建昌

/t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ⁵⁵/


大理

/tä⁵¹ li²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tai²²⁻²¹ li⁵³/

/tai⁴¹⁻²² li⁵⁵⁴/

/tai²²⁻²¹ li⁵³/

/tai³³⁻¹¹ li⁵³/

/tai³³⁻²¹ li⁴¹/

/tai³⁵⁻¹¹ li⁵²/

/tä⁵¹ li²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tai²²⁻²¹ li⁵³/

/tai⁴¹⁻²² li⁵⁵⁴/

/tai²²⁻²¹ li⁵³/

/tai³³⁻¹¹ li⁵³/

/tai³³⁻²¹ li⁴¹/

/tai³⁵⁻¹¹ li⁵²/

～白族自治州 大理白族自治州#Chinese

Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture
w:Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture

autonomous prefecture
autonomous prefecture

(～白族自治州, ～州) Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture (an autonomous prefecture of Yunnan, China)

(～市) Dali (a county-level city of Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan, China)

(～鎮, ～古城) Dali (a town in Dali City, Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan, China, also known as Dali Old Town)

(～府) (historical) Dali Prefecture (a prefecture controlled by the old town under imperial China)


中和

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ wɔː²¹/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² ho¹³/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² ho²⁴/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ hɤ²³/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ ho²⁴/

/tiɔŋ³³ hɔ²⁴/

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ wɔː²¹/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² ho¹³/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² ho²⁴/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ hɤ²³/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ ho²⁴/

/tiɔŋ³³ hɔ²⁴/

(～街道) Zhonghe Subdistrict (a subdistrict of Chengdu, Sichuan, China)

(～鎮) Zhonghe (a town in Kaizhou district, Chongqing, China)

(～鎮) Zhonghe (a town in Ningyuan, Yongzhou, Hunan, China)


資中

→ English: Zizhong

/t͡sz̩⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sz̩⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵/

A variant of its imperial Chinese name 資州 /资州 (“Zi Prefecture”).

(～縣) Zizhong (a county of Neijiang, Sichuan, China)


閬中

/lɑŋ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵/

/lɑŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵/

/lɑŋ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵/

/lɑŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵/

(～市) Langzhong (a county-level city of Nanchong, Sichuan, China)


羅定

/lu̯ɔ³⁵ tiŋ⁵¹/

/lɔː²¹ tɪŋ²²/

/lu̯ɔ³⁵ tiŋ⁵¹/

/lɔː²¹ tɪŋ²²/

Coined in 1577 during the Ming dynasty after the Yao rebellion in Luopang, Guangdong had been quashed in 1577, intended to convey the meaning 羅旁平定/罗旁平定 (“Luopang pacified”).
The first syllable 羅 is possibly borrowed from a Kra-Dai substrate word. Shao (2015) proposes that 羅 is cognate with either Zhuang laj (“low; down; bottom”), as in lajbya (“foothill”), or Proto-Kam-Sui *ra (“field; farmland”), whence Southern Kam jav, Sui qxgas, Maonan yras. Note that places with 羅 as the first character in their names are widespread in Guangdong.

(～市) Luoding (a county-level city of Yunfu, Guangdong, China)


增城

Attested in the Book of the Later Han [5th century], as the name of a county under Nanhai Commandery (南海郡).

/t͡sɤŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/t͡sɐŋ⁵⁵ sɪŋ²¹/

/t͡sɤŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/t͡sɐŋ⁵⁵ sɪŋ²¹/

(～區, formerly ～縣, ～市) Zengcheng (a district, former county, and former county-level city of Guangzhou, Guangdong, China)


潼關

/tʰʊŋ³⁵ ku̯än⁵⁵/

/tʰʊŋ²¹ kʷaːn⁵⁵/

/tʰʊŋ³⁵ ku̯än⁵⁵/

/tʰʊŋ²¹ kʷaːn⁵⁵/

(～縣) Tongguan (a county of Weinan, Shaanxi, China)


呂梁

desc

→ English: Luliang, Lüliang, Lvliang, Lyuliang

/ly²¹⁴⁻²¹ li̯ɑŋ³⁵/

/lɵy̯¹³ lœːŋ²¹/

/ly²¹⁴⁻²¹ li̯ɑŋ³⁵/

/lɵy̯¹³ lœːŋ²¹/

(～市) Lüliang (a prefecture-level city of Shanxi, China)


陝州

/ʂän²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/ʂän²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

(～區) Shanzhou (a district of Sanmenxia, Henan, China)


化州

/xu̯ä⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/faː³³ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/hua⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ t͡siu³³/

/xu̯ä⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/faː³³ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/hua⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ t͡siu³³/

(～市) Huazhou (a county-level city of Maoming, Guangdong, China)

(～縣) (historical) Huazhou (a county of Gaozhou, Guangdong, China)

(historical) Hua (a prefecture of Guangdong, China)


電白

→ English: Dianbai, Tinpak

/ti̯ɛn⁵¹ paɪ̯³⁵/

/tiaŋ³⁵⁻¹¹ peʔ⁴/

/ti̯ɛn⁵¹ paɪ̯³⁵/

/tiaŋ³⁵⁻¹¹ peʔ⁴/

(～區, formerly ～縣) Dianbai (a district and former county of Maoming, Guangdong, China)


鶴山

/xɤ⁵¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

/hɔːk̚² saːn⁵⁵/

/xɤ⁵¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

/hɔːk̚² saːn⁵⁵/

(～市) Heshan (a county-level city of Jiangmen, Guangdong, China)

(～區) Heshan (a district of Hebi, Henan, China)

(～鎮, formerly ～鄉) Heshan (a town and former township in Ningyang, Tai'an, Shandong, China)


高州

/kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/kou̯⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/kou̯⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

(～市) Gaozhou (a county-level city of Maoming, Guangdong, China)

(～府) (historical) Gaozhou (a former imperial-era commandery of Guangdong, China)


信宜

/sɵn³³ jiː²¹/

/sɵn³³ jiː²¹/

(～市) Xinyi (a county-level city of Maoming, Guangdong, China)


新寧

/ɕin⁵⁵ niŋ³⁵/

/sɐn⁵⁵ nɪŋ²¹/

/ɕin⁵⁵ niŋ³⁵/

/sɐn⁵⁵ nɪŋ²¹/

1891, 薛福成 [Xue Fucheng], 出使英法義比四國日記, volume 3, page 12:

Yǎngguāng Yuè shāng yǐ Xīnníng rén wéi zuìduō, jiàn yǒu Níngyáng huìguǎn.

