東京

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (東京):
* → Japanese: 東京(とうけい) (Tōkei)

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ kɪŋ⁵⁵/

/ɵŋ³³ ken³³/

/tuŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ kin²⁴/

/tʊŋ⁴⁴ kin⁴⁴/

/tøyŋ⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋiŋ⁵⁵/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kiã⁴⁴/

/taŋ³³ kiã³³/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kiã⁴⁴/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kiã⁴⁴/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kiã⁴⁴/

/taŋ³³⁻²³ kĩã³³/

/toŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕin²¹/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ kɪŋ⁵⁵/

/ɵŋ³³ ken³³/

/tuŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ kin²⁴/

/tʊŋ⁴⁴ kin⁴⁴/

/tøyŋ⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋiŋ⁵⁵/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kiã⁴⁴/

/taŋ³³ kiã³³/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kiã⁴⁴/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kiã⁴⁴/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kiã⁴⁴/

/taŋ³³⁻²³ kĩã³³/

/toŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕin²¹/

2006, “富士山下”, in 林夕 (lyrics), What's Going On...?, performed by 陳奕迅 [Eason Chan]:

mong⁴ diu⁶ ngo⁵ gan¹ nei⁵ jan¹ jyun³, jing¹ faa¹ hoi¹ liu⁵ gei² zyun³, dung¹ ging¹ zi¹ leoi⁵ jat¹ zou² bei² jat¹ sai³ jiu⁴ jyun⁵

忘掉我跟你恩怨 櫻花開了幾轉 東京之旅一早比一世遙遠

忘掉我跟你恩怨 樱花开了几转 东京之旅一早比一世遥远

(～都) Tokyo (a prefecture, the capital city of Japan)


京都

/t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ tu⁵⁵/

/kɪŋ⁵⁵ tou̯⁵⁵/

/kiã⁴⁴⁻³³ tɔ⁴⁴/

/t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ tu⁵⁵/

/kɪŋ⁵⁵ tou̯⁵⁵/

/kiã⁴⁴⁻³³ tɔ⁴⁴/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 京都 (Kyōto).

obor

(～市) Kyoto (a city in Kyoto Prefecture, Japan)


森

Ideogrammic compound (會意 /会意): Triplication of 木 (“tree”), to suggest a large number (compare 三) of trees such as one would find in a forest. Compare 林 (*ɡ·rɯm).
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ram (“jungle; forest; country; field”) (STEDT). Schuessler (2007) suggests that it may be an intensive derivation of 林 (*ɡ·rɯm, “forest”), perhaps influenced by parallels in Austroasiatic, such as Old Khmer sarāma, sarāṃ (“a tract of stunted vegetation”), derived from rām (“inundated forest along a watercourse”). Alternatively, Mei (2012) suggests that the prefix *s- has a denominative function.

inh

Mori (a town in Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan)

Mori (a town in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan)


吳

→ English: Wu, Ng, Goh, Ngo

→ Tagalog: Go, Wu

Cao Wei
Chen dynasty
Eastern Han dynasty
Eastern Wei
Eastern Wu
Eastern Zhou dynasty
Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms
Han dynasty
Jin dynasty (1115–1234)
Jin dynasty (265–420)
Liang dynasty
Liao dynasty
Liu Song dynasty
Ming dynasty
Northern Qi
Northern Wei
Northern Zhou
Northern and Southern dynasties
Qin dynasty
Qing dynasty
Shang dynasty
Shu Han
Song dynasty
Southern Qi
Southern and Northern dynasties
Spring and Autumn period
Sui dynasty
Tang dynasty
Three Kingdoms
Warring States period
Western Han dynasty
Western Liao
Western Wei
Western Xia
Western Zhou dynasty
Xia dynasty
Xin dynasty
Yuan dynasty
Zhou dynasty

Ideogrammic compound (會意 /会意): 口 (“mouth”) + 夨 (“man with tilted head”) – to speak loudly.
; "to shout"

Han compound

吴
吴
呉
𠯵
㕦
𡗾
𡗿

(～市) Kure (a city in Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan)


大和

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 大和(やまと) (Yamato).

/taːi̯²² wɔː²¹/

/tai²²⁻²¹ ho²⁴/

/tai⁴¹⁻²² ho²⁴/

/tai²²⁻²¹ ho¹³/

/tai³³⁻¹¹ ho²⁴/

/tai³³⁻²¹ hɤ²³/

/taːi̯²² wɔː²¹/

/tai²²⁻²¹ ho²⁴/

/tai⁴¹⁻²² ho²⁴/

/tai²²⁻²¹ ho¹³/

/tai³³⁻¹¹ ho²⁴/

/tai³³⁻²¹ hɤ²³/

(～市) Yamato (a city in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan)


中央

ja-r

中(ちゅう)央(おう) (chūō)

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (中央):
* → Japanese: 中(ちゅう)央(おう) (chūō)
* → Korean: 중앙(中央) (jung'ang)
* → Vietnamese: trung ương (中央)

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ jɑŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ jœːŋ⁵⁵/

/tuŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ oŋ²⁴/

/t͡suŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ i̯oŋ²⁴/

/tuŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ oŋ²⁴/

/t͡suŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ (j)i̯oŋ²⁴/

/tuŋ⁵³ oŋ⁵³/

/t͡ʃuŋ⁵³ ʒoŋ⁵³/

/tɔŋ³³ ɔŋ⁵⁴/

doeng¹ yorng¹ [Phonetic:doeng⁵ ngyorng¹]

/tœŋ⁵³³⁻¹¹ ^((Ø-))ŋyɒŋ⁵³³/

dyoeng¹ yoeng¹ [Phonetic:dyoeng⁵ ngyoeng¹]

/tyøŋ⁵⁴⁴⁻²¹ ^((Ø-))ŋyøŋ⁵⁴⁴/

/tiɔŋ³³⁻²¹ ŋ̍³³/

/tiɔŋ³³ ŋ̍³³/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² ŋ̍⁴⁴/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ ŋ̍⁴⁴/

/tiɔŋ³³ iɔŋ³³/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² iɔŋ⁴⁴/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² iaŋ⁴⁴/

/tiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ iɪŋ⁴⁴/

/toŋ³³⁻²³ iaŋ³³/

/tã³³⁻²³ ŋ³³/

/t͡soŋ⁵⁵ iã²¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ jɑŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ jœːŋ⁵⁵/

/tuŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ oŋ²⁴/

/t͡suŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ i̯oŋ²⁴/

/tuŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ oŋ²⁴/

/t͡suŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ (j)i̯oŋ²⁴/

/tuŋ⁵³ oŋ⁵³/

/t͡ʃuŋ⁵³ ʒoŋ⁵³/

/tɔŋ³³ ɔŋ⁵⁴/

/tœŋ⁵³³⁻¹¹ ^((Ø-))ŋyɒŋ⁵³³/

/tyøŋ⁵⁴⁴⁻²¹ ^((Ø-))ŋyøŋ⁵⁴⁴/

/tiɔŋ³³⁻²¹ ŋ̍³³/

/tiɔŋ³³ ŋ̍³³/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² ŋ̍⁴⁴/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ ŋ̍⁴⁴/

/tiɔŋ³³ iɔŋ³³/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² iɔŋ⁴⁴/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² iaŋ⁴⁴/

/tiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ iɪŋ⁴⁴/

/toŋ³³⁻²³ iaŋ³³/

/tã³³⁻²³ ŋ³³/

/t͡soŋ⁵⁵ iã²¹/

(～區) Chūō (one of 23 special wards in Tokyo prefecture, Japan)

(～市) Chūō (a city in Yamanashi Prefecture, Japan)


長崎

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/t͡sʰœːŋ²¹ kʰei̯²¹/

/tiɔŋ²³⁻³³ ki²³/

/tiɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ ki²⁴/

/tiɔŋ²³⁻³³ kia³³/

/tiɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ kia³³/

/tŋ̍²⁴⁻¹¹ kia³³/

/tŋ̍²³⁻³³ kia³³/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/t͡sʰœːŋ²¹ kʰei̯²¹/

/tiɔŋ²³⁻³³ ki²³/

/tiɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ ki²⁴/

/tiɔŋ²³⁻³³ kia³³/

/tiɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ kia³³/

/tŋ̍²⁴⁻¹¹ kia³³/

/tŋ̍²³⁻³³ kia³³/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 長崎(ながさき) (Nagasaki).

(～市) Nagasaki (a city in Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan)


秋葉原

/t͡ɕʰi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵ jɛ⁵¹ ɥɛn³⁵/

/t͡sʰɐu̯⁵⁵ jiːp̚² jyːn²¹/

/t͡ɕʰi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵ jɛ⁵¹ ɥɛn³⁵/

/t͡sʰɐu̯⁵⁵ jiːp̚² jyːn²¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 秋(あき)葉(は)原(ばら) (Akihabara).

Akihabara (a neighborhood of Tokyo, Japan)


成田

/ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/sɪŋ²¹ tʰiːn²¹/

/sĩã⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sõĩ⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/sɪŋ²¹ tʰiːn²¹/

/sĩã⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sõĩ⁵⁵/

成田國際機場

成田国际机场

(～市) Narita (a city in Chiba Prefecture, Japan)


名古屋

/miŋ³⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ u⁵⁵/

/mɪŋ²¹ kuː³⁵ ʊk̚⁵/

/biɪŋ²³⁻³³ kɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ɔk̚³²/

/biɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ kɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɔk̚³²/

/miŋ³⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ u⁵⁵/

/mɪŋ²¹ kuː³⁵ ʊk̚⁵/

/biɪŋ²³⁻³³ kɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ɔk̚³²/

/biɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ kɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɔk̚³²/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 名古屋(なごや) (Nagoya).

(～市) Nagoya (the capital city of Aichi Prefecture, in central Honshu, Japan)


高梁

/kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ li̯ɑŋ³⁵/

/kou̯⁵⁵ lœːŋ²¹/

/ko⁴⁴⁻²² liɔŋ²⁴/

/ko³³ liɔŋ²⁴/

/ko⁴⁴⁻²² liɔŋ¹³/

/ko⁴⁴⁻³³ liɔŋ²⁴/

/kɤ⁴⁴⁻³³ liɔŋ²³/

/kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ li̯ɑŋ³⁵/

/kou̯⁵⁵ lœːŋ²¹/

/ko⁴⁴⁻²² liɔŋ²⁴/

/ko³³ liɔŋ²⁴/

/ko⁴⁴⁻²² liɔŋ¹³/

/ko⁴⁴⁻³³ liɔŋ²⁴/

/kɤ⁴⁴⁻³³ liɔŋ²³/

(～市) Takahashi (a city in Okayama Prefecture, Japan)


大阪

/tä⁵¹ pän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tai⁴¹⁻²² pan⁵⁵⁴/

/tä⁵¹ pän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tai⁴¹⁻²² pan⁵⁵⁴/

(～市) Osaka (the capital city of Osaka Prefecture, Japan)

(～府) Osaka (a prefecture on the island of Honshu, Japan)


日向

/ʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵¹/

/jɐt̚² hœːŋ³³/

/ʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵¹/

/jɐt̚² hœːŋ³³/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 日向.

(～市) Hyūga (a city in Miyazaki Prefecture, Japan)


三重

/sän⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰʊŋ³⁵/

/saːm⁵⁵ t͡sʰʊŋ²¹/

/sän⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰʊŋ³⁵/

/saːm⁵⁵ t͡sʰʊŋ²¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 三重(みえ) (Mie)


天理

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʰi̯en²⁴⁻¹¹ li²⁴/

/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ li⁵³/

/tʰiɛn³³ li⁵⁵⁴/

/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² li⁵³/

/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ li⁴¹/

/tʰĩ⁴⁴⁻²² li⁵³/

/tʰĩ⁴⁴⁻³³ li⁵³/

/tʰĩ³³⁴ li²¹/

/tʰĩ⁴⁴⁻³³ li⁴¹/

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʰi̯en²⁴⁻¹¹ li²⁴/

/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ li⁵³/

/tʰiɛn³³ li⁵⁵⁴/

/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² li⁵³/

/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ li⁴¹/

/tʰĩ⁴⁴⁻²² li⁵³/

/tʰĩ⁴⁴⁻³³ li⁵³/

/tʰĩ³³⁴ li²¹/

/tʰĩ⁴⁴⁻³³ li⁴¹/

(～市) Tenri (a city in Nara Prefecture, Japan)


日光

/ʐ̩⁵¹ ku̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/jɐt̚² kʷɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/ŋit̚² koŋ²⁴/

/lit̚²⁴⁻² kŋ̍³³/

/lit̚⁴⁻³² kŋ̍⁴⁴/

/d͡zit̚¹²¹⁻²¹ kuĩ⁴⁴/

/zit̚⁴⁻³² kŋ̍⁴⁴/

/lit̚⁴⁻³² kɔŋ⁴⁴/

/lit̚²⁴⁻² kɔŋ³³/

/zit̚⁴⁻³² kɔŋ⁴⁴/

/n̠ʲiɪʔ¹¹ kuɑ̃²³/

/ʐ̩⁵¹ ku̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/jɐt̚² kʷɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/ŋit̚² koŋ²⁴/

/lit̚²⁴⁻² kŋ̍³³/

/lit̚⁴⁻³² kŋ̍⁴⁴/

/d͡zit̚¹²¹⁻²¹ kuĩ⁴⁴/

/zit̚⁴⁻³² kŋ̍⁴⁴/

/lit̚⁴⁻³² kɔŋ⁴⁴/

/lit̚²⁴⁻² kɔŋ³³/

/zit̚⁴⁻³² kɔŋ⁴⁴/

/n̠ʲiɪʔ¹¹ kuɑ̃²³/

(～市) Nikkō (a city in Tochigi Prefecture, Japan)


茨城

/t͡sʰz̩³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/t͡sʰiː²¹ sɪŋ²¹/

/t͡sʰz̩³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/t͡sʰiː²¹ sɪŋ²¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 茨(いばら)城(き) (Ibaraki).


北海道

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ tɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/pɐk̚⁵ hɔːi̯³⁵ tou̯²²/

/pak̚³²⁻⁴ hai⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tɤ³³/

/pak̚³²⁻⁴ hai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ to³³/

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ tɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/pɐk̚⁵ hɔːi̯³⁵ tou̯²²/

/pak̚³²⁻⁴ hai⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tɤ³³/

/pak̚³²⁻⁴ hai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ to³³/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 北海道(ほっかいどう) (Hokkaidō).

Hokkaido (an island and prefecture of Japan)


奈良

/naɪ̯⁵¹ li̯ɑŋ³⁵/

/nɔːi̯²² lœːŋ²¹/

/nãi³³⁻¹¹ liɔŋ²⁴/

/nãi³³⁻²¹ liɔŋ²³/

/naɪ̯⁵¹ li̯ɑŋ³⁵/

/nɔːi̯²² lœːŋ²¹/

/nãi³³⁻¹¹ liɔŋ²⁴/

/nãi³³⁻²¹ liɔŋ²³/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 奈良 (Nara).

obor

(～市) Nara (a city in Nara Prefecture, Japan)


京都府

/t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ tu⁵⁵ fu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kɪŋ⁵⁵ tou̯⁵⁵ fuː³⁵/

/t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ tu⁵⁵ fu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kɪŋ⁵⁵ tou̯⁵⁵ fuː³⁵/


東北

→ Korean: 둥베이 (dungbei)

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ pɐk̚⁵/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻²² pak̚³²/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻²² pak̚³²/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ pak̚³²/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ pak̚³²/

/taŋ³³⁻²³ pak̚²/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ pɐk̚⁵/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻²² pak̚³²/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻²² pak̚³²/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ pak̚³²/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ pak̚³²/

/taŋ³³⁻²³ pak̚²/


新宿

/sɐn⁵⁵ sʊk̚⁵/

/sɐn⁵⁵ sʊk̚⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 新(しん)宿(じゅく) (Shinjuku).

(～區) Shinjuku (one of 23 special wards in Tokyo prefecture, Japan)


新港

/ɕin⁵⁵ kɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sɐn⁵⁵ kɔːŋ³⁵/

/sin⁴⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁵³/

/sin⁴⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁵³/

/sin⁴⁴⁻³³ kaŋ⁵³/

/sin⁴⁴⁻³³ kaŋ⁴¹/

/ɕin⁵⁵ kɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sɐn⁵⁵ kɔːŋ³⁵/

/sin⁴⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁵³/

/sin⁴⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁵³/

/sin⁴⁴⁻³³ kaŋ⁵³/

/sin⁴⁴⁻³³ kaŋ⁴¹/

Shinkō, Shinko (various townships in Japan)


雲南

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 雲南(うんなん) (Unnan).

/huŋ⁵³⁻³³ nˡaŋ⁵³/

/ɔŋ¹³⁻¹¹ naŋ¹³/

/uoŋ²⁴⁻²¹ naŋ²⁴/

/in¹³⁻²² lam¹³/

/huŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ lam⁵⁵/

/ɦyn²² nø⁴⁴/

/huŋ⁵³⁻³³ nˡaŋ⁵³/

/ɔŋ¹³⁻¹¹ naŋ¹³/

/uoŋ²⁴⁻²¹ naŋ²⁴/

/in¹³⁻²² lam¹³/

/huŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ lam⁵⁵/

/ɦyn²² nø⁴⁴/

(～市) Unnan (a city in Shimane Prefecture, Japan)


廣島

/ku̯ɑŋ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kʷɔːŋ³⁵ tou̯³⁵/

/kɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ to⁵³/

/kɔŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ to⁵⁵⁴/

/kɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ to⁵³/

/kɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ to⁵³/

/kɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tɤ⁴¹/

/ku̯ɑŋ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kʷɔːŋ³⁵ tou̯³⁵/

/kɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ to⁵³/

/kɔŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ to⁵⁵⁴/

/kɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ to⁵³/

/kɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ to⁵³/

/kɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tɤ⁴¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 広島(ひろしま) (Hiroshima).

(～縣) Hiroshima (a prefecture in southwestern Honshu, Japan)

(～市) Hiroshima (the capital city of Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan)


海南

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (海南):
* → Japanese: 海南(かいなん) (Kainan)
* → Korean: 해남(海南) (Haenam)
* → Vietnamese: Hải Nam (海南)

→ English: Hainan, Hai-nan

→ Russian: Хайна́нь (Xajnánʹ)

→ Thai: ไหหลำ (hǎi-lǎm)

→ Zhuang: Haijnanz

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ nän³⁵/

/hɔːi̯³⁵ naːm²¹/

/hᵘɔi⁵⁵ ⁿdam²²/

/hai³³⁻²¹ nˡaŋ⁵³/

/hai⁴⁵³⁻¹³ naŋ¹³/

/hai³³²⁻⁵⁵ naŋ²⁴/

/hai⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ lam²⁴/

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ nän³⁵/

/hɔːi̯³⁵ naːm²¹/

/hᵘɔi⁵⁵ ⁿdam²²/

/hai³³⁻²¹ nˡaŋ⁵³/

/hai⁴⁵³⁻¹³ naŋ¹³/

/hai³³²⁻⁵⁵ naŋ²⁴/

/hai⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ lam²⁴/

Hainan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture
Qinghai Lake
Qiongzhou Strait

Literally, south of a “sea”, which, in the case of Hainan Island or province, refers to the Qiongzhou Strait (瓊州海峽 /琼州海峡 (Qióngzhōu Hǎixiá)), and in the case of Hainan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, refers to the Qinghai Lake (青海湖 (Qīnghǎi Hú)). The district in Wuhai, Inner Mongolia is named after its position relative to the Haibowan (海勃灣／海勃湾) District.
“Kainan” is an orthographic borrowing from Japanese 海(かい)南(なん) (Kainan).

潮州粿條福建麵，海南咖啡廣府炒 / 潮州粿条福建面，海南咖啡广府炒

Cháozhōu guǒtiáo Fújiàn miàn, Hǎinán kāfēi Guǎngfǔ chǎo

(～市) Kainan (a city in Wakayama Prefecture, Japan)


青山

/t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰɪŋ⁵⁵ saːn⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰi̯aŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ san²⁴/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² san⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ³³ san³³/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² san⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ san⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ san⁴⁴/

/t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰɪŋ⁵⁵ saːn⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰi̯aŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ san²⁴/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² san⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ³³ san³³/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² san⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ san⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ san⁴⁴/

Aoyama (a sub-district in Minato, Tokyo prefecture, Japan)


南陽

/nän³⁵ jɑŋ³⁵/

/naːm²¹ jœːŋ²¹/

/lam²⁴⁻²² iɔŋ²⁴/

/lam²⁴⁻²² iɔŋ²⁴/

/lam¹³⁻²² iɔŋ¹³/

/lam²⁴⁻¹¹ iɔŋ²⁴/

/lam²³⁻³³ iɔŋ²³/

/nän³⁵ jɑŋ³⁵/

/naːm²¹ jœːŋ²¹/

/lam²⁴⁻²² iɔŋ²⁴/

/lam²⁴⁻²² iɔŋ²⁴/

/lam¹³⁻²² iɔŋ¹³/

/lam²⁴⁻¹¹ iɔŋ²⁴/

/lam²³⁻³³ iɔŋ²³/

(～市) Nan'yō (a city in Yamagata Prefecture, Japan)


高岡

/kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ kɑŋ⁵⁵/

/kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ kɑŋ⁵⁵/

(～市) Takaoka (a city in Toyama Prefecture, Japan)


知名

/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ miŋ³⁵/

/t͡siː⁵⁵ mɪŋ²¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ miŋ³⁵/

/t͡siː⁵⁵ mɪŋ²¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 知名(ちな) (China).

(～町) China (a town in Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan)


川崎

/ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/t͡sʰyːn⁵⁵ kʰei̯²¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/t͡sʰyːn⁵⁵ kʰei̯²¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 川(かわ)崎(さき) (Kawasaki).

(～市) Kawasaki (a major city in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan)


小林

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ lin³⁵/

/siːu̯³⁵ lɐm²¹/

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ lin³⁵/

/siːu̯³⁵ lɐm²¹/

(～市) Kobayashi (a city in Miyazaki Prefecture, Japan)


吉田

/t͡ɕi³⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/kɐt̚⁵ tʰiːn²¹/

/t͡ɕi³⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/kɐt̚⁵ tʰiːn²¹/

(～町) Yoshida (a town in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan)


山口

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 山口(やまぐち) (Yamaguchi).

/ʂän⁵⁵ kʰoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/saːn⁵⁵ hɐu̯³⁵/

/suã³³ kʰau⁵⁵⁴/

/suã⁴⁴⁻²² kʰau⁵³/

/ʂän⁵⁵ kʰoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/saːn⁵⁵ hɐu̯³⁵/

/suã³³ kʰau⁵⁵⁴/

/suã⁴⁴⁻²² kʰau⁵³/

(～市) Yamaguchi (a city in Yamaguchi Prefecture, Japan)


松本

/sʊŋ⁵⁵ pən²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʰʊŋ²¹ puːn³⁵/

/sʊŋ⁵⁵ pən²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʰʊŋ²¹ puːn³⁵/

(～市) Matsumoto (a city in Nagano Prefecture, Japan)


小松

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ sʊŋ⁵⁵/

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ sʊŋ⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 小松 (Komatsu).

obor

(～市) Komatsu (a city in Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan)


中間

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂuŋ²⁴ t͡ɕiæ̃⁴⁴/

/t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ kaːn⁵⁵/

/t͡suŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ ki̯en²⁴/

/t͡suŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ ki̯an²⁴/

/t͡suŋ¹¹ t͡ɕie¹¹/

/tyŋ⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋaŋ⁵⁵/

/tœŋ⁵³³⁻¹¹ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋaŋ⁵³³/

/tyøŋ⁵⁴⁴⁻²¹ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋaŋ⁵⁴⁴/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kan⁴⁴/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kan⁴⁴/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kan⁴⁴/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kan⁴⁴/

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ³³ kan³³/

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂuŋ²⁴ t͡ɕiæ̃⁴⁴/

/t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ kaːn⁵⁵/

/t͡suŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ ki̯en²⁴/

/t͡suŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ ki̯an²⁴/

/t͡suŋ¹¹ t͡ɕie¹¹/

/tyŋ⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋaŋ⁵⁵/

/tœŋ⁵³³⁻¹¹ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋaŋ⁵³³/

/tyøŋ⁵⁴⁴⁻²¹ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋaŋ⁵⁴⁴/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kan⁴⁴/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kan⁴⁴/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kan⁴⁴/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kan⁴⁴/

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ³³ kan³³/

(～市) Nakama (a city in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan)


札幌

/ʈ͡ʂä³⁵ xu̯ɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡saːt̚³ fɔːŋ³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂä³⁵ xu̯ɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡saːt̚³ fɔːŋ³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 札(さっ)幌(ぽろ) (Sapporo), from Ainu.

2001, “飛花”, in 陳少琪 (lyrics), 飛花, performed by 李克勤:

tung⁴ jau⁴ ling⁴ dou⁶ haa⁶ seon⁴ baak⁶ sik¹ dik¹ zaat³ fong²

同遊零度下純白色的札幌

同游零度下纯白色的札幌

(～市) Sapporo (the capital and largest city of Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan)


福岡

/fu³⁵ kɑŋ⁵⁵/

/fʊk̚⁵ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/hɔk̚³²⁻⁴ kɔŋ⁴⁴/

/fu³⁵ kɑŋ⁵⁵/

/fʊk̚⁵ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/hɔk̚³²⁻⁴ kɔŋ⁴⁴/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 福岡(ふくおか) (Fukuoka).

(～縣) Fukuoka (a prefecture in northern Kyushu, Japan)

(～市) Fukuoka (the capital city of Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan)


村山

/t͡sʰu̯ən⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰu̯ən⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 村山 (Murayama).

(～市) Murayama (a city in Yamagata Prefecture, Japan)


川口

/ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵ kʰoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʰyːn⁵⁵ hɐu̯³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵ kʰoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʰyːn⁵⁵ hɐu̯³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 川口 (Kawaguchi).

(～市) Kawaguchi (a city in Saitama Prefecture, Japan)


春日

/ʈ͡ʂʰu̯ən⁵⁵ ʐ̩⁵¹/

/t͡sʰɵn⁵⁵ jɐt̚²/

/t͡sʰun⁴⁴⁻²² d͡zit̚⁴/

/t͡sʰun⁴⁴⁻²² d͡zit̚¹²¹/

/t͡sʰun⁴⁴⁻³³ d͡zit̚⁴/

/t͡sʰun⁴⁴⁻³³ zit̚⁴/

/ʈ͡ʂʰu̯ən⁵⁵ ʐ̩⁵¹/

/t͡sʰɵn⁵⁵ jɐt̚²/

/t͡sʰun⁴⁴⁻²² d͡zit̚⁴/

/t͡sʰun⁴⁴⁻²² d͡zit̚¹²¹/

/t͡sʰun⁴⁴⁻³³ d͡zit̚⁴/

/t͡sʰun⁴⁴⁻³³ zit̚⁴/

(～市) Kasuga (a city in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan)


小山

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

(～市) Oyama (a city in Tochigi Prefecture, Japan)


江東

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 江東(こうとう) (kōtō, “Kōtō”)

ja-r

江東(こうとう) (kōtō, “Kōtō”)

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/kɔːŋ⁵⁵ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/kɑ̃⁵⁵ toŋ²¹/

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/kɔːŋ⁵⁵ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/kɑ̃⁵⁵ toŋ²¹/

(～區) Kōtō (a special ward of Tokyo prefecture, Japan)


江南

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (江南):
* → Japanese: 江南(こうなん) (Kōnan)
* → Korean: 강남(江南) (Gangnam)
* → Vietnamese: Giang Nam (江南)

→ Manchu: ᡤᡳᠶᠠᠩᠨᠠᠨ (giyangnan)

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ nän³⁵/

/kɔːŋ⁵⁵ naːm²¹/

/kaŋ⁴⁴⁻²² lam²⁴/

/kaŋ⁴⁴⁻²² lam¹³/

/kaŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ lam²⁴/

/kaŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ lam²³/

/kɑ̃⁵⁵ nø²¹/

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ nän³⁵/

/kɔːŋ⁵⁵ naːm²¹/

/kaŋ⁴⁴⁻²² lam²⁴/

/kaŋ⁴⁴⁻²² lam¹³/

/kaŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ lam²⁴/

/kaŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ lam²³/

/kɑ̃⁵⁵ nø²¹/

(～市) Kōnan (a city in Aichi Prefecture, Japan)


關東

/ku̯än⁵⁵ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/kʷaːn⁵⁵ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/kuan⁴⁴⁻²² tɔŋ⁴⁴/

/kuan⁴⁴⁻²² tɔŋ⁴⁴/

/kuan⁴⁴⁻³³ tɔŋ⁴⁴/

/kuan⁴⁴⁻³³ tɔŋ⁴⁴/

/ku̯än⁵⁵ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/kʷaːn⁵⁵ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/kuan⁴⁴⁻²² tɔŋ⁴⁴/

/kuan⁴⁴⁻²² tɔŋ⁴⁴/

/kuan⁴⁴⁻³³ tɔŋ⁴⁴/

/kuan⁴⁴⁻³³ tɔŋ⁴⁴/

關東大地震

关东大地震


山梨

/ʂän⁵⁵ li³⁵/

/ʂän⁵⁵ li³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 山梨(やまなし) (yamanashi)

(～市) Yamanashi (a city in Yamanashi Prefecture, Japan)


龍王

ja-r

竜王(りゅうおう) (ryūō)

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (龍王):
* → Japanese: 竜王(りゅうおう) (ryūō)
* → Korean: 룡왕(龍王) (ryong'wang), 용왕(龍王) (yong'wang)
* → Vietnamese: long vương (龍王)

/lʊŋ³⁵ wɑŋ³⁵/

/lʊŋ²¹ wɔːŋ²¹/

/li̯uŋ¹¹ voŋ¹¹/

/l̃yŋ⁵³⁻³³ ^((Ø-))ŋuoŋ⁵³/

/liɪŋ²³⁻³³ ɔŋ²³/

/liɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ ɔŋ²⁴/

/liɪŋ²⁴⁻²² ɔŋ²⁴/

/liɔŋ¹³⁻²² ɔŋ¹³/

/liɪŋ²³⁻³³ ŋ̍²³/

/liɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ ŋ̍²⁴/

/lʊŋ³⁵ wɑŋ³⁵/

/lʊŋ²¹ wɔːŋ²¹/

/li̯uŋ¹¹ voŋ¹¹/

/l̃yŋ⁵³⁻³³ ^((Ø-))ŋuoŋ⁵³/

/liɪŋ²³⁻³³ ɔŋ²³/

/liɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ ɔŋ²⁴/

/liɪŋ²⁴⁻²² ɔŋ²⁴/

/liɔŋ¹³⁻²² ɔŋ¹³/

/liɪŋ²³⁻³³ ŋ̍²³/

/liɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ ŋ̍²⁴/

* (Ryūō): Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 竜王町.

obor

Shiga Prefecture
Shiga Prefecture#English

(～町) Ryūō (a town in Shiga Prefecture, Japan)


福島

/fu³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/fu³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 福(ふく)島(しま) (Fukushima).

(～市) Fukushima (a city in Fukushima Prefecture, Japan)


上山

/ʂɑŋ⁵¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

/sœːŋ¹³ saːn⁵⁵/

/soŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ san²⁴/

/t͡siũ³³⁻²¹ suã⁴⁴/

/t͡siũ³³⁻¹¹ suã⁴⁴/

/t͡siũ²²⁻²¹ suã⁴⁴/

/t͡siɔ̃²²⁻²¹ suã⁴⁴/

/t͡siũ²² suã³³/

/t͡sĩẽ³⁵⁻¹¹ sũã³³/

/zɑ̃²² se⁴⁴/

/ʂɑŋ⁵¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

/sœːŋ¹³ saːn⁵⁵/

/soŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ san²⁴/

/t͡siũ³³⁻²¹ suã⁴⁴/

/t͡siũ³³⁻¹¹ suã⁴⁴/

/t͡siũ²²⁻²¹ suã⁴⁴/

/t͡siɔ̃²²⁻²¹ suã⁴⁴/

/t͡siũ²² suã³³/

/t͡sĩẽ³⁵⁻¹¹ sũã³³/

/zɑ̃²² se⁴⁴/

(～市) Kaminoyama (a city in Yamagata Prefecture, Japan)


鎌倉

/li̯ɛn³⁵ t͡sʰɑŋ⁵⁵/

/li̯ɛn³⁵ t͡sʰɑŋ⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 鎌倉 (Kamakura).

(～市) Kamakura (a city in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan)


郡山

/t͡ɕyn⁵¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

/kʷɐn²² saːn⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕyn⁵¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

/kʷɐn²² saːn⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 郡山 (Kōriyama).

(～市) Kōriyama (a city in Fukushima Prefecture, Japan)


湖南

/hu⁵³⁻³³ nˡaŋ⁵³/

/hɔu¹³⁻¹¹ naŋ¹³/

/hɔu²⁴⁻²¹ naŋ²⁴/

/ɔ²⁴⁻²² lam²⁴/

/ɔ²⁴⁻²² lam²⁴/

/ɔ¹³⁻²² lam¹³/

/ɔ²⁴⁻¹¹ lam²⁴/

/ɔ²³⁻³³ lam²³/

/ou⁵⁵⁻¹¹ lam⁵⁵/

/ou⁵⁵⁻¹¹ nam⁵⁵/

/ɸu¹³ l̃an¹³/

/hu⁵³⁻³³ nˡaŋ⁵³/

/hɔu¹³⁻¹¹ naŋ¹³/

/hɔu²⁴⁻²¹ naŋ²⁴/

/ɔ²⁴⁻²² lam²⁴/

/ɔ²⁴⁻²² lam²⁴/

/ɔ¹³⁻²² lam¹³/

/ɔ²⁴⁻¹¹ lam²⁴/

/ɔ²³⁻³³ lam²³/

/ou⁵⁵⁻¹¹ lam⁵⁵/

/ou⁵⁵⁻¹¹ nam⁵⁵/

/ɸu¹³ l̃an¹³/

(～市) Konan (a city in Shiga Prefecture, Japan)


高砂

/kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ʂä⁵⁵/

/ko⁴⁴⁻²² sa⁴⁴/

/ko⁴⁴⁻²² sa⁴⁴/

/ko⁴⁴⁻³³ sa⁴⁴/

/kɤ⁴⁴⁻³³ sa⁴⁴/

/kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ʂä⁵⁵/

/ko⁴⁴⁻²² sa⁴⁴/

/ko⁴⁴⁻²² sa⁴⁴/

/ko⁴⁴⁻³³ sa⁴⁴/

/kɤ⁴⁴⁻³³ sa⁴⁴/

(～市) Takasago (a city in Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan)


鹿角

/lu⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lʊk̚² kɔːk̚³/

/l̃øyʔ⁵⁻²¹ kɔyʔ²⁴/

/lɔk̚⁴⁻³² kak̚³²/

/lɔk̚²⁴⁻² kak̚⁵/

/lɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ kak̚³²/

/lɔk̚⁴⁻³² kak̚³²/

/lɔk̚⁴⁻³² kak̚³²/

/lu⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lʊk̚² kɔːk̚³/

/l̃øyʔ⁵⁻²¹ kɔyʔ²⁴/

/lɔk̚⁴⁻³² kak̚³²/

/lɔk̚²⁴⁻² kak̚⁵/

/lɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ kak̚³²/

/lɔk̚⁴⁻³² kak̚³²/

/lɔk̚⁴⁻³² kak̚³²/

(～市) Kazuno (a city in Akita Prefecture, Japan)


東海

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ hɔːi̯³⁵/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻²² hai⁵³/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻²² hai⁵³/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ hai⁵³/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ hai⁴¹/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ hɔːi̯³⁵/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻²² hai⁵³/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻²² hai⁵³/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ hai⁵³/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ hai⁴¹/

(～市) Tōkai (a city in Aichi Prefecture, Japan)


西宮

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 西宮 (Nishinomiya).

/ɕi⁵⁵ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

/ɕi⁵⁵ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

(～市) Nishinomiya (a city in Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan)


鳩山

/t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

(～町) Hatoyama (a town in Hiki district, Saitama Prefecture, Japan)


品川

/pʰin²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

/pɐn³⁵ t͡sʰyːn⁵⁵/

/pʰin²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

/pɐn³⁵ t͡sʰyːn⁵⁵/

(～區) Shinagawa (one of the 23 special wards in Tokyo prefecture, Japan)


菊池

/t͡ɕy³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩³⁵/

/t͡ɕy³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 菊(きく)池(ち) (kikuchi).

(～市) Kikuchi (a city in Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan)


河北

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (河北):
* → Japanese: 河(か)北(ほく) (Kahoku)
* → Korean: 하북(河北) (Habuk)
* → Vietnamese: Hà Bắc (河北)

→ English: Hebei, Hopeh

/xɤ³⁵ peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/hɔː²¹ pɐk̚⁵/

/o⁵³⁻²¹ ⁽ᵖ⁻⁾βɔyʔ²⁴/

/hɒ¹³⁻⁴² paʔ²¹/

/hɒ²⁴⁻⁴² paʔ²/

/ho²⁴⁻²² pak̚³²/

/ho²⁴⁻²² pak̚⁵/

/ho¹³⁻²² pak̚³²/

/ho²⁴⁻¹¹ pak̚³²/

/hɤ²³⁻³³ pak̚³²/

/ho⁵⁵⁻¹¹ pak̚²/

/ɦu²² poʔ⁴⁴/

/xɤ³⁵ peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/hɔː²¹ pɐk̚⁵/

/o⁵³⁻²¹ ⁽ᵖ⁻⁾βɔyʔ²⁴/

/hɒ¹³⁻⁴² paʔ²¹/

/hɒ²⁴⁻⁴² paʔ²/

/ho²⁴⁻²² pak̚³²/

/ho²⁴⁻²² pak̚⁵/

/ho¹³⁻²² pak̚³²/

/ho²⁴⁻¹¹ pak̚³²/

/hɤ²³⁻³³ pak̚³²/

/ho⁵⁵⁻¹¹ pak̚²/

/ɦu²² poʔ⁴⁴/

(～市) Kahoku (a city in Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan)


向日

/ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʐ̩⁵¹/

/hœːŋ³³ jɐt̚²/

/hiɔŋ²¹⁻⁵³ lit̚⁴/

/hiɔŋ¹¹⁻⁵³ lit̚⁴/

/hiɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ lit̚²⁴/

/hiaŋ²¹⁻⁵³ d͡zit̚¹²¹/

/hiɔŋ²¹⁻⁴¹ zit̚⁴/

/ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʐ̩⁵¹/

/hœːŋ³³ jɐt̚²/

/hiɔŋ²¹⁻⁵³ lit̚⁴/

/hiɔŋ¹¹⁻⁵³ lit̚⁴/

/hiɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ lit̚²⁴/

/hiaŋ²¹⁻⁵³ d͡zit̚¹²¹/

/hiɔŋ²¹⁻⁴¹ zit̚⁴/

(～市) Mukō (a city in Kyōto prefecture, Japan)


多久

/tu̯ɔ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tɔː⁵⁵ kɐu̯³⁵/

/to⁴⁴⁻³⁵ kiu³¹/

/tu̯ɔ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tɔː⁵⁵ kɐu̯³⁵/

/to⁴⁴⁻³⁵ kiu³¹/

(～市) Taku (a city in Saga Prefecture, Japan)


沖繩

/ʈ͡ʂʰʊŋ⁵⁵ ʂɤŋ³⁵/

/t͡sʰʊŋ⁵⁵ sɪŋ²¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʰʊŋ⁵⁵ ʂɤŋ³⁵/

/t͡sʰʊŋ⁵⁵ sɪŋ²¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 沖縄 (Okinawa).

obor

(～市) Okinawa (a city in Okinawa Prefecture, Japan)


太白

/tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ paɪ̯³⁵/

/tʰaːi̯³³ paːk̚²/

/tʰai²¹⁻⁵³ piɪk̚⁴/

/tʰai⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ piɪk̚²⁴/

/tʰai²¹⁻⁵³ piɪk̚¹²¹/

/tʰai¹¹⁻⁵³ piɪk̚⁴/

/tʰai²¹⁻⁴¹ piɪk̚⁴/

/tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ paɪ̯³⁵/

/tʰaːi̯³³ paːk̚²/

/tʰai²¹⁻⁵³ piɪk̚⁴/

/tʰai⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ piɪk̚²⁴/

/tʰai²¹⁻⁵³ piɪk̚¹²¹/

/tʰai¹¹⁻⁵³ piɪk̚⁴/

/tʰai²¹⁻⁴¹ piɪk̚⁴/

(～區) Taihaku (a ward of Sendai, Miyagi Prefecture, Japan)


高山

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 高山(たかやま) (Takayama).

/kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/ko²⁴⁻¹¹ san²⁴/

/ko⁴⁴⁻²² san⁴⁴/

/ko⁴⁴⁻²² san⁴⁴/

/ko⁴⁴⁻³³ san⁴⁴/

/kɤ⁴⁴⁻³³ san⁴⁴/

/kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/ko²⁴⁻¹¹ san²⁴/

/ko⁴⁴⁻²² san⁴⁴/

/ko⁴⁴⁻²² san⁴⁴/

/ko⁴⁴⁻³³ san⁴⁴/

/kɤ⁴⁴⁻³³ san⁴⁴/

(～市) Takayama (a city in Gifu Prefecture, Japan)


宮城

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ sɪŋ²¹/

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ sɪŋ²¹/


千葉

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ jɛ⁵¹/

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ jɛ⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 千(ち)葉(ば) (Chiba).

(～市) Chiba (the capital city of Chiba Prefecture, Japan)


三浦

/sän⁵⁵ pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sän⁵⁵ pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(～市) Miura (a city in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan)


千曲

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰy⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰy⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 千曲 (Chikuma).

(～市) Chikuma (a city in Nagano Prefecture, Japan)


竹田

/ʈ͡ʂu³⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂu³⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 竹田 (Taketa).

(～市) Taketa (a city in Ōita Prefecture, Japan)


高島

/kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 高島 (Takashima).

(～市) Takashima (a city in Shiga Prefecture, Japan)


田村

/tʰi̯ɛn³⁵ t͡sʰu̯ən⁵⁵/

/tʰi̯ɛn³⁵ t͡sʰu̯ən⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 田村 (Tamura).

(～市) Tamura (a city in Fukushima Prefecture, Japan)


鶴岡

/xɤ⁵¹ kɑŋ⁵⁵/

/xɤ⁵¹ kɑŋ⁵⁵/

(～市) Tsuruoka (a city in Yamagata Prefecture, Japan)


飯田

/fän⁵¹ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/fän⁵¹ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 飯田 (Iida).

(～市) Iida (a city in Nagano Prefecture, Japan)


池田

/ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩³⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/t͡sʰiː²¹ tʰiːn²¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩³⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/t͡sʰiː²¹ tʰiːn²¹/

(～市) Ikeda (a city in Ōsaka prefecture, Japan)


石川

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

/sɛːk̚² t͡sʰyːn⁵⁵/

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

/sɛːk̚² t͡sʰyːn⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 石川(いしかわ) (Ishikawa).


市川

/ʂʐ̩⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

/siː¹³ t͡sʰyːn⁵⁵/

/ʂʐ̩⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

/siː¹³ t͡sʰyːn⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 市川 (Ichikawa).

(～市) Ichikawa (a city in Chiba Prefecture, Japan)


上田

/ʂɑŋ⁵¹ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/ʂɑŋ⁵¹ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

In reference to the Japanese place, an orthographic borrowing from Japanese 上田 (Ueda).

(～市) Ueda (a city in Nagano Prefecture, Japan)


大川

/tä⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

/taːi̯²² t͡sʰyːn⁵⁵/

/tä⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

/taːi̯²² t͡sʰyːn⁵⁵/

(～市) Ōkawa (a city in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan)


太田

/tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/tʰaːi̯³³ tʰiːn²¹/

/tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/tʰaːi̯³³ tʰiːn²¹/

(～市) Ōta (a city in Gunma Prefecture, Japan)


大田

/tä⁵¹ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/taːi̯²² tʰiːn²¹/

/tai¹¹ t͡sʰɛŋ¹³/

/tai²¹ t͡sʰɛŋ²⁴/

/tua²²⁻²¹ t͡sʰan²⁴/

/tai²²⁻²¹ tiɛn²⁴/

/tua⁴¹⁻²² t͡sʰan²⁴/

/tai⁴¹⁻²² tiɛn²⁴/

/tua²²⁻²¹ t͡sʰan¹³/

/tai²²⁻²¹ tiɛn¹³/

/tua³³⁻¹¹ t͡sʰan²⁴/

/tai³³⁻¹¹ tiɛn²⁴/

/tua³³⁻²¹ t͡sʰan²³/

/tai³³⁻²¹ tiɛn²³/

/tä⁵¹ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/taːi̯²² tʰiːn²¹/

/tai¹¹ t͡sʰɛŋ¹³/

/tai²¹ t͡sʰɛŋ²⁴/

/tua²²⁻²¹ t͡sʰan²⁴/

/tai²²⁻²¹ tiɛn²⁴/

/tua⁴¹⁻²² t͡sʰan²⁴/

/tai⁴¹⁻²² tiɛn²⁴/

/tua²²⁻²¹ t͡sʰan¹³/

/tai²²⁻²¹ tiɛn¹³/

/tua³³⁻¹¹ t͡sʰan²⁴/

/tai³³⁻¹¹ tiɛn²⁴/

/tua³³⁻²¹ t͡sʰan²³/

/tai³³⁻²¹ tiɛn²³/

(～區) Ōda (a special ward of Tokyo prefecture, Japan)


大津

/tä⁵¹ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/

/taːi̯²² t͡sɵn⁵⁵/

/tä⁵¹ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/

/taːi̯²² t͡sɵn⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 大津(おおつ) (Ōtsu).

(～市) Ōtsu (a city in Shiga Prefecture, Japan)


大野

/tä⁵¹ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tä⁵¹ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 大野 (Ōno).

(～市) Ōno (a city in Fukui Prefecture, Japan)


大村

/tä⁵¹ t͡sʰu̯ən⁵⁵/

/tä⁵¹ t͡sʰu̯ən⁵⁵/

(～市) Ōmura (a city in Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan)


岡崎

/kɑŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/kɔːŋ⁵⁵ kʰei̯²¹/

/kɑŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/kɔːŋ⁵⁵ kʰei̯²¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 岡崎(おかざき) (Okazaki).

(～市) Okazaki (a city in Aichi Prefecture, Japan)


小野

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

The sense of a Japanese city is an orthographic borrowing from Japanese 小野 (Ono).

(～市) Ono (a city in Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan)


甲斐

/t͡ɕi̯ä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ feɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡ɕi̯ä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ feɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 甲斐(かい) (Kai).

(～市) Kai (a city in Yamanashi Prefecture, Japan)


香川

/ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

/hœːŋ⁵⁵ t͡sʰyːn⁵⁵/

/hiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sʰuan⁴⁴/

/ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

/hœːŋ⁵⁵ t͡sʰyːn⁵⁵/

/hiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sʰuan⁴⁴/


古賀

/ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ xɤ⁵¹/

/ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ xɤ⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 古賀 (Koga).

(～市) Koga (a city in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan)


佐伯

/t͡su̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ pu̯ɔ³⁵/

/t͡su̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ pu̯ɔ³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 佐伯 (Saiki).

(～市) Saiki (a city in Ōita Prefecture, Japan)


佐野

/t͡su̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡su̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 佐野 (Sano).

(～市) Sano (a city in Tochigi Prefecture, Japan)


島田

/tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 島田 (Shimada).

(～市) Shimada (a city in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan)


白井

/paɪ̯³⁵ t͡ɕiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/paɪ̯³⁵ t͡ɕiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 白井 (Shiroi).

(～市) Shiroi (a city in Chiba Prefecture, Japan)


伊達

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 伊達 (Date).

(～市) Date (a city in Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan)


長井

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ t͡ɕiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ t͡ɕiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 長井 (Nagai).

(～市) Nagai (a city in Yamagata Prefecture, Japan)


中島

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Nakashima, Nakajima (a village in Fukushima Prefecture, Japan)


長島

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʰœːŋ²¹ tou̯³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʰœːŋ²¹ tou̯³⁵/

(～町) Nagashima (a town in Izumi district, Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan)


武雄

/u²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi̯ʊŋ³⁵/

/u²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi̯ʊŋ³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 武雄 (Takeo).

(～市) Takeo (a city in Saga Prefecture, Japan)


中野

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ jɛː¹³/

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ jɛː¹³/

(～區) Nakano (a special ward of Tokyo prefecture, Japan)

(～市) Nakano (a city in Nagano Prefecture, Japan)


長野

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʰœːŋ²¹ jɛː¹³/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʰœːŋ²¹ jɛː¹³/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 長(なが)野(の) (Nagano).

(～市) Nagano (the capital city of Nagano Prefecture, Japan)


西尾

/ɕi⁵⁵ weɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ɕi⁵⁵ weɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 西尾 (Nishio).

(～市) Nishio (a city in Aichi Prefecture, Japan)


沼田

/ʈ͡ʂɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 沼田 (Numata).

(～市) Numata (a city in Gunma Prefecture, Japan)


野田

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 野田 (Noda).

/jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

(～市) Noda (a city in Chiba Prefecture, Japan)


橋本

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵ pən²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kʰiːu̯²¹ puːn³⁵/

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵ pən²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kʰiːu̯²¹ puːn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 橋本 (Hashimoto).

(～市) Hashimoto (a city in Wakayama Prefecture, Japan)


濱中

/pin⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵/

/pin⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 浜中 (Hamanaka).

(～町) Hamanaka (a town in Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan)


半田

/pän⁵¹ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/pän⁵¹ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 半田 (Handa).

(～市) Handa (a city in Aichi Prefecture, Japan)


日高

/ʐ̩⁵¹ kɑʊ̯⁵⁵/

/ʐ̩⁵¹ kɑʊ̯⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 日高 (Hidaka).

(～市) Hidaka (a city in Saitama Prefecture, Japan)


平川

/pʰiŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

/pʰɪŋ²¹ t͡sʰyːn⁵⁵/

/pʰiŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

/pʰɪŋ²¹ t͡sʰyːn⁵⁵/

(～市) Hirakawa (a city in Aomori Prefecture, Japan)


深谷

/ʂən⁵⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sɐm⁵⁵ kʊk̚⁵/

/ʂən⁵⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sɐm⁵⁵ kʊk̚⁵/

(～市) Fukaya (a city in Saitama Prefecture, Japan)


福井

/fu³⁵ t͡ɕiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/fʊk̚⁵ t͡sɛːŋ³⁵/

/fu³⁵ t͡ɕiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/fʊk̚⁵ t͡sɛːŋ³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 福(ふく)井(い) (Fukui).

(～市) Fukui (the capital city of Fukui Prefecture, Japan)


福山

/fu³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/fu³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

(～市) Fukuyama (a city in Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan)


藤枝

/tʰɤŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/

/tʰɤŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 藤枝 (Fujieda).

(～市) Fujieda (a city in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan)


藤岡

/tʰɤŋ³⁵ kɑŋ⁵⁵/

/tʰɤŋ³⁵ kɑŋ⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 藤岡 (Fujioka).

(～市) Fujioka (a city in Gunma Prefecture, Japan)


藤澤

/tʰɤŋ³⁵ t͡sɤ³⁵/

/tʰɤŋ³⁵ t͡sɤ³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 藤沢 (Fujisawa).

(～市) Fujisawa (a city in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan)


古川

/ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

/ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 古川 (Furukawa).

(～市) Furukawa (a city in Miyagi Prefecture, Japan)


古河

/ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ xɤ³⁵/

/ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ xɤ³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 古河 (Koga).

(～市) Koga (a city in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan)


別府

/pi̯ɛ³⁵ fu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pi̯ɛ³⁵ fu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 別府 (Beppu).

(～市) Beppu (a city in Ōita Prefecture, Japan)


前原

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn³⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn³⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 前原 (Maebaru).

(～市) Maebaru (a city in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan)


益田

/i⁵¹ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/i⁵¹ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 益田 (Masuda).

(～市) Masuda (a city in Shimane Prefecture, Japan)


松浦

/sʊŋ⁵⁵ pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sʊŋ⁵⁵ pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(～市) Matsuura (a city in Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan)


松原

/sʊŋ⁵⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

/sʊŋ⁵⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

(～市) Matsubara (a city in Ōsaka prefecture, Japan)


松山

→ English: Songshan, Sungshan

/sʊŋ⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰʊŋ²¹ saːn⁵⁵/

/siɔŋ²⁴⁻²² san⁴⁴/

/siɔŋ²⁴⁻²² san³³/

/siɔŋ¹³⁻²² san⁴⁴/

/siɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ san⁴⁴/

/siɔŋ²³⁻³³ san⁴⁴/

/sʊŋ⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰʊŋ²¹ saːn⁵⁵/

/siɔŋ²⁴⁻²² san⁴⁴/

/siɔŋ²⁴⁻²² san³³/

/siɔŋ¹³⁻²² san⁴⁴/

/siɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ san⁴⁴/

/siɔŋ²³⁻³³ san⁴⁴/

;Songshan; Matsuyama
Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 松(まつ)山(やま) (Matsuyama). In the case of Songshan, it replaced 錫口／锡口, the old name of the area.

(～市) Matsuyama (a city in Ehime Prefecture, Japan)


三澤

/sän⁵⁵ t͡sɤ³⁵/

/sän⁵⁵ t͡sɤ³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 三沢 (Misawa).

(～市) Misawa (a city in Aomori Prefecture, Japan)


三島

/sän⁵⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sän⁵⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 三島 (Mishima).

(～市) Mishima (a city in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan)


三原

/sän⁵⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

/sän⁵⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

(～市) Mihara (a city in Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan)


美馬

/meɪ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/meɪ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 美馬 (Mima).

(～市) Mima (a city in Tokushima Prefecture, Japan)


宮崎

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ kʰei̯²¹/

/kiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kia³³/

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ kʰei̯²¹/

/kiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kia³³/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 宮崎(みやざき) (Miyazaki).

(～市) Miyazaki (a city in Miyazaki Prefecture, Japan)


三好

/sän⁵⁵ xɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sän⁵⁵ xɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 三好 (Miyoshi).

(～市) Miyoshi (a city in Tokushima Prefecture, Japan)


村上

/t͡sʰu̯ən⁵⁵ ʂɑŋ⁵¹/

/t͡sʰyːn⁵⁵ sœːŋ²²/

/t͡sʰu̯ən⁵⁵ ʂɑŋ⁵¹/

/t͡sʰyːn⁵⁵ sœːŋ²²/

(～市) Murakami (a city in Niigata Prefecture, Japan)


柳川

/li̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

/li̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 柳川 (Yanagawa).

(～市) Yanagawa (a city in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan)


吉川

/t͡ɕi³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕi³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 吉川 (Yoshikawa).

(～市) Yoshikawa (a city in Saitama Prefecture, Japan)


明石

/miŋ³⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/mɪŋ²¹ sɛːk̚²/

/miŋ³⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/mɪŋ²¹ sɛːk̚²/

(～市) Akashi (a city in Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan)


相馬

/ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sœːŋ⁵⁵ maː¹³/

/ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sœːŋ⁵⁵ maː¹³/

(～市) Sōma (a city in Fukushima Prefecture, Japan)


高崎

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 高(たか)崎(さき) (Takasaki).

/kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/ko⁴⁴⁻²² kia²⁴/

/kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/ko⁴⁴⁻²² kia²⁴/

(～市) Takasaki (a city in Gunma Prefecture, Japan)


足立

(～區) Adachi (one of 23 special wards in Tokyo prefecture, Japan)


市原

/ʂʐ̩⁵¹ ɥɛn³⁵/

/ʂʐ̩⁵¹ ɥɛn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 市原 (Ichihara).

(～市) Ichihara (a city in Chiba Prefecture, Japan)


宇城

/y²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/y²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 宇城 (Uki).

(～市) Uki (a city in Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan)


砂川

/ʂä⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

/ʂä⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 砂川 (Sunagawa).

(～市) Sunagawa (a city in Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan)


米澤

/mi²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡sɤ³⁵/

/mi²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡sɤ³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 米沢 (Yonezawa).

(～市) Yonezawa (a city in Yamagata Prefecture, Japan)


平塚

/pʰiŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pʰiŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(～市) Hiratsuka (a city in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan)


濱田

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 浜田 (Hamada).

(～市) Hamada (a city in Shimane Prefecture, Japan)


島原

/tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɥɛn³⁵/

/tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɥɛn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 島原 (Shimabara).

(～市) Shimabara (a city in Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan)


白石

/paɪ̯³⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/paːk̚² sɛːk̚²/

/paɪ̯³⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/paːk̚² sɛːk̚²/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 白石 (Shiroishi).

(～市) Shiroishi (a city in Miyagi Prefecture, Japan)


田原

/tʰi̯ɛn³⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

/tʰi̯ɛn³⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 田原 (Tahara).

(～市) Tahara (a city in Aichi Prefecture, Japan)


土佐

/tʰu²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡su̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʰou̯³⁵ t͡sɔː³³/

/tʰou̯³⁵ t͡sɔː²²/

/tʰu²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡su̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʰou̯³⁵ t͡sɔː³³/

/tʰou̯³⁵ t͡sɔː²²/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 土佐 (Tosa).

(～市) Tosa (a city in Kōchi Prefecture, Japan)


船橋

/ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än³⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵/

/syːn²¹ kʰiːu̯²¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än³⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵/

/syːn²¹ kʰiːu̯²¹/

(～市) Funabashi (a city in Chiba Prefecture, Japan)


守口

/ʂoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ kʰoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʂoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ kʰoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 守口 (Moriguchi).

(～市) Moriguchi (a city in Ōsaka prefecture, Japan)


八代

/pä⁵⁵ taɪ̯⁵¹/

/pä⁵⁵ taɪ̯⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 八代 (Yatsushiro).

(～市) Yatsushiro (a city in Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan)


結城

/t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 結(ゆう)城(き) (Yūki).

(～市) Yūki (a city in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan)


伊賀

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 伊賀 (Iga).

(～市) Iga (a city in Mie Prefecture, Japan)


宇治

/y²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/jyː¹³ t͡siː²²/

/y²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/jyː¹³ t͡siː²²/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 宇治 (Uji).

(～市) Uji (a city in Kyōto prefecture, Japan)


熊谷

/ɕi̯ʊŋ³⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ɕi̯ʊŋ³⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 熊谷 (Kumagaya).

(～市) Kumagaya (a city in Saitama Prefecture, Japan)


行方

/ɕiŋ³⁵ fɑŋ⁵⁵/

/ɕiŋ³⁵ fɑŋ⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 行方 (Namegata).

(～市) Namegata (a city in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan)


鳴門

/miŋ³⁵ mən³⁵/

/mɪŋ²¹ muːn²¹/

/miŋ³⁵ mən³⁵/

/mɪŋ²¹ muːn²¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 鳴門 (Naruto).

(～市) Naruto (a city in Tokushima Prefecture, Japan)


伊東

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 伊東 (Itō).

(～市) Itō (a city in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan)


裾野

/t͡ɕy⁵⁵ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡ɕy⁵⁵ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 裾野 (Susono).

(～市) Susono (a city in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan)


大分

/tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ fən⁵¹/

/taːi̯²² fɐn⁵⁵/

/tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ fən⁵¹/

/taːi̯²² fɐn⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 大分(おおいた) (Ōita).

ja-r

大分(おおいた) (Ōita)

(～市) Ōita (a city in Ōita Prefecture, Japan)


西海

/ɕi⁵⁵ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sɐi̯⁵⁵ hɔːi̯³⁵/

/ɕi⁵⁵ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sɐi̯⁵⁵ hɔːi̯³⁵/

(～市) Saikai (a city in Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan)


上市

/ʂɑŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/ʂɑŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 上(かみ)市(いち) (Kamiichi).

(～町) Kamiichi (a town in Toyama Prefecture, Japan)


北上

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂɑŋ⁵¹/

/pɐk̚⁵ sœːŋ¹³/

/pak̚³²⁻⁴ siɔŋ³³/

/pak̚³²⁻⁴ siaŋ³³/

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂɑŋ⁵¹/

/pɐk̚⁵ sœːŋ¹³/

/pak̚³²⁻⁴ siɔŋ³³/

/pak̚³²⁻⁴ siaŋ³³/

(～市) Kitakami (a city in Iwate Prefecture, Japan)


神奈川

Шэньнайчуань

/ʂən³⁵ naɪ̯⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

/sɐn²¹ nɔːi̯²² t͡sʰyːn⁵⁵/

/ʂən³⁵ naɪ̯⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

/sɐn²¹ nɔːi̯²² t͡sʰyːn⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 神奈川 (Kanagawa).


鴨川

/jä⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

/jä⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 鴨川 (Kamogawa).

(～市) Kamogawa (a city in Chiba Prefecture, Japan)


養父

/jɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ fu⁵¹/

/jœːŋ¹³ fuː²²/

/i̯oŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ fu⁵⁵/

/(j)i̯oŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ fu⁵⁵/

/iɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ hu³³/

/iɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hu³³/

/iũ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ pe³³/

/iũ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ pe³³/

/iũ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ pe²²/

/iɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ pe³³/

/iɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ pe³³/

/jɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ fu⁵¹/

/jœːŋ¹³ fuː²²/

/i̯oŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ fu⁵⁵/

/(j)i̯oŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ fu⁵⁵/

/iɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ hu³³/

/iɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hu³³/

/iũ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ pe³³/

/iũ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ pe³³/

/iũ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ pe²²/

/iɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ pe³³/

/iɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ pe³³/

(～市) Yabu (a city in Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan)


銚子

吊子
銱子
銚則:
铫子

/ti̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹ d͡z̥z̩¹/

/tiɔ⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹/

/ti̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹ d͡z̥z̩¹/

/tiɔ⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹/

(～市) Chōshi (a city in Chiba Prefecture, Japan)


新潟

/ɕin⁵⁵ ɕi⁵¹/

/sɐn⁵⁵ sɪk̚⁵/

/ɕin⁵⁵ ɕi⁵¹/

/sɐn⁵⁵ sɪk̚⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 新(にい)潟(がた) (Niigata).

(～市) Niigata (the capital city of Niigata Prefecture, Japan)


美濃

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 美濃(みの) (Mino).

/meɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ nʊŋ³⁵/

/mei̯¹³ nʊŋ²¹/

/bi⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ lɔŋ²³/

/bi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lɔŋ²⁴/

/bi⁴⁴⁻³³ lɔŋ⁴⁴/

/meɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ nʊŋ³⁵/

/mei̯¹³ nʊŋ²¹/

/bi⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ lɔŋ²³/

/bi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lɔŋ²⁴/

/bi⁴⁴⁻³³ lɔŋ⁴⁴/

(～市) Mino (a city in Gifu Prefecture, Japan)


釧路

/ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵¹⁻⁵³ lu⁵¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵¹⁻⁵³ lu⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 釧路 (Kushiro).

(～市) Kushiro (a city in Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan)


舞鶴

/u²¹⁴⁻²¹ xɤ⁵¹/

/u²¹⁴⁻²¹ xɤ⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 舞(まい)鶴(づる) (Maizuru).

(～市) Maizuru (a city in Kyoto Prefecture, Japan)


富士

/fu⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/fuː³³ siː²²/

/fu⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/fuː³³ siː²²/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 富士(ふじ) (Fuji).

(～山) Mount Fuji (the highest mountain in Japan)

(～市) Fuji (a city in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan)


筑波

/ʈ͡ʂu⁵¹ pu̯ɔ⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂu³⁵ pu̯ɔ⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂu⁵¹ pu̯ɔ⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂu³⁵ pu̯ɔ⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 筑波(つくば) (Tsukuba).

(～市) Tsukuba (a city in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan)


佐渡

/t͡su̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ tu⁵¹/

/t͡su̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ tu⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 佐渡 (Sado).

(～市) Sado (a city in Niigata Prefecture, Japan)


愛知

/ˀaɪ̯⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/

/ɔːi̯³³ t͡siː⁵⁵/

/ˀaɪ̯⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/

/ɔːi̯³³ t͡siː⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 愛知(あいち) (Aichi).


岡山

/kɑŋ⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/kɔːŋ⁵⁵ saːn⁵⁵/

/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² san⁴⁴/

/kɔŋ³³ san³³/

/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² san⁴⁴/

/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ san⁴⁴/

/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ san⁴⁴/

/kɑŋ⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/kɔːŋ⁵⁵ saːn⁵⁵/

/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² san⁴⁴/

/kɔŋ³³ san³³/

/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² san⁴⁴/

/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ san⁴⁴/

/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ san⁴⁴/

; Okayama, Japan
; Gangshan District, Kaohsiung, Taiwan

(～市) Okayama (the capital city of Okayama Prefecture, Japan)


埼玉

/t͡ɕʰi³⁵ y⁵¹/

/kʰei̯²¹ jʊk̚²/

/ki²³⁻³³ ɡiɔk̚⁴/

/ki²⁴⁻¹¹ ɡiɔk̚⁴/

/t͡ɕʰi³⁵ y⁵¹/

/kʰei̯²¹ jʊk̚²/

/ki²³⁻³³ ɡiɔk̚⁴/

/ki²⁴⁻¹¹ ɡiɔk̚⁴/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 埼(さい)玉(たま) (Saitama).

(～市) Saitama (the capital city of Saitama Prefecture, Japan)


兵庫

/piŋ⁵⁵ kʰu⁵¹/

/pɪŋ⁵⁵ fuː³³/

/piɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kʰɔ¹¹/

/piɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kʰɔ²¹/

/piŋ⁵⁵ kʰu⁵¹/

/pɪŋ⁵⁵ fuː³³/

/piɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kʰɔ¹¹/

/piɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kʰɔ²¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 兵庫(ひょうご) (Hyōgo).


熊本

/ɕi̯ʊŋ³⁵ pən²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/hʊŋ²¹ puːn³⁵/

/ɕi̯ʊŋ³⁵ pən²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/hʊŋ²¹ puːn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 熊本(くまもと) (Kumamoto).

(～縣) Kumamoto (a prefecture in southwestern Japan)

(～市) Kumamoto (the capital city of Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan)


秋田

/t͡ɕʰi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/t͡sʰɐu̯⁵⁵ tʰiːn²¹/

/t͡ɕʰi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/t͡sʰɐu̯⁵⁵ tʰiːn²¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 秋(あき)田(た) (Akita).

(～市) Akita (a city in Akita Prefecture, Japan)


岐阜

/t͡ɕʰi³⁵ fu⁵¹/

/kʰei̯²¹ fɐu̯²²/

/t͡ɕʰi³⁵ fu⁵¹/

/kʰei̯²¹ fɐu̯²²/

(～市) Gifu (a city in Gifu Prefecture, Japan)


青森

/t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵ sən⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰɪŋ⁵⁵ sɐm⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ sim⁴⁴/

/t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵ sən⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰɪŋ⁵⁵ sɐm⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ sim⁴⁴/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 青(あお)森(もり) (Aomori).

(～市) Aomori (a city in Aomori Prefecture, Japan)


富山

/fu⁵¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

/hu²¹⁻⁴¹ suã⁴⁴/

/hu¹¹⁻⁵³ suã⁴⁴/

/fu⁵¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

/hu²¹⁻⁴¹ suã⁴⁴/

/hu¹¹⁻⁵³ suã⁴⁴/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 富(と)山(やま) (Toyama).

(～市) Toyama (a city in Toyama Prefecture, Japan)


山形

/ʂän⁵⁵ ɕiŋ³⁵/

/saːn⁵⁵ jɪŋ²¹/

/ʂän⁵⁵ ɕiŋ³⁵/

/saːn⁵⁵ jɪŋ²¹/

(～市) Yamagata (a city in Yamagata Prefecture, Japan)


岩手

/jɛn³⁵ ʂoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ŋaːm²¹ sɐu̯³⁵/

/jɛn³⁵ ʂoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ŋaːm²¹ sɐu̯³⁵/


伊勢

/jiː⁵⁵ sɐi̯³³/

/jiː⁵⁵ sɐi̯³³/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 伊勢 (Ise).

(～市) Ise (a city in Mie Prefecture, Japan)


栃木

/li⁵¹⁻⁵³ mu⁵¹/

/lɐi̯²² mʊk̚²/

/li⁵¹⁻⁵³ mu⁵¹/

/lɐi̯²² mʊk̚²/

(～市) Tochigi (a city in Tochigi Prefecture, Japan)


和歌山

/xɤ³⁵ kɤ⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/wɔː²¹ kɔː⁵⁵ saːn⁵⁵/

/xɤ³⁵ kɤ⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/wɔː²¹ kɔː⁵⁵ saːn⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 和歌(わか)山(やま) (Wakayama).

(～市) Wakayama (a city in Wakayama Prefecture, Japan)


群馬

/t͡ɕʰyn³⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kʷʰɐn²¹ maː¹³/

/t͡ɕʰyn³⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kʷʰɐn²¹ maː¹³/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 群(ぐん)馬(ま) (Gunma).


佐賀

/t͡su̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ xɤ⁵¹/

/t͡sɔː³³ hɔː²²/

/t͡su̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ xɤ⁵¹/

/t͡sɔː³³ hɔː²²/

(～市) Saga (a city in Saga Prefecture, Japan)


八幡

/pä⁵⁵ fän⁵⁵/

/pä⁵⁵ fän⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 八幡 (Hachiman).

(～市) Hachiman (a city in Kyōto prefecture, Japan)


桐生

/tʰʊŋ³⁵ ʂɤŋ⁵⁵/

/tʰʊŋ³⁵ ʂɤŋ⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 桐生 (Kiryū).

(～市) Kiryū (a city in Gunma Prefecture, Japan)


金山

→ English: Chinshan, Jinshan, → Gold Mountain (calque)

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/kim³³ san³³⁻³³⁵/

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/kim³³ san³³⁻³³⁵/

For some geographical locations, the name refers to the gold rush in the 19th century. (The term is being used loosely for any place of great chances for wealth in a similar fashion to the English "gold mine".)

(～市) Kaneyama (a city in Yamagata Prefecture, Japan)


本庄

/pən²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/pən²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

For pronunciation and definitions of 本庄 – see 本莊 (“local; native”).
(This term is the simplified form of 本莊).
 Notes:
Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.
Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

zh-see

(～市) Honjō (a city in Saitama Prefecture, Japan)


鳥取

/ni̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡ɕʰy²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/niːu̯¹³ t͡sʰɵy̯³⁵/

/ni̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡ɕʰy²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/niːu̯¹³ t͡sʰɵy̯³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 鳥取(とっとり) (Tottori).

(～市) Tottori (a city in Tottori Prefecture, Japan)


琉球

ja-r

琉球(りゅうきゅう) (ryūkyū)

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (琉球):
* → Japanese: 琉球(りゅうきゅう) (ryūkyū)
* → Vietnamese: Lưu Cầu (琉球), lưu cầu (琉球)

→ Manchu: ᠯᡳᠣ
ᡴᡳᠣ (lio kio)

→ Portuguese: leque

/li̯oʊ̯³⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/lɐu̯²¹ kʰɐu̯²¹/

/l̃ieu⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ieu⁵³/

/liu²³⁻³³ kʰiu²³/

/liu²⁴⁻¹¹ kʰiu²⁴/

/liɤ²² d͡ʑiɤ⁴⁴/

/li̯oʊ̯³⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/lɐu̯²¹ kʰɐu̯²¹/

/l̃ieu⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ieu⁵³/

/liu²³⁻³³ kʰiu²³/

/liu²⁴⁻¹¹ kʰiu²⁴/

/liɤ²² d͡ʑiɤ⁴⁴/

First attested in 《隋書》 (636) as 流求 (MC ljuw gjuw). Further origin unknown.

Ryukyu, Ryūkyū (an archipelago in Japan)


足利

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 足利 (Ashikaga).

obor

(～市) Ashikaga (a city in Tochigi Prefecture, Japan)


高知

/kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/

/kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/

(～市) Kōchi (a city in Kōchi Prefecture, Japan)


愛媛

/ˀaɪ̯⁵¹ ɥɛn³⁵/

/ɔːi̯³³ wuːn²¹/

/ai²¹⁻⁵³ uan²²/

/ai⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ uan⁴¹/

/ai²¹⁻⁵³ uan²²/

/ai¹¹⁻⁵³ uan³³/

/ai²¹⁻⁴¹ uan³³/

/ˀaɪ̯⁵¹ ɥɛn³⁵/

/ɔːi̯³³ wuːn²¹/

/ai²¹⁻⁵³ uan²²/

/ai⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ uan⁴¹/

/ai²¹⁻⁵³ uan²²/

/ai¹¹⁻⁵³ uan³³/

/ai²¹⁻⁴¹ uan³³/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 愛(え)媛(ひめ) (Ehime).


滋賀

/t͡sz̩⁵⁵ xɤ⁵¹/

/t͡siː⁵⁵ hɔː²²/

/t͡su⁴⁴⁻³³ hɤ³³/

/t͡su⁴⁴⁻³³ ho³³/

/t͡sz̩⁵⁵ xɤ⁵¹/

/t͡siː⁵⁵ hɔː²²/

/t͡su⁴⁴⁻³³ hɤ³³/

/t͡su⁴⁴⁻³³ ho³³/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 滋賀(しが) (Shiga).


宇都宮

/y²¹⁴⁻²¹ tu⁵⁵ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

/y²¹⁴⁻²¹ tu⁵⁵ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

Utsunomiya (the capital city of Tochigi Prefecture, Japan)


北九州

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/pɐk̚⁵ kɐu̯³⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/pɐk̚⁵ kɐu̯³⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 北九州 (Kitakyūshū).

(～市) Kitakyūshū (a city in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan)


島根

/tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ kən⁵⁵/

/tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ kən⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 島根(しまね) (Shimane).


長岡

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ kɑŋ⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ kɑŋ⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 長岡 (Nagaoka).

(～市) Nagaoka (a city in Niigata Prefecture, Japan)


函館

/xän³⁵ ku̯än²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/xän³⁵ ku̯än²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 函(はこ)館(だて) (Hakodate).

(～市) Hakodate (a city in Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan)


小田原

ㄒㄧㄠˇ ㄊㄧㄢˊ ㄩㄢˊ

ㄒㄧㄠˇ ㄊㄧㄢˊ ㄩㄢˊ

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 小田原 (Odawara).

(～市) Odawara (a city in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan)


熊野

/ɕi̯ʊŋ³⁵ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ɕi̯ʊŋ³⁵ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 熊野 (Kumano).

(～市) Kumano (a city in Mie Prefecture, Japan)


盛岡

/ʂɤŋ⁵¹ kɑŋ⁵⁵/

/sɪŋ²² kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/ʂɤŋ⁵¹ kɑŋ⁵⁵/

/sɪŋ²² kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 盛(もり)岡(おか) (Morioka).

Morioka (the capital city of Iwate Prefecture, Japan)


鹿島

/lu⁵¹ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lu⁵¹ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(～市) Kashima (a city in Saga Prefecture, Japan)


加賀

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ xɤ⁵¹/

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ xɤ⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 加賀 (Kaga).

(～市) Kaga (a city in Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan)


箱根

/ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ kən⁵⁵/

/sœːŋ⁵⁵ kɐn⁵⁵/

/ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ kən⁵⁵/

/sœːŋ⁵⁵ kɐn⁵⁵/

(～町) Hakone (a town in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan)


伏見

/fu³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/fu³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 伏(ふし)見(み) (Fushimi).

(～區) Fushimi (a ward in Kyoto, Kyoto Prefecture, Japan)


荒川

/xu̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

/xu̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

(～區) Arakawa (one of 23 special wards in Tokyo prefecture, Japan)


淡路

/tän⁵¹⁻⁵³ lu⁵¹/

/tän⁵¹⁻⁵³ lu⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 淡路 (Awaji).

(～市) Awaji (a city in Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan)


白河

/paɪ̯³⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/paːk̚² hɔː²¹/

/pe(ʔ)¹²¹⁻²¹ ho¹³/

/pe(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ hɤ²³/

/paɪ̯³⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/paːk̚² hɔː²¹/

/pe(ʔ)¹²¹⁻²¹ ho¹³/

/pe(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ hɤ²³/

(～市) Shirakawa (a city in Fukushima Prefecture, Japan)


佐世保

/t͡su̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂʐ̩⁵¹ pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡su̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂʐ̩⁵¹ pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 佐世保 (Sasebo).

(～市) Sasebo (a city in Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan)


鳥羽

/ni̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ni̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 鳥羽 (Toba).

(～市) Toba (a city in Mie Prefecture, Japan)


立川

/li⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

/li⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 立川 (Tachikawa).


秩父

/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ fu⁵¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ fu⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 秩父 (Chichibu).

(～市) Chichibu (a city in Saitama Prefecture, Japan)


弘前

/xʊŋ³⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/xʊŋ³⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 弘前 (Hirosaki).

(～市) Hirosaki (a city in Aomori Prefecture, Japan)


和泉

/xɤ³⁵ t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn³⁵/

/xɤ³⁵ t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 和泉 (Izumi).

(～市) Izumi (a city in Ōsaka prefecture, Japan)


石垣

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

/sɛːk̚² wuːn²¹/

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

/sɛːk̚² wuːn²¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 石垣 (Ishigaki).

(～市) Ishigaki (a city in Okinawa Prefecture, Japan)


丹波

/tän⁵⁵ pu̯ɔ⁵⁵/

/tän⁵⁵ pu̯ɔ⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 丹波 (Tanba).

(～市) Tanba (a city in Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan)


御所

/y⁵¹ su̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/y⁵¹ su̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 御所 (Gose).

(～市) Gose (a city in Nara Prefecture, Japan)


四日市

/sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 四日市 (Yokkaichi).

(～市) Yokkaichi (a city in Mie Prefecture, Japan)


朝倉

/ʈ͡ʂɑʊ̯⁵⁵ t͡sʰɑŋ⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂɑʊ̯⁵⁵ t͡sʰɑŋ⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 朝倉 (Asakura).

(～市) Asakura (a city in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan)


千代田

ㄑㄧㄢ ㄉㄞˋ ㄊㄧㄢˊ

ㄑㄧㄢ ㄉㄞˋ ㄊㄧㄢˊ

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ taɪ̯⁵¹ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ taɪ̯⁵¹ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

(～區) Chiyoda (one of 23 special wards in Tokyo prefecture, Japan)


一宮

/jɐt̚⁵ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

/jɐt̚⁵ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 一宮 (Ichinomiya).

(～市) Ichinomiya (a city in Aichi Prefecture, Japan)


鈴鹿

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 鈴鹿 (Suzuka).

(～市) Suzuka (a city in Mie Prefecture, Japan)


前橋

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn³⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵/

/t͡sʰiːn²¹ kʰiːu̯²¹/

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn³⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵/

/t͡sʰiːn²¹ kʰiːu̯²¹/

(～市) Maebashi (a city in Gunma Prefecture, Japan)


宇部

/y²¹⁴⁻²¹ pu⁵¹/

/y²¹⁴⁻²¹ pu⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 宇部 (Ube).

(～市) Ube (a city in Yamaguchi Prefecture, Japan)


國立

/ku̯ɔ³⁵ li⁵¹/

/kʷɔːk̚³ laːp̚²/

/kʷɔːk̚³ lɐp̚²/

/kɔk̚⁵⁵ lip̚³²/

/kɒʔ²¹⁻⁴⁵ liʔ⁴/

/kɒʔ²⁻⁴ liʔ⁴/

/kɔk̚³²⁻⁴ lip̚⁴/

/kɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ lip̚²⁴/

/kɔk̚³²⁻⁵ lip̚¹²¹/

/kɔk̚³²⁻⁴ lip̚⁴/

/kɔk̚³²⁻⁴ lip̚⁴/

/ku̯ɔ³⁵ li⁵¹/

/kʷɔːk̚³ laːp̚²/

/kʷɔːk̚³ lɐp̚²/

/kɔk̚⁵⁵ lip̚³²/

/kɒʔ²¹⁻⁴⁵ liʔ⁴/

/kɒʔ²⁻⁴ liʔ⁴/

/kɔk̚³²⁻⁴ lip̚⁴/

/kɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ lip̚²⁴/

/kɔk̚³²⁻⁵ lip̚¹²¹/

/kɔk̚³²⁻⁴ lip̚⁴/

/kɔk̚³²⁻⁴ lip̚⁴/


池袋

/ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩³⁵ taɪ̯⁵¹/

/t͡sʰiː²¹ tɔːi̯²²/

/ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩³⁵ taɪ̯⁵¹/

/t͡sʰiː²¹ tɔːi̯²²/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 池(いけ)袋(ぶくろ) (Ikebukuro).


倉敷

/t͡sʰɑŋ⁵⁵ fu⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰɑŋ⁵⁵ fu⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 倉敷 (Kurashiki).

(～市) Kurashiki (a city in Okayama Prefecture, Japan)


四國

/sz̩⁵¹ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

/sei̯³³ kʷɔːk̚³/

/sz̩³³ koʔ⁴⁴/

/sz̩⁵¹ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

/sei̯³³ kʷɔːk̚³/

/sz̩³³ koʔ⁴⁴/

Shikoku (the fourth largest island in Japan)


橫濱

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (橫濱):
* → Vietnamese: Hoành Tân (橫濱)

/xɤŋ³⁵ pin⁵⁵/

/waːŋ²¹ pɐn⁵⁵/

/huãi²⁴⁻²² pin⁴⁴/

/xɤŋ³⁵ pin⁵⁵/

/waːŋ²¹ pɐn⁵⁵/

/huãi²⁴⁻²² pin⁴⁴/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 横浜(よこはま) (Yokohama).

Yokohama (the capital city of Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan)


金澤

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ t͡sɤ³⁵/

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ t͡sɤ³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 金沢(かなざわ) (Kanazawa, literally “golden marsh”).

ja-r

(～市) Kanazawa (the capital city of Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan)


神戶

/ʂən³⁵ xu⁵¹/

/sɐn²¹ wuː²²/

/sin²⁴⁻¹¹ hɔ³³/

/sin²³⁻³³ hɔ³³/

/ʂən³⁵ xu⁵¹/

/sɐn²¹ wuː²²/

/sin²⁴⁻¹¹ hɔ³³/

/sin²³⁻³³ hɔ³³/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 神(こう)戸(べ) (Kōbe).

(～市) Kobe (the capital city of Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan)


甲府

/t͡ɕi̯ä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ fu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡ɕi̯ä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ fu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(～市) Kōfu (a city in Yamanashi Prefecture, Japan)


松江

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 松(まつ)江(え) (Matsue).

/sʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰʊŋ²¹ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/siɔŋ²⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁴⁴/

/siɔŋ²⁴⁻²² kaŋ³³/

/siɔŋ¹³⁻²² kaŋ⁴⁴/

/siɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/siɔŋ²³⁻³³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/soŋ⁵⁵ kɑ̃²¹/

/sʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰʊŋ²¹ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/siɔŋ²⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁴⁴/

/siɔŋ²⁴⁻²² kaŋ³³/

/siɔŋ¹³⁻²² kaŋ⁴⁴/

/siɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/siɔŋ²³⁻³³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/soŋ⁵⁵ kɑ̃²¹/

(～市) Matsue (the capital city of Shimane Prefecture, Japan)


靜岡

/t͡ɕiŋ⁵¹ kɑŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sɪŋ²² kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕiŋ⁵¹ kɑŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sɪŋ²² kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

(～市) Shizuoka (the capital city of Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan)


德島

/tɤ³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tɤ³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(～市) Tokushima (a city in Tokushima Prefecture, Japan)


鹿兒島

/lu⁵¹ ˀɤɻ³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lʊk̚² jiː²¹ tou̯³⁵/

/lu⁵¹ ˀɤɻ³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lʊk̚² jiː²¹ tou̯³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 鹿児島 (Kagoshima).

obor

(～縣) Kagoshima (a prefecture in southwestern Japan)

(～市) Kagoshima (the capital city of Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan)


那霸

/nä⁵¹⁻⁵³ pä⁵¹/

/naː¹³ paː³³/

/nä⁵¹⁻⁵³ pä⁵¹/

/naː¹³ paː³³/

(～市) Naha (a city in Okinawa Prefecture, Japan)


栗原

/li⁵¹ ɥɛn³⁵/

/li⁵¹ ɥɛn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 栗原 (Kurihara).

(～市) Kurihara (a city in Miyagi Prefecture, Japan)


角田

/t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 角田 (Kakuda).

(～市) Kakuda (a city in Miyagi Prefecture, Japan)


飯塚

/fän⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/fän⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(～市) Iizuka (a city in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan)


大竹

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 大竹 (Ōtake).

/tä⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂu³⁵/

/taːi̯²² t͡sʊk̚⁵/

/tä⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂu³⁵/

/taːi̯²² t͡sʊk̚⁵/

(～市) Ōtake (a city in Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan)


下田

/ɕi̯ä⁵¹ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/haː²² tʰiːn²¹/

/ɦo²³¹ dɪ²²³/

/ɕi̯ä⁵¹ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/haː²² tʰiːn²¹/

/ɦo²³¹ dɪ²²³/

(～市) Shimoda (a city in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan)


大崎

/tä⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/tä⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 大崎 (Ōsaki).

(～市) Ōsaki (a city in Miyagi Prefecture, Japan)


越中

/ɥɛ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵/

/jyːt̚² t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵/

/ɥɛ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵/

/ɥɛ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵/

/jyːt̚² t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵/

Etchū (a historical province of Japan, roughly corresponding to present-day Toyama Prefecture)


越前

/ɥɛ⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/ɥɛ⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 越前 (Echizen).

(～市) Echizen (a city in Fukui Prefecture, Japan)


能登

/nɤŋ³⁵ tɤŋ⁵⁵/

/nɐŋ²¹ tɐŋ⁵⁵/

/nɤŋ³⁵ tɤŋ⁵⁵/

/nɐŋ²¹ tɐŋ⁵⁵/

(～半島) Noto (a peninsula in Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan)

Noto (a town in Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan)


長門

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ mən³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ mən³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 長門 (Nagato).

(～市) Nagato (a city in Yamaguchi Prefecture, Japan)


阿波

/ˀä⁵⁵ pu̯ɔ⁵⁵/

/ˀä⁵⁵ pu̯ɔ⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 阿波 (Awa).

(～市) Awa (a city in Tokushima Prefecture, Japan)


筑後

/ʈ͡ʂu⁵¹⁻⁵³ xoʊ̯⁵¹/

/ʈ͡ʂu³⁵ xoʊ̯⁵¹/

/ʈ͡ʂu⁵¹⁻⁵³ xoʊ̯⁵¹/

/ʈ͡ʂu³⁵ xoʊ̯⁵¹/

(～市) Chikugo (a city in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan)


出雲

/ʈ͡ʂʰu⁵⁵ yn³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰu⁵⁵ yn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 出雲 (Izumo).

(～市) Izumo (a city in Shimane Prefecture, Japan)


備前

/peɪ̯⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/peɪ̯⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 備前 (Bizen).

(～市) Bizen (a city in Okayama Prefecture, Japan)


美作

/meɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹/

/meɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 美作 (Mimasaka).

(～市) Mimasaka (a city in Okayama Prefecture, Japan)


志摩

/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹ mu̯ɔ³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹ mu̯ɔ³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 志摩 (Shima).

(～市) Shima (a city in Mie Prefecture, Japan)


伊豆

/i⁵⁵ toʊ̯⁵¹/

/jiː⁵⁵ tɐu̯²²/

/i⁵⁵ toʊ̯⁵¹/

/jiː⁵⁵ tɐu̯²²/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 伊豆 (Izu).

(～市) Izu (a city in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan)


下野

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 下野 (Shimotsuke).

/ɕi̯ä⁵¹ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/haː²² jɛː¹³/

/ha²²⁻²¹ ia⁵³/

/ha³³⁻²¹ ia⁴¹/

/ha³³⁻¹¹ ia⁵³/

/hɛ²²⁻²¹ ia⁵³/

/ɕi̯ä⁵¹ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/haː²² jɛː¹³/

/ha²²⁻²¹ ia⁵³/

/ha³³⁻²¹ ia⁴¹/

/ha³³⁻¹¹ ia⁵³/

/hɛ²²⁻²¹ ia⁵³/

(～市) Shimotsuke (a city in Tochigi Prefecture, Japan)


磐城

/pʰän³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/pʰän³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 磐城 (Iwaki).

(～市) Iwaki (a city in Fukushima Prefecture, Japan)


北山

→ English: Beishan

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

(～村) Kitayama (a village in Higashimuro district, Wakayama Prefecture, Kansai, Japan)


有田

/joʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/joʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 有田 (Arida).

(～市) Arida (a city in Wakayama Prefecture, Japan)


田川

/tʰi̯ɛn³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

/tʰi̯ɛn³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 田川 (Tagawa).

(～市) Tagawa (a city in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan)


諏訪

/t͡soʊ̯⁵⁵ fɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡soʊ̯⁵⁵ fɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 諏訪 (Suwa).

(～市) Suwa (a city in Nagano Prefecture, Japan)


中華街

ㄓㄨㄥ ㄏㄨㄚˊ ㄐㄧㄝ

ㄓㄨㄥ ㄏㄨㄚˊ ㄐㄧㄝ

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ xu̯ä³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛ⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ xu̯ä³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛ⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 中華街(ちゅうかがい) (Chūkagai).

Yokohama Chinatown (a neighborhood of Yokohama, Japan)

Nagasaki Shinchi Chinatown
w:Nagasaki Shinchi Chinatown

Nagasaki Shinchi Chinatown (a neighborhood of Nagasaki, Japan)


富岡

/fu⁵¹ kɑŋ⁵⁵/

/fu⁵¹ kɑŋ⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 富岡 (Tomioka).

(～市) Tomioka (a city in Gunma Prefecture, Japan)

(～町) Tomioka (a town in Fukushima Prefecture, Japan)


川西

/ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵ ɕi⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵ ɕi⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 川西 (Kawanishi).

(～市) Kawanishi (a city in Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan)


羽生

/y²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂɤŋ⁵⁵/

/y²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂɤŋ⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 羽生 (Hanyū).

(～市) Hanyū (a city in Saitama Prefecture, Japan)


竹原

/ʈ͡ʂu³⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂu³⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 竹原 (Takehara).

(～市) Takehara (a city in Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan)


井原

/t͡ɕiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɥɛn³⁵/

/t͡ɕiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɥɛn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 井原 (Ibara).

(～市) Ibara (a city in Okayama Prefecture, Japan)


西脇

/ɕi⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɛ³⁵/

/ɕi⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɛ³⁵/

(～市) Nishiwaki (a city in Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan)


川越

/ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵ ɥɛ⁵¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵ ɥɛ⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 川越 (Kawagoe).

(～市) Kawagoe (a city in Saitama Prefecture, Japan)


柏原

/paɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɥɛn³⁵/

/paɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɥɛn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 柏原 (Kashiwara).

(～市) Kashiwara (a city in Ōsaka prefecture, Japan)


坂東

/pän²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/pän²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 坂東 (Bandō).

(～市) Bandō (a city in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan)


大空

/tä⁵¹ kʰʊŋ⁵⁵/

/taːi̯²² hʊŋ⁵⁵/

/tä⁵¹ kʰʊŋ⁵⁵/

/taːi̯²² hʊŋ⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 大空(おおぞら) (Ōzora).

(～町) Ōzora (a town in Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan)


相模原

ㄒㄧㄤˋ ㄇㄛˊ ㄩㄢˊ

ㄒㄧㄤˋ ㄇㄛˊ ㄩㄢˊ

/ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵¹ mu̯ɔ³⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

/sœːŋ³³ mou̯²¹ jyːn²¹/

/ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵¹ mu̯ɔ³⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

/sœːŋ³³ mou̯²¹ jyːn²¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 相模原 (Sagamihara).

(～市) Sagamihara (a city in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan)


尼崎

/ni³⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/ni³⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 尼崎 (Amagasaki).

(～市) Amagasaki (a city in Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan)


枚方

/meɪ̯³⁵ fɑŋ⁵⁵/

/meɪ̯³⁵ fɑŋ⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 枚方 (Hirakata).

(～市) Hirakata (a city in Ōsaka prefecture, Japan)


高槻

/kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ku̯eɪ̯⁵⁵/

/kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ku̯eɪ̯⁵⁵/

(～市) Takatsuki (a city in Ōsaka prefecture, Japan)


原宿

/ɥɛn³⁵ su⁵¹/

/ɥɛn³⁵ su⁵¹/

1985, 許冠傑 [Sam Hui], “日本娃娃”performed by 許冠傑 [Sam Hui]:

I'll live in Harajuku and open up a sushi bar

sat⁶ hang⁴ zyu⁶ jyun⁴ suk¹ hoi¹ gaan¹ Sushi Bar

實行住原宿開間Sushi Bar

实行住原宿开间Sushi Bar

Harajuku (a neighborhood of Shibuya, Tokyo)


高石

/kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 高石 (Takaishi).

(～市) Takaishi (a city in Ōsaka prefecture, Japan)


妙高

/mi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹ kɑʊ̯⁵⁵/

/mi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹ kɑʊ̯⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 妙高 (Myōkō).

(～市) Myōkō (a city in Niigata Prefecture, Japan)


櫻井

/iŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/iŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 桜井 (Sakurai).

(～市) Sakurai (a city in Nara Prefecture, Japan)


石岡

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ kɑŋ⁵⁵/

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ kɑŋ⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 石岡 (Ishioka).
; "Shigang district, Taichung, Taiwan"

(～市) Ishioka (a city in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan)


朝霞

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 朝(あさ)霞(か) (Asaka).

/ʈ͡ʂɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ɕi̯ä³⁵/

/t͡siːu̯⁵⁵ haː²¹/

/tiau⁴⁴⁻²² hɛ¹³/

/ʈ͡ʂɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ɕi̯ä³⁵/

/t͡siːu̯⁵⁵ haː²¹/

/tiau⁴⁴⁻²² hɛ¹³/

(～市) Asaka (a city in Saitama Prefecture, Japan)


長洲

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰœːŋ²¹ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰœːŋ²¹ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

(～町) Nagasu (a town in Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan)


安城

/ˀän⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/ˀän⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

(～市) Anjō (a city in Aichi Prefecture, Japan)


湖西

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 湖西 (Kosai).

/wuː²¹ sɐi̯⁵⁵/

/ɔ²⁴⁻²² sai⁴⁴/

/ɔ²⁴⁻²² sai³³/

/ɔ¹³⁻²² sai⁴⁴/

/ɔ²⁴⁻¹¹ sai⁴⁴/

/ɔ²³⁻³³ sai⁴⁴/

/wuː²¹ sɐi̯⁵⁵/

/ɔ²⁴⁻²² sai⁴⁴/

/ɔ²⁴⁻²² sai³³/

/ɔ¹³⁻²² sai⁴⁴/

/ɔ²⁴⁻¹¹ sai⁴⁴/

/ɔ²³⁻³³ sai⁴⁴/

(～市) Kosai (a city in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan)


瑞穗

/ʐu̯eɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ su̯eɪ̯⁵¹/

/sɵy̯²² sɵy̯²²/

/ʐu̯eɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ su̯eɪ̯⁵¹/

/sɵy̯²² sɵy̯²²/

(～市) Mizuho (a city in Gifu Prefecture, Japan)


文京

/wən³⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵/

/wən³⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵/

(～區) Bunkyō (one of 23 special wards in Tokyo prefecture, Japan)


根室

/kən⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/kən⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kən⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/kən⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 根室 (Nemuro).

(～市) Nemuro (a city in Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan)


酒田

/t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/t͡sɐu̯³⁵ tʰiːn²¹/

/t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/t͡sɐu̯³⁵ tʰiːn²¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 酒田 (Sakata).

(～市) Sakata (a city in Yamagata Prefecture, Japan)


佐倉

/t͡su̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡sʰɑŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡su̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡sʰɑŋ⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 佐(さ)倉(くら) (Sakura).

(～市) Sakura (a city in Chiba Prefecture, Japan)


花卷

/xu̯ä⁵⁵ t͡ɕy̯ɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/xu̯ä⁵⁵ t͡ɕy̯ɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

For pronunciation and definitions of 花卷 – see 花捲 (“Mandarin roll; flower roll”).
(This term is the simplified and variant traditional form of 花捲).
 Notes:
Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.
Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.


鎌谷

/li̯ɛn³⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/li̯ɛn³⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 鎌ヶ谷 (Kamagaya).

obor

(～市) Kamagaya (a city in Chiba Prefecture, Japan)


出水

/ʈ͡ʂʰu⁵⁵ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʈ͡ʂʰu⁵⁵ ʂu̯əɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʰɵt̚⁵ sɵy̯³⁵/

/t͡ʃʰut⁵⁻² ʃui²⁴/

/t͡sʰɔʔ²¹⁻⁴⁵ t͡sui⁴⁵³/

/t͡sʰuoʔ²⁻⁴ t͡sui³³²/

/t͡sʰut̚³²⁻⁴ t͡sui⁵³/

/t͡sʰut̚⁵⁻²⁴ t͡sui⁵⁵⁴/

/t͡sʰut̚³²⁻⁵ t͡sui⁵³/

/t͡sʰut̚³²⁻⁴ t͡sui⁵³/

/t͡sʰut̚³²⁻⁴ t͡sui⁴¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʰu⁵⁵ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʈ͡ʂʰu⁵⁵ ʂu̯əɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʰɵt̚⁵ sɵy̯³⁵/

/t͡ʃʰut⁵⁻² ʃui²⁴/

/t͡sʰɔʔ²¹⁻⁴⁵ t͡sui⁴⁵³/

/t͡sʰuoʔ²⁻⁴ t͡sui³³²/

/t͡sʰut̚³²⁻⁴ t͡sui⁵³/

/t͡sʰut̚⁵⁻²⁴ t͡sui⁵⁵⁴/

/t͡sʰut̚³²⁻⁵ t͡sui⁵³/

/t͡sʰut̚³²⁻⁴ t͡sui⁵³/

/t͡sʰut̚³²⁻⁴ t͡sui⁴¹/

(～市) Izumi (a city in Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan)


府中

/fu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵/

/hu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tiɔŋ⁴⁴/

/hu⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tiɔŋ³³/

/hu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tiɔŋ⁴⁴/

/hu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tiɔŋ⁴⁴/

/hu⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tiɔŋ⁴⁴/

/fu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵/

/hu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tiɔŋ⁴⁴/

/hu⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tiɔŋ³³/

/hu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tiɔŋ⁴⁴/

/hu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tiɔŋ⁴⁴/

/hu⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tiɔŋ⁴⁴/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 府中 (Fuchū).


三鷹

/sän⁵⁵ iŋ⁵⁵/

/sän⁵⁵ iŋ⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 三(み)鷹(たか) (Mitaka, literally “Three Hawks”).

ja-r

(～市) Mitaka (a city in Tokyo prefecture, Japan)


練馬

/li̯ɛn⁵¹ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/li̯ɛn⁵¹ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 練(ねり)馬(ま) (nerima).

(～區) Nerima (one of the 23 special wards in Tokyo prefecture, Japan)


都城

/tu⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/tou̯⁵⁵ sɪŋ²¹/

/tou³³⁻²³ sĩã⁵⁵/

/tu⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/tou̯⁵⁵ sɪŋ²¹/

/tou³³⁻²³ sĩã⁵⁵/

(～市) Miyakonojō (a city in Miyazaki Prefecture, Japan)


台東

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 台東.

(～區) Taitō (a special ward of Tokyo prefecture, Japan)


豐田

/fɤŋ⁵⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/fʊŋ⁵⁵ tʰiːn²¹/

/hɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tiɛn²³/

/hɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tiɛn²⁴/

/hɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tiɛn¹³/

/hɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tiɛn²⁴/

/hɔŋ³³ tiɛn²⁴/

/fɤŋ⁵⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/fʊŋ⁵⁵ tʰiːn²¹/

/hɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tiɛn²³/

/hɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tiɛn²⁴/

/hɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tiɛn¹³/

/hɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tiɛn²⁴/

/hɔŋ³³ tiɛn²⁴/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 豊田(とよた) (Toyota).

(～市) Toyota (a city in Aichi Prefecture, Japan)


周南

/ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵ nän³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵ nän³⁵/

(～市) Shūnan (a city in Yamaguchi Prefecture, Japan)


八尾

/pä⁵⁵ weɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pä⁵⁵ weɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 八尾 (Yao).

obor

(～市) Yao (a city in Ōsaka prefecture, Japan)


阿南

/ˀä⁵⁵ nän³⁵/

/ˀä⁵⁵ nän³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 阿南 (Anan).

(～市) Anan (a city in Tokushima Prefecture, Japan)


天龍

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ lʊŋ³⁵/

/tʰiːn⁵⁵ lʊŋ²¹/

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ lʊŋ³⁵/

/tʰiːn⁵⁵ lʊŋ²¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 天(てん)竜(りゅう) (Tenryū).

(Classifier: 區／区) Tenryū (a district of Hamamatsu, Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan)


鳥栖

/ni̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵/

/ni̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 鳥栖 (Tosu).

(～市) Tosu (a city in Saga Prefecture, Japan)


上尾

/ʂɑŋ⁵¹ weɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/siɔŋ⁴¹⁻²² bə⁵⁵⁴/

/siɔŋ²²⁻²¹ be⁵³/

/siɔŋ³³⁻¹¹ be⁵³/

/siaŋ²²⁻²¹ bue⁵³/

/siɔŋ³³⁻²¹ bue⁴¹/

/ʂɑŋ⁵¹ weɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/siɔŋ⁴¹⁻²² bə⁵⁵⁴/

/siɔŋ²²⁻²¹ be⁵³/

/siɔŋ³³⁻¹¹ be⁵³/

/siaŋ²²⁻²¹ bue⁵³/

/siɔŋ³³⁻²¹ bue⁴¹/

(～市) Ageo (a city in Saitama Prefecture, Japan)


富良野

ㄈㄨˋ ㄌㄧㄤˊ ㄧㄝˇ

ㄈㄨˋ ㄌㄧㄤˊ ㄧㄝˇ

/fu⁵¹ li̯ɑŋ³⁵ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/fuː³³ lœːŋ²¹ jɛː¹³/

/fu⁵¹ li̯ɑŋ³⁵ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/fuː³³ lœːŋ²¹ jɛː¹³/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 富良野 (Furano).

(～市) Furano (a city in Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan)


新地

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 新(しん)地(ち) (Shinchi).

(～町) Shinchi (a town in Fukushima Prefecture, Japan)


宮古

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ kuː³⁵/

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ kuː³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 宮古 (Miyako).

(～市) Miyako (a city in Iwate Prefecture, Japan)


鹿沼

/lu⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lʊk̚² t͡siːu̯³⁵/

/lu⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lʊk̚² t͡siːu̯³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 鹿沼 (Kanuma).

(～市) Kanuma (a city in Tochigi Prefecture, Japan)


歌舞伎町

ㄍㄜ ㄨˇ ㄐㄧˋ ㄉㄧㄥ

ㄍㄜ ㄨˇ ㄐㄧˋ ㄉㄧㄥ

/kɤ⁵⁵ u²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi⁵¹ tiŋ⁵⁵/

/kɔː⁵⁵ mou̯¹³ kei̯²² tɪŋ⁵⁵/

/kɤ⁵⁵ u²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi⁵¹ tiŋ⁵⁵/

/kɔː⁵⁵ mou̯¹³ kei̯²² tɪŋ⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 歌(か)舞(ぶ)伎(き)町(ちょう) (Kabukichō).

Kabukicho (a district of Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan)


南國

/nän³⁵ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

/naːm²¹ kʷɔːk̚³/

/nˡaŋ⁵³⁻²¹ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋuɔʔ²⁴/

/nø²² koʔ⁴⁴/

/nän³⁵ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

/naːm²¹ kʷɔːk̚³/

/nˡaŋ⁵³⁻²¹ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋuɔʔ²⁴/

/nø²² koʔ⁴⁴/

(～市) Nankoku (a city in Kōchi Prefecture, Japan)


水俁

/ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sɵy̯³⁵ jyː¹³/

/ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sɵy̯³⁵ jyː¹³/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 水俣(みなまた) (Minamata).

(～市) Minamata (a city in Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan)


白山

/paɪ̯³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/paɪ̯³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

(～市) Hakusan (a city in Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan)


甘木

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 甘木 (Amagi).

(～市) Amagi (a city in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan)


我孫子

/wɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ su̯ən⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/wɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ su̯ən⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(～市) Abiko (a city in Chiba Prefecture, Japan)


津市

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/t͡sɵn⁵⁵ siː¹³/

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/t͡sɵn⁵⁵ siː¹³/


下關

/ɕi̯ä⁵¹ ku̯än⁵⁵/

/haː²² kʷaːn⁵⁵/

/ɕi̯ä⁵¹ ku̯än⁵⁵/

/haː²² kʷaːn⁵⁵/

(～市) Shimonoseki (a city in Yamaguchi Prefecture, Japan)


鹿嶋

/lu⁵¹ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lu⁵¹ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(～市) Kashima (a city in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan)


小樽

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡su̯ən⁵⁵/

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡su̯ən⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 小樽 (Otaru).

(～市) Otaru (a city in Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan)


旭川

/ɕy⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

/ɕy⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 旭川 (Asahikawa).

(～市) Asahikawa (a city in Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan)


室蘭

/ʂʐ̩⁵¹ län³⁵/

/ʂʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ län³⁵/

/ʂʐ̩⁵¹ län³⁵/

/ʂʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ län³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 室蘭 (Muroran).

(～市) Muroran (a city in Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan)


帶廣

/taɪ̯⁵¹ ku̯ɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/taɪ̯⁵¹ ku̯ɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 帯広 (Obihiro).

(～市) Obihiro (a city in Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan)


北見

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 北見 (Kitami).

(～市) Kitami (a city in Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan)


夕張

/ɕi⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂɑŋ⁵⁵/

/ɕi⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂɑŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sɪk̚² t͡sœːŋ⁵⁵/

/ɕi⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂɑŋ⁵⁵/

/ɕi⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂɑŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sɪk̚² t͡sœːŋ⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 夕張 (Yūbari).

(～市) Yūbari (a city in Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan)


岩見澤

ㄧㄢˊ ㄐㄧㄢˋ ㄗㄜˊ

ㄧㄢˊ ㄐㄧㄢˋ ㄗㄜˊ

/jɛn³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹ t͡sɤ³⁵/

/jɛn³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹ t͡sɤ³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 岩見沢 (Iwamizawa).

(～市) Iwamizawa (a city in Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan)


網走

/wɑŋ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡soʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/wɑŋ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡soʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 網走 (Abashiri).

(～市) Abashiri (a city in Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan)


留萌

/li̯oʊ̯³⁵ mɤŋ³⁵/

/li̯oʊ̯³⁵ mɤŋ³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 留萌 (Rumoi).

(～市) Rumoi (a city in Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan)


苫小牧

/ʂän⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ mu⁵¹/

/ʂän⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ mu⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 苫小牧 (Tomakomai).

(～市) Tomakomai (a city in Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan)


稚內

/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ neɪ̯⁵¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ neɪ̯⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 稚内 (Wakkanai).

(～市) Wakkanai (a city in Sōya subprefecture, on the north coast of Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan)


美唄

/meɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ peɪ̯⁵¹/

/meɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ peɪ̯⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 美唄 (Bibai).

(～市) Bibai (a city in Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan)


蘆別

/lu³⁵ pi̯ɛ³⁵/

/lu³⁵ pi̯ɛ³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 蘆別 (Ashibetsu).

(～市) Ashibetsu (a city in Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan)


江別

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ pi̯ɛ³⁵/

/kɔːŋ⁵⁵ piːt̚²/

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ pi̯ɛ³⁵/

/kɔːŋ⁵⁵ piːt̚²/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 江(え)別(べつ) (Ebetsu).

(～市) Ebetsu (a city in Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan)


赤平

/ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵¹ pʰiŋ³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵¹ pʰiŋ³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 赤平 (Akabira).

(～市) Akabira (a city in Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan)


紋別

/wən³⁵ pi̯ɛ³⁵/

/wən³⁵ pi̯ɛ³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 紋別 (Monbetsu).

(～市) Monbetsu (a city in Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan)


士別

/ʂʐ̩⁵¹ pi̯ɛ³⁵/

/ʂʐ̩⁵¹ pi̯ɛ³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 士別 (Shibetsu).

(～市) Shibetsu (a city in Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan)


名寄

/miŋ³⁵ t͡ɕi⁵¹/

/miŋ³⁵ t͡ɕi⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 名寄 (Nayoro).

(～市) Nayoro (a city in Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan)


三笠

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 三笠 (Mikasa).

(～市) Mikasa (a city in Hokkaidō prefecture, Japan)

(～山) Mount Mikasa, nowadays Mount Wakakusa. a Mount in Nara, Nara Prefecture, Japan


千歲

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 千(ち)歳(とせ) (Chitose).

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ su̯eɪ̯⁵¹/

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ su̯eɪ̯⁵¹/

(～市) Chitose (a city in Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan)


瀧川

/lʊŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

/lʊŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 滝川 (Takikawa).

(～市) Takikawa (a city in Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan)


歌志內

/kɤ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ neɪ̯⁵¹/

/kɤ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ neɪ̯⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 歌志内 (Utashinai).

(～市) Utashinai (a city in Hokkaidō prefecture, Japan)


深川

/ʂən⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

/ʂən⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 深川 (Fukagawa).

(～市) Fukagawa (a city in Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan)


登別

/tɤŋ⁵⁵ pi̯ɛ³⁵/

/tɤŋ⁵⁵ pi̯ɛ³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 登別 (Noboribetsu).

(～市) Noboribetsu (a city in Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan)


惠庭

/xu̯eɪ̯⁵¹ tʰiŋ³⁵/

/xu̯eɪ̯⁵¹ tʰiŋ³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 恵(え)庭(にわ) (Eniwa).

(～市) Eniwa (a city in Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan)


北廣島

ㄅㄟˇ ㄍㄨㄤˇ ㄉㄠˇ

ㄅㄟˇ ㄍㄨㄤˇ ㄉㄠˇ

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ku̯ɑŋ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ku̯ɑŋ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 北(きた)広(ひろ)島(しま) (Kitahiroshima).

(～市) Kitahiroshima (a city in Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan)

(～町) Kitahiroshima (a town in Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan)


八戶

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 八戸 (Hachinohe).

(～市) Hachinohe (a city in Aomori Prefecture, Japan)


黑石

/xeɪ̯⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/xeɪ̯⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 黒石 (Kuroishi).

(～市) Kuroishi (a city in Aomori Prefecture, Japan)


五所川原

ㄨˇ ㄙㄨㄛˇ ㄔㄨㄢ ㄩㄢˊ

ㄨˇ ㄙㄨㄛˇ ㄔㄨㄢ ㄩㄢˊ

Усочуаньюань

/u²¹⁴⁻³⁵ su̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

/u²¹⁴⁻³⁵ su̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 五所川原 (Goshogawara).

(～市) Goshogawara (a city in Aomori Prefecture, Japan)


十和田

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ xɤ³⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ xɤ³⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 十和田 (Towada).

(～市) Towada (a city in Aomori Prefecture, Japan)


陸奧

/lu⁵¹⁻⁵³ ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/lu⁵¹⁻⁵³ ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 陸奥 (Mutsu).

(～市) Mutsu (a city in Aomori Prefecture, Japan)


津輕

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 津軽 (Tsugaru).

(～市) Tsugaru (a city in Aomori Prefecture, Japan)


釜石

/fu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/fu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 釜石 (Kamaishi).

(～市) Kamaishi (a city in Iwate Prefecture, Japan)


一關

/i⁵⁵⁻⁵¹ ku̯än⁵⁵/

/i⁵⁵⁻⁵¹ ku̯än⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 一関 (Ichinoseki).

(～市) Ichinoseki (a city in Iwate Prefecture, Japan)


大船渡

ㄉㄚˋ ㄔㄨㄢˊ ㄉㄨˋ

ㄉㄚˋ ㄔㄨㄢˊ ㄉㄨˋ

/tä⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än³⁵ tu⁵¹/

/tä⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än³⁵ tu⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 大船渡 (Ōfunato).

(～市) Ōfunato (a city in Iwate Prefecture, Japan)


久慈

/t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡sʰz̩³⁵/

/t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡sʰz̩³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 久慈 (Kuji).

(～市) Kuji (a city in Iwate Prefecture, Japan)


遠野

/ɥɛn²¹⁴⁻³⁵ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ɥɛn²¹⁴⁻³⁵ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 遠野 (Tōno).

(～市) Tōno (a city in Iwate Prefecture, Japan)


陸前高田

ㄌㄨˋ ㄑㄧㄢˊ ㄍㄠ ㄊㄧㄢˊ

ㄌㄨˋ ㄑㄧㄢˊ ㄍㄠ ㄊㄧㄢˊ

Луцяньгаотянь

/lu⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn³⁵ kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/lu⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn³⁵ kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 陸前高田 (Rikuzentakata).

(～市) Rikuzentakata (a city in Iwate Prefecture, Japan)


二戶

/ˀɤɻ⁵¹⁻⁵³ xu⁵¹/

/ˀɤɻ⁵¹⁻⁵³ xu⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 二戸 (Ninohe).

(～市) Ninohe (a city in Iwate Prefecture, Japan)


八幡平

/pä⁵⁵ fän⁵⁵ pʰiŋ³⁵/

/pä⁵⁵ fän⁵⁵ pʰiŋ³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 八幡平 (Hachimantai).

(～市) Hachimantai (a city in Iwate Prefecture, Japan)


奧州

/ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 奥州 (Ōshū).

(～市) Ōshū (a city in Iwate Prefecture, Japan)


石卷

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ t͡ɕy̯ɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ t͡ɕy̯ɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 石巻 (Ishinomaki).

(～市) Ishinomaki (a city in Miyagi Prefecture, Japan)


鹽竈

/jɛn³⁵ t͡sɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/jɛn³⁵ t͡sɑʊ̯⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 塩竈 (Shiogama).

(～市) Shiogama (a city in Miyagi Prefecture, Japan)


氣仙沼

/t͡ɕʰi⁵¹ ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡ɕʰi⁵¹ ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 気仙沼 (Kesennuma).

(～市) Kesennuma (a city in Miyagi Prefecture, Japan)


名取

/miŋ³⁵ t͡ɕʰy²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/miŋ³⁵ t͡ɕʰy²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 名取 (Natori).

(～市) Natori (a city in Miyagi Prefecture, Japan)


多賀城

/tu̯ɔ⁵⁵ xɤ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/tu̯ɔ⁵⁵ xɤ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 多賀城 (Tagajō).

(～市) Tagajō (a city in Miyagi Prefecture, Japan)


岩沼

/jɛn³⁵ ʈ͡ʂɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/jɛn³⁵ ʈ͡ʂɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 岩沼 (Iwanuma).

(～市) Iwanuma (a city in Miyagi Prefecture, Japan)


登米

/tɤŋ⁵⁵ mi²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tɤŋ⁵⁵ mi²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 登米 (Tome).

(～市) Tome (a city in Miyagi Prefecture, Japan)


東松島

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ sʊŋ⁵⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ sʊŋ⁵⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 東松島 (Higashimatsushima).

(～市) Higashimatsushima (a city in Miyagi Prefecture, Japan)


能代

/nɤŋ³⁵ taɪ̯⁵¹/

/nɤŋ³⁵ taɪ̯⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 能代 (Noshiro).

(～市) Noshiro (a city in Akita Prefecture, Japan)


橫手

/xɤŋ³⁵ ʂoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/xɤŋ³⁵ ʂoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 横手 (Yokote).

(～市) Yokote (a city in Akita Prefecture, Japan)


大館

/tä⁵¹ ku̯än²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tä⁵¹ ku̯än²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 大館 (Ōdate).

(～市) Ōdate (a city in Akita Prefecture, Japan)


男鹿

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 男鹿 (Oga).

(～市) Oga (a city in Akita Prefecture, Japan)


湯澤

/tʰɑŋ⁵⁵ t͡sɤ³⁵/

/tʰɑŋ⁵⁵ t͡sɤ³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 湯沢 (Yuzawa).

(～市) Yuzawa (a city in Akita Prefecture, Japan)


由利本莊

ㄧㄡˊ ㄌㄧˋ ㄅㄣˇ ㄓㄨㄤ

ㄧㄡˊ ㄌㄧˋ ㄅㄣˇ ㄓㄨㄤ

Юлибэньчжуан

/joʊ̯³⁵ li⁵¹ pən²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/joʊ̯³⁵ li⁵¹ pən²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 由利本荘 (Yurihonjō).

(～市) Yurihonjō (a city in Akita Prefecture, Japan)


潟上

/ɕi⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂɑŋ⁵¹/

/ɕi⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂɑŋ⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 潟上 (Katagami).

(～市) Katagami (a city in Akita Prefecture, Japan)


大仙

/tä⁵¹ ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/tai³³⁻²¹ siɛn⁴⁴/

/tai³³⁻¹¹ siɛn⁴⁴/

/tua³³⁻²¹ siɛn⁴⁴/

/tua³³⁻¹¹ siɛn⁴⁴/

/tä⁵¹ ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/tai³³⁻²¹ siɛn⁴⁴/

/tai³³⁻¹¹ siɛn⁴⁴/

/tua³³⁻²¹ siɛn⁴⁴/

/tua³³⁻¹¹ siɛn⁴⁴/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 大仙(だいせん) (daisen).

(～市) Daisen (a city in Akita Prefecture, Japan)


北秋田

ㄅㄟˇ ㄑㄧㄡ ㄊㄧㄢˊ

ㄅㄟˇ ㄑㄧㄡ ㄊㄧㄢˊ

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 北秋田 (Kitaakita).

(～市) Kitaakita (a city in Akita Prefecture, Japan)


仁賀保

/ʐən³⁵ xɤ⁵¹ pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʐən³⁵ xɤ⁵¹ pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 仁賀保 (Nikaho).

(～市) Nikaho (a city in Akita Prefecture, Japan)


仙北

/ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵ peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵ peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 仙(せん)北(ぼく) (Senboku).

(～市) Senboku (a city in Akita Prefecture, Japan)


寒河江

/xän³⁵ xɤ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/xän³⁵ xɤ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 寒河江 (Sagae).

(～市) Sagae (a city in Yamagata Prefecture, Japan)


東根

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ kən⁵⁵/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ kən⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 東根 (Higashine).

(～市) Higashine (a city in Yamagata Prefecture, Japan)


尾花澤

/weɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ xu̯ä⁵⁵ t͡sɤ³⁵/

/weɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ xu̯ä⁵⁵ t͡sɤ³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 尾花沢 (Obanazawa).

(～市) Obanazawa (a city in Yamagata Prefecture, Japan)


須賀川

/ɕy⁵⁵ xɤ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

/ɕy⁵⁵ xɤ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 須賀川 (Sukagawa).

(～市) Sukagawa (a city in Fukushima Prefecture, Japan)


喜多方

/ɕi²¹⁴⁻²¹ tu̯ɔ⁵⁵ fɑŋ⁵⁵/

/ɕi²¹⁴⁻²¹ tu̯ɔ⁵⁵ fɑŋ⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 喜多方 (Kitakata).

(～市) Kitakata (a city in Fukushima Prefecture, Japan)


會津若松

ㄏㄨㄟˋ ㄐㄧㄣ ㄖㄨㄛˋ ㄙㄨㄥ

ㄏㄨㄟˋ ㄐㄧㄣ ㄖㄨㄛˋ ㄙㄨㄥ

Хуэйцзиньжосун

/xu̯eɪ̯⁵¹ t͡ɕin⁵⁵ ʐu̯ɔ⁵¹ sʊŋ⁵⁵/

/wuːi̯²² t͡sɵn⁵⁵ jœːk̚² t͡sʰʊŋ²¹/

/xu̯eɪ̯⁵¹ t͡ɕin⁵⁵ ʐu̯ɔ⁵¹ sʊŋ⁵⁵/

/wuːi̯²² t͡sɵn⁵⁵ jœːk̚² t͡sʰʊŋ²¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 会津若松 (Aizuwakamatsu).

(～市) Aizuwakamatsu (a city in Fukushima Prefecture, Japan)


二本松

/ˀɤɻ⁵¹ pən²¹⁴⁻²¹ sʊŋ⁵⁵/

/ˀɤɻ⁵¹ pən²¹⁴⁻²¹ sʊŋ⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 二本松 (Nihonmatsu).

(～市) Nihonmatsu (a city in Fukushima Prefecture, Japan)


南相馬

ㄋㄢˊ ㄒㄧㄤˋ ㄇㄚˇ

ㄋㄢˊ ㄒㄧㄤˋ ㄇㄚˇ

/nän³⁵ ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵¹ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/nän³⁵ ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵¹ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 南相馬 (Minamisōma).

(～市) Minamisōma (a city in Fukushima Prefecture, Japan)


土浦

/tʰu²¹⁴⁻³⁵ pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʰu²¹⁴⁻³⁵ pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 土浦 (Tsuchiura).

(～市) Tsuchiura (a city in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan)


龍崎

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 龍ケ崎 (Ryūgasaki).

/lʊŋ³⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/liɔŋ²⁴⁻²² kia²²/

/liɔŋ²⁴⁻²² kia⁴¹/

/liɔŋ¹³⁻²² kia²²/

/liɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ kia³³/

/liɔŋ²³⁻³³ kia³³/

/lʊŋ³⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/liɔŋ²⁴⁻²² kia²²/

/liɔŋ²⁴⁻²² kia⁴¹/

/liɔŋ¹³⁻²² kia²²/

/liɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ kia³³/

/liɔŋ²³⁻³³ kia³³/

(～市) Ryūgasaki (a city in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan)


下妻

/ɕi̯ä⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵/

/ɕi̯ä⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 下妻 (Shimotsuma).

(～市) Shimotsuma (a city in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan)


常陸太田

ㄔㄤˊ ㄌㄨˋ ㄊㄞˋ ㄊㄧㄢˊ

ㄔㄤˊ ㄌㄨˋ ㄊㄞˋ ㄊㄧㄢˊ

Чанлутайтянь

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ lu⁵¹⁻⁵³ tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ lu⁵¹⁻⁵³ tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 常陸太田 (Hitachiōta).

(～市) Hitachiōta (a city in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan)


高萩

/kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵/

/kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 高萩 (Takahagi).

(～市) Takahagi (a city in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan)


北茨城

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡sʰz̩³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡sʰz̩³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 北茨城 (Kitaibaraki).

(～市) Kitaibaraki (a city in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan)


笠間

/li⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/li⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 笠間 (Kasama).

(～市) Kasama (a city in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan)


取手

/t͡ɕʰy²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ʂoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡ɕʰy²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ʂoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 取手 (Toride).

(～市) Toride (a city in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan)


常陸那珂

ㄔㄤˊ ㄌㄨˋ ㄋㄚˋ ㄎㄜ

ㄔㄤˊ ㄌㄨˋ ㄋㄚˋ ㄎㄜ

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ lu⁵¹⁻⁵³ nä⁵¹ kʰɤ⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ lu⁵¹⁻⁵³ nä⁵¹ kʰɤ⁵⁵/

Borrowed from Japanese ひたちなか (Hitachinaka).

(～市) Hitachinaka (a city in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan)


潮來

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯³⁵ laɪ̯³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯³⁵ laɪ̯³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 潮来 (Itako).

(～市) Itako (a city in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan)


守谷

/ʂoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʂoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 守谷 (Moriya).

(～市) Moriya (a city in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan)


常陸大宮

ㄔㄤˊ ㄌㄨˋ ㄉㄚˋ ㄍㄨㄥ

ㄔㄤˊ ㄌㄨˋ ㄉㄚˋ ㄍㄨㄥ

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ lu⁵¹⁻⁵³ tä⁵¹ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ lu⁵¹⁻⁵³ tä⁵¹ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 常陸大宮 (Hitachiōmiya).

(～市) Hitachiōmiya (a city in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan)


那珂

/nä⁵¹ kʰɤ⁵⁵/

/nä⁵¹ kʰɤ⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 那珂 (Naka).

(～市) Naka (a city in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan)


筑西

/ʈ͡ʂu⁵¹ ɕi⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂu³⁵ ɕi⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂu⁵¹ ɕi⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂu³⁵ ɕi⁵⁵/

(～市) Chikusei (a city in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan)


稻敷

/tɑʊ̯⁵¹ fu⁵⁵/

/tɑʊ̯⁵¹ fu⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 稲敷 (Inashiki).

(～市) Inashiki (a city in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan)


霞浦

desc

→ English: Hsia-p'u, Hsiapu, Siapu, Xiapu

/ɕi̯ä³⁵ pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/haː²¹ pʰou̯³⁵/

/ha²⁴⁻²² pʰɔ⁵³/

/ɕi̯ä³⁵ pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/haː²¹ pʰou̯³⁵/

/ha²⁴⁻²² pʰɔ⁵³/

(～市) Kasumigaura (a city in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan)


櫻川

/iŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

/iŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 桜川 (Sakuragawa).

obor

(～市) Sakuragawa (a city in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan)


神栖

/ʂən³⁵ t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵/

/ʂən³⁵ t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵/

(～市) Kamisu (a city in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan)


鉾田

/mɑʊ̯³⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/mɑʊ̯³⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

(～市) Hokota (a city in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan)


常總

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ t͡sʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ t͡sʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 常總 (Jōsō).

(～市) Jōsō (a city in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan)


小美玉

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ meɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ y⁵¹/

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ meɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ y⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 小美玉 (Omitama).

(～市) Omitama (a city in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan)


今市

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 今市 (Imaichi).

(～市) Imaichi (a city in Tochigi Prefecture, Japan)


真岡

/ʈ͡ʂən⁵⁵ kɑŋ⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂən⁵⁵ kɑŋ⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 真岡 (Mooka).

(～市) Mooka (a city in Tochigi Prefecture, Japan)


大田原

ㄉㄚˋ ㄊㄧㄢˊ ㄩㄢˊ

ㄉㄚˋ ㄊㄧㄢˊ ㄩㄢˊ

/tä⁵¹ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

/tä⁵¹ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 大田原 (Ōtawara).

(～市) Ōtawara (a city in Tochigi Prefecture, Japan)


矢板

/ʂʐ̩²¹⁴⁻³⁵ pän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʂʐ̩²¹⁴⁻³⁵ pän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 矢板 (Yaita).

(～市) Yaita (a city in Tochigi Prefecture, Japan)


那須鹽原

ㄋㄚˋ ㄒㄩ ㄧㄢˊ ㄩㄢˊ

ㄋㄚˋ ㄒㄩ ㄧㄢˊ ㄩㄢˊ

Насюйяньюань

/nä⁵¹ ɕy⁵⁵ jɛn³⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

/nä⁵¹ ɕy⁵⁵ jɛn³⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 那須塩原 (Nasushiobara).

(～市) Nasushiobara (a city in Tochigi Prefecture, Japan)


那須烏山

/nä⁵¹ ɕy⁵⁵ u⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/nä⁵¹ ɕy⁵⁵ u⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 那須烏山 (Nasukarasuyama).

(～市) Nasukarasuyama (a city in Tochigi Prefecture, Japan)


伊勢崎

/i⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/i⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 伊勢崎 (Isesaki).

(～市) Isesaki (a city in Gunma Prefecture, Japan)


館林

/ku̯än²¹⁴⁻²¹ lin³⁵/

/ku̯än²¹⁴⁻²¹ lin³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 館林 (Tatebayashi).

(～市) Tatebayashi (a city in Gunma Prefecture, Japan)


澀川

/sɤ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

/sɤ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 渋川 (Shibukawa).

(～市) Shibukawa (a city in Gunma Prefecture, Japan)


安中

/ˀän⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵/

/ˀän⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 安中 (Annaka).

(～市) Annaka (a city in Gunma Prefecture, Japan)


行田

/ɕiŋ³⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/ɕiŋ³⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 行田 (Gyōda).

(～市) Gyōda (a city in Saitama Prefecture, Japan)


所澤

/su̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡sɤ³⁵/

/su̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡sɤ³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 所沢 (Tokorozawa).

(～市) Tokorozawa (a city in Saitama Prefecture, Japan)


牛久

/ni̯oʊ̯³⁵ t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ni̯oʊ̯³⁵ t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 牛久 (Ushiku).

(～市) Ushiku (a city in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan)


加須

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ ɕy⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ ɕy⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 加須 (Kazo).

(～市) Kazo (a city in Saitama Prefecture, Japan)


東松山

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ sʊŋ⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ sʊŋ⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 東松山 (Higashimatsuyama).

(～市) Higashimatsuyama (a city in Saitama Prefecture, Japan)


春日部

/ʈ͡ʂʰu̯ən⁵⁵ ʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ pu⁵¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʰu̯ən⁵⁵ ʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ pu⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 春日部 (Kasukabe).

(～市) Kasukabe (a city in Saitama Prefecture, Japan)


狹山

/ɕi̯ä³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/ɕi̯ä³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 狭山 (Sayama).

(～市) Sayama (a city in Saitama Prefecture, Japan)


鴻巢

/xʊŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯³⁵/

/xʊŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 鴻巣 (Kōnosu).

(～市) Kōnosu (a city in Saitama Prefecture, Japan)


草加

/t͡sʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 草加 (Sōka).

(～市) Sōka (a city in Saitama Prefecture, Japan)


越谷

/ɥɛ⁵¹ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ɥɛ⁵¹ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 越谷 (Koshigaya).

(～市) Koshigaya (a city in Saitama Prefecture, Japan)


戶田

/xu⁵¹ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/xu⁵¹ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 戸田(とだ) (Toda).

(～市) Toda (a city in Saitama Prefecture, Japan)


入間

/ʐu⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/ʐu⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 入間 (Iruma).

(～市) Iruma (a city in Saitama Prefecture, Japan)


志木

/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ mu⁵¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ mu⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 志木 (Shiki).

(～市) Shiki (a city in Saitama Prefecture, Japan)


和光

/xɤ³⁵ ku̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/xɤ³⁵ ku̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 和光 (Wakō).

(～市) Wakō (a city in Saitama Prefecture, Japan)


新座

/ɕin⁵⁵ t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹/

/ɕin⁵⁵ t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 新座 (Niiza).

(～市) Niiza (a city in Saitama Prefecture, Japan)


桶川

/tʰʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

/tʰʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 桶川 (Okegawa).

(～市) Okegawa (a city in Saitama Prefecture, Japan)


久喜

/t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ɕi²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ɕi²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 久喜 (Kuki).

(～市) Kuki (a city in Saitama Prefecture, Japan)


北本

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ pən²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ pən²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(～市) Kitamoto (a city in Saitama Prefecture, Japan)


八潮

/pä⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯³⁵/

/pä⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 八潮 (Yashio).

(～市) Yashio (a city in Saitama Prefecture, Japan)


富士見

/fu⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/fu⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 富士見 (Fujimi).

(～市) Fujimi (a city in Saitama Prefecture, Japan)


三鄉

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 三郷 (Misato).

/sän⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/saːm⁵⁵ hœːŋ⁵⁵/

/sän⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/saːm⁵⁵ hœːŋ⁵⁵/

(～市) Misato (a city in Saitama Prefecture, Japan)


蓮田

/li̯ɛn³⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/li̯ɛn³⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 蓮田 (Hasuda).

(～市) Hasuda (a city in Saitama Prefecture, Japan)


坂戶

/pän²¹⁴⁻²¹ xu⁵¹/

/pän²¹⁴⁻²¹ xu⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 坂戸 (Sakado).

(～市) Sakado (a city in Saitama Prefecture, Japan)


幸手

/ɕiŋ⁵¹ ʂoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ɕiŋ⁵¹ ʂoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 幸手 (Satte).

(～市) Satte (a city in Saitama Prefecture, Japan)


鶴島

/xɤ⁵¹ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/xɤ⁵¹ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 鶴ヶ島 (Tsurugashima).

(～市) Tsurugashima (a city in Saitama Prefecture, Japan)


富士見野

ㄈㄨˋ ㄕˋ ㄐㄧㄢˋ ㄧㄝˇ

ㄈㄨˋ ㄕˋ ㄐㄧㄢˋ ㄧㄝˇ

/fu⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(～市) Fujimino (a city in Saitama Prefecture, Japan)


館山

/ku̯än²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

/ku̯än²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 館山 (Tateyama).

(～市) Tateyama (a city in Chiba Prefecture, Japan)


木更津

/mu⁵¹ kɤŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/

/mu⁵¹ kɤŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 木更津 (Kisarazu).

(～市) Kisarazu (a city in Chiba Prefecture, Japan)


松戶

/sʊŋ⁵⁵ xu⁵¹/

/sʊŋ⁵⁵ xu⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 松戸 (Matsudo).

(～市) Matsudo (a city in Chiba Prefecture, Japan)


茂原

/mɑʊ̯⁵¹ ɥɛn³⁵/

/mɑʊ̯⁵¹ ɥɛn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 茂原 (Mobara).

(～市) Mobara (a city in Chiba Prefecture, Japan)


東金

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 東金 (Tōgane).

(～市) Tōgane (a city in Chiba Prefecture, Japan)


習志野

/ɕi³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ɕi³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 習志野 (Narashino).

(～市) Narashino (a city in Chiba Prefecture, Japan)


勝浦

/ʂɤŋ⁵¹ pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʂɤŋ⁵¹ pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 勝浦 (Katsuura).

(～市) Katsuura (a city in Chiba Prefecture, Japan)


流山

/li̯oʊ̯³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/li̯oʊ̯³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 流山 (Nagareyama).

(～市) Nagareyama (a city in Chiba Prefecture, Japan)


八千代

/pä⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ taɪ̯⁵¹/

/paːt̚³ t͡sʰiːn⁵⁵ tɔːi̯²²/

/pä⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ taɪ̯⁵¹/

/paːt̚³ t͡sʰiːn⁵⁵ tɔːi̯²²/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 八千代 (Yachiyo).

(～市) Yachiyo (a city in Chiba Prefecture, Japan)


君津

/t͡ɕyn⁵⁵ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕyn⁵⁵ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 君津 (Kimitsu).

(～市) Kimitsu (a city in Chiba Prefecture, Japan)


富津

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 富津 (Futtsu).

(～市) Futtsu (a city in Chiba Prefecture, Japan)


浦安

/pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ˀän⁵⁵/

/pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ˀän⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 浦安 (Urayasu).

(～市) Urayasu (a city in Chiba Prefecture, Japan)


四街道

/sz̩⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɛ⁵⁵ tɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/sz̩⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɛ⁵⁵ tɑʊ̯⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 四街道 (Yotsukaidō).

(～市) Yotsukaidō (a city in Chiba Prefecture, Japan)


袖浦

/ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵¹ pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵¹ pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 袖ケ浦 (Sodegaura).

(～市) Sodegaura (a city in Chiba Prefecture, Japan)


八街

/pä⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛ⁵⁵/

/pä⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛ⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 八街 (Yachimata).

(～市) Yachimata (a city in Chiba Prefecture, Japan)


印西

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 印西 (Inzai).

(～市) Inzai (a city in Chiba Prefecture, Japan)


夷隅

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese いすみ (Isumi).

(～市) Isumi (a city in Chiba Prefecture, Japan)


匝瑳

/t͡sä⁵⁵ t͡sʰu̯ɔ⁵⁵/

/t͡sä⁵⁵ t͡sʰu̯ɔ⁵⁵/

(～市) Sōsa (a city in Chiba Prefecture, Japan)


香取

/ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰy²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰy²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 香取 (Katori).

(～市) Katori (a city in Chiba Prefecture, Japan)


山武

/ʂän⁵⁵ u²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʂän⁵⁵ u²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 山武 (Sanmu).

(～市) Sanmu (a city in Chiba Prefecture, Japan)


富里

/fu⁵¹ li²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/hu²¹⁻⁵³ li⁵³/

/hu⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ li⁵⁵⁴/

/hu²¹⁻⁵³ li⁵³/

/hu¹¹⁻⁵³ li⁵³/

/hu²¹⁻⁴¹ li⁴¹/

/fu⁵¹ li²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/hu²¹⁻⁵³ li⁵³/

/hu⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ li⁵⁵⁴/

/hu²¹⁻⁵³ li⁵³/

/hu¹¹⁻⁵³ li⁵³/

/hu²¹⁻⁴¹ li⁴¹/

(～市) Tomisato (a city in Chiba Prefecture, Japan)


飯能

/fän⁵¹ nɤŋ³⁵/

/fän⁵¹ nɤŋ³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 飯能 (Hannō).

(～市) Hannō (a city in Saitama Prefecture, Japan)


東村山

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡sʰu̯ən⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡sʰu̯ən⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 東(ひがし)村(むら)山(やま) (Higashimurayama, literally “East Village Mountain”).

ja-r

(～市) Higashimurayama (a city in Tokyo prefecture, Japan)

(～郡) Higashimurayama (a district of Yamagata Prefecture, Japan)


狛江

/pʰu̯ɔ⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/pʰu̯ɔ⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/


橫須賀

/xɤŋ³⁵ ɕy⁵⁵ xɤ⁵¹/

/xɤŋ³⁵ ɕy⁵⁵ xɤ⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 横須賀 (Yokosuka).

obor

(～市) Yokosuka (a city in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan)


茅崎

/mɑʊ̯³⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/mɑʊ̯³⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 茅ヶ崎 (Chigasaki).

(～市) Chigasaki (a city in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan)


逗子

/toʊ̯⁵¹ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/toʊ̯⁵¹ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 逗子 (Zushi).

(～市) Zushi (a city in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan)


秦野

/t͡ɕʰin³⁵ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡ɕʰin³⁵ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 秦野 (Hadano).

(～市) Hadano (a city in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan)


厚木

/xoʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ mu⁵¹/

/xoʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ mu⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 厚木 (Atsugi).

(～市) Atsugi (a city in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan)


伊勢原

/i⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹ ɥɛn³⁵/

/i⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹ ɥɛn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 伊勢原 (Isehara).

(～市) Isehara (a city in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan)


海老名

ㄏㄞˇ ㄌㄠˇ ㄇㄧㄥˊ

ㄏㄞˇ ㄌㄠˇ ㄇㄧㄥˊ

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ lɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ miŋ³⁵/

/hɔːi̯³⁵ lou̯¹³ mɪŋ²¹/

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ lɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ miŋ³⁵/

/hɔːi̯³⁵ lou̯¹³ mɪŋ²¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 海老名 (Ebina).

(～市) Ebina (a city in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan)


座間

/t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 座間 (Zama).

(～市) Zama (a city in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan)


南足柄

ㄋㄢˊ ㄗㄨˊ ㄅㄧㄥˇ

ㄋㄢˊ ㄗㄨˊ ㄅㄧㄥˇ

/nän³⁵ t͡su³⁵ piŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/nän³⁵ t͡su³⁵ piŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 南足柄 (Minamiashigara).

(～市) Minamiashigara (a city in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan)


綾瀨

/liŋ³⁵ laɪ̯⁵¹/

/liŋ³⁵ laɪ̯⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 綾瀬 (Ayase).

(～市) Ayase (a city in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan)


三條

/sän⁵⁵ tʰi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵/

/saːm⁵⁵ tʰiːu̯²¹/

/sän⁵⁵ tʰi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵/

/saːm⁵⁵ tʰiːu̯²¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 三条 (Sanjō).

(～市) Sanjō (a city in Niigata Prefecture, Japan)


柏崎

/paɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/paɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 柏崎 (Kashiwazaki).

(～市) Kashiwazaki (a city in Niigata Prefecture, Japan)


新發田

/ɕin⁵⁵ fä⁵⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/ɕin⁵⁵ fä⁵⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 新発田 (Shibata).

(～市) Shibata (a city in Niigata Prefecture, Japan)


小千谷

ㄒㄧㄠˇ ㄑㄧㄢ ㄍㄨˇ

ㄒㄧㄠˇ ㄑㄧㄢ ㄍㄨˇ

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 小千谷 (Ojiya).

(～市) Ojiya (a city in Niigata Prefecture, Japan)


加茂

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 加茂 (Kamo).

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ mɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/kaː⁵⁵ mɐu̯²²/

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ mɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/kaː⁵⁵ mɐu̯²²/

(～市) Kamo (a city in Niigata Prefecture, Japan)


十日町

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ ʐ̩⁵¹ tʰiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ ʐ̩⁵¹ tʰiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 十日町 (Tōkamachi).

(～市) Tōkamachi (a city in Niigata Prefecture, Japan)


見附

/t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹⁻⁵³ fu⁵¹/

/t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹⁻⁵³ fu⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 見附 (Mitsuke).

(～市) Mitsuke (a city in Niigata Prefecture, Japan)


絲魚川

/sz̩⁵⁵ y³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

/sz̩⁵⁵ y³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

(～市) Itoigawa (a city in Niigata Prefecture, Japan)


五泉

/u²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn³⁵/

/u²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 五泉 (Gosen).

(～市) Gosen (a city in Niigata Prefecture, Japan)


上越

/ʂɑŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɥɛ⁵¹/

/ʂɑŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɥɛ⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 上越 (Jōetsu).

(～市) Jōetsu (a city in Niigata Prefecture, Japan)


阿賀野

/ˀä⁵⁵ xɤ⁵¹ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ˀä⁵⁵ xɤ⁵¹ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 阿賀野 (Agano).

(～市) Agano (a city in Niigata Prefecture, Japan)


魚沼

/y³⁵ ʈ͡ʂɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/y³⁵ ʈ͡ʂɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 魚沼 (Uonuma).

(～市) Uonuma (a city in Niigata Prefecture, Japan)


南魚沼

/nän³⁵ y³⁵ ʈ͡ʂɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/nän³⁵ y³⁵ ʈ͡ʂɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 南魚沼 (Minamiuonuma).

(～市) Minamiuonuma (a city in Niigata Prefecture, Japan)


胎內

/tʰaɪ̯⁵⁵ neɪ̯⁵¹/

/tʰaɪ̯⁵⁵ neɪ̯⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 胎内 (Tainai).

(～市) Tainai (a city in Niigata Prefecture, Japan)


魚津

/y³⁵ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/

/y³⁵ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 魚津 (Uozu).

(～市) Uozu (a city in Toyama Prefecture, Japan)


冰見

/piŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/piŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 氷見 (Himi).

(～市) Himi (a city in Toyama Prefecture, Japan)


滑川

/xu̯ä³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

/xu̯ä³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 滑川 (Namerikawa).

(～市) Namerikawa (a city in Toyama Prefecture, Japan)


黑部

/xeɪ̯⁵⁵ pu⁵¹/

/xeɪ̯⁵⁵ pu⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 黒部 (Kurobe).

(～市) Kurobe (a city in Toyama Prefecture, Japan)


小矢部

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ʂʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ pu⁵¹/

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ʂʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ pu⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 小矢部 (Oyabe).

(～市) Oyabe (a city in Toyama Prefecture, Japan)


射水

/ʂɤ⁵¹ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʂɤ⁵¹ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 射水 (Imizu).

(～市) Imizu (a city in Toyama Prefecture, Japan)


礪波

/li⁵¹ pu̯ɔ⁵⁵/

/li⁵¹ pu̯ɔ⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 礪波 (Tonami).

(～市) Tonami (a city in Toyama Prefecture, Japan)


南礪

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 南砺 (Nanto).

(～市) Nanto (a city in Toyama Prefecture, Japan)


七尾

/t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵ weɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵ weɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 七尾 (Nanao).

(～市) Nanao (a city in Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan)


輪島

/lu̯ən³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lu̯ən³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 輪島 (Wajima).

(～市) Wajima (a city in Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan)


珠洲

/ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 珠洲 (Suzu).

(～市) Suzu (a city in Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan)


羽咋

/y²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡sɤ³⁵/

/y²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡sɤ³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 羽咋 (Hakui).

(～市) Hakui (a city in Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan)


能美

/nɤŋ³⁵ meɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/nɤŋ³⁵ meɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 能美 (Nomi).

(～市) Nomi (a city in Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan)


敦賀

/tu̯ən⁵⁵ xɤ⁵¹/

/tu̯ən⁵⁵ xɤ⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 敦賀 (Tsuruga).

(～市) Tsuruga (a city in Fukui Prefecture, Japan)


小濱

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ pin⁵⁵/

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ pin⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 小浜 (Obama).

(～市) Obama (a city in Fukui Prefecture, Japan)


勝山

/ʂɤŋ⁵¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

/ʂɤŋ⁵¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 勝山 (Katsuyama).

(～市) Katsuyama (a city in Fukui Prefecture, Japan)


鯖江

/t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 鯖江 (Sabae).

(～市) Sabae (a city in Fukui Prefecture, Japan)


蘆原

/lu³⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

/lu³⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese あわら (Awara).

(～市) Awara (a city in Fukui Prefecture, Japan)


富士吉田

ㄈㄨˋ ㄕˋ ㄐㄧˊ ㄊㄧㄢˊ

ㄈㄨˋ ㄕˋ ㄐㄧˊ ㄊㄧㄢˊ

/fu⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹ t͡ɕi³⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/fu⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹ t͡ɕi³⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 富士吉田 (Fujiyoshida).

(～市) Fujiyoshida (a city in Yamanashi Prefecture, Japan)


都留

/tu⁵⁵ li̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/tu⁵⁵ li̯oʊ̯³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 都留 (Tsuru).

(～市) Tsuru (a city in Yamanashi Prefecture, Japan)


天童

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ tʰʊŋ³⁵/

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ tʰʊŋ³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 天童 (Tendō).

(～市) Tendō (a city in Yamagata Prefecture, Japan)


大月

/tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɥɛ⁵¹/

/tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɥɛ⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 大月(おおつき) (Ōtsuki).

(～市) Ōtsuki (a city in Yamanashi Prefecture)


韮崎

/t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 韮崎 (Nirasaki).

(～市) Nirasaki (a city in Yamanashi Prefecture, Japan)


南阿爾卑斯

ㄋㄢˊ ㄚ ㄦˇ ㄅㄟ ㄙ

ㄋㄢˊ ㄚ ㄦˇ ㄅㄟ ㄙ

Наньаэрбэйсы

/nän³⁵ ˀä⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ peɪ̯⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵/

/nän³⁵ ˀä⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ peɪ̯⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵/

Calque of Japanese 南アルプス (Minami Arupusu).

calque

(～市) Minami-Alps (a city in Yamanashi Prefecture, Japan)


笛吹

/ti³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵/

/ti³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 笛吹 (Fuefuki).

obor

(～市) Fuefuki (a city in Yamanashi Prefecture, Japan)


北杜

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ tu⁵¹/

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ tu⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 北杜 (Hokuto).

(～市) Hokuto (a city in Yamanashi Prefecture, Japan)


上野原

/ʂɑŋ⁵¹ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɥɛn³⁵/

/ʂɑŋ⁵¹ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɥɛn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 上野原 (Uenohara).

(～市) Uenohara (a city in Yamanashi Prefecture, Japan)


甲州

/t͡ɕi̯ä²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕi̯ä²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 甲州 (Kōshū).

(～市) Kōshū (a city in Yamanashi Prefecture, Japan)


岡谷

/kɑŋ⁵⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kɑŋ⁵⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 岡谷 (Okaya).

(～市) Okaya (a city in Nagano Prefecture, Japan)


須坂

/ɕy⁵⁵ pän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ɕy⁵⁵ pän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 須坂 (Suzaka).

(～市) Suzaka (a city in Nagano Prefecture, Japan)


小諸

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵/

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 小諸 (Komoro).

(～市) Komoro (a city in Nagano Prefecture, Japan)


伊那

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 伊那 (Ina).

(～市) Ina (a city in Nagano Prefecture, Japan)


駒根

/t͡ɕy⁵⁵ kən⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕy⁵⁵ kən⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 駒ヶ根 (Komagane).

(～市) Komagane (a city in Nagano Prefecture, Japan)


大町

/tä⁵¹ tʰiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tä⁵¹ tʰiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 大町 (Ōmachi).

(～市) Ōmachi (a city in Nagano Prefecture, Japan)


飯山

/fän⁵¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

/fän⁵¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 飯山 (Iiyama).

(～市) Iiyama (a city in Nagano Prefecture, Japan)


茅野

/mɑʊ̯³⁵ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/mɑʊ̯³⁵ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 茅野 (Chino).

(～市) Chino (a city in Nagano Prefecture, Japan)


鹽尻

/jɛn³⁵ kʰɑʊ̯⁵⁵/

/jɛn³⁵ kʰɑʊ̯⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 塩尻 (Shiojiri).

(～市) Shiojiri (a city in Nagano Prefecture, Japan)


佐久

/t͡su̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡su̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 佐久 (Saku).

(～市) Saku (a city in Nagano Prefecture, Japan)


東御

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 東御 (Tōmi).

(～市) Tōmi (a city in Nagano Prefecture, Japan)


安曇野

/ˀän⁵⁵ tʰän³⁵ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ˀän⁵⁵ tʰän³⁵ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 安曇野 (Azumino).

(～市) Azumino (a city in Nagano Prefecture, Japan)


大垣

/tä⁵¹ ɥɛn³⁵/

/tä⁵¹ ɥɛn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 大垣 (Ōgaki).

(～市) Ōgaki (a city in Gifu Prefecture, Japan)


多治見

/tu̯ɔ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/tu̯ɔ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 多治見 (Tajimi).

(～市) Tajimi (a city in Gifu Prefecture, Japan)


中津川

Чжунцзиньчуань

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕin⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕin⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 中津川 (Nagatsugawa).

(～市) (～市) Nagatsugawa (a city in Gifu Prefecture, Japan)


瑞浪

/ʐu̯eɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ lɑŋ⁵¹/

/ʐu̯eɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ lɑŋ⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 瑞浪 (Mizunami).

(～市) Mizunami (a city in Gifu Prefecture, Japan)


羽島

/y²¹⁴⁻³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/y²¹⁴⁻³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 羽島 (Hashima).

(～市) Hashima (a city in Gifu Prefecture, Japan)


惠那

/xu̯eɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ nä⁵¹/

/xu̯eɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ nä⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 恵那 (Ena).

(～市) Ena (a city in Gifu Prefecture, Japan)


美濃加茂

ㄇㄟˇ ㄋㄨㄥˊ ㄐㄧㄚ ㄇㄠˋ

ㄇㄟˇ ㄋㄨㄥˊ ㄐㄧㄚ ㄇㄠˋ

Мэйнунцзямао

/meɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ nʊŋ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ mɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/meɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ nʊŋ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ mɑʊ̯⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 美濃加茂 (Minokamo).

(～市) Minokamo (a city in Gifu Prefecture, Japan)


土岐

/tʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/tʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 土岐 (Toki).

(～市) Toki (a city in Gifu Prefecture, Japan)


各務原

/kɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ u⁵¹ ɥɛn³⁵/

/kɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ u⁵¹ ɥɛn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 各務原 (Kakamigahara).

(～市) Kakamigahara (a city in Gifu Prefecture, Japan)