A

From the letter A of the English pattern playing cards. Various names exist for this symbol in the spoken language.
; Mandarin jiān
; Cantonese jin1


馬

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (馬):
* → Japanese: 馬(ば) (ba)
* → Korean: 마(馬) (ma)
* → Vietnamese: mã (馬, “(xiangqi) horse; (chess) knight”)

desctree

→ Proto-Tai: *maːꟲ (“horse”)
Northern Tai
Bouyei: max
Zhuang: max
Central Tai
Tày: mạ
Nùng: mạ
Nong Zhuang: max
Proto-Southwestern Tai:
Ahom: 𑜉𑜠 (ma), 𑜉𑜡 (mā), 𑜉𑜡𑜠 (māa)
Thai: ม้า (máa)
Northern Thai: ᨾ᩶ᩣ
Lao: ມ້າ (mā)
Lü: ᦙᦱᧉ (maa²)
Tai Dam: ꪣ꫁ꪱ
Shan: မႃႉ (mâ̰a)
Tai Nüa: ᥛᥣᥳ (mȧa)

desc

→ Thai: เบ๊ (bée, “horse”) (via Teochew)

Cursive script (East Asia)
Semi-cursive script

Pictogram (象形) – a horse with its head facing the left, showing a flowing mane in the wind. In the bronze inscriptions, the head was often simplified into an eye (目 (mù)). The legs eventually evolved into four dots (灬 (huǒ), unrelated to 火 (huǒ)).
Contrast with 鹿 (lù, “deer”), which saw a very different development, and 𢊁 (as in 薦 /荐 (jiàn)), which is a hybrid: it has the legs of 馬 (灬 (huǒ)) but the head of 鹿 (lù).
“Horse” – from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *k-m-raŋ ~ s-raŋ. The sense of “big” is derived from “horse”; compare the English uses of horse.
For the insect prefix sense, see 螞 /蚂. It has converged with the sense of “big”.
The surname is popularly known to be prevalent among Hui Muslims, where it is likely derived from Arabic مُحَمَّد (muḥammad, “Muhammad”), although the surname 馬 itself predates Islam.

马
𫠉
傌
𢒗
𢒠
𢒧
𩡬
𩡮
抹
碼

阿胡拉·馬茲達

Āhúlā Mǎzīdá

阿胡拉·马兹达

Āhúlā Mǎzīdá

馬斯特里赫特

Mǎsītèlǐhètè

(xiangqi) knight; horse: 🩪 (sometimes only on the black side)


車

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (車):
* → Japanese: 車(しゃ) (sha)
* → Korean: 차(車) (cha), 거(車) (geo)
* → Vietnamese: xa (車)

→ Vietnamese: xe (車, “wheeled vehicle”)

→ Zhuang: ci (“vehicle”)

Pictogram (象形) – originally a carriage seen from above. In the oracle bone script, there were large wheels on both sides and a sun shade on the top. Later, when Chinese characters were written vertically, the wheels on both sides were simply drawn in strokes and the loading area was marked with a 田 (OC *l'iːŋ). Therefore, it is important to understand that the current character, 車 (OC *kʰlja, *kla) is a vertical depiction of a carriage.
Note that 倝 (OC *kaːns) and 朝 (OC *ʔr'ew, *r'ew) are not derived from 車 (OC *kʰlja, *kla).
Perhaps a loan from an Indo-European language because the horse and chariot were introduced into China around 1200 BC from Inner Asia; compare Tocharian A kukäl, Tocharian B kokale (“wagon; cart”) (Mair, 1990, Bauer, 1994), from Proto-Tocharian *kuk(ä)le, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷékʷlos, a form of *kʷel- (“to turn”). Cognate with English wheel, Ancient Greek κύκλος (kúklos), Lithuanian kaklas (“neck”), etc.
An older variant survives in Mandarin 軲轆／轱辘 (gūlu, “wheel”) (Bauer, 1994). Alternatively, the word is a derivation by k-prefix from 舁 (OC *la, “to lift”) (Baxter and Sagart, 1998); compare the semantic parallel in Tibetan ཐེག་པ (theg pa, “vehicle; carriage”) (OC *kʰljaʔ, *kʰljas) and 居 (OC *kas) (Schuessler, 2007). Pronunciation 2 is traditionally regarded as the older pronunciation.
The sense of lewd content is derived from 老司機 /老司机 (lǎosījī).

cog

(xiangqi) chariot; rook: 🩫 (Classifier: 隻／只 c)


SL

ㄞˊ ˙ㄙ ㄞˊ ˙ㄌㄡ

/ˀaɪ̯³⁵ sz̩³ ˀaɪ̯³⁵ loʊ̯³/

/ˀaɪ̯³⁵ sz̩³ ˀaɪ̯³⁵ loʊ̯³/


蛇

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (蛇):
* → Japanese: 蛇(じゃ) (ja); 蛇(だ) (da)
* → Okinawan: 蛇(じゃー) (jā)
* → Korean: 사(蛇) (sa)
* → Vietnamese: xà (蛇)

Wutunhua: shai

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *l̥ʰaːl, *ɦljaːl, *lal): semantic 虫 + phonetic 它 (OC *l̥ʰaːl). 它 was also the original pictographic form of this character.
Unclear. Various theories have been proposed:
* Starostin sets up Proto-Sino-Tibetan *lăj (“snake”), comparing this with Mizo hlai-ba (“a species of snake”) and Jingpho palai (“a species of iguana”). He also compares it to Proto-Kam-Sui *dzuːi² (“snake”). Schuessler (2007) considers these Tibeto-Burman forms to be unrelated.
* Matisoff (2003) relates it to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-b/m-ruːl (“snake”), but this comparison is no longer held in STEDT.
* Sagart (2005) relates it to Proto-Loloish *lay¹/² (“python”), which STEDT derives from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g-lja(ŋ/k) (“python”), as well as Proto-Austronesian *bulay (“snake”). Comparison with the Austronesian form has been challenged by Orlandi (2018).
* Schuessler (2007) notes similarity to Proto-Hlai *ljaːɦ (“snake”) (from Pre-Hlai *Cilaːɦ) as well as to Austronesian words, such as Rade ala (“snake”), but considers the Kra-Dai forms to be possible borrowings from Chinese. (He does not seem to address the Austronesian forms directly.) In his view, a more likely relationship is with the /-lé/ in Khmer រលេ (rɔlei, “sinuously, in a twisting or wiggling manner (as a snake swimming)”). In Old Chinese, this also provides the second syllable in 委蛇 (OC *qrol lal, “winding; compliant; graceful”). 蛇 (“the winding thing”) is then a euphemism for common Sino-Tibetan 虺 (OC *hŋlulʔ, “snake”) for taboo reasons.
* Zhengzhang (2011) relates it to Proto-Austronesian *SulaR (“snake”).

och-l

它
虵
𢕷
𣙛
𤜣
𥝀
𧉮


象

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (象):
* → Japanese: 象(ぞう) (zō); 象(しょう) (shō)
* → Korean: 상(象) (sang)
* → Vietnamese: tượng (象)

→ Proto-Turkic:

→? Bulgar:

→? Chuvash: сӑлан (sălan)

→? Proto-Slavic: *slonъ

→ Common Turkic: *yaŋan

→ Old Uyghur: 𐽶𐽰𐽺𐽷𐽰 (yaŋa)

→ Western Yugur: yaŋan

→ Kalmyk: зан (zan)

→ Mongolian: заан (zaan)

→ Proto-Tai: *ɟaːŋꟲ (“elephant”)

Lao: ຊ້າງ (sāng)

Lü: ᦋᦱᧂᧉ (tsaang²)

Northern Thai: ᨩ᩶ᩣ᩠ᨦ (cang)

Saek: ซาง

Shan: ၸၢင်ႉ (tsâ̰ang)

Tai Dam: ꪋ꫁ꪱꪉ

Tai Nüa: ᥓᥣᥒᥳ (tsȧang)

Thai: ช้าง (cháang)

desc

→ Proto-Lolo-Burmese: *tsaŋ (“elephant”)

Burmese: ဆင် (hcang)

→ Proto-Monic: *ciiŋ ("elephant")

Mon: စိၚ် (coiŋ)

→ Proto-Vietic: *ʔa-ɟaːŋ (“elephant”)

/t͡sʰuɔŋ²⁴²/

/t͡sʰuɔŋ²⁴²/

Pictogram (象形) - pictographic representation of an elephant. ⺈ represents the trunk, 𫩏 represents the head, and 𧰨 represents the body.
This character is used to represent two semantic fields ‘elephant; tusk’ and ‘to outline; to depict; to delineate; to represent; to resemble; to map’. Both fields are found from the earliest layers of the edited literature onwards, whereas only the first meaning is amply attested in oracle bone inscriptions.
Traditionally, the two senses are treated as related, with the sense of ‘to depict; to resemble’ considered a derivative of the sense of ‘elephant’. The derivation from the ‘elephant’ meaning to the ‘likeness’ meaning is explained in Han Feizi First attested in c. 221 BCE: “Men rarely see living elephants. As they come by the skeleton of a dead elephant, they imagine its living form according to its features. Therefore it comes to pass that whatever people use for imagining the real is called 象.”
Modern etymology studies on Old Chinese have challenged this opinion.
As for the ‘elephant; tusk’ sense, this is a widely used area word in East and Southeast Asia. Literature opinions differ on the origin and immediate relationship of this Chinese word; some (e.g. Schuessler, 2007) believe the Chinese form is a loanword from a Southern language, since it is unlikely that peoples all over Southeast Asia and the Himalayan foothills would borrow a word from Northern China to denote an indigenous animal. Others believe the direction of borrowing is reversed (i.e. Tai-Kadai borrowing from Chinese), and that Chinese 象 should be compared with Tibetan གླང (glang), གླང་ཆེན (glang chen, “elephant”) arising from a common Proto-Sino-Tibetan *glaŋ (“ox, bull; elephant”), which may ultimately have an Austroasiatic origin (Behr, 2004). The second viewpoint is supported by the early attestation of this character and the archaeological findings of the historical ranges of elephants. However, Schuessler disputes that second viewpoint and links ST *glaŋ to 犅 (OC *klaːŋ, “ox, bull”).
See below for a tentative borrowing history of the various forms of this general area word.

inh

(xiangqi) elephant: 🩩 (on the black side) (Classifier: 隻／只 c)


士

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (士):
* → Japanese: 士(し) (shi)
* → Korean: 사(士) (sa)
* → Vietnamese: sĩ (士)

Pictogram (象形) – a war axe. Later, it took the meaning of "soldier" and eventually "officer, intellectual". Partly related to 王 since in at least two characters it should represent a ritual axe, perhaps made of jade: in fact, it is related to 圭 and 金 despite their appearence.
;"bachelor, man, male"
:*Reminiscent of Austroasiatic synonyms like Old Khmer si (“male”) or MK words for "man, male" like *ʔŋsiil, *ensir, *kəsəy on the Malay Peninsula; Schuessler (2007) noted that foreign *-r sometimes left traces in OC initial complex. These relations, if, valid, would keep 士₁ "bachelor, man, male" distinct from 士₂ "servant, retainer, officer, scholar".
;"take or give an office, serve", "servant", "retainer", "officer", "scholar"
:*Schuessler (2007) noted that one could naturally assume the semantic development "male > man > servant > to serve" in order to posit that 士₁ "bachelor, man, male" is the same word as 士₂ "servant, retainer, officer, scholar". Yet, the exopassive derivation 事 (OC *ʔsrɯs, *zrɯs) "assignment, affair, thing" and Tibeto-Burman counterparts demonstrated no association with "man, maleness"; & "male" hardly derives from "to serve".
:*Therefore, Schuessler derived these forms from 理 (OC *rɯʔ) "envoy, jail official, matchmaker" & proposed ultimate Austroasiatic origins. In terms of phonology, MC *dʐ- normally does not occur with *l- and *ʂ in an ST word-family, apparently confirming a non-ST provenance; however, MC *dʐ- here could go back to OC *s-r- (unlike MC *ʂ-, which is from OC *sr)
:*Subsequenly, Schuessler posited either relation to Austroasiatic or OC loan into Tibeto-Burman as Proto-Tibeto-Burman *ʔ-dzəj (“send on an errant”) (Matisoff, 2003), whence Burmese စာ (ca, “thing”) & Tibetan རྫས (rdzas, “thing, matter, object”) (Gong, 1999). Even so, Tibeto-Burman cognates of this etymon and 所 (suǒ) are difficult to distinguish.

cog

(xiangqi) adviser; guard; minister: 🩨 (usually only on the black side, in some sets on both red and black sides)


上

/t͡sʰuɔŋ²⁴²/

/t͡sʰuɔŋ²⁴²/

Ideogram (指事): a line above another (contrast 下 (xià)) — up. Originally written as 𠄞, but changed to this form to prevent confusion with 二 (èr).
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-tjaŋ (“top”). Cognate with Tibetan སྟེང (steng), Tibetan ཡང་རྩེ (yang rtse, “summit; pinnacle”) (Bodman, 1980), Mizo zo (“to be high”), zah (“to respect; to revere”) (STEDT).
Shijing rimes indicate occasional level tone for pronunciation 2 (Schuessler, 2007).
Pronunciation 1 is the exopassive of pronunciation 2 with suffix *-s, literally meaning "what has been raised" (Schuessler, 2007). The rising tone in Middle Chinese words with voiced stop initials regularly evolves into departing tone in Mandarin. Pronunciation 3 results from 叶韻 (xiéyùn), i.e. its pronunciation has been artificially changed to preserve rhymes in classical poetry.

GT - General Taiwanese (no specific region identified)

(mahjong, Cantonese) chow; to call a discarded tile to produce a chow


乒乓

/pʰiŋ⁵⁵ pʰɑŋ⁵⁵/

/pʰiŋ⁵⁵ pʰɑŋ²/

/pɪŋ⁵⁵ pɐm⁵⁵/

/pʰin⁵⁵ pʰoŋ⁵⁵/

/pʰin²⁴ pʰoŋ³¹/

/pin⁴⁴ pɔŋ⁴⁴/

/pʰin⁴⁴ pʰɔŋ⁴⁴/

/pʰin⁴⁴⁻²² pʰɔŋ⁴⁴/

/pʰin³³ pʰɔŋ³³/

/pʰin⁵³⁻⁴⁴ pʰɔŋ⁵³/

/pʰin⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ pʰɔŋ⁴¹/

/piŋ³³⁻²³ poŋ⁵⁵/

/pʰin⁵⁵ pʰã²¹/

/pʰiŋ⁵⁵ pʰɑŋ⁵⁵/

/pʰiŋ⁵⁵ pʰɑŋ²/

/pɪŋ⁵⁵ pɐm⁵⁵/

/pʰin⁵⁵ pʰoŋ⁵⁵/

/pʰin²⁴ pʰoŋ³¹/

/pin⁴⁴ pɔŋ⁴⁴/

/pʰin⁴⁴ pʰɔŋ⁴⁴/

/pʰin⁴⁴⁻²² pʰɔŋ⁴⁴/

/pʰin³³ pʰɔŋ³³/

/pʰin⁵³⁻⁴⁴ pʰɔŋ⁵³/

/pʰin⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ pʰɔŋ⁴¹/

/piŋ³³⁻²³ poŋ⁵⁵/

/pʰin⁵⁵ pʰã²¹/

Graphical manipulations on 兵 (bīng, “soldier”).
A similar-sounding onomatopoeia to the source character 兵 (bīng, “soldier”). First attested in the Ming Dynasty, referring to the sound of collisions (for example, in 西遊記／西游记 (Xīyóujì, “Journey to the West”)). Later used as a translation of English ping pong.


仕

See 士 "servant, retainer, officer, scholar, gentleman"

(xiangqi) adviser; guard; minister: 🩡 (on the red side)


佾

eight rows of eight dancers (mentioned in the Analects)

八佾

(historical) a row of dancers during a sacrificial rite


傌

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *mraːs): semantic 亻 (“person”) + phonetic 馬 (OC *mraːʔ).

Han compound

(xiangqi) horse; knight: 🩣 (on the red side)


傌

(historical) a kind of punishment during the Han Dynasty


兵

Ideogrammic compound (會意 /会意): 斤 (“a short axe”) + 廾 (“2 hands”) – a pair of hands holding a weapon. Unrelated to 丘.

(xiangqi) pawn; private; soldier: 🩦 (on the red side)


到

遘
告
至
甲
各
格
𢓜
佫
徦
假
臵

(Hokkien, mahjong, playing cards) to complete a winning hand


刷

/t͡sʰaːt̚³⁻³⁵/

/t͡sʰat̚³³⁻²¹⁵/

/t͡sʰaːt̚³⁻³⁵/

/t͡sʰat̚³³⁻²¹⁵/

Perhaps from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s(u/i)t (“to wipe, sweep, rub, scrub”) (STEDT). Cognate with Tibetan བཤུད (bshud, “to wipe”), Burmese သုတ် (sut, “idem”) (though STEDT mistakenly puts down 恤 (OC *sqʰʷiɡ, “to sympathize, compensate”) for the Chinese character instead).

och-l

刷錢／刷钱

刷車器／刷车器 ― shuā chē qì ― car spawner


包

Sino-Xenic (包):
* → Vietnamese: bao (包)

→ English: bao, bau, bow, pao, pau

⇒ Khmer: នំប៉ាវ (num paaw)

⇒ Lao: ກະລາເປົ໋າ (ka lā pao)

→ Malay: pau

⇒ Thai: ซาลาเปา (saa-laa-bpao)

Pictogram (象形) – a fetus (巳 (sì)) in the womb (勹), or a swaddled baby. Shuowen gives both interpretations.


卒

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (卒):
* → Japanese: 卒(そつ) (sotsu)
* → Korean: 졸(卒) (jol)
* → Vietnamese: tốt (卒)

There were 5 forms of 卒 in Shang oracle bone script (Qiu, 1990; Xuan, 2012):
# : same as 衣 (“clothes”) (> Western Zhou bronze script );
# : a crisscross 衣 - a completed clothing;
# (卒): ideogrammic compound (會意 /会意): 衣 (“clothes”) with a mark - a completed clothing to be folded (> Warring States bronze script ; Chu slip and silk script );
# (𧙻): phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声): 衣 (“clothes”) + 聿 (OC *b·lud) (hand (又) holding a brush);
# ,: 𧙻 having 又 omitted.
The brush shape in form (5) was often placed upside down. Later the inverted brush shape was mistaken as 又 and then moved to the top as in Chu slip and silk script (𰠄) to avoid obscuration with 袁 (衣 + 又) (Xuan, 2012).
From 遭 (OC *ʔsluː, “to meet”) + nominal suffix *-t (Schuessler, 2007).

(xiangqi) pawn; private; soldier: 🩭 (on the black side)


吃

Wutunhua: qe

→ Japanese: 吃(チー) (chī)

/t͡ɕʰi̯a̠²⁴/

/t͡ɕʰi̯a̠²⁴/

Phono-semantic compound 形聲 /形声 (xíngshēng): semantic 口 (kǒu) + phonetic 乞 (OC *kʰɯds, *kʰɯd).
Its original meaning is "to stutter", hence, the phonetic component could add part of the meaning since it has the phonetically borrowed meaning of "begging" (i.e., trying to talk but with difficulties).
According to folk etymologies, 乞 in this character indicates that, while stuttering, less air comes from the mouth (compare 气, which has more traits). However, 乞 is simply a variant of 气, it originally meant "air" and was later borrowed to indicate "begging", therefore it didn't mean "less air; to stutter" or similar words and expressions.

吃得苦中苦，方為人上人 / 吃得苦中苦，方为人上人

chī de kǔ zhōng kǔ, fāng wéi rén shàng rén


合

Sino-Xenic (合):
* → Vietnamese: hợp (合)

Burmese language
Proto-Sino-Tibetan language

Ideogrammic compound (會意 /会意): 亼 + 口 (“mouth”) : Two mouths speaking together. See also 會.
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *gap ~ kap. Compare 蓋 (OC *kaːbs, *kaːb, *ɡaːb, “to cover”) and 盍 (OC *ɡaːb, “to unite”) (STEDT). Outside of Sinitic, possibly cognate with Burmese ကပ် (kap, “to approach”).


后

Oracle bone inscriptions often wrote 后 as 毓, depicting a woman giving birth. Wang Guowei posits the meaning extended from childbirth to succession, then to empress. In the modern form, the birthing figure would be 𠂆 and the child figure 𠮛.
According to Kōjien and 学研漢和大字典, ideogrammic compound (會意 /会意): 人 (“person (variant form)”) + 口 (“hole”) — a depiction of a person's (人) anus, with the additional meaning of “behind”, “rear”, as well as coming to mean “emperor/empress”, who would live in a palace “behind” worldly troubles.
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m/s-gaw (“head”). Cognate with Tibetan གོ (go, “head; headman”), མགོ (mgo, “head, top, beginning”).


呢

吶
膩
逆
爾
邇
le
年
哖

(Hong Kong Cantonese, gaming) levels (in a video game)


和

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *ɡoːl, *ɡoːls): phonetic 禾 (OC *ɡoːl) + semantic 口 (“mouth”) – harmony. The original version was 龢, with the radical of the flute 𠎤 (> 龠) in its either archaic or contracted version perhaps to indicate the abstract concept of harmony through harmony in music.
; “and; with”
; “Japanese”

Han compound

和牌


啄

drive a hard bargain
drive a hard bargain

(Hokkien, business, gambling) to drive a hard bargain; to economically take advantage of; to exploit economically; to penny-pinch; to profiteer; to swindle; to cheat; to be stingy/miserly with (such as overpricing to favor sellers or undervaluing to favor buyers)


嗊

(xiangqi, Hokkien) general or marshal; the king piece (on the black side) or the chief piece (on the red side)


夫

For pronunciation and definitions of 夫 – see 伕.
(This character is the second-round simplified form of 伕).
 Notes:
Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.
Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
Short for 夫佬 (fu¹ lou²).

zh-see

(Cantonese, informal, card games) full house


女

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (女):
* → Japanese: 女(じょ) (jo)
* → Korean: 여(女) (yeo)
* → Vietnamese: nữ (女)

Pictogram (象形): a woman with breasts kneeling or standing. In modern form turned on left side: enclosed area is remnant of left breast (character's left, depicted woman's right), while right breast has disappeared.
Graphically cognate to 母 (mǔ, “mother”) and 毋, which has developed similarly, but also includes dots for nipples and has retained both breasts. Compare Egyptian 𓁐.
Similar but unrelated to 卩, in which the person kneeling has unspecified gender.
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *nja-ŋ/k (“woman”). Compare Tibetan ཉག་མོ (nyag mo, “woman”) (Hill, 2019).
Pronunciation 2 is an exoactive derivation of pronunciation 1 (Schuessler, 2007).

(Cantonese, card games) queen (Classifier: 張／张 c; 隻／只 c)


寄

→ Vietnamese: gửi

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *krals): semantic 宀 (“house”) + phonetic 奇 (OC *kral, *ɡral) ― living away from home.
;"to commit to one's charge" (Lunyu), "to entrust, communicate" (Liji), > "send (a letter)"
;"translator, interpreter" > "an alternate name used for the Dongyi tribes during the Ming Dynasty"


寶

Oracle bone script: Ideogrammic compound (會意 /会意): 宀 (“house”) + 𤣩 (“jade”) + 貝 (“cowry”) – treasures in a house.
The phonetic component 缶 (OC *puʔ) was added to the character in bronze inscriptions.
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *pəw (“price”); cognate with Burmese အဖိုး (a.hpui:, “price”) (Schuessler, 2007; STEDT). Peiros and Starostin (1996) also compares it to Tibetan སྤུས (spus, “goods”). Sagart (1999) relates it to 富 (OC *pɯɡs, “rich”). Schuessler (2007) proposes that it could be the same word as 保 (OC *puːʔ, “to take care of; to consider something precious”).

och-l

宝
*寳
珤
𤥖
㻄
𡧖
宲
𡩧
𡧰
寚
𪧬
𡪓
𡫷
𤥯
𤨷
𠋾
𠍙
𢉣
𢉔
𢉹
𫴫
𫴦
𫴅
𡫿
𡫷
𫳽
𭔟
靌
𩇉


將

Ideogrammic compound (會意 /会意): semantic 爿 (“bed; small table”) + semantic ⺼ (“meat”) + semantic 寸 (“hand”) – to offer meat as tribute by putting it on a small cutting board and/or sacrifical table. 爿 partly indicates pronunciation and doesn't represent a bed in this character. The sacrifical meat and the hand together form the shape 𪧷, which is similar but unrelated to 有.
The ⺼ component is on its side, hence resembles 夕 with an added dot; compare 祭, 然.
Shuowen erroneously considers the phonetic component of 將 to be 醬 (OC *ʔsaŋs, “sauce”) (abbreviated).
A conflation of two roots: “to take; to hold” and “will; be going to; near”.
; “to take; to hold” (Pronunciations 1, 2 and 3)
; “will; be going to; near” (Pronunciation 1)
; anteposed object introductory particle

Han compound

將死

将死


將

(xiangqi) general; king: 🩧 (on the black side)


尖

小 (“small”) + 大 (“large”) – the width of an object gradually changing from small to large.
Schuessler (2007) relates it to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *sjam (“iron”).


帥

Ideogrammic compound (會意 /会意): 寻 (“two hands”) + 巾 (“scarf”) - to wear a scarf. Shuowen Jiezi interprets it as Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *sruds, *srud): phonetic 𠂤 (*C.tˤuj) + semantic 巾.
Also written as 率 (OC *sruds, *rud, *srud, “to lead”); both represent the s-causative of 律 (OC *rud, “to follow”). Cognate with Tibetan སྲིད (srid, “commander, leader”).

cog

(xiangqi) marshal: 🩠, the chief piece (on the red side)


征

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *tjeŋ): semantic 彳 + phonetic 正 (OC *tjeŋ, *tjeŋs, “straight”). Also ideogrammic compound (會意 /会意).
Simplified from 徵 (徵 → 正) as well as existing already as a traditional character.
From 正 (OC *tjeŋ, *tjeŋs, “straight”); see there for more.


怪

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (怪):
* → Japanese: 怪(かい) (kai)
* → Vietnamese: quái (怪)

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *kruːds): semantic 忄 + phonetic 圣 (OC *kʰuːd).
怪 (OC *kwrêh; *kwêh) seemingly had the same OC rhyme as 傀 (OC *kûi); They may be variants (Schuessler, 2007).

Han compound

打怪

non-player character
non-player character

(video games) Short for 怪物 (guàiwu, “monster, a non-player character that player(s) fight against in role-playing games”).


抽

desc

→ Mongolian: татах (tatax, “to inhale”) (semantic loan)

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *l̥ʰɯw): semantic 扌 (“hand”) + phonetic 由 (OC *lɯw).
The slang sense is short for 抽風／抽风 (chōufēng).

Han compound

將軍抽車

将军抽车


掛

挂
挂
罣
𦊱
絓
𫭳
𭁹

被難

to be killed in a disaster, political incident

(video games) cheating plug-in or software


插

(Mainland China Hokkien, card games) to shuffle


服

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (服):
* → Japanese: 服(ふく) (fuku)
* → Korean: 복(服) (bok)
* → Vietnamese: phục (服)

Characters in the same phonetic series (服) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *bɯɡ): semantic 凡 (“tray”) + phonetic 𠬝 (*[b]ək, “to subdue”) – to serve. 凡 here has been corrupted into 舟 and subsequently 月.


棋

→ Lü: ᦌᦲᧉ (sii²)

/kʰei̯²¹⁻³⁵/

/kʰei²²⁻²²⁵/

/kʰei̯²¹⁻³⁵/

/kʰei²²⁻²²⁵/

Characters in the same phonetic series (其) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *ɡɯ): semantic 木 (“wooden”) + phonetic 其 (OC *kɯ, *ɡɯ).

Han compound

我們連下了三局棋。

我们连下了三局棋。

board game, usually excluding those played with cards (牌 (pái))

an instance of playing such games (Classifier: 局; 盤／盘)

落棋無悔／落棋无悔

You should not take back your (Go) stone once it is dropped.

Don't just only think of capturing the opponent's pieces.

不要光想著吃對方的棋。

不要光想着吃对方的棋。

In chess, each player has sixteen pieces.

Zài guójìxiàngqí zhōng, měirén yǒu shíliù méi qí.

在國際象棋中，每人有十六枚棋。

在国际象棋中，每人有十六枚棋。

hai² gwok³ zai³ zoeng⁶ kei⁴⁻² dou⁶, mui⁵ jan⁴ jau⁵ sap⁶ luk⁶ zek³ kei⁴⁻².

喺國際象棋度，每人有十六隻棋。

喺国际象棋度，每人有十六只棋。

piece; counter used in such games (Classifier: 枚 m; 隻／只 c)

圍棋／围棋

跳棋 ― tiàoqí ― checkers

Reversi is a board game invented in the 19th century.

Hēibáiqí shì 19 shìjì fāmíng de yī zhǒng qí.

黑白棋是19世紀發明的一種棋。

黑白棋是19世纪发明的一种棋。


槓

English: kong

Japanese: 槓(カン) (kan)

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声): semantic 木 (“tree”) + phonetic 貢 (OC *koːŋs).


殺

In the oracle bone script, it was an ideogrammic compound (會意 /会意) of a boar that had been impaled in the head.
In the seal script, the original compound was corrupted into 𣏂 (sometimes written as 杀). It was also in the seal script that the pictogram (象形): 人 (“person”) + 又 (“right hand”), which was later corrupted into 殳 (“spear”) or 攴, was added under the head of the boar to specify the killing was done by a person.
The modern-day character inherits this and can be thought of as a phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *sreːds, *sreːd): phonetic 𣏂 () + semantic 殳 (“spear”).
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g/b-sat (“to kill”); compare Tibetan བསད (bsad), perfect of Tibetan གསོད (gsod, “to kill”), Proto-Lolo-Burmese *C-sat (“to kill”), Japhug sat (“to kill”) (STEDT; Schuessler, 2007; Zhang, Jacques and Lai, 2019).

Han compound

杀
𣏂
煞
閷
𢁛
𢽅
𢿹
𢽆
𢼡
𢿔
𢽘
𣪩
𧤿
𧜁

(chess) to mate; short for 將殺／将杀 (jiāngshā) ("to checkmate")


氪

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声): semantic 气 (“air; gas”) + phonetic 克 (kè).

(video games, informal) Short for 氪金 (kèjīn, “to pay a premium in a freemium game”).


注

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *tjos): semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 主 (OC *tjoʔ).
Perhaps cognate with 枓, whose original meaning is "spoon, ladle".

Han compound

賭注

赌注


洗

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *sɯːlʔ, *sɯːnʔ): semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 先 (OC *sɯːn, *sɯːns).
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m/b-s(j)il ~ *m/b-sjal (“to wash; to bathe”) (STEDT). Cognate with 洒 (OC *sraːls, *sɯːlʔ, “to wash”), Tibetan བསིལ (bsil, “to wash”), Mizo sil (“to wash”); more distant cognates may include Burmese ဆေး (hce:, “to wash”).

inh

洗牌

這些牌還沒洗過。

这些牌还没洗过。


漚

沤
吽
沤
沤
𣧥
臭
𣏓
𩈏
腐
惡

(Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien, gambling) to stake bets with the money won and earned in the match to get double or even more


炮

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (砲 /炮):
* → Japanese: 砲(ほう) (hō)
* → Korean: 포(砲) (po)
* → Vietnamese: pháo (砲)

→ Tuvan: боо (boo)

Mongolic:

→ Buryat: буу (buu)

→ Daur: pau

→ Dongxiang: pao

→ Kalmyk: бу (bu)

→ Mongolian: ᠪᠤᠤ (buu) / буу (buu)

Tungusic:

→ Manchu: ᡦᠣᠣ (poo)

→ Nanai: пао (pao)

→ Orok: пау (pau)

→ Ulch: пау

→ Nivkh: пʼау (pʼau)

Characters in the same phonetic series (勹) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *pʰruːs, *bruː): semantic 火 + phonetic 包 (OC *pruː).


煙

Short for 煙士 /烟士 (jin¹ si⁶⁻², “(card games) ace”).

烟
菸
𠖣
𤎟
𡨾
𠖜
𤏯
烟
烟
菸

啤煙／啤烟 [Cantonese] ― pe¹ jin¹ [Jyutping] ― pair of aces

(Cantonese, Liuzhou Mandarin, informal, card games) ace (Classifier: 隻／只 c; 條／条 c)


牌

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (牌):
* → Japanese: 牌(はい) (hai)
* → Korean: 패(牌) (pae)
* → Vietnamese: bài (牌)

desc

→ Burmese: ဖဲ (hpai:, “playing cards; game of cards”)

→ Khmer: បៀ (biə, “playing cards”)

→ Lao: ໄພ້ (phai, “playing cards”)

→ Lü: ᦘᦻᧉ (phaay², “playing cards”)

→ Shan: ၽၢႆႉ (phâ̰ai, “domino, playing cards”)

→ Thai: ไพ่ (pâi, “playing cards”)

→ White Hmong: phaib (“playing cards”)

→ Zhuang: bej (“playing cards”)

/pʰaːi̯²¹⁻³⁵/

/pʰaːi̯²¹⁻³⁵/

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *breː, *breː): semantic 片 + phonetic 卑 (OC *pe).

Han compound

打牌

洗牌

我就剩一張牌了！

我就剩一张牌了！

(card games, mahjong, dominoes) playing cards; cards; dominoes; mahjong; etc. (Classifier: 張／张 m c; 飛／飞 c)


王

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (王):
* → Japanese: 王(おう) (ō)
* → Okinawan: 王(をー) (wō)
* → Korean: 왕(王) (wang)
* → Vietnamese: vương (王)

desc

→ Classical Mongolian: ᠸᠠᠩ (wang) (via Mandarin)

Mongolian:

Mongolian script: ᠸᠠᠩ (wang)

Cyrillic script: ван (van)

→ Buryat: ван (van)

→ English: Wang (via Mandarin), Wong (via Cantonese), Ong (via Hokkien), Heng (via Teochew)

→ Iu Mien: hungh

→ Manchu: ᠸᠠᠩ (wang) (via Mandarin)

→ Middle Mongol: (via Early Mandarin)

Uigurjin script: ᠣᠩ (ʾwnk /oŋ/)

→ Old Uyghur: 𐽰𐽳𐽺𐽷 (oŋ) (via Early Mandarin), 𐽳𐽰𐽺𐽷 (wʾnk /waŋ/) (via Early Mandarin)

→ Old Uyghur: 𐽰𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽷 (öŋ)

→ Tagalog: Ong (via Hokkien), Wong (via Cantonese), Wang (via Mandarin)

→ Thai: อ๋อง (ɔ̌ng) (via Hokkien)

→ Zhuang: vuengz

Chinese bronze inscriptions
Konyak languages
Zhou dynasty

Characters in the same phonetic series (王) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
Pictogram (象形) of a ritual axe made perhaps of jade, a symbols of the king's power. A ceremonial axe was kept near the throne, and was used for performing rituals in ancient China.
The traditional interpretation (most likely a folk etymology given the original appearence of the character) is that the character metaphorically indicates the king or emperor according to the ancient Chinese thought: three horizontal strokes represent Heaven, Man and Earth, and the vertical stroke is the king or emperor, the one who connects them together. However, compare 天 (tiān) (a man with a horizontal stroke above his head to indicate the sky).
Unrelated to 玉 (yù, “a string with three pieces of jade”) and 主 (“master”); partly related to 士 (a war axe and, perhaps, sometimes a variant of 王), to 戉 (an axe drawn vertically), to the inner component of 匡 (kuāng, “square‑shaped bamboo basket”), and to the right component of 往 (< 𢓸).
Uncertain. There are many proposed etymologies:
* Sagart and Baxter (2009) compare it to Tibetan གོང་མ (gong ma, “superior one”).
* Schuessler (2007) compares it to Tibetan དབང (dbang, “strength, power”) and Burmese အန် (an, “strength, power”), which derive from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *d-baŋ (“strength, power”). However, reconstructing the Old Chinese as *waŋ, he notes the mismatch between Old Chinese *w- vs. Tibetan *b- (unless *dw- can become db-; for possible *b- ~ * w- variation, see 花). He also compares it to Proto-Northern Naga *waŋ (“chief”).
* Schuessler (2007) alternatively proposes a connection to Old Khmer vāṅ, vaṅ (modern Khmer វាំង (veăng), “royal palace”), which he considers to be cognate with Khmer ហ្លួង (luŏng, “king”). This is perhaps supported by a bronze inscription where 王 refers to a place, not the Zhou king (Shaughnessy, 1991). The semantic shift from "palace" to "king" parallels Egyptian pr-ꜥꜣ (“pharaoh”, literally “palace”), from pr (“house”) + ꜥꜣ (“great, big”). The connection to the Old Khmer word would thus relate it to Proto-Mon-Khmer *waŋ ~ *waaŋ (“enclosure; to go round”), which is part of a larger Austroasiatic word family, including 營 (OC *ɢʷeŋ) and 環 (OC *ɡʷraːn). Bodman (1980) connects 王 with 皇 (OC *ɡʷaːŋ, “sovereign”), which Schuessler (2007) connects to this word family.
* Speculations exist about its connection to 尪 (OC *qʷaːŋ, “lame, crippled”) and 狂 (OC *ɡʷaŋ, “mad”), based on theories about the connection between ancient Chinese kingship and shamanism (Keightley, 1995).


番

→ Japanese: 飜(ハン) (han)

→ Vietnamese: phen

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *paːl, *paːls, *pʰaːn, *pʰan, *ban): phonetic 釆 () + semantic 田 – "animal's footprint in the field"; Xu Shen interprets both components as the pictogram of an animal footprint. Original form of 蹯 (fán).
According to Tadashi Takada (高田忠周), it's the pictogram of some seeds on the palm of an open hand, which conveys the concept of "spreading". Original form of 播.
Neither Xu Shen nor Tadashi Takada interprets the bottom component as the pictogram of a field.
; “to do in turns; turn; time”
; “anime series”

生番

non-Sinicized ethnic minority, barbarian


盤

/pʰuːn²¹⁻³⁵/

/pʰuːn²¹⁻³⁵/

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *baːn): phonetic 般 (OC *praːn, *paːn, *baːn) + semantic 皿.

Han compound

win by opponent's resignation (literally, "mid-game win")

中盤勝

中盘胜


相

/ɬiaŋ³³⁻³³⁵/

/ɬiaŋ³³⁻³³⁵/

Ideogrammic compound (會意 /会意): 木 (“tree”) + 目 (“eye”) – looking at, or watching the tree.
An allofam is 胥 (OC *sŋa, *sŋaʔ, “each other; mutually; all; to observe; to assist”) (Gong, 1995; Schuessler, 2007).
Derivative: 想 (OC *slaŋʔ, “to think”) (“appearance > to visualise > to think”).


眼

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *ŋrɯːnʔ): semantic 目 (“eye”) + phonetic 艮 (OC *kɯːns).
Derived from Etymology 2 (Sagart, 1999). Displaced common Sino-Tibetan 目 (OC *muɡ, “eye”) in many dialects.

Han compound

(Cantonese, mahjong) two identical tiles which are an essential part of a legal winning hand


碰

→ English: pung, pong

→ Japanese: 碰(ポン) (pon)

→ Tagalog: pong

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声): semantic 石 (“rock”) + phonetic 並.
Appears in Zihui [Ming dynasty] as 掽, but only attested in literary works since Qing dynasty. Probably a recent colloquial form of 逢 (MC bjowng) (Wang, 1982; Schuessler, 2007).


積

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *ʔseɡs, *ʔseɡ): semantic 禾 + phonetic 責 (OC *ʔsreːɡ).
* (to collect; to accumulate): Cognate with Tibetan རྩིག་པ (rtsig pa) (Schuessler, 2007).
* (jack; knave, to jack): From English jack.

Han compound

(Cantonese, card games) jack; knave (Classifier: 隻／只 c)


索

Ideogrammic compound (會意 /会意): 糸 (“thread”) + 𣎳 (“strip fibres off a hemp stalk”). Threads (rope) being removed from a fabric.
糸 visually represents the middle interior of the small seal script form, whereas 𣎳 is the three-pointed top part and the left and right lines.
From Austroasiatic; compare Proto-Vietic *ɟaːk (“rope”) (> Vietnamese chạc), Mon ဇုက် (“string; cord; rope; lashing; creeper”) (Schuessler, 2007).

cog

General Taiwanese (no specific region identified)


繳

缴
缴
筊
徼
賭
檄
儌
九
局


纜

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *ɡ·raːms): semantic 糹 (“silk”) + phonetic 覽 (OC *ɡ·raːmʔ).
Note similarities with 欄 (OC *ɡ·raːn, “railing, balustrade”); see there for more.

Han compound

(gambling, originally Cantonese) martingale (gambling strategy) (Classifier: 條／条 c)


聽

Originally 𦔻, hence ideogrammic compound (會意 /会意): 耳 (“ear”) + 口 (“mouth(s)”) – to listen. Compare the top component of 聖.
Later, rewritten as phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *l̥ʰeːŋ, *l̥ʰeːŋs): phonetic 𡈼 (OC *l̥ʰeːŋʔ) + semantic 耳 (“ear”) + semantic 㥁 on the right.
The simplified version, 听, is totally unrelated to the original character and it originally means "smiling".
This is traditionally considered to have the same origin as 聖 (OC *hljeŋs, “to hear; wise; sage”) and 聲 (OC *qʰjeŋ, “sound”). Additionally, it may be also related to 聆 (OC *reːŋ, “to hear; to listen”) (Wang, 1982).
Outside connections unclear, although note Proto-Hlai *hliːŋ (“to hear (it said)”) from Pre-Hlai *(h)leːŋ (Norquest, 2007).
Derivatives:
* 廳 (OC *l̥ʰeːŋ, “hall, i.e. where hearings take place”)
* 廷 (OC *l'eːŋ, *l'eːŋʔ, “palace courtyard”).

och-l

听
聴
聼
𦗟
𦔻
𠯸
𦔽
𦕢
𦕘
𦖆
𦘏
𪢧
听
听
𪢧

(mahjong) to need (one or more particular tiles) to complete a hand to win


肝

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *kaːn): semantic ⺼ (“flesh”) + phonetic 干 (OC *kaːn) – a body part.
Probably from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *b-ka-(n/m/ŋ) (“bitter; salty; bile; liver”), in which case it would be related to 苦 (OC *kʰaːʔ, *kʰaːs, “bitter”); also compare Proto-Bodo-Garo *bi-ka (“liver”), whence Bodo (India) [script needed] (bi-ka, “liver”), Garo bika (“liver”).
Alternatively, Schuessler (2007) compares it with Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m-kal ~ *s-gal (“lower back; kidney”), whence Tibetan མཁལ་མ (mkhal ma, “kidney”), Mizo kal (“kidney”), Chepang गल् (“kidney”), Burmese ခါး (hka:, “waist”).

cog

This game is attractive, but I really can't grind anymore. It's too grindy.

Zhè yóuxì hěn xīyǐn rén, dàn wǒ shízài gān bù dòng le. Tā tài gān le.

這遊戲很吸引人，但我實在肝不動了。它太肝了。

这游戏很吸引人，但我实在肝不动了。它太肝了。

(video games, neologism) to grind; to repeat a task day and night, which may exhaust the liver, in order to achieve a specific goal


臺

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (臺):
* → Japanese: 台(だい) (dai)
* → Korean: 대(臺) (dae)
* → Vietnamese: đài (臺)

Bamboo_and_wooden_slips
Chu_(state)
Han dynasty
Jin (Chinese state)
Oracle bone inscriptions
Qin
Shuowen Jiezi
Shuowen Jiezi Zhu
seal script

Ideogrammic compound (會意 /会意): abbreviated 喬 + 室.
Its exact structure changes depending on region and time period, but for most of its existence it has been a phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声). The phonetic has always been 之 (OC *tjɯ) or 止 (OC *kjɯʔ).
: Oracle bone inscriptions: phonetic 之 (OC *tjɯ) + 宀.
: Chu slips: phonetic 之 (OC *tjɯ) + 室
: Jin slips:
:* Ideogrammic compound (會意 /会意): abbreviated 喬 + 室. This is the modern form inherited by Han seal script.
:* Phonetic 止 (OC *kjɯʔ) + abbreviated 室
:* Phonetic 之 (OC *tjɯ) + 室
: Qin dynasty: Phonetic 止 (OC *kjɯʔ) + 高 + 室
Shuowen Jiezi interprets it as ideogrammic compound (會意 /会意): 之 (“foot”) + abbreviated 高 (“high”) + 室 (“building”) – a watch tower. The Shuowen Jiezi Zhu considers 㞢 (*tjɯ) to be the sound component.


花

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (花):
* → Japanese: 花(か) (ka)
* → Korean: 화(花) (hwa)
* → Vietnamese: hoa (花)

→ Ai-Cham: hwa¹

→ Zhuang: va

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *hʷraː): semantic 艹 (“grass; plant”) + phonetic 化 (OC *hŋʷraːls). Originally 𠌶 or 華 before the Han dynasty.
Unclear. According to Schuessler (2007), either from:
* Proto-Sino-Tibetan *baːr (“bloom, flower”) and thus an example of possible *b ~ *w variation, with final -r moved to medial position. If so, cognate with 葩 (OC *pʰraː); outside Sinitic, compare Burmese ပန်း (pan:), Lepcha ᰓᰫᰲ (búr), Mizo páar. Sagart (2021) also connects it to 葩 (OC *pʰˤra), modifying Baxter and Sagart's (2014) reconstruction to *Cə-pʰˤra and proposing the sound changes *Cə-pʰ- > *Cə-ɸ- > *ɸ- > xw-.
* Or from Austroasiatic; compare Proto-Mon-Khmer *pkaaw ~ *pkaʔ (“flower, blossom”).
華 (OC *ɡʷraː, “to flower”) is a derivative.


莊

/ʈ͡ʂu̯ɑ̃ɻ⁵⁵/

/t͡szʷæ̃³³⁴/

/ʈ͡ʂu̯ɑ̃ɻ⁵⁵/

/t͡szʷæ̃³³⁴/

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *ʔsraŋ): semantic 艸 + phonetic 壯 (OC *ʔsraŋs).

Han compound

莊閒／庄闲


血

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (血):
* → Vietnamese: huyết (血)

Characters in the same phonetic series (血) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
Ideogrammic compound (會意 /会意): 一 (“drop of blood”) + 皿 (“container”) - a drop of blood inside a chalice for sacrificial uses.
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-hjwəj-t (“blood”) (STEDT; Schuessler, 2007).
Baxter and Sagart (2014) reconstruct the Old Chinese as *m̥ˤik to account for word-family connections with 脈 (OC *C.mˤ[i]k, “vein”), 衊 (OC *mˤi[k], “defiled blood”) as well as its use as a phonetic component in 侐 (OC *m̥(r)ik, “still; quiet”), which is in the same word family as 宓 (OC *mi[k], “quiet; silent”) (Sagart, 1999b; Baxter and Sagart, 2017). Sagart (1999b) argues that this word is not genetically related to the Tibeto-Burman form with *s-hjw-, but that this word has been borrowed into Tibeto-Burman.

Han compound

血量


角

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (角):
* → Japanese: 角(かく) (kaku)
* → Korean: 각(角) (gak)
* → Vietnamese: giác (角)

→ Khmer: កាក់ (kak)
→ English: kak

→ Thai: กั๊ก (gák)

→ Vietnamese: góc

/t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴/

/t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴/

Characters in the same phonetic series (角) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
Pictogram (象形) – a horn. A conservative version is 𧢲. Similar but unrelated to 甬, 用, and the bottom part of 備.
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *krəw (“horn; angle; corner”) (STEDT). Cognate with Tibetan རྭ (rwa, “horn”), Garo grong (“horn”), Jingpho nrung (“horn”), Chepang रोङः (roŋʔ, “horn”), 觡 (OC *kraːɡ, “antler”). The Tibeto-Burman *-ŋ final variant is reflected in 觥 (OC *kʷraːŋ, “drinking vessel made from animal horn”) (Schuessler, 2007). Possibly also related to 鹿 (OC *b·roːɡ, “deer”) (Sagart, 1999).
A derivative is 餃 (“stuffed dumpling”), named for its horn-like shape (Norman, 1988).
It is probably unrelated with Proto-Indo-European *ḱr̥h₂nós (“horn”) ( < *ḱerh₂- (“horn”)) and Proto-Semitic *ḳarn- (“horn”) despite the phonological and semantic resemblance between the three.

och-l

(gaming) Short for 角色 (juésè). (Classifier: 隻／只)


誅

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *to): semantic 言 (“speech”) + phonetic 朱 (OC *tjo).
Perhaps related to 觸 (OC *tʰjoɡ, “to butt, knock against”); see there for more (STEDT).

Han compound

(Cantonese, mahjong) to discard tiles such that the next player cannot improve their hand


豪

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *ɡaːw): abbreviated phonetic 高 (OC *kaːw) + semantic 豕 (“pig, boar”).


閒

Ideogrammic compound (會意 /会意): 門 (“door”) + 月 (“moon”) – moonlight peeking through a door – interstice; space (original character of 間).
Karlgren (1957) and Baxter (1992) connect this word with 間 (OC *kreːn, “interstice time”).
Alternatively, Pulleyblank (1973) suggests that it is cognate with 暇 (OC *ɡraːs, “to be at leisure”).
Schuessler (2007) considers this unrelated to 間 (OC *kreːn, *kreːns), and instead proposes that this is borrowed from Tai languages, akin to Thai คร้าน (kráan, “lazy; indolent”). 懶 (OC *raːnʔ, “lazy”) may be a colloquial reflex of the same word (ibid.).


關

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (關):
* → Japanese: 関(かん) (kan)
* → Korean: 관(關) (gwan)
* → Vietnamese: quan (關)

→ English: Guan, Kwan

The bronze inscription was in the form of 門 (“door”) + 卝 (“locked door; two wooden sticks to lock a door”). 卝 might also serve as a phonetic component. The whole character represents a door locked with two wooden sticks.
Then, the character slightly evolved into Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *kroːn): semantic 門 (“door”) + phonetic 𢇅 (), in which two couples of rings similar to 幺幺 are visible on top of the two wooden sticks.
Compare Proto-Southwestern Tai *klɔːnᴬ² (“latch of door; rafter”), whence Thai กลอน (glɔɔn) (Schuessler, 2007).

cog

关
関
𨶚
𢇅
𬮦
闗
閞


飛

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (飛):
* → Japanese: 飛(ひ) (hi)
* → Korean: 비(飛) (bi)
* → Vietnamese: phi (飛)

Characters in the same phonetic series (飛) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
Pictogram (象形): a bird flying upwards.
In its modern form, resembles a tasseled 升 (shēng).
* Proto-Sino-Tibetan *bjar ~ *p(i/u)r (“to fly”) → Tibetan འཕུར ('phur), Burmese ပျံ (pyam, “to fly”).
* Proto-Mon-Khmer *par (“to fly”) → Old Mon ပဝ် (pɔ); Proto-Vietic *pər (“to fly”), whereas Vietnamese bay.
Cognate with Old Chinese 翂 (*pɯn, “appearance of birds flying slowly”) and Old Chinese 奮 (*pɯns, “spread wings and fly”).
; “fare”
; “femto-”

cog

飞
𠃧
𮨶
𩙱
𦐭
𦒮
飝

(mahjong) Classifier for number of possible winning tiles.


食

Pictogram (象形): a mouth (亼) over a bowl of rice on a stand. While the current form is 亼+艮, the lower part (bowl of rice on a stand) is the pictogram 皀 and is similar but unrelated 良 or 艮. This is more visible in the form 𠊊.
Shuowen: Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *lɯɡs, *ɦljɯɡ): phonetic 亼 (OC *zub) + semantic 皀; see 𠊊.
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m/s/g-ljak.

Han compound

𠊊
𩚁
𩚀
𩚃
𠋑
𨢁
𠊊
吃
𠋡
呷
噍

When playing blind chess, a rook can capture knights, cannons, advisors, bishops or pawns.

waan⁴⁻² maang⁴ kei⁴⁻² ge³ si⁴ hau⁶, geoi¹ ho² ji⁵ sik⁶ maa⁵, paau³, si⁶, zoeng⁶, zeot¹.

玩盲棋嘅時候，車可以食馬、炮、士、象、卒。

玩盲棋嘅时候，车可以食马、炮、士、象、卒。

(Cantonese, Hakka, board games) to capture

(Cantonese, mahjong) Short for 食糊 (“to win”).


食

→ Indonesian: ciak

→ Thai: เจี๊ยะ (jía)

Kwok (2018) reconstructs Proto-Southern Min *tsiaʔ⁸ and tentatively reconstructs Proto-Min *dziak (in Norman's system).
While often considered as the vernacular counterpart to etymology 1, it is unlikely to be related to etymology 1 (Norman, 1991; Klöter, 2005; Fuehrer and Yang, 2014). Schuessler (2007) suggests it derives from 嚼 (“to chew”) (probably based on Norman's unpublished manuscripts).

𠊊
𩚁
𩚀
𩚃
𠋑
𨢁
𠊊
吃
𠋡
呷
噍

(Eastern Min, Hokkien, Leizhou Min, board games) to capture


鬆

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *sqʰloːŋs, *sqʰluːŋ, *skʰloŋ, *sqʰloŋ): semantic 髟 (“hair”) + phonetic 松 (OC *sɢloŋ).


上手

/ʂɑŋ⁵¹ ʂoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sœːŋ²² sɐu̯³⁵/

/siɔŋ³³⁻¹¹ t͡sʰiu⁵³/

/siɔŋ³³⁻²¹ t͡sʰiu⁴¹/

/siɔŋ²²⁻²¹ t͡sʰiu⁵³/

/siɔŋ⁴¹⁻²² t͡sʰiu⁵⁵⁴/

/siaŋ²²⁻²¹ t͡sʰiu⁵³/

/zɑ̃²² sɤ⁴⁴/

/ʂɑŋ⁵¹ ʂoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sœːŋ²² sɐu̯³⁵/

/siɔŋ³³⁻¹¹ t͡sʰiu⁵³/

/siɔŋ³³⁻²¹ t͡sʰiu⁴¹/

/siɔŋ²²⁻²¹ t͡sʰiu⁵³/

/siɔŋ⁴¹⁻²² t͡sʰiu⁵⁵⁴/

/siaŋ²²⁻²¹ t͡sʰiu⁵³/

/zɑ̃²² sɤ⁴⁴/

/sœːŋ¹³ sɐu̯³⁵/

/t͡siũ³³⁻²¹ t͡sʰiu⁴¹/

/t͡siũ³³⁻¹¹ t͡sʰiu⁵³/

/t͡siũ²²⁻²¹ t͡sʰiu⁵³/

/t͡siɔ̃²²⁻²¹ t͡sʰiu⁵³/

/t͡siũ²² t͡sʰiu⁵⁵⁴/

/ʂɑŋ⁵¹ ʂoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sœːŋ¹³ sɐu̯³⁵/

/t͡siũ³³⁻²¹ t͡sʰiu⁴¹/

/t͡siũ³³⁻¹¹ t͡sʰiu⁵³/

/t͡siũ²²⁻²¹ t͡sʰiu⁵³/

/t͡siɔ̃²²⁻²¹ t͡sʰiu⁵³/

/t͡siũ²² t͡sʰiu⁵⁵⁴/

(card games) player whose turn comes next


乒乓球

→ Bouyei: pinypangyqiuf

→ Zhuang: binghbanghgiuz

/pʰiŋ⁵⁵ pʰɑŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯oʊ̯³⁵/

ㄆㄧㄥ ㄆㄤ ㄑㄧㄡˊㄦ

/pʰiŋ⁵⁵ pʰɑŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɤʊ̯ɻʷ³⁵/

/pɪŋ⁵⁵ pɐm⁵⁵ kʰɐu̯²¹/

/pʰin⁴⁴ pʰɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ kʰiu¹¹/

/pʰiŋ¹¹ pʰa¹¹ t͡ɕʰiəu¹¹/

/pʰiŋ⁵⁵ pʰaŋ⁵⁵ kiu²¹/

/pʰin⁴⁴⁻²² pʰɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kiu²⁴/

/pʰin³³ pʰɔŋ³³ kiu²⁴/

/pʰin⁴⁴⁻²² pʰɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kiu¹³/

/piŋ³³⁻²³ poŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ kiu⁵⁵/

/pʰin⁵⁵ pʰã³³ d͡ʑiɤ²¹/

/pʰiŋ⁵⁵ pʰɑŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/pʰiŋ⁵⁵ pʰɑŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɤʊ̯ɻʷ³⁵/

/pɪŋ⁵⁵ pɐm⁵⁵ kʰɐu̯²¹/

/pʰin⁴⁴ pʰɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ kʰiu¹¹/

/pʰiŋ¹¹ pʰa¹¹ t͡ɕʰiəu¹¹/

/pʰiŋ⁵⁵ pʰaŋ⁵⁵ kiu²¹/

/pʰin⁴⁴⁻²² pʰɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kiu²⁴/

/pʰin³³ pʰɔŋ³³ kiu²⁴/

/pʰin⁴⁴⁻²² pʰɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kiu¹³/

/piŋ³³⁻²³ poŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ kiu⁵⁵/

/pʰin⁵⁵ pʰã³³ d͡ʑiɤ²¹/


眼睛

/jɛn²¹⁴ d͡ʑ̥iŋ⁴/

/jɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵/

/iɛn⁵³ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/

/niæ̃⁵¹ t͡ɕiŋ²⁴/

/ŋaːn¹³ t͡sɪŋ⁵⁵/

/ŋan²¹³⁻²¹ t͡ɕiaŋ¹/

/nie⁵³ t͡ɕiŋ¹¹/

/ɡan⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴/

/ɡan⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡siɪŋ³³/

/ŋaŋ⁵²⁻³⁵ t͡seŋ³³/

/ŋe²² t͡ɕin⁴⁴/

/jɛn²¹⁴ d͡ʑ̥iŋ⁴/

/jɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵/

/iɛn⁵³ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/

/niæ̃⁵¹ t͡ɕiŋ²⁴/

/ŋaːn¹³ t͡sɪŋ⁵⁵/

/ŋan²¹³⁻²¹ t͡ɕiaŋ¹/

/nie⁵³ t͡ɕiŋ¹¹/

/ɡan⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴/

/ɡan⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡siɪŋ³³/

/ŋaŋ⁵²⁻³⁵ t͡seŋ³³/

/ŋe²² t͡ɕin⁴⁴/

(mahjong) two identical tiles which are an essential part of a legal winning hand


gal

Short for galgame, borrowed from Japanese ギャルゲーム (gyaru gēmu), which is wasei eigo (和製英語; pseudo-anglicism), derived from gal + game.

pseudo-loan

推gal

(ACG, video games) galge (video or computer game centered around interactions with attractive anime-style girls)


麻雀

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (麻雀):
* → Korean: 마작(麻雀) (majak, “mahjong”)

Wutunhua: macio

desc

→ Burmese: မာကျောက် (ma-kyauk, “mahjong”)

→ Dutch: matjok (“Surinamese variant of mahjong”)

→ Japanese: 麻(マー)雀(ジャン) (mājan) (orthographic)

→ Vietnamese: mạt chược (“mahjong”)

→ Zhuang: mazcoz (“mahjong”)

/mä³⁵ t͡ɕʰy̯ɛ⁵¹/

/ma²⁴⁻¹¹ ʈ͡ʂʰoʔ⁵/

/maː²¹ t͡sœːk̚³/

/maː²¹ t͡sœːk̚³⁻³⁵/

/ma³⁵ t͡ɕiɔʔ²/

/ma¹³ t͡sʰyɒʔ¹/

/ma¹³ t͡sʰyøʔ²/

/ba²³⁻³³ t͡sʰiɔk̚³²/

/ba²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰiɔk̚³²/

/ba²⁴⁻²¹ t͡sʰiɔk̚³²/

/ba²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sʰiɔk̚³²/

/ba²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰiɔk̚⁵/

/mã²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sʰiɔk̚³²/

/ma²⁴⁻²¹ t͡sʰiɔk̚³²/

/ma²³⁻²¹ t͡sʰiɔk̚³/

/mã²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰiɔk̚³²/

/mã²³⁻³³ t͡sʰiɔk̚³²/

/mã¹³⁻²² t͡sʰiak̚³²/

/muã²³⁻³³ t͡sʰiak̚³²/

/muã¹³⁻²² t͡sʰiak̚³²/

/muã²³⁻³³ t͡sʰiɔk̚³²/

/mua²⁴⁻²¹ t͡sʰiɔk̚³²/

/muã²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sʰiɔk̚³²/

/mo²² t͡ɕʰiaʔ⁴⁴/

/mo²² t͡ɕiaʔ⁴⁴/

/mɤa³³ t͡sĩ⁵⁵/

/mä³⁵ t͡ɕʰy̯ɛ⁵¹/

/ma²⁴⁻¹¹ ʈ͡ʂʰoʔ⁵/

/maː²¹ t͡sœːk̚³/

/maː²¹ t͡sœːk̚³⁻³⁵/

/ma³⁵ t͡ɕiɔʔ²/

/ma¹³ t͡sʰyɒʔ¹/

/ma¹³ t͡sʰyøʔ²/

/ba²³⁻³³ t͡sʰiɔk̚³²/

/ba²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰiɔk̚³²/

/ba²⁴⁻²¹ t͡sʰiɔk̚³²/

/ba²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sʰiɔk̚³²/

/ba²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰiɔk̚⁵/

/mã²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sʰiɔk̚³²/

/ma²⁴⁻²¹ t͡sʰiɔk̚³²/

/ma²³⁻²¹ t͡sʰiɔk̚³/

/mã²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰiɔk̚³²/

/mã²³⁻³³ t͡sʰiɔk̚³²/

/mã¹³⁻²² t͡sʰiak̚³²/

/muã²³⁻³³ t͡sʰiak̚³²/

/muã¹³⁻²² t͡sʰiak̚³²/

/muã²³⁻³³ t͡sʰiɔk̚³²/

/mua²⁴⁻²¹ t͡sʰiɔk̚³²/

/muã²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sʰiɔk̚³²/

/mo²² t͡ɕʰiaʔ⁴⁴/

/mo²² t͡ɕiaʔ⁴⁴/

/mɤa³³ t͡sĩ⁵⁵/

Alternative forms: 蔴雀, 麻鵲 /麻鹊

(dialectal, including Cantonese, Hakka, Southern Min, Eastern Min, Pinghua) mahjong


J

From the letter J of the English pattern playing cards. Various names exist for this symbol in the spoken language.
; Mandarin gōu
; Cantonese zik¹

(card games) jack (Classifier: 隻／只; 張／张)


K

From the letter K of the English pattern playing cards. In the spoken language, its name is generally a borrowing from English king or the letter K.

(card games) king (Classifier: 隻／只; 張／张)


Q

/t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn⁵⁵/

From the letter Q of the English pattern playing cards. Various names exist for this symbol in the spoken language.
; Mandarin
; Cantonese
; Hokkien

(card games) queen (Classifier: 隻／只; 張／张)


cu

撞cu [Hong Kong Cantonese] ― zong⁶ ku¹ [Jyutping]

(Hong Kong Cantonese, billiards, snooker, pool) cushion (lip around the table)


dee

(Cantonese, poker, especially in big two) the largest of the poker cards, i.e. 2 (Classifier: 隻／只 c)


清一色

ja-r

清一色(チンイーソー) (chin'īsō)

→ Japanese: 清一色(チンイーソー) (chin'īsō)

/t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵ i⁵⁵⁻³⁵ sɤ⁵¹/

/t͡sʰɪŋ⁵⁵ jɐt̚⁵ sɪk̚⁵/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² it̚³²⁻⁴ siɪk̚³²/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ it̚³²⁻⁴ siɪk̚³²/

/t͡sʰeŋ³³⁻²³ t͡sek̚⁴⁻² sek̚²/

/t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵ i⁵⁵⁻³⁵ sɤ⁵¹/

/t͡sʰɪŋ⁵⁵ jɐt̚⁵ sɪk̚⁵/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² it̚³²⁻⁴ siɪk̚³²/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ it̚³²⁻⁴ siɪk̚³²/

/t͡sʰeŋ³³⁻²³ t͡sek̚⁴⁻² sek̚²/

(mahjong) a winning hand where all the tiles are of the same suit


馬子

/mä²¹⁴ d͡z̥z̩⁴/

/maː¹³ t͡siː³⁵/

/be⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡si⁵³/

/be⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡si⁵⁵⁴/

/be⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡si⁵³/

/be⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡si⁵³/

/be⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡si⁴¹/

/mä²¹⁴ d͡z̥z̩⁴/

/maː¹³ t͡siː³⁵/

/be⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡si⁵³/

/be⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡si⁵⁵⁴/

/be⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡si⁵³/

/be⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡si⁵³/

/be⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡si⁴¹/

Chinese given name
Emperor Gaozu of Tang
Han Dynasty
Naming taboo

During the Han Dynasty, the emperor's commode was called 虎子 (hǔzǐ). However, the grandfather of Emperor Gaozu of Tang was called 李虎 (Lǐ Hǔ). Because it was forbidden for common items to contain the given names of members of the imperial family (see Naming taboo), 虎子 was changed to 馬子／马子 (mǎzi), which morphed later into 馬桶／马桶 (mǎtǒng).

zh-m

馬子／马子 (mǎzi)

馬桶／马桶 (mǎtǒng)


皮膚

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (皮膚):
* → Japanese: 皮膚(ひふ) (hifu)
* → Korean: 피부(皮膚) (pibu)
* → Vietnamese: bì phu (皮膚)

/pʰei̯²¹ fuː⁵⁵/

/pʰui⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾u⁵⁵/

/pʰe²⁴⁻²² hu³³/

/pʰe²⁴⁻¹¹ hu⁴⁴/

/pʰe²⁴⁻²² hu⁴⁴/

/pʰə²⁴⁻²² hu³³/

/pʰue²³⁻³³ hu⁴⁴/

/pʰue¹³⁻²² hu⁴⁴/

/pʰue⁵⁵⁻¹¹ hu³³/

/pʰei̯²¹ fuː⁵⁵/

/pʰui⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾u⁵⁵/

/pʰe²⁴⁻²² hu³³/

/pʰe²⁴⁻¹¹ hu⁴⁴/

/pʰe²⁴⁻²² hu⁴⁴/

/pʰə²⁴⁻²² hu³³/

/pʰue²³⁻³³ hu⁴⁴/

/pʰue¹³⁻²² hu⁴⁴/

/pʰue⁵⁵⁻¹¹ hu³³/

(video games) skin (alternative outfit for a game character)


平和

/pʰiŋ³⁵ xu³⁵/

/pʰɪŋ²¹ wuː²¹⁻³⁵/

/pʰiŋ³⁵ xu³⁵/

/pʰɪŋ²¹ wuː²¹⁻³⁵/

(mahjong) a winning hand in which every meld is a chow, and the pair does not consist of wind or dragon tiles (in Hong Kong mahjong, the pair can consist of wind or dragon tiles)


按摩

/ˀän⁵¹ mu̯ɔ³⁵/

/ˀän⁵¹ mu̯ɔ⁵⁵/

/ɔːn³³ mɔː⁵⁵/

/ɣæ̃⁴⁵ mɤ¹¹/

/an²¹⁻⁵³ mɔ̃²⁴/

/an⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ mɔ̃²⁴/

/an²¹⁻⁵³ mɔ̃¹³/

/an¹¹⁻⁵³ mɔ̃²⁴/

/an²¹⁻⁴¹ mɔ̃²³/

/aŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ mo⁵⁵/

/ˀän⁵¹ mu̯ɔ³⁵/

/ˀän⁵¹ mu̯ɔ⁵⁵/

/ɔːn³³ mɔː⁵⁵/

/ɣæ̃⁴⁵ mɤ¹¹/

/an²¹⁻⁵³ mɔ̃²⁴/

/an⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ mɔ̃²⁴/

/an²¹⁻⁵³ mɔ̃¹³/

/an¹¹⁻⁵³ mɔ̃²⁴/

/an²¹⁻⁴¹ mɔ̃²³/

/aŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ mo⁵⁵/


獅子舞

/ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ d͡z̥z̩² u²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/siː⁵⁵ t͡siː³⁵ mou̯¹³/

/ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ d͡z̥z̩² u²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/siː⁵⁵ t͡siː³⁵ mou̯¹³/

lion dance (traditional Chinese dance where performers mimic a lion's movements in a lion costume)


梭哈

/su̯ɔ⁵⁵ xä⁵⁵/

/su̯ɔ⁵⁵ xä⁵⁵/

(Mandarin, card games) five-card stud; poker


當局者迷，旁觀者清

ㄉㄤ ㄐㄩˊ ㄓㄜˇ ㄇㄧˊ

ㄆㄤˊ ㄍㄨㄢ ㄓㄜˇ ㄑㄧㄥ

dong¹ guk⁶ ze² mai⁴, pong⁴ gun¹ ze² cing¹

данцзюйчжэ ми

пангуаньчжэ цин

/tɑŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕy³⁵ ʈ͡ʂɤ²¹⁴⁻²¹ mi³⁵ pʰɑŋ³⁵ ku̯än⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂɤ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵/

dong¹ guk⁹ dze² mai⁴, pong⁴ gun¹ dze² tsing¹

dong¹ gug⁶ zé² mei⁴, pong⁴ gun¹ zé² qing¹

/tɔːŋ⁵⁵ kʊk̚² t͡sɛː³⁵ mɐi̯²¹ pʰɔːŋ²¹ kuːn⁵⁵ t͡sɛː³⁵ t͡sʰɪŋ⁵⁵/

当局者迷，旁观者清
當局者迷，傍觀者清

Those involved in the matter are easily blinded to the truth, and those not involved can see things clearly.

