こうえいへい) (kōeihei)

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (紅衛兵):
* → Japanese: 紅衛兵(こうえいへい) (kōeihei)
* → Korean: 홍위병(紅衛兵) (hong'wibyeong)
* → Vietnamese: hồng vệ binh (紅衛兵)

→ English: hongweibing, hungweiping

→ Russian: хунвэйби́н (xunvɛjbín)

ㄏㄨㄥˊ ㄨㄟˋ ㄅㄧㄥ

/xʊŋ³⁵ weɪ̯⁵¹ piŋ⁵⁵/

ㄏㄨㄥˊ ㄨㄟˋ ㄅㄧㄥㄦ

/xʊŋ³⁵ weɪ̯⁵¹ piɤ̯̃ɻ⁵⁵/

/hʊŋ²¹ wɐi̯²² pɪŋ⁵⁵/

/hɵŋ²² vi³² pen³³/

/aŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ ue³³⁻¹¹ piɪŋ⁴⁴/

/aŋ²³⁻³³ ue³³⁻²¹ piɪŋ⁴⁴/

/hɔŋ²³⁻³³ ue³³⁻²¹ piɪŋ⁴⁴/

/hɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ ue³³⁻¹¹ piɪŋ⁴⁴/

/xʊŋ³⁵ weɪ̯⁵¹ piŋ⁵⁵/

/xʊŋ³⁵ weɪ̯⁵¹ piɤ̯̃ɻ⁵⁵/

/hʊŋ²¹ wɐi̯²² pɪŋ⁵⁵/

/hɵŋ²² vi³² pen³³/

/aŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ ue³³⁻¹¹ piɪŋ⁴⁴/

/aŋ²³⁻³³ ue³³⁻²¹ piɪŋ⁴⁴/

/hɔŋ²³⁻³³ ue³³⁻²¹ piɪŋ⁴⁴/

/hɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ ue³³⁻¹¹ piɪŋ⁴⁴/


大字報

Sino-Xenic (大字報):
* → Japanese: 大(だい)字(じ)報(ほう) (daijihō)
* → Korean: 대자보(大字報) (daejabo)
* → Vietnamese: đại tự báo (大字報)

desc

→ Arabic: دَازِيبَاو (dāzībāw)

→ Arabic: دَازِيبَاو (dāzībāw)

English: → dazibao, → big-character poster (calque)

→ French: dazibao

→ Hungarian: tacepao

→ Italian: dazibao

→ Russian: дацзыба́о (daczybáo)

/tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ pɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/taːi̯²² t͡siː²² pou̯³³/

/tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ pɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/taːi̯²² t͡siː²² pou̯³³/

1949 January 20, 浦江清, “清华园日记（下）”, in 《清华园日记 西行日记》, Beijing: 三联书店, published 1987 June, page 260:

Previously, at Gongziting, there were big-character posters from the Association of Professors. They transcribed domestic and international news from radio broadcasters, and they also had campus news and social commentary. The writing was quite incisive, attacking right-wing professors; they were also often quite disrespectful of the professors' meetings and school administration meetings.

Gōngzìtīng qián yǒu Jiàoliánhuì dàzìbào, chāolù guónèiwài xiāoxi, dé zì wúxiàndiàn guǎngbōzhě, yì yǒu yuánnèi xīnwén jí shèpíng děng, cífēng shèn lì, gōngjī yòupài jiàoshòu, duìyú jiàoshòu huì, xiàowù huìyì yì cháng yǒu bùjìng zhī chù.

工字厅前有教联会大字报，抄录国内外消息，得自无线电广播者，亦有园内新闻及社评等，词锋甚利，攻击右派教授，对于教授会、校务会议亦常有不敬之处。

工字廳前有教聯會大字報，抄錄國內外消息，得自無線電廣播者，亦有園內新聞及社評等，詞鋒甚利，攻擊右派教授，對於教授會、校務會議亦常有不敬之處。

1958 May, 張伏生, “名医开良方”, in 中共福建省委办公廳, editor, 《福建民歌·第一集》, Fuzhou: 福建人民出版社, page 130:

Big-character posters, tens of them, each one hits the bottom of the heart. Think about it with a calm mind: it is better than a renowned doctor writing an effective prescription.

Dàzìbào, jǐshí zhāng, zhāngzhāng dǎ zài xīnkǎn shàng, píngxīnjìngqì xiǎng yī xiǎng: shèngguò míngyī kāi liángfāng.

大字报，几十張，張張打在心坎上，平心靜气想一想：勝过名医开良方。

大字報，幾十張，張張打在心坎上，平心靜氣想一想：勝過名醫開良方。

1962 May, 楊嘯, “大字报”, in 《笛声》, Tianjin: 百花文艺出版社, page 3:

Tell me about it! A daughter-in-law, who has just been married, writing a big-character poster to criticize her father-in-law — even though it's her mother-in-law's idea, in the end, it's up to her to compose and write it!

Kěbushì ma, gāng guòmén de érxífu, xiě dàzìbào pīpíng gōnggong, jǐnguǎn shì pópo de zhǔyì ba, dàn dàodǐ shì yào yóu tā lái biān, yóu tā lái xiě ya!

可不是嘛，刚过門的儿媳妇，写大字报批評公公，尽管是婆婆的主意吧，但到底是要由她来編，由她来写呀！

可不是嘛，剛過門的兒媳婦，寫大字報批評公公，盡管是婆婆的主意吧，但到底是要由她來編，由她來寫呀！

big-character poster
big-character poster

(Mainland China, historical) dazibao; big-character poster (wall-mounted newspaper or similar, used as a popular form of communication in China) (Classifier: 張／张 m)


嫦娥

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ ˀɤ³⁵/

/sœːŋ²¹ ŋɔː²¹/

/soŋ¹¹ ŋo¹¹/

/suoŋ⁵³⁻³³ ŋo⁵³/

/siɔŋ²⁴⁻²² ɡo²⁴/

/siɔŋ²³⁻³³ ŋɔ̃²³/

/siɔŋ²⁴⁻²² ŋɔ̃²⁴/

/siɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ ŋɔ̃²⁴/

/siaŋ²³⁻³³ ŋɔ̃²³/

/siaŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ ŋɔ̃²⁴/

/siaŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ ŋo⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ ˀɤ³⁵/

/sœːŋ²¹ ŋɔː²¹/

/soŋ¹¹ ŋo¹¹/

/suoŋ⁵³⁻³³ ŋo⁵³/

/siɔŋ²⁴⁻²² ɡo²⁴/

/siɔŋ²³⁻³³ ŋɔ̃²³/

/siɔŋ²⁴⁻²² ŋɔ̃²⁴/

/siɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ ŋɔ̃²⁴/

/siaŋ²³⁻³³ ŋɔ̃²³/

/siaŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ ŋɔ̃²⁴/

/siaŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ ŋo⁵⁵/

Euphemistic form of 姮娥 (Héng'é) from the Han dynasty, since 姮 (héng) is homophonous with 恆／恒 (héng), the personal name of Emperor Wen of Han.

(Chinese mythology) Chang'e, the Chinese goddess of the moon


大同

→ English: Datong, Tatung

/tä⁵¹ tʰʊŋ³⁵/

/taːi̯²² tʰʊŋ²¹/

/tʰai̯⁵⁵ tʰuŋ¹¹/

/tai²²⁻²¹ tɔŋ²⁴/

/tai⁴¹⁻²² tɔŋ²⁴/

/tai²²⁻²¹ tɔŋ¹³/

/tai³³⁻¹¹ tɔŋ²⁴/

/tai³³⁻²¹ tɔŋ²³/

/tä⁵¹ tʰʊŋ³⁵/

/taːi̯²² tʰʊŋ²¹/

/tʰai̯⁵⁵ tʰuŋ¹¹/

/tai²²⁻²¹ tɔŋ²⁴/

/tai⁴¹⁻²² tɔŋ²⁴/

/tai²²⁻²¹ tɔŋ¹³/

/tai³³⁻¹¹ tɔŋ²⁴/

/tai³³⁻²¹ tɔŋ²³/

The philosophical sense is from the Book of Rites, Book 9 (《禮記·禮運》)

… In this way (selfish) schemings were repressed and found no development. Robbers, filchers, and rebellious traitors did not show themselves, and hence the outer doors remained open, and were not shut. This was (the period of) what we call the Grand Union.

...... Shìgù móu bì ér bù xīng, dàoqiè luànzéi ér bù zuò, gù wàihù ér bù bì, shì wèi dàtóng.

……是故謀閉而不興，盜竊亂賊而不作，故外戶而不閉，是謂大同。

……是故谋闭而不兴，盗窃乱贼而不作，故外户而不闭，是谓大同。

(historical) the Datong era (a Chinese era name):

The fifth era of Emperor Wu of Liang, from 535 to 546.

The third era of Emperor Wuxuan of Dafengmin (formerly Nanzhao), ending in 888.

Emperor Taizong
w:Emperor Taizong of Liao

The third era of Emperor Taizong of Liao, in 947.

The second era of Puxian Wannu as emperor of Eastern Xia, from 1224 to 1233.

The era of Puyi as chief executive of the Japanese puppet state of the State of Manchuria (Manchukuo), from 1932 until his enthronement as emperor with the establishment of the Empire of Manchuria in 1934.


修行

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (修行):
* → Japanese: 修(しゅ)行(ぎょう) (shugyō); 修(す)行(ぎょう) (sugyō)
* → Korean: 수행(修行) (suhaeng)
* → Vietnamese: tu hành (修行)

/ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵ ɕiŋ³⁵/

/sɐu̯⁵⁵ hɐŋ²¹/

/sɐu̯⁵⁵ hɐŋ²²/

/siu⁴⁴⁻²² hiɪŋ²²/

/siu⁴⁴⁻²² hiɪŋ²²/

/siu⁴⁴⁻³³ hiɪŋ³³/

/siu⁴⁴⁻³³ hiɪŋ³³/

/siu³³⁻²³ kĩã⁵⁵/

/ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵ ɕiŋ³⁵/

/sɐu̯⁵⁵ hɐŋ²¹/

/sɐu̯⁵⁵ hɐŋ²²/

/siu⁴⁴⁻²² hiɪŋ²²/

/siu⁴⁴⁻²² hiɪŋ²²/

/siu⁴⁴⁻³³ hiɪŋ³³/

/siu⁴⁴⁻³³ hiɪŋ³³/

/siu³³⁻²³ kĩã⁵⁵/

(religion) to practise Buddhism or Taoism; specifically, a sadhana of either one


明朝

Sino-Xenic (明朝):
* → Japanese: 明(みん)朝(ちょう) (minchō)

Zhuang: Mingzciuz

/miŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯³⁵/

/mɪŋ²¹ t͡sʰiːu̯²¹/

/miŋ⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾nieu⁵³/

/biɪŋ²⁴⁻²² tiau²⁴/

/biɪŋ²⁴⁻²² tiau²⁴/

/biɪŋ¹³⁻²² tiau¹³/

/biɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ tiau²⁴/

/biɪŋ²³⁻³³ tiau²³/

/meŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sʰiou⁵⁵/

/meŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sʰiau⁵⁵/

/miŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯³⁵/

/mɪŋ²¹ t͡sʰiːu̯²¹/

/miŋ⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾nieu⁵³/

/biɪŋ²⁴⁻²² tiau²⁴/

/biɪŋ²⁴⁻²² tiau²⁴/

/biɪŋ¹³⁻²² tiau¹³/

/biɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ tiau²⁴/

/biɪŋ²³⁻³³ tiau²³/

/meŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sʰiou⁵⁵/

/meŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sʰiau⁵⁵/

The Ming and Qing dynasties were golden periods for the art of seal cutting.

Míngcháo hé Qīngcháo shì zhuànkè yìshù de liǎng duàn huángjīnshíqī.

明朝和清朝是篆刻藝術的兩段黃金時期。

明朝和清朝是篆刻艺术的两段黄金时期。


紅粉

From 紅／红 (hóng, “red”), as in "Red China" + 粉 (fěn, “fan”), short form of 粉絲／粉丝 (fěnsī).

zh-l

粉絲／粉丝 (fěnsī)

/xʊŋ³⁵ fən²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/xʊŋ³⁵ fən²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(slang, neologism) devotee of the Communist Party of China; Chinese nationalist


中共

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ kʊŋ⁵¹/

/t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ kʊŋ²²/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kiɔŋ²²/

/tiɔŋ³³ kiɔŋ⁴¹/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kiɔŋ²²/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kiɔŋ³³/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kiɔŋ³³/

/toŋ³³⁻²³ kaŋ¹¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ kʊŋ⁵¹/

/t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ kʊŋ²²/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kiɔŋ²²/

/tiɔŋ³³ kiɔŋ⁴¹/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kiɔŋ²²/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kiɔŋ³³/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kiɔŋ³³/

/toŋ³³⁻²³ kaŋ¹¹/

(Taiwan, sometimes derogatory) People's Republic of China; Red China


有窮

/joʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰi̯ʊŋ³⁵/

/joʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰi̯ʊŋ³⁵/

(archaic) State of Youqiong (during the Xia dynasty)


后羿

/xoʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ i⁵¹/

/hɐu̯²² ŋɐi̯²²/

/hɔ²²⁻²¹ ɡe²²/

/hɔ⁴¹⁻²² ɡe⁴¹/

/hɔ²²⁻²¹ ɡe²²/

/hɔ³³⁻¹¹ ɡe³³/

/hɔ³³⁻²¹ ɡe³³/

/xoʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ i⁵¹/

/hɐu̯²² ŋɐi̯²²/

/hɔ²²⁻²¹ ɡe²²/

/hɔ⁴¹⁻²² ɡe⁴¹/

/hɔ²²⁻²¹ ɡe²²/

/hɔ³³⁻¹¹ ɡe³³/

/hɔ³³⁻²¹ ɡe³³/

(Chinese mythology) Hou Yi (mythological Chinese archer)


高天原

/kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

/kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 高天原 (literally “Plain of High Heaven”).

obor

(Japanese mythology, Shinto) Takamagahara


興平

/ɕiŋ⁵⁵ pʰiŋ³⁵/

/hiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² piɪŋ²⁴/

/hiɪŋ³³ piɪŋ²⁴/

/hiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² piɪŋ¹³/

/hiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ piɪŋ²⁴/

/hiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ piɪŋ²³/

/ɕiŋ⁵⁵ pʰiŋ³⁵/

/hiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² piɪŋ²⁴/

/hiɪŋ³³ piɪŋ²⁴/

/hiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² piɪŋ¹³/

/hiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ piɪŋ²⁴/

/hiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ piɪŋ²³/

the Xingping era (194-195), a Chinese era name from the reign of Emperor Xian of Han


建安

/t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹ ˀän⁵⁵/

/kiɛn²¹⁻⁵³ an⁴⁴/

/kiɛn⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ an³³/

/kiɛn²¹⁻⁵³ an⁴⁴/

/kiɛn¹¹⁻⁵³ an⁴⁴/

/kiɛn²¹⁻⁴¹ an⁴⁴/

/t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹ ˀän⁵⁵/

/kiɛn²¹⁻⁵³ an⁴⁴/

/kiɛn⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ an³³/

/kiɛn²¹⁻⁵³ an⁴⁴/

/kiɛn¹¹⁻⁵³ an⁴⁴/

/kiɛn²¹⁻⁴¹ an⁴⁴/

Emperor Xian of Han
w:Emperor Xian of Han

the Jian'an era (Chinese era name from the reign of Emperor Xian of Han, 196–220)


居士

/t͡ɕy⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/kɵy̯⁵⁵ siː²²/

/ˈt͡ɕy⁴² sz̩¹¹/

/ky⁵³³⁻¹³ ɬo²¹/

/ky⁵³³⁻¹³ ɬɵ²¹/

/ku⁴⁴⁻²² su²²/

/ku⁴⁴⁻³³ su³³/

/ki⁴⁴⁻³³ su³³/

/kɯ³³⁻²³ sɯ³⁵/

/t͡ɕy⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/kɵy̯⁵⁵ siː²²/

/ˈt͡ɕy⁴² sz̩¹¹/

/ky⁵³³⁻¹³ ɬo²¹/

/ky⁵³³⁻¹³ ɬɵ²¹/

/ku⁴⁴⁻²² su²²/

/ku⁴⁴⁻³³ su³³/

/ki⁴⁴⁻³³ su³³/

/kɯ³³⁻²³ sɯ³⁵/

"Master Gotama, there are these four castes: aristocrats, brahmins, merchants, and workers. Three of these castes — aristocrats, merchants, and workers — in fact succeed only in serving the brahmins," (said the youth)

c. 413. Buddhayaśas (佛陀耶舍) and Zhu Fonian (竺佛念), trans. The Dīrghāgama 《長阿含經》 DA 20. English text based on the translation by Bhikkhu Sujato of the parallel text DN 3 in the Pali Tipiṭaka

Mónà bái Fó yán: “Shì yǒu sì xìng — chàlì, póluómén, jūshì, shǒutuóluó; qí bǐ sān xìng, cháng zūnzhòng, gōngjìng, gōngyǎng póluómén.”

摩納白佛言：「世有四姓——剎利、婆羅門、居士、首陀羅；其彼三姓，常尊重、恭敬、供養婆羅門。」

摩纳白佛言：「世有四姓——刹利、婆罗门、居士、首陀罗；其彼三姓，常尊重、恭敬、供养婆罗门。」

(Buddhism, Hinduism, uncommon) Vaishya (one of the four castes of the varna system)


玉帝

/y⁵¹⁻⁵³ ti⁵¹/

/jʊk̚² tɐi̯³³/

/kyøʔ²⁴ te⁴²/

/ɡiɔk̚⁴⁻³² te²¹/

/ɡiɔk̚⁴⁻³² te¹¹/

/y⁵¹⁻⁵³ ti⁵¹/

/jʊk̚² tɐi̯³³/

/kyøʔ²⁴ te⁴²/

/ɡiɔk̚⁴⁻³² te²¹/

/ɡiɔk̚⁴⁻³² te¹¹/

(Chinese mythology, Chinese folk religion, Taoism) Short for 玉皇大帝 (Yùhuáng Dàdì).

Chinese folk religion; Taoism; Chinese folk religion; Taoism


玉皇

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (玉皇):
* → Japanese: 玉(ぎょく)皇(こう) (Gyokukō)
* → Korean: 옥황(玉皇) (Okhwang)
* → Vietnamese: Ngọc Hoàng (玉皇)

→ English: Jade Emperor (calque)

/y⁵¹ xu̯ɑŋ³⁵/

/jʊk̚² wɔːŋ²¹/

/kœʔ⁴⁻¹ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ɒŋ¹³/

/ɡiɔk̚⁴⁻³² hɔŋ²⁴/

/ɡiɔk̚⁴⁻³² hɔŋ²³/

/y⁵¹ xu̯ɑŋ³⁵/

/jʊk̚² wɔːŋ²¹/

/kœʔ⁴⁻¹ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ɒŋ¹³/

/ɡiɔk̚⁴⁻³² hɔŋ²⁴/

/ɡiɔk̚⁴⁻³² hɔŋ²³/

(Chinese mythology, Chinese folk religion, Taoism) the Jade Emperor


祖師

Sino-Xenic (祖師):
* → Japanese: 祖師(そし) (soshi)
* → Korean: 조사(祖師) (josa)
* → Vietnamese: tổ sư (祖師)

→ Zhuang: cojsae

/t͡su²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/

/t͡su³¹ sɨ²⁴/

/t͡sɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ sɯ³³/

/t͡sɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ su⁴⁴/

/t͡sɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ su⁴⁴/

/t͡su²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/

/t͡su³¹ sɨ²⁴/

/t͡sɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ sɯ³³/

/t͡sɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ su⁴⁴/

/t͡sɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ su⁴⁴/

founder (of a school of learning, or sect of Buddhism or Taoism); patriarch


正史

/ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵¹ ʂʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sɪŋ³³ siː³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵¹ ʂʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sɪŋ³³ siː³⁵/

(historiography) any of the Twenty-Four Histories


春秋

ja-r

春秋(しゅんじゅう) (shunjū)

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (春秋):
* → Japanese: 春秋(しゅんじゅう) (shunjū)
* → Korean: 춘추(春秋) (chunchu)
* → Vietnamese: Xuân Thu (春秋)

/ʈ͡ʂʰu̯ən⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰu̯ən⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɤʊ̯ɻʷ⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰɵn⁵⁵ t͡sʰɐu̯⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰun²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sʰi̯u²⁴/

/t͡sʰun⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sʰiu⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰun⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sʰiu⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰun⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sʰiu⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰun⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sʰiu⁴⁴/

/ʈ͡ʂʰu̯ən⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰu̯ən⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɤʊ̯ɻʷ⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰɵn⁵⁵ t͡sʰɐu̯⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰun²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sʰi̯u²⁴/

/t͡sʰun⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sʰiu⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰun⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sʰiu⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰun⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sʰiu⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰun⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sʰiu⁴⁴/

the Spring and Autumn Annals (the chronicle of the state of Lu)


魔法少女

ㄇㄛˊ ㄈㄚˇ ㄕㄠˋ ㄋㄩˇ

/mu̯ɔ³⁵ fä²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂɑʊ̯⁵¹ ny²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/mɔː⁵⁵ faːt̚³ siːu̯³³ nɵy̯¹³/

/mɔ̃²⁴⁻²² huat̚³²⁻⁴ siau²¹⁻⁵³ lu⁵³/

/mɔ̃²⁴⁻²² huat̚⁵⁻²⁴ siau⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ lu⁵⁵⁴/

/mɔ̃¹³⁻²² huat̚³²⁻⁵ siau²¹⁻⁵³ lu⁵³/

/mɔ̃²⁴⁻¹¹ huat̚³²⁻⁴ siau¹¹⁻⁵³ lu⁵³/

/mɔ̃²³⁻³³ huat̚³²⁻⁴ siau²¹⁻⁴¹ lu⁴¹/

/mu̯ɔ³⁵ fä²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂɑʊ̯⁵¹ ny²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/mɔː⁵⁵ faːt̚³ siːu̯³³ nɵy̯¹³/

/mɔ̃²⁴⁻²² huat̚³²⁻⁴ siau²¹⁻⁵³ lu⁵³/

/mɔ̃²⁴⁻²² huat̚⁵⁻²⁴ siau⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ lu⁵⁵⁴/

/mɔ̃¹³⁻²² huat̚³²⁻⁵ siau²¹⁻⁵³ lu⁵³/

/mɔ̃²⁴⁻¹¹ huat̚³²⁻⁴ siau¹¹⁻⁵³ lu⁵³/

/mɔ̃²³⁻³³ huat̚³²⁻⁴ siau²¹⁻⁴¹ lu⁴¹/

Wasei kango (和製漢語), orthographically borrowed from Japanese 魔(ま)法(ほう)少(しょう)女(じょ) (mahō shōjo, “magical girl”). Doublet of 馬猴燒酒／马猴烧酒 (mǎhóu shāojiǔ).

ja-r

ま%ほう %しょう%じょ

wasei kango

ま%ほう %しょう%じょ

zh-l

馬猴燒酒／马猴烧酒 (mǎhóu shāojiǔ)

《魔法少女小圓》

《魔法少女小圆》

(manga, anime) magical girl (a girl or young woman with magical abilities and engaged in magical adventures)


儒學

/ʐu³⁵ ɕy̯ɛ³⁵/

/jyː²¹ hɔːk̚²/

/y⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ouʔ⁵/

/lu²⁴⁻¹¹ hak̚⁴/

/lu²⁴⁻²² hak̚²⁴/

/lu²⁴⁻²² hak̚⁴/

/zu²³⁻³³ hak̚⁴/

/d͡zi¹³⁻²² hak̚¹²¹/

/ʐu³⁵ ɕy̯ɛ³⁵/

/jyː²¹ hɔːk̚²/

/y⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ouʔ⁵/

/lu²⁴⁻¹¹ hak̚⁴/

/lu²⁴⁻²² hak̚²⁴/

/lu²⁴⁻²² hak̚⁴/

/zu²³⁻³³ hak̚⁴/

/d͡zi¹³⁻²² hak̚¹²¹/


河童

/xɤ³⁵ tʰʊŋ³⁵/

/hɔː²¹ tʰʊŋ²¹/

/xɤ³⁵ tʰʊŋ³⁵/

/hɔː²¹ tʰʊŋ²¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 河童(かっぱ) (kappa).

2023, “我的世界地圖”, 黃偉文 [Wyman Wong] (lyrics), 王菀之 [Ivana Wong] (music)performed by 魏浚笙 [Jeffrey Ngai]:

Under which tree is the kappa taking shelter from thunder and lightning?

ho⁴ tung⁴ zoi⁶ naa⁵ syu⁶ haa⁶ bei⁶ leoi⁴ din⁶

河童在哪樹下避雷電

河童在哪树下避雷电

(Japanese mythology) kappa (mythical creature) (Classifier: 個／个 m; 隻／只 m)


太一

/tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ i⁵⁵/

/tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ i⁵⁵/

(Taoism) The very beginning and reason of everything.


孝義

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ i⁵¹/

/haːu̯³³ jiː²²/

/hau²¹⁻⁵³ ɡi²²/

/hau⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ ɡi⁴¹/

/hau²¹⁻⁵³ ɡi²²/

/hau¹¹⁻⁵³ ɡi³³/

/hau²¹⁻⁴¹ ɡi³³/

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ i⁵¹/

/haːu̯³³ jiː²²/

/hau²¹⁻⁵³ ɡi²²/

/hau⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ ɡi⁴¹/

/hau²¹⁻⁵³ ɡi²²/

/hau¹¹⁻⁵³ ɡi³³/

/hau²¹⁻⁴¹ ɡi³³/


弘光

/xʊŋ³⁵ ku̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/wɐŋ²¹ kʷɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/xʊŋ³⁵ ku̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/wɐŋ²¹ kʷɔːŋ⁵⁵/

the Hongguang era (a Chinese era name; the era of that emperor's reign, in 1645)


大西

a short-lived rebellious regime in South China (1643-47)


福地

/hɔk̚³²⁻⁴ te²²/

/hɔk̚³²⁻⁴ tue²²/

/hɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ te⁴¹/

/hɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ tue⁴¹/

/hɔk̚³²⁻⁵ te²²/

/hɔk̚³²⁻⁵ tue²²/

/hɔk̚³²⁻⁴ te³³/

/hɔk̚³²⁻⁴ tue³³/

/hɔk̚³²⁻⁴ te³³/

/hɔk̚³²⁻⁴ tue³³/

/hɔk̚³²⁻⁴ te²²/

/hɔk̚³²⁻⁴ tue²²/

/hɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ te⁴¹/

/hɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ tue⁴¹/

/hɔk̚³²⁻⁵ te²²/

/hɔk̚³²⁻⁵ tue²²/

/hɔk̚³²⁻⁴ te³³/

/hɔk̚³²⁻⁴ tue³³/

/hɔk̚³²⁻⁴ te³³/

/hɔk̚³²⁻⁴ tue³³/

(Taoism) a place where immortals live; heavenly abode


順治

/ʂu̯ən⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/sɵn²² t͡siː²²/

/sun⁵⁵ t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵/

/ʃun³³ t͡ʃʰi³³/

/suŋ²⁴²⁻⁵³ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾nɛi²⁴²/

/sun⁴¹⁻²² ti²²/

/sun²²⁻²¹ ti²²/

/sun³³⁻¹¹ ti³³/

/sun³³⁻²¹ ti³³/

/suŋ³⁵⁻¹¹ ti¹¹/

/zən²² zz̩⁴⁴/

/ʂu̯ən⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/sɵn²² t͡siː²²/

/sun⁵⁵ t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵/

/ʃun³³ t͡ʃʰi³³/

/suŋ²⁴²⁻⁵³ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾nɛi²⁴²/

/sun⁴¹⁻²² ti²²/

/sun²²⁻²¹ ti²²/

/sun³³⁻¹¹ ti³³/

/sun³³⁻²¹ ti³³/

/suŋ³⁵⁻¹¹ ti¹¹/

/zən²² zz̩⁴⁴/

See also Manchu ᡳᠵᡳᠰᡥᡡᠨ
ᡩᠠᠰᠠᠨ (ijishūn dasan).

m+

ᡳᠵᡳᠰᡥᡡᠨ ᡩᠠᠰᠠᠨ

the Shunzhi era (a Chinese era name; the era of that emperor's reign, from 1644 to 1661)


三神

/sän⁵⁵ ʂən³⁵/

/sän⁵⁵ ʂən³⁵/


泰昌

/tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ⁵⁵/

/tʰaːi̯³³ t͡sʰœːŋ⁵⁵/

/tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ⁵⁵/

/tʰaːi̯³³ t͡sʰœːŋ⁵⁵/

the Taichang era (a Chinese era name; the era of that emperor's reign, from 1620 to 1621)


文子

/wən³⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/wən³⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


天竺

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (天竺):
* → Japanese: 天(てん)竺(じく) (tenjiku)
* → Okinawan: 天(てぃん)竺(じく) (tinjiku)
* → Korean: 천축(天竺) (cheonchuk)
* → Vietnamese: Thiên Trúc (天竺)

First recorded use in the Book of Later Han, compiled in the 5th century. Itself a transcription of Old Persian [script needed] (*Hinduka-) (Pulleyblank, 1962, Coblin, 1983), hypocoristic of 𐏃𐎡𐎯𐎢𐏁 (hiⁿduš, “people living beyond the Indus”). Compare 身毒 (Juāndú).

天篤
天毒
天督
身毒
捐毒
賢豆

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂu³⁵/

/tʰiːn⁵⁵ t͡sʊk̚⁵/

/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² tiɔk̚³²/

/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² tiɔk̚³²/

/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ tiɔk̚³²/

/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ tiɔk̚³²/

/tʰi⁵⁵ t͡soʔ²¹/

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂu³⁵/

/tʰiːn⁵⁵ t͡sʊk̚⁵/

/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² tiɔk̚³²/

/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² tiɔk̚³²/

/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ tiɔk̚³²/

/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ tiɔk̚³²/

/tʰi⁵⁵ t͡soʔ²¹/


慰安婦

/weɪ̯⁵¹ ˀän⁵⁵ fu⁵¹/

/wɐi̯³³ ɔːn⁵⁵ fuː¹³/

/vi⁵⁵ on²⁴⁻¹¹ fu⁵⁵/

/ui²¹⁻⁵³ an⁴⁴⁻³³ hu³³/

/weɪ̯⁵¹ ˀän⁵⁵ fu⁵¹/

/wɐi̯³³ ɔːn⁵⁵ fuː¹³/

/vi⁵⁵ on²⁴⁻¹¹ fu⁵⁵/

/ui²¹⁻⁵³ an⁴⁴⁻³³ hu³³/

Wasei kango (和製漢語), orthographically borrowed from Japanese 慰安婦(いあんふ) (ianfu).

wasei kango

comfort woman (woman forced to serve the Japanese military during the Pacific War)


修煉

/ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵ li̯ɛn⁵¹/

/sɐu̯⁵⁵ liːn²²/

/ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵ li̯ɛn⁵¹/

/sɐu̯⁵⁵ liːn²²/


修煉

/ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵ li̯ɛn⁵¹/

/sɐu̯⁵⁵ liːn²²/

/ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵ li̯ɛn⁵¹/

/sɐu̯⁵⁵ liːn²²/

(Taoism) meditation, especially in the hope of magically creating immortality elixir or philter


太元

/tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ ɥɛn³⁵/

/tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ ɥɛn³⁵/

the Taiyuan era (376 - 397), a Chinese era name from the reign of Emperor Xiaowu of Jin


孝道

ja-r

孝道(こうどう) (kōdō)

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (孝道):
* → Japanese: 孝道(こうどう) (kōdō)
* → Korean: 효도(孝道) (hyodo)

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ tɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/hau²¹⁻⁵³ to²²/

/hau⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ to⁴¹/

/hau²¹⁻⁵³ to²²/

/hau¹¹⁻⁵³ to³³/

/hau²¹⁻⁴¹ tɤ³³/

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ tɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/hau²¹⁻⁵³ to²²/

/hau⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ to⁴¹/

/hau²¹⁻⁵³ to²²/

/hau¹¹⁻⁵³ to³³/

/hau²¹⁻⁴¹ tɤ³³/

The Records of the Grand Historian, by Sima Qian, c. 91 BCE

Kǒngzǐ yǐwèi néng tōng xiàodào, gù shòu zhī yè.

孔子以為能通孝道，故授之業。

孔子以为能通孝道，故授之业。

jiù ràng wǒ lái guìxià zhè shì wǒ xuéhuì de xiàodào

就讓我來跪下這是我學會的孝道

就让我来跪下这是我学会的孝道

孝義

devotion to one's parents and loyalty to one's friends


盤古

/pʰän³⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pʰuːn²¹ kuː³⁵/

/pʰuan²⁴⁻²² kɔ⁵³/

/pʰuan²⁴⁻²² kɔ⁵⁵⁴/

/pʰuan¹³⁻²² kɔ⁵³/

/pʰuan²⁴⁻¹¹ kɔ⁵³/

/pʰuan²³⁻³³ kɔ⁴¹/

/pʰän³⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pʰuːn²¹ kuː³⁵/

/pʰuan²⁴⁻²² kɔ⁵³/

/pʰuan²⁴⁻²² kɔ⁵⁵⁴/

/pʰuan¹³⁻²² kɔ⁵³/

/pʰuan²⁴⁻¹¹ kɔ⁵³/

/pʰuan²³⁻³³ kɔ⁴¹/


天宮

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

/tʰiːn⁵⁵ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² kiɔŋ⁴⁴/

/tʰiɛn³³ kiɔŋ³³/

/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² kiɔŋ⁴⁴/

/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ kiɔŋ⁴⁴/

/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ kiɔŋ⁴⁴/

/tʰiaŋ³³⁻²³ keŋ³³/

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

/tʰiːn⁵⁵ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² kiɔŋ⁴⁴/

/tʰiɛn³³ kiɔŋ³³/

/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² kiɔŋ⁴⁴/

/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ kiɔŋ⁴⁴/

/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ kiɔŋ⁴⁴/

/tʰiaŋ³³⁻²³ keŋ³³/

孫悟空大鬧天宮——慌了神 / 孙悟空大闹天宫——慌了神

Sūn Wùkōng dà nào tiāngōng, huāng le shén

(Chinese mythology, Chinese folk religion or Taoism) heavenly palace; abode of the gods (e.g. of the Jade Emperor - 玉皇大帝 Yùhuáng Dadì)


孝敬

Sino-Xenic (孝敬):
* → Japanese: 孝敬(こうけい) (kōkei)

→ Zhuang: hauqgingq

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕiŋ⁵¹/

/haːu̯³³ kɪŋ³³/

/hau²¹⁻⁵³ kiɪŋ²¹/

/hau⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ kiɪŋ⁴¹/

/hau²¹⁻⁵³ kiɪŋ²¹/

/hau¹¹⁻⁵³ kiɪŋ¹¹/

/hau²¹⁻⁴¹ kiɪŋ²¹/

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕiŋ⁵¹/

/haːu̯³³ kɪŋ³³/

/hau²¹⁻⁵³ kiɪŋ²¹/

/hau⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ kiɪŋ⁴¹/

/hau²¹⁻⁵³ kiɪŋ²¹/

/hau¹¹⁻⁵³ kiɪŋ¹¹/

/hau²¹⁻⁴¹ kiɪŋ²¹/

Xiàojìng zhōngxìn wéi jídé, dàozéi cángjiān wéi xiōngdé.

孝敬忠信爲吉德，盜賊藏姦爲凶德。

孝敬忠信为吉德，盗贼藏奸为凶德。

Honour thy father and thy mother: that thy days may be long upon the land which the Lord thy God giveth thee.

新標點和合本 (Chinese Union Version with New Punctuation), 出埃及記 (Exodus) 20:12

Dāng xiàojìng fùmǔ, shǐ nǐ de rìzi zài Yēhéhuá - nǐ Shén suǒ cì nǐ de dì shàng déyǐ chángjiǔ.

當孝敬父母，使你的日子在耶和華—你神所賜你的地上得以長久。

当孝敬父母，使你的日子在耶和华—你神所赐你的地上得以长久。

to give presents to one's elders or superiors

(Southern Min) to offer sacrifices (to gods and spirits)

(Mainland China Hokkien, derogatory) to give someone something


八卦

Sino-Xenic (八卦):
* → Japanese: 八卦(はっか) (hakka); 八卦(はっけ) (hakke)
* → Korean: 팔괘(八卦) (palgwae)
* → Vietnamese: bát quái (八卦)

→ English: bagua, pa kua

→ Italian: bagua

→ Tagalog: bagua

/pä⁵⁵ ku̯ä⁵¹/

/paːt̚³ kʷaː³³/

/pɛiʔ²⁴⁻⁵⁵ kuɑ²¹³/

/poiʔ²⁻⁴ kʰue²¹³/

/pä⁵⁵ ku̯ä⁵¹/

/paːt̚³ kʷaː³³/

/pɛiʔ²⁴⁻⁵⁵ kuɑ²¹³/

/poiʔ²⁻⁴ kʰue²¹³/

The figurative sense reportedly originates from the practice of using trigrams to censor explicit body parts on some Hong Kong tabloids.

The eight trigrams communicate their information by their emblematic figures. The explanations appended to the lines and the completed figures tell how the contemplation of them affected (the makers). The strong and the weak lines appear mixed in them, and (thus) the good and the evil (which they indicate) can be seen.

Bāguà yǐ xiàng gào, yáo tuàn yǐ qíng yán, gāngróu zájū, ér jíxiōng kějiàn yǐ.

八卦以象告，爻彖以情言，剛柔雜居，而吉凶可見矣。

八卦以象告，爻彖以情言，刚柔杂居，而吉凶可见矣。

bagua (eight divinatory trigrams of the I Ching)


御札

/y⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂä³⁵/

/y⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂä³⁵/

(literary, archaic) imperial instruction; imperial order


混沌

Sino-Xenic (混沌):
* → Japanese: 混沌(こんとん) (konton)
* → Korean: 혼돈(混沌) (hondon)
* → Vietnamese: hỗn độn (混沌)

/xu̯ən⁵¹⁻⁵³ tu̯ən⁵¹/

/wɐn²² tɵn²²/

/xu̯ən⁵¹⁻⁵³ tu̯ən⁵¹/

/wɐn²² tɵn²²/

Old Chinese *guːnʔ duːnʔ. The variant 渾淪／浑沦 (húnlún) suggests that this perhaps came from *guːnʔ l̥uːnʔ ~ guːnʔ ruːnʔ, from **gruːnʔ, from the root *k(V)r- ("to flow > to mix > to be turbid, chaotic").
Related to 餛飩／馄饨 (húntun, “wonton”) and 雲吞／云吞 (yúntūn, “wonton”).
Compare 渾 (OC *ɡuːn, *ɡuːnʔ), 混 (OC *ɡuːnʔ, “rapidly flowing water; turbidity; confusedness; unclearness; big; whole”), Korean 흐르— (heureu-, “to flow; to float; to fill”), 흐리— (heuri-, “to be turbid, unclear, indistinct”), 흐릿하— (heuritha-, “to be vague, indistinct”).

zh-l

渾淪／浑沦 (húnlún)

ko-l

(Chinese mythology) Hundun (the unclear, confused and nebulous state of the primordial world)

(Chinese mythology) hundun (legendary faceless creature)


道行

ja-r

道行(どうぎょう) (dōgyō)

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (道行):
* → Japanese: 道行(どうぎょう) (dōgyō)
* → Vietnamese: đạo hạnh (道行)

/tɑʊ̯⁵¹ xɤŋ³⁵/

/tɑʊ̯⁵¹ xɤŋ¹/

/tɑʊ̯⁵¹ xɑŋ³⁵/

/tɑʊ̯⁵¹ xɑŋ¹/

/tɑʊ̯⁵¹ ɕiŋ³⁵/

/tou̯²² hɐŋ²²/

/tɤ³³⁻²¹ hiɪŋ³³/

/to³³⁻¹¹ hiɪŋ³³/

/to²²⁻²¹ hiɪŋ²²/

/tau³⁵⁻¹¹ heŋ³⁵/

/tɑʊ̯⁵¹ xɤŋ³⁵/

/tɑʊ̯⁵¹ xɤŋ¹/

/tɑʊ̯⁵¹ xɑŋ³⁵/

/tɑʊ̯⁵¹ xɑŋ¹/

/tɑʊ̯⁵¹ ɕiŋ³⁵/

/tou̯²² hɐŋ²²/

/tɤ³³⁻²¹ hiɪŋ³³/

/to³³⁻¹¹ hiɪŋ³³/

/to²²⁻²¹ hiɪŋ²²/

/tau³⁵⁻¹¹ heŋ³⁵/

/to²²⁻²¹ hiɪŋ²²/

monk training; attainment of skills through religious practice (of Buddhist and Taoist monks)


朱雀

Sino-Xenic (朱雀):
* → Japanese: 朱(す)雀(ざく) (suzaku)
* → Korean: 주작(朱雀) (jujak)
* → Vietnamese: Chu Tước (朱雀)

/ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰy̯ɛ⁵¹/

/t͡syː⁵⁵ t͡sœːk̚³/

/t͡su⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sʰiɔk̚³²/

/ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰy̯ɛ⁵¹/

/t͡syː⁵⁵ t͡sœːk̚³/

/t͡su⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sʰiɔk̚³²/

(Chinese mythology) Vermilion Bird (guardian spirit of the south)


白虎

/paɪ̯³⁵ xu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pe(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ hɔ⁵³/

/pe(ʔ)²⁴⁻² hɔ⁵⁵⁴/

/pe(ʔ)¹²¹⁻²¹ hɔ⁵³/

/pe(ʔ)⁴⁻¹¹ hɔ⁵³/

/pe(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ hɔ⁴¹/

/peʔ⁴⁻² hõũ⁵²/

/paɪ̯³⁵ xu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pe(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ hɔ⁵³/

/pe(ʔ)²⁴⁻² hɔ⁵⁵⁴/

/pe(ʔ)¹²¹⁻²¹ hɔ⁵³/

/pe(ʔ)⁴⁻¹¹ hɔ⁵³/

/pe(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ hɔ⁴¹/

/peʔ⁴⁻² hõũ⁵²/

(Chinese mythology) White Tiger (one of the Four Symbols of the Chinese constellations)

(Chinese mythology) White Tiger (god of the West in Chinese mythology)

(～村) Baihu (a village in Wulipu, Shayang, Jingmen, Hubei, China)


玄武

Sino-Xenic (玄武):
* → Japanese: 玄(げん)武(ぶ) (genbu)
* → Korean: 현무(玄武) (hyeonmu)
* → Vietnamese: Huyền Vũ (玄武)

/ɕy̯ɛn³⁵ u²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/hiɛn²⁴⁻¹¹ bu⁵³/

/hiɛn²³⁻³³ bu⁴¹/

/ɕy̯ɛn³⁵ u²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/hiɛn²⁴⁻¹¹ bu⁵³/

/hiɛn²³⁻³³ bu⁴¹/

(astronomy) the Black Turtle (literally "Black Warrior"), a Chinese constellation making up one of the Four Symbols of Chinese astronomy.

(feng shui) the Black Turtle (literally "Black Warrior"), a representation of water and direction north.

(～區) Xuanwu (a district of Nanjing, Jiangsu, China)


三星

/sän⁵⁵ ɕiŋ⁵⁵/

/saːm⁵⁵ sɪŋ⁵⁵/

/sã⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sʰɛ̃⁴⁴/

/sã⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sʰẽ⁴⁴/

/sã⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sʰĩ⁴⁴/

/sã⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sʰĩ⁴⁴/

/sã³³ t͡sʰĩ³³/

/sän⁵⁵ ɕiŋ⁵⁵/

/saːm⁵⁵ sɪŋ⁵⁵/

/sã⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sʰɛ̃⁴⁴/

/sã⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sʰẽ⁴⁴/

/sã⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sʰĩ⁴⁴/

/sã⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sʰĩ⁴⁴/

/sã³³ t͡sʰĩ³³/

(Chinese mythology) the Sanxing (Gods of Happiness, Wealth and Longevity)


元朝

/ɥɛn³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯³⁵/

/jyːn²¹ t͡sʰiːu̯²¹/

/ŋi̯en¹¹ t͡sʰeu̯¹¹/

/ŋi̯an¹¹ t͡sʰeu̯¹¹/

/ŋuoŋ⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾nieu⁵³/

/ŋueŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sʰiou⁵⁵/

/ɥɛn³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯³⁵/

/jyːn²¹ t͡sʰiːu̯²¹/

/ŋi̯en¹¹ t͡sʰeu̯¹¹/

/ŋi̯an¹¹ t͡sʰeu̯¹¹/

/ŋuoŋ⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾nieu⁵³/

/ŋueŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sʰiou⁵⁵/


九日

/t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʐ̩⁵¹/

/kɐu̯³⁵ jɐt̚²/

/t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʐ̩⁵¹/

/kɐu̯³⁵ jɐt̚²/

(Chinese mythology) nine suns (shot by Hou Yi)


長壽

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ ʂoʊ̯⁵¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ²⁴ ʂou⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰœːŋ²¹ sɐu̯²²/

/t͡sʰoŋ¹¹ su⁵⁵/

/tŋ̍²⁴⁻¹¹ siu³³/

/tŋ̍²⁴⁻²² siu⁴¹/

/tŋ̍²³⁻³³ siu³³/

/tŋ̍¹³⁻²² siu²²/

/tŋ̍²⁴⁻²² siu²²/

/tiɔŋ²⁴⁻²² siu⁴¹/

/tiɔŋ²³⁻³³ siu³³/

/tiɔŋ²⁴⁻²² siu²²/

/tiɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ siu³³/

/tiaŋ¹³⁻²² siu²²/

/t͡sʰiaŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ siu¹¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ ʂoʊ̯⁵¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ²⁴ ʂou⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰœːŋ²¹ sɐu̯²²/

/t͡sʰoŋ¹¹ su⁵⁵/

/tŋ̍²⁴⁻¹¹ siu³³/

/tŋ̍²⁴⁻²² siu⁴¹/

/tŋ̍²³⁻³³ siu³³/

/tŋ̍¹³⁻²² siu²²/

/tŋ̍²⁴⁻²² siu²²/

/tiɔŋ²⁴⁻²² siu⁴¹/

/tiɔŋ²³⁻³³ siu³³/

/tiɔŋ²⁴⁻²² siu²²/

/tiɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ siu³³/

/tiaŋ¹³⁻²² siu²²/

/t͡sʰiaŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ siu¹¹/

(historical) various era names from 692–694 and 769–779


蛟龍

ja-r

蛟(こう)龍(りゅう) (kōryū)

蛟(こう)龍(りょう) (kōryō)

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (蛟龍):
* → Japanese: 蛟(こう)龍(りゅう) (kōryū); 蛟(こう)龍(りょう) (kōryō)
* → Korean: 교룡(蛟龍) (gyoryong), 교용(蛟龍) (gyoyong)
* → Vietnamese: giao long (蛟龍)

/t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵ lʊŋ³⁵/

/kaːu̯⁵⁵ lʊŋ²¹/

/kau⁵³³⁻²¹ lœŋ¹³/

/kau⁵³³⁻²¹ lyøŋ¹³/

/kau⁴⁴⁻²² liɔŋ²⁴/

/kau⁴⁴⁻²² liɪŋ²⁴/

/kau⁴⁴⁻²² liɔŋ¹³/

/kau⁴⁴⁻²² liɪŋ¹³/

/kau⁴⁴⁻³³ liɔŋ²⁴/

/kau⁴⁴⁻³³ liɪŋ²⁴/

/kau⁴⁴⁻³³ liɔŋ²³/

/kau⁴⁴⁻³³ liɪŋ²³/

/t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵ lʊŋ³⁵/

/kaːu̯⁵⁵ lʊŋ²¹/

/kau⁵³³⁻²¹ lœŋ¹³/

/kau⁵³³⁻²¹ lyøŋ¹³/

/kau⁴⁴⁻²² liɔŋ²⁴/

/kau⁴⁴⁻²² liɪŋ²⁴/

/kau⁴⁴⁻²² liɔŋ¹³/

/kau⁴⁴⁻²² liɪŋ¹³/

/kau⁴⁴⁻³³ liɔŋ²⁴/

/kau⁴⁴⁻³³ liɪŋ²⁴/

/kau⁴⁴⁻³³ liɔŋ²³/

/kau⁴⁴⁻³³ liɪŋ²³/

(countable) jiaolong (an aquatic dragon in Chinese mythology) (Classifier: 條／条 m)


禮堂

Sino-Xenic (禮堂):
* → Vietnamese: lễ đường (禮堂)

→ Javanese: klenthéng (ꦏ꧀ꦭꦼꦤ꧀ꦛꦺꦁ)

desc

→ Indonesian: kelenteng (“Chinese temple”)

/li²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰɑŋ³⁵/

/lɐi̯¹³ tʰɔːŋ²¹/

/le⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tŋ̍²⁴/

/le⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tŋ̍²⁴/

/le⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tŋ̍¹³/

/le⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tŋ̍²⁴/

/le⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tŋ̍²³/

/li⁵²⁻³⁵ tɯŋ⁵⁵/

/li²² dɑ̃⁴⁴/

/li²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰɑŋ³⁵/

/lɐi̯¹³ tʰɔːŋ²¹/

/le⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tŋ̍²⁴/

/le⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tŋ̍²⁴/

/le⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tŋ̍¹³/

/le⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tŋ̍²⁴/

/le⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tŋ̍²³/

/li⁵²⁻³⁵ tɯŋ⁵⁵/

/li²² dɑ̃⁴⁴/


曼荼羅

ㄇㄢˋ ㄊㄨˊ ㄌㄨㄛˊ

/män⁵¹ tʰu³⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵/

/maːn²² tʰou̯²¹ lɔː²¹/

/män⁵¹ tʰu³⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵/

/maːn²² tʰou̯²¹ lɔː²¹/

Borrowed from Sanskrit मण्डल (maṇḍala, “round; circular”).

bor

曼荼罗
曼陀羅
慢怛羅
滿拏囉
曼達拉


大秦

/tä⁵¹ t͡ɕʰin³⁵/

/taːi̯²² t͡sʰɵn²¹/

/tä⁵¹ t͡ɕʰin³⁵/

/taːi̯²² t͡sʰɵn²¹/

; "Roman Empire"
:
: In contrast, Zhang (1919) conjectured that the word may have indeed been a borrowing ultimately from Latium, Latinum, etc. (transcribed as 剌丁 in his writing) based on comparisons among Sinitic languages; see also the Baxter–Sagart reconstruction below. However, this etymology remains hypothetical.
; "Roman Levant; Syria region; etc."

Its people are all built tall, robust, balanced, and upright, resembling (the people) of the Zhongguo. For this reason it is called Daqin (the Great Qin).

The Book of the Later Han, circa 5ᵗʰ century CE

Qí rénmín jiē cháng dà píng zhèng, yǒu lèi Zhōngguó, gù wèizhī Dàqín.

其人民皆長大平正，有類中國，故謂之大秦。

其人民皆长大平正，有类中国，故谓之大秦。

(historical and archaic, speculative, imprecise designation in Chinese historiography) the Roman Empire; the City of Rome; etc.

speculative; imprecise designation in Chinese historiography; speculative; imprecise designation in Chinese historiography


梵天

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (梵天):
* → Japanese: 梵天(ぼんてん) (Bonten)
* → Korean: 범천(梵天) (Beomcheon)
* → Vietnamese: Phạm Thiên (梵天)

/fän⁵¹ tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/fän³⁵ tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/fän⁵¹ tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/fän³⁵ tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵/


月宮女神

ㄩㄝˋ ㄍㄨㄥ ㄋㄩˇ ㄕㄣˊ

юэгун нюйшэнь

/ɥɛ⁵¹ kʊŋ⁵⁵ ny²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂən³⁵/

/jyːt̚² kʊŋ⁵⁵ nɵy̯¹³ sɐn²¹/

/ɥɛ⁵¹ kʊŋ⁵⁵ ny²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂən³⁵/

/jyːt̚² kʊŋ⁵⁵ nɵy̯¹³ sɐn²¹/

(Greek mythology) Selene (goddess of the Moon)


辛亥革命

ㄒㄧㄣ ㄏㄞˋ ㄍㄜˊ ㄇㄧㄥˋ

Синьхай Гэмин

/ɕin⁵⁵ xaɪ̯⁵¹ kɤ³⁵ miŋ⁵¹/

/sɐn⁵⁵ hɔːi̯²² kaːk̚³ mɪŋ²²/

/sin⁴⁴⁻³³ hai³³⁻¹¹ kiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ biɪŋ³³/

/sin⁴⁴⁻³³ hai³³⁻²¹ kiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ biɪŋ³³/

/sin⁴⁴⁻²² hai²²⁻²¹ kiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ biɪŋ²²/

/sin⁴⁴⁻²² hai²²⁻²¹ kiɪk̚³²⁻⁵ biɪŋ²²/

/ɕin⁵⁵ xaɪ̯⁵¹ kɤ³⁵ miŋ⁵¹/

/sɐn⁵⁵ hɔːi̯²² kaːk̚³ mɪŋ²²/

/sin⁴⁴⁻³³ hai³³⁻¹¹ kiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ biɪŋ³³/

/sin⁴⁴⁻³³ hai³³⁻²¹ kiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ biɪŋ³³/

/sin⁴⁴⁻²² hai²²⁻²¹ kiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ biɪŋ²²/

/sin⁴⁴⁻²² hai²²⁻²¹ kiɪk̚³²⁻⁵ biɪŋ²²/


二鬼子

/ˀɤɻ⁵¹ ku̯eɪ̯²¹⁴ d͡z̥z̩⁴/

/jiː²² kʷɐi̯³⁵ t͡siː³⁵/

/ˀɤɻ⁵¹ ku̯eɪ̯²¹⁴ d͡z̥z̩⁴/

/jiː²² kʷɐi̯³⁵ t͡siː³⁵/

In Manchukuo, Japanese were called 鬼子 (guǐzi), and the Koreans who helped the Japanese control native people were called 二鬼子. During the Second Sino-Japanese War, Chinese who helped the Japanese were also called 二鬼子.

He was a traitor during the Anti-Japanese War.

他在抗戰時期當過二鬼子。

他在抗战时期当过二鬼子。

(historical, derogatory) Chinese traitors during the Second Sino-Japanese War


福祿壽

/fu³⁵ lu⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂoʊ̯⁵¹/

/fʊk̚⁵ lʊk̚² sɐu̯²²/

/hɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ lɔk̚²⁴⁻² siu⁴¹/

/hɔk̚³²⁻⁴ lɔk̚⁴⁻³² siu²²/

/hɔk̚³²⁻⁴ lɔk̚⁴³⁻²¹ siu²²/

/hɔk̚³²⁻⁵ lɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ siu²²/

/fu³⁵ lu⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂoʊ̯⁵¹/

/fʊk̚⁵ lʊk̚² sɐu̯²²/

/hɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ lɔk̚²⁴⁻² siu⁴¹/

/hɔk̚³²⁻⁴ lɔk̚⁴⁻³² siu²²/

/hɔk̚³²⁻⁴ lɔk̚⁴³⁻²¹ siu²²/

/hɔk̚³²⁻⁵ lɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ siu²²/

Fu Lu Shou (the Three Lucky Gods in Chinese mythology)


美杜莎

/meɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ tu⁵¹ ʂä⁵⁵/

/meɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ tu⁵¹ ʂä⁵⁵/

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Μέδουσα (Médousa), from μέδω (médō, “rule over”).


火鼠

/xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ʂu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/fɔː³⁵ syː³⁵/

/hue⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰi⁴¹/

/he⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰu⁵³/

/xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ʂu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/fɔː³⁵ syː³⁵/

/hue⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰi⁴¹/

/he⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰu⁵³/

(Chinese mythology) fire rat or mouse (a mythological creature)


法衣

ja-r

法衣(ほうい) (hōi)

法衣(ほうえ) (hōe)

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (法衣):
* → Japanese: 法衣(ほうい) (hōi); 法衣(ほうえ) (hōe)
* → Korean: 법의(法衣) (beobui)

/fä²¹⁴⁻²¹ i⁵⁵/

/fä²¹⁴⁻²¹ i⁵⁵/

(Taoism) ceremonial garment of a Taoist priest


閻魔

/jɛn³⁵ mu̯ɔ³⁵/

/jiːm²¹ mɔː⁵⁵/

/jɛn³⁵ mu̯ɔ³⁵/

/jiːm²¹ mɔː⁵⁵/

Borrowed from Sanskrit यम (yama, “Yama”).

(～王) (Hinduism, Buddhism, Chinese mythology) Synonym of 閻羅 /阎罗 (Yánluó, “Yama (god of the underworld)”)


聖堂

/ʂɤŋ⁵¹ tʰɑŋ³⁵/

/sɪŋ³³ tʰɔːŋ²¹/

/sɪŋ³³ tʰɔːŋ²¹⁻³⁵/

/sɨn⁵⁵ tʰoŋ¹¹/

/siɪŋ²¹⁻⁵³ tŋ̍²⁴/

/siɪŋ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ tŋ̍²⁴/

/siɪŋ²¹⁻⁵³ tŋ̍¹³/

/siɪŋ¹¹⁻⁵³ tŋ̍²⁴/

/siɪŋ²¹⁻⁴¹ tŋ̍²³/

/seŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ tɯŋ⁵⁵/

/ʂɤŋ⁵¹ tʰɑŋ³⁵/

/sɪŋ³³ tʰɔːŋ²¹/

/sɪŋ³³ tʰɔːŋ²¹⁻³⁵/

/sɨn⁵⁵ tʰoŋ¹¹/

/siɪŋ²¹⁻⁵³ tŋ̍²⁴/

/siɪŋ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ tŋ̍²⁴/

/siɪŋ²¹⁻⁵³ tŋ̍¹³/

/siɪŋ¹¹⁻⁵³ tŋ̍²⁴/

/siɪŋ²¹⁻⁴¹ tŋ̍²³/

/seŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ tɯŋ⁵⁵/

(religion) Confucian temple; temple honoring Confucius and housing schools and testing facilities


䭀

(obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese, Taoism, Buddhism) Short for 青䭀飯／青𩠇饭 (“black rice made by soaking rice in the extract of the oriental blueberry (Vaccinium bracteatum), used as a food offering”).

obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese; Taoism; obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese; Taoism


䱻

(Only used in 䱻魚／𮬡鱼.) (Chinese mythology) a gleaming flying fish with bird wings in legend


䴑

(Chinese mythology) a legendary weird bird, resembling the magpie, with a dark red color, two heads and four feet


清朝

/t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯³⁵/

/t͡sʰɪŋ⁵⁵ t͡sʰiːu̯²¹/

/t͡sʰin⁵³ t͡ʃʰau⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰiŋ⁵⁵ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾nieu⁵³/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tiau²⁴/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tiau¹³/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tiau²⁴/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tiau²³/

/t͡sʰeŋ³³⁻²³ t͡sʰiou⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰeŋ³³⁻²³ t͡sʰiau⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯³⁵/

/t͡sʰɪŋ⁵⁵ t͡sʰiːu̯²¹/

/t͡sʰin⁵³ t͡ʃʰau⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰiŋ⁵⁵ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾nieu⁵³/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tiau²⁴/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tiau¹³/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tiau²⁴/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tiau²³/

/t͡sʰeŋ³³⁻²³ t͡sʰiou⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰeŋ³³⁻²³ t͡sʰiau⁵⁵/

清朝末年

明朝和清朝是篆刻藝術的兩段黃金時期。

明朝和清朝是篆刻艺术的两段黄金时期。


興業

/ɕiŋ⁵⁵ jɛ⁵¹/

/hɪŋ⁵⁵ jiːp̚²/

/ɕiŋ⁵⁵ jɛ⁵¹/

/hɪŋ⁵⁵ jiːp̚²/

(historical) the Xingye era (a Chinese era name; the era of Zhu Hengjia as regent of the Southern Ming, in 1645)


五常

ja-r

五常(ごじょう) (gojō)

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (五常):
* → Japanese: 五常(ごじょう) (gojō)
* → Korean: 오상(五常) (osang)
* → Vietnamese: ngũ thường (五常)

/u²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵/

/ŋ̍¹³ sœːŋ²¹/

/ŋɔ̃⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siɔŋ²⁴/

/ŋɔ̃⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ siɔŋ²³/

/ɡɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ siɔŋ²⁴/

/ŋɔ̃⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siaŋ¹³/

/u²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵/

/ŋ̍¹³ sœːŋ²¹/

/ŋɔ̃⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siɔŋ²⁴/

/ŋɔ̃⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ siɔŋ²³/

/ɡɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ siɔŋ²⁴/

/ŋɔ̃⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siaŋ¹³/

Though I served as prime minister, I'm ashamed that I failed in my duties. I have recently heard that Your Majesty is indulging in debauchery and licentiousness, abandoning all moral principles. You heed slander while dismissing the virtuous, disrupt the nation's regulations, overturn the fundamental principles of human relations, defile the sacred ethics, and compromise the virtue required of a ruler. The seeds of calamity have already been sown.

The Investiture of the Gods, circa 16ᵗʰ century CE

Chén xī jū xiàng wèi, wèi bào guó'ēn; jìn wén bìxià huāngyín jiǔsè, dàodé quán wú, tīng chán zhú zhèng, wěnluàn jìgāng, diāndǎo wǔcháng, wūmiè yílún, jūndào yǒu kuī, huòluàn yǐ fú.

臣昔居相位，未報國恩；近聞陛下荒淫酒色，道德全無，聽讒逐正，紊亂紀綱，顛倒五常，污衊彝倫，君道有虧，禍亂已伏。

臣昔居相位，未报国恩；近闻陛下荒淫酒色，道德全无，听谗逐正，紊乱纪纲，颠倒五常，污蔑彝伦，君道有亏，祸乱已伏。

The university serves as the model for education and the cornerstone of the five constant virtues within the nation. While recently, rumours have come thick and fast, Your Excellency must also have heard a few of them; even I cannot help but harbour some doubts.

March 18, 1919, Lin Shu, A Public Letter to Mr. Cai Heqing, Principal of Peking University

Dàxué wéi quánguó shībiǎo, wǔcháng zhī suǒ jìshǔ. Jìn zhě wàijiān yáozhuó fēn jí, wǒ gōng bì yǒusuǒ wén, jí dì yì bùwú yíxìn.

大學為全國師表，五常之所繫屬。近者外間謠琢紛集，我公必有所聞，即弟亦不無疑信。

大学为全国师表，五常之所系属。近者外间谣琢纷集，我公必有所闻，即弟亦不无疑信。

(Confucianism) the five cardinal Confucian virtues (justice, politeness, wisdom, fidelity and benevolence)


民盟

/min³⁵ mɤŋ³⁵/

/mɐn²¹ mɐŋ²¹/

/min³⁵ mɤŋ³⁵/

/mɐn²¹ mɐŋ²¹/

Short for 中國民主同盟／中国民主同盟 (Zhōngguó mínzhǔ tóngméng).

zh-etym-short

Chinese Communist Party
w:Chinese Communist Party

China Democratic League (one of the 8 democratic parties under the United Front of the Chinese Communist Party)


王母

/wɑŋ³⁵ mu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/wɔːŋ²¹ mou̯¹³/

/wɑŋ³⁵ mu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/wɔːŋ²¹ mou̯¹³/

(Chinese mythology, Taoism) Queen Mother of the West


三國

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (三國):
* → Japanese: 三国(さんごく) (sangoku)
* → Korean: 삼국(三國) (samguk)
* → Vietnamese: Tam Quốc (三國)

→ English: Three Kingdoms

desc

→ Thai: สามก๊ก

→ Thai: สามก๊ก

→ Khmer: សាមកុក (saam-kok)

→ Japanese: サームコック (Sāmukokku)

→ Indonesian: Sam Kok, Samkok

/sän⁵⁵ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

/saːm⁵⁵ kʷɔːk̚³/

/saŋ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋuɔʔ²⁴/

/sam⁴⁴⁻²² kɔk̚³²/

/sam⁴⁴⁻²² kɔk̚³²/

/sam⁴⁴⁻³³ kɔk̚³²/

/sam⁴⁴⁻³³ kɔk̚³²/

/sän⁵⁵ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

/saːm⁵⁵ kʷɔːk̚³/

/saŋ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋuɔʔ²⁴/

/sam⁴⁴⁻²² kɔk̚³²/

/sam⁴⁴⁻²² kɔk̚³²/

/sam⁴⁴⁻³³ kɔk̚³²/

/sam⁴⁴⁻³³ kɔk̚³²/

(Chinese history) the Three Kingdoms (220–280 CE)


月桂

/ɥɛ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ku̯eɪ̯⁵¹/

/jyːt̚² kʷɐi̯³³/

/kyøʔ²⁴ ke⁴²/

/ɡe(ʔ)⁴⁻¹¹ kui¹¹/

/ɥɛ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ku̯eɪ̯⁵¹/

/jyːt̚² kʷɐi̯³³/

/kyøʔ²⁴ ke⁴²/

/ɡe(ʔ)⁴⁻¹¹ kui¹¹/

Laurus nobilis
Laurus nobilis#Translingual

(literary, Chinese mythology) sweet osmanthus on the Moon


蟾宮

/ʈ͡ʂʰän³⁵ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰän³⁵ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

From the legend of a pareidolic lunar toad.

(Chinese mythology) the palace of the Moon


金朝

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯³⁵/

/kɐm⁵⁵ t͡sʰiːu̯²¹/

/kiŋ⁵⁵ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾nieu⁵³/

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯³⁵/

/kɐm⁵⁵ t͡sʰiːu̯²¹/

/kiŋ⁵⁵ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾nieu⁵³/

the Jin dynasty (Jurchen dynasty) (1115-1234)


戰國

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (戰國):
* → Japanese: 戦国(せんごく) (Sengoku)
* → Korean: 전국(戰國) (Jeon'guk)
* → Vietnamese: Chiến Quốc (戰國)

/ʈ͡ʂän⁵¹ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

/t͡siːn³³ kʷɔːk̚³/

/t͡sieŋ²¹³⁻⁵³ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋuɔʔ²⁴/

/t͡siɛn²¹⁻⁵³ kɔk̚³²/

/t͡siɛn⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ kɔk̚⁵/

/t͡siɛn²¹⁻⁵³ kɔk̚³²/

/t͡siɛn¹¹⁻⁵³ kɔk̚³²/

/t͡siɛn²¹⁻⁴¹ kɔk̚³²/

/ʈ͡ʂän⁵¹ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

/t͡siːn³³ kʷɔːk̚³/

/t͡sieŋ²¹³⁻⁵³ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋuɔʔ²⁴/

/t͡siɛn²¹⁻⁵³ kɔk̚³²/

/t͡siɛn⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ kɔk̚⁵/

/t͡siɛn²¹⁻⁵³ kɔk̚³²/

/t͡siɛn¹¹⁻⁵³ kɔk̚³²/

/t͡siɛn²¹⁻⁴¹ kɔk̚³²/

(history) the Warring States period (of Chinese history)


明代

/miŋ³⁵ taɪ̯⁵¹/

/mɪŋ²¹ tɔːi̯²²/

/miŋ³⁵ taɪ̯⁵¹/

/mɪŋ²¹ tɔːi̯²²/

the Ming Era, the time of the Ming dynasty (1368–1644)


清代

/t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵ taɪ̯⁵¹/

/t͡sʰɪŋ⁵⁵ tɔːi̯²²/

/t͡sʰeŋ³³⁻²³ to¹¹/

/t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵ taɪ̯⁵¹/

/t͡sʰɪŋ⁵⁵ tɔːi̯²²/

/t͡sʰeŋ³³⁻²³ to¹¹/


元代

/ɥɛn³⁵ taɪ̯⁵¹/

/jyːn²¹ tɔːi̯²²/

/ɥɛn³⁵ taɪ̯⁵¹/

/jyːn²¹ tɔːi̯²²/


唐代

/tʰɑŋ³⁵ taɪ̯⁵¹/

/tʰɔːŋ²¹ tɔːi̯²²/

/tʰɑŋ³⁵ taɪ̯⁵¹/

/tʰɔːŋ²¹ tɔːi̯²²/


神佛

/ʂən³⁵ fu̯ɔ³⁵/

/sɐn²¹ fɐt̚²/

/zən²² vəʔ⁴⁴/

/ʂən³⁵ fu̯ɔ³⁵/

/sɐn²¹ fɐt̚²/

/zən²² vəʔ⁴⁴/


年獸

/ni̯ɛn³⁵ ʂoʊ̯⁵¹/

/niːn²¹ sɐu̯³³/

/ni̯ɛn³⁵ ʂoʊ̯⁵¹/

/niːn²¹ sɐu̯³³/

"nian", a beast which, in Chinese mythology, comes out of hiding and attacks people near the Chinese New Year


文化大革命

ㄨㄣˊ ㄏㄨㄚˋ ㄉㄚˋ ㄍㄜˊ ㄇㄧㄥˋ

Вэньхуа Да Гэмин

/wən³⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹⁻⁵³ tä⁵¹ kɤ³⁵ miŋ⁵¹/

/mɐn²¹ faː³³ taːi̯²² kaːk̚³ mɪŋ²²/

/mɐn²¹ faː³³ taːi̯²² kaːp̚³ mɪŋ²²/

/uŋ⁵³⁻²¹ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ŋuɑ²¹³ tai²⁴²⁻²¹ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ɛiʔ²⁴⁻⁵⁵ mɛiŋ²⁴²/

/bun¹³⁻²² hua²¹⁻⁵³ tai²²⁻²¹ kiɪk̚³²⁻⁵ biɪŋ²²/

/bun²⁴⁻¹¹ hua¹¹⁻⁵³ tai³³⁻¹¹ kiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ biɪŋ³³/

/bun²⁴⁻²² hua²¹⁻⁵³ tai²²⁻²¹ kiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ biɪŋ²²/

/bun²³⁻³³ hua²¹⁻⁴¹ tai³³⁻²¹ kiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ biɪŋ³³/

/bun²⁴⁻²² hua⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ tai⁴¹⁻²² kiak̚⁵⁻²⁴ biɪŋ⁴¹/

/vən²² ho⁴⁴ da²² kəʔ⁵⁵ min²¹/

/wən³⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹⁻⁵³ tä⁵¹ kɤ³⁵ miŋ⁵¹/

/mɐn²¹ faː³³ taːi̯²² kaːk̚³ mɪŋ²²/

/mɐn²¹ faː³³ taːi̯²² kaːp̚³ mɪŋ²²/

/vən²² ho⁴⁴ da²² kəʔ⁵⁵ min²¹/


文革

/wən³⁵ kɤ³⁵/

/wən³⁵ kɤ³⁵/

文化大革命 文化大革命#Chinese

Short for 文化大革命 (Wénhuà Dà Gémìng, “Cultural Revolution”).


長征

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰœːŋ²¹ t͡sɪŋ⁵⁵/

/tiɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴/

/tiɔŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡siɪŋ³³/

/tiɔŋ²³⁻³³ t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴/

/tiɔŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴/

/tiaŋ¹³⁻²² t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴/

/tŋ̍²⁴⁻²² t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰiaŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡seŋ³³/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰœːŋ²¹ t͡sɪŋ⁵⁵/

/tiɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴/

/tiɔŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡siɪŋ³³/

/tiɔŋ²³⁻³³ t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴/

/tiɔŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴/

/tiaŋ¹³⁻²² t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴/

/tŋ̍²⁴⁻²² t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰiaŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡seŋ³³/

(history) Long March (the military retreat undertaken by the Red Army of the Communist Party of China, October 1934–October 1935)


大黑天

Sino-Xenic (大黑天):
* → Japanese: 大黒天(だいこくてん) (Daikokuten)
* → Korean: 대흑천(大黑天) (Daeheukcheon)
* → Vietnamese: Đại Hắc Thiên (大黑天)

Calque of Sanskrit महाकाल (mahākāla, literally “Great Time”). Compare Tibetan ནག་པོ་ཆེན་པོ (nag po chen po, literally “Great Black One”).

cog

ནག་པོ་ཆེན་པོ

/tä⁵¹ xeɪ̯⁵⁵ tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/tä⁵¹ xeɪ̯⁵⁵ tʰi̯ɑɻ⁵⁵/

/taːi̯²² hɐk̚⁵ tʰiːn⁵⁵/

/tä⁵¹ xeɪ̯⁵⁵ tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/tä⁵¹ xeɪ̯⁵⁵ tʰi̯ɑɻ⁵⁵/

/taːi̯²² hɐk̚⁵ tʰiːn⁵⁵/


租界

/t͡su⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛ⁵¹/

/t͡su²⁴⁻¹¹ gi̯e⁵⁵/

/t͡su²⁴⁻¹¹ gi̯ai̯⁵⁵/

/t͡sɔ⁴⁴⁻²² kai²¹/

/t͡sou³³⁻²³ kai²¹³/

/t͡su⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛ⁵¹/

/t͡su²⁴⁻¹¹ gi̯e⁵⁵/

/t͡su²⁴⁻¹¹ gi̯ai̯⁵⁵/

/t͡sɔ⁴⁴⁻²² kai²¹/

/t͡sou³³⁻²³ kai²¹³/


民國

→ Bouyei: Minfguef

→ Zhuang: Minzgoz

/mɐn²¹ kʷɔːk̚³/

/miŋ¹¹ kuəʔ²/

/miŋ⁵³⁻²¹ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋuɔʔ²⁴/

/miŋ¹³⁻⁴² kɒʔ¹/

/miŋ¹³⁻⁴² kɒʔ²/

/miŋ¹³⁻⁴² ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋɒʔ¹/

/miŋ¹³⁻⁴² ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋɒʔ²/

/bin²⁴⁻²² kɔk̚³²/

/bin²⁴⁻²² kɔk̚⁵/

/bin¹³⁻²² kɔk̚³²/

/bin²⁴⁻¹¹ kɔk̚³²/

/bin²³⁻³³ kɔk̚³²/

/miŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ kok̚²/

/min¹³ ku̯ɤ̞²⁴/

/mɐn²¹ kʷɔːk̚³/

/miŋ¹¹ kuəʔ²/

/miŋ⁵³⁻²¹ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋuɔʔ²⁴/

/miŋ¹³⁻⁴² kɒʔ¹/

/miŋ¹³⁻⁴² kɒʔ²/

/miŋ¹³⁻⁴² ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋɒʔ¹/

/miŋ¹³⁻⁴² ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋɒʔ²/

/bin²⁴⁻²² kɔk̚³²/

/bin²⁴⁻²² kɔk̚⁵/

/bin¹³⁻²² kɔk̚³²/

/bin²⁴⁻¹¹ kɔk̚³²/

/bin²³⁻³³ kɔk̚³²/

/miŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ kok̚²/

/min¹³ ku̯ɤ̞²⁴/

105th year of the Republic era (i.e. 2016 A.D.)

民國105年

民国105年

the Republic of China era (a Chinese era name; the era beginning with the founding of the Republic of China in 1912)


織女

/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ ny²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sɪk̚⁵ nɵy̯¹³⁻³⁵/

/t͡sɨt̚⁵ n̠ʲy²¹³/

/t͡sɨt̚² ŋ̍³¹/

/t͡səʔ²⁻⁴⁵ ny⁵³/

/t͡sit̚³²⁻⁴ lu⁵³/

/t͡sit̚³²⁻⁴ lu⁴¹/

/t͡sit̚⁵⁻²⁴ lɯ⁵⁵⁴/

/t͡sit̚³²⁻⁵⁴ lɯ⁵³/

/t͡sit̚³²⁻⁴ li⁵³/

/t͡sit̚³²⁻⁵ li⁵³/

/t͡sit̚³¹⁻⁵ li⁵¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ ny²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sɪk̚⁵ nɵy̯¹³⁻³⁵/

/t͡sɨt̚⁵ n̠ʲy²¹³/

/t͡sɨt̚² ŋ̍³¹/

/t͡səʔ²⁻⁴⁵ ny⁵³/

/t͡sit̚³²⁻⁴ lu⁵³/

/t͡sit̚³²⁻⁴ lu⁴¹/

/t͡sit̚⁵⁻²⁴ lɯ⁵⁵⁴/

/t͡sit̚³²⁻⁵⁴ lɯ⁵³/

/t͡sit̚³²⁻⁴ li⁵³/

/t͡sit̚³²⁻⁵ li⁵³/

/t͡sit̚³¹⁻⁵ li⁵¹/

(Chinese mythology) Zhinü, the weaver girl; see The Weaver Girl and the Cowherd


破鏡

/pʰu̯ɔ⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕiŋ⁵¹/

/pʰɔː³³ kɛːŋ³³/

/pʰu̯ɔ⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕiŋ⁵¹/

/pʰɔː³³ kɛːŋ³³/

;ferocious beast that eats its own father

alt. forms: 破獍 (pòjìng)

(Chinese mythology) pojing, a ferocious beast that eats its own father


論語

/lu̯ən³⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lɵn²¹ jyː¹³/

/lɵn²² jyː¹³/

/lun²⁴⁻²² ɡɯ⁵⁵⁴/

/lun³³⁻¹¹ ɡu⁵³/

/lun²⁴⁻²² ɡu⁵³/

/lun²²⁻²¹ ɡi⁵³/

/lun³³⁻²¹ ɡi⁴¹/

/lu̯ən³⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lɵn²¹ jyː¹³/

/lɵn²² jyː¹³/

/lun²⁴⁻²² ɡɯ⁵⁵⁴/

/lun³³⁻¹¹ ɡu⁵³/

/lun²⁴⁻²² ɡu⁵³/

/lun²²⁻²¹ ɡi⁵³/

/lun³³⁻²¹ ɡi⁴¹/

With a knowledge of only half of the Analects I can govern all under heaven.

attributed to 趙普 Zhao Pu, based on a line in 高文秀 Gao Wenxiu's play《好酒趙元遇上皇》 Tippler Zhao Yuan Encounters the Prior Emperor

半部論語治天下

半部论语治天下

Each time I decide on some important affair, I open up a piece of writing — the Analects. Now it is said of me that “I order the empire with half of the Analects.”

高文秀 Gao Wenxiu, 《好酒趙元遇上皇》 Tippler Zhao Yuan Encounters the Prior Emperor, [Yuan dynasty]

Měi jué dàshì, qǐwén guānshū, nǎi “lùnyǔ” yě, cǐshí chēng xiǎoguān yǐ bàn bù “lùnyǔ” zhì yī tiānxià.

每決大事，啟文觀書，乃《論語》也，此時稱小官以半部《論語》治一天下。

每决大事，启文观书，乃《论语》也，此时称小官以半部《论语》治一天下。

Lunyu, the Analects of Confucius (one of the Four Books (四書／四书 (Sìshū)) of Confucianism)


道家

/tɑʊ̯⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵/

/to²²⁻²¹ ka⁴⁴/

/tɑʊ̯⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵/

/to²²⁻²¹ ka⁴⁴/


洞天

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (洞天):
* → Korean: 동천(洞天) (dongcheon)

/tʊŋ⁵¹ tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/tʊŋ⁵¹ tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

(Taoism) place where supernatural beings live


建國

/t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

/kiːn³³ kʷɔːk̚³/

/kyoŋ²¹³⁻⁵³ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋuɔʔ²⁴/

/kiɛn²¹⁻⁵³ kɔk̚³²/

/kiɛn⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ kɔk̚⁵/

/kiɛn²¹⁻⁵³ kɔk̚³²/

/kiɛn¹¹⁻⁵³ kɔk̚³²/

/kiɛn²¹⁻⁴¹ kɔk̚³²/

/kieŋ³⁵⁻¹¹ kok̚²/

/t͡ɕi³³ koʔ⁴⁴/

/t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

/kiːn³³ kʷɔːk̚³/

/kyoŋ²¹³⁻⁵³ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋuɔʔ²⁴/

/kiɛn²¹⁻⁵³ kɔk̚³²/

/kiɛn⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ kɔk̚⁵/

/kiɛn²¹⁻⁵³ kɔk̚³²/

/kiɛn¹¹⁻⁵³ kɔk̚³²/

/kiɛn²¹⁻⁴¹ kɔk̚³²/

/kieŋ³⁵⁻¹¹ kok̚²/

/t͡ɕi³³ koʔ⁴⁴/

People's Republic of China
People's Republic of China

(chiefly Mainland China) the foundation of the People's Republic of China in 1949

(neologism, slang, humorous) Short for 川建國／川建国 (Chuān Jiànguó, “Donald Trump”).


埋單

zh-l

買單／买单 (mǎidān)

→ Mandarin: 買單／买单 (mǎidān)

/maɪ̯³⁵ tän⁵⁵/

/maɪ̯³⁵ tän⁵⁵/

埋 (maai⁴, “to finish; to close off”) + 單 /单 (daan¹, “bill”)

compound

伙記，埋單！

伙记，埋单！

(chiefly Cantonese) to pay for the restaurant bill; to pick up the bill; to pay the check


主體

/ʈ͡ʂu²¹⁴⁻³⁵ tʰi²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡syː³⁵ tʰɐi̯³⁵/

/t͡su⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tʰe⁵³/

/t͡su⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tʰe⁵⁵⁴/

/t͡su⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tʰe⁵³/

/t͡su⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tʰe⁵³/

/t͡su⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tʰe⁴¹/

/t͡su⁵²⁻³⁵ tʰi⁵²⁻²¹/

/ʈ͡ʂu²¹⁴⁻³⁵ tʰi²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡syː³⁵ tʰɐi̯³⁵/

/t͡su⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tʰe⁵³/

/t͡su⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tʰe⁵⁵⁴/

/t͡su⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tʰe⁵³/

/t͡su⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tʰe⁵³/

/t͡su⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tʰe⁴¹/

/t͡su⁵²⁻³⁵ tʰi⁵²⁻²¹/

(communism) Juche (calendar of North Korea)


摩訶婆羅多

ㄇㄛˊ ㄏㄜ ㄆㄛˊ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄉㄨㄛ

/mu̯ɔ³⁵ xɤ⁵⁵ pʰu̯ɔ³⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵ tu̯ɔ⁵⁵/

/mɔː⁵⁵ hɔː⁵⁵ pʰɔː²¹ lɔː²¹ tɔː⁵⁵/

/mu̯ɔ³⁵ xɤ⁵⁵ pʰu̯ɔ³⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵ tu̯ɔ⁵⁵/

/mɔː⁵⁵ hɔː⁵⁵ pʰɔː²¹ lɔː²¹ tɔː⁵⁵/

Phonetic borrowing from Sanskrit महाभारत (mahābhārata), from महा (mahā) + भारत (bhārata). Although a full translation appeared much later, the title itself was mentioned in Chinese as late as in the early 20th century, for example, in the novel The Lone Swan (《斷鴻零雁記》) by Su Manshu [1912]. Variant forms existed, such as 摩訶波羅多 used by Lu Xun [1907]. The Chinese characters chosen for their phonetic values were influenced by the phonetics and conventions of Middle Chinese, into which a substantial corpus of Indic-language works were translated, where it would have be reconstructed as 摩訶婆羅多 (MC ma xa ba la ta).


法老

/fä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ lɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/huaʔ²⁴⁻³⁵ l̃o³³/

/haʔ¹⁻⁴⁵ lɒ⁴⁵³/

/haʔ²⁻²⁴ lɒ³³²/

/huat̚⁵⁻²⁴ lo⁵⁵⁴/

/huat̚³²⁻⁴ lɤ⁴¹/

/faʔ³³ lɔ⁴⁴/

/fä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ lɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/huaʔ²⁴⁻³⁵ l̃o³³/

/haʔ¹⁻⁴⁵ lɒ⁴⁵³/

/haʔ²⁻²⁴ lɒ³³²/

/huat̚⁵⁻²⁴ lo⁵⁵⁴/

/huat̚³²⁻⁴ lɤ⁴¹/

/faʔ³³ lɔ⁴⁴/

Phono-semantic matching of Ancient Greek Φαραώ (Pharaṓ), from Biblical Hebrew פַּרְעֹה (parʿōh), from Egyptian pr:aA (pr-ꜥꜣ, “palace, pharaoh”).

der

<i class="Latn mention" lang="egy">pr-ꜥꜣ</i>

pharaoh (supreme ruler of ancient Egypt)


帶走

/taɪ̯⁵¹ t͡soʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/taːi̯³³ t͡sɐu̯³⁵/

/taɪ̯⁵¹ t͡soʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/taːi̯³³ t͡sɐu̯³⁵/

把他帶走。

把他带走。

帶我走。

带我走。


抗戰

/kʰɑŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂän⁵¹/

/kʰɔːŋ³³ t͡siːn³³/

/kʰɔŋ²¹⁻⁵³ t͡siɛn²¹/

/kʰɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ t͡siɛn⁴¹/

/kʰɔŋ²¹⁻⁵³ t͡siɛn²¹/

/kʰɔŋ¹¹⁻⁵³ t͡siɛn¹¹/

/kʰɔŋ²¹⁻⁴¹ t͡siɛn²¹/

/kʰaŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ t͡sieŋ²¹³/

/kʰɑ̃³³ t͡sø⁴⁴/

/kʰɑ̃⁵² t͡sø¹¹/

/kʰɑŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂän⁵¹/

/kʰɔːŋ³³ t͡siːn³³/

/kʰɔŋ²¹⁻⁵³ t͡siɛn²¹/

/kʰɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ t͡siɛn⁴¹/

/kʰɔŋ²¹⁻⁵³ t͡siɛn²¹/

/kʰɔŋ¹¹⁻⁵³ t͡siɛn¹¹/

/kʰɔŋ²¹⁻⁴¹ t͡siɛn²¹/

/kʰaŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ t͡sieŋ²¹³/

/kʰɑ̃³³ t͡sø⁴⁴/

/kʰɑ̃⁵² t͡sø¹¹/

他在抗戰時期當過二鬼子。

他在抗战时期当过二鬼子。

war of resistance (especially the war against Japan from 1937-1945)


中國共產黨

ㄓㄨㄥ ㄍㄨㄛˊ ㄍㄨㄥˋ ㄔㄢˇ ㄉㄤˇ

Чжунго Гунчаньдан

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ ku̯ɔ³⁵ kʊŋ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰän²¹⁴⁻³⁵ tɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ kʷɔːk̚³ kʊŋ²² t͡sʰaːn³⁵ tɔːŋ³⁵/

/t͡suŋ²⁴ ku̯et̚² kʰi̯uŋ⁵⁵ san³¹ toŋ³¹/

/tyŋ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋuɔʔ²⁴ kyŋ²⁴²⁻²¹ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾naŋ³³⁻³⁵ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾nouŋ³³/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kɔk̚³²⁻⁴ kiɔŋ²²⁻²¹ san⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tɔŋ⁵³/

/tiɔŋ³³ kɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ kiɔŋ⁴¹⁻²² san⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tɔŋ⁵⁵⁴/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kɔk̚³²⁻⁵ kiɔŋ²²⁻²¹ san⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tɔŋ⁵³/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kɔk̚³²⁻⁴ kiɔŋ³³⁻¹¹ san⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tɔŋ⁵³/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kɔk̚³²⁻⁴ kiɔŋ³³⁻²¹ san⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tɔŋ⁴¹/

/toŋ³³⁻²³ kok̚²⁻⁴ kaŋ¹¹ sũã⁵²⁻³⁵ taŋ⁵²⁻²¹/

/t͡suŋ²⁴ ku̯et̚² kʰi̯uŋ⁵⁵ san³¹ toŋ³¹/

Communist Party of China (CPC); Chinese Communist Party (CCP)


歐羅巴

/ˀoʊ̯⁵⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵ pä⁵⁵/

/ɐu̯⁵⁵ lɔː²¹ paː⁵⁵/

/ɛu⁵⁵ l̃o⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵖ⁻⁾βa⁵⁵/

/au⁴⁴⁻³³ lo²⁴⁻¹¹ pa⁴⁴/

/au⁴⁴⁻²² lo¹³⁻²² pa⁴⁴/

/au³³ lo²⁴⁻²² pa³³/

/au⁴⁴⁻²² lo²⁴⁻²² pa⁴⁴/

/au⁴⁴⁻³³ lɤ²³⁻³³ pa⁴⁴/

/o³³ lo²⁴⁻²² pa³³/

/ˀoʊ̯⁵⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵ pä⁵⁵/

/ɐu̯⁵⁵ lɔː²¹ paː⁵⁵/

/ɛu⁵⁵ l̃o⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵖ⁻⁾βa⁵⁵/

/au⁴⁴⁻³³ lo²⁴⁻¹¹ pa⁴⁴/

/au⁴⁴⁻²² lo¹³⁻²² pa⁴⁴/

/au³³ lo²⁴⁻²² pa³³/

/au⁴⁴⁻²² lo²⁴⁻²² pa⁴⁴/

/au⁴⁴⁻³³ lɤ²³⁻³³ pa⁴⁴/

/o³³ lo²⁴⁻²² pa³³/

Formerly written as 歐邏巴／欧逻巴, which is borrowed from Latin Europa and first attested in Kunyu Wanguo Quantu [1602] by Matteo Ricci.

(Greek mythology) Europa (princess abducted to Crete by Zeus)


年號

/ni̯ɛn³⁵ xɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/nˡieŋ⁵³⁻²¹ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ŋɔ²⁴²/

/liɛn²⁴⁻²² ho²²/

/liɛn²⁴⁻²² ho⁴¹/

/liɛn¹³⁻²² ho²²/

/liɛn²⁴⁻¹¹ ho³³/

/liɛn²³⁻³³ hɤ³³/

/ni⁵⁵⁻¹¹ ho¹¹/

/ni̯ɛn³⁵ xɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/nˡieŋ⁵³⁻²¹ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ŋɔ²⁴²/

/liɛn²⁴⁻²² ho²²/

/liɛn²⁴⁻²² ho⁴¹/

/liɛn¹³⁻²² ho²²/

/liɛn²⁴⁻¹¹ ho³³/

/liɛn²³⁻³³ hɤ³³/

/ni⁵⁵⁻¹¹ ho¹¹/

/nĩ²³⁻³³ kɤ³³/

/nĩ¹³⁻²² ko²²/

/nĩ²⁴⁻²² ko²²/

/nĩ²⁴⁻¹¹ ko³³/

/nĩ²⁴⁻²² ko²²/

/nĩ²⁴⁻¹¹ ko⁴⁴/

/nĩ²³⁻³³ kɤ⁴⁴/

/nĩ²³⁻³³ kɤ³³/

/nĩ¹³⁻²² ko²²/

/nĩ²⁴⁻²² ko²²/

/nĩ²⁴⁻¹¹ ko³³/

/nĩ²⁴⁻²² ko²²/

/nĩ²⁴⁻¹¹ ko⁴⁴/

/nĩ²³⁻³³ kɤ⁴⁴/

era name (subdivision in the reign of an emperor); regnal period; regnal year


迪士尼

/ti³⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹ ni³⁵/

/tɪk̚² siː²² nei̯²¹/

/diɪʔ¹¹ zz̩²² n̠ʲi²³/

/ti³⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹ ni³⁵/

/tɪk̚² siː²² nei̯²¹/

/diɪʔ¹¹ zz̩²² n̠ʲi²³/

迪士尼樂園 迪士尼樂園#Chinese

迪士尼乐园 迪士尼乐园#Chinese

Short for 迪士尼樂園／迪士尼乐园 (Díshìní lèyuán, “Disneyland Park; Disneyland”).


紹興

→ English: Shao-hsing, Shaoxing

/ʂɑʊ̯⁵¹ ɕiŋ⁵⁵/

/siːu̯²² hɪŋ⁵⁵/

/sieu²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾iŋ⁵⁵/

/siau²²⁻²¹ hiɪŋ⁴⁴/

/siau⁴¹⁻²² hiɪŋ³³/

/siau²²⁻²¹ hiɪŋ⁴⁴/

/siau³³⁻¹¹ hiɪŋ⁴⁴/

/siau³³⁻²¹ hiɪŋ⁴⁴/

/zɔ²² ɕin⁴⁴/

/ʂɑʊ̯⁵¹ ɕiŋ⁵⁵/

/siːu̯²² hɪŋ⁵⁵/

/sieu²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾iŋ⁵⁵/

/siau²²⁻²¹ hiɪŋ⁴⁴/

/siau⁴¹⁻²² hiɪŋ³³/

/siau²²⁻²¹ hiɪŋ⁴⁴/

/siau³³⁻¹¹ hiɪŋ⁴⁴/

/siau³³⁻²¹ hiɪŋ⁴⁴/

/zɔ²² ɕin⁴⁴/

(～市) Shaoxing (a prefecture-level city in eastern Zhejiang, China)


伏羲

Cf. 羲和 (“Xihe”), a solar goddess sometimes used as a personification of the sun.

伏犧
伏戲
庖羲
宓羲
虙羲
炮犧
庖犧
包犧
宓戲
虙戲

(Chinese mythology) Fuxi (a legendary ancient Chinese ruler and culture hero)

(～氏) (Chinese mythology, Chinese history) Fuxi clan (Fuxi understood as a dynastic name in Chinese mythology and prehistory)


庖犧

/pʰɑʊ̯³⁵ ɕi⁵⁵/

/pʰaːu̯²¹ hei̯⁵⁵/

/pʰɑʊ̯³⁵ ɕi⁵⁵/

/pʰaːu̯²¹ hei̯⁵⁵/

(～氏) (Chinese mythology) Alternative name for 伏羲 (Fúxī, “Fuxi”).


小道

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ tɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ tɑʊ̯⁵¹/


孔教

/kʰʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/hʊŋ³⁵ kaːu̯³³/

/kʰʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/hʊŋ³⁵ kaːu̯³³/


印度教

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (印度教):
* → Korean: 인도교(印度敎) (indogyo)
* → Vietnamese: Ấn Độ giáo (印度教)

ㄧㄣˋ ㄉㄨˋ ㄐㄧㄠˋ

/in⁵¹⁻⁵³ tu⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/jɐn³³ tou̯²² kaːu̯³³/

/iŋ²¹³⁻²¹ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾nu²⁴²⁻⁵³ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ɑu²¹³/

/in⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ tɔ⁴¹⁻²² kau⁴¹/

/in¹¹⁻⁵³ tɔ³³⁻¹¹ kau¹¹/

/in²¹⁻⁵³ tɔ²²⁻²¹ kau²¹/

/in²¹⁻⁴² tɔ²²⁻²¹ kau²¹/

/in²¹⁻⁴¹ tɔ³³⁻²¹ kau²¹/

/iŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ tou¹¹ ka²¹³/

/in³³ du⁵⁵ t͡ɕiɔ²¹/

/in⁵¹⁻⁵³ tu⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/jɐn³³ tou̯²² kaːu̯³³/

/iŋ²¹³⁻²¹ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾nu²⁴²⁻⁵³ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ɑu²¹³/

/in⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ tɔ⁴¹⁻²² kau⁴¹/

/in¹¹⁻⁵³ tɔ³³⁻¹¹ kau¹¹/

/in²¹⁻⁵³ tɔ²²⁻²¹ kau²¹/

/in²¹⁻⁴² tɔ²²⁻²¹ kau²¹/

/in²¹⁻⁴¹ tɔ³³⁻²¹ kau²¹/

/iŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ tou¹¹ ka²¹³/

/in³³ du⁵⁵ t͡ɕiɔ²¹/


毛澤東主義

ㄇㄠˊ ㄗㄜˊ ㄉㄨㄥ ㄓㄨˇ ㄧˋ

Мао Цзэдун чжуи

/mɑʊ̯³⁵ t͡sɤ³⁵ tʊŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂu²¹⁴⁻²¹ i⁵¹/

/mou̯²¹ t͡saːk̚² tʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡syː³⁵ jiː²²/

/mɑʊ̯³⁵ t͡sɤ³⁵ tʊŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂu²¹⁴⁻²¹ i⁵¹/

/mou̯²¹ t͡saːk̚² tʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡syː³⁵ jiː²²/

Maoism, Communist philosophy according to the writings and ideas of Mao Zedong


十戒

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛ⁵¹/

/sɐp̚² kaːi̯³³/

/zəʔ¹¹ ka²³/

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛ⁵¹/

/sɐp̚² kaːi̯³³/

/zəʔ¹¹ ka²³/


農神

/nʊŋ³⁵ ʂən³⁵/

/nʊŋ³⁵ ʂən³⁵/


布施

/pu⁵¹ ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/

/pɔ²¹⁻⁵³ si⁴⁴/

/pɔ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ si³³/

/pɔ²¹⁻⁵³ si⁴⁴/

/pɔ¹¹⁻⁵³ si⁴⁴/

/pɔ²¹⁻⁴¹ si⁴⁴/

/pu⁵¹ ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/

/pɔ²¹⁻⁵³ si⁴⁴/

/pɔ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ si³³/

/pɔ²¹⁻⁵³ si⁴⁴/

/pɔ¹¹⁻⁵³ si⁴⁴/

/pɔ²¹⁻⁴¹ si⁴⁴/

(Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism) to practice dana


布施

Sino-Xenic (布施):
* → Japanese: 布施(ふせ) (fuse)
* → Korean: 보시(布施) (bosi)

/pu⁵¹ ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/

/pɔ²¹⁻⁵³ si⁴⁴/

/pɔ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ si³³/

/pɔ²¹⁻⁵³ si⁴⁴/

/pɔ¹¹⁻⁵³ si⁴⁴/

/pɔ²¹⁻⁴¹ si⁴⁴/

/pu⁵¹ ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/

/pɔ²¹⁻⁵³ si⁴⁴/

/pɔ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ si³³/

/pɔ²¹⁻⁵³ si⁴⁴/

/pɔ¹¹⁻⁵³ si⁴⁴/

/pɔ²¹⁻⁴¹ si⁴⁴/


高達

/kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ tä³⁵/

/kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ tä³⁵/

(Mainland China, Hong Kong) Gundam (Japanese animation franchise)


媽祖

/mä⁵⁵ t͡su²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ma⁴²⁻²⁴ t͡sɔ⁴²/

/mã⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡sɔ⁵⁵⁴/

/mã⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡sɔ⁴¹/

/mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sɔ⁵³/

/ma⁵²⁻³⁵ t͡sou⁵²⁻²¹/

/mä⁵⁵ t͡su²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ma⁴²⁻²⁴ t͡sɔ⁴²/

/mã⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡sɔ⁵⁵⁴/

/mã⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡sɔ⁴¹/

/mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sɔ⁵³/

/ma⁵²⁻³⁵ t͡sou⁵²⁻²¹/

The Tianhou Temple located on Zhengyi Street, Magong City, Penghu County, commonly known as the “Tianfei Temple” or the “Mazu Temple”, known as “Niang Temple”, “Maninang Temple”, “Niangma Temple”, etc. during the Ming dynasty

2013?, "澎湖天后宫 (Penghu Tianhou Temple), 蚂蜂窝 (Mafengwo)

Tiānhòu Gōng wèiyú Pénghú Xiàn Mǎgōng Shì Zhèngyì Jiē shàng, súchēng ‘Tiānfēi Gōng’, ‘Māzǔ Gōng’, zài Míngdài chēngwéi ‘Niáng Gōng’, ‘Māniáng Gōng’, ‘Niángmā Gōng’ ‘Mā Gōng’ děng

天后宮位於澎湖縣馬公市正義街上，俗稱『天妃宮』、『媽祖宮』，在明代稱為『娘宮』、『媽娘宮』、『娘媽宮』『媽宮』等

天后宫位于澎湖县马公市正义街上，俗称『天妃宫』、『妈祖宫』，在明代称为『娘宫』、『妈娘宫』、『娘妈宫』『妈宫』等


狐狸精

/xu³⁵ li³ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵/

/wuː²¹ lei̯²¹ t͡sɪŋ⁵⁵/

/hu⁵³⁻³³ l̃i⁵³⁻³³ ^((t͡s-))ʒiaŋ⁵⁵/

/hɔ²⁴⁻²² li²⁴⁻²² t͡siã⁴⁴/

/hɔ²⁴⁻²² li²⁴⁻²² t͡siã³³/

/hɔ¹³⁻²² li¹³⁻²² t͡siã⁴⁴/

/hɔ²⁴⁻¹¹ li²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡siã⁴⁴/

/hɔ²³⁻³³ li²³⁻³³ t͡siã⁴⁴/

/hou⁵⁵⁻¹¹ lai⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sĩã³³/

/ɦu²² li⁵⁵ t͡ɕin²¹/

/xu³⁵ li³ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵/

/wuː²¹ lei̯²¹ t͡sɪŋ⁵⁵/

/hu⁵³⁻³³ l̃i⁵³⁻³³ ^((t͡s-))ʒiaŋ⁵⁵/

/hɔ²⁴⁻²² li²⁴⁻²² t͡siã⁴⁴/

/hɔ²⁴⁻²² li²⁴⁻²² t͡siã³³/

/hɔ¹³⁻²² li¹³⁻²² t͡siã⁴⁴/

/hɔ²⁴⁻¹¹ li²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡siã⁴⁴/

/hɔ²³⁻³³ li²³⁻³³ t͡siã⁴⁴/

/hou⁵⁵⁻¹¹ lai⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sĩã³³/

/ɦu²² li⁵⁵ t͡ɕin²¹/

(Chinese mythology) hulijing; fox spirit


魔怪

→ English: mogwai

/mu̯ɔ³⁵ ku̯aɪ̯⁵¹/

/mɔː⁵⁵ kʷaːi̯³³/

/mɔ̃²⁴⁻²² kuai⁴¹/

/mɔ̃²⁴⁻²² kuai²¹/

/mɔ̃¹³⁻²² kuai²¹/

/mu̯ɔ³⁵ ku̯aɪ̯⁵¹/

/mɔː⁵⁵ kʷaːi̯³³/

/mɔ̃²⁴⁻²² kuai⁴¹/

/mɔ̃²⁴⁻²² kuai²¹/

/mɔ̃¹³⁻²² kuai²¹/

(Chinese mythology) mogwai (a kind of demon held to be harmful to humans)


莊子

Sino-Xenic (莊子):
* → Japanese: 荘(そう)子(し) (Sōshi)
* → Korean: 장자(莊子) (Jangja)
* → Vietnamese: Trang Tử (莊子)

→ Zhuang: Cangqswj

/ʈ͡ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ d͡z̥z̩²/

/ʈ͡ʂuɑŋ²⁴ t͡sz̩⁵¹/

/t͡sɔːŋ⁵⁵ t͡siː³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ d͡z̥z̩²/

/ʈ͡ʂuɑŋ²⁴ t͡sz̩⁵¹/

/t͡sɔːŋ⁵⁵ t͡siː³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡soŋ²⁴ t͡sɨ³¹/

/t͡sɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡su⁵³/

/t͡sɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡su⁴¹/

/t͡sɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² t͡su⁵³/

/t͡sɔŋ³³ t͡sɯ⁵⁵⁴/

/ʈ͡ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sɔːŋ⁵⁵ t͡siː³⁵/

/t͡soŋ²⁴ t͡sɨ³¹/

/t͡sɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡su⁵³/

/t͡sɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡su⁴¹/

/t͡sɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² t͡su⁵³/

/t͡sɔŋ³³ t͡sɯ⁵⁵⁴/

Zhuangzi (an influential Chinese philosopher who lived around the 4th century BCE during the Warring States Period)

Zhuangzi (an ancient Chinese collection of anecdotes and fables, one of the foundational texts of Taoism, traditionally attributed to the philosopher)


義和團

/i⁵¹ xɤ³⁵ tʰu̯än³⁵/

/jiː²² wɔː²¹ tʰyːn²¹/

/i⁵¹ xɤ³⁵ tʰu̯än³⁵/

/jiː²² wɔː²¹ tʰyːn²¹/

(historical) Boxer (a Chinese anti-imperial and xenophobic rebel of the early 1900s)


漢唐

/xän⁵¹ tʰɑŋ³⁵/

/xän⁵¹ tʰɑŋ³⁵/

the Han and Tang dynasties; Han through Tang dynasties


隋唐

/su̯eɪ̯³⁵ tʰɑŋ³⁵/

/t͡sʰɵy̯²¹ tʰɔːŋ²¹/

/su̯eɪ̯³⁵ tʰɑŋ³⁵/

/t͡sʰɵy̯²¹ tʰɔːŋ²¹/

the Sui and Tang dynasties (581–618 and 618–907 respectively)


精衛

/t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ weɪ̯⁵¹/

/t͡sɪŋ⁵⁵ wɐi̯²²/

/t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ weɪ̯⁵¹/

/t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ weɪ̯⁵¹/

/t͡sɪŋ⁵⁵ wɐi̯²²/

(Chinese mythology) Jingwei (the daughter of the emperor Yandi who drowned at a young age in the East Sea and assumed the shape of a bird in order to exact revenge upon the sea by filling it up with pebbles)


炎帝

Sino-Xenic (炎帝):
* → Japanese: 炎帝(えんてい) (entei)

/jiːm²¹ tɐi̯³³/

/jiːm²¹ tɐi̯³³/

(Chinese mythology) the Yan Emperor, also known as Shennong, a legendary Chinese ruler in pre-dynastic times


刑天

/ɕiŋ³⁵ tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/jɪŋ²¹ tʰiːn⁵⁵/

/ɕiŋ³⁵ tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/jɪŋ²¹ tʰiːn⁵⁵/

When Xingtian fought with the Supreme Deity there (the land of people with odd/uneven upper-arms), the Supreme Deity decapitated him and buried his head at Changyang Mountain. [But Xingtian's] nipples became his eyes, his belly button became his mouth and the thrusting of his shield and battle-axe became his dance.

Xíngtiān yǔ dì zhì cǐ (jī gōng zhī guó) zhēng shén, dì duàn qí shǒu, zàng zhī chángyáng zhī shān. Nǎi yǐ rǔ wéi mù, yǐ qí wéi kǒu, cāo gān qī yǐ wǔ.

形天與帝至此（奇肱之國）爭神，帝斷其首，葬之長羊之山。乃以乳為目，以臍為口，操干戚以舞。

形天与帝至此（奇肱之国）争神，帝断其首，葬之长羊之山。乃以乳为目，以脐为口，操干戚以舞。

(Chinese mythology) Xingtian, the deity who fights against the Supreme Divinity and does not give up even after being decapitated


太帝

/tʰaɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ ti⁵¹/

/tʰaɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ ti⁵¹/

(Chinese mythology) the Primordial Divinity


氤氳

Sino-Xenic (氤氳):
* → Japanese: 氤氲(いんうん) (in'un)

氤氲
氤氲
絪縕/絪緼/𬘡缊
烟熅
茵蒕

/jɐn⁵⁵ wɐn⁵⁵/

/jɐn⁵⁵ wɐn⁵⁵/

(literary, ideophonic, Chinese mythology) Describing a state in which the qi of yin and yang intermingle and form a harmonious equilibrium.


古希臘

/ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi⁵⁵ lä⁵¹/

/ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi⁵⁵ lä⁵¹/


夥記

→ English: foki

伙记
伙記
夥計/伙計/伙计

/xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi⁵¹/

/fɔː³⁵ kei̯³³/

/hue⁵²⁻³⁵ ki²¹³/

/xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi⁵¹/

/fɔː³⁵ kei̯³³/

/hue⁵²⁻³⁵ ki²¹³/

(dated, informal) shop assistant; sales rep


山門

/ʂän⁵⁵ mən³⁵/

/ʂän⁵⁵ mən³⁵/


黨中央

/tɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ jɑŋ⁵⁵/

/tɔːŋ³⁵ t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ jœːŋ⁵⁵/

/tɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ jɑŋ⁵⁵/

/tɔːŋ³⁵ t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ jœːŋ⁵⁵/


防風

/fɑŋ³⁵ fɤŋ⁵⁵/

/fɔːŋ²¹ fʊŋ⁵⁵/

/hɔŋ²⁴⁻²² hɔŋ⁴⁴/

/hɔŋ²⁴⁻²² hɔŋ³³/

/hɔŋ¹³⁻²² hɔŋ⁴⁴/

/hɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ hɔŋ⁴⁴/

/hɔŋ²³⁻³³ hɔŋ⁴⁴/

/fɑŋ³⁵ fɤŋ⁵⁵/

/fɔːŋ²¹ fʊŋ⁵⁵/

/hɔŋ²⁴⁻²² hɔŋ⁴⁴/

/hɔŋ²⁴⁻²² hɔŋ³³/

/hɔŋ¹³⁻²² hɔŋ⁴⁴/

/hɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ hɔŋ⁴⁴/

/hɔŋ²³⁻³³ hɔŋ⁴⁴/


羽化

Sino-Xenic (羽化):
* → Japanese: 羽化(うか) (uka)
* → Korean: 우화(羽化) (uhwa)
* → Vietnamese: vũ hoá (羽化)

/y²¹⁴⁻²¹ xu̯ä⁵¹/

/jyː¹³ faː³³/

/y²¹⁴⁻²¹ xu̯ä⁵¹/

/jyː¹³ faː³³/

So vast that we felt as if we were riding a wind in the firmament, not knowing where to land, and so ethereal that we felt as if we were ascending into heaven and becoming immortals.

1082, Su Shi, “Former Ode on the Red Cliffs”

Hàohàohū rú píng xū yù fēng, ér bù zhī qí suǒ zhǐ; piāopiāohū rú yí shì dú lì, yǔhuà ér dēngxiān.

浩浩乎如馮虛禦風，而不知其所止；飄飄乎如遺世獨立，羽化而登仙。

浩浩乎如冯虚御风，而不知其所止；飘飘乎如遗世独立，羽化而登仙。

to ascend to heaven and become an immortal

(Taoism, euphemistic) to die; to pass away

After eclosion, wrigglers become mosquitoes.

孑孓羽化成蚊子。

(zoology) to eclose; to undergo eclosion


鴉片戰爭

ㄧㄚ ㄆㄧㄢˋ ㄓㄢˋ ㄓㄥ

Япянь Чжаньчжэн

/jä⁵⁵ pʰi̯ɛn⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂän⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵⁵/

/aː⁵⁵ pʰiːn³³ t͡siːn³³ t͡sɐŋ⁵⁵/

/jä⁵⁵ pʰi̯ɛn⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂän⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵⁵/

/aː⁵⁵ pʰiːn³³ t͡siːn³³ t͡sɐŋ⁵⁵/


保生大帝

ㄅㄠˇ ㄕㄥ ㄉㄚˋ ㄉㄧˋ

/pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂɤŋ⁵⁵ tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ ti⁵¹/

/pou̯³⁵ sɐŋ⁵⁵ taːi̯²² tɐi̯³³/

/po³¹ sen²⁴⁻¹¹ tʰai̯⁵⁵ ti⁵⁵/

/po³¹ sen²⁴⁻¹¹ tʰai̯⁵⁵ tʰi⁵⁵/

/po³³⁻²¹ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾lɛiŋ⁵⁵ tai²⁴²⁻⁵³ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾lɑ²¹³/

/po⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tai³³⁻¹¹ te¹¹/

/po⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tai²²⁻²¹ te²¹/

/pɤ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tai³³⁻²¹ te²¹/

/po⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ sŋ̍³³ tai⁴¹⁻²² te⁴¹/

/pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂɤŋ⁵⁵ tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ ti⁵¹/

/pou̯³⁵ sɐŋ⁵⁵ taːi̯²² tɐi̯³³/

/po³¹ sen²⁴⁻¹¹ tʰai̯⁵⁵ ti⁵⁵/

/po³¹ sen²⁴⁻¹¹ tʰai̯⁵⁵ tʰi⁵⁵/

/po⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tai³³⁻¹¹ te¹¹/

/po⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tai²²⁻²¹ te²¹/

/pɤ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tai³³⁻²¹ te²¹/

/po⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ sŋ̍³³ tai⁴¹⁻²² te⁴¹/

(Chinese mythology) Baosheng Dadi, a Chinese god of medicine worshiped in Chinese folk religion and Taoism most popularly in Fujian and Taiwan


大道公

/tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ tɑʊ̯⁵¹ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

/taːi̯²² tou̯²² kʊŋ⁵⁵/

/tai²⁴²⁻²¹ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾lo²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾uŋ⁵⁵/

/tai³³⁻¹¹ to³³⁻¹¹ kɔŋ⁴⁴/

/tai²²⁻²¹ to²²⁻²¹ kɔŋ⁴⁴/

/tai³³⁻²¹ tɤ³³⁻²¹ kɔŋ⁴⁴/

/tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ tɑʊ̯⁵¹ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

/taːi̯²² tou̯²² kʊŋ⁵⁵/

/tai²⁴²⁻²¹ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾lo²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾uŋ⁵⁵/

/tai³³⁻¹¹ to³³⁻¹¹ kɔŋ⁴⁴/

/tai²²⁻²¹ to²²⁻²¹ kɔŋ⁴⁴/

/tai³³⁻²¹ tɤ³³⁻²¹ kɔŋ⁴⁴/


吳真人

/u³⁵ ʈ͡ʂən⁵⁵ ʐən³⁵/

/ŋ̍²¹ t͡sɐn⁵⁵ jɐn²¹/

/u³⁵ ʈ͡ʂən⁵⁵ ʐən³⁵/

/ŋ̍²¹ t͡sɐn⁵⁵ jɐn²¹/


花橋公

ㄏㄨㄚ ㄑㄧㄠˊ ㄍㄨㄥ

/xu̯ä⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

/hua⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾yo⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾uŋ⁵⁵/

/xu̯ä⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

/hua⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾yo⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾uŋ⁵⁵/


尾閭

Sino-Xenic (尾閭):
* → Japanese: 尾閭(びりょ) (biryo)
* → Korean: 미려(尾閭) (miryeo)

/weɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ly³⁵/

/mei̯¹³ lɵy̯²¹/

/mei̯¹³ lɵy̯¹³/

/weɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ly³⁵/

/mei̯¹³ lɵy̯²¹/

/mei̯¹³ lɵy̯¹³/

(Chinese mythology) a hole that is said to be located at the bottom of the ocean where all water is endlessly leaking away without ever being exhausted.


梅林

/muːi̯²¹ lɐm²¹/

/muːi̯²¹ lɐm²¹/


性力

/ɕiŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹/

/ɕiŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹/


秦朝

/t͡ɕʰin³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯³⁵/

/t͡sʰɵn²¹ t͡sʰiːu̯²¹/

/t͡siŋ⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾nieu⁵³/

/t͡sʰiŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sʰiou⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰiŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sʰiau⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰeŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sʰiau⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕʰin³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯³⁵/

/t͡sʰɵn²¹ t͡sʰiːu̯²¹/

/t͡siŋ⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾nieu⁵³/

/t͡sʰiŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sʰiou⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰiŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sʰiau⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰeŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sʰiau⁵⁵/


道臺

/tɑʊ̯⁵¹ tʰaɪ̯³⁵/

/tou̯²² tʰɔːi̯²¹/

/tɤ³³⁻²¹ tai²³/

/to²²⁻²¹ tai¹³/

/to²²⁻²¹ tai²⁴/

/to³³⁻¹¹ tai²⁴/

/tɔ⁴¹⁻²² tai²⁴/

/tau³⁵⁻¹¹ tʰai⁵⁵/

/tɑʊ̯⁵¹ tʰaɪ̯³⁵/

/tou̯²² tʰɔːi̯²¹/

/tɤ³³⁻²¹ tai²³/

/to²²⁻²¹ tai¹³/

/to²²⁻²¹ tai²⁴/

/to³³⁻¹¹ tai²⁴/

/tɔ⁴¹⁻²² tai²⁴/

/tau³⁵⁻¹¹ tʰai⁵⁵/

(history) circuit intendant or daotai: local governor or mayor in the imperial Chinese government under the Yuan, Ming, and Qing dynasties


得道

/tɤ³⁵ tɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/tit̚³²⁻⁴ to²²/

/tit̚⁵⁻²⁴ to⁴¹/

/tit̚³²⁻⁵ to²²/

/tit̚³²⁻⁴ to³³/

/tit̚³²⁻⁴ tɤ³³/

/tɤ³⁵ tɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/tit̚³²⁻⁴ to²²/

/tit̚⁵⁻²⁴ to⁴¹/

/tit̚³²⁻⁵ to²²/

/tit̚³²⁻⁴ to³³/

/tit̚³²⁻⁴ tɤ³³/

(Buddhism, Taoism) to attain the Way; to become enlightened; to attain salvation


天后

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ xoʊ̯⁵¹/

/tʰiːn⁵⁵ hɐu̯²²/

/tʰieŋ³³⁻²³ hou³⁵/

/tʰi⁵⁵ hɤ²¹/

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ xoʊ̯⁵¹/

/tʰiːn⁵⁵ hɐu̯²²/

/tʰieŋ³³⁻²³ hou³⁵/

/tʰi⁵⁵ hɤ²¹/

(religion, Chinese mythology) epithet of the Fujianese sea goddess Mazu (媽祖)


俗人

/su³⁵ ʐən³⁵/

/t͡sʊk̚² jɐn²¹/

/su³⁵ ʐən³⁵/

/t͡sʊk̚² jɐn²¹/


太平天國

ㄊㄞˋ ㄆㄧㄥˊ ㄊㄧㄢ ㄍㄨㄛˊ

Тайпин Тяньго

/tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ pʰiŋ³⁵ tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

/tʰaːi̯³³ pʰɪŋ²¹ tʰiːn⁵⁵ kʷɔːk̚³/

/tʰai²¹³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵖ⁻⁾βiŋ⁵³⁽⁻²¹⁾ ^((tʰ-))nieŋ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋuɔʔ²⁴/

/tʰai²¹⁻⁵³ piɪŋ²⁴⁻²² tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² kɔk̚³²/

/tʰai⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ piɪŋ²⁴⁻²² tʰiɛn³³ kɔk̚⁵/

/tʰai²¹⁻⁵³ piɪŋ¹³⁻²² tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² kɔk̚³²/

/tʰai¹¹⁻⁵³ piɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ kɔk̚³²/

/tʰai²¹⁻⁴¹ piɪŋ²³⁻³³ tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ kɔk̚³²/

/tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ pʰiŋ³⁵ tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

/tʰaːi̯³³ pʰɪŋ²¹ tʰiːn⁵⁵ kʷɔːk̚³/

/tʰai²¹⁻⁵³ piɪŋ²⁴⁻²² tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² kɔk̚³²/

/tʰai⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ piɪŋ²⁴⁻²² tʰiɛn³³ kɔk̚⁵/

/tʰai²¹⁻⁵³ piɪŋ¹³⁻²² tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² kɔk̚³²/

/tʰai¹¹⁻⁵³ piɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ kɔk̚³²/

/tʰai²¹⁻⁴¹ piɪŋ²³⁻³³ tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ kɔk̚³²/

Taiping Heavenly Kingdom
Taiping Heavenly Kingdom

the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom era (a Chinese era name; the era from the founding of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom in 1851 until its destruction in 1864)


周朝

/ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯³⁵/

/t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵ t͡sʰiːu̯²¹/

/ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯³⁵/

/t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵ t͡sʰiːu̯²¹/

Qin was originally a vassal state of the Zhou dynasty.

Qín yuánshì Zhōucháo de yī ge zhūhóuguó.

秦原是周朝的一個諸侯國。

秦原是周朝的一个诸侯国。


載道

/t͡saɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ tɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/t͡saɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ tɑʊ̯⁵¹/

(Taoism, Confucianism) to convey moral teachings; to convey the Way

Taoism; Confucianism; Taoism; Confucianism


八岐大蛇

ㄅㄚ ㄑㄧˊ ㄉㄚˋ ㄕㄜˊ

/pä⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵ tä⁵¹ ʂɤ³⁵/

/pä⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵ tä⁵¹ ʂɤ³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 八(や)岐(またの)大(お)蛇(ろち) (Yamata no Orochi).

ja-r

^や%また の% ^お%ろち

(Japanese mythology, Shinto) Yamata no Orochi, a legendary dragon that was slain by Susanoo


青龍

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (青龍):
* → Japanese: 青(せい)竜(りゅう) (seiryū)
* → Korean: 청룡(青龍) (cheongnyong)
* → Vietnamese: Thanh Long (青龍)

/t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵ lʊŋ³⁵/

/t͡sʰɪŋ⁵⁵ lʊŋ²¹/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ liɔŋ²⁴/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ liɔŋ²³/

/t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵ lʊŋ³⁵/

/t͡sʰɪŋ⁵⁵ lʊŋ²¹/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ liɔŋ²⁴/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ liɔŋ²³/

(Chinese mythology) Azure Dragon (one of the Four symbols of the Chinese constellations)

(Chinese mythology) Green Dragon (guardian spirit of the east)


孝悌

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ tʰi⁵¹/

/haːu̯³³ tɐi̯²²/

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ tʰi⁵¹/

/haːu̯³³ tɐi̯²²/

Let careful attention be paid to education in schools, inculcating in it especially the filial and fraternal duties, and grey-haired men will not be seen upon the roads, carrying burdens on their backs or on their heads.

Mencius, c. 4ᵗʰ century BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

Jǐn xiángxù zhī jiào, shēnzhī yǐ xiàotì zhī yì, bānbái zhě bù fùdài yú dàolù yǐ.

謹庠序之教，申之以孝悌之義，頒白者不負戴於道路矣。

谨庠序之教，申之以孝悌之义，颁白者不负戴于道路矣。


魏晉南北朝

ㄨㄟˋ ㄐㄧㄣˋ ㄋㄢˊ ㄅㄟˇ ㄔㄠˊ

Вэйцзинь Наньбэй Чао

/weɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕin⁵¹ nän³⁵ peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯³⁵/

/ŋɐi̯²² t͡sɵn³³ naːm²¹ pɐk̚⁵ t͡sʰiːu̯²¹/

the Wei, Jin and Northern and Southern dynasties (major period in Chinese history between the Han and Sui dynasties from 220 to 589)


魏晉

/weɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕin⁵¹/

/ŋɐi̯²² t͡sɵn³³/

/weɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕin⁵¹/

/ŋɐi̯²² t͡sɵn³³/


南北朝

/nän³⁵ peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯³⁵/

/naːm²¹ pɐk̚⁵ t͡sʰiːu̯²¹/

/nˡaŋ⁵³⁻²¹ ⁽ᵖ⁻⁾møyʔ²⁴⁻²¹ tieu⁵³/

/lam²⁴⁻²² pak̚³²⁻⁴ tiau²⁴/

/lam²⁴⁻²² pak̚⁵⁻²⁴ tiau²⁴/

/lam¹³⁻²² pak̚³²⁻⁵ tiau¹³/

/lam²⁴⁻¹¹ pak̚³²⁻⁴ tiau²⁴/

/lam²³⁻³³ pak̚³²⁻⁴ tiau²³/

/nän³⁵ peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯³⁵/

/naːm²¹ pɐk̚⁵ t͡sʰiːu̯²¹/

/nˡaŋ⁵³⁻²¹ ⁽ᵖ⁻⁾møyʔ²⁴⁻²¹ tieu⁵³/

/lam²⁴⁻²² pak̚³²⁻⁴ tiau²⁴/

/lam²⁴⁻²² pak̚⁵⁻²⁴ tiau²⁴/

/lam¹³⁻²² pak̚³²⁻⁵ tiau¹³/

/lam²⁴⁻¹¹ pak̚³²⁻⁴ tiau²⁴/

/lam²³⁻³³ pak̚³²⁻⁴ tiau²³/

the Northern and Southern dynasties (420-589 in Chinese history)


病嬌

/piŋ⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵/

/piŋ⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵/

病 (bìng) is likely an orthographic borrowing from Japanese 病(や)む (yamu), from which ヤンデレ (yandere) is partly derived.


抗日

/kʰɑŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʐ̩⁵¹/

/kʰɔːŋ³³ jɐt̚²/

/kʰɔŋ¹¹⁻⁵³ lit̚⁴/

/kʰɔŋ²¹⁻⁵³ lit̚⁴/

/kʰɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ lit̚²⁴/

/kʰɔŋ²¹⁻⁴¹ zit̚⁴/

/kʰɔŋ²¹⁻⁵³ d͡zit̚¹²¹/

/kʰaŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ d͡zik̚⁴/

/kʰɑŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʐ̩⁵¹/

/kʰɔːŋ³³ jɐt̚²/

/kʰɔŋ¹¹⁻⁵³ lit̚⁴/

/kʰɔŋ²¹⁻⁵³ lit̚⁴/

/kʰɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ lit̚²⁴/

/kʰɔŋ²¹⁻⁴¹ zit̚⁴/

/kʰɔŋ²¹⁻⁵³ d͡zit̚¹²¹/

/kʰaŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ d͡zik̚⁴/


抗日

/kʰɑŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʐ̩⁵¹/

/kʰɔːŋ³³ jɐt̚²/

/kʰɔŋ¹¹⁻⁵³ lit̚⁴/

/kʰɔŋ²¹⁻⁵³ lit̚⁴/

/kʰɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ lit̚²⁴/

/kʰɔŋ²¹⁻⁴¹ zit̚⁴/

/kʰɔŋ²¹⁻⁵³ d͡zit̚¹²¹/

/kʰaŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ d͡zik̚⁴/

/kʰɑŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʐ̩⁵¹/

/kʰɔːŋ³³ jɐt̚²/

/kʰɔŋ¹¹⁻⁵³ lit̚⁴/

/kʰɔŋ²¹⁻⁵³ lit̚⁴/

/kʰɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ lit̚²⁴/

/kʰɔŋ²¹⁻⁴¹ zit̚⁴/

/kʰɔŋ²¹⁻⁵³ d͡zit̚¹²¹/

/kʰaŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ d͡zik̚⁴/

(China's) War of Resistance against Japan (1937-1945)

抗日戰爭

抗日战争

抗日民族統一戰線

抗日民族统一战线


哥斯拉

/kɤ⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ lä⁵⁵/

/kɔː⁵⁵ siː⁵⁵ laːi̯⁵⁵/

/kɤ⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ lä⁵⁵/

/kɔː⁵⁵ siː⁵⁵ laːi̯⁵⁵/


傲嬌

/ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵/

/ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵/

(originally ACG, neologism, especially of a girl) tsundere


傲嬌

/ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵/

/ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵/


經學

/t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ ɕy̯ɛ³⁵/

/kɪŋ⁵⁵ hɔːk̚²/

/t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ ɕy̯ɛ³⁵/

/kɪŋ⁵⁵ hɔːk̚²/


經學

/t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ ɕy̯ɛ³⁵/

/kɪŋ⁵⁵ hɔːk̚²/

/t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ ɕy̯ɛ³⁵/

/kɪŋ⁵⁵ hɔːk̚²/


經學家

ㄐㄧㄥ ㄒㄩㄝˊ ㄐㄧㄚ

/t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ ɕy̯ɛ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵/

/kɪŋ⁵⁵ hɔːk̚² kaː⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ ɕy̯ɛ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵/

/kɪŋ⁵⁵ hɔːk̚² kaː⁵⁵/


夏商周

/ɕi̯ä⁵¹ ʂɑŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/haː²² sœːŋ⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/ha²²⁻²¹ siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/ha³³⁻¹¹ siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/ha³³⁻²¹ siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/ha⁴¹⁻²² siɔŋ³³ t͡siu³³/

/hɛ²²⁻²¹ siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/ɕi̯ä⁵¹ ʂɑŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/haː²² sœːŋ⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/ha²²⁻²¹ siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/ha³³⁻¹¹ siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/ha³³⁻²¹ siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/ha⁴¹⁻²² siɔŋ³³ t͡siu³³/

/hɛ²²⁻²¹ siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/

the Xia (c. 2100 – c. 1600 BC), Shang (c. 1600–1046 BC) and Zhou dynasties (1046–256 BC)


秦漢

/t͡ɕʰin³⁵ xän⁵¹/

/t͡sʰɵn²¹ hɔːn³³/

/t͡ɕʰin³⁵ xän⁵¹/

/t͡sʰɵn²¹ hɔːn³³/

the Qin (221–206 BC) and Han dynasties (202 BC–AD 220)


兩漢

/li̯ɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ xän⁵¹/

/lœːŋ¹³ hɔːn³³/

/li̯ɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ xän⁵¹/

/lœːŋ¹³ hɔːn³³/

the Han dynasty, made up of the Western and Eastern Han (202 BC–AD 220)


兩晉

/li̯ɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕin⁵¹/

/lœːŋ¹³ t͡sɵn³³/

/li̯ɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕin⁵¹/

/lœːŋ¹³ t͡sɵn³³/

the Western Jin dynasty (265–316) and the Eastern Jin dynasty (317–420)


十六國

ㄕˊ ㄌㄧㄡˋ ㄍㄨㄛˊ

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ li̯oʊ̯⁵¹ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

/sɐp̚² lʊk̚² kʷɔːk̚³/

/sɛiʔ⁵⁻²¹ l̃øyʔ⁵⁻²¹ kuɔʔ²⁴/

/sip̚⁴⁻³² liɔk̚⁴⁻³² kɔk̚³²/

/sip̚²⁴⁻² liɔk̚²⁴⁻² kɔk̚⁵/

/sip̚¹²¹⁻²¹ liɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ kɔk̚³²/

/sip̚⁴⁻³² liɔk̚⁴⁻³² kɔk̚³²/

/sip̚⁴⁻³² liɔk̚⁴⁻³² kɔk̚³²/

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ li̯oʊ̯⁵¹ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

/sɐp̚² lʊk̚² kʷɔːk̚³/

/sɛiʔ⁵⁻²¹ l̃øyʔ⁵⁻²¹ kuɔʔ²⁴/

/sip̚⁴⁻³² liɔk̚⁴⁻³² kɔk̚³²/

/sip̚²⁴⁻² liɔk̚²⁴⁻² kɔk̚⁵/

/sip̚¹²¹⁻²¹ liɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ kɔk̚³²/

/sip̚⁴⁻³² liɔk̚⁴⁻³² kɔk̚³²/

/sip̚⁴⁻³² liɔk̚⁴⁻³² kɔk̚³²/


兩宋

/li̯ɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ sʊŋ⁵¹/

/lœːŋ¹³ sʊŋ³³/

/li̯ɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ sʊŋ⁵¹/

/lœːŋ¹³ sʊŋ³³/

the Song dynasty, made up of the Northern Song (960-1127) and the Southern Song (1128-1279)


宋元

/sʊŋ⁵¹ ɥɛn³⁵/

/sʊŋ³³ jyːn²¹/

/sʊŋ⁵¹ ɥɛn³⁵/

/sʊŋ³³ jyːn²¹/

the Song (960–1279) and Yuan dynasties (1271–1368)


遼金

/li̯ɑʊ̯³⁵ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/

/liːu̯²¹ kɐm⁵⁵/

/li̯ɑʊ̯³⁵ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/

/liːu̯²¹ kɐm⁵⁵/

the Liao (907-1125) and Jin (Jurchen) (1115-1234) dynasties


西夏

/ɕi⁵⁵ ɕi̯ä⁵¹/

/sɐi̯⁵⁵ haː²²/

/si²⁴⁻¹¹ ha⁵⁵/

/sɛ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ɑ²⁴²/

/se⁴⁴⁻²² ha²²/

/se⁴⁴⁻²² ha²²/

/se⁴⁴⁻³³ ha³³/

/se⁴⁴⁻³³ ha³³/

/ɕi⁵⁵ ɕi̯ä⁵¹/

/sɐi̯⁵⁵ haː²²/

/si²⁴⁻¹¹ ha⁵⁵/

/sɛ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ɑ²⁴²/

/se⁴⁴⁻²² ha²²/

/se⁴⁴⁻²² ha²²/

/se⁴⁴⁻³³ ha³³/

/se⁴⁴⁻³³ ha³³/

the Western Xia dynasty (1038–1227); the Tangut Empire


明清

/miŋ³⁵ t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵/

/mɪŋ²¹ t͡sʰɪŋ⁵⁵/

/miŋ³⁵ t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵/

/mɪŋ²¹ t͡sʰɪŋ⁵⁵/

the Ming (1368–1644) and Qing (1644–1911) dynasties


晚清

/wän²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵/

/maːn¹³ t͡sʰɪŋ⁵⁵/

/wän²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵/

/maːn¹³ t͡sʰɪŋ⁵⁵/


先秦

/ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰin³⁵/

/siːn⁵⁵ t͡sʰɵn²¹/

/ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰin³⁵/

/siːn⁵⁵ t͡sʰɵn²¹/

先秦時期

先秦时期


走火入魔

fire running wild and being possessed by a demon

ㄗㄡˇ ㄏㄨㄛˇ ㄖㄨˋ ㄇㄛˊ

/t͡soʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʐu⁵¹ mu̯ɔ³⁵/

/t͡sɐu̯³⁵ fɔː³⁵ jɐp̚² mɔː⁵⁵/

/t͡soʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʐu⁵¹ mu̯ɔ³⁵/

/t͡sɐu̯³⁵ fɔː³⁵ jɐp̚² mɔː⁵⁵/

(Taoism, qigong, etc.) to experience serious negative physiological and psychological changes resulting from the “improper” practice of qigong or other self-cultivation techniques; to develop meditation psychosis


茶餐廳

→ English: cha chaan teng

/ʈ͡ʂʰä³⁵ t͡sʰän⁵⁵ tʰiŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰaː²¹ t͡sʰaːn⁵⁵ tʰɛːŋ⁵⁵/

/zo²² t͡sʰø⁵⁵ tʰin²¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʰä³⁵ t͡sʰän⁵⁵ tʰiŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰaː²¹ t͡sʰaːn⁵⁵ tʰɛːŋ⁵⁵/

/zo²² t͡sʰø⁵⁵ tʰin²¹/

cha chaan teng (Hong Kong-style tea restaurant) (Classifier: 間／间 c)


康熙

/kʰɑŋ⁵⁵ ɕi⁵⁵/

/hɔːŋ⁵⁵ hei̯⁵⁵/

/kʰoŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ hi²⁴/

/kʰoŋ⁵³ hi⁵³/

/kʰɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² hi⁴⁴/

/kʰɔŋ³³ hi³³/

/kʰɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² hi⁴⁴/

/kʰɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ hi⁴⁴/

/kʰɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ hi⁴⁴/

/kʰaŋ³³⁻²³ hi³³/

/kʰɑ̃⁵⁵ ɕi²¹/

/kʰɑŋ⁵⁵ ɕi⁵⁵/

/hɔːŋ⁵⁵ hei̯⁵⁵/

/kʰoŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ hi²⁴/

/kʰoŋ⁵³ hi⁵³/

/kʰɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² hi⁴⁴/

/kʰɔŋ³³ hi³³/

/kʰɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² hi⁴⁴/

/kʰɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ hi⁴⁴/

/kʰɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ hi⁴⁴/

/kʰaŋ³³⁻²³ hi³³/

/kʰɑ̃⁵⁵ ɕi²¹/

See also Manchu ᡝᠯᡥᡝ
ᡨᠠᡳᡶᡳᠨ (elhe taifin).

the Kangxi era (a Chinese era name; the era of that emperor's reign, from 1662 to 1722)


塵世

Sino-Xenic (塵世):
* → Japanese: 塵世(じんせい) (jinsei)
* → Vietnamese: trần thế (塵世)

/ʈ͡ʂʰən³⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/t͡sʰɐn²¹ sɐi̯³³/

/t͡sʰɨn¹¹ sɨ⁵⁵/

/tin²³⁻³³ se²¹/

/tin²⁴⁻²² se⁴¹/

/tin²⁴⁻²² se²¹/

/tin²⁴⁻¹¹ se¹¹/

/tin¹³⁻²² si²¹/

/zən²² sz̩⁴⁴/

/ʈ͡ʂʰən³⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/t͡sʰɐn²¹ sɐi̯³³/

/t͡sʰɨn¹¹ sɨ⁵⁵/

/tin²³⁻³³ se²¹/

/tin²⁴⁻²² se⁴¹/

/tin²⁴⁻²² se²¹/

/tin²⁴⁻¹¹ se¹¹/

/tin¹³⁻²² si²¹/

/zən²² sz̩⁴⁴/

(Buddhism, Taoism) the human world; the world of mortals


百年國恥

ㄅㄞˇ ㄋㄧㄢˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ ㄔˇ

байнянь гочи

/paɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ni̯ɛn³⁵ ku̯ɔ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/paːk̚³ niːn²¹ kʷɔːk̚³ t͡sʰiː³⁵/

/paːk̚³ niːn²¹ kʷɔːk̚³ t͡sʰiː³⁵/

Century of Humiliation
century of humiliation

People's Republic of China
People's Republic of China#English

(historical) the Century of Humiliation (period of Chinese history between 1839 and 1949 during which Western powers and Japan intervened with China; 1839 refers to the First Opium War, and 1949 refers to the establishment of the People's Republic of China)


道家思想

ㄉㄠˋ ㄐㄧㄚ ㄙ ㄒㄧㄤˇ

даоцзя сысян

/tɑʊ̯⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tou̯²² kaː⁵⁵ siː⁵⁵ sœːŋ³⁵/

/tɑʊ̯⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tou̯²² kaː⁵⁵ siː⁵⁵ sœːŋ³⁵/


堯舜

/jɑʊ̯³⁵ ʂu̯ən⁵¹/

/jiːu̯²¹ sɵn³³/

/ŋieu⁵³⁻²¹ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾louŋ²¹³/

/ɡiau²⁴⁻²² sun²¹/

/ɡiau²⁴⁻²² sun⁴¹/

/ɡiau¹³⁻²² sun²¹/

/ɡiau²⁴⁻¹¹ sun¹¹/

/ɡiau²³⁻³³ sun²¹/

/jɑʊ̯³⁵ ʂu̯ən⁵¹/

/jiːu̯²¹ sɵn³³/

/ŋieu⁵³⁻²¹ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾louŋ²¹³/

/ɡiau²⁴⁻²² sun²¹/

/ɡiau²⁴⁻²² sun⁴¹/

/ɡiau¹³⁻²² sun²¹/

/ɡiau²⁴⁻¹¹ sun¹¹/

/ɡiau²³⁻³³ sun²¹/

(Chinese mythology) Emperors Yao and Shun (legendary rulers of ancient China)


破四舊

/pʰu̯ɔ⁵¹⁻⁵³ sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵¹/

/pʰɔː³³ sei̯³³ kɐu̯²²/

/pʰu̯ɔ⁵¹⁻⁵³ sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵¹/

/pʰɔː³³ sei̯³³ kɐu̯²²/


儒術

/jyː²¹ sɵt̚²/

/jyː²¹ sɵt̚²/

to ban the Hundred Schools of Thought and only revere Confucianism

罷黜百家獨尊儒術

罢黜百家独尊儒术


副主席

/fu⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi³⁵/

/fou²⁴ ʈ͡ʂu⁵¹ ɕi²⁴/

/fuː³³ t͡syː³⁵ t͡sɪk̚²/

/hu²¹⁻⁵³ t͡su⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siɪk̚⁴/

/hu²¹⁻⁵³ t͡su⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siɪk̚¹²¹/

/hu¹¹⁻⁵³ t͡su⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siɪk̚⁴/

/hu²¹⁻⁴¹ t͡su⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ siɪk̚⁴/

/hu⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ t͡su⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ sit̚²⁴/

/fu⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi³⁵/

/fou²⁴ ʈ͡ʂu⁵¹ ɕi²⁴/

/fuː³³ t͡syː³⁵ t͡sɪk̚²/

/hu²¹⁻⁵³ t͡su⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siɪk̚⁴/

/hu²¹⁻⁵³ t͡su⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siɪk̚¹²¹/

/hu¹¹⁻⁵³ t͡su⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siɪk̚⁴/

/hu²¹⁻⁴¹ t͡su⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ siɪk̚⁴/

/hu⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ t͡su⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ sit̚²⁴/

vice president (of the People's Republic of China)


羅剎

Sino-Xenic (羅剎):
* → Japanese: 羅(ら)刹(せつ) (rasetsu)
* → Korean: 나찰(羅刹) (nachal)
* → Vietnamese: La Sát (羅剎)

/lu̯ɔ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰä⁵¹/

/lɔː²¹ t͡sʰaːt̚³/

/lu̯ɔ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰä⁵¹/

/lɔː²¹ t͡sʰaːt̚³/

Borrowed from Sanskrit राक्षस (rākṣasa).

(Hindu mythology, Hinduism, Buddhism) rakshasa


牛頭

Sino-Xenic (牛頭):
* → Japanese: 牛頭(ごず) (Gozu)

/ni̯oʊ̯³⁵ tʰoʊ̯³⁵/

/ŋɐu̯²¹ tʰɐu̯²¹/

/ŋi̯u¹¹ tʰeu̯¹¹/

/ɡu²⁴⁻²² tʰau²⁴/

/ɡu²⁴⁻²² tʰau²⁴/

/ɡu¹³⁻²² tʰau¹³/

/ɡu²⁴⁻¹¹ tʰau²⁴/

/ɡu²³⁻³³ tʰau²³/

/ni̯oʊ̯³⁵ tʰoʊ̯³⁵/

/ŋɐu̯²¹ tʰɐu̯²¹/

/ŋi̯u¹¹ tʰeu̯¹¹/

/ɡu²⁴⁻²² tʰau²⁴/

/ɡu²⁴⁻²² tʰau²⁴/

/ɡu¹³⁻²² tʰau¹³/

/ɡu²⁴⁻¹¹ tʰau²⁴/

/ɡu²³⁻³³ tʰau²³/

(Buddhism, Taoism, Chinese mythology, Japanese mythology) Ox-Head, one of the two guardians of hell


夏朝

/ɕi̯ä⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯³⁵/

/haː²² t͡sʰiːu̯²¹/

/ha²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾lieu⁵³/

/hɛ²²⁻²¹ tiau¹³/

/ɕi̯ä⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯³⁵/

/haː²² t͡sʰiːu̯²¹/

/ha²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾lieu⁵³/

/hɛ²²⁻²¹ tiau¹³/


商朝

/ʂɑŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯³⁵/

/sœːŋ⁵⁵ t͡sʰiːu̯²¹/

/soŋ²⁴ t͡sʰeu̯¹¹/

/suoŋ⁵⁵ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾nieu⁵³/

/siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tiau²⁴/

/siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tiau²⁴/

/siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tiau²³/

/siaŋ³³⁻²³ t͡sʰiou⁵⁵/

/ʂɑŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯³⁵/

/sœːŋ⁵⁵ t͡sʰiːu̯²¹/

/soŋ²⁴ t͡sʰeu̯¹¹/

/suoŋ⁵⁵ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾nieu⁵³/

/siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tiau²⁴/

/siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tiau²⁴/

/siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tiau²³/

/siaŋ³³⁻²³ t͡sʰiou⁵⁵/


遼朝

/li̯ɑʊ̯³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯³⁵/

/liːu̯²¹ t͡sʰiːu̯²¹/

/l̃ieu⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾lieu⁵³/

/li̯ɑʊ̯³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯³⁵/

/liːu̯²¹ t͡sʰiːu̯²¹/

/l̃ieu⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾lieu⁵³/


晉朝

/t͡ɕin⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯³⁵/

/t͡sɵn³³ t͡sʰiːu̯²¹/

/t͡siŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾nieu⁵³/

/t͡siŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ t͡sʰiou⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕin⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯³⁵/

/t͡sɵn³³ t͡sʰiːu̯²¹/

/t͡siŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾nieu⁵³/

/t͡siŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ t͡sʰiou⁵⁵/

Cao Wei
Chen dynasty
Eastern Han dynasty
Eastern Wei
Eastern Wu
Eastern Zhou dynasty
Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms
Han dynasty
Jin dynasty (1115–1234)
Jin dynasty (265–420)
Jurchen dynasty
Liang dynasty
Liao dynasty
Liu Song dynasty
Ming dynasty
Northern Qi
Northern Wei
Northern Zhou
Northern and Southern dynasties
Qin dynasty
Qing dynasty
Shang dynasty
Shu Han
Song dynasty
Southern Qi
Southern and Northern dynasties
Spring and Autumn period
Sui dynasty
Tang dynasty
Three Kingdoms
Warring States period
Western Han dynasty
Western Liao
Western Wei
Western Xia
Western Zhou dynasty
Xia dynasty
Xin dynasty
Yuan dynasty
Zhou dynasty


隋朝

/su̯eɪ̯³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯³⁵/

/t͡sʰɵy̯²¹ t͡sʰiːu̯²¹/

/sui⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾lieu⁵³/

/su̯eɪ̯³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯³⁵/

/t͡sʰɵy̯²¹ t͡sʰiːu̯²¹/

/sui⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾lieu⁵³/


女媧

/ny²¹⁴⁻²¹ wä⁵⁵/

/nɵy̯¹³ wɔː⁵⁵/

/lu⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ɤ⁴⁴/

/lu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ o⁴⁴/

/li⁵³⁻⁴⁴ o⁴⁴/

/lɯ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ ɔ³³/

/lu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ua⁴⁴/

/lu⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ua⁴⁴/

/li⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ua⁴⁴/

/li⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ua⁴⁴/

/lɯ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ ua³³/

/lɯ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kua³³/

/li⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kua⁴⁴/

/li⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kua⁴⁴/

/lu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kua⁴⁴/

/lu⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kua⁴⁴/

/ny²¹⁴⁻²¹ wä⁵⁵/

/nɵy̯¹³ wɔː⁵⁵/

/lu⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ɤ⁴⁴/

/lu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ o⁴⁴/

/li⁵³⁻⁴⁴ o⁴⁴/

/lɯ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ ɔ³³/

/lu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ua⁴⁴/

/lu⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ua⁴⁴/

/li⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ua⁴⁴/

/li⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ua⁴⁴/

/lɯ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ ua³³/

/lɯ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kua³³/

/li⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kua⁴⁴/

/li⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kua⁴⁴/

/lu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kua⁴⁴/

/lu⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kua⁴⁴/

(Chinese mythology) Nüwa, the goddess who repaired heaven and created mankind


詩經

Sino-Xenic (詩經):
* → Japanese: 詩(し)経(きょう) (shikyō)
* → Korean: 시경(詩經) (sigyeong)

→ Vietnamese: Kinh Thi (經詩) (calque)

/ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵/

/siː⁵⁵ kɪŋ⁵⁵/

/sɨ²⁴⁻¹¹ kin²⁴/

/si⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾iŋ⁵⁵/

/si⁴⁴⁻²² kiɪŋ⁴⁴/

/si³³ kiɪŋ³³/

/si⁴⁴⁻²² kiɪŋ⁴⁴/

/si⁴⁴⁻³³ kiɪŋ⁴⁴/

/si⁴⁴⁻³³ kiɪŋ⁴⁴/

/sz̩⁵⁵ t͡ɕin²¹/

/ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵/

/siː⁵⁵ kɪŋ⁵⁵/

/sɨ²⁴⁻¹¹ kin²⁴/

/si⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾iŋ⁵⁵/

/si⁴⁴⁻²² kiɪŋ⁴⁴/

/si³³ kiɪŋ³³/

/si⁴⁴⁻²² kiɪŋ⁴⁴/

/si⁴⁴⁻³³ kiɪŋ⁴⁴/

/si⁴⁴⁻³³ kiɪŋ⁴⁴/

/sz̩⁵⁵ t͡ɕin²¹/

Classic of Poetry (the oldest existing collection of Chinese poetry)


仙桃

/ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵ tʰɑʊ̯³⁵/

/siɛn⁴⁴⁻²² tʰo²⁴/

/siɛn⁴⁴⁻²² tʰo¹³/

/siɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰo²⁴/

/siɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰɤ²³/

/sieŋ³⁵⁻³³ tʰɔ²²/

/ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵ tʰɑʊ̯³⁵/

/siɛn⁴⁴⁻²² tʰo²⁴/

/siɛn⁴⁴⁻²² tʰo¹³/

/siɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰo²⁴/

/siɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰɤ²³/

/sieŋ³⁵⁻³³ tʰɔ²²/

(Chinese mythology) peach of immortality


導引

/tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ in²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ in²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


不周

/pu⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/pɐt̚⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/pu⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/pɐt̚⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/


廣寒宮

ㄍㄨㄤˇ ㄏㄢˊ ㄍㄨㄥ

/ku̯ɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ xän³⁵ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

/kʷɔːŋ³⁵ hɔːn²¹ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

/ku̯ɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ xän³⁵ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

/kʷɔːŋ³⁵ hɔːn²¹ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

(Chinese mythology) "Guanghan Palace" (the moon palace)


神農

Sino-Xenic (神農):
* → Japanese: 神(しん)農(のう) (Shinnō)
* → Korean: 신농(神農) (Sinnong)
* → Vietnamese: Thần Nông (神農)

/ʂən³⁵ nʊŋ³⁵/

/sɐn²¹ nʊŋ²¹/

/sɨn¹¹ nuŋ¹¹/

/sin²⁴⁻²² lɔŋ²⁴/

/sin²⁴⁻²² lɔŋ²⁴/

/sin¹³⁻²² lɔŋ¹³/

/sin²⁴⁻¹¹ lɔŋ²⁴/

/sin²³⁻³³ lɔŋ²³/

/ʂən³⁵ nʊŋ³⁵/

/sɐn²¹ nʊŋ²¹/

/sɨn¹¹ nuŋ¹¹/

/sin²⁴⁻²² lɔŋ²⁴/

/sin²⁴⁻²² lɔŋ²⁴/

/sin¹³⁻²² lɔŋ¹³/

/sin²⁴⁻¹¹ lɔŋ²⁴/

/sin²³⁻³³ lɔŋ²³/


蟠桃

/pʰän³⁵ tʰɑʊ̯³⁵/

/pʰuːn²¹ tʰou̯²¹/

/pʰuan²⁴⁻²² tʰo²⁴/

/pʰuan²⁴⁻²² tʰo²⁴/

/pʰuan¹³⁻²² tʰo¹³/

/pʰuan²⁴⁻¹¹ tʰo²⁴/

/pʰuan²³⁻³³ tʰɤ²³/

/pʰän³⁵ tʰɑʊ̯³⁵/

/pʰuːn²¹ tʰou̯²¹/

/pʰuan²⁴⁻²² tʰo²⁴/

/pʰuan²⁴⁻²² tʰo²⁴/

/pʰuan¹³⁻²² tʰo¹³/

/pʰuan²⁴⁻¹¹ tʰo²⁴/

/pʰuan²³⁻³³ tʰɤ²³/

peach of immortality
peach of immortality


制水

/t͡sɐi̯³³ sɵy̯³⁵/

/t͡sɐi̯³³ sɵy̯³⁵/

乾炒牛河 乾炒牛河#Chinese

干炒牛河 干炒牛河#Chinese

(Cantonese, restaurant jargon) Alternative name for 乾炒牛河／干炒牛河 (gānchǎo niúhé, “beef chow fun”).


若木

/ʐu̯ɔ⁵¹⁻⁵³ mu⁵¹/

/ʐu̯ɔ⁵¹⁻⁵³ mu⁵¹/

The Ruo Tree is located west of the Jian Tree. On its branches are ten suns; its blossoms cast light upon the earth.

Ruòmù zài jiànmù xī, mò yǒu shí rì, qí huá zhào xià dì.

若木在建木西，末有十日，其華照下地。

若木在建木西，末有十日，其华照下地。

(Chinese mythology, archaic) trees growing where the sun sets


企檯

/kʰei̯¹³ tʰɔːi̯²¹⁻³⁵/

/kʰei̯¹³ tʰɔːi̯²¹⁻³⁵/

(Cantonese) to wait on tables; to perform the duties of a server


康國

/kʰɑŋ⁵⁵ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

/hɔːŋ⁵⁵ kʷɔːk̚³/

/kʰɑŋ⁵⁵ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

/hɔːŋ⁵⁵ kʷɔːk̚³/

(historical) Kangguo (era name of Yelü Dashi from 1134 to 1143)


贔屭

/pi⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi⁵¹/

/pei̯²² ɐi̯³³/

/pi²²⁻²¹ hi⁵³/

/pi⁴¹⁻²² hi⁵⁵⁴/

/pi²²⁻²¹ hi⁵³/

/pi³³⁻¹¹ hi⁵³/

/pi³³⁻²¹ hi⁴¹/

/pi³⁵⁻¹¹ hi²¹³/

/pi⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi⁵¹/

/pei̯²² ɐi̯³³/

/pi²²⁻²¹ hi⁵³/

/pi⁴¹⁻²² hi⁵⁵⁴/

/pi²²⁻²¹ hi⁵³/

/pi³³⁻¹¹ hi⁵³/

/pi³³⁻²¹ hi⁴¹/

/pi³⁵⁻¹¹ hi²¹³/

霸下

"sons of the dragon", creatures found in decorations

(Chinese mythology) bixi (a mythological turtlelike animal)

creature that is said to like carrying heavy weights, whose statue is seen under steles

(uncommon) creature that is said to like literature, whose statue is seen on the sides of the steles


文廟

Sino-Xenic (文廟):
* → Vietnamese: văn miếu (文廟)

/wən³⁵ mi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/bun²³⁻³³ biɤ³³/

/wən³⁵ mi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/bun²³⁻³³ biɤ³³/

From 文帝 (Wén Dì, “God of Literature, Culture, etc.”) as a Taoist god or epithet of Confucius.

zh-l

(religion) Confucian temple; temple honoring Confucius and housing schools and testing facilities


孔廟

/kʰʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ mi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/kʰoŋ⁵²⁻³⁵ bio¹¹/

/kʰʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ mi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/kʰoŋ⁵²⁻³⁵ bio¹¹/

From Confucius's surname Kong (孔 (kǒng)).

北京孔廟

北京孔庙


夫子廟

/fu⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ mi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/fu⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ mi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/


學廟

/ɕy̯ɛ³⁵ mi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/ɕy̯ɛ³⁵ mi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/


聖廟

/ʂɤŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ mi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/sɪŋ³³ miːu̯²²/

/siɪŋ²¹⁻⁵³ bio²²/

/siɪŋ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ bio⁴¹/

/siɪŋ²¹⁻⁵³ bio²²/

/siɪŋ¹¹⁻⁵³ bio³³/

/siɪŋ²¹⁻⁴¹ biɤ³³/

/ʂɤŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ mi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/sɪŋ³³ miːu̯²²/

/siɪŋ²¹⁻⁵³ bio²²/

/siɪŋ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ bio⁴¹/

/siɪŋ²¹⁻⁵³ bio²²/

/siɪŋ¹¹⁻⁵³ bio³³/

/siɪŋ²¹⁻⁴¹ biɤ³³/