年菜

/ni̯ɛn³⁵ t͡sʰaɪ̯⁵¹/

/nĩ²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰai²¹/

/nĩ²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰai⁴¹/

/nĩ¹³⁻²² t͡sʰai²¹/

/nĩ²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sʰai¹¹/

/nĩ²³⁻³³ t͡sʰai²¹/

/ni̯ɛn³⁵ t͡sʰaɪ̯⁵¹/

/nĩ²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰai²¹/

/nĩ²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰai⁴¹/

/nĩ¹³⁻²² t͡sʰai²¹/

/nĩ²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sʰai¹¹/

/nĩ²³⁻³³ t͡sʰai²¹/

sumptuous food and dishes prepared for the Lunar New Year


比年

/pi²¹⁴⁻²¹ ni̯ɛn³⁵/

/pi²¹⁴⁻²¹ ni̯ɛn³⁵/


比歲

/pi²¹⁴⁻²¹ su̯eɪ̯⁵¹/

/pi²¹⁴⁻²¹ su̯eɪ̯⁵¹/


此一時，彼一時

/t͡sʰz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ i⁵⁵⁻⁵¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵ pi²¹⁴⁻²¹ i⁵⁵⁻⁵¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/t͡sʰiː³⁵ jɐt̚⁵ siː²¹ pei̯³⁵ jɐt̚⁵ siː²¹/

that was then, this is now
that was then, this is now


黃髮兒齒

ㄏㄨㄤˊ ㄈㄚˋ ㄦˊ ㄔˇ

ㄏㄨㄤˊ ㄈㄚˇ ㄦˊ ㄔˇ

/xu̯ɑŋ³⁵ fä⁵¹ ˀɤɻ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/xu̯ɑŋ³⁵ fä²¹⁴⁻²¹ ˀɤɻ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/xu̯ɑŋ³⁵ fä⁵¹ ˀɤɻ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

With his excellent ministers and all his [other] officers.
Our region and State shall he hold,
Thus receiving many blessings,
To hoary hair, and with teeth ever renewed like a child's.

The Classic of Poetry, c. 11ᵗʰ – 7ᵗʰ centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

Yí dàfū shù shì, bāngguó shì yǒu. Jì duō shòu zhǐ, huángfà'érchǐ.

宜大夫庶士、邦國是有。既多受祉、黃髮兒齒。

宜大夫庶士、邦国是有。既多受祉、黄发儿齿。


駘背

/tʰaɪ̯³⁵ peɪ̯⁵¹/

/tʰaɪ̯³⁵ peɪ̯⁵¹/

(literary) to be hunchbacked because of old age


鮐背

/tʰaɪ̯³⁵ peɪ̯⁵¹/

/tʰaɪ̯³⁵ peɪ̯⁵¹/

(literary) to have spots on one's back (a sign of old age)


黃髮鮐背

黄发鲐背
黃髮駘背
黃髮台背

ㄏㄨㄤˊ ㄈㄚˋ ㄊㄞˊ ㄅㄟˋ

ㄏㄨㄤˊ ㄈㄚˇ ㄊㄞˊ ㄅㄟˋ

хуанфатайбэй

/xu̯ɑŋ³⁵ fä⁵¹ tʰaɪ̯³⁵ peɪ̯⁵¹/

/xu̯ɑŋ³⁵ fä²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰaɪ̯³⁵ peɪ̯⁵¹/

/xu̯ɑŋ³⁵ fä⁵¹ tʰaɪ̯³⁵ peɪ̯⁵¹/

/xu̯ɑŋ³⁵ fä²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰaɪ̯³⁵ peɪ̯⁵¹/


壁鐘

/pi⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵/

/pia(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴/

/pia(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴/

/pia(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴/

/pia(ʔ)³²⁻⁴¹ t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴/

/pi⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵/

/pia(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴/

/pia(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴/

/pia(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴/

/pia(ʔ)³²⁻⁴¹ t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴/


邊緣青年

ㄅㄧㄢ ㄩㄢˊ ㄑㄧㄥ ㄋㄧㄢˊ

бяньюань циннянь

/pi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ɥɛn³⁵ t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵ ni̯ɛn³⁵/

/piːn⁵⁵ jyːn²¹ t͡sʰɪŋ⁵⁵ niːn²¹/

/pi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ɥɛn³⁵ t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵ ni̯ɛn³⁵/

/piːn⁵⁵ jyːn²¹ t͡sʰɪŋ⁵⁵ niːn²¹/


永曆

/jʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ li⁵¹/

/wɪŋ¹³ lɪk̚²/

/jʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ li⁵¹/

/wɪŋ¹³ lɪk̚²/

the Yongli era (a Chinese era name; the era of that emperor's reign, from 1647 to 1662)


嘉靖

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵¹/

/kaː⁵⁵ t͡sɪŋ²²/

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵¹/

/kaː⁵⁵ t͡sɪŋ²²/

the Jiajing era (a Chinese era name; the era of that emperor's reign, from 1522 to 1566)


迅間

/ɕyn⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/ɕyn⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵/


歲朝

/su̯eɪ̯⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂɑʊ̯⁵⁵/

/su̯eɪ̯⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂɑʊ̯⁵⁵/

(specifically) first day of the Chinese New Year

first day of a lunar month
first day of the Chinese New Year


陰陽曆

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (陰陽曆):
* → Korean: 음양력(陰陽曆) (eumyangnyeok)
* → Vietnamese: âm dương lịch (陰陽曆)

/in⁵⁵ jɑŋ³⁵ li⁵¹/

/in⁵⁵ jɑŋ³⁵ li⁵¹/


標準時區

ㄅㄧㄠ ㄓㄨㄣˇ ㄕˊ ㄑㄩ

бяочжунь шицюй

/pi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂu̯ən²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵ t͡ɕʰy⁵⁵/

/pi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂu̯ən²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵ t͡ɕʰy⁵⁵/


年花

/ni̯ɛn³⁵ xu̯ä⁵⁵/

/ni̯ɛn³⁵ xu̯ä⁵⁵/

(Guangdong, Hong Kong, Macau) flowers for decoration during Chinese New Year


明仔早起

/bin²⁴⁻³³ a⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sa⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kʰi⁵³/

/bin²³⁻³³ a⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡sa⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kʰi⁴¹/

/miã²³⁻³³ a⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡sa⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kʰi⁴¹/

/miã²⁴⁻³³ a⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sa⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kʰi⁵³/

/bin²⁴⁻³³ a⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kʰi⁵³/

/bin²³⁻³³ a⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡sai⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kʰi⁴¹/

/bin²⁴⁻³³ a⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sa⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kʰi⁵³/

/bin²³⁻³³ a⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡sa⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kʰi⁴¹/

/miã²³⁻³³ a⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡sa⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kʰi⁴¹/

/miã²⁴⁻³³ a⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sa⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kʰi⁵³/

/bin²⁴⁻³³ a⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kʰi⁵³/

/bin²³⁻³³ a⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡sai⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kʰi⁴¹/


時至今日

ㄕˊ ㄓˋ ㄐㄧㄣ ㄖˋ

шичжицзиньжи

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹ t͡ɕin⁵⁵ ʐ̩⁵¹/

/siː²¹ t͡siː³³ kɐm⁵⁵ jɐt̚²/

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹ t͡ɕin⁵⁵ ʐ̩⁵¹/

/siː²¹ t͡siː³³ kɐm⁵⁵ jɐt̚²/


超期

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/


倒福

/tɑʊ̯⁵¹ fu³⁵/

/tɑʊ̯⁵¹ fu³⁵/

upside-down 福 (fú) character within a diamond, a traditional Chinese New Year decoration


花開富貴

ㄏㄨㄚ ㄎㄞ ㄈㄨˋ ㄍㄨㄟˋ

/xu̯ä⁵⁵ kʰaɪ̯⁵⁵ fu⁵¹⁻⁵³ ku̯eɪ̯⁵¹/

/faː⁵⁵ hɔːi̯⁵⁵ fuː³³ kʷɐi̯³³/

/xu̯ä⁵⁵ kʰaɪ̯⁵⁵ fu⁵¹⁻⁵³ ku̯eɪ̯⁵¹/

/faː⁵⁵ hɔːi̯⁵⁵ fuː³³ kʷɐi̯³³/

Chinese New Year
Chinese New Year#English

a Chinese New Year greeting used to wish for wealth and prosperity upon the listener


稚齡

/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹ liŋ³⁵/

/ti²²⁻²¹ liɪŋ²⁴/

/ti⁴¹⁻²² liɪŋ²⁴/

/ti²²⁻²¹ liɪŋ¹³/

/ti³³⁻¹¹ liɪŋ²⁴/

/ti³³⁻²¹ liɪŋ²³/

/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹ liŋ³⁵/

/ti²²⁻²¹ liɪŋ²⁴/

/ti⁴¹⁻²² liɪŋ²⁴/

/ti²²⁻²¹ liɪŋ¹³/

/ti³³⁻¹¹ liɪŋ²⁴/

/ti³³⁻²¹ liɪŋ²³/


孩時

/xaɪ̯³⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/xaɪ̯³⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/


冰雪運動

ㄅㄧㄥ ㄒㄩㄝˇ ㄩㄣˋ ㄉㄨㄥˋ

бинсюэ юньдун

/piŋ⁵⁵ ɕy̯ɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹ yn⁵¹⁻⁵³ tʊŋ⁵¹/

/piŋ⁵⁵ ɕy̯ɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹ yn⁵¹⁻⁵³ tʊŋ⁵¹/


昔年

/ɕi⁵⁵ ni̯ɛn³⁵/

/ɕi³⁵ ni̯ɛn³⁵/

/t͡sa⁵²⁻³⁵ ni⁵⁵/

/ɕi⁵⁵ ni̯ɛn³⁵/

/ɕi³⁵ ni̯ɛn³⁵/

/t͡sa⁵²⁻³⁵ ni⁵⁵/


冰川期

/piŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵/

/piŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/pɪŋ⁵⁵ t͡sʰyːn⁵⁵ kʰei̯²¹/

/piŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵/

/piŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/pɪŋ⁵⁵ t͡sʰyːn⁵⁵ kʰei̯²¹/

ice age (period of extensive glaciation); glacial period


天長節

→ Japanese: 天長節

ㄊㄧㄢ ㄔㄤˊ ㄐㄧㄝˊ

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵/

/tʰiːn⁵⁵ t͡sʰœːŋ²¹ t͡siːt̚³/

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵/

/tʰiːn⁵⁵ t͡sʰœːŋ²¹ t͡siːt̚³/

天長 /天长 is short for 天長地久／天长地久 (tiānchángdìjiǔ).

(historical) a festival which was originally Emperor Xuanzong of Tang's birthday and was later merged with Mid-Autumn Festival.


第時

/tɐi̯²² siː²¹/

/tɐi̯²² siː²¹⁻³⁵/

/tɐi̯²² siː²¹/

/tɐi̯²² siː²¹⁻³⁵/


塞豆窿

/sɐk̚⁵ tɐu̯²² lʊŋ²¹⁻⁵⁵/

/sɐk̚⁵ tɐu̯²² lʊŋ²¹⁻⁵⁵/


得年

/tɤ³⁵ ni̯ɛn³⁵/

/tɤ³⁵ ni̯ɛn³⁵/

age at death, referring to one who passed away below one's thirties


巫童

/u⁵⁵ tʰʊŋ³⁵/

/u⁵⁵ tʰʊŋ³⁵/


雪珠

/ɕy̯ɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵/

/ɕy̯ɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂuɻʷ⁵⁵/

/ɕiɪʔ³³ t͡sz̩⁴⁴/

/ɕy̯ɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵/

/ɕy̯ɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂuɻʷ⁵⁵/

/ɕiɪʔ³³ t͡sz̩⁴⁴/

(Guangzhou Cantonese, Huicheng dialect, weather) hail; hailstone


時間點

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ti̯ɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ti̯ɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


頻密

/pʰɐn²¹ mɐt̚²/

/pʰɐn²¹ mɐt̚²/


共戴

/kʊŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ taɪ̯⁵¹/

/kʊŋ²² taːi̯³³/

/kʊŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ taɪ̯⁵¹/

/kʊŋ²² taːi̯³³/

Bogd Khanate of Mongolia
w:Bogd Khanate of Mongolia

the Gongdai era (a Chinese era name; the era of Bogd Khan as khagan of the Bogd Khanate of Mongolia, from 1911 to 1915, and then as restored from 1921 to 1924)


通治

/tʰʊŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/tʰʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡siː²²/

/tʰʊŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/tʰʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡siː²²/

the Tongzhi era (a Chinese era name; the era proclaimed by Chadu, a rebel who captured Chengdu and attempted to install himself as the emperor of a vassal state under the suzerainty of the Qing dynasty in 1917)


洪憲

/xʊŋ³⁵ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/hʊŋ²¹ hiːn³³/

/xʊŋ³⁵ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/hʊŋ²¹ hiːn³³/

(～帝) the Hongxian Emperor, also known as Yuan Shikai; the only emperor of the short-lived Empire of China, which lasted from December 1915 until March 1916

the Hongxian era (a Chinese era name; the era of that emperor's reign)


東武

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ u²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ mou̯¹³/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ u²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ mou̯¹³/

the Dongwu era (a Chinese era name; the era of Zhu Changqing as regent of the Southern Ming, in 1648)


定武

/tiŋ⁵¹ u²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tɪŋ²² mou̯¹³/

/tiŋ⁵¹ u²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tɪŋ²² mou̯¹³/

the Dingwu era (a Chinese era name; the supposed era of that emperor's reign, claimed to be from 1646 to 1663)


紹武

/ʂɑʊ̯⁵¹ u²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʂɑʊ̯⁵¹ u²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

the Shaowu era (the intended Chinese era name of that emperor, which never officially began due to the death of the emperor before the intended date of introduction)


監國

/t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

/kaːm⁵⁵ kʷɔːk̚³/

/t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

/t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

/kaːm⁵⁵ kʷɔːk̚³/

(historical) the Jianguo era (a Chinese era name; the era of Zhu Yihai as regent of the Southern Ming, from 1646 to 1653)


隆武

/lʊŋ³⁵ u²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lʊŋ²¹ mou̯¹³/

/lʊŋ³⁵ u²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lʊŋ²¹ mou̯¹³/

the Longwu era (a Chinese era name; the era of that emperor's reign, from 1645 to 1646)


天啟

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʰiːn⁵⁵ kʰɐi̯³⁵/

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʰiːn⁵⁵ kʰɐi̯³⁵/

The era proclaimed by Yuan Faseng of Northern Wei, a rebel who declared himself emperor, in 525.

The era proclaimed by Xiao Zhuang of Liang, a claimant to the Southern dynasties throne, from 558 to 560.

The second era of King Zhaocheng of Nanzhao, from 840 to 859.

The third era of Xu Shouhui as emperor of Tianwan, from approximately 1356 to 1359.

The first era of Ming Yuzhen as emperor of Ming Xia, from 1361 to 1362.

The era of the Tianqi Emperor's reign, from 1621 to 1627.


隆慶

/lʊŋ³⁵ t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵¹/

/lʊŋ²¹ hɪŋ³³/

/lʊŋ³⁵ t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵¹/

/lʊŋ²¹ hɪŋ³³/

the Longqing era (a Chinese era name; the era of that emperor's reign, from 1567 to 1572)


弘治

/xʊŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/wɐŋ²¹ t͡siː²²/

/xʊŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/wɐŋ²¹ t͡siː²²/

the Hongzhi era (a Chinese era name; the era of that emperor's reign, from 1488 to 1505)


成化

/ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹/

/sɪŋ²¹ faː³³/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹/

/sɪŋ²¹ faː³³/

the Chenghua era (a Chinese era name; the era of that emperor's reign, from 1465 to 1487)


天順

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ʂu̯ən⁵¹/

/tʰiːn⁵⁵ sɵn²²/

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ʂu̯ən⁵¹/

/tʰiːn⁵⁵ sɵn²²/

Emperor Yingzong
w:Emperor Yingzong of Ming

the Tianshun era (a Chinese era name; the era of the second reign of Emperor Yingzong of Ming, from 1457 to 1464)


建文

/t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹ wən³⁵/

/t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹ wən³⁵/

the Jianwen era (a Chinese era name; the era of that emperor's reign, from 1399 to 1402)


開熙

/kʰaɪ̯⁵⁵ ɕi⁵⁵/

/hɔːi̯⁵⁵ hei̯⁵⁵/

/kʰaɪ̯⁵⁵ ɕi⁵⁵/

/hɔːi̯⁵⁵ hei̯⁵⁵/

the Kaixi era (a Chinese era name; the era of Ming Sheng as emperor of Ming Xia, from 1367 to 1371)


天統

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ tʰʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʰiːn⁵⁵ tʰʊŋ³⁵/

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ tʰʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʰiːn⁵⁵ tʰʊŋ³⁵/

the Tiantong era (a Chinese era name; the second era of Ming Yuzhen as emperor of Ming Xia, from 1363 to 1366)


德壽

/tɤ³⁵ ʂoʊ̯⁵¹/

/tɐk̚⁵ sɐu̯²²/

/tɤ³⁵ ʂoʊ̯⁵¹/

/tɐk̚⁵ sɐu̯²²/

the Deshou era (a Chinese era name; the era of Chen Li as emperor of Chen Han, from 1363 to 1364)


大定

/tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ tiŋ⁵¹/

/taːi̯²² tɪŋ²²/

/tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ tiŋ⁵¹/

/taːi̯²² tɪŋ²²/

The era of Emperor Xuan of Western Liang, from 555 to 562.

Emperor Jing
w:Emperor Jing of Northern Zhou

The second era of Emperor Jing of Northern Zhou, in 581.

Emperor Shizong
w:Emperor Shizong of Jin

The first era of Emperor Shizong of Jin, from 1161 to 1189.

The possibly fictitious second era of Chen Youliang as emperor of Chen Han, in 1363.


天佑

Sino-Xenic (天佑):
* → Japanese: 天佑(てんゆう) (ten'yū)
* → Korean: 천우(天佑) (cheonu)

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ joʊ̯⁵¹/

/tʰiːn⁵⁵ jɐu̯²²/

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ joʊ̯⁵¹/

/tʰiːn⁵⁵ jɐu̯²²/

Zhang Zhou
w:Zhang Shicheng#Regional rule

the Tianyou era (a Chinese era name; the era of Zhang Shicheng as emperor of Zhang Zhou, from 1354 to 1357)


天定

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ tiŋ⁵¹/

/tʰiːn⁵⁵ tɪŋ²²/

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ tiŋ⁵¹/

/tʰiːn⁵⁵ tɪŋ²²/

the Tianding era (a Chinese era name; the fourth era of Xu Shouhui as emperor of Tianwan, from 1359 to 1360)


老年精神病

ㄌㄠˇ ㄋㄧㄢˊ ㄐㄧㄥ ㄕㄣˊ ㄅㄧㄥˋ

лаонянь цзиншэньбин

/lɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ni̯ɛn³⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ ʂən³⁵ piŋ⁵¹/


日日月月

ㄖˋ ㄖˋ ㄩㄝˋ ㄩㄝˋ

/ʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɥɛ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɥɛ⁵¹/

/ʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɥɛ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɥɛ⁵¹/

(poetic) the days and months that have passed


日日月月年年

ㄖˋ ㄖˋ ㄩㄝˋ ㄩㄝˋ ㄋㄧㄢˊ ㄋㄧㄢˊ

жижи юэюэ няньнянь

/ʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɥɛ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɥɛ⁵¹ ni̯ɛn³⁵ ni̯ɛn³⁵/

(poetic) the days, months, and years that have passed


日日月月年年歲歲

ㄖˋ ㄖˋ ㄩㄝˋ ㄩㄝˋ ㄋㄧㄢˊ ㄋㄧㄢˊ ㄙㄨㄟˋ ㄙㄨㄟˋ

jih⁴-jih⁴ yüeh⁴-yüeh⁴ nien²-nien² sui⁴-sui⁴

жижи юэюэ няньнянь суйсуй

/ʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɥɛ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɥɛ⁵¹ ni̯ɛn³⁵ ni̯ɛn³⁵ su̯eɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ su̯eɪ̯⁵¹/


西元

/ɕi⁵⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

/sɐi̯⁵⁵ jyːn²¹/

/se⁴⁴⁻²² ɡuan²⁴/

/se⁴⁴⁻²² ɡuan¹³/

/se⁴⁴⁻³³ ɡuan²⁴/

/se⁴⁴⁻³³ ɡuan²³/

/ɕi⁵⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

/sɐi̯⁵⁵ jyːn²¹/

/se⁴⁴⁻²² ɡuan²⁴/

/se⁴⁴⁻²² ɡuan¹³/

/se⁴⁴⁻³³ ɡuan²⁴/

/se⁴⁴⁻³³ ɡuan²³/


大中

/tä⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵/

/taːi̯²² t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵/

/tä⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵/

/taːi̯²² t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵/

w:Emperor Xuanzong of Tang (9th century)

the Dazhong era (a Chinese era name; an era of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang (9th century), from 847 to 860)


晚來

/wän²¹⁴⁻²¹ laɪ̯³⁵/

/wän²¹⁴⁻²¹ laɪ̯³⁵/

Chóuchàng jiēqián hóngmǔdān, wǎnlái wéiyǒu liǎng zhī cán.

惆悵階前紅牡丹，晚來唯有兩枝殘。

惆怅阶前红牡丹，晚来唯有两枝残。

Sān bēi liǎng zhǎn dànjiǔ, zěn dí tā, wǎnlái fēng jí?

三杯兩盞淡酒，怎敵他、晚來風急？

三杯两盏淡酒，怎敌他、晚来风急？


春草

/ʈ͡ʂʰu̯ən⁵⁵ t͡sʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʈ͡ʂʰu̯ən⁵⁵ t͡sʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


抽暇

/ʈ͡ʂʰoʊ̯⁵⁵ ɕi̯ä³⁵/

/t͡sʰɐu̯⁵⁵ haː²²/

/ʈ͡ʂʰoʊ̯⁵⁵ ɕi̯ä³⁵/

/t͡sʰɐu̯⁵⁵ haː²²/

to find time (to do something); to take time


抽閒

/ʈ͡ʂʰoʊ̯⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɛn³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰoʊ̯⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɛn³⁵/


宰牲節

/t͡saɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂɤŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵/

/t͡sɔːi̯³⁵ sɐŋ⁵⁵ t͡siːt̚³/

/t͡saɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂɤŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵/

/t͡sɔːi̯³⁵ sɐŋ⁵⁵ t͡siːt̚³/


驕傲月

/t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɥɛ⁵¹/

/t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɥɛ⁵¹/


日裡向

/n̠ʲiɪʔ¹¹ li²² ɕiã²³/

/n̠ʲiɪʔ²² li⁵² ɕiã³³/

/n̠ʲiɪʔ¹¹ li²² ɕiã²³/

/n̠ʲiɪʔ²² li⁵² ɕiã³³/


伊歇辰光

/ɦi²² ɕiɪʔ⁵⁵ zən³³ kuɑ̃²¹/

/ɦi²² ɕiɪʔ⁵⁵ zən³³ kuɑ̃²¹/

At that time I was still in primary school.

⁶yi-shiq-zen-kuaon ⁶ngu ⁶ghe ⁸laq ⁸doq ⁵shiau-ghoq ⁰le

伊歇辰光我還辣讀小學唻。

伊歇辰光我还辣读小学𫪁。

GT - General Taiwanese (no specific region identified)


一歇辰光

ih^入 shih zen kuaon; ih^入 shih zen^去 kuaon

/iɪʔ³³ ɕiɪʔ⁵⁵ zən³³ kuɑ̃²¹/

/iɪʔ³³ ɕiɪʔ⁴⁴ zən²² kuɑ̃⁴⁴/

/iɪʔ³³ ɕiɪʔ⁵⁵ zən³³ kuɑ̃²¹/

/iɪʔ³³ ɕiɪʔ⁴⁴ zən²² kuɑ̃⁴⁴/

When that thing happened today, I was asleep at the time

¹cin-tsau ⁷faq-sen ⁶zy-ku ⁷iq-shiq-zen-kuaon ⁶ngu ⁵tsen ⁸laq ⁵khuen-kau

今朝發生事故，一歇辰光我正辣睏覺。

今朝发生事故，一歇辰光我正辣困觉。


𫝛時

/saŋ²⁴⁻²² si²⁴/

/saŋ²⁴⁻²² si²⁴/

(Hokkien) simultaneously; at the same time


𫝛時

/saŋ²⁴⁻²² si²⁴/

/saŋ²⁴⁻²² si²⁴/

(Hokkien) to be at the same time; to be simultaneous


當時候

/tɑ̃⁵⁵ zz̩³³ ɦɤ²¹/

/tɑ̃⁵⁵ zz̩³³ ɦɤ²¹/


尷尬頭

/ke⁵⁵ ka³³ dɤ²¹/

/ke⁵⁵ ka³³ dɤ²¹/

It's an awkward time now, please don't disturb.

⁶yi-ze ⁵sy ¹ke-ka-deu ⁷iq-geq ⁶zen-kuaon ⁶non ⁸veq-iau ⁶le ⁵tan-zau

現在是尷尬頭一個辰光，儂勿要來打擾。

现在是尴尬头一个辰光，侬勿要来打扰。


悼齔

/tɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂʰən⁵¹/

/tɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂʰən⁵¹/


達旦

/tä³⁵ tän⁵¹/

/tä³⁵ tän⁵¹/


矇矇亮

/mɤŋ⁵⁵ mɤŋ⁵⁵ li̯ɑŋ⁵¹/

/mʊŋ²¹ mʊŋ²¹ lœːŋ²²/

/mɤŋ⁵⁵ mɤŋ⁵⁵ li̯ɑŋ⁵¹/

/mʊŋ²¹ mʊŋ²¹ lœːŋ²²/


殘冬

/t͡sʰän³⁵ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰän³⁵ tʊŋ⁵⁵/


八旬

/pä⁵⁵ ɕyn³⁵/

/pä⁵⁵ ɕyn³⁵/


暇隙

Sino-Xenic (暇隙):
* → Japanese: 暇(か)隙(げき) (kageki)

/ɕi̯ä³⁵ ɕi⁵¹/

/ɕi̯ä³⁵ ɕi⁵¹/


節下

/t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵ ɕi̯ä³/

/t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵ ɕi̯ä³/

(colloquial) days around a major festival


石英鐘

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ iŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵/

/sɛːk̚² jɪŋ⁵⁵ t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵/

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ iŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵/

/sɛːk̚² jɪŋ⁵⁵ t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵/


凶年

/ɕi̯ʊŋ⁵⁵ ni̯ɛn³⁵/

/ɕi̯ʊŋ⁵⁵ ni̯ɛn³⁵/


曾幾何時

ㄘㄥˊ ㄐㄧˇ ㄏㄜˊ ㄕˊ

/t͡sʰɤŋ³⁵ t͡ɕi²¹⁴⁻²¹ xɤ³⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/t͡sʰɐŋ²¹ kei̯³⁵ hɔː²¹ siː²¹/

/t͡sʰɤŋ³⁵ t͡ɕi²¹⁴⁻²¹ xɤ³⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/t͡sʰɐŋ²¹ kei̯³⁵ hɔː²¹ siː²¹/


秋涼

ja-r

秋涼(しゅうりょう) (shūryō)

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (秋涼):
* → Japanese: 秋涼(しゅうりょう) (shūryō)

/t͡ɕʰi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵ li̯ɑŋ³⁵/

/t͡sʰɐu̯⁵⁵ lœːŋ²¹/

/t͡ɕʰi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵ li̯ɑŋ³⁵/

/t͡sʰɐu̯⁵⁵ lœːŋ²¹/


亡人節

ㄨㄤˊ ㄖㄣˊ ㄐㄧㄝˊ

/wɑŋ³⁵ ʐən³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵/

/bɔŋ²⁴⁻²² laŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡sueʔ⁵/

/wɑŋ³⁵ ʐən³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵/

/bɔŋ²⁴⁻²² laŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡sueʔ⁵/


結息日

/t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵ ɕi⁵⁵ ʐ̩⁵¹/

/t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵ ɕi³⁵ ʐ̩⁵¹/

/t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵ ɕi⁵⁵ ʐ̩⁵¹/

/t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵ ɕi³⁵ ʐ̩⁵¹/


對月

/tu̯eɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɥɛ⁵¹/

/tu̯eɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɥɛ⁵¹/


對日

/tu̯eɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʐ̩⁵¹/

/tɵy̯³³ jɐt̚²/

/tu̯eɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʐ̩⁵¹/

/tɵy̯³³ jɐt̚²/


隊日

/tu̯eɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʐ̩⁵¹/

/tu̯eɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʐ̩⁵¹/


插空

/ʈ͡ʂʰä⁵⁵ kʰʊŋ⁵¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʰä⁵⁵ kʰʊ̃ɻ⁵¹/

/t͡sʰa(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ kʰaŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰa(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ kʰaŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰa(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ kʰaŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰa(ʔ)³²⁻⁴¹ kʰaŋ⁴⁴/

/ʈ͡ʂʰä⁵⁵ kʰʊŋ⁵¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʰä⁵⁵ kʰʊ̃ɻ⁵¹/

/t͡sʰa(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ kʰaŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰa(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ kʰaŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰa(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ kʰaŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰa(ʔ)³²⁻⁴¹ kʰaŋ⁴⁴/


聖誕季

/ʂɤŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ tän⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕi⁵¹/

/ʂɤŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ tän⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕi⁵¹/


產兒

/ʈ͡ʂʰän²¹⁴⁻²¹ ˀɤɻ³⁵/

/t͡sʰaːn³⁵ jiː²¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʰän²¹⁴⁻²¹ ˀɤɻ³⁵/

/t͡sʰaːn³⁵ jiː²¹/

(literal, figurative) newborn baby; neonate; infant


麥秋

Sino-Xenic (麦秋 (màiqiū)):
* → Japanese: 麦秋(ばくしゅう) (bakushū)
* → Korean: 맥추(麦秋) (maekchu)

/maɪ̯⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵/

/mɐk̚² t͡sʰɐu̯⁵⁵/

/maʔ¹¹ t͡ɕʰiɤ²³/

/maɪ̯⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵/

/mɐk̚² t͡sʰɐu̯⁵⁵/

/maʔ¹¹ t͡ɕʰiɤ²³/


短暫性

ㄉㄨㄢˇ ㄗㄢˋ ㄒㄧㄥˋ

ㄉㄨㄢˇ ㄓㄢˋ ㄒㄧㄥˋ

дуаньцзаньсин

/tu̯än²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡sän⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕiŋ⁵¹/

дуаньчжаньсин

/tu̯än²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂän⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕiŋ⁵¹/

/tu̯än²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡sän⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕiŋ⁵¹/

/tu̯än²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂän⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕiŋ⁵¹/


話咁快

/waː²² kɐm³³ faːi̯³³/

/waː²² kɐm³³ faːi̯³³/

1985, “童年 [tóngnián]”, in 黃霑 (lyrics), 海底針 [hǎidǐzhēn], performed by 蔡國權:

waa⁶ gam³ faai³ zau⁶ dou³ liu⁵ gam¹ tin¹, gau⁶ zan⁶ si⁴ ngo⁵ bin³ liu⁵ gam¹ tin¹ dik¹ ngo⁵

In the blink of an eye, we have arrived at the present; the me of the olden days became the me of the present

話咁快就到了今天 舊陣時我變了今天的我

话咁快就到了今天 旧阵时我变了今天的我


第二天

/ti⁵¹⁻⁵³ ˀɤɻ⁵¹ tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/tɐi̯²² jiː²² tʰiːn⁵⁵/

/ti⁵¹⁻⁵³ ˀɤɻ⁵¹ tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/tɐi̯²² jiː²² tʰiːn⁵⁵/


合皮扭耳

/hɐp̚² pʰei̯²¹ nɐu̯³⁵ jiː¹³/

/hɐp̚² pʰei̯²¹ nɐu̯³⁵ jiː¹³/


貨架期

ㄏㄨㄛˋ ㄐㄧㄚˋ ㄑㄧ

ㄏㄨㄛˋ ㄐㄧㄚˋ ㄑㄧˊ

/xu̯ɔ⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵/

/xu̯ɔ⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/xu̯ɔ⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵/

/xu̯ɔ⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/


挨時間

/ˀaɪ̯³⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/aːi̯⁵⁵ siː²¹ kaːn³³/

/ˀaɪ̯³⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/aːi̯⁵⁵ siː²¹ kaːn³³/


⿱𡩧⿺進⿰貝招

ㄓㄠ ㄘㄞˊ ㄐㄧㄣˋ ㄅㄠˇ

чжаоцайцзиньбао

/ʈ͡ʂɑʊ̯⁵⁵ t͡sʰaɪ̯³⁵ t͡ɕin⁵¹ pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡siːu̯⁵⁵ t͡sʰɔːi̯²¹ t͡sɵn³³ pou̯³⁵/

/t͡siːu̯⁵⁵ t͡sʰɔːi̯²¹ t͡sɵn³³ pou̯³⁵/

招財進寶 招財進寶#Chinese

招财进宝 招财进宝#Chinese

Ligature form of 招財進寶 /招财进宝 (zhāocáijìnbǎo)


抱奶

/pɑʊ̯⁵¹ naɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pɑʊ̯⁵¹ naɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


殺時間

/ʂä⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/ʂä⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵/


脫期

/tʰu̯ɔ⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵/

/tʰu̯ɔ⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/tʰyːt̚³ kʰei̯²¹/

/tʰu̯ɔ⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵/

/tʰu̯ɔ⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/tʰyːt̚³ kʰei̯²¹/


透年

/tʰau²¹⁻⁴¹ nĩ²³/

/tʰau¹¹⁻⁵³ nĩ²⁴/

/tʰau⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ nĩ²⁴/

/tʰau²¹⁻⁴¹ nĩ²³/

/tʰau¹¹⁻⁵³ nĩ²⁴/

/tʰau⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ nĩ²⁴/

(Jinjiang and Taiwanese Hokkien) whole year


長考

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ kʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ kʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(chiefly chess, card games, mahjong) to consider for a long time


默冬章

/mu̯ɔ⁵¹ tʊŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂɑŋ⁵⁵/

/mu̯ɔ⁵¹ tʊŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂɑŋ⁵⁵/

(astronomy) Metonic cycle (a particular approximate common multiple of the tropical year and the synodic month; in other words, the 19-year period over which the lunar phases occur on the same dates)


有常時

/ɦiɤ²² zã⁵⁵ zz̩²¹/

/ɦiɤ²² zã⁵⁵ zz̩²¹/


漏壺

/loʊ̯⁵¹ xu³⁵/

/lɐu̯²² wuː³⁵/

/lau²²⁻²¹ ɔ²⁴/

/lau⁴¹⁻²² ɔ²⁴/

/lau²²⁻²¹ ɔ¹³/

/lau³³⁻¹¹ ɔ²⁴/

/lau³³⁻²¹ ɔ²³/

/loʊ̯⁵¹ xu³⁵/

/lɐu̯²² wuː³⁵/

/lau²²⁻²¹ ɔ²⁴/

/lau⁴¹⁻²² ɔ²⁴/

/lau²²⁻²¹ ɔ¹³/

/lau³³⁻¹¹ ɔ²⁴/

/lau³³⁻²¹ ɔ²³/


登六

/tɐŋ⁵⁵ lʊk̚²/

/tɐŋ⁵⁵ lʊk̚²/

(Cantonese, humorous) to become sixty years old; to turn sixty


千紀

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ t͡ɕi⁵¹/

/t͡sʰi̯en²⁴⁻¹¹ ki⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵ t͡ɕi²¹/

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ t͡ɕi⁵¹/

/t͡sʰi̯en²⁴⁻¹¹ ki⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵ t͡ɕi²¹/


長局

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ t͡ɕy³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ t͡ɕy³⁵/

(chiefly in the negative) situation that can be maintained for a long time


霧月

/u⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɥɛ⁵¹/

/u⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɥɛ⁵¹/

(historical) Brumaire (the second month of the French Republican Calendar)


葡月

/pʰu³⁵ ɥɛ⁵¹/

/pʰu³⁵ ɥɛ⁵¹/

(historical) Vendémiaire (the first month of the French Republican Calendar)


芽月

/ŋaː²¹ jyːt̚²/

/ŋaː²¹ jyːt̚²/

(historical) Germinal (the seventh month of the French Republican Calendar)


牧月

/mu⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɥɛ⁵¹/

/mu⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɥɛ⁵¹/

(historical) Prairial (the ninth month of the French Republican Calendar)


熱月

/ʐɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɥɛ⁵¹/

/ʐɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɥɛ⁵¹/

(historical) Thermidor (the eleventh month of the French Republican Calendar)


穫月

/xu̯ɔ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɥɛ⁵¹/

/wɔːk̚² jyːt̚²/

/xu̯ɔ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɥɛ⁵¹/

/wɔːk̚² jyːt̚²/

(historical) Messidor (the tenth month of the French Republican Calendar)


果月

/ku̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɥɛ⁵¹/

/kʷɔː³⁵ jyːt̚²/

/ku̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɥɛ⁵¹/

/kʷɔː³⁵ jyːt̚²/

(historical) Fructidor (the twelfth month of the French Republican Calendar)


髫齔

/tʰi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰən⁵¹/

/tʰi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰən⁵¹/


小會

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ xu̯eɪ̯⁵¹/

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ xu̯əɻ⁵¹/

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ xu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ xu̯əɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ xu̯eɪ̯⁵¹/

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ xu̯əɻ⁵¹/

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ xu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ xu̯əɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


嗰時

/kɔː³⁵ siː²¹/

/kɔː³⁵ siː²¹⁻³⁵/

/kɔː³⁵ siː²¹/

/kɔː³⁵ siː²¹⁻³⁵/


成人年齡

ㄔㄥˊ ㄖㄣˊ ㄋㄧㄢˊ ㄌㄧㄥˊ

чэнжэнь няньлин

/ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵ ʐən³⁵ ni̯ɛn³⁵ liŋ³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵ ʐən³⁵ ni̯ɛn³⁵ liŋ³⁵/


成年年齡

ㄔㄥˊ ㄋㄧㄢˊ ㄋㄧㄢˊ ㄌㄧㄥˊ

чэннянь няньлин

/ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵ ni̯ɛn³⁵ ni̯ɛn³⁵ liŋ³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵ ni̯ɛn³⁵ ni̯ɛn³⁵ liŋ³⁵/


冷卻期

ㄌㄥˇ ㄑㄩㄝˋ ㄑㄧˊ

/lɤŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰy̯ɛ⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵/

/lɤŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰy̯ɛ⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/lɤŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰy̯ɛ⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵/

/lɤŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰy̯ɛ⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/


墟日

/hɵy̯⁵⁵ jɐt̚²/

/hi⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ŋit̚¹/

/hɵy̯⁵⁵ jɐt̚²/

/hi⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ŋit̚¹/


兒童醫院

ㄦˊ ㄊㄨㄥˊ ㄧ ㄩㄢˋ

/ˀɤɻ³⁵ tʰʊŋ³⁵ i⁵⁵ ɥɛn⁵¹/

/ˀɤɻ³⁵ tʰʊŋ³⁵ i⁵⁵ ɥɛn⁵¹/


前年個兒

ㄑㄧㄢˊ ㄋㄧㄢˊ ˙ㄍㄜ ㄦˊ

цяньняньгээр

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn³⁵ ni̯ɛn³⁵ g̊ə³ ˀɤɻ³⁵/

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn³⁵ ni̯ɛn³⁵ g̊ə³ ˀɤɻ³⁵/


尿苴仔

/lio³³⁻¹¹ t͡su³³ a⁵³/

/ziɤ³³⁻²¹ t͡su³³ a⁴¹/

/lio³³⁻¹¹ t͡su³³ a⁵³/

/ziɤ³³⁻²¹ t͡su³³ a⁴¹/

(Taiwanese Hokkien) diaper; napkin; nappy


尿苴

/lio²²⁻²¹ t͡su²²/

/d͡ziɤ³³⁻¹¹ t͡su³³/

/d͡zio²²⁻²¹ t͡su²²/

/lio²²⁻²¹ t͡su²²/

/d͡ziɤ³³⁻¹¹ t͡su³³/

/d͡zio²²⁻²¹ t͡su²²/


殕殕光

/pʰu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ pʰu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kŋ̍⁴⁴/

/pʰu⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ pʰu⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kŋ̍³³/

/pʰu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ pʰu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kuĩ⁴⁴/

/pʰu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ pʰu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kŋ̍⁴⁴/

/pʰu⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ pʰu⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kŋ̍³³/

/pʰu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ pʰu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kuĩ⁴⁴/


拆合

/tʰia(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ haʔ¹²¹/

/tʰia(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ haʔ⁴/

/tʰia(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ haʔ¹²¹/

/tʰia(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ haʔ⁴/

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) at the crack of dawn


侵曉

/t͡ɕʰin⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʰɐm⁵⁵ hiːu̯³⁵/

/t͡ɕʰin⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʰɐm⁵⁵ hiːu̯³⁵/

The Eastern Pavilion shed fragrance on the lake;
The Southern soldiers took the capital at daybreak.

c. 869-872, Pi Rixiu (皮日休),《館娃宮懷古五絕（其一）》, translated by Xu Yuanchong

Qǐgé piāoxiāng xià Tàihú, luànbīng qīnxiǎo shàng Gūsū.

綺閣飄香下太湖，亂兵侵曉上姑蘇。

绮阁飘香下太湖，乱兵侵晓上姑苏。

Birds chirp at dawn beneath the eaves, announcing a fine day.

c. 1083-1086, Zhou Bangyan (周邦彥),《蘇幕遮•燎沉香》, translated by Xu Yuanchong

鳥雀呼晴，侵曉窺檐語。

鸟雀呼晴，侵晓窥檐语。

(literary) approaching daybreak; towards dawn


今才

/tã⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡siaʔ³²/

/tã⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡siaʔ³²/

(Taiwanese Hokkien) just; just now; a moment ago


季尾

/t͡ɕi⁵¹ weɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kʷɐi̯³³ mei̯¹³/

/kui⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ be⁵⁵⁴/

/t͡ɕi⁵¹ weɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kʷɐi̯³³ mei̯¹³/

/kui⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ be⁵⁵⁴/

(Jinjiang Hokkien, education) end of term; end of semester; end of quarter


季頭

/kui⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ tʰau²⁴/

/kui⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ tʰau²⁴/

(Jinjiang Hokkien, education) start of term; start of semester; start of quarter


包夜

/pɑʊ̯⁵⁵ jɛ⁵¹/

/pɑʊ̯⁵⁵ jɛ⁵¹/

whole night; all night (for services consumed)


老後日

/l̃o⁵⁵⁻²¹ au²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ nˡiʔ⁵/

/lɑʊ̯³³ ɣ̊ɘu̯²¹³⁻³¹ ʑ̊i¹¹/

/l̃o⁵⁵⁻²¹ au²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ nˡiʔ⁵/

/lɑʊ̯³³ ɣ̊ɘu̯²¹³⁻³¹ ʑ̊i¹¹/

(Eastern Min, Hengyang Xiang) three days from now


有時節

(Southern Sixian Hakka) sometimes; occasionally; now and then


有辰光

/ɦiɤ²² zən⁵⁵ kuɑ̃²¹/

/ɦiɤ²² zən⁵⁵ kuɑ̃²¹/


有時間

/iu²¹³⁻²¹ sz̩¹ kan⁴²/

/iu²¹³⁻²¹ sz̩¹ kan⁴²/


熱假

(Leizhou Min, Hainanese) summer holiday; summer vacation


姑娘仔

/kuː⁵⁵ nœːŋ²¹ t͡sɐi̯³⁵/

/kuː⁵⁵ nœːŋ²¹ t͡sɐi̯³⁵/


當奉囝

/tɔŋ³⁵⁻³³ hɔŋ²¹⁻⁵⁵ kia³¹/

/tɔŋ³⁵⁻³³ hɔŋ²¹⁻⁵⁵ kia³¹/

(Leizhou Min) just; just now; a moment ago


長世

(Leizhou Min) often; regularly; frequently


長常

/tɔ²² siaŋ²²/

/tɔ²² siaŋ²²/


時辰鐘

/siː²¹ sɐn²¹ t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵/

/siː²¹ sɐn²¹ t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵/

(Liuzhou Mandarin, Cantonese, Wenzhounese) clock


升官發財

ㄕㄥ ㄍㄨㄢ ㄈㄚ ㄘㄞˊ

шэнгуаньфацай

/ʂɤŋ⁵⁵ ku̯än⁵⁵ fä⁵⁵ t͡sʰaɪ̯³⁵/

/sɪŋ⁵⁵ kuːn⁵⁵ faːt̚³ t͡sʰɔːi̯²¹/

/ʂɤŋ⁵⁵ ku̯än⁵⁵ fä⁵⁵ t͡sʰaɪ̯³⁵/

/sɪŋ⁵⁵ kuːn⁵⁵ faːt̚³ t͡sʰɔːi̯²¹/

to be promoted to a higher position as an official and make a fortune


日晝前

(Leizhou Min) morning; before noon; a.m.


暝宵

/me⁵⁵⁻¹¹ siɯu³³/

/me⁵⁵⁻¹¹ siɯu³³/

(Leizhou Min, Teochew) late-night snack; supper


暝昏頭

/mɛ²² hui³⁵⁻³³ tʰau²²/

/mɛ²² hui³⁵⁻³³ tʰau²²/

(Leizhou Min) early evening (around 6PM to 8PM)


遮久仔

/t͡sia(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ ku⁵³⁻⁴⁴ a⁵³/

/t͡sia(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ ku⁵³⁻⁴⁴ a⁵³/

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) these days


隔轉工

/ke(ʔ)³²⁻⁴¹ tŋ̍⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/ke(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ tŋ̍⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/ke(ʔ)³²⁻⁴¹ tŋ̍⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/ke(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ tŋ̍⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kaŋ⁴⁴/

(Xiamen and Taiwanese Hokkien) the next day; the following day


隔轉日

/ke(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ tŋ̍⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lit̚⁴/

/ke(ʔ)³²⁻⁴¹ tŋ̍⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ zit̚⁴/

/ke(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ tŋ̍⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lit̚⁴/

/ke(ʔ)³²⁻⁴¹ tŋ̍⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ zit̚⁴/


老戇

/lau³³⁻¹¹ ɡɔŋ³³/

/lau³³⁻²¹ ɡɔŋ³³/

/lau³³⁻²² ɡɔŋ⁴¹/

/lau³³⁻¹¹ ɡɔŋ³³/

/lau³³⁻²¹ ɡɔŋ³³/

/lau³³⁻²² ɡɔŋ⁴¹/


年兜錢

/lin²⁴⁻²² tau³³ t͡sĩ²⁴/

/lin²⁴⁻²² tau³³ t͡sĩ²⁴/

(Hui'an Hokkien) money given to children during the Chinese New Year, usually in a red envelope


年飯

/ni̯ɛn³⁵ fän⁵¹/

/ˈn̠ʲiɛn³⁵ fan¹¹/

/ni̯ɛn³⁵ fän⁵¹/

/ˈn̠ʲiɛn³⁵ fan¹¹/

reunion dinner on New Year's Eve of the Chinese New Year


規半日

/kui⁴⁴⁻²² puã²¹⁻⁵³ lit̚⁴/

/kui³³ puã⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ lit̚²⁴/

/kui⁴⁴⁻²² puã²¹⁻⁵³ d͡zit̚¹²¹/

/kui⁴⁴⁻²² puã²¹⁻⁵³ lit̚⁴/

/kui³³ puã⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ lit̚²⁴/

/kui⁴⁴⁻²² puã²¹⁻⁵³ d͡zit̚¹²¹/

(Hokkien, figurative) a long time; quite a while


金代

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ taɪ̯⁵¹/

/kɐm⁵⁵ tɔːi̯²²/

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ taɪ̯⁵¹/

/kɐm⁵⁵ tɔːi̯²²/

the Jin Era, the time of the Jin dynasty (Jurchen dynasty) (1115-1234)

Cao Wei
Chen dynasty
Eastern Han dynasty
Eastern Wei
Eastern Wu
Eastern Zhou dynasty
Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms
Han dynasty
Jin dynasty (1115–1234)
Jin dynasty (265–420)
Liang dynasty
Liao dynasty
Liu Song dynasty
Ming dynasty
Northern Qi
Northern Wei
Northern Zhou
Northern and Southern dynasties
Qin dynasty
Qing dynasty
Shang dynasty
Shu Han
Song dynasty
Southern Qi
Southern and Northern dynasties
Spring and Autumn period
Sui dynasty
Tang dynasty
Three Kingdoms
Warring States period
Western Han dynasty
Western Liao
Western Wei
Western Xia
Western Zhou dynasty
Xia dynasty
Xin dynasty
Yuan dynasty
Zhou dynasty


逐冬

/tak̚⁴⁻³² taŋ⁴⁴/

/tak̚¹²¹⁻²¹ taŋ⁴⁴/

/tak̚⁴⁻³² taŋ⁴⁴/

/tak̚¹²¹⁻²¹ taŋ⁴⁴/

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) every semester


正日

Sino-Xenic (正日):
* → Korean: 정일(正日) (jeong'il)

/ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʐ̩⁵¹/

/t͡sɪŋ³³ jɐt̚²⁻³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʐ̩⁵¹/

/t͡sɪŋ³³ jɐt̚²⁻³⁵/


嚴寒老人

ㄧㄢˊ ㄏㄢˊ ㄌㄠˇ ㄖㄣˊ

Яньхань Лаожэнь

/jɛn³⁵ xän³⁵ lɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʐən³⁵/

/jɛn³⁵ xän³⁵ lɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʐən³⁵/

Calque of Russian Де́д Моро́з (Déd Moróz, literally “Grandfather Frost; Old Man Frost”).


眠起早

/muŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ kʰi⁵²⁻³⁵ t͡sa⁵²/

/miŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ kʰi⁵²⁻³⁵ t͡sa⁵²/

/meŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ kʰi⁵²⁻³⁵ t͡sa⁵²⁻²¹/

/muŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ kʰi⁵²⁻³⁵ t͡sa⁵²/

/miŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ kʰi⁵²⁻³⁵ t͡sa⁵²/

/meŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ kʰi⁵²⁻³⁵ t͡sa⁵²⁻²¹/


首周

/ʂoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/ʂoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/


隔暗

/ke(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ am²¹/

/kɛ(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ am²¹/

/ke(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ am²¹/

/kɛ(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ am²¹/

(Hokkien) overnight; from the previous evening


越日

/ɥɛ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʐ̩⁵¹/

/ɥɛ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʐ̩⁵¹/

(literary) the next day; the following day


隔轉年

/ke(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ tŋ̍⁵³⁻⁴⁴ nĩ²⁴/

/ke(ʔ)³²⁻⁴¹ tŋ̍⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ nĩ²³/

/ke(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ tŋ̍⁵³⁻⁴⁴ nĩ²⁴/

/ke(ʔ)³²⁻⁴¹ tŋ̍⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ nĩ²³/

(Xiamen and Taiwanese Hokkien) the next year; the following year


一下囝

/t͡sit̚²⁴⁻²¹ e²²⁻²¹ kiã⁵³/

/t͡sit̚²⁴⁻²¹ e²²⁻²¹ kiã⁵³/

(Yongchun Hokkien) a little while; a moment


正日子

/ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʐ̩⁵¹ d͡z̥z̩¹/

/ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʐ̩⁵¹ d͡z̥z̩¹/


這氣

/t͡sit̚³²⁻⁵ kʰui²¹/

/t͡sit̚³²⁻⁴ kʰui²¹/

/t͡sit̚⁵⁻²⁴ kʰui⁴¹/

/t͡sit̚³²⁻⁵ kʰui²¹/

/t͡sit̚³²⁻⁴ kʰui²¹/

/t͡sit̚⁵⁻²⁴ kʰui⁴¹/

(Hokkien) at this moment; at present; now


孽雞

/ɡiɛt̚⁴⁻³² kue⁴⁴/

/ɡiɛt̚⁴⁻³² kue⁴⁴/

(Xiamen Hokkien) mischievous person; rascal; someone fond of getting into trouble


孽蟲

/ɡiɛt̚²⁴⁻² tʰaŋ²⁴/

/ɡiɛt̚²⁴⁻² tʰaŋ²⁴/

(Quanzhou Hokkien) mischievous person; rascal; someone fond of getting into trouble


轉段

/ʈ͡ʂu̯än²¹⁴⁻²¹ tu̯än⁵¹/

/ʈ͡ʂu̯än²¹⁴⁻²¹ tu̯än⁵¹/


登常

(Southern Sixian Hakka) frequently; often


盤過節

/puã²⁴⁻¹¹ ke¹¹⁻⁵³ t͡sueʔ³²/

/puã²⁴⁻²² ke²¹⁻⁵³ t͡sueʔ³²/

/puã²⁴⁻³³ kue²¹⁻⁵³ t͡seʔ³²/

/puã²⁴⁻¹¹ ke¹¹⁻⁵³ t͡sueʔ³²/

/puã²⁴⁻²² ke²¹⁻⁵³ t͡sueʔ³²/

/puã²⁴⁻³³ kue²¹⁻⁵³ t͡seʔ³²/


旦暮

/tän⁵¹⁻⁵³ mu⁵¹/

/tän⁵¹⁻⁵³ mu⁵¹/


佛祖生

/put̚⁵⁻²⁴ t͡sɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ sĩ³³/

/put̚³²⁻⁴ t͡sɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sĩ⁴⁴/

/put̚³²⁻⁵ t͡sɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sɛ̃⁴⁴/

/put̚⁵⁻²⁴ t͡sɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ sĩ³³/

/put̚³²⁻⁴ t͡sɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sĩ⁴⁴/

/put̚³²⁻⁵ t͡sɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sɛ̃⁴⁴/

(Hakka, Hokkien) Buddha's Birthday; Buddha Day


閬月

/laŋ²¹⁻⁵³ ɡeʔ⁴/

/laŋ²¹⁻⁴¹ ɡeʔ⁴/

/laŋ¹¹⁻⁵³ ɡeʔ⁴/

/laŋ²¹⁻⁵³ ɡeʔ⁴/

/laŋ²¹⁻⁴¹ ɡeʔ⁴/

/laŋ¹¹⁻⁵³ ɡeʔ⁴/

(Xiamen and Taiwanese Hokkien) every other month


無夠月

/bɤ²³⁻³³ kau²¹⁻⁴¹ ɡueʔ⁴/

/bo²⁴⁻¹¹ kau¹¹⁻⁵³ ɡeʔ⁴/

/bɤ²³⁻³³ kau²¹⁻⁴¹ ɡueʔ⁴/

/bo²⁴⁻¹¹ kau¹¹⁻⁵³ ɡeʔ⁴/

(Taiwanese Hokkien) to give birth prematurely; to undergo preterm labour


本週

/pən²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/puːn³⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/pən²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/puːn³⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/


育幼院

/y⁵¹⁻⁵³ joʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɥɛn⁵¹/

/iɔk̚⁴⁻³² iu²¹⁻⁵³ ĩ²²/

/iɔk̚²⁴⁻² iu⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ ĩ⁴¹/

/iɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ iu²¹⁻⁵³ ĩ²²/

/iɔk̚⁴⁻³² iu¹¹⁻⁵³ ĩ³³/

/iɔk̚⁴⁻³² iu²¹⁻⁴¹ ĩ³³/

/y⁵¹⁻⁵³ joʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɥɛn⁵¹/

/iɔk̚⁴⁻³² iu²¹⁻⁵³ ĩ²²/

/iɔk̚²⁴⁻² iu⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ ĩ⁴¹/

/iɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ iu²¹⁻⁵³ ĩ²²/

/iɔk̚⁴⁻³² iu¹¹⁻⁵³ ĩ³³/

/iɔk̚⁴⁻³² iu²¹⁻⁴¹ ĩ³³/


老家兒

/lɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑɻ⁵⁵/

/lɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑɻ⁵⁵/

(Beijing Mandarin) one's elders; senior; older generation


年時個

(Central Plains and Lanyin Mandarin) last year


結髮

/t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵ fä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵ fä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

to bind one's hair, an ancient coming-of-age custom


這程

/t͡sit̚³²⁻⁵ tʰiɪŋ¹³/

/t͡sit̚³²⁻⁵ tʰiɪŋ¹³/

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) recently; lately; of late


這番仔

/t͡sit̚³²⁻⁵ huan⁴⁴⁻²² a⁵³/

/t͡sit̚³²⁻⁵ huan⁴⁴⁻²² a⁵³/


這過仔

/t͡sit̚³²⁻⁵ kue²¹⁻⁵³ a⁵³/

/t͡sit̚³²⁻⁵ kue²¹⁻⁵³ a⁵³/


這擺仔

/t͡sit̚³²⁻⁵ pai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ a⁵³/

/t͡sit̚³²⁻⁵ pai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ a⁵³/


一對時

/t͡sit̚⁴⁻³² tui²¹⁻⁵³ si²⁴/

/t͡sit̚²⁴⁻² tui⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ si²⁴/

/t͡sit̚¹²¹⁻²¹ tui²¹⁻⁵³ si¹³/

/t͡sit̚⁴⁻³² tui¹¹⁻⁵³ si²⁴/

/t͡sit̚⁴⁻³² tui²¹⁻⁴¹ si²³/

/t͡sit̚⁴⁻³² tui²¹⁻⁵³ si²⁴/

/t͡sit̚²⁴⁻² tui⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ si²⁴/

/t͡sit̚¹²¹⁻²¹ tui²¹⁻⁵³ si¹³/

/t͡sit̚⁴⁻³² tui¹¹⁻⁵³ si²⁴/

/t͡sit̚⁴⁻³² tui²¹⁻⁴¹ si²³/

(Hokkien) a period of 24 hours; an entire day


預苦期

/y⁵¹ kʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵/

/y⁵¹ kʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/jyː²² fuː³⁵ kʰei̯²¹/

/y⁵¹ kʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵/

/y⁵¹ kʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/jyː²² fuː³⁵ kʰei̯²¹/


聖灰日

/ʂɤŋ⁵¹ xu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ ʐ̩⁵¹/

/sɪŋ³³ fuːi̯⁵⁵ jɐt̚²/

/ʂɤŋ⁵¹ xu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ ʐ̩⁵¹/

/sɪŋ³³ fuːi̯⁵⁵ jɐt̚²/


彼擺

/hit̚⁵⁻²⁴ pai⁵⁵⁴/

/hit̚⁵⁻²⁴ pai⁵⁵⁴/


彼過

/hit̚³²⁻⁴ ke²¹/

/hit̚⁵⁻²⁴ kə⁴¹/

/hit̚³²⁻⁴ ke²¹/

/hit̚⁵⁻²⁴ kə⁴¹/


原時

/ɥɛn³⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/ɥɛn³⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

proper time
proper time#English:_Q1056595

(relativity) proper time (time as measured by a clock following a timelike world line)


晨昏

/ʈ͡ʂʰən³⁵ xu̯ən⁵⁵/

/sɐn²¹ fɐn⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰən³⁵ xu̯ən⁵⁵/

/sɐn²¹ fɐn⁵⁵/


工間

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵/


囡仔時

/kin⁵³⁻⁴⁴ a⁵³⁻⁴⁴ si²⁴/

/kin⁵³⁻⁴⁴ a⁵³⁻⁴⁴ si²⁴/


囡仔聲

/kin⁵³⁻⁴⁴ a⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siã⁴⁴/

/kin⁵³⁻⁴⁴ a⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siã⁴⁴/


古早味

/ku²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡sɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ weɪ̯⁵¹/

/kɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sa⁵³⁻⁴⁴ bi²²/

/kɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡sa⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ bi⁴¹/

/kɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sa⁵³⁻⁴⁴ bi²²/

/kɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sa⁵³⁻⁴⁴ bi³³/

/kɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡sa⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ bi³³/

/ku²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡sɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ weɪ̯⁵¹/

/kɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sa⁵³⁻⁴⁴ bi²²/

/kɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡sa⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ bi⁴¹/

/kɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sa⁵³⁻⁴⁴ bi²²/

/kɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sa⁵³⁻⁴⁴ bi³³/

/kɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡sa⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ bi³³/

(Hokkien, Taiwanese Mandarin) traditional flavor, taste of nostalgia, yesteryear flair


掃墓節

ㄙㄠˇ ㄇㄨˋ ㄐㄧㄝˊ

/sɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ mu⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵/

/sɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ mu⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵/

Tomb Sweeping Day (annual Chinese festival observed on the first day of Qingming)


上晏

/ʃiɛŋ⁵⁵ an²⁴/

/ʃiɛŋ⁵⁵ an²⁴/


使黑

/ʃɐi²¹ hɐk̚²⁴/

/ʃɐi²¹ hɐk̚²⁴/

(Yangjiang Cantonese) nightfall; toward evening; dusk

GT - General Taiwanese (no particular region identified)


夜黑

/jiɛ³²⁻²¹ hak̚⁵⁵/

/jiɛ³²⁻²¹ hak̚⁵⁵/


黑晚

/hak̚⁵⁵ ᵐban²¹⁻²¹⁵/

/hak̚⁵⁵ ᵐban²¹⁻²¹⁵/

(Taishanese, Huizhou Hakka) evening; night


將才

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ t͡sʰaɪ̯³⁵/

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ t͡sʰaɪ̯³⁵/

(Beijing Mandarin) just; just now; a moment ago


程子

/ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵ d͡z̥z̩³/

/t͡sʰɪŋ²¹ t͡siː³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵ d͡z̥z̩³/

/t͡sʰɪŋ²¹ t͡siː³⁵/

(regional) a short period of time; a short while


佛生日

/put̚⁵⁻²⁴ sĩ³³ lit̚²⁴/

/put̚⁵⁻²⁴ sĩ³³ lit̚²⁴/

(Jinjiang Hokkien) Buddha's Birthday; Buddha Day


十二月冬

/t͡sap̚⁴⁻³² li²²⁻²¹ ɡe(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ taŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡sap̚¹²¹⁻²¹ d͡zi²²⁻²¹ ɡue(ʔ)¹²¹⁻²¹ taŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡sap̚²⁴⁻² li⁴¹⁻²² ɡə(ʔ)²⁴⁻² taŋ³³/

/t͡sap̚¹²¹⁻²¹ d͡zi²²⁻²¹ e(ʔ)¹²¹⁻²¹ taŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡sap̚⁴⁻³² li²²⁻²¹ ɡe(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ taŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡sap̚²⁴⁻² li⁴¹⁻²² ɡə(ʔ)²⁴⁻² taŋ³³/

(Hokkien) twelfth month of the Chinese lunar calendar


十月冬

/t͡sap̚⁴⁻³² ɡe(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ taŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡sap̚²⁴⁻² ɡə(ʔ)²⁴⁻² taŋ³³/

/t͡sap̚¹²¹⁻²¹ ɡue(ʔ)¹²¹⁻²¹ taŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡sap̚¹²¹⁻²¹ e(ʔ)¹²¹⁻²¹ taŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡sap̚⁴⁻³² ɡe(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ taŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡sap̚²⁴⁻² ɡə(ʔ)²⁴⁻² taŋ³³/

/t͡sap̚¹²¹⁻²¹ ɡue(ʔ)¹²¹⁻²¹ taŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡sap̚¹²¹⁻²¹ e(ʔ)¹²¹⁻²¹ taŋ⁴⁴/


先時

/ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

Cao Xueqin, Dream of the Red Chamber, mid-18ᵗʰ century CE

Rújīn de zhè Róng Níng èr fǔ yě dōu xiāosuǒ le, bùbǐ xiānshí de guāngjǐng.

如今的這榮寧二府也都蕭索了，不比先時的光景。

如今的这荣宁二府也都萧索了，不比先时的光景。

1877, Donald Bruce, “Lesson 62”, in Easy Phrases in the Canton Dialect of the Chinese Language, 2nd edition, San Francisco: Bruce's Printing House:

個件事我先時唔知

个件事我先时唔知

1899, 馬可福音：中西字 [The Gospel according to St. Mark in English and Cantonese], Shanghai: American Presbyterian Mission Press, page 20:

And they come to Jesus, and see him that was possessed with the devil, and had the legion, sitting, and clothed, and in his right mind: and they were afraid.

lai⁴ dou³ je⁴ sou¹ cyu², gin³ sin¹ si⁴ bei⁶ sing⁴ gwan¹ ge³ gwai² so² mai⁴ zi¹ jan⁴, co⁵ dou² cyu³, zoek³ faan¹ ji¹ fuk⁶, zi⁶ zi⁶ zoi⁶ zoi⁶, keoi⁵ dei⁶ zau⁶ fong¹ hei² lai⁴

嚟到耶穌處、見先時被成軍嘅鬼所迷之人、坐倒處、着翻衣服、自自在在、佢哋就慌起嚟

嚟到耶稣处、见先时被成军嘅鬼所迷之人、坐倒处、着翻衣服、自自在在、佢哋就慌起嚟

(literary) earlier times; in the beginning


持效期

/ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩³⁵ ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩³⁵ ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩³⁵ ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩³⁵ ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/


間日

/kãi²¹⁻⁵³ lit̚⁴/

/kuĩ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ lit̚²⁴/

/kãi²¹⁻⁵³ d͡zit̚¹²¹/

/kãi²¹⁻⁵³ lit̚⁴/

/kuĩ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ lit̚²⁴/

/kãi²¹⁻⁵³ d͡zit̚¹²¹/

(Hokkien) the next day; the following day


痴長

/ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʰiː⁵⁵ t͡sœːŋ³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʰiː⁵⁵ t͡sœːŋ³⁵/


夜間子

/i̯a̠²¹⁻¹¹ ka̠³ t͡sz̩³/

/i̯a̠²¹⁻¹¹ xa̠³ t͡sz̩³/

/i̯a̠²¹⁻¹¹ ka̠³ t͡sz̩³/

/i̯a̠²¹⁻¹¹ xa̠³ t͡sz̩³/


夜點

(Nanjing Mandarin, Meixian and Yudu Hakka) late-night snack; supper


夜點心

/ɦia²² ti⁵⁵ ɕiŋ³¹/

/ɦia²² te⁵⁵ ɕiŋ³¹/

/ɦia²² ti⁵⁵ ɕiŋ³¹/

/ɦia²² te⁵⁵ ɕiŋ³¹/

(Suzhounese and Ningbonese) late-night snack; supper


𪐀噠

/n̠ʲi̯a̠¹³ ta̠³/

/n̠ʲi̯a̠¹³ ta̠³/

(Xiang) at once; immediately; without delay; in a minute; soon


今晡暗

/kim⁴⁴ pu⁴⁴⁻³⁵ am⁵³/

/kin⁴⁴ pu⁴⁴⁻³⁵ am⁵³/

/kim⁴⁴ pu⁴⁴⁻³⁵ am⁵³/

/kin⁴⁴ pu⁴⁴⁻³⁵ am⁵³/


今晡夜

/kim⁴⁴ pu⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ia⁵³/

/kin⁴⁴ pu⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ia⁵³/

/kim⁴⁴ pu⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ia⁵³/

/kin⁴⁴ pu⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ia⁵³/


歲杪

/su̯eɪ̯⁵¹ mi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sɵy̯³³ miːu̯¹³/

/su̯eɪ̯⁵¹ mi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sɵy̯³³ miːu̯¹³/


歲末

/su̯eɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ mu̯ɔ⁵¹/

/sɵy̯³³ muːt̚²/

/su̯eɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ mu̯ɔ⁵¹/

/sɵy̯³³ muːt̚²/


歲尾

/su̯eɪ̯⁵¹ weɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/su̯eɪ̯⁵¹ weɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


零時

/liŋ³⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/lɪŋ²¹ siː²¹/

/liɪŋ²⁴⁻²² si²⁴/

/liɪŋ²⁴⁻²² si²⁴/

/liɪŋ¹³⁻²² si¹³/

/liɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ si²⁴/

/liɪŋ²³⁻³³ si²³/

/liŋ³⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/lɪŋ²¹ siː²¹/

/liɪŋ²⁴⁻²² si²⁴/

/liɪŋ²⁴⁻²² si²⁴/

/liɪŋ¹³⁻²² si¹³/

/liɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ si²⁴/

/liɪŋ²³⁻³³ si²³/


別工

/pat̚⁴⁻³² kaŋ⁴⁴/

/pat̚⁴⁻¹ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/pat̚⁴⁻³² kaŋ⁴⁴/

/pat̚⁴⁻¹ kaŋ⁴⁴/

(Taiwanese Hokkien) another day in the future


另工

/liɪŋ³³⁻²¹ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/liɪŋ³³⁻¹¹ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/liɪŋ³³⁻²¹ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/liɪŋ³³⁻¹¹ kaŋ⁴⁴/


九重陽

gao³ doeng² ieo² [Phonetic:gao² lung⁵ nieo²]

/kau⁴⁵³⁻¹³ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾luŋ¹³⁻²¹ ^((Ø-))nieu¹³/

gao³ dyeng² iuⁿ² [Phonetic:gao¹ ling⁵ niu²]

/kau³³²⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾liŋ¹³⁻²¹ ^((Ø-))niu¹³/

/kau⁴⁵³⁻¹³ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾luŋ¹³⁻²¹ ^((Ø-))nieu¹³/

/kau³³²⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾liŋ¹³⁻²¹ ^((Ø-))niu¹³/

Double Ninth Festival
Double Ninth Festival


重陽日

/ʈ͡ʂʰʊŋ³⁵ jɑŋ³⁵ ʐ̩⁵¹/

/t͡sʰʊŋ²¹ jœːŋ²¹ jɐt̚²/

/ʈ͡ʂʰʊŋ³⁵ jɑŋ³⁵ ʐ̩⁵¹/

/t͡sʰʊŋ²¹ jœːŋ²¹ jɐt̚²/

(literary) Synonym of 重陽 /重阳 (Chóngyáng), the Double Ninth Festival


紅囝

/aŋ¹³⁻²¹ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋyɒ⁴⁵³/

/aŋ¹³⁻²¹ kỹã³³²/

/aŋ¹³⁻²¹ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋyɒ⁴⁵³/

/aŋ¹³⁻²¹ kỹã³³²/

(Puxian Min) newborn baby; neonate; infant


紅囝囝

ang² gyaⁿ³ gyaⁿ³ [Phonetic:ang⁵ gyaⁿ⁵ yaⁿ³]

/aŋ¹³⁻²¹ kỹã³³²⁻²¹ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ỹã³³²/

/aŋ¹³⁻²¹ kỹã³³²⁻²¹ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ỹã³³²/


年暝兜

ning² ma² dao¹ [Phonetic:ning⁵ ma⁵ lao¹]

/niŋ¹³⁻²¹ ma¹³⁻²¹ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾lau⁵³³/

ning² ma² dao¹ [Phonetic:ning¹ ma⁵ nao¹]

/niŋ¹³⁻⁵⁵ ma¹³⁻²¹ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾nau⁵³³/

/niŋ¹³⁻²¹ ma¹³⁻²¹ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾lau⁵³³/

/niŋ¹³⁻⁵⁵ ma¹³⁻²¹ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾nau⁵³³/

(Eastern Min, Puxian Min) the end of the year; the year's end; the year-end period


年暝內

/niŋ¹³⁻²¹ ma¹³⁻⁴² li²¹/

/niŋ¹³⁻²¹ ma¹³⁻⁴² li²¹/

/niŋ¹³⁻²¹ ma¹³⁻⁴² li²¹/

(Puxian Min) the end of the year; the year's end; the year-end period


年透世

ning² tao⁴ se⁴ [Phonetic:ning² tao¹ le⁴]


獨立日

/tu³⁵ li⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʐ̩⁵¹/

/tu³⁵ li⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʐ̩⁵¹/


雪天使

/ɕy̯ɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ɕy̯ɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


古清朝代

gou³ cing¹ dieo² dai⁵ [Phonetic:gou³ cing⁵ nieo⁴ lai⁵]

/kɔu³³² t͡sʰiŋ⁵³³⁻²¹ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾nieu¹³⁻⁴² ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾lai²¹/

(Xianyou Puxian Min) ancient times; long time ago


舊年暝

/ku²¹ niŋ¹³⁻²¹ ma¹³/

/ku²¹ niŋ¹³⁻²¹ ma¹³/


宋朝代

sorng⁴ dieo² dai⁵ [Phonetic:sorng⁴ dieo⁴ lai⁵]

/ɬɒŋ⁴² tieu¹³⁻⁴² ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾lai²¹/

/ɬɒŋ⁴² tieu¹³⁻⁴² ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾lai²¹/


紅毛清明

/aŋ²³⁻²¹ mɔ²³⁻²¹ t͡sʰeŋ³³⁻²¹ beŋ²³/

/aŋ²³⁻²¹ mɔ²³⁻²¹ t͡sʰeŋ³³⁻²¹ beŋ²³/

(Penang Hokkien) All Souls' Day (Christian feast day)


春浪

/t͡sʰən⁵⁵ lɑ̃²¹/

/t͡sʰən⁵⁵ lɑ̃²¹/


格林尼治標準時間

ㄍㄜˊ ㄌㄧㄣˊ ㄋㄧˊ ㄓˋ ㄅㄧㄠ ㄓㄨㄣˇ ㄕˊ ㄐㄧㄢ

Гэлиньничжи бяочжунь шицзянь

/kɤ³⁵ lin³⁵ ni³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹ pi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂu̯ən²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵/


格林尼治平均時間

ㄍㄜˊ ㄌㄧㄣˊ ㄋㄧˊ ㄓˋ ㄆㄧㄥˊ ㄐㄩㄣ ㄕˊ ㄐㄧㄢ

Гэлиньничжи пинцзюнь шицзянь

/kɤ³⁵ lin³⁵ ni³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹ pʰiŋ³⁵ t͡ɕyn⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵/


格林威治標準時間

ㄍㄜˊ ㄌㄧㄣˊ ㄨㄟ ㄓˋ ㄅㄧㄠ ㄓㄨㄣˇ ㄕˊ ㄐㄧㄢ

Гэлиньвэйчжи бяочжунь шицзянь

/kɤ³⁵ lin³⁵ weɪ̯⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹ pi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂu̯ən²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵/


月裡囝

/kuei²¹ li⁴⁵³⁻²¹ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾yɒ⁴⁵³/

/kuei²¹ li³³²⁻²¹ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ã³³²/

/kuei²¹ li⁴⁵³⁻²¹ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾yɒ⁴⁵³/

/kuei²¹ li³³²⁻²¹ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ã³³²/

(Puxian Min) a baby who is not yet one month old


農家曆

ㄋㄨㄥˊ ㄐㄧㄚ ㄌㄧˋ

/nʊŋ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ li⁵¹/

/nʊŋ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ li⁵¹/

Chinese calendar almanac (used for astrological and agricultural purposes)


曆本

/li⁵¹ pən²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/li⁵¹ pən²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


農民曆

ㄋㄨㄥˊ ㄇㄧㄣˊ ㄌㄧˋ

/nʊŋ³⁵ min³⁵ li⁵¹/

/lɔŋ²³⁻³³ bin²³⁻³³ liɪk̚⁴/

/lɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ bin²⁴⁻¹¹ liɪk̚⁴/

/nʊŋ³⁵ min³⁵ li⁵¹/

/lɔŋ²³⁻³³ bin²³⁻³³ liɪk̚⁴/

/lɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ bin²⁴⁻¹¹ liɪk̚⁴/

(Taiwan) Chinese calendar almanac (used for astrological and agricultural purposes)


上前日

/ɕi̯an³²⁴ t͡ɕi̯ɛn¹¹ ʑ̊i¹¹/

/ɕi̯an³²⁴ t͡ɕi̯ɛn¹¹ ʑ̊i¹¹/


外後日

/u̯ai̯²¹³ ɣ̊ɘu̯²¹³⁻³¹ ʑ̊i¹¹/

/u̯ai̯²¹³ ɣ̊ɘu̯²¹³⁻³¹ ʑ̊i¹¹/


夜巴

/i̯ä²¹³⁻³¹ pä³/

/i̯ä²¹³⁻³¹ pä³/


今夜巴

/t͡ɕin⁴⁴⁵ i̯ä²¹³⁻³¹ pä³/

/t͡ɕin⁴⁴⁵ i̯ä²¹³⁻³¹ pä³/


昨夜巴

/d̥͡z̥o¹¹ i̯ä²¹³⁻³¹ pä³/

/d̥͡z̥o¹¹ i̯ä²¹³⁻³¹ pä³/


暗暝時

/aŋ⁴²⁻⁵⁵ ma¹³⁻²¹ ^((ɬ-))ni¹³/

/aŋ⁴²⁻⁵⁵ ma¹³⁻²¹ ^((ɬ-))ni¹³/


漢魏

/xän⁵¹⁻⁵³ weɪ̯⁵¹/

/xän⁵¹⁻⁵³ weɪ̯⁵¹/

the Han (202 BCE–220 CE) through Wei (220–266 CE) dynasties


歲暮

/su̯eɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ mu⁵¹/

/su̯eɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ mu⁵¹/

The sturdy teeth of my youth failed to endure;
As my years advance, I am oft filled with poignant lament.

c. about 300, Zuo Si (左思), Miscellaneous Poems（《雜詩》）

Zhuàng chǐ bù héng jū, suìmù cháng kǎikāng.

壯齒不恒居，歲暮常慨慷。

壮齿不恒居，岁暮常慨慷。


年料

(Northern Min) Chinese New Year goods (Spring Festival goods; special purchases for the Spring Festival)


下元節

ㄒㄧㄚˋ ㄩㄢˊ ㄐㄧㄝˊ

/ɕi̯ä⁵¹ ɥɛn³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵/

/ɕi̯ä⁵¹ ɥɛn³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵/


下元

/ɕi̯ä⁵¹ ɥɛn³⁵/

/ha³³⁻¹¹ ɡuan²⁴/

/ha³³⁻²¹ ɡuan²³/

/ha²²⁻²¹ ɡuan²⁴/

/hɛ²²⁻²¹ ɡuan¹³/

/ɕi̯ä⁵¹ ɥɛn³⁵/

/ha³³⁻¹¹ ɡuan²⁴/

/ha³³⁻²¹ ɡuan²³/

/ha²²⁻²¹ ɡuan²⁴/

/hɛ²²⁻²¹ ɡuan¹³/


暗頭大幼

/am⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ tʰau²⁴⁻²² tua⁴¹⁻²² iu⁴¹/

/am⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ tʰau²⁴⁻²² tua⁴¹⁻²² iu⁴¹/

(Jinjiang Hokkien) late at night; deep of the night; the middle of the night


往年仔

/iɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ nĩ¹³⁻²² a⁵³/

/iɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ nĩ¹³⁻²² a⁵³/


往年時

/vɔŋ¹³ nin²¹ si²¹⁻³⁵/

/vɔŋ¹³ nin²¹ si²¹⁻³⁵/


往常時

/iɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ si²⁴/

/iɪŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ siɔŋ²³⁻³³ si²³/

/iɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siɔŋ²⁴⁻²² si²⁴/

/ɔŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ siɔŋ²⁴⁻²² si²⁴/

/ɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siɔŋ²⁴⁻²² si²⁴/

/iɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ si²⁴/

/iɪŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ siɔŋ²³⁻³³ si²³/

/iɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siɔŋ²⁴⁻²² si²⁴/

/ɔŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ siɔŋ²⁴⁻²² si²⁴/

/ɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siɔŋ²⁴⁻²² si²⁴/

(Xiamen, Quanzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) the past; in the past


往當時

/iɪŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ taŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ si²³/

/iɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ taŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ si²⁴/

/iɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ taŋ⁴⁴⁻²² si²⁴/

/iɪŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ taŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ si²³/

/iɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ taŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ si²⁴/

/iɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ taŋ⁴⁴⁻²² si²⁴/

(Xiamen and Taiwanese Hokkien) the past; in the past


往日仔

/iɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ d͡zit̚¹²¹⁻²¹ a⁵³/

/iɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ d͡zit̚¹²¹⁻²¹ a⁵³/

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) days past; former times


天光早

/tʰĩ⁴⁴⁻²² kŋ̍⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sa⁵³/

/tʰĩ³³ kŋ̍³³ t͡sa⁵⁵⁴/

/tʰĩ⁴⁴⁻²² kuĩ⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sa⁵³/

/tʰĩ⁴⁴⁻²² kŋ̍⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sa⁵³/

/tʰĩ³³ kŋ̍³³ t͡sa⁵⁵⁴/

/tʰĩ⁴⁴⁻²² kuĩ⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sa⁵³/


那陣

/na²¹³ t͡sən²¹³/

/na²¹³ t͡sən²¹³/

(Chengdu Sichuanese) at that time; in those days; back then


那咱子

(Nanjing Mandarin) at that time; in those days; back then


許時間

/he²¹³⁻²¹ sz̩¹ kan⁴²/

/he²¹³⁻²¹ sz̩¹ kan⁴²/

(Gan) at that time; in those days; back then


許場中

/ˈhe²¹³⁻¹³ t͡sʰɔŋ²⁴ t͡suŋ⁴²/

/ˈhe²¹³⁻¹³ t͡sʰɔŋ²⁴ t͡suŋ⁴²/


該下仔

(Southern Sixian Hakka) at that time; in those days; back then


該央時

/ke⁵⁵ i̯oŋ²⁴ sɨ¹¹/

/ke⁵⁵ i̯oŋ²⁴ sɨ¹¹/

(Hakka) at that time; in those days; back then


該當時

/ke⁵⁵ toŋ²⁴ sɨ¹¹/

/kai⁵⁵ toŋ⁵³ ʃi⁵⁵/

/ke⁵⁵ toŋ²⁴ sɨ¹¹/

/kai⁵⁵ toŋ⁵³ ʃi⁵⁵/


兀霎霎

/vəʔ² sa⁴⁵ sa⁴⁵⁻⁵³/

/vəʔ² sa⁴⁵ sa⁴⁵⁻⁵³/

(Taiyuan Jin) at that time; in those days; back then


許𣆯

/hi³³⁻²¹ ouŋ⁵³/

/hi³³⁻²¹ ouŋ⁵³/

(Eastern Min) at that time; in those days; back then


嗰牌

/kɔː³⁵ pʰaːi̯²¹/

/kɔː³⁵ pʰaːi̯²¹/

(Cantonese) at that time; in those days; back then


奈會兒

(Xi'an and Xining Mandarin) at that time; in those days; back then


誤會兒

(Xi'an Mandarin) at that time; in those days; back then


那陣子

/nä⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂən⁵¹ d͡z̥z̩¹/

/laʔ⁵ ʈ͡ʂə̃⁴⁴ t͡sz̩/

/naː¹³ t͡sɐn²² siː³⁵/

/nä⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂən⁵¹ d͡z̥z̩¹/

/laʔ⁵ ʈ͡ʂə̃⁴⁴ t͡sz̩/

/naː¹³ t͡sɐn²² siː³⁵/

(colloquial) during that period of time; in those days; back then


那一陣子

/laʔ⁵ iʔ ʈ͡ʂə̃⁴⁴ t͡sz̩/

/laʔ⁵ iʔ ʈ͡ʂə̃⁴⁴ t͡sz̩/

(Liuzhou and Nanjing Mandarin) during that period of time; in those days; back then


那陣兒

/nä⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂəɻ⁵¹/

/naː¹³ t͡sɐn²² jiː²¹/

/nä⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂəɻ⁵¹/

/naː¹³ t͡sɐn²² jiː²¹/


那會子

/nä⁵¹⁻⁵³ xu̯eɪ̯⁵¹ d͡z̥z̩¹/

/naː¹³ wuːi̯²² t͡siː³⁵/

/nä⁵¹⁻⁵³ xu̯eɪ̯⁵¹ d͡z̥z̩¹/

/naː¹³ wuːi̯²² t͡siː³⁵/


彼久

/hit̚⁵⁻²⁴ ku⁵⁵⁴/

/hit̚⁵⁻²⁴ ku⁵⁵⁴/

(Jinjiang Hokkien) at that time; in those days; back then


斯當時

/su⁴⁴⁻³³ tɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ si²⁴/

/su⁴⁴⁻³³ tɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ si²³/

/su⁴⁴⁻³³ tɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ si²⁴/

/su⁴⁴⁻³³ tɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ si²³/

(Taiwanese Hokkien) at that time; in those days; back then


彼當陣

/hit̚³²⁻⁴ taŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sun³³/

/hit̚³²⁻⁴ taŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sun³³/


向陣

/hiaŋ¹¹⁻⁵³ t͡sun³³/

/hiaŋ²¹⁻⁴¹ t͡sun³³/

/hiaŋ¹¹⁻⁵³ t͡sun³³/

/hiaŋ²¹⁻⁴¹ t͡sun³³/


當當時

/tŋ̍⁴⁴⁻³³ tɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ si²³/

/tŋ̍⁴⁴⁻³³ tɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ si²⁴/

/tŋ̍³³ taŋ³³ si²⁴/

/tŋ̍⁴⁴⁻³³ tɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ si²³/

/tŋ̍⁴⁴⁻³³ tɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ si²⁴/

/tŋ̍³³ taŋ³³ si²⁴/

(Taiwanese and Philippine Hokkien) at that time; in those days; back then


硩歲錢

/taʔ²⁴⁻²¹ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ui²¹³⁻⁵⁵ ^((t͡s-))ʒieŋ⁵³/

/taʔ²⁴⁻²¹ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ui²¹³⁻⁵⁵ ^((t͡s-))ʒieŋ⁵³/

(Eastern Min) money given to children during the Chinese New Year, usually in a red envelope


夾歲錢

/ˈkat̚⁵ sui³⁵ t͡ɕʰiɛn²⁴/

/ˈkat̚⁵ sui³⁵ t͡ɕʰiɛn²⁴/

(Nanchang Gan) money given to children during the Chinese New Year, usually in a red envelope


捱歲錢

/ŋa̠¹³ sy³⁵⁻⁵ d͡zĩ¹³⁻³³/

/ŋa̠¹³ sy³⁵⁻⁵ d͡zĩ¹³⁻³³/

(Loudi Xiang) money given to children during the Chinese New Year, usually in a red envelope


壓歲包

/əʔ⁴⁴ sɛ³³ pɑu⁵⁵/

/əʔ⁴⁴ sɛ³³ pɑu⁵⁵/

(Jinhua Wu and Wenzhounese) money given to children during the Chinese New Year, usually in a red envelope


押歲錢

/iaʔ⁵ suəi⁴⁴ t͡ɕʰiẽ²⁴/

/iaʔ⁵ suəi⁴⁴ t͡ɕʰiẽ²⁴/

(Nanjing Mandarin) money given to children during the Chinese New Year, usually in a red envelope


冬季運動

ㄉㄨㄥ ㄐㄧˋ ㄩㄣˋ ㄉㄨㄥˋ

дунцзи юньдун

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi⁵¹⁻⁵³ yn⁵¹⁻⁵³ tʊŋ⁵¹/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi⁵¹⁻⁵³ yn⁵¹⁻⁵³ tʊŋ⁵¹/


彼陣仔

/hit̚³²⁻⁴ t͡sun³³⁻¹¹ a⁵³/

/hit̚³²⁻⁴ t͡sun³³⁻¹¹ a⁵³/

(Tainan Hokkien) at that time; in those days; back then


彼當時仔

/hit̚³²⁻⁴ tɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ si²⁴⁻³³ a⁵³/

/hit̚³²⁻⁴ tɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ si²⁴⁻³³ a⁵³/


年房

/ŋian¹¹ fɔŋ¹¹/

/ŋian¹¹ fɔŋ¹¹/


年勢

/n̠ʲi²² sz̩⁴⁴/

/n̠ʲi²² sz̩⁴⁴/


前仔

(Tainan Hokkien) earlier times; formerly; previously


前暗

/t͡siɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ am¹¹/

/t͡siɪŋ²⁴⁻³³ am²¹/

/t͡siɪŋ²³⁻³³ am²¹/

/t͡siɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ am¹¹/

/t͡siɪŋ²⁴⁻³³ am²¹/

/t͡siɪŋ²³⁻³³ am²¹/

(Taiwanese Hokkien) the evening before last night; the evening before yesterday


普珥節

/pʰu²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵/

/pʰu²⁴ ŋi³¹ t͡si̯et̚²/

/pʰu²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵/

/pʰu²⁴ ŋi³¹ t͡si̯et̚²/