Lookers-on see most of the game
lookers-on see most of the game


榜眼

/pɑŋ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ jɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pɔːŋ³⁵ ŋaːn¹³/

/pɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡan⁵³/

/pɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ɡan⁴¹/

/pɔŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ ɡan⁵⁵⁴/

/pɑŋ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ jɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pɔːŋ³⁵ ŋaːn¹³/

/pɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡan⁵³/

/pɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ɡan⁴¹/

/pɔŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ ɡan⁵⁵⁴/

(Philippine Hokkien, dice games) a dice roll of either, three of a kind (with two sets of three dice of the same face, except four) or straight (with all die faces in sequence) in a Mooncake Festival Dice Game


劈腿

/pʰi²¹⁴⁻³⁵ tʰu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pʰi⁵⁵ tʰu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pʰɛːk̚³ tʰɵy̯³⁵/

/pʰɪk̚⁵ tʰɵy̯³⁵/

/pʰi²¹⁴⁻³⁵ tʰu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pʰi⁵⁵ tʰu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pʰɛːk̚³ tʰɵy̯³⁵/

/pʰɪk̚⁵ tʰɵy̯³⁵/

(gymnastics, dance, martial arts) to perform the splits


電視

Sino-Xenic (電視):
* → Japanese: 電(でん)視(し) (denshi)
* → Korean: 전시(電視) (jeonsi)

→ Guiqiong: diɐnsi

desc

→ Lü: ᦶᦎᧃᧈᦉᦹᧈ (ṫaen¹ṡue¹)

→ Lü: ᦶᦎᧃᧈᦉᦹᧈ (ṫaen¹ṡue¹)

→ Zhuang: densi

/ti̯ɛn⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/tiæ̃⁴⁴ ʂʐ̩⁴⁴/

/tʰi̯en⁵⁵ sɨ⁵⁵/

/tieŋ²⁴²⁻⁵³ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾nɛi²⁴²/

/tɛŋ²¹⁻⁴² ɬi²¹/

/tiɛn²²⁻²¹ si²²/

/tiɛn⁴¹⁻²² si⁴¹/

/tiɛn²²⁻²¹ si²²/

/tiɛn³³⁻¹¹ si³³/

/tiɛn³³⁻²¹ si³³/

/tiaŋ³⁵⁻¹¹ si³⁵/

/dɪ²³ zz̩ʷ¹¹/

/ti̯ẽ⁴⁵ ʂʐ̩⁴⁵/

/ti̯ẽ⁴⁵ sz̩⁴⁵/

/ti̯ɛn⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/tiæ̃⁴⁴ ʂʐ̩⁴⁴/

/tʰi̯en⁵⁵ sɨ⁵⁵/

/tieŋ²⁴²⁻⁵³ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾nɛi²⁴²/

/tɛŋ²¹⁻⁴² ɬi²¹/

/tiɛn²²⁻²¹ si²²/

/tiɛn⁴¹⁻²² si⁴¹/

/tiɛn²²⁻²¹ si²²/

/tiɛn³³⁻¹¹ si³³/

/tiɛn³³⁻²¹ si³³/

/tiaŋ³⁵⁻¹¹ si³⁵/

/dɪ²³ zz̩ʷ¹¹/

/ti̯ẽ⁴⁵ ʂʐ̩⁴⁵/

/ti̯ẽ⁴⁵ sz̩⁴⁵/

(Putian Puxian Min, mahjong) white dragon


棋士

/t͡ɕʰi³⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/kʰei̯²¹ siː²²/

/t͡ɕʰi³⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/kʰei̯²¹ siː²²/


芭蕾舞

/pä⁵⁵ leɪ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ u²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pä⁵⁵ leɪ̯³⁵ u²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/paː⁵⁵ lɵy̯²¹ mou̯¹³/

/pa⁴⁴⁻²² lui²⁴⁻²² bu⁵³/

/pa³³ lui²⁴⁻²² bu⁵⁵⁴/

/pa⁴⁴⁻²² lui¹³⁻²² bu⁵³/

/pa⁴⁴⁻³³ le²³⁻³³ bu⁴¹/

/pa⁴⁴⁻³³ le²⁴⁻¹¹ bu⁵³/

/pa⁴⁴⁻³³ le⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ bu⁴¹/

/pa⁴⁴⁻³³ le⁵³⁻⁴⁴ bu⁵³/

/pa⁵⁵ le³³ ɦu²³/

/pä⁵⁵ leɪ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ u²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pä⁵⁵ leɪ̯³⁵ u²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/paː⁵⁵ lɵy̯²¹ mou̯¹³/

/pa⁴⁴⁻²² lui²⁴⁻²² bu⁵³/

/pa³³ lui²⁴⁻²² bu⁵⁵⁴/

/pa⁴⁴⁻²² lui¹³⁻²² bu⁵³/

/pa⁴⁴⁻³³ le²³⁻³³ bu⁴¹/

/pa⁴⁴⁻³³ le²⁴⁻¹¹ bu⁵³/

/pa⁴⁴⁻³³ le⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ bu⁴¹/

/pa⁴⁴⁻³³ le⁵³⁻⁴⁴ bu⁵³/

/pa⁵⁵ le³³ ɦu²³/

她想當芭蕾舞演員。

她想当芭蕾舞演员。


怪物

/ku̯aɪ̯⁵¹ u¹/

/ku̯aɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ u⁵¹/

/kuɛ⁴⁴ və²⁴/

/kʷaːi̯³³ mɐt̚²/

/kuai²¹⁻⁵³ but̚¹²¹/

/kuai⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ but̚²⁴/

/kuai⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ mŋ̍ʔ²⁴/

/kuai²¹⁻⁵³ mĩʔ⁴/

/ku̯aɪ̯⁵¹ u¹/

/ku̯aɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ u⁵¹/

/kuɛ⁴⁴ və²⁴/

/kʷaːi̯³³ mɐt̚²/

/kuai²¹⁻⁵³ but̚¹²¹/

/kuai⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ but̚²⁴/

/kuai⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ mŋ̍ʔ²⁴/

/kuai²¹⁻⁵³ mĩʔ⁴/

non-player character
non-player character#English

role-playing game
role-playing game#English

(video games) monster (non-player character that player(s) fight against in role-playing games)


先手

/ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ʂoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/siːn⁵⁵ sɐu̯³⁵/

/ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ʂoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/siːn⁵⁵ sɐu̯³⁵/

(board games, go, chess, xiangqi, etc.) offensive; move that carries a significant threat; a move forcing the opponent to respond; a move with tempo


後手

/xoʊ̯⁵¹ ʂoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/xoʊ̯⁵¹ ʂɤʊ̯ɻʷ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/hɐu̯²² sɐu̯³⁵/

/au²²⁻²¹ t͡sʰiu⁵³/

/au⁴¹⁻²² t͡sʰiu⁵⁵⁴/

/au²²⁻²¹ t͡sʰiu⁵³/

/au³³⁻¹¹ t͡sʰiu⁵³/

/au³³⁻²¹ t͡sʰiu⁴¹/

/xoʊ̯⁵¹ ʂoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/xoʊ̯⁵¹ ʂɤʊ̯ɻʷ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/hɐu̯²² sɐu̯³⁵/

/au²²⁻²¹ t͡sʰiu⁵³/

/au⁴¹⁻²² t͡sʰiu⁵⁵⁴/

/au²²⁻²¹ t͡sʰiu⁵³/

/au³³⁻¹¹ t͡sʰiu⁵³/

/au³³⁻²¹ t͡sʰiu⁴¹/


中盤

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ pʰän³⁵/

/t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ pʰuːn²¹/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² puã²⁴/

/tiɔŋ³³ puã²⁴/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² puã¹³/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ puã²⁴/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ puã²³/

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ pʰän³⁵/

/t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ pʰuːn²¹/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² puã²⁴/

/tiɔŋ³³ puã²⁴/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² puã¹³/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ puã²⁴/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ puã²³/


花札

/xu̯ä⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂä³⁵/

/xu̯ä⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂä³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 花(はな)札(ふだ) (hanafuda)


麻將

→ English: mahjong

→ Japanese: 麻(マー)雀(ジャン) (mājan)

/mä³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵¹/

/maː²¹ t͡sœːŋ³³/

/ma³⁵ ˈt͡ɕiɔŋ³⁵/

/ma¹¹ t͡ɕiɒ̃⁴⁵/

/mo²² t͡ɕiã⁴⁴/

/ma̠¹³ t͡si̯æn⁴⁵/

/ma̠¹³ t͡ɕi̯æn⁴⁵/

/mä³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵¹/

/maː²¹ t͡sœːŋ³³/

/ma³⁵ ˈt͡ɕiɔŋ³⁵/

/ma¹¹ t͡ɕiɒ̃⁴⁵/

/mo²² t͡ɕiã⁴⁴/

/ma̠¹³ t͡si̯æn⁴⁵/

/ma̠¹³ t͡ɕi̯æn⁴⁵/

From 麻雀 (máquè, “sparrow”), with a Wu diminutive suffix /ŋ̍/ (syllabic velar nasal), retained in some Wu languages (compare Wenzhounese /ŋ̍/). This suffix then fused with the preceding syllable, and was conserved in the form of a nasal coda /-ŋ/. As an example compare Shanghainese 雀 (old pron.: /t͡ɕia̠ʔ⁵/) + /-ŋ̍/ → 將 /t͡ɕiã⁵³/.
The game of mahjong was called 馬吊／马吊 (mǎdiào) during the Ming and Qing dynasties, where the second syllable presumably represented a Wu pronunciation of 鳥／鸟 (niǎo) ("bird", see there for more).

zh-l

馬吊／马吊 (mǎdiào)


跳舞

/tʰi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹ u²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʰiɔː⁴⁴ vou⁵¹/

/tʰiːu̯³³ mou̯¹³/

/tʰiau⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ʋu³¹/

/tʰiau²¹⁻⁵³ bu⁵³/

/tʰiau⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ bu⁵⁵⁴/

/tʰiau²¹⁻⁵³ bu⁵³/

/tʰiau¹¹⁻⁵³ bu⁵³/

/tʰiau²¹⁻⁴¹ bu⁴¹/

/tʰiau²¹³⁻⁵⁵ bu⁵²⁻²¹/

/tʰiɔ³³ vu⁴⁴/

/tʰi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹ u²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʰiɔː⁴⁴ vou⁵¹/

/tʰiːu̯³³ mou̯¹³/

/tʰiau⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ʋu³¹/

/tʰiau²¹⁻⁵³ bu⁵³/

/tʰiau⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ bu⁵⁵⁴/

/tʰiau²¹⁻⁵³ bu⁵³/

/tʰiau¹¹⁻⁵³ bu⁵³/

/tʰiau²¹⁻⁴¹ bu⁴¹/

/tʰiau²¹³⁻⁵⁵ bu⁵²⁻²¹/

/tʰiɔ³³ vu⁴⁴/


大王

/tä⁵¹ wɑŋ³⁵/

/taːi̯²² wɔːŋ²¹/

/tʰai̯⁵⁵ voŋ¹¹/

/tai²²⁻²¹ ɔŋ²⁴/

/tai⁴¹⁻²² ɔŋ²⁴/

/tai²²⁻²¹ ɔŋ¹³/

/tai³³⁻¹¹ ɔŋ²⁴/

/tai³³⁻²¹ ɔŋ²³/

/tai³⁵⁻¹¹ uaŋ⁵⁵/

/tä⁵¹ wɑŋ³⁵/

/taːi̯²² wɔːŋ²¹/

/tʰai̯⁵⁵ voŋ¹¹/

/tai²²⁻²¹ ɔŋ²⁴/

/tai⁴¹⁻²² ɔŋ²⁴/

/tai²²⁻²¹ ɔŋ¹³/

/tai³³⁻¹¹ ɔŋ²⁴/

/tai³³⁻²¹ ɔŋ²³/

/tai³⁵⁻¹¹ uaŋ⁵⁵/

/taɪ̯⁵¹ wɑŋ¹/

/taɪ̯⁵¹ wɑŋ³⁵/

/taɪ̯⁵¹ wɑŋ¹/

/taɪ̯⁵¹ wɑŋ³⁵/

/tä⁵¹ wɑŋ³⁵/

/taːi̯²² wɔːŋ²¹/

/tʰai̯⁵⁵ voŋ¹¹/

/tai²²⁻²¹ ɔŋ²⁴/

/tai⁴¹⁻²² ɔŋ²⁴/

/tai²²⁻²¹ ɔŋ¹³/

/tai³³⁻¹¹ ɔŋ²⁴/

/tai³³⁻²¹ ɔŋ²³/

/tai³⁵⁻¹¹ uaŋ⁵⁵/

(card games) the red joker, one of the two jokers that has a more reddish or colorful appearance


道具

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (道具):
* → Japanese: 道(どう)具(ぐ) (dōgu)
* → Korean: 도구(道具) (dogu)
* → Vietnamese: đạo cụ (道具)

/tɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕy⁵¹/

/tou̯²² kɵy̯²²/

/to²²⁻²¹ ku²²/

/to²²⁻²¹ ki²²/

/tau³⁵⁻¹¹ ku³⁵/

/dɔ²² t͡ɕy⁴⁴/

/tɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕy⁵¹/

/tou̯²² kɵy̯²²/

/to²²⁻²¹ ku²²/

/to²²⁻²¹ ki²²/

/tau³⁵⁻¹¹ ku³⁵/

/dɔ²² t͡ɕy⁴⁴/


石頭剪子布

ㄕˊ ˙ㄊㄡ ㄐㄧㄢˇ ˙ㄗ ㄅㄨˋ

шитоу цзяньцзы бу

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ tʰoʊ̯³ t͡ɕi̯ɛn²¹⁴ d͡z̥z̩⁴ pu⁵¹/

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ tʰoʊ̯³ t͡ɕi̯ɛn²¹⁴ d͡z̥z̩⁴ pu⁵¹/

(Mainland China) rock paper scissors (game)


圍棋

/weɪ̯³⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/uei²¹ t͡ɕʰi²¹/

/wɐi̯²¹ kʰei̯²¹⁻³⁵/

/vi²² kʰei²²⁻²²⁵/

/ˈui³⁵ t͡ɕʰi²⁴/

/ʋi¹¹ kʰi¹¹/

/vei¹¹ t͡ɕʰi¹¹/

/ui⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾i⁵³/

/ui²⁴⁻²² ki²⁴/

/ui²⁴⁻²² ki²⁴/

/ui¹³⁻²² ki¹³/

/ui²⁴⁻¹¹ ki²⁴/

/ui²³⁻³³ ki²³/

/ui⁵⁵⁻¹¹ ki⁵⁵/

/ɦue²² d͡ʑi⁴⁴/

/u̯e̞i̯¹³ t͡ɕi¹³/

/weɪ̯³⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/uei²¹ t͡ɕʰi²¹/

/wɐi̯²¹ kʰei̯²¹⁻³⁵/

/vi²² kʰei²²⁻²²⁵/

/ˈui³⁵ t͡ɕʰi²⁴/

/ʋi¹¹ kʰi¹¹/

/vei¹¹ t͡ɕʰi¹¹/

/ui⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾i⁵³/

/ui²⁴⁻²² ki²⁴/

/ui²⁴⁻²² ki²⁴/

/ui¹³⁻²² ki¹³/

/ui²⁴⁻¹¹ ki²⁴/

/ui²³⁻³³ ki²³/

/ui⁵⁵⁻¹¹ ki⁵⁵/

/ɦue²² d͡ʑi⁴⁴/

/u̯e̞i̯¹³ t͡ɕi¹³/


進士

Sino-Xenic (進士):
* → Japanese: 進(しん)士(し) (shinshi)
* → Korean: 진사(進士) (jinsa)
* → Vietnamese: tiến sĩ (進士)

/t͡ɕin⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/t͡ɕin⁵¹ ʂʐ̩¹/

/t͡sɵn³³ siː²²/

/t͡sin¹¹⁻⁵³ su³³/

/t͡sin²¹⁻⁴¹ su³³/

/t͡sin⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ si³³/

/t͡ɕin⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/t͡ɕin⁵¹ ʂʐ̩¹/

/t͡sɵn³³ siː²²/

/t͡sin¹¹⁻⁵³ su³³/

/t͡sin²¹⁻⁴¹ su³³/

/t͡sin⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ si³³/

狀元

進士及第／进士及第 (jìnshì jídì)

状元

進士及第／进士及第 (jìnshì jídì)

榜眼

進士及第／进士及第 (jìnshì jídì)

探花

進士及第／进士及第 (jìnshì jídì)

(Philippine Hokkien, dice games) a four of a kind dice roll (with four faces of any of the same number, except four) in a Mooncake Festival Dice Game


秀才

Sino-Xenic (秀才):
* → Japanese: 秀(しゅう)才(さい) (shūsai); 秀(す)才(さい) (susai)
* → Korean: 수재(秀才) (sujae)
* → Vietnamese: tú tài (秀才)

→ English: xiucai

/ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵¹ t͡sʰaɪ̯³⁵/

/ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵¹ t͡sʰaɪ̯¹/

/sɐu̯³³ t͡sʰɔːi̯²¹/

/sɐu̯³³ t͡sʰɔːi̯²¹⁻³⁵/

/siu⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ t͡sai²⁴/

/siu²¹³⁻⁵⁵ t͡sai⁵⁵/

/ɕiɤ³³ ze⁴⁴/

/ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵¹ t͡sʰaɪ̯³⁵/

/ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵¹ t͡sʰaɪ̯¹/

/sɐu̯³³ t͡sʰɔːi̯²¹/

/sɐu̯³³ t͡sʰɔːi̯²¹⁻³⁵/

/siu⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ t͡sai²⁴/

/siu²¹³⁻⁵⁵ t͡sai⁵⁵/

/ɕiɤ³³ ze⁴⁴/

(Philippine Hokkien, dice games) a dice roll with one face of four in a Mooncake Festival Dice Game


將軍

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕyn⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ d͡ʑ̥yn²/

/t͡ɕiaŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕyn⁵⁵/

/t͡sœːŋ⁵⁵ kʷɐn⁵⁵/

/t͡si̯oŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ ki̯un²⁴/

/t͡siɔŋ³³ kœyŋ⁵⁴/

/t͡siɔŋ⁵⁴ kœyŋ⁵⁴/

/t͡suoŋ⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋuŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kun⁴⁴/

/t͡siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kun⁴⁴/

/t͡siaŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kun⁴⁴/

/t͡siaŋ³³⁻²³ kuŋ³³/

/t͡ɕiã⁵⁵ t͡ɕyn²¹/

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕyn⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ d͡ʑ̥yn²/

/t͡ɕiaŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕyn⁵⁵/

/t͡sœːŋ⁵⁵ kʷɐn⁵⁵/

/t͡si̯oŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ ki̯un²⁴/

/t͡siɔŋ³³ kœyŋ⁵⁴/

/t͡siɔŋ⁵⁴ kœyŋ⁵⁴/

/t͡suoŋ⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋuŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kun⁴⁴/

/t͡siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kun⁴⁴/

/t͡siaŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kun⁴⁴/

/t͡siaŋ³³⁻²³ kuŋ³³/

/t͡ɕiã⁵⁵ t͡ɕyn²¹/

First used in the state of Jin in Spring and Autumn period, where the army are controled by one of the leaders of six powerful vassal states (see Zhongjunjiang). Later it becomes a separate official position.


將軍

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕyn⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ d͡ʑ̥yn²/

/t͡ɕiaŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕyn⁵⁵/

/t͡sœːŋ⁵⁵ kʷɐn⁵⁵/

/t͡si̯oŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ ki̯un²⁴/

/t͡siɔŋ³³ kœyŋ⁵⁴/

/t͡siɔŋ⁵⁴ kœyŋ⁵⁴/

/t͡suoŋ⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋuŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kun⁴⁴/

/t͡siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kun⁴⁴/

/t͡siaŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kun⁴⁴/

/t͡siaŋ³³⁻²³ kuŋ³³/

/t͡ɕiã⁵⁵ t͡ɕyn²¹/

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕyn⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ d͡ʑ̥yn²/

/t͡ɕiaŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕyn⁵⁵/

/t͡sœːŋ⁵⁵ kʷɐn⁵⁵/

/t͡si̯oŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ ki̯un²⁴/

/t͡siɔŋ³³ kœyŋ⁵⁴/

/t͡siɔŋ⁵⁴ kœyŋ⁵⁴/

/t͡suoŋ⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋuŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kun⁴⁴/

/t͡siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kun⁴⁴/

/t͡siaŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kun⁴⁴/

/t͡siaŋ³³⁻²³ kuŋ³³/

/t͡ɕiã⁵⁵ t͡ɕyn²¹/


翻身

Sino-Xenic (翻身):
* → Japanese: 翻身(ほんしん) (honshin)

/fän⁵⁵ ʂən⁵⁵/

/fan²⁴⁻¹¹ sɨn²⁴/

/fän⁵⁵ ʂən⁵⁵/

/fan²⁴⁻¹¹ sɨn²⁴/

(classical Chinese dance) to perform a turning technique in which the dancer keeps the torso tilted while stretching out both arms on a vertical plane, spinning to resemble an electric fan


白板

→ Japanese: 白板(パイパン) (paipan)

/paɪ̯³⁵ pän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/paɪ̯³⁵ pɑɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/paɪ̯³⁵ pän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/paɪ̯³⁵ pɑɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


葫蘆

/fuː⁵⁵ lou̯²¹⁻³⁵/

/fuː⁵⁵ lou̯²¹⁻³⁵/

Phono-semantic matching of English full.

葫芦
壺蘆
胡盧
胡蘆
壺盧
葫芦
夫佬
俘虜


郵票

→ Tibetan: ཡོའོ་པེའུ (yo'o pe'u)

desc

→ Lü: ᦍᦲᧁᧉᦶᦕᧁᧈ (yiiw²ṗhaew¹)

→ Lü: ᦍᦲᧁᧉᦶᦕᧁᧈ (yiiw²ṗhaew¹)

/joʊ̯³⁵ pʰi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/jɐu̯²¹ pʰiːu̯³³/

/iu³⁵ pʰiɛu²¹³/

/i̯u¹¹ pʰeu̯²⁴/

/iu²⁴⁻²² pʰio²¹/

/iu²⁴⁻²² pʰio⁴¹/

/iu¹³⁻²² pʰio²¹/

/iu²⁴⁻¹¹ pʰio¹¹/

/iu²³⁻³³ pʰiɤ²¹/

/iu⁵⁵⁻¹¹ pʰie²¹³/

/iu⁵⁵⁻¹¹ pʰio²¹³/

/ɦiɤ²² pʰiɔ⁴⁴/

/joʊ̯³⁵ pʰi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/jɐu̯²¹ pʰiːu̯³³/

/iu³⁵ pʰiɛu²¹³/

/i̯u¹¹ pʰeu̯²⁴/

/iu²⁴⁻²² pʰio²¹/

/iu²⁴⁻²² pʰio⁴¹/

/iu¹³⁻²² pʰio²¹/

/iu²⁴⁻¹¹ pʰio¹¹/

/iu²³⁻³³ pʰiɤ²¹/

/iu⁵⁵⁻¹¹ pʰie²¹³/

/iu⁵⁵⁻¹¹ pʰio²¹³/

/ɦiɤ²² pʰiɔ⁴⁴/

收集郵票

收集邮票

(countable) postage stamp (Classifier: 枚 m)


地圖

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (地圖):
* → Japanese: 地図(ちず) (chizu)
* → Korean: 지도(地圖) (jido)
* → Vietnamese: địa đồ (地圖)

/ei³² hu²²⁻²²⁵/

/tʰi⁵⁵ tʰu¹¹/

/tʰi³³ tʰu⁵⁵/

/ti²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾lu⁵³/

/te⁴¹⁻²² tɔ²⁴/

/te²²⁻²¹ tɔ²⁴/

/te³³⁻²¹ tɔ²³/

/te²²⁻²¹ tɔ¹³/

/tue³³⁻¹¹ tɔ²⁴/

/ei³² hu²²⁻²²⁵/

/tʰi⁵⁵ tʰu¹¹/

/tʰi³³ tʰu⁵⁵/

/ti²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾lu⁵³/

/te⁴¹⁻²² tɔ²⁴/

/te²²⁻²¹ tɔ²⁴/

/te³³⁻²¹ tɔ²³/

/te²²⁻²¹ tɔ¹³/

/tue³³⁻¹¹ tɔ²⁴/

(video games) map (imaginary or fictional area where a game or a session thereof takes place)


娃娃

/ua²¹ ua²¹⁻⁵⁵/

/waː⁵⁵ waː⁵⁵/

/va¹¹ va¹¹⁻⁴⁵/

/ua⁴⁴⁻²² ua⁴⁴/

/ua⁴⁴⁻²² ua⁴⁴/

/ua⁴⁴⁻³³ ua⁴⁴/

/ua⁴⁴⁻³³ ua⁴⁴/

/ua³³⁻²³ ua³³/

/ua²¹ ua²¹⁻⁵⁵/

/waː⁵⁵ waː⁵⁵/

/va¹¹ va¹¹⁻⁴⁵/

/ua⁴⁴⁻²² ua⁴⁴/

/ua⁴⁴⁻²² ua⁴⁴/

/ua⁴⁴⁻³³ ua⁴⁴/

/ua⁴⁴⁻³³ ua⁴⁴/

/ua³³⁻²³ ua³³/

Probably based on the sound of a baby's cry.

⁶ngu ⁵shian ⁶ma ⁷tsaq ¹ua-ua ⁵son-peq-yi

我想買隻娃娃送撥伊。

我想买只娃娃送拨伊。

doll; toy figurine (especially one shaped as a baby)


迪斯科

/ti³⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ kʰɤ⁵⁵/

/tɪk̚² siː⁵⁵ fɔː⁵⁵/

/tiak̚²⁴⁻² sɯ³³ kʰo³³/

/tiɪk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ su⁴⁴⁻²² kʰo⁴⁴/

/tiɪk̚⁴⁻³² su⁴⁴⁻²² kʰo⁴⁴/

/ti³⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ kʰɤ⁵⁵/

/tɪk̚² siː⁵⁵ fɔː⁵⁵/

/tiak̚²⁴⁻² sɯ³³ kʰo³³/

/tiɪk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ su⁴⁴⁻²² kʰo⁴⁴/

/tiɪk̚⁴⁻³² su⁴⁴⁻²² kʰo⁴⁴/

disco music (including Disco, Eurodisco, and Italo disco)


著數

→ English: jetso
→ Cantonese: jetso, so

/ʈ͡ʂɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ʂu⁵¹/

/t͡sœːk̚² sou̯³³/

/ʈ͡ʂɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ʂu⁵¹/

/t͡sœːk̚² sou̯³³/

/ʈ͡ʂu̯ɔ³⁵ ʂu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sœːk̚² sou̯³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂu̯ɔ³⁵ ʂu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sœːk̚² sou̯³⁵/


招數

/ʈ͡ʂɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ʂu⁵¹/

/t͡siau⁴⁴⁻²² sɔ²¹/

/t͡siau⁴⁴⁻²² sɔ²¹/

/t͡siau⁴⁴⁻³³ sɔ¹¹/

/t͡siau⁴⁴⁻³³ sɔ²¹/

/ʈ͡ʂɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ʂu⁵¹/

/t͡siau⁴⁴⁻²² sɔ²¹/

/t͡siau⁴⁴⁻²² sɔ²¹/

/t͡siau⁴⁴⁻³³ sɔ¹¹/

/t͡siau⁴⁴⁻³³ sɔ²¹/


尖子

/t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵ d͡z̥z̩²/

/t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵ d͡z̥z̩²/


天元

Sino-Xenic (天元):
* → Japanese: 天元(てんげん) (tengen)

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

(go) The point at the center of the board.


頭家

desc

→ Burmese: ထောင်ကဲ (htaungkai:, “honorific term for a Chinese man”)

→ Malay: tauke

→ English: towkay (Malaysian English)

Indonesian: tauke (“business owner”)

→ Lao: ເຖົ້າແກ່ (thao kǣ)

→ Tai Dam: ꪹꪖ꫁ꪱꪵꪀ꪿

→ Tai Dam: ꪹꪖ꫁ꪱꪵꪀ꪿

→ Thai: เถ้าแก่ (tâo-gɛ̀ɛ)

→ Thai: เถ้าแก่ (tâo-gɛ̀ɛ)

→ Khmer: ថៅកែ (thaw kae)

→ Vietnamese: tào kê

/tʰoʊ̯³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵/

/tʰɐu̯²¹ kaː⁵⁵/

/tʰau¹³⁻²¹ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ɒ⁵³³/

/tʰau¹³⁻²¹ ke⁵³³/

/tʰau²⁴⁻²² ke³³/

/tʰau²⁴⁻¹¹ ke⁴⁴/

/tʰau²⁴⁻²¹ ke⁴⁴/

/tʰau²⁴⁻³³ ke⁴⁴/

/tʰau²³⁻³³ ke⁴⁴/

/tʰau²⁴⁻²² ke⁴⁴/

/tʰau¹³⁻²² kɛ⁴⁴/

/tʰau⁵⁵⁻¹¹ ke³³/

/tʰau²² kɛ³⁵/

/tʰoʊ̯³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵/

/tʰɐu̯²¹ kaː⁵⁵/

/tʰau¹³⁻²¹ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ɒ⁵³³/

/tʰau¹³⁻²¹ ke⁵³³/

/tʰau²⁴⁻²² ke³³/

/tʰau²⁴⁻¹¹ ke⁴⁴/

/tʰau²⁴⁻²¹ ke⁴⁴/

/tʰau²⁴⁻³³ ke⁴⁴/

/tʰau²³⁻³³ ke⁴⁴/

/tʰau²⁴⁻²² ke⁴⁴/

/tʰau¹³⁻²² kɛ⁴⁴/

/tʰau⁵⁵⁻¹¹ ke³³/

/tʰau²² kɛ³⁵/

(gambling) organizer of a gambling party who takes a cut of the winnings

(gambling, card games) banker of the first round


東方

ja-r

東方(とうほう) (tōhō)

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (東方):
* → Japanese: 東方(とうほう) (tōhō)
* → Korean: 동방(東方) (dongbang)
* → Vietnamese: đông phương (東方)

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ fɑŋ⁵⁵/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ fɑ̃ɻ⁵⁵/

/toŋ⁵⁵ faŋ⁵⁵/

/tuŋ²⁴ fɑŋ²⁴/

/tuŋ²⁴ fɑŋ⁵¹/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ fɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/tuŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ foŋ²⁴/

/tʊŋ⁴⁴ fɔŋ⁴⁴/

/tɔŋ³³ hɔŋ³³/

/tɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² hɔŋ⁴⁴/

/tɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ hɔŋ⁴⁴/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ hɔŋ⁴⁴/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ hŋ̍⁴⁴/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻²² hŋ̍⁴⁴/

/taŋ³³ hŋ̍³³/

/taŋ³³⁻²³ huaŋ³³/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ fɑŋ⁵⁵/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ fɑ̃ɻ⁵⁵/

/toŋ⁵⁵ faŋ⁵⁵/

/tuŋ²⁴ fɑŋ²⁴/

/tuŋ²⁴ fɑŋ⁵¹/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ fɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/tuŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ foŋ²⁴/

/tʊŋ⁴⁴ fɔŋ⁴⁴/

/tɔŋ³³ hɔŋ³³/

/tɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² hɔŋ⁴⁴/

/tɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ hɔŋ⁴⁴/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ hɔŋ⁴⁴/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ hŋ̍⁴⁴/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻²² hŋ̍⁴⁴/

/taŋ³³ hŋ̍³³/

/taŋ³³⁻²³ huaŋ³³/

Short for 東方Project／东方Project (“Touhou Project, a popular bullet hell video game series”).


棋聖

/t͡ɕʰi³⁵ ʂɤŋ⁵¹/

/t͡ɕʰi³⁵ ʂɤŋ⁵¹/


小卒

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡su³⁵/

/siːu̯³⁵ t͡sɵt̚⁵/

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡su³⁵/

/siːu̯³⁵ t͡sɵt̚⁵/

(xiangqi, chess) pawn (on the black side)


集郵

/t͡ɕi³⁵ joʊ̯³⁵/

/t͡saːp̚² jɐu̯²¹/

/t͡sip̚⁴⁻³² iu²⁴/

/t͡sip̚²⁴⁻² iu²⁴/

/t͡sip̚¹²¹⁻²¹ iu¹³/

/t͡sip̚⁴⁻³² iu²⁴/

/t͡sip̚⁴⁻³² iu²³/

/t͡ɕi³⁵ joʊ̯³⁵/

/t͡saːp̚² jɐu̯²¹/

/t͡sip̚⁴⁻³² iu²⁴/

/t͡sip̚²⁴⁻² iu²⁴/

/t͡sip̚¹²¹⁻²¹ iu¹³/

/t͡sip̚⁴⁻³² iu²⁴/

/t͡sip̚⁴⁻³² iu²³/


條子

/tʰi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵ d͡z̥z̩³/

/tʰiːu̯²¹ t͡siː³⁵/

/tʰi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵ d͡z̥z̩³/

/tʰiːu̯²¹ t͡siː³⁵/


花色

/xu̯ä⁵⁵ sɤ⁵¹/

/faː⁵⁵ sɪk̚⁵/

/hue⁴⁴⁻²² siɪk̚³²/

/hue⁴⁴⁻³³ siɪk̚³²/

/hua⁴⁴⁻²² siɪk̚³²/

/ho⁵⁵ səʔ²¹/

/xu̯ä⁵⁵ sɤ⁵¹/

/faː⁵⁵ sɪk̚⁵/

/hue⁴⁴⁻²² siɪk̚³²/

/hue⁴⁴⁻³³ siɪk̚³²/

/hua⁴⁴⁻²² siɪk̚³²/

/ho⁵⁵ səʔ²¹/


疙瘩

紇瘩
圪瘩
疙噠
紇噠
圪噠
疙塔
紇塔
圪塔
疙墶
圪墶
疙疸

/kəʔ⁴⁵⁻⁵⁴ taʔ²/

/kit̚³²⁻⁴ tap̚³²/

/kit̚³²⁻⁵ tap̚³²/

/kəʔ³³ taʔ⁴⁴/

/kəʔ⁴⁵⁻⁵⁴ taʔ²/

/kit̚³²⁻⁴ tap̚³²/

/kit̚³²⁻⁵ tap̚³²/

/kəʔ³³ taʔ⁴⁴/

(regional, colloquial, card games) queen (Q)


以訛傳訛

ㄧˇ ㄜˊ ㄔㄨㄢˊ ㄜˊ

/i²¹⁴⁻²¹ ˀɤ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än³⁵ ˀɤ³⁵/

/jiː¹³ ŋɔː¹³ t͡sʰyːn²¹ ŋɔː²¹/

/i⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡo²⁴⁻²² tuan²⁴⁻²² ɡo²⁴/

/i²¹⁴⁻²¹ ˀɤ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än³⁵ ˀɤ³⁵/

/jiː¹³ ŋɔː¹³ t͡sʰyːn²¹ ŋɔː²¹/

/i⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡo²⁴⁻²² tuan²⁴⁻²² ɡo²⁴/


圈子

/t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn⁵⁵ d͡z̥z̩²/

/ʈ͡ʂʰuæ̃²⁴ t͡sz̩²⁴/

/kʰuan²⁴⁻²² t͡sɯ⁵⁵⁴/

/kʰuan²⁴⁻²² t͡su⁵³/

/t͡ɕʰyø⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹/

/t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn⁵⁵ d͡z̥z̩²/

/ʈ͡ʂʰuæ̃²⁴ t͡sz̩²⁴/

/kʰuan²⁴⁻²² t͡sɯ⁵⁵⁴/

/kʰuan²⁴⁻²² t͡su⁵³/

/t͡ɕʰyø⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹/


電視遊樂器

ㄉㄧㄢˋ ㄕˋ ㄧㄡˊ ㄌㄜˋ ㄑㄧˋ

дяньши юлэци

/ti̯ɛn⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹ joʊ̯³⁵ lɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕʰi⁵¹/

(Taiwanese Mandarin, video games) video game console


放炮

/fɑŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ pʰɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/fɔːŋ³³ pʰaːu̯³³/

/paŋ²¹⁻⁵³ pʰau²¹/

/paŋ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ pʰau⁴¹/

/paŋ²¹⁻⁵³ pʰau²¹/

/paŋ¹¹⁻⁵³ pʰau¹¹/

/paŋ²¹⁻⁴¹ pʰau²¹/

/fɑŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ pʰɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/fɔːŋ³³ pʰaːu̯³³/

/paŋ²¹⁻⁵³ pʰau²¹/

/paŋ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ pʰau⁴¹/

/paŋ²¹⁻⁵³ pʰau²¹/

/paŋ¹¹⁻⁵³ pʰau¹¹/

/paŋ²¹⁻⁴¹ pʰau²¹/

(mahjong) to discard a tile that another player uses to complete their hand to win


出張

/ʈ͡ʂʰu⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂɑŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰɵt̚⁵ t͡sœːŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰut̚³²⁻⁴ tiũ⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰut̚³²⁻⁴ tiɔŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰut̚³²⁻⁴ tiaŋ⁴⁴/

/ʈ͡ʂʰu⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂɑŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰɵt̚⁵ t͡sœːŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰut̚³²⁻⁴ tiũ⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰut̚³²⁻⁴ tiɔŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰut̚³²⁻⁴ tiaŋ⁴⁴/


賭場

/tu²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵/

/tu⁵³ t͡sʰaŋ²¹/

/tou̯³⁵ t͡sʰœːŋ²¹/

/tu³¹ t͡sʰoŋ¹¹/

/tu²⁴⁻³³ t͡ʃʰoŋ⁵⁵/

/tɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tiũ²³/

/tɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tiũ²⁴/

/tu²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵/

/tu⁵³ t͡sʰaŋ²¹/

/tou̯³⁵ t͡sʰœːŋ²¹/

/tu³¹ t͡sʰoŋ¹¹/

/tu²⁴⁻³³ t͡ʃʰoŋ⁵⁵/

/tɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tiũ²³/

/tɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tiũ²⁴/

casino; gambling house (Classifier: 家 m; 間／间 m c)


驚鴻

/t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ xʊŋ³⁵/

/t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ xʊŋ³⁵/

(archaic) an elegant and graceful dancer


落地

/lu̯ɔ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ti⁵¹/

/lɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ ti⁵¹/

/lɔːk̚² tei̯²²/

/l̃oʔ⁵⁻²¹ tɛi²⁴²/

/l̃oʔ⁵⁻²¹ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾lɛi²⁴²/

/lɔk̚⁴⁻³² te³³/

/lɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ te²²/

/lɔk̚²⁴⁻² te⁴¹/

/lɔk̚⁴⁻³² te²²/

/lɔk̚²⁴⁻² tue⁴¹/

/lɔk̚⁴⁻³² tue³³/

/lɔk̚⁴⁻³² tue²²/

/lu̯ɔ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ti⁵¹/

/lɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ ti⁵¹/

/lɔːk̚² tei̯²²/

/l̃oʔ⁵⁻²¹ tɛi²⁴²/

/l̃oʔ⁵⁻²¹ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾lɛi²⁴²/

/lɔk̚⁴⁻³² te³³/

/lɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ te²²/

/lɔk̚²⁴⁻² te⁴¹/

/lɔk̚⁴⁻³² te²²/

/lɔk̚²⁴⁻² tue⁴¹/

/lɔk̚⁴⁻³² tue³³/

/lɔk̚⁴⁻³² tue²²/

(Cantonese, mahjong, of a player's tiles) to be revealed by being turned face up


王者

/wɑŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂɤ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/wɔːŋ²¹ t͡sɛː³⁵/

/ɔŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡sia⁵³/

/ɔŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡sia⁵⁵⁴/

/ɔŋ¹³⁻²² t͡sia⁵³/

/ɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sia⁵³/

/ɔŋ²³⁻³³ t͡sia⁴¹/

/uaŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sia⁵²/

/wɑŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂɤ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/wɔːŋ²¹ t͡sɛː³⁵/

/ɔŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡sia⁵³/

/ɔŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡sia⁵⁵⁴/

/ɔŋ¹³⁻²² t͡sia⁵³/

/ɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sia⁵³/

/ɔŋ²³⁻³³ t͡sia⁴¹/

/uaŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sia⁵²/

(video games, informal) Short for 王者榮耀／王者荣耀 (Wángzhě Róngyào, “Honor of Kings”).


城堡

/ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵ pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʈ͡ʂʰəŋ²⁴ pʰou⁵¹/

/sɪŋ²¹ pou̯³⁵/

/siã²⁴⁻²² po⁵³/

/siã²⁴⁻²² po⁵⁵⁴/

/siã¹³⁻²² po⁵³/

/siã²⁴⁻¹¹ po⁵³/

/siã²³⁻³³ pɤ⁴¹/

/zən²² pɔ⁴⁴/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵ pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʈ͡ʂʰəŋ²⁴ pʰou⁵¹/

/sɪŋ²¹ pou̯³⁵/

/siã²⁴⁻²² po⁵³/

/siã²⁴⁻²² po⁵⁵⁴/

/siã¹³⁻²² po⁵³/

/siã²⁴⁻¹¹ po⁵³/

/siã²³⁻³³ pɤ⁴¹/

/zən²² pɔ⁴⁴/


舞廳

/u²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰiŋ⁵⁵/

/mou̯¹³ tʰɛːŋ⁵⁵/

/bu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tʰiã⁴⁴/

/bu⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tʰiã³³/

/bu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tʰiã⁴⁴/

/bu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tʰiã⁴⁴/

/bu⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tʰiã⁴⁴/

/u²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰiŋ⁵⁵/

/mou̯¹³ tʰɛːŋ⁵⁵/

/bu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tʰiã⁴⁴/

/bu⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tʰiã³³/

/bu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tʰiã⁴⁴/

/bu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tʰiã⁴⁴/

/bu⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tʰiã⁴⁴/


交際舞

/t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵ t͡ɕi⁵¹ u²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kaːu̯⁵⁵ t͡sɐi̯³³ mou̯¹³/

/kau⁴⁴⁻²² t͡se²¹⁻⁵³ bu⁵³/

/kau³³ t͡se⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ bu⁵⁵⁴/

/kau⁴⁴⁻²² t͡se²¹⁻⁵³ bu⁵³/

/kau⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡se¹¹⁻⁵³ bu⁵³/

/kau⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡se²¹⁻⁴¹ bu⁴¹/

/t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵ t͡ɕi⁵¹ u²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kaːu̯⁵⁵ t͡sɐi̯³³ mou̯¹³/

/kau⁴⁴⁻²² t͡se²¹⁻⁵³ bu⁵³/

/kau³³ t͡se⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ bu⁵⁵⁴/

/kau⁴⁴⁻²² t͡se²¹⁻⁵³ bu⁵³/

/kau⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡se¹¹⁻⁵³ bu⁵³/

/kau⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡se²¹⁻⁴¹ bu⁴¹/


胡桃

/xu³⁵ tʰɑʊ̯³⁵/

/xu²⁴ tʰɔ²⁴/

/wuː²¹ tʰou̯²¹/

/ɔ²⁴⁻²² tʰo²⁴/

/ɔ²⁴⁻²² tʰo²⁴/

/ɔ¹³⁻²² tʰo¹³/

/ɔ²⁴⁻¹¹ tʰo²⁴/

/ɔ²³⁻³³ tʰɤ²³/

/xu³⁵ tʰɑʊ̯³⁵/

/xu²⁴ tʰɔ²⁴/

/wuː²¹ tʰou̯²¹/

/ɔ²⁴⁻²² tʰo²⁴/

/ɔ²⁴⁻²² tʰo²⁴/

/ɔ¹³⁻²² tʰo¹³/

/ɔ²⁴⁻¹¹ tʰo²⁴/

/ɔ²³⁻³³ tʰɤ²³/

(Nanjing Mandarin, card games) spade (♠)


飛盤

/feɪ̯⁵⁵ pʰän³⁵/

/feɪ̯⁵⁵ pʰän³⁵/


桃子

/tʰɑʊ̯³⁵ d͡z̥z̩³/

/tʰou̯²¹ t͡siː³⁵/

/dɔ²² t͡sz̩⁴⁴/

/tʰɑʊ̯³⁵ d͡z̥z̩³/

/tʰou̯²¹ t͡siː³⁵/

/dɔ²² t͡sz̩⁴⁴/


保齡球

ㄅㄠˇ ㄌㄧㄥˊ ㄑㄧㄡˊ

/pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ liŋ³⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯oʊ̯³⁵/

ㄅㄠˇ ㄌㄧㄥˊ ㄑㄧㄡˊㄦ

/pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ liŋ³⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɤʊ̯ɻʷ³⁵/

/pou̯³⁵ lɪŋ²¹ kʰɐu̯²¹/

/po⁵³⁻⁴⁴ liɪŋ²⁴⁻²² kiu²⁴/

/po⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ liɪŋ²⁴⁻²² kiu²⁴/

/po⁵³⁻⁴⁴ liɪŋ¹³⁻²² kiu¹³/

/po⁵³⁻⁴⁴ liɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ kiu²⁴/

/pɤ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ liɪŋ²³⁻³³ kiu²³/

/po⁵²⁻³⁵ leŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ kiu⁵⁵/

/bo⁵²⁻³⁵ liŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ kiu⁵⁵/

/pɔ³³ lin⁵⁵ d͡ʑiɤ²¹/

/pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ liŋ³⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ liŋ³⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɤʊ̯ɻʷ³⁵/

/pou̯³⁵ lɪŋ²¹ kʰɐu̯²¹/

/po⁵³⁻⁴⁴ liɪŋ²⁴⁻²² kiu²⁴/

/po⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ liɪŋ²⁴⁻²² kiu²⁴/

/po⁵³⁻⁴⁴ liɪŋ¹³⁻²² kiu¹³/

/po⁵³⁻⁴⁴ liɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ kiu²⁴/

/pɤ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ liɪŋ²³⁻³³ kiu²³/

/po⁵²⁻³⁵ leŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ kiu⁵⁵/

/bo⁵²⁻³⁵ liŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ kiu⁵⁵/

/pɔ³³ lin⁵⁵ d͡ʑiɤ²¹/


任天堂

/ʐən⁵¹ tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ tʰɑŋ³⁵/

/jɐm²² tʰiːn⁵⁵ tʰɔːŋ²¹/

/ʐən⁵¹ tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ tʰɑŋ³⁵/

/jɐm²² tʰiːn⁵⁵ tʰɔːŋ²¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 任天堂 (Nintendō).


舞蹈家

/u²¹⁴⁻³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵/

/u²¹⁴⁻²¹ tɑʊ̯⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵/

/bu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ to²²⁻²¹ ka⁴⁴/

/bu⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ to⁴¹⁻²² ka³³/

/bu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ to²²⁻²¹ ka⁴⁴/

/bu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ to³³⁻¹¹ ka⁴⁴/

/bu⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tɤ³³⁻²¹ ka⁴⁴/

/u²¹⁴⁻³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵/

/u²¹⁴⁻²¹ tɑʊ̯⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵/

/bu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ to²²⁻²¹ ka⁴⁴/

/bu⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ to⁴¹⁻²² ka³³/

/bu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ to²²⁻²¹ ka⁴⁴/

/bu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ to³³⁻¹¹ ka⁴⁴/

/bu⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tɤ³³⁻²¹ ka⁴⁴/


舞蹈

/u²¹⁴⁻³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/u²¹⁴⁻²¹ tɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/bu⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tɤ³³/

/bu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ to³³/

/bu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ to²²/

/bu⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tɔ⁴¹/

/bu⁵²⁻³⁵ tau³⁵/

/u²¹⁴⁻³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/u²¹⁴⁻²¹ tɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/bu⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tɤ³³/

/bu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ to³³/

/bu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ to²²/

/bu⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tɔ⁴¹/

/bu⁵²⁻³⁵ tau³⁵/

舞蹈比賽

舞蹈比赛

(countable, uncountable) dance (performance art); dancing


舞蹈設計

ㄨˇ ㄉㄠˇ ㄕㄜˋ ㄐㄧˋ

ㄨˇ ㄉㄠˋ ㄕㄜˋ ㄐㄧˋ

/u²¹⁴⁻³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕi⁵¹/

/u²¹⁴⁻²¹ tɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕi⁵¹/

/mou̯¹³ tou̯²² t͡sʰiːt̚³ kɐi̯³³/

/bu⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tɤ³³⁻²¹ siɛt̚³²⁻⁴ ke²¹/

/bu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ to²²⁻²¹ siɛt̚³²⁻⁴ ke²¹/

/bu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ to³³⁻¹¹ siɛt̚³²⁻⁴ ke¹¹/

/bu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ to²²⁻²¹ siɛt̚³²⁻⁵ ke²¹/

/bu⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tɔ⁴¹⁻²² siɛt̚⁵⁻²⁴ ke⁴¹/

/u²¹⁴⁻³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕi⁵¹/

/u²¹⁴⁻²¹ tɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕi⁵¹/

/mou̯¹³ tou̯²² t͡sʰiːt̚³ kɐi̯³³/

/bu⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tɤ³³⁻²¹ siɛt̚³²⁻⁴ ke²¹/

/bu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ to²²⁻²¹ siɛt̚³²⁻⁴ ke²¹/

/bu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ to³³⁻¹¹ siɛt̚³²⁻⁴ ke¹¹/

/bu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ to²²⁻²¹ siɛt̚³²⁻⁵ ke²¹/

/bu⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tɔ⁴¹⁻²² siɛt̚⁵⁻²⁴ ke⁴¹/


木偶

/mu⁵¹ ˀoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/mʊk̚² ŋɐu̯¹³/

/bɔk̚²⁴⁻² ɡio⁵⁵⁴/

/bɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ ŋɔ̃⁵³/

/bɔk̚⁴⁻³² ŋɔ̃⁵³/

/bak̚⁴⁻² ŋou⁵²/

/mu⁵¹ ˀoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/mʊk̚² ŋɐu̯¹³/

/bɔk̚²⁴⁻² ɡio⁵⁵⁴/

/bɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ ŋɔ̃⁵³/

/bɔk̚⁴⁻³² ŋɔ̃⁵³/

/bak̚⁴⁻² ŋou⁵²/


發財

/fä⁵⁵ t͡sʰaɪ̯³⁵/

/faːt̚³ t͡sʰɔːi̯²¹/

/huaʔ²⁴⁻²¹ t͡sai⁵³/

/fä⁵⁵ t͡sʰaɪ̯³⁵/

/faːt̚³ t͡sʰɔːi̯²¹/

/huaʔ²⁴⁻²¹ t͡sai⁵³/


上士

/ʂɑŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/sœːŋ²² siː²²/

/siɔŋ²²⁻²¹ su²²/

/ʂɑŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/sœːŋ²² siː²²/

/siɔŋ²²⁻²¹ su²²/

/sœːŋ¹³ siː²²/

/ʂɑŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/sœːŋ¹³ siː²²/

(xiangqi) to move an adviser (士) forward diagonally


下士

/ɕi̯ä⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/ɕia²¹³ sz̩²¹³/

/ɕia⁴⁴ sz̩⁴⁴/

/haː²² siː²²/

/ɕia⁴⁵ sz̩⁴⁵/

/ha³³⁻²¹ su³³/

/ha²²⁻²¹ su²²/

/ha³³⁻¹¹ su³³/

/hɛ²²⁻²¹ su²²/

/ɕi̯a̠²¹⁻¹¹ sz̩⁴⁵/

/ɕi̯ä⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/ɕia²¹³ sz̩²¹³/

/ɕia⁴⁴ sz̩⁴⁴/

/haː²² siː²²/

/ɕia⁴⁵ sz̩⁴⁵/

/ha³³⁻²¹ su³³/

/ha²²⁻²¹ su²²/

/ha³³⁻¹¹ su³³/

/hɛ²²⁻²¹ su²²/

/ɕi̯a̠²¹⁻¹¹ sz̩⁴⁵/

(xiangqi) to move an adviser (士) back one step diagonally


孖Q

/maː⁵⁵ kʰiːu̯⁵⁵/

/maː⁵⁵ kʰiːu̯⁵⁵/

(Cantonese, gambling) double quinella (in horseracing)


Q棍

/kʰi̯oʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ ku̯ən⁵¹/

/kʰiːu̯⁵⁵ kʷɐn³³/

/kʰi̯oʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ ku̯ən⁵¹/

/kʰiːu̯⁵⁵ kʷɐn³³/


傷害

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (傷害):
* → Japanese: 傷(しょう)害(がい) (shōgai)
* → Korean: 상해(傷害) (sanghae)
* → Vietnamese: thương hại (傷害)

/ʂɑŋ⁵⁵ xaɪ̯⁵¹/

/sœːŋ⁵⁵ hɔːi̯²²/

/soŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ hoi̯⁵⁵/

/sɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ hoɪ⁵³/

/siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² hai²²/

/siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ hai³³/

/siaŋ⁴⁴⁻²² hai²²/

/sĩẽ³³⁻²³ hai¹¹/

/sĩõ³³⁻²³ hai¹¹/

/ʂɑŋ⁵⁵ xaɪ̯⁵¹/

/sœːŋ⁵⁵ hɔːi̯²²/

/soŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ hoi̯⁵⁵/

/sɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ hoɪ⁵³/

/siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² hai²²/

/siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ hai³³/

/siaŋ⁴⁴⁻²² hai²²/

/sĩẽ³³⁻²³ hai¹¹/

/sĩõ³³⁻²³ hai¹¹/


芭蕾

/pä⁵⁵ leɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pä⁵⁵ leɪ̯³⁵/

/paː⁵⁵ lɵy̯²¹/

/pa⁴⁴⁻²² lui¹³/

/pa⁴⁴⁻²² lui²⁴/

/pa⁴⁴⁻³³ le²⁴/

/pa⁴⁴⁻³³ le²³/

/pa⁴⁴⁻³³ le⁴¹/

/pa⁴⁴⁻³³ le⁵³/

/pä⁵⁵ leɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pä⁵⁵ leɪ̯³⁵/

/paː⁵⁵ lɵy̯²¹/

/pa⁴⁴⁻²² lui¹³/

/pa⁴⁴⁻²² lui²⁴/

/pa⁴⁴⁻³³ le²⁴/

/pa⁴⁴⁻³³ le²³/

/pa⁴⁴⁻³³ le⁴¹/

/pa⁴⁴⁻³³ le⁵³/


探戈舞

/tʰän⁵¹ kɤ⁵⁵ u²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʰaːm³³ kʷɔː⁵⁵ mou̯¹³/

/tʰän⁵¹ kɤ⁵⁵ u²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʰaːm³³ kʷɔː⁵⁵ mou̯¹³/


探戈

/tʰän⁵¹ kɤ⁵⁵/

/tʰän⁵⁵ g̊oʊ̯²/

/tʰaːm³³ kʷɔː⁵⁵/

/tʰan²¹⁻⁴¹ ɡɔ²¹/

/tʰan¹¹⁻⁵³ ɡɔ¹¹/

/tʰän⁵¹ kɤ⁵⁵/

/tʰän⁵⁵ g̊oʊ̯²/

/tʰaːm³³ kʷɔː⁵⁵/

/tʰan²¹⁻⁴¹ ɡɔ²¹/

/tʰan¹¹⁻⁵³ ɡɔ¹¹/

Borrowed from English or Spanish tango. For Taiwanese Hokkien and Hakka, via Japanese タンゴ (tango).

1988, “最後的探戈”, 俞隆華 (lyrics), 范佩嵐 (music)performed by 葉啟田:

Tonight's tango, sour, sweet, and bitter

kim-iā ê thàn-gò͘, sng-sng-tiⁿ-tiⁿ iū khó͘-khó͘

今夜的探戈 酸酸甜甜又苦苦


舞池

/u²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩³⁵/

/mou̯¹³ t͡sʰiː²¹/

/bu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ti²⁴/

/bu⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ ti²⁴/

/bu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ti¹³/

/bu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ti²⁴/

/bu⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ti²³/

/u²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩³⁵/

/mou̯¹³ t͡sʰiː²¹/

/bu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ti²⁴/

/bu⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ ti²⁴/

/bu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ti¹³/

/bu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ti²⁴/

/bu⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ti²³/


真心話大冒險

ㄓㄣ ㄒㄧㄣ ㄏㄨㄚˋ ㄉㄚˋ ㄇㄠˋ ㄒㄧㄢˇ

чжэньсиньхуа дамаосянь

/ʈ͡ʂən⁵⁵ ɕin⁵⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹⁻⁵³ tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ mɑʊ̯⁵¹ ɕi̯ɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sɐn⁵⁵ sɐm⁵⁵ waː²²⁻³⁵ taːi̯²² mou̯²² hiːm³⁵/

truth or dare (game where players perform a dare or answer a question)


轉瓶子

ㄓㄨㄢˇ ㄆㄧㄥˊ ˙ㄗ

чжуань пинцзы

/ʈ͡ʂu̯än²¹⁴⁻²¹ pʰiŋ³⁵ d͡z̥z̩³/

/ʈ͡ʂu̯än²¹⁴⁻²¹ pʰiŋ³⁵ d͡z̥z̩³/


紙飛機

/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ feɪ̯⁵⁵ t͡ɕi⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ feɪ̯⁵⁵ t͡ɕi⁵⁵/


奶媽

/naɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ mä⁵⁵/

/naːi̯¹³ maː⁵⁵/

/nãi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ mã⁴⁴/

/naɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ mä⁵⁵/

/naːi̯¹³ maː⁵⁵/

/nãi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ mã⁴⁴/

(video games, by extension, neologism) healer


梅花

/meɪ̯³⁵ xu̯ä⁵⁵/

/meɪ̯³⁵ xu̯ɑɻ⁵⁵/

/muːi̯²¹ faː⁵⁵/

/muĩ²⁴⁻²² hue⁴⁴/

/muĩ²³⁻³³ hue⁴⁴/

/muĩ²⁴⁻²² hue³³/

/muĩ²⁴⁻¹¹ hue⁴⁴/

/muãi²⁴⁻¹¹ hue⁴⁴/

/muãi²³⁻³³ hue⁴⁴/

/muẽ²³⁻³³ hue⁴⁴/

/muẽ²⁴⁻¹¹ hue⁴⁴/

/me̞i̯¹³ ɸa̠³³/

/meɪ̯³⁵ xu̯ä⁵⁵/

/meɪ̯³⁵ xu̯ɑɻ⁵⁵/

/muːi̯²¹ faː⁵⁵/

/muĩ²⁴⁻²² hue⁴⁴/

/muĩ²³⁻³³ hue⁴⁴/

/muĩ²⁴⁻²² hue³³/

/muĩ²⁴⁻¹¹ hue⁴⁴/

/muãi²⁴⁻¹¹ hue⁴⁴/

/muãi²³⁻³³ hue⁴⁴/

/muẽ²³⁻³³ hue⁴⁴/

/muẽ²⁴⁻¹¹ hue⁴⁴/

/me̞i̯¹³ ɸa̠³³/


角色

/t͡ɕy̯ɛ³⁵ sɤ⁵¹/

/t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ sɤ⁵¹/

/kɔːk̚³ sɪk̚⁵/

/t͡ɕiɔʔ⁵ sɛt̚²/

/kak̚³²⁻⁵ siɪk̚³²/

/kak̚³²⁻⁴ siɪk̚³²/

/koʔ³³ səʔ⁴⁴/

/t͡ɕiɑʔ³³ səʔ³⁴/

/t͡ɕi̯o²⁴ sɤ̞²⁴/

/t͡ɕy̯ɛ³⁵ sɤ⁵¹/

/t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ sɤ⁵¹/

/kɔːk̚³ sɪk̚⁵/

/t͡ɕiɔʔ⁵ sɛt̚²/

/kak̚³²⁻⁵ siɪk̚³²/

/kak̚³²⁻⁴ siɪk̚³²/

/koʔ³³ səʔ⁴⁴/

/t͡ɕiɑʔ³³ səʔ³⁴/

/t͡ɕi̯o²⁴ sɤ̞²⁴/

zh-m

腳色／脚色 (juésè)


象棋

→ English: xiangqi

Japanese: 象(シャン)棋(チー) (shanchī)

→ Mongolian: шянчи (šjanči)

Okinawan: 象(ちゅん)棋(じー) (chunjī)

Sylheti: ꠌꠦꠋꠇꠤ (seṅki)

→ Zhuang: geizciengh (calque)

/ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/ɕiaŋ²¹³ t͡ɕʰi²¹/

zêng⁶ kéi⁴⁻²

/t͡sœːŋ²² kʰei̯²¹⁻³⁵/

/t͡sœːŋ²² kʰei̯²¹/

/tiaŋ³² kʰei²²⁻²²⁵/

/ɕiɔŋ¹¹ t͡ɕʰi²⁴/

/si̯oŋ⁵⁵ kʰi¹¹/

/siɔŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ kʰi¹¹/

/ɕiɒ̃⁴⁵ t͡ɕʰi¹¹/

/siɔŋ⁵⁵ ki²¹/

/t͡sʰuoŋ²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋi⁵³/

/t͡sʰieu²¹ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾i¹³/

/t͡sʰĩũ²¹ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾i¹³/

/t͡sʰiũ³³⁻²¹ ki²³/

/t͡sʰiũ³³⁻¹¹ ki²⁴/

/t͡sʰiũ²²⁻²¹ ki²⁴/

/t͡sʰiũ²² ki²⁴/

/t͡sʰiɔ̃²²⁻²¹ ki¹³/

/t͡sʰĩẽ³⁵⁻¹¹ ki⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰĩõ³⁵⁻¹¹ ki⁵⁵/

/ʑiã²² d͡ʑi⁴⁴/

/si̯æn⁴⁵ t͡ɕʰi¹³/

/ɕi̯æn⁴⁵ t͡ɕʰi¹³/

/ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/ɕiaŋ²¹³ t͡ɕʰi²¹/

/t͡sœːŋ²² kʰei̯²¹⁻³⁵/

/t͡sœːŋ²² kʰei̯²¹/

/tiaŋ³² kʰei²²⁻²²⁵/

/ɕiɔŋ¹¹ t͡ɕʰi²⁴/

/si̯oŋ⁵⁵ kʰi¹¹/

/siɔŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ kʰi¹¹/

/ɕiɒ̃⁴⁵ t͡ɕʰi¹¹/

/siɔŋ⁵⁵ ki²¹/

/t͡sʰuoŋ²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋi⁵³/

/t͡sʰieu²¹ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾i¹³/

/t͡sʰĩũ²¹ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾i¹³/

/t͡sʰiũ³³⁻²¹ ki²³/

/t͡sʰiũ³³⁻¹¹ ki²⁴/

/t͡sʰiũ²²⁻²¹ ki²⁴/

/t͡sʰiũ²² ki²⁴/

/t͡sʰiɔ̃²²⁻²¹ ki¹³/

/t͡sʰĩẽ³⁵⁻¹¹ ki⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰĩõ³⁵⁻¹¹ ki⁵⁵/

/ʑiã²² d͡ʑi⁴⁴/

/si̯æn⁴⁵ t͡ɕʰi¹³/

/ɕi̯æn⁴⁵ t͡ɕʰi¹³/


國際象棋

ㄍㄨㄛˊ ㄐㄧˋ ㄒㄧㄤˋ ㄑㄧˊ

/ku̯ɔ³⁵ t͡ɕi⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/kʷɔːk̚³ t͡sɐi̯³³ t͡sœːŋ²² kʰei̯²¹⁻³⁵/

/kɔk̚⁵⁵ tai³³ tiaŋ³² kʰei²²⁻²²⁵/

/koʔ³³ t͡ɕi⁵⁵ ʑiã³³ d͡ʑi²¹/

/ku̯ɔ³⁵ t͡ɕi⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/kʷɔːk̚³ t͡sɐi̯³³ t͡sœːŋ²² kʰei̯²¹⁻³⁵/

/kɔk̚⁵⁵ tai³³ tiaŋ³² kʰei²²⁻²²⁵/

/koʔ³³ t͡ɕi⁵⁵ ʑiã³³ d͡ʑi²¹/


狀元

desc

→ Thai: จอหงวน

→ Thai: จอหงวน

→ Vietnamese: trạng nguyên

/ʈ͡ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵¹ ɥɛn¹/

/ʈ͡ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵¹ ɥɛn³⁵/

/t͡sɔːŋ²² jyːn²¹/

/t͡sʰoŋ⁵⁵ ŋi̯en¹¹/

/t͡sʰoŋ⁵⁵ ŋi̯an¹¹/

/t͡sʰoŋ³³ ŋien⁵⁵/

/t͡siŋ²¹ ŋui¹³/

/t͡siɔŋ²²⁻²¹ ɡuan²⁴/

/t͡siɔŋ³³⁻¹¹ ɡuan²⁴/

/t͡siɔŋ⁴¹⁻²² ɡuan²⁴/

/t͡siɔŋ³³⁻²¹ ɡuan²³/

/t͡siɔŋ⁴¹⁻²² uan²⁴/

/t͡so³⁵⁻¹¹ ŋuaŋ⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵¹ ɥɛn¹/

/ʈ͡ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵¹ ɥɛn³⁵/

/t͡sɔːŋ²² jyːn²¹/

/t͡sʰoŋ⁵⁵ ŋi̯en¹¹/

/t͡sʰoŋ⁵⁵ ŋi̯an¹¹/

/t͡sʰoŋ³³ ŋien⁵⁵/

/t͡siŋ²¹ ŋui¹³/

/t͡siɔŋ²²⁻²¹ ɡuan²⁴/

/t͡siɔŋ³³⁻¹¹ ɡuan²⁴/

/t͡siɔŋ⁴¹⁻²² ɡuan²⁴/

/t͡siɔŋ³³⁻²¹ ɡuan²³/

/t͡siɔŋ⁴¹⁻²² uan²⁴/

/t͡so³⁵⁻¹¹ ŋuaŋ⁵⁵/

三百六十行，行行出狀元 / 三百六十行，行行出状元

sānbǎi liùshí háng, hángháng chū zhuàngyuán

(Hokkien, dice games) the winning dice roll in a Mooncake Festival Dice Game


一會

/i⁵⁵⁻³⁵ xu̯eɪ̯⁵¹/

/i⁵⁵⁻³⁵ xu̯əɻ⁵¹/

/i⁵⁵⁻⁵¹ xu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/i⁵⁵⁻⁵¹ xu̯əɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/jɐt̚⁵ wuːi̯²²/

/i⁵⁵⁻³⁵ xu̯eɪ̯⁵¹/

/i⁵⁵⁻³⁵ xu̯əɻ⁵¹/

/i⁵⁵⁻⁵¹ xu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/i⁵⁵⁻⁵¹ xu̯əɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/jɐt̚⁵ wuːi̯²²/

(Hokkien, dice games) a set of mooncake used as prizes in a Mooncake Festival Dice Game


一秀

/it̚⁵⁻²⁴ siu⁴¹/

/it̚³²⁻⁴ siu²¹/

/it̚⁵⁻²⁴ siu⁴¹/

/it̚³²⁻⁴ siu²¹/

(Hokkien, dice games) lowest dice roll in a Mooncake Festival Dice Game (a dice roll with one face of four)


四條

/sz̩⁵¹ tʰi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵/

/sei̯³³ tʰiːu̯²¹⁻³⁵/

/sz̩⁵¹ tʰi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵/

/sei̯³³ tʰiːu̯²¹⁻³⁵/


順子

Japanese: 順子 (shuntsu)

/ʂu̯ən⁵¹ d͡z̥z̩¹/

/sɵn²² t͡siː³⁵/

/ʂu̯ən⁵¹ d͡z̥z̩¹/

/sɵn²² t͡siː³⁵/

(poker, mahjong) straight; cards or mahjong tiles in sequence


棺材

/ku̯än⁵⁵ t͡sʰaɪ̯²/

/ku̯än⁵⁵ t͡sʰaɪ̯³⁵/

/kuæ̃²⁴ t͡sʰɛ²⁴/

/kuːn⁵⁵ t͡sʰɔːi̯²¹/

/kuɔn⁴⁴⁻³⁵ t͡sʰoɪ¹¹/

/kuæ̃¹¹ t͡sʰai¹¹/

/ku̯än⁵⁵ t͡sʰaɪ̯²/

/ku̯än⁵⁵ t͡sʰaɪ̯³⁵/

/kuæ̃²⁴ t͡sʰɛ²⁴/

/kuːn⁵⁵ t͡sʰɔːi̯²¹/

/kuɔn⁴⁴⁻³⁵ t͡sʰoɪ¹¹/

/kuæ̃¹¹ t͡sʰai¹¹/


流觴曲水

ㄌㄧㄡˊ ㄕㄤ ㄑㄩ ㄕㄨㄟˇ

/li̯oʊ̯³⁵ ʂɑŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰy⁵⁵ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

The guests are seated side by side to have the winding stream party.

353 CE, Wang Xizhi, Preface to the Poems Composed at the Orchid Pavilion

yòu yǒu qīngliú jī tuān, yìng dài zuǒyòu, yǐn yǐ wèi liúshāngqūshuǐ, lièzuò qícì

又有清流激湍，映帶左右，引以為流觴曲水，列坐其次

又有清流激湍，映带左右，引以为流觞曲水，列坐其次

the winding stream party, an ancient drinking game played during the Spring Purification Festival in which a cup of wine is floated down a stream with people seated on both side (the person sitting in front of the cup when it stops has to drink)


恰恰

/t͡ɕʰi̯ä⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕʰi̯ä⁵¹/

/t͡sʰia(ʔ)³²⁻⁴¹ t͡sʰiaʔ³²/

/t͡sʰia(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ t͡sʰiaʔ³²/

/t͡ɕʰi̯ä⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕʰi̯ä⁵¹/

/t͡sʰia(ʔ)³²⁻⁴¹ t͡sʰiaʔ³²/

/t͡sʰia(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ t͡sʰiaʔ³²/


電子遊戲

ㄉㄧㄢˋ ㄗˇ ㄧㄡˊ ㄒㄧˋ

/ti̯ɛn⁵¹ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ joʊ̯³⁵ ɕi⁵¹/

/tiːn²² t͡siː³⁵ jɐu̯²¹ hei̯³³/

/ti̯ɛn⁵¹ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ joʊ̯³⁵ ɕi⁵¹/

/tiːn²² t͡siː³⁵ jɐu̯²¹ hei̯³³/


牌子

/pʰaɪ̯³⁵ d͡z̥z̩³/

/pʰaːi̯²¹ t͡siː³⁵/

/pai²⁴⁻²² t͡si⁵⁵⁴/

/pai¹³⁻²² t͡si⁵³/

/pai²³⁻³³ t͡su⁴¹/

/pai²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡su⁵³/

/pai⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sɯ⁵²/

/pʰaɪ̯³⁵ d͡z̥z̩³/

/pʰaːi̯²¹ t͡siː³⁵/

/pai²⁴⁻²² t͡si⁵⁵⁴/

/pai¹³⁻²² t͡si⁵³/

/pai²³⁻³³ t͡su⁴¹/

/pai²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡su⁵³/

/pai⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sɯ⁵²/

/pi²³⁻³³ zi⁴¹/

/pi²³⁻³³ zi⁴¹/

(Southern Min, gambling) counter, chip (alternative form of money)


桌球

/ʈ͡ʂu̯ɔ⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂu̯ɔ⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɤʊ̯ɻʷ³⁵/

/t͡sʰœːk̚³ kʰɐu̯²¹/

/t͡sœːk̚³ kʰɐu̯²¹/

/to²¹⁻⁴² ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾iu¹³/

/tɵ²¹⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾iu¹³/

/tɤ(ʔ)³²⁻⁴¹ kiu²³/

/ʈ͡ʂu̯ɔ⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂu̯ɔ⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɤʊ̯ɻʷ³⁵/

/t͡sʰœːk̚³ kʰɐu̯²¹/

/t͡sœːk̚³ kʰɐu̯²¹/

/to²¹⁻⁴² ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾iu¹³/

/tɵ²¹⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾iu¹³/

/tɤ(ʔ)³²⁻⁴¹ kiu²³/

(southern Mainland China, Hong Kong, Macau, Malaysia, Singapore) snookers; billiards


肚皮舞

/tu⁵¹ pʰi³⁵ u²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʰou̯¹³ pʰei̯²¹ mou̯¹³/

/tu⁵¹ pʰi³⁵ u²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʰou̯¹³ pʰei̯²¹ mou̯¹³/


炸彈

/ʈ͡ʂä⁵¹⁻⁵³ tän⁵¹/

/t͡sa⁴⁴ tæ̃²⁴/

/t͡saː³³ taːn²²⁻³⁵/

/t͡sa⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ tan²⁴/

/t͡sa¹¹⁻⁵³ tan²⁴/

/t͡sa²¹⁻⁴² tan²⁴/

/t͡sa²¹⁻⁴¹ tan²³/

/t͡sa²¹⁻⁵³ tan²⁴/

/t͡sɛ²¹⁻⁵³ tan¹³/

/t͡sa⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ tuã²⁴/

/t͡sa²¹⁻⁴¹ tuã²³/

/t͡sa¹¹⁻⁵³ tuã²⁴/

/t͡sɛ²¹⁻⁵³ tuã¹³/

/t͡sa²¹³⁻²¹ tan⁵³/

/t͡sa²¹³⁻⁵⁵ tʰaŋ⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂä⁵¹⁻⁵³ tän⁵¹/

/t͡sa⁴⁴ tæ̃²⁴/

/t͡saː³³ taːn²²⁻³⁵/

/t͡sa⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ tan²⁴/

/t͡sa¹¹⁻⁵³ tan²⁴/

/t͡sa²¹⁻⁴² tan²⁴/

/t͡sa²¹⁻⁴¹ tan²³/

/t͡sa²¹⁻⁵³ tan²⁴/

/t͡sɛ²¹⁻⁵³ tan¹³/

/t͡sa⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ tuã²⁴/

/t͡sa²¹⁻⁴¹ tuã²³/

/t͡sa¹¹⁻⁵³ tuã²⁴/

/t͡sɛ²¹⁻⁵³ tuã¹³/

/t͡sa²¹³⁻²¹ tan⁵³/

/t͡sa²¹³⁻⁵⁵ tʰaŋ⁵⁵/

(dou dizhu) "bomb"; 4 cards of the same rank, which can beat any other category and individual card except "king bomb" (王炸) or another bomb with a higher or equal rank


將棋

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

zêng³ kéi⁴⁻²

/t͡sœːŋ³³ kʰei̯²¹⁻³⁵/

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/t͡sœːŋ³³ kʰei̯²¹⁻³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 将棋 (shōgi) and Korean 將棋 (janggi).


舞妓

/u²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi⁵¹/

/u²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi⁵¹/


白子

/paɪ̯³⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/paɪ̯³⁵ t͡sz̩ɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pe(ʔ)²⁴⁻² t͡si⁵⁵⁴/

/pɛ(ʔ)¹²¹⁻²¹ d͡zi⁵³/

/baʔ¹¹ t͡sz̩²³/

/paɪ̯³⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/paɪ̯³⁵ t͡sz̩ɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pe(ʔ)²⁴⁻² t͡si⁵⁵⁴/

/pɛ(ʔ)¹²¹⁻²¹ d͡zi⁵³/

/baʔ¹¹ t͡sz̩²³/


站長

/ʈ͡ʂän⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡saːm²² t͡sœːŋ³⁵/

/t͡sam³³⁻²¹ tiũ⁴¹/

/t͡sam³³⁻¹¹ tiũ⁵³/

/t͡sam²²⁻²¹ tiũ⁵³/

/t͡sam²²⁻²¹ tiɔ̃⁵³/

/ʈ͡ʂän⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡saːm²² t͡sœːŋ³⁵/

/t͡sam³³⁻²¹ tiũ⁴¹/

/t͡sam³³⁻¹¹ tiũ⁵³/

/t͡sam²²⁻²¹ tiũ⁵³/

/t͡sam²²⁻²¹ tiɔ̃⁵³/

(Hong Kong, games) one who takes a lot of time before ending their turn


紙牌

/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ pʰaɪ̯³⁵/

/t͡siː³⁵ pʰaːi̯²¹⁻³⁵/

/t͡si⁵⁵ pʰai²²⁻²²⁵/

/t͡sɨ³¹ pʰai̯¹¹/

/t͡ʃi²⁴⁻³³ pʰai⁵⁵/

/t͡sua⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ pai²⁴/

/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ pʰaɪ̯³⁵/

/t͡siː³⁵ pʰaːi̯²¹⁻³⁵/

/t͡si⁵⁵ pʰai²²⁻²²⁵/

/t͡sɨ³¹ pʰai̯¹¹/

/t͡ʃi²⁴⁻³³ pʰai⁵⁵/

/t͡sua⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ pai²⁴/

playing card (a card used in card games)


硬直

/iŋ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/iŋ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 硬直 (kōchoku).


籌碼

/ʈ͡ʂʰoʊ̯³⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʈ͡ʂʰoʊ̯³⁵ mɑɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʰɐu̯²¹ maː¹³/

/tiu²⁴⁻²² be⁵⁵⁴/

/tiu²⁴⁻¹¹ be⁵³/

/tiu²³⁻³³ be⁴¹/

/tiu²⁴⁻²² be⁵³/

/tiu¹³⁻²² bɛ⁵³/

/tʰiu⁵⁵⁻¹¹ be⁵²/

/ʈ͡ʂʰoʊ̯³⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʈ͡ʂʰoʊ̯³⁵ mɑɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʰɐu̯²¹ maː¹³/

/tiu²⁴⁻²² be⁵⁵⁴/

/tiu²⁴⁻¹¹ be⁵³/

/tiu²³⁻³³ be⁴¹/

/tiu²⁴⁻²² be⁵³/

/tiu¹³⁻²² bɛ⁵³/

/tʰiu⁵⁵⁻¹¹ be⁵²/

(gambling) counter; chip (alternative form of money)


鉤子

/koʊ̯⁵⁵ d͡z̥z̩²/

/ŋɐu̯⁵⁵ t͡siː³⁵/

/koʊ̯⁵⁵ d͡z̥z̩²/

/ŋɐu̯⁵⁵ t͡siː³⁵/


國家公園

ㄍㄨㄛˊ ㄐㄧㄚ ㄍㄨㄥ ㄩㄢˊ

гоцзя гунъюань

/ku̯ɔ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ kʊŋ⁵⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

/kʷɔːk̚³ kaː⁵⁵ kʊŋ⁵⁵ jyːn²¹⁻³⁵/

/ku̯ɔ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ kʊŋ⁵⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

/kʷɔːk̚³ kaː⁵⁵ kʊŋ⁵⁵ jyːn²¹⁻³⁵/

太魯閣國家公園

太鲁阁国家公园


國立公園

ㄍㄨㄛˊ ㄌㄧˋ ㄍㄨㄥ ㄩㄢˊ

голигунъюань

/ku̯ɔ³⁵ li⁵¹ kʊŋ⁵⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

/ku̯ɔ³⁵ li⁵¹ kʊŋ⁵⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/


棋子

/t͡ɕʰi³⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡ɕʰi³⁵ t͡sz̩ɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kʰei̯²¹ t͡siː³⁵/

/kʰi¹¹ t͡sɨ³¹/

/ki²⁴⁻²² li⁵³/

/ki⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡si⁵²/

/t͡ɕʰi³⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡ɕʰi³⁵ t͡sz̩ɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kʰei̯²¹ t͡siː³⁵/

/kʰi¹¹ t͡sɨ³¹/

/ki²⁴⁻²² li⁵³/

/ki⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡si⁵²/


魔方

/mu̯ɔ³⁵ fɑŋ⁵⁵/

/mɔː⁵⁵ fɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/mo⁵⁵⁻¹¹ paŋ³³/

/mu̯ɔ³⁵ fɑŋ⁵⁵/

/mɔː⁵⁵ fɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/mo⁵⁵⁻¹¹ paŋ³³/


風箏

/fɤŋ⁵⁵ ɖ͡ʐ̥ɤŋ²/

/fɤŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵⁵/

/foŋ⁵⁵ t͡sən⁵⁵/

/fəŋ²¹ t͡səŋ/

/fə̃³¹ t͡sə̃/

/fʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡sɐŋ⁵⁵/

/ˈfuŋ⁴² t͡sɛn⁴²/

/fʊŋ⁴⁴ t͡sɛn⁴⁴/

/fəŋ¹¹ t͡səŋ¹¹/

/fəŋ¹¹ t͡sʰəŋ¹¹/

/hɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴/

/hɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴/

/hɔŋ³³ t͡sŋ̍³³/

/føŋ⁵³ t͡səŋ⁵³/

/foŋ⁵⁵ t͡sən²¹/

/xʊŋ³³ t͡sən³³/

/xən³³ t͡sən³³/

/fɤŋ⁵⁵ ɖ͡ʐ̥ɤŋ²/

/fɤŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵⁵/

/foŋ⁵⁵ t͡sən⁵⁵/

/fəŋ²¹ t͡səŋ/

/fə̃³¹ t͡sə̃/

/fʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡sɐŋ⁵⁵/

/ˈfuŋ⁴² t͡sɛn⁴²/

/fʊŋ⁴⁴ t͡sɛn⁴⁴/

/fəŋ¹¹ t͡səŋ¹¹/

/fəŋ¹¹ t͡sʰəŋ¹¹/

/hɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴/

/hɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴/

/hɔŋ³³ t͡sŋ̍³³/

/føŋ⁵³ t͡səŋ⁵³/

/foŋ⁵⁵ t͡sən²¹/

/xʊŋ³³ t͡sən³³/

/xən³³ t͡sən³³/

放風箏／放风筝


升級

/ʂɤŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi³⁵/

/sɪŋ⁵⁵ kʰɐp̚⁵/

/siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kip̚³²/

/siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kip̚³²/

/siɪŋ³³ kʰip̚⁵/

/seŋ³³⁻²³ kʰip̚²/

/ʂɤŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi³⁵/

/sɪŋ⁵⁵ kʰɐp̚⁵/

/siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kip̚³²/

/siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kip̚³²/

/siɪŋ³³ kʰip̚⁵/

/seŋ³³⁻²³ kʰip̚²/


花子

/xu̯ä⁵⁵ d͡z̥z̩²/

/faː⁵⁵ t͡siː³⁵/

/xu̯ä⁵⁵ d͡z̥z̩²/

/faː⁵⁵ t͡siː³⁵/


舞會

/u²¹⁴⁻²¹ xu̯eɪ̯⁵¹/

/mou̯¹³ wuːi̯²²⁻³⁵/

/bu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hue²²/

/bu⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ hue⁴¹/

/bu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hue²²/

/bu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hue³³/

/bu⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ hue³³/

/ɦu²² ɦue⁴⁴/

/u²¹⁴⁻²¹ xu̯eɪ̯⁵¹/

/mou̯¹³ wuːi̯²²⁻³⁵/

/bu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hue²²/

/bu⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ hue⁴¹/

/bu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hue²²/

/bu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hue³³/

/bu⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ hue³³/

/ɦu²² ɦue⁴⁴/


撲克

/pʰu⁵⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹/

/pʰu⁵⁵ kʰə²/

/pʰu⁵⁵ kʰɤɻ⁵¹/

/pʰɔːk̚³ hɐk̚⁵/

/pʰɔk̚³²⁻⁴ kʰiɪk̚³²/

/pʰɔk̚³²⁻⁵ kʰiɪk̚³²/

/pʰɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ kʰiak̚⁵/

/pʰu⁵⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹/

/pʰu⁵⁵ kʰə²/

/pʰu⁵⁵ kʰɤɻ⁵¹/

/pʰɔːk̚³ hɐk̚⁵/

/pʰɔk̚³²⁻⁴ kʰiɪk̚³²/

/pʰɔk̚³²⁻⁵ kʰiɪk̚³²/

/pʰɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ kʰiak̚⁵/


貓兒

→ Mongolian: муур (muur)

/maːu̯⁵⁵ jiː²¹⁻⁵⁵/

/mau¹¹ əɻ¹¹/

/maːu̯⁵⁵ jiː²¹⁻⁵⁵/

/mau¹¹ əɻ¹¹/

/mɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ³⁵/

/maːu̯⁵⁵ jiː²¹/

/mɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ³⁵/

/maːu̯⁵⁵ jiː²¹/


舞龍

/u²¹⁴⁻²¹ lʊŋ³⁵/

/mou̯¹³ lʊŋ²¹/

/u²¹⁴⁻²¹ lʊŋ³⁵/

/mou̯¹³ lʊŋ²¹/

"Dragon dance", a form of Chinese traditional dance typically performed during the Chinese New Year


舞獅

/u²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/

/moŋ³⁵⁻¹¹ sai³³/

/u²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/

/moŋ³⁵⁻¹¹ sai³³/

to perform a lion dance (traditional Chinese dance where performers mimic a lion's movements in a lion costume)


秒殺

/mi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂä⁵⁵/

/mi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂä⁵⁵/

(gaming) to "seckill"; to kill an enemy within seconds


圈兒

/t͡ɕʰy̯ɑɻ⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕʰy̯ɑɻ⁵⁵/


皮蛋

→ Japanese: 皮蛋(ピータン) (pītan)

→ Korean: 피단 (pidan)

/pʰi³⁵ tän⁵¹/

/pʰi²⁴ tã⁴⁴/

/pʰi²⁴ tæ̃⁴⁴/

/pʰei̯²¹ taːn²²⁻³⁵/

/pʰɐi²¹ tɛŋ³²⁻³⁵/

/pʰei²² an³²⁻³²⁵/

/pʰi²⁴ ˈtʰan¹¹/

/pʰi²⁴⁻¹¹ tan¹¹/

/pʰi¹³⁻²² tan²¹/

/pʰi²⁴⁻²² tan⁴¹/

/pʰi²³⁻³³ tan²¹/

/pʰi²⁴⁻¹¹ tan¹¹²/

/pʰi²⁴⁻²² tan²¹/

/bi²² dẽ̞³⁴/

/pi¹³ tan²¹⁻¹¹/

/bi¹³ dã̠¹¹⁻¹/

/pʰi³⁵ tän⁵¹/

/pʰi²⁴ tã⁴⁴/

/pʰi²⁴ tæ̃⁴⁴/

/pʰei̯²¹ taːn²²⁻³⁵/

/pʰɐi²¹ tɛŋ³²⁻³⁵/

/pʰei²² an³²⁻³²⁵/

/pʰi²⁴ ˈtʰan¹¹/

/pʰi²⁴⁻¹¹ tan¹¹/

/pʰi¹³⁻²² tan²¹/

/pʰi²⁴⁻²² tan⁴¹/

/pʰi²³⁻³³ tan²¹/

/pʰi²⁴⁻¹¹ tan¹¹²/

/pʰi²⁴⁻²² tan²¹/

/bi²² dẽ̞³⁴/

/pi¹³ tan²¹⁻¹¹/

/bi¹³ dã̠¹¹⁻¹/

/bi¹³⁻³³ dã̠¹¹/

/bi¹³⁻³³ dã̠¹¹/


呼啦圈

/xu⁵⁵ lä⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/xu⁵⁵ lä⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰy̯ɑɻ⁵⁵/

/fuː⁵⁵ laː⁵⁵ hyːn⁵⁵/

/xu⁵⁵ lä⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/xu⁵⁵ lä⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰy̯ɑɻ⁵⁵/

/fuː⁵⁵ laː⁵⁵ hyːn⁵⁵/

Phono-semantic matching of English hula + 圈 (quān, “hoop”).


開盤

/kʰaɪ̯⁵⁵ pʰän³⁵/

/hɔːi̯⁵⁵ pʰuːn²¹/

/kʰui⁴⁴⁻²² puã²⁴/

/kʰui⁴⁴⁻²² puã¹³/

/kʰui⁴⁴⁻³³ puã²⁴/

/kʰui⁴⁴⁻³³ puã²³/

/kʰe⁴⁴ bø²³/

/kʰaɪ̯⁵⁵ pʰän³⁵/

/hɔːi̯⁵⁵ pʰuːn²¹/

/kʰui⁴⁴⁻²² puã²⁴/

/kʰui⁴⁴⁻²² puã¹³/

/kʰui⁴⁴⁻³³ puã²⁴/

/kʰui⁴⁴⁻³³ puã²³/

/kʰe⁴⁴ bø²³/


方塊

/fɑŋ⁵⁵ kʰu̯aɪ̯⁵¹/

/fɑŋ⁵⁵ kʰu̯ɑɻ⁵¹/

/fɔːŋ⁵⁵ faːi̯³³/

/fɑŋ³³ kʰuɛ⁵⁵/

/fɑŋ⁵⁵ kʰu̯aɪ̯⁵¹/

/fɑŋ⁵⁵ kʰu̯ɑɻ⁵¹/

/fɔːŋ⁵⁵ faːi̯³³/

/fɑŋ³³ kʰuɛ⁵⁵/


不倒翁

/pu⁵¹ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ wəŋ⁵⁵/

/pɐt̚⁵ tou̯³⁵ jʊŋ⁵⁵/

/put̚¹ tau³¹ ʋʊŋ⁴⁴/

/puʔ²⁴⁻²¹ to³³⁻²¹ uŋ⁵⁵/

/put̚³²⁻⁴ to⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɔŋ⁴⁴/

/puk̚²⁻⁴ tau⁵²⁻³⁵ oŋ³³/

/pəʔ³³ tɔ⁵⁵ oŋ²¹/

/pu²⁴ tɒu̯⁴¹ ŋʊŋ³³/

/pu²⁴ tɒu̯⁴¹ ŋən³³/

/pu⁵¹ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ wəŋ⁵⁵/

/pɐt̚⁵ tou̯³⁵ jʊŋ⁵⁵/

/put̚¹ tau³¹ ʋʊŋ⁴⁴/

/puʔ²⁴⁻²¹ to³³⁻²¹ uŋ⁵⁵/

/put̚³²⁻⁴ to⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɔŋ⁴⁴/

/puk̚²⁻⁴ tau⁵²⁻³⁵ oŋ³³/

/pəʔ³³ tɔ⁵⁵ oŋ²¹/

/pu²⁴ tɒu̯⁴¹ ŋʊŋ³³/

/pu²⁴ tɒu̯⁴¹ ŋən³³/

(literal) roly-poly toy (a toy that rights itself when pushed over)


棋手

/t͡ɕʰi³⁵ ʂoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kʰei̯²¹ sɐu̯³⁵/

/t͡ɕʰi³⁵ ʂoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kʰei̯²¹ sɐu̯³⁵/

(countable) professional chess player (Classifier: 名 m)


局外人

/t͡ɕy³⁵ waɪ̯⁵¹ ʐən³⁵/

ㄐㄩˊ ㄨㄞˋ ㄖㄣˊㄦ

цзюйвайжэньр

/t͡ɕy³⁵ waɪ̯⁵¹ ʐəɻ³⁵/

/kʊk̚² ŋɔːi̯²² jɐn²¹/

/t͡ɕy³⁵ waɪ̯⁵¹ ʐən³⁵/

/t͡ɕy³⁵ waɪ̯⁵¹ ʐəɻ³⁵/

/kʊk̚² ŋɔːi̯²² jɐn²¹/


主機

/ʈ͡ʂu²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi⁵⁵/

/t͡su⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ki⁴⁴/

/t͡su⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ ki³³/

/t͡su⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ki⁴⁴/

/t͡su⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ki⁴⁴/

/t͡su⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ki⁴⁴/

/ʈ͡ʂu²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi⁵⁵/

/t͡su⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ki⁴⁴/

/t͡su⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ ki³³/

/t͡su⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ki⁴⁴/

/t͡su⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ki⁴⁴/

/t͡su⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ki⁴⁴/

主機遊戲

主机游戏


遊戲機

/joʊ̯³⁵ ɕi⁵¹ t͡ɕi⁵⁵/

/jɐu̯²¹ hei̯³³ kei̯⁵⁵/

/iu²⁴⁻²² hi²¹⁻⁵³ ki⁴⁴/

/iu⁵⁵⁻¹¹ hi²¹³⁻⁵⁵ ki³³/

/joʊ̯³⁵ ɕi⁵¹ t͡ɕi⁵⁵/

/jɐu̯²¹ hei̯³³ kei̯⁵⁵/

/iu²⁴⁻²² hi²¹⁻⁵³ ki⁴⁴/

/iu⁵⁵⁻¹¹ hi²¹³⁻⁵⁵ ki³³/

I have many game consoles, but I prefer to watch TV and play on the computer.

Wǒ yǒu hěnduō yóuxìjī, dànshì wǒ nìngkě kàn diànshì hé wán diànnǎo.

我有很多遊戲機，但是我寧可看電視和玩電腦。

我有很多游戏机，但是我宁可看电视和玩电脑。

video game console (Classifier: 臺／台 m; 部 m c)


打牌

/tä²¹⁴⁻²¹ pʰaɪ̯³⁵/

/taː³⁵ pʰaːi̯²¹⁻³⁵/

/tä²¹⁴⁻²¹ pʰaɪ̯³⁵/

/taː³⁵ pʰaːi̯²¹⁻³⁵/


鋼管舞

/kɑŋ⁵⁵ ku̯än²¹⁴⁻³⁵ u²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kɑŋ⁵⁵ ku̯än²¹⁴⁻³⁵ uɻʷ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kɔːŋ³³ kuːn³⁵ mou̯¹³/

/kɑŋ⁵⁵ ku̯än²¹⁴⁻³⁵ u²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kɑŋ⁵⁵ ku̯än²¹⁴⁻³⁵ uɻʷ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kɔːŋ³³ kuːn³⁵ mou̯¹³/


迪廳

/ti³⁵ tʰiŋ⁵⁵/

/tɪk̚² tʰɛːŋ⁵⁵/

/diɪʔ¹¹ tʰin²³/

/ti³⁵ tʰiŋ⁵⁵/

/tɪk̚² tʰɛːŋ⁵⁵/

/diɪʔ¹¹ tʰin²³/


迪斯科廳

ㄉㄧˊ ㄙ ㄎㄜ ㄊㄧㄥ

/ti³⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ kʰɤ⁵⁵ tʰiŋ⁵⁵/

/ti³⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ kʰɤ⁵⁵ tʰiŋ⁵⁵/


陀螺

/tʰu̯ɔ³⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵/

/tʰɔː²¹ lɔː²¹⁻³⁵/

/tʰɔː²¹ lɔː²¹/

/tʰo⁵⁵⁻¹¹ lo⁵⁵/

/tʰu̯ɔ³⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵/

/tʰɔː²¹ lɔː²¹⁻³⁵/

/tʰɔː²¹ lɔː²¹/

/tʰo⁵⁵⁻¹¹ lo⁵⁵/


莊家

/ʈ͡ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ d͡ʑ̥i̯ä²/

/t͡sɔːŋ⁵⁵ kaː⁵⁵/

/t͡sɔŋ³³ ka³³/

/t͡sɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² ka⁴⁴/

/t͡sɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kɛ⁴⁴/

/t͡sŋ̍⁴⁴⁻²² ke⁴⁴/

/ʈ͡ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ d͡ʑ̥i̯ä²/

/t͡sɔːŋ⁵⁵ kaː⁵⁵/

/t͡sɔŋ³³ ka³³/

/t͡sɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² ka⁴⁴/

/t͡sɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kɛ⁴⁴/

/t͡sŋ̍⁴⁴⁻²² ke⁴⁴/

莊家永遠是贏家。

庄家永远是赢家。


和牌

/xu³⁵ pʰaɪ̯³⁵/

/xu³⁵ pʰaɪ̯³⁵/

(mahjong, card games) to win by having a completed hand


韓服

/hɔːn²¹ fʊk̚²/

/hɔːn²¹ fʊk̚²/


棋藝

/t͡ɕʰi³⁵ i⁵¹/

/kʰei̯²¹ ŋɐi̯²²/

/t͡ɕʰi³⁵ i⁵¹/

/kʰei̯²¹ ŋɐi̯²²/


下棋

/ɕi̯ä⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/ɕia²¹³ t͡ɕʰi²¹/

/haː²² kʰei̯²¹⁻³⁵/

/haː²² kʰei̯²¹/

/ha¹¹ ˈt͡ɕʰi²⁴/

/xa⁴⁵ t͡ɕʰi¹¹/

/ha²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾i⁵³/

/ɕi̯a̠²¹⁻¹¹ t͡ɕi¹³/

/ɕi̯ä⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/ɕia²¹³ t͡ɕʰi²¹/

/haː²² kʰei̯²¹⁻³⁵/

/haː²² kʰei̯²¹/

/ha¹¹ ˈt͡ɕʰi²⁴/

/xa⁴⁵ t͡ɕʰi¹¹/

/ha²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾i⁵³/

/ɕi̯a̠²¹⁻¹¹ t͡ɕi¹³/


法術力

/fä²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂu⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹/

/faːt̚³ sɵt̚² lɪk̚²/

/fä²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂu⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹/

/faːt̚³ sɵt̚² lɪk̚²/


魔法力

/mu̯ɔ³⁵ fä²¹⁴⁻²¹ li⁵¹/

/mɔː⁵⁵ faːt̚³ lɪk̚²/

/mu̯ɔ³⁵ fä²¹⁴⁻²¹ li⁵¹/

/mɔː⁵⁵ faːt̚³ lɪk̚²/


撞球

/ʈ͡ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi̯ɤʊ̯ɻʷ³⁵/

/t͡sɔːŋ²² kʰɐu̯²¹/

/tɔŋ³³⁻²¹ kiu²³/

/tɔŋ²²⁻²¹ kiu²⁴/

/tɔŋ³³⁻¹¹ kiu²⁴/

/ʈ͡ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi̯ɤʊ̯ɻʷ³⁵/

/t͡sɔːŋ²² kʰɐu̯²¹/

/tɔŋ³³⁻²¹ kiu²³/

/tɔŋ²²⁻²¹ kiu²⁴/

/tɔŋ³³⁻¹¹ kiu²⁴/


歐洲人

/ˀoʊ̯⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵ ʐən³⁵/

/ɐu̯⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵ jɐn²¹/

/au⁴⁴⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴⁻²² laŋ²⁴/

/au⁴⁴⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴⁻²² laŋ¹³/

/au⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡siu⁴⁴⁻³³ laŋ²⁴/

/au⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡siu⁴⁴⁻³³ laŋ²³/

/ˀoʊ̯⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵ ʐən³⁵/

/ɐu̯⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵ jɐn²¹/

/au⁴⁴⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴⁻²² laŋ²⁴/

/au⁴⁴⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴⁻²² laŋ¹³/

/au⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡siu⁴⁴⁻³³ laŋ²⁴/

/au⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡siu⁴⁴⁻³³ laŋ²³/

(neologism, slang, in gacha games) player of good luck


非洲人

/feɪ̯⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵ ʐən³⁵/

/fei̯⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵ jɐn²¹/

/feɪ̯⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵ ʐən³⁵/

/fei̯⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵ jɐn²¹/

(neologism, slang, in gacha games) player of bad luck


西洋棋

/ɕi⁵⁵ jɑŋ³⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/sɐi̯⁵⁵ jœːŋ²¹ kʰei̯²¹⁻³⁵/

/ɕi⁵⁵ jɑŋ³⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/sɐi̯⁵⁵ jœːŋ²¹ kʰei̯²¹⁻³⁵/

(chiefly Taiwan, Malaysia) (Western) chess (two-player board game)


郭公

/ku̯ɔ⁵⁵ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

/kʷɔːk̚³ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

/ku̯ɔ⁵⁵ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

/kʷɔːk̚³ kʊŋ⁵⁵/


飛鏢

/feɪ̯⁵⁵ pi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵/

/feɪ̯⁵⁵ pi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵/

darts (game or sport in which darts are thrown at a board)


遊俠

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (遊俠):
* → Vietnamese: du hiệp (遊俠)

/joʊ̯³⁵ ɕi̯ä³⁵/

/jɐu̯²¹ hɐp̚²/

/jɐu̯²¹ haːp̚²/

/iu²⁴⁻²² kiap̚³²/

/iu¹³⁻²² hiap̚¹²¹/

/joʊ̯³⁵ ɕi̯ä³⁵/

/jɐu̯²¹ hɐp̚²/

/jɐu̯²¹ haːp̚²/

/iu²⁴⁻²² kiap̚³²/

/iu¹³⁻²² hiap̚¹²¹/

Attested earliest as a compound noun in Han Feizi:
*
Also attested as a phrasal verb in Six Secret Teachings (六韜 (Liùtāo)):
*

Therefore, incompatible things do not coexist. For … to neglect the men who respect the superior and revere the law, and at the same time to maintain gangs of wandering cavaliers and self-seeking swordsmen: out of such incompatible acts, how can a state attain order and strength?

Han Feizi, circa 2ⁿᵈ century BCE, translated based on W. K. Liao's version

Gù bù xiàngróng zhī shì, bù liǎnglì yě....... Fèi jìngshàng wèifǎ zhī mín, ér yǎng yóuxiá sījiàn zhī shǔ. Jǔxíng rú cǐ, zhìqiáng bùkě dé yě.

故不相容之事，不兩立也。……廢敬上畏法之民，而養遊俠私劍之屬。舉行如此，治強不可得也。

故不相容之事，不两立也。……废敬上畏法之民，而养游侠私剑之属。举行如此，治强不可得也。

When the people are not engaged in agriculture and sericulture but instead give rein to their temper and travel about as bravados, disdaining and transgressing the laws and prohibitions, not following the instructions of the officials, it harms the king's transforming influence.

Six Secret Teachings, c. 475 – 221 BCE, translated based on Ralph D. Sawyer's version

Mín yǒu bùshì nóngsāng, rènqì yóuxiá, fànlì fǎjìn, bùcóng lìjiào zhě, shāng wáng zhī huà.

民有不事農桑、任氣遊俠、犯歷法禁、不從吏教者，傷王之化。

民有不事农桑、任气游侠、犯历法禁、不从吏教者，伤王之化。


小鬼

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ku̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/siːu̯³⁵ kʷɐi̯³⁵/

/ɕiɛu²¹³⁻²⁴ kui²¹³/

/siau⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kui⁵⁵⁴/

/ɕiɔ³³ t͡ɕy⁴⁴/

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ku̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/siːu̯³⁵ kʷɐi̯³⁵/

/ɕiɛu²¹³⁻²⁴ kui²¹³/

/siau⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kui⁵⁵⁴/

/ɕiɔ³³ t͡ɕy⁴⁴/

/sio⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kui⁵⁵⁴/

/siɤ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kui⁴¹/

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ku̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/siːu̯³⁵ kʷɐi̯³⁵/

/sio⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kui⁵⁵⁴/

/siɤ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kui⁴¹/


回合

/xu̯eɪ̯³⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/wuːi̯²¹ hɐp̚²/

/xu̯eɪ̯³⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/wuːi̯²¹ hɐp̚²/

(chess) move (round in which each player makes a move)


撲克牌

/pʰu⁵⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹ pʰaɪ̯³⁵/

/pʰu⁵⁵ kʰə² pʰaɪ̯³⁵/

/pʰu⁵⁵ kʰɤɻ⁵¹ pʰaɪ̯³⁵/

/pʰu³⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹ pʰaɪ̯³⁵/

ㄆㄨˊ ㄎㄜˋㄦ ㄆㄞˊ

/pʰu³⁵ kʰɤɻ⁵¹ pʰaɪ̯³⁵/

/pʰɔːk̚³ hɐk̚⁵ pʰaːi̯²¹⁻³⁵/

porh⁶ keh⁶ be² [Phonetic:porh⁶ keh⁷ be²]

/pʰɒʔ¹ kʰɛʔ¹⁻⁴⁵ pe¹³/

/pʰɒʔ² kʰɛʔ²⁻²⁴ pe¹³/

/pʰɔk̚³²⁻⁴ kʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ pai²⁴/

/pʰɔk̚³²⁻⁴ kʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ pai²³/

/pʰɔk̚³²⁻⁵ kʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁵ pai¹³/

/pʰɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ kʰiak̚⁵⁻²⁴ pai²⁴/

/pʰok̚²⁻⁴ kʰiok̚²⁻⁴ pai⁵⁵/

/pʰoʔ³³ kʰəʔ⁵⁵ ba²¹/

/pʰu⁵⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹ pʰaɪ̯³⁵/

/pʰu⁵⁵ kʰə² pʰaɪ̯³⁵/

/pʰu⁵⁵ kʰɤɻ⁵¹ pʰaɪ̯³⁵/

/pʰu³⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹ pʰaɪ̯³⁵/

/pʰu³⁵ kʰɤɻ⁵¹ pʰaɪ̯³⁵/

/pʰɔːk̚³ hɐk̚⁵ pʰaːi̯²¹⁻³⁵/

/pʰɒʔ¹ kʰɛʔ¹⁻⁴⁵ pe¹³/

/pʰɒʔ² kʰɛʔ²⁻²⁴ pe¹³/

/pʰɔk̚³²⁻⁴ kʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ pai²⁴/

/pʰɔk̚³²⁻⁴ kʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ pai²³/

/pʰɔk̚³²⁻⁵ kʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁵ pai¹³/

/pʰɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ kʰiak̚⁵⁻²⁴ pai²⁴/

/pʰok̚²⁻⁴ kʰiok̚²⁻⁴ pai⁵⁵/

/pʰoʔ³³ kʰəʔ⁵⁵ ba²¹/


泡腳

/pʰɑʊ̯⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pʰɑʊ̯⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


推油

/tʰu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ joʊ̯³⁵/

/tʰu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ joʊ̯³⁵/


推油

/tʰu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ joʊ̯³⁵/

/tʰu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ joʊ̯³⁵/


數獨

Wasei kango (和製漢語), orthographically borrowed from Japanese 数独(すうどく) (sūdoku).


馬殺雞

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂä⁵⁵ t͡ɕi⁵⁵/

/maː¹³ saːt̚³ kɐi̯⁵⁵/

/mã⁴⁴⁻³³ sa¹¹⁻⁵³ t͡si¹¹/

/mã⁴⁴⁻³³ sa²¹⁻⁴¹ t͡si²¹/

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂä⁵⁵ t͡ɕi⁵⁵/

/maː¹³ saːt̚³ kɐi̯⁵⁵/

/mã⁴⁴⁻³³ sa¹¹⁻⁵³ t͡si¹¹/

/mã⁴⁴⁻³³ sa²¹⁻⁴¹ t͡si²¹/

Phono-semantic matching of English massage, via Japanese マッサージ (massāji).

psm

Li Li told Zhang Lan with a smile: "Lan, you have a headache, don't you, shall I massage you?"

2013, 李西闽, 李西闽经典小说：黑灵之舞

Lǐ Lí xiào zhe duì Zhāng Lán shuō: “Lán, nǐ bù shì tóutòng ma, yào bù yào zuò ge mǎshājī ne?”

李梨笑著對張藍說：「藍，你不是頭痛嘛，要不要做個馬殺雞呢？」

2013, 李西闽, 李西闽经典小说：黑灵之舞

李梨笑着对张蓝说：「蓝，你不是头痛嘛，要不要做个马杀鸡呢？」


馬殺雞

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂä⁵⁵ t͡ɕi⁵⁵/

/maː¹³ saːt̚³ kɐi̯⁵⁵/

/mã⁴⁴⁻³³ sa¹¹⁻⁵³ t͡si¹¹/

/mã⁴⁴⁻³³ sa²¹⁻⁴¹ t͡si²¹/

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂä⁵⁵ t͡ɕi⁵⁵/

/maː¹³ saːt̚³ kɐi̯⁵⁵/

/mã⁴⁴⁻³³ sa¹¹⁻⁵³ t͡si¹¹/

/mã⁴⁴⁻³³ sa²¹⁻⁴¹ t͡si²¹/


猜拳

/t͡sʰaɪ̯⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn³⁵/

/t͡sʰaːi̯⁵⁵ kʰyːn²¹/

/t͡sʰaːi̯⁵⁵ kʰyːn²¹⁻³⁵/

/t͡sʰai⁴⁴⁻²² kun²⁴/

/t͡sʰai⁴⁴⁻²² kun¹³/

/t͡sʰai⁴⁴⁻³³ kun²⁴/

/t͡sʰai⁴⁴⁻³³ kun²³/

/t͡sʰai³³⁻²³ kʰuŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰaɪ̯⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn³⁵/

/t͡sʰaːi̯⁵⁵ kʰyːn²¹/

/t͡sʰaːi̯⁵⁵ kʰyːn²¹⁻³⁵/

/t͡sʰai⁴⁴⁻²² kun²⁴/

/t͡sʰai⁴⁴⁻²² kun¹³/

/t͡sʰai⁴⁴⁻³³ kun²⁴/

/t͡sʰai⁴⁴⁻³³ kun²³/

/t͡sʰai³³⁻²³ kʰuŋ⁵⁵/

The Hakka pronunciations come from Japanese じゃんけん (janken).

(Taiwanese Hakka) to play rock paper scissors


心臟病

ㄒㄧㄣ ㄗㄤˋ ㄅㄧㄥˋ

/ɕin⁵⁵ t͡sɑŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ piŋ⁵¹/

/sɐm⁵⁵ t͡sɔːŋ²² pɛːŋ²²/

/sim²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sʰoŋ⁵⁵ pʰi̯aŋ⁵⁵/

/sim⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sɔŋ³³⁻²¹ pẽ³³/

/sim⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sɔŋ³³⁻¹¹ pĩ³³/

/sim³³⁻²³ t͡saŋ³⁵⁻¹¹ pẽ¹¹/

/ɕin⁵⁵ t͡sɑŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ piŋ⁵¹/

/sɐm⁵⁵ t͡sɔːŋ²² pɛːŋ²²/

/sim²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sʰoŋ⁵⁵ pʰi̯aŋ⁵⁵/

/sim⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sɔŋ³³⁻²¹ pẽ³³/

/sim⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sɔŋ³³⁻¹¹ pĩ³³/

/sim³³⁻²³ t͡saŋ³⁵⁻¹¹ pẽ¹¹/


傀儡戲

ㄎㄨㄟˇ ㄌㄟˇ ㄒㄧˋ

/kʰu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ leɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi⁵¹/

/faːi̯³³ lɵy̯¹³ hei̯³³/

/ka⁴⁴⁻²² le⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hi²¹/

/ka³³ le⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ hi⁴¹/

/ka⁴⁴⁻²² le⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hi²¹/

/ka⁴⁴⁻³³ le⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hi¹¹/

/ka⁴⁴⁻³³ le⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ hi²¹/

/kʰu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ leɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi⁵¹/

/faːi̯³³ lɵy̯¹³ hei̯³³/

/ka⁴⁴⁻²² le⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hi²¹/

/ka³³ le⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ hi⁴¹/

/ka⁴⁴⁻²² le⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hi²¹/

/ka⁴⁴⁻³³ le⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hi¹¹/

/ka⁴⁴⁻³³ le⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ hi²¹/


木偶戲

/mu⁵¹ ˀoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi⁵¹/

/mʊk̚² ŋɐu̯¹³ hei̯³³/

/mu⁵¹ ˀoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi⁵¹/

/mʊk̚² ŋɐu̯¹³ hei̯³³/


打劫

/tä²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵/

/tã⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kiap̚³²/

/tã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kiap̚³²/

/tä²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵/

/tã⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kiap̚³²/

/tã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kiap̚³²/

(go) to be in a situation where the ko rule applies


郵票研究

ㄧㄡˊ ㄆㄧㄠˋ ㄧㄢˊ ㄐㄧㄡ

ㄧㄡˊ ㄆㄧㄠˋ ㄧㄢˊ ㄐㄧㄡˋ

/joʊ̯³⁵ pʰi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹ jɛn³⁵ t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵/

/joʊ̯³⁵ pʰi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹ jɛn³⁵ t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵¹/

/jɐu̯²¹ pʰiːu̯³³ jiːn²¹ kɐu̯³³/

/joʊ̯³⁵ pʰi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹ jɛn³⁵ t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵/

/joʊ̯³⁵ pʰi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹ jɛn³⁵ t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵¹/

/jɐu̯²¹ pʰiːu̯³³ jiːn²¹ kɐu̯³³/


紅心

/xʊŋ³⁵ ɕin⁵⁵/

/hʊŋ²¹ sɐm⁵⁵/

/aŋ²⁴⁻²² sim⁴⁴/

/aŋ²⁴⁻²² sim³³/

/aŋ¹³⁻²² sim⁴⁴/

/aŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ sim⁴⁴/

/aŋ²³⁻³³ sim⁴⁴/

/xʊŋ³⁵ ɕin⁵⁵/

/hʊŋ²¹ sɐm⁵⁵/

/aŋ²⁴⁻²² sim⁴⁴/

/aŋ²⁴⁻²² sim³³/

/aŋ¹³⁻²² sim⁴⁴/

/aŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ sim⁴⁴/

/aŋ²³⁻³³ sim⁴⁴/


紅桃

/xʊŋ³⁵ tʰɑʊ̯³⁵/

/hʊŋ²¹ tʰou̯²¹/

/aŋ²⁴⁻²² tʰo²⁴/

/aŋ²⁴⁻²² tʰo²⁴/

/aŋ¹³⁻²² tʰo¹³/

/aŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ tʰo²⁴/

/aŋ²³⁻³³ tʰɤ²³/

/xʊŋ³⁵ tʰɑʊ̯³⁵/

/hʊŋ²¹ tʰou̯²¹/

/aŋ²⁴⁻²² tʰo²⁴/

/aŋ²⁴⁻²² tʰo²⁴/

/aŋ¹³⁻²² tʰo¹³/

/aŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ tʰo²⁴/

/aŋ²³⁻³³ tʰɤ²³/


黑桃

/xeɪ̯⁵⁵ tʰɑʊ̯³⁵/

/hɐk̚⁵ tʰou̯²¹/

/xeɪ̯⁵⁵ tʰɑʊ̯³⁵/

/hɐk̚⁵ tʰou̯²¹/


不求人

ㄅㄨˋ ㄑㄧㄡˊ ㄖㄣˊ

/pu⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi̯oʊ̯³⁵ ʐən³⁵/

/pɐt̚⁵ kʰɐu̯²¹ jɐn²¹/

/put̚³²⁻⁴ kiu²³⁻³³ zin²³/

/put̚²⁻⁵ kiu²⁴⁻³³ d͡zin²⁴/

/put̚³²⁻⁴ kiu²⁴⁻¹¹ lin²⁴/

/pu⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi̯oʊ̯³⁵ ʐən³⁵/

/pɐt̚⁵ kʰɐu̯²¹ jɐn²¹/

/put̚³²⁻⁴ kiu²³⁻³³ zin²³/

/put̚²⁻⁵ kiu²⁴⁻³³ d͡zin²⁴/

/put̚³²⁻⁴ kiu²⁴⁻¹¹ lin²⁴/

traditional Chinese medicine
traditional Chinese medicine

(traditional Chinese medicine) dancing crane cobra lily (Arisaema heterophyllum)


筒子

→ Japanese: 筒(トン)子(ズ) (tonzu)

/tʰʊŋ²¹⁴ d͡z̥z̩⁴/

/tʰʊŋ²¹ t͡siː³⁵/

/doŋ²² t͡sz̩⁴⁴/

/tʰʊŋ²¹⁴ d͡z̥z̩⁴/

/tʰʊŋ²¹ t͡siː³⁵/

/doŋ²² t͡sz̩⁴⁴/


蹦床

/pɤŋ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯ɑŋ³⁵/

/pɐŋ⁵⁵ t͡sʰɔːŋ²¹/

/piɪŋ²¹⁻⁵³ t͡sʰɔŋ²⁴/

/piɪŋ²¹⁻⁵³ t͡sʰɔŋ¹³/

/pŋ̍⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ t͡sʰɔŋ²⁴/

/pɤŋ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯ɑŋ³⁵/

/pɐŋ⁵⁵ t͡sʰɔːŋ²¹/

/piɪŋ²¹⁻⁵³ t͡sʰɔŋ²⁴/

/piɪŋ²¹⁻⁵³ t͡sʰɔŋ¹³/

/pŋ̍⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ t͡sʰɔŋ²⁴/


娛樂場

/y³⁵ lɤ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/y³⁵ lɤ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵/

/jyː²¹ lɔːk̚² t͡sʰœːŋ²¹/

/y³⁵ lɤ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/y³⁵ lɤ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵/

/jyː²¹ lɔːk̚² t͡sʰœːŋ²¹/

2001, Legislative Assembly of Macau, “Legal Regime on the Operation of Casinos and Fortune Gaming”, in Official Journal of the Special Administrative Region of Macau, page 1027:

This Law establishes the legal regime of gambling operations in casinos of the Macau Special Administrative Region

Běn fǎlǜ dìngdìng zài àoméntèbiéxíngzhèngqū jīngyíng yúyuèchǎng xìngyùn bócǎi zhī fǎlǜ zhìdù.

本法律訂定在澳門特別行政區經營娛樂場幸運博彩之法律制度。

本法律订定在澳门特别行政区经营娱乐场幸运博彩之法律制度。


腰鼓

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (腰鼓):
* → Japanese: 腰鼓(ようこ) (yōko)
* → Korean: 요고(腰鼓) (yogo)

/jɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/jiːu̯⁵⁵ kuː³⁵/

/io⁴⁴⁻²² kɔ⁵³/

/io³³ kɔ⁵⁵⁴/

/io⁴⁴⁻²² kɔ⁵³/

/io⁴⁴⁻³³ kɔ⁵³/

/iɤ⁴⁴⁻³³ kɔ⁴¹/

/jɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/jiːu̯⁵⁵ kuː³⁵/

/io⁴⁴⁻²² kɔ⁵³/

/io³³ kɔ⁵⁵⁴/

/io⁴⁴⁻²² kɔ⁵³/

/io⁴⁴⁻³³ kɔ⁵³/

/iɤ⁴⁴⁻³³ kɔ⁴¹/


推拿

/tʰu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ nä³⁵/

/tʰɵy̯⁵⁵ naː²¹/

/tʰui⁴⁴⁻²² nã⁵³/

/tʰui³³ nã⁵⁵⁴/

/tʰui³³⁻²³ na⁵²/

/tʰu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ nä³⁵/

/tʰɵy̯⁵⁵ naː²¹/

/tʰui⁴⁴⁻²² nã⁵³/

/tʰui³³ nã⁵⁵⁴/

/tʰui³³⁻²³ na⁵²/

(traditional Chinese medicine) to practice tui na; to massage


活著

/xu̯ɔ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂɑʊ̯⁵⁵/

/xu̯ɔ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂaʊ̯ɻʷ⁵⁵/

/wuːt̚² t͡sœːk̚²/

/xu̯ɔ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂɑʊ̯⁵⁵/

/xu̯ɔ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂaʊ̯ɻʷ⁵⁵/

/wuːt̚² t͡sœːk̚²/

活着
活着
活着
活着
活招


七巧板

/t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ pän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʰɐt̚⁵ haːu̯³⁵ paːn³⁵/

/t͡sit̚³²⁻⁴ kʰiau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ pan⁵³/

/t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ pän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʰɐt̚⁵ haːu̯³⁵ paːn³⁵/

/t͡sit̚³²⁻⁴ kʰiau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ pan⁵³/


老K

/lɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰaɪ̯⁵⁵/

/lau²¹³⁻²¹ kʰie¹/

/lau⁵³⁻¹¹ kʰai⁵³/

/lɔ²² kʰe⁴⁴/

/lɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰaɪ̯⁵⁵/

/lau²¹³⁻²¹ kʰie¹/

/lau⁵³⁻¹¹ kʰai⁵³/

/lɔ²² kʰe⁴⁴/


剝光豬

/pu̯ɔ⁵⁵ ku̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵/

/mɔːk̚⁵ kʷɔːŋ⁵⁵ t͡syː⁵⁵/

/pu̯ɔ⁵⁵ ku̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵/

/mɔːk̚⁵ kʷɔːŋ⁵⁵ t͡syː⁵⁵/

(xiangqi) to capture all of opponent's chess pieces except for the general


臥槽

/wɔ⁵¹ t͡sʰɑʊ̯³⁵/

/wɔ⁵¹ t͡sʰɑʊ̯³⁵/

(xiangqi) to move a knight into the position of 臥槽馬／卧槽马 (wòcáomǎ)


彈簧單高蹺

ㄊㄢˊ ㄏㄨㄤˊ ㄉㄢ ㄍㄠ ㄑㄧㄠ

таньхуан даньгаоцяо

/tʰän³⁵ xu̯ɑŋ³⁵ tän⁵⁵ kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵/


跳桿

/tʰi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹ kän⁵⁵/

/tʰi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹ kän⁵⁵/


呼拉圈

/xu⁵⁵ lä⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/xu⁵⁵ lä⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰy̯ɑɻ⁵⁵/

/fuː⁵⁵ laːi̯⁵⁵ hyːn⁵⁵/

/xu⁵⁵ lä⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/xu⁵⁵ lä⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰy̯ɑɻ⁵⁵/

/fuː⁵⁵ laːi̯⁵⁵ hyːn⁵⁵/


投子

/tʰoʊ̯³⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʰɐu̯²¹ t͡siː³⁵/

/tʰoʊ̯³⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʰɐu̯²¹ t͡siː³⁵/

For pronunciation and definitions of 投子 – see 骰子 (“die”).
(This term is a variant form of 骰子).

zh-see

(go) to resign by dropping several stones on the board


戰爭舞

/ʈ͡ʂän⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵⁵ u²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʈ͡ʂän⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵⁵ u²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


戰陣舞

/ʈ͡ʂän⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂən⁵¹ u²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʈ͡ʂän⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂən⁵¹ u²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


戰舞

/ʈ͡ʂän⁵¹ u²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʈ͡ʂän⁵¹ u²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


砌磚

/t͡ɕʰi⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂu̯än⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕʰi²¹³ t͡suan⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰɐi̯⁵⁵ t͡syːn⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕʰi⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂu̯än⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕʰi²¹³ t͡suan⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰɐi̯⁵⁵ t͡syːn⁵⁵/

(colloquial, figurative) to play mahjong


步法

/pu⁵¹ fä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pu⁵¹ fä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

footwork (in dancing, martial arts, sports, etc.)


飛碟

/feɪ̯⁵⁵ ti̯ɛ³⁵/

/fei̯⁵⁵ tiːp̚²⁻³⁵/

/hui⁴⁴⁻²² tiap̚¹²¹/

/feɪ̯⁵⁵ ti̯ɛ³⁵/

/fei̯⁵⁵ tiːp̚²⁻³⁵/

/hui⁴⁴⁻²² tiap̚¹²¹/


打地鼠

/tä²¹⁴⁻²¹ ti⁵¹ ʂu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tä²¹⁴⁻²¹ ti⁵¹ ʂu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


行山

/ɕiŋ³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/haːŋ²¹ saːn⁵⁵/

/kiã²⁴⁻¹¹ suã⁴⁴/

/kiã²³⁻³³ suã⁴⁴/

/kiã²⁴⁻²² suã⁴⁴/

/ɕiŋ³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/haːŋ²¹ saːn⁵⁵/

/kiã²⁴⁻¹¹ suã⁴⁴/

/kiã²³⁻³³ suã⁴⁴/

/kiã²⁴⁻²² suã⁴⁴/

(Hokkien, dialectal Cantonese) to pay respects to a dead person at the tomb