仰光粵商以新寗人為最多，建有寗陽會館。

仰光粤商以新寗人为最多，建有寗阳会馆。

(～縣) Xinning, Sunning (a former county of Guangdong, China; modern Taishan)

(～縣) Xinning County (a county of Hunan, China)

(～鎮) Xinning Town (a town in Fusui, Guangxi autonomous region)


扶綏

/fu³⁵ su̯eɪ̯³⁵/

/fu³⁵ su̯eɪ̯⁵⁵/

/fu³⁵ su̯eɪ̯³⁵/

/fu³⁵ su̯eɪ̯⁵⁵/

From 扶南 (Fúnán) + 綏淥／绥渌, the names of two of the three counties that merged to form Fusui county in 1952.

(～縣) Fusui (a county of the Guangxi autonomous region, China)


天橋

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵/

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯aʊ̯ɻʷ³⁵/

/tʰiɛn⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰiau²¹/

/tʰiːn⁵⁵ kʰiːu̯²¹/

/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ kiɤ²³/

/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ kio²⁴/

/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² kio¹³/

/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² kio²⁴/

/tʰĩ⁴⁴⁻²² kio²⁴/

/tʰiaŋ³³⁻²³ kio⁵⁵/

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵/

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯aʊ̯ɻʷ³⁵/

/tʰiɛn⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰiau²¹/

/tʰiːn⁵⁵ kʰiːu̯²¹/

/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ kiɤ²³/

/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ kio²⁴/

/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² kio¹³/

/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² kio²⁴/

/tʰĩ⁴⁴⁻²² kio²⁴/

/tʰiaŋ³³⁻²³ kio⁵⁵/

(～區) Tianqiao District (a district of Jinan, Shandong, China)

Tianqiao (a subdistrict in the southeastern portion of Xicheng district, Beijing, China)

(～村) Tianqiao (a village in Sandouping, Yiling district, Yichang, Hubei, China)


封開

/fɤŋ⁵⁵ kʰaɪ̯⁵⁵/

/fʊŋ⁵⁵ hɔːi̯⁵⁵/

/fɤŋ⁵⁵ kʰaɪ̯⁵⁵/

/fʊŋ⁵⁵ hɔːi̯⁵⁵/

A compound of the names of Fengchuan (封川 (Fēngchuān), "Sealed River") and Kaijian (開建 /开建 (kāijiàn), "Opening Establishment"), the two counties whose 1961 merger created the present county.

(～縣) Fengkai County (a county of Zhaoqing, Guangdong, China)


高要

/kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ jɑʊ̯⁵⁵/

/kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ jɑʊ̯⁵⁵/

(～區, formerly ～縣, ～市) Gaoyao (a district of Zhaoqing, Guangdong, China, formerly a county or a county-level city)

(～專區) (historical) Gaoyao (a former prefecture of Guangdong, China)


廣寧

/ku̯ɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ niŋ³⁵/

/kʷɔːŋ³⁵ nɪŋ²¹/

/ku̯ɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ niŋ³⁵/

/kʷɔːŋ³⁵ nɪŋ²¹/

(～縣) Guangning (a county of Zhaoqing, Guangdong, China)


德慶

/tɤ³⁵ t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵¹/

/tɐk̚⁵ hɪŋ³³/

/tɤ³⁵ t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵¹/

/tɐk̚⁵ hɪŋ³³/

(～縣) Deqing (a county of Zhaoqing, Guangdong, China)


開平

/kʰaɪ̯⁵⁵ pʰiŋ³⁵/

/hɔːi̯⁵⁵ pʰɪŋ²¹/

/hᵘɔi³³ pʰen²²/

/kʰaɪ̯⁵⁵ pʰiŋ³⁵/

/hɔːi̯⁵⁵ pʰɪŋ²¹/

/hᵘɔi³³ pʰen²²/

(～市, formerly ～縣) Kaiping, Hoiping (a county-level city and former county of Jiangmen, Guangdong, China)

(～區) Kaiping (a district of Tangshan, Hebei, China)


恩平

/ˀən⁵⁵ pʰiŋ³⁵/

/jɐn⁵⁵ pʰɪŋ²¹/

/ˀən⁵⁵ pʰiŋ³⁵/

/jɐn⁵⁵ pʰɪŋ²¹/

(～市, formerly ～縣) Enping, Yanping (a county-level city and former county of Jiangmen, Guangdong, China)


新會

→ English: Hsin-hui, Sunwui, Xinhui

/ɕin⁵⁵ xu̯eɪ̯⁵¹/

/sɐn⁵⁵ wuːi̯²²/

/ɬin³³ vᵘɔi³²/

/ɕin⁵⁵ xu̯eɪ̯⁵¹/

/sɐn⁵⁵ wuːi̯²²/

/ɬin³³ vᵘɔi³²/

Coined with the establishment of 新會郡 (“Xinhui Commandery”) in 420 CE.

(～區, formerly ～市, ～縣) Xinhui, Sunwui (a district, former city, and former county of Jiangmen, Guangdong, China)


清遠

/t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵ ɥɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʰɪŋ⁵⁵ jyːn¹³/

/tʰen³³ jᵘɔn⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² uan⁵³/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ³³ uan⁵⁵⁴/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² uan⁵³/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ uan⁵³/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ uan⁴¹/

/t͡sʰeŋ³³⁻²³ iaŋ⁵²/

/t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵ ɥɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʰɪŋ⁵⁵ jyːn¹³/

/tʰen³³ jᵘɔn⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² uan⁵³/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ³³ uan⁵⁵⁴/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² uan⁵³/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ uan⁵³/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ uan⁴¹/

/t͡sʰeŋ³³⁻²³ iaŋ⁵²/

(～市) Qingyuan (a prefecture-level city of Guangdong, China)

(～縣) (historical) Qingyuan (a former county of Guangdong, China)


從化

/t͡sʰʊŋ³⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹/

/t͡sʰʊŋ²¹ faː³³/

/t͡sʰʊŋ³⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹/

/t͡sʰʊŋ²¹ faː³³/

(～區, formerly ～縣, ～市) Conghua (a district, former county, and former county-level city of Guangzhou, Guangdong, China)


陸豐

/lu⁵¹ fɤŋ⁵⁵/

/lʊk̚² fʊŋ⁵⁵/

/liɔk̚⁴⁻³² hɔŋ⁴⁴/

/liɔk̚²⁴⁻² hɔŋ³³/

/liɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ hɔŋ⁴⁴/

/liɔk̚⁴⁻³² hɔŋ⁴⁴/

/liɔk̚⁴⁻³² hɔŋ⁴⁴/

/lek̚⁴⁻² hoŋ³³/

/lu⁵¹ fɤŋ⁵⁵/

/lʊk̚² fʊŋ⁵⁵/

/liɔk̚⁴⁻³² hɔŋ⁴⁴/

/liɔk̚²⁴⁻² hɔŋ³³/

/liɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ hɔŋ⁴⁴/

/liɔk̚⁴⁻³² hɔŋ⁴⁴/

/liɔk̚⁴⁻³² hɔŋ⁴⁴/

/lek̚⁴⁻² hoŋ³³/

(～市, formerly ～縣) Lufeng (a county-level city and former county of Shanwei, Guangdong, China)


眉山

/meɪ̯³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/mi⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾laŋ⁵⁵/

/bi²⁴⁻²² san⁴⁴/

/bi²⁴⁻²² san³³/

/bi¹³⁻²² san⁴⁴/

/bi²⁴⁻¹¹ san⁴⁴/

/bi²³⁻³³ san⁴⁴/

/meɪ̯³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/mi⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾laŋ⁵⁵/

/bi²⁴⁻²² san⁴⁴/

/bi²⁴⁻²² san³³/

/bi¹³⁻²² san⁴⁴/

/bi²⁴⁻¹¹ san⁴⁴/

/bi²³⁻³³ san⁴⁴/

(～市) Meishan (a prefecture-level city of Sichuan, China)


瓊州

/t͡ɕʰi̯ʊŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/kʰɪŋ²¹ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕʰi̯ʊŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/kʰɪŋ²¹ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

(historical) Qiongzhou, the prefectural seat, now Qiongshan District in Haikou, Hainan.


定海

/tiŋ⁵¹ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tɪŋ²² hɔːi̯³⁵/

/tiŋ⁵¹ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tɪŋ²² hɔːi̯³⁵/

(～區) Dinghai (a district of Zhoushan, Zhejiang, China), encompassing the western half of Zhoushan Island and some of the surrounding islands

(historical) Dinghai (a former city in China), the former separate city which served as the seat of the Zhoushan Archipelago's various governments

People's Republic
People's Republic of China

(～縣) (historical) Dinghai (a former county of Zhejiang, China), encompassing the Zhoushan Archipelago under the Ming, early Qing, Republic, and early People's Republic


鎮海

/ʈ͡ʂən⁵¹ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʈ͡ʂən⁵¹ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(～區) Zhenhai (a district of Ningbo, Zhejiang, China)


三八

/sän⁵⁵ pä⁵⁵/

/sam⁴⁴⁻³³ pat̚³²/

/sän⁵⁵ pä⁵⁵/

/sam⁴⁴⁻³³ pat̚³²/

(～鎮) Sanba (a former town in Taishan, Jiangmen, Guangdong, China)


交口

/t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵ kʰoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵ kʰɤʊ̯ɻʷ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kaːu̯⁵⁵ hɐu̯³⁵/

/t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵ kʰoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵ kʰɤʊ̯ɻʷ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kaːu̯⁵⁵ hɐu̯³⁵/

(～縣) Jiaokou (a county of Lüliang, Shanxi, China)


洛江

/lu̯ɔ⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/lɔːk̚² kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/lɔːk̚³ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/l̃ouʔ⁵⁻⁵⁵ kouŋ⁵⁵/

/lɔk̚⁴⁻³² kaŋ⁴⁴/

/lɔk̚²⁴⁻² kaŋ³³/

/lɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/lɔk̚⁴⁻³² kaŋ⁴⁴/

/lɔk̚⁴⁻³² kaŋ⁴⁴/

/lu̯ɔ⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/lɔːk̚² kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/lɔːk̚³ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/l̃ouʔ⁵⁻⁵⁵ kouŋ⁵⁵/

/lɔk̚⁴⁻³² kaŋ⁴⁴/

/lɔk̚²⁴⁻² kaŋ³³/

/lɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/lɔk̚⁴⁻³² kaŋ⁴⁴/

/lɔk̚⁴⁻³² kaŋ⁴⁴/

(～區) Luojiang (a district of Quanzhou, Fujian, China)


克什米爾

ㄎㄜˋ ㄕˊ ㄇㄧˇ ㄦˇ

ㄎㄜˋ ㄕˊ ㄇㄧˇ ㄦˇ

/kʰɤ⁵¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵ mi²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/hɐk̚⁵ sɐp̚² mɐi̯¹³ jiː¹³/

/kʰɤ⁵¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵ mi²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/hɐk̚⁵ sɐp̚² mɐi̯¹³ jiː¹³/

印控克什米爾／印控克什米尔

克什米尔公主号事件 [MSC, simp.]
Kèshímǐ'ěr gōngzhǔ hào shìjiàn [Pinyin]

(chiefly Mainland China) Kashmir (a contested geographic region of South Asia in the northern part of the Indian subcontinent, located between (and de facto divided between) India, Pakistan and China)


張家口

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (張家口):
* → Japanese: 張(ちょう)家(か)口(こう) (Chōkakō)
* → Korean: 장가구(張家口) (Janggagu)
* → Vietnamese: Trương Gia Khẩu (張家口)

→ English: Zhangjiakou

→ Japanese: チャンチアコウ (Chanchiakō)

→ Korean: 장자커우 (Jangjakeou)

desc

ᠵᠠᠩ ᡤᡳᠶᠠ ᡴᡝᠣ

→ Manchu: ᠵᠠᠩ
ᡤᡳᠶᠠ
ᡴᡝᠣ (jang giya keo)

/ʈ͡ʂɑŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ kʰoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʈ͡ʂɑŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ kʰɤʊ̯ɻʷ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sœːŋ⁵⁵ kaː⁵⁵ hɐu̯³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂɑŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ kʰoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʈ͡ʂɑŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ kʰɤʊ̯ɻʷ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sœːŋ⁵⁵ kaː⁵⁵ hɐu̯³⁵/

A clipping of the Ming name 張家口堡 /张家口堡 (Zhāngjiākǒubǔ), named for Zhang Wen (張文), who directed its construction in 1429. For the use of 囗, compare Mongolian ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠯᠭᠠᠨ (qaɣalɣan, “gate”), source of the alternate Chinese name 喀拉幹／喀拉干.

(～市) Zhangjiakou (a prefecture-level city of Hebei, China)


咸寧

→ English: Xianning, Sienning, Hsien-ning

/ɕi̯ɛn³⁵ niŋ³⁵/

/haːm²¹ nɪŋ²¹/

/haŋ⁵³⁻³³ nˡiŋ⁵³/

/ham²⁴⁻²² liɪŋ²⁴/

/ham²⁴⁻²² liɪŋ²⁴/

/ham¹³⁻²² liɪŋ¹³/

/ham²⁴⁻¹¹ liɪŋ²⁴/

/ham²³⁻³³ liɪŋ²³/

/ɕi̯ɛn³⁵ niŋ³⁵/

/haːm²¹ nɪŋ²¹/

/haŋ⁵³⁻³³ nˡiŋ⁵³/

/ham²⁴⁻²² liɪŋ²⁴/

/ham²⁴⁻²² liɪŋ²⁴/

/ham¹³⁻²² liɪŋ¹³/

/ham²⁴⁻¹¹ liɪŋ²⁴/

/ham²³⁻³³ liɪŋ²³/

(～市, formerly ～地區) Xianning (a prefecture-level city of Hubei, China)


龍江

→ English: Longjiang

/lʊŋ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/lʊŋ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

As a Zhejiang village and port, in reference to its position on the south bank of the lower Ao, locally known as the Qinglong River (青龍江 /青龙江 (qīnglóng jiāng)).

(～縣) Longjiang (a county of Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, China)

(historical) (～省) Longjiang (a former province of China; capital: Qiqihar), now part of Heilongjiang

(historical) (～村) Longjiang (a former village in Zhejiang, China), now part of Longgang (龍港/龙港)

(historical) (～港區) Longjiang (a former port area in Zhejiang, China), now part of Longgang (龍港/龙港)


阿里

/ˀä⁵⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/aː³³ lei̯¹³/

/ˀä⁵⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/aː³³ lei̯¹³/

Transcription of non-Chinese names. Sense 1 is borrowed from Tibetan མངའ་རིས (mnga' ris).

(～地區) Ngari (a prefecture of the Tibet Autonomous Region, China)


鹽池

→ English: Yanchi

/jɛn³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩³⁵/

/jɛn³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩³⁵/

(～市) Yanchi (a county of Wuzhong, Ningxia autonomous region, China)


顯靈

/ɕi̯ɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹ liŋ³⁵/

/hiːn³⁵ lɪŋ²¹/

/hiɛn⁵³⁻⁴⁴ liɪŋ²⁴/

/hiɛn⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ liɪŋ²⁴/

/hiɛn⁵³⁻⁴⁴ liɪŋ¹³/

/hiɛn⁵³⁻⁴⁴ liɪŋ²⁴/

/hiɛn⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ liɪŋ²³/

/ɕi̯ɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹ liŋ³⁵/

/hiːn³⁵ lɪŋ²¹/

/hiɛn⁵³⁻⁴⁴ liɪŋ²⁴/

/hiɛn⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ liɪŋ²⁴/

/hiɛn⁵³⁻⁴⁴ liɪŋ¹³/

/hiɛn⁵³⁻⁴⁴ liɪŋ²⁴/

/hiɛn⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ liɪŋ²³/

(～村) Xianling (a village in Wulipu, Shayang, Jingmen, Hubei, China)


思明

/sz̩⁵⁵ miŋ³⁵/

/siː⁵⁵ mɪŋ²¹/

/su⁴⁴⁻²² biɪŋ²⁴/

/sz̩⁵⁵ miŋ³⁵/

/siː⁵⁵ mɪŋ²¹/

/su⁴⁴⁻²² biɪŋ²⁴/

Originally named by Koxinga during the Southern Ming resistance to the Qing Empire.

(～區) Siming (a district of Xiamen, Fujian, China)


向陽

/ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵¹ jɑŋ³⁵/

/ɕiaŋ²¹³ iaŋ²¹/

/hœːŋ³³ jœːŋ²¹/

/ɕiɒ̃⁴⁵ iɒ̃¹¹/

/hiɔŋ²¹⁻⁴¹ iɔŋ²³/

/hiɔŋ¹¹⁻⁵³ iɔŋ²⁴/

/hiɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ iɔŋ²⁴/

/hiɔŋ²¹⁻⁵³ iɔŋ²⁴/

/hiaŋ²¹⁻⁵³ iaŋ¹³/

/hiaŋ²¹⁻⁴¹ iaŋ²³/

/ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵¹ jɑŋ³⁵/

/ɕiaŋ²¹³ iaŋ²¹/

/hœːŋ³³ jœːŋ²¹/

/ɕiɒ̃⁴⁵ iɒ̃¹¹/

/hiɔŋ²¹⁻⁴¹ iɔŋ²³/

/hiɔŋ¹¹⁻⁵³ iɔŋ²⁴/

/hiɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ iɔŋ²⁴/

/hiɔŋ²¹⁻⁵³ iɔŋ²⁴/

/hiaŋ²¹⁻⁵³ iaŋ¹³/

/hiaŋ²¹⁻⁴¹ iaŋ²³/

(～村) Xiangyang (a village in Zhonglu, Lichuan, Enshi prefecture, Hubei, China)


文集

/wən³⁵ t͡ɕi³⁵/

/mɐn²¹ t͡saːp̚²⁻³⁵/

/bun²⁴⁻²² t͡sip̚²⁴/

/bun¹³⁻²² t͡sip̚¹²¹/

/wən³⁵ t͡ɕi³⁵/

/mɐn²¹ t͡saːp̚²⁻³⁵/

/bun²⁴⁻²² t͡sip̚²⁴/

/bun¹³⁻²² t͡sip̚¹²¹/

(～鎮) Wenji (a town in Zhongxiang, Jingmen, Hubei, China)

(～社區) Wenji (a residential community in Wenji, Zhongxiang, Jingmen, Hubei, China)

(～村) Wenji (a village in Wenji, Zhongxiang, Jingmen, Hubei, China)


越秀

/ɥɛ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵¹/

/jyːt̚² sɐu̯³³/

/ɥɛ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵¹/

/jyːt̚² sɐu̯³³/

(～區) Yuexiu (a district of Guangzhou, Guangdong, China)


武功

/u²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

/mou̯¹³ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

/vu²⁴⁻³³ kuŋ⁵³/

/bu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kɔŋ⁴⁴/

/bu⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kɔŋ³³/

/bu⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kɔŋ⁴⁴/

/bu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/bu⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kaŋ³³/

/u²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

/mou̯¹³ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

/vu²⁴⁻³³ kuŋ⁵³/

/bu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kɔŋ⁴⁴/

/bu⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kɔŋ³³/

/bu⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kɔŋ⁴⁴/

/bu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/bu⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kaŋ³³/

(～縣) Wugong (a county of Xianyang, Shaanxi, China)


棋盤

→ English: Qipan

/t͡ɕʰi³⁵ pʰän³⁵/

/kʰei̯²¹ pʰuːn²¹⁻³⁵/

/kʰei²² pʰᵘɔn²²⁻²²⁵/

/t͡ɕʰi²⁴ pʰɵn²⁴/

/ki⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ᵖ⁻⁾βuaŋ⁵³/

/ki¹³⁻²² puã¹³/

/ki²⁴⁻¹¹ puã²⁴/

/ki²³⁻³³ puã²³/

/ki²⁴⁻²² puã²⁴/

/ki⁵⁵⁻¹¹ pũã⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕʰi³⁵ pʰän³⁵/

/kʰei̯²¹ pʰuːn²¹⁻³⁵/

/kʰei²² pʰᵘɔn²²⁻²²⁵/

/t͡ɕʰi²⁴ pʰɵn²⁴/

/ki⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ᵖ⁻⁾βuaŋ⁵³/

/ki¹³⁻²² puã¹³/

/ki²⁴⁻¹¹ puã²⁴/

/ki²³⁻³³ puã²³/

/ki²⁴⁻²² puã²⁴/

/ki⁵⁵⁻¹¹ pũã⁵⁵/

(～鄉) Qipan (a township in Jianli, Jingzhou, Hubei, China)


湯頭

/tʰɑŋ⁵⁵ tʰoʊ̯³⁵/

/tʰɔːŋ⁵⁵ tʰɐu̯²¹/

/tʰŋ̍⁴⁴⁻²² tʰau²⁴/

/tʰŋ̍³³ tʰau²⁴/

/tʰŋ̍⁴⁴⁻²² tʰau¹³/

/tʰŋ̍⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰau²⁴/

/tʰŋ̍⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰau²³/

/tʰɑŋ⁵⁵ tʰoʊ̯³⁵/

/tʰɔːŋ⁵⁵ tʰɐu̯²¹/

/tʰŋ̍⁴⁴⁻²² tʰau²⁴/

/tʰŋ̍³³ tʰau²⁴/

/tʰŋ̍⁴⁴⁻²² tʰau¹³/

/tʰŋ̍⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰau²⁴/

/tʰŋ̍⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰau²³/

(～村) Tangtou (a village in Gangwei, Longhai, Zhangzhou, Fujian, China)


獅子山

/ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

/ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ d͡z̥z̩² ʂän⁵⁵/

/siː⁵⁵ t͡siː³⁵ saːn⁵⁵/

/ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

/ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ d͡z̥z̩² ʂän⁵⁵/

/siː⁵⁵ t͡siː³⁵ saːn⁵⁵/

(～區) (historical) Shizishan (a former district of Tongling, Anhui, China, now part of Tongguan District)

(～街道) Shizishan (a subdistrict of Hongshan district, Wuhan, Hubei, China)

(～街道) Shizishan (a subdistrict of Jinjiang district, Chengdu, Sichuan, China)

(～街道) Shizishan (a subdistrict of Yanjiang district, Ziyang, Sichuan, China)


梧州

/u³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/ŋ̍²¹ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/u³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/ŋ̍²¹ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

(～市) Wuzhou (a prefecture-level city of the Guangxi autonomous region, China)


崇左

/ʈ͡ʂʰʊŋ³⁵ t͡su̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sʊŋ²¹ t͡sɔː³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰʊŋ³⁵ t͡su̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sʊŋ²¹ t͡sɔː³⁵/

From 崇善 + 左縣／左县, the names of the two counties which merged to form the county of Chongzuo in 1952.

(～市) Chongzuo (a city in the Guangxi autonomous region, China)


賀州

/xɤ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/hɔː²² t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/xɤ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/hɔː²² t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

(～市) Hezhou (a city in the Guangxi autonomous region, China)


百色

→ English: Baise, Bose, Poseh

→ Zhuang: Bwzswz

/paɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ sɤ⁵¹/

/pu̯ɔ³⁵ sɤ⁵¹/

/paɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ sɤ⁵¹/

/pu̯ɔ³⁵ sɤ⁵¹/

From Zhuang Baksaek, which is composed of bak (“mouth”) and saek (“to block”) – "blocked mountain pass". Alternatively, it may instead be composed of bak (“mouth”) and saeg (“to wash clothes”) – "the place where clothes are washed".

(～市) Baise, Bose (a prefecture-level city of the Guangxi autonomous region, China)


河池

/xɤ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩³⁵/

/hɔː²¹ t͡sʰiː²¹/

/xɤ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩³⁵/

/hɔː²¹ t͡sʰiː²¹/

(～市) Hechi (a prefecture-level city of the Guangxi autonomous region, China)


欽州

/t͡ɕʰin⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/jɐm⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕʰin⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/jɐm⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

(～市) Qinzhou (a prefecture-level city of the Guangxi autonomous region, China)


防城港

→ English: Fangchenggang

→ Zhuang: Fangzcwngzgangj

/fɑŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵ kɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/fɔːŋ²¹ sɪŋ²¹ kɔːŋ³⁵/

/fɑŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵ kɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/fɔːŋ²¹ sɪŋ²¹ kɔːŋ³⁵/

(～市) Fangchenggang (a prefecture-level city of the Guangxi autonomous region, China)


岑溪

/t͡sʰən³⁵ ɕi⁵⁵/

/sɐm²¹ kʰɐi̯⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰən³⁵ ɕi⁵⁵/

/sɐm²¹ kʰɐi̯⁵⁵/

(～市) Cenxi (a city in the Guangxi autonomous region, China)


憑祥

/pʰiŋ³⁵ ɕi̯ɑŋ³⁵/

/pʰɐŋ²¹ t͡sʰœːŋ²¹/

/pʰiŋ³⁵ ɕi̯ɑŋ³⁵/

/pʰɐŋ²¹ t͡sʰœːŋ²¹/

(～市) Pingxiang (a city in the Guangxi autonomous region, China)


合山

/xɤ³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/xɤ³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

(～市) Heshan (a city in the Guangxi autonomous region, China)


北流

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ li̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/pɐk̚⁵ lɐu̯²¹/

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ li̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/pɐk̚⁵ lɐu̯²¹/

(～市) Beiliu (a county-level city of Yulin, Guangxi autonomous region, China)


宜州

/i³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/jiː²¹ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/i³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/jiː²¹ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

(～區, formerly ～市) Yizhou (a district and former county-level city of Hechi, Guangxi autonomous region, China)


東興

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ ɕiŋ⁵⁵/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ hɪŋ⁵⁵/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ ɕiŋ⁵⁵/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ hɪŋ⁵⁵/

(～市) Dongxing (a county-level city of Fangchenggang, Guangxi autonomous region, China)

(～鎮) Dongxing (a town in Dongxing, Fangchenggang, Guangxi autonomous region, China)

(～鎮) Dongxing (a town in Jingjiang, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China)


桂平

→ English: Guiping, Kuei-p'ing, Kweiping

/ku̯eɪ̯⁵¹ pʰiŋ³⁵/

/kʷɐi̯³³ pʰɪŋ²¹/

/kui²¹³⁻⁵⁵ pʰeŋ⁵⁵/

/ku̯eɪ̯⁵¹ pʰiŋ³⁵/

/kʷɐi̯³³ pʰɪŋ²¹/

/kui²¹³⁻⁵⁵ pʰeŋ⁵⁵/

(～市) Guiping (a county-level city of Guigang, Guangxi autonomous region, China)


紗帽

/ʂä⁵⁵ mɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/saː⁵⁵ mou̯²²⁻³⁵/

/se⁴⁴⁻²² bo²²/

/sɛ⁴⁴⁻²² bo²²/

/ʂä⁵⁵ mɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/saː⁵⁵ mou̯²²⁻³⁵/

/se⁴⁴⁻²² bo²²/

/sɛ⁴⁴⁻²² bo²²/

(～街道) Shamao (a subdistrict of Hannan district, Wuhan, Hubei, China)


雞西

/t͡ɕi⁵⁵ ɕi⁵⁵/

/kɐi̯⁵⁵ sɐi̯⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕi⁵⁵ ɕi⁵⁵/

/kɐi̯⁵⁵ sɐi̯⁵⁵/

(～市) Jixi (a prefecture-level city of Heilongjiang, China)


鶴崗

/xɤ⁵¹ kɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/hɔːk̚² kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/hoʔ⁴⁻² kaŋ³³/

/xɤ⁵¹ kɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/hɔːk̚² kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/hoʔ⁴⁻² kaŋ³³/

(～市) Hegang (a prefecture-level city of Heilongjiang, China)


雙鴨山

/ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ jä⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/sœːŋ⁵⁵ aːp̚³ saːn⁵⁵/

/ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ jä⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/sœːŋ⁵⁵ aːp̚³ saːn⁵⁵/

(～市) Shuangyashan (a prefecture-level city of Heilongjiang, China)


伊春

/i⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯ən⁵⁵/

/jiː⁵⁵ t͡sʰɵn⁵⁵/

/i⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯ən⁵⁵/

/jiː⁵⁵ t͡sʰɵn⁵⁵/

From the nearby Yichun River (伊春河), which took its name from Mongolian ᠶᠢᠰᠦᠨ (yisün, “nine; relating to nine”); compare Khalkha Mongolian есөн (jösön).

bor

(～市) Yichun (a prefecture-level city of Heilongjiang, China)

(～區) (historical) Yichun (a former district of Yichun City, Heilongjiang, China)


七臺河

/t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵ tʰaɪ̯³⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/t͡sʰɐt̚⁵ tʰɔːi̯²¹ hɔː²¹/

/t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵ tʰaɪ̯³⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/t͡sʰɐt̚⁵ tʰɔːi̯²¹ hɔː²¹/

Sinicisation of Oroqen [Term?] (qi-ta-he / 奇塔河, “firewood house”).

(～市) Qitaihe (a prefecture-level city of Heilongjiang, China)


黑河

/xeɪ̯⁵⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/hɐk̚⁵ hɔː²¹/

/xeɪ̯⁵⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/hɐk̚⁵ hɔː²¹/

(～市) Heihe (a prefecture-level city of Heilongjiang, China)


雙城

/ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/sœːŋ⁵⁵ sɪŋ²¹/

/ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/sœːŋ⁵⁵ sɪŋ²¹/

(～區, formerly ～市) Shuangcheng (a district of Harbin, Heilongjiang, China)


納河

(～市) Nahe (a city in Heilongjiang, China)


虎林

/xu²¹⁴⁻²¹ lin³⁵/

/fuː³⁵ lɐm²¹/

/xu²¹⁴⁻²¹ lin³⁵/

/fuː³⁵ lɐm²¹/

From the nearby river 七虎林河, from Manchu ᡴᡳᠯᠠᡥᡡᠨ (kilahūn, “Laridae”) (or its variant).

(～市) Hulin (a county-level city of Jixi, Heilongjiang, China)


密山

/mi⁵¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

/mi⁵¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

(～市) Mishan (a county-level city of Jixi, Heilongjiang, China)


鐵力

/tʰi̯ɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹ li⁵¹/

/tʰi̯ɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹ li⁵¹/

(～市) Tieli (a city in Heilongjiang, China)


同江

/tʰʊŋ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/tʰʊŋ²¹ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/tʰʊŋ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/tʰʊŋ²¹ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

(～市) Tongjiang (a city in Heilongjiang, China)


富錦

/fu⁵¹ t͡ɕin²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/fuː³³ kɐm³⁵/

/hu²¹⁻⁵³ kim⁵³/

/hu⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ kim⁵⁵⁴/

/hu²¹⁻⁵³ kim⁵³/

/hu¹¹⁻⁵³ kim⁵³/

/hu²¹⁻⁴¹ kim⁴¹/

/fu⁵¹ t͡ɕin²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/fuː³³ kɐm³⁵/

/hu²¹⁻⁵³ kim⁵³/

/hu⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ kim⁵⁵⁴/

/hu²¹⁻⁵³ kim⁵³/

/hu¹¹⁻⁵³ kim⁵³/

/hu²¹⁻⁴¹ kim⁴¹/

(～市) Fujin (a city in Heilongjiang, China)


綏芬河

→ English: Sui-fen-ho, Suifenhe

/su̯eɪ̯³⁵ fən⁵⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/su̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ fən⁵⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/sɵy̯⁵⁵ fɐn⁵⁵ hɔː²¹/

/su̯eɪ̯³⁵ fən⁵⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/su̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ fən⁵⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/sɵy̯⁵⁵ fɐn⁵⁵ hɔː²¹/

From Manchu ᠰᡠᡳᡶᡠᠨ (suifun, “awl”) + 河 (hé, “river”), used since the Qing dynasty. Earlier names include 蘇濱水／苏滨水 attested in the History of Jin [1344].

Suifen River, Razdolnaya River (a river in China and Russia)

(～市) Suifenhe (a county-level city of Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang, China)


海林

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ lin³⁵/

/hɔːi̯³⁵ lɐm²¹/

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ lin³⁵/

/hɔːi̯³⁵ lɐm²¹/

(～市) Hailin (a city in Heilongjiang, China)


北安

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ˀän⁵⁵/

/pɐk̚⁵ ɔːn⁵⁵/

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ˀän⁵⁵/

/pɐk̚⁵ ɔːn⁵⁵/

(～市) Bei'an (a city in Heilongjiang, China)


五大連池

ㄨˇ ㄉㄚˋ ㄌㄧㄢˊ ㄔˊ

ㄨˇ ㄉㄚˋ ㄌㄧㄢˊ ㄔˊ

/u²¹⁴⁻²¹ tä⁵¹ li̯ɛn³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩³⁵/

/ŋ̍¹³ taːi̯²² liːn²¹ t͡sʰiː²¹/

/u²¹⁴⁻²¹ tä⁵¹ li̯ɛn³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩³⁵/

/ŋ̍¹³ taːi̯²² liːn²¹ t͡sʰiː²¹/

(～市) Wudalianchi (a county-level city of Heihe, Heilongjiang, China)


肇東

/ʈ͡ʂɑʊ̯⁵¹ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂɑʊ̯⁵¹ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

(～市) Zhaodong (a city in Heilongjiang, China)


海倫

Borrowed from Manchu ᡥᠠᡳᠯᡠᠨ (hailun, “otter”).

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ lu̯ən³⁵/

/hɔːi̯³⁵ lɵn²¹/

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ lu̯ən³⁵/

/hɔːi̯³⁵ lɵn²¹/

(～市) Hailun (a county-level city of Suihua, Heilongjiang, China)


寧安

/niŋ³⁵ ˀän⁵⁵/

/nɪŋ²¹ ɔːn⁵⁵/

/niŋ³⁵ ˀän⁵⁵/

/nɪŋ²¹ ɔːn⁵⁵/

(～市) Ning'an (a city in Heilongjiang, China); formerly also known as Ningguta or Ninguta


熱火

/ʐɤ⁵¹ xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʐɤ⁵¹ xu̯ɔ¹/

/jiːt̚² fɔː³⁵/

/t͡sɛʔ⁴⁻²¹ hɒ⁴⁵³/

/t͡sɛʔ⁴⁻² hɒ³³²/

/liɛt̚²⁴⁻² hə⁵⁵⁴/

/liɛt̚⁴⁻³² hue⁵³/

/liɛt̚⁴⁻³² he⁵³/

/ziɛt̚⁴⁻³² hue⁴¹/

/d͡ziɛt̚¹²¹⁻²¹ hue⁵³/

/ʐɤ⁵¹ xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʐɤ⁵¹ xu̯ɔ¹/

/jiːt̚² fɔː³⁵/

/t͡sɛʔ⁴⁻²¹ hɒ⁴⁵³/

/t͡sɛʔ⁴⁻² hɒ³³²/

/liɛt̚²⁴⁻² hə⁵⁵⁴/

/liɛt̚⁴⁻³² hue⁵³/

/liɛt̚⁴⁻³² he⁵³/

/ziɛt̚⁴⁻³² hue⁴¹/

/d͡ziɛt̚¹²¹⁻²¹ hue⁵³/

/ʐɤ⁵¹ xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʐɤ⁵¹ xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/jiːt̚² fɔː³⁵/

/liɛt̚²⁴⁻² hə⁵⁵⁴/

/liɛt̚⁴⁻³² hue⁵³/

/liɛt̚⁴⁻³² he⁵³/

/ziɛt̚⁴⁻³² hue⁴¹/

/d͡ziɛt̚¹²¹⁻²¹ hue⁵³/

(～村) Rehuo (a village in Chengbei, Yingcheng, Xiaogan, Hubei, China)


金牛

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ ni̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/kɐm⁵⁵ ŋɐu̯²¹/

/kim⁴⁴⁻²² ɡu²⁴/

/kim⁴⁴⁻²² ɡu¹³/

/kim⁴⁴⁻³³ ɡu²⁴/

/kim⁴⁴⁻³³ ɡu²³/

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ ni̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/kɐm⁵⁵ ŋɐu̯²¹/

/kim⁴⁴⁻²² ɡu²⁴/

/kim⁴⁴⁻²² ɡu¹³/

/kim⁴⁴⁻³³ ɡu²⁴/

/kim⁴⁴⁻³³ ɡu²³/

(～區) Jinniu (a district of Chengdu, Sichuan, China)

(～鎮) Jinniu (a town in Qing, Hebei, China)


石壁

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ pi⁵¹/

/sɛːk̚² pɪk̚⁵/

/t͡sio(ʔ)¹²¹⁻²¹ piaʔ³²/

/t͡siɤ(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ piaʔ³²/

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ pi⁵¹/

/sɛːk̚² pɪk̚⁵/

/t͡sio(ʔ)¹²¹⁻²¹ piaʔ³²/

/t͡siɤ(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ piaʔ³²/

(～鎮) Shibi (a town in Ninghua, Sanming, Fujian, China)

(～鎮) Shibi (a town in Qionghai, Hainan, China)


雷公

/leɪ̯³⁵ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

/lɵy̯²¹ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

/lui²² kɵŋ³³/

/lui⁴² kʊŋ³³/

/luɪ¹¹ kʊŋ⁴⁴/

/so³³ kɔŋ⁵⁴/

/l̃ai⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾uŋ⁵⁵/

/lui¹³⁻¹¹ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ɒŋ⁵³³/

/lui²⁴⁻²¹ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ɒŋ⁵⁴⁴/

/lui²³⁻³³ kɔŋ⁴⁴/

/lui²⁴⁻¹¹ kɔŋ⁴⁴/

/lui²⁴⁻²² kɔŋ³³/

/lui¹³⁻²² kɔŋ⁴⁴/

/lui²⁴⁻²² kɔŋ⁴⁴/

/lui⁵⁵⁻¹¹ koŋ³³/

/leɪ̯³⁵ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

/lɵy̯²¹ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

/lui²² kɵŋ³³/

/lui⁴² kʊŋ³³/

/luɪ¹¹ kʊŋ⁴⁴/

/so³³ kɔŋ⁵⁴/

/l̃ai⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾uŋ⁵⁵/

/lui¹³⁻¹¹ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ɒŋ⁵³³/

/lui²⁴⁻²¹ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ɒŋ⁵⁴⁴/

/lui²³⁻³³ kɔŋ⁴⁴/

/lui²⁴⁻¹¹ kɔŋ⁴⁴/

/lui²⁴⁻²² kɔŋ³³/

/lui¹³⁻²² kɔŋ⁴⁴/

/lui²⁴⁻²² kɔŋ⁴⁴/

/lui⁵⁵⁻¹¹ koŋ³³/

(～鎮) Leigong (a town in Anlu, Xiaogan, Hubei, China)


平順

/pʰiŋ³⁵ ʂu̯ən⁵¹/

/pʰɪŋ²¹ sɵn²²/

/piɪŋ²⁴⁻²² sun²²/

/piɪŋ²⁴⁻²² sun⁴¹/

/piɪŋ¹³⁻²² sun²²/

/piɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ sun³³/

/piɪŋ²³⁻³³ sun³³/

/pʰiŋ³⁵ ʂu̯ən⁵¹/

/pʰɪŋ²¹ sɵn²²/

/piɪŋ²⁴⁻²² sun²²/

/piɪŋ²⁴⁻²² sun⁴¹/

/piɪŋ¹³⁻²² sun²²/

/piɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ sun³³/

/piɪŋ²³⁻³³ sun³³/

(～縣) Pingshun (a county of Changzhi, Shanxi, China)


普渡

/pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ tu⁵¹/

/pʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tɔ²²/

/pʰɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tɔ⁴¹/

/pʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tɔ²²/

/pʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tɔ³³/

/pʰɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tɔ³³/

/pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ tu⁵¹/

/pʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tɔ²²/

/pʰɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tɔ⁴¹/

/pʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tɔ²²/

/pʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tɔ³³/

/pʰɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tɔ³³/

(～河) Pudu River (a river in Yunnan, China)


河底

/xɤ³⁵ ti²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/hɔː²¹ tɐi̯³⁵/

/ho²⁴⁻²² te⁵³/

/ho²⁴⁻²² tue⁵³/

/ho²⁴⁻²² te⁵⁵⁴/

/ho²⁴⁻²² tue⁵⁵⁴/

/ho¹³⁻²² te⁵³/

/ho¹³⁻²² tue⁵³/

/ho²⁴⁻¹¹ te⁵³/

/ho²⁴⁻¹¹ tue⁵³/

/hɤ²³⁻³³ te⁴¹/

/hɤ²³⁻³³ tue⁴¹/

/xɤ³⁵ ti²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/hɔː²¹ tɐi̯³⁵/

/ho²⁴⁻²² te⁵³/

/ho²⁴⁻²² tue⁵³/

/ho²⁴⁻²² te⁵⁵⁴/

/ho²⁴⁻²² tue⁵⁵⁴/

/ho¹³⁻²² te⁵³/

/ho¹³⁻²² tue⁵³/

/ho²⁴⁻¹¹ te⁵³/

/ho²⁴⁻¹¹ tue⁵³/

/hɤ²³⁻³³ te⁴¹/

/hɤ²³⁻³³ tue⁴¹/

(～鎮) Hedi (a town in Luoning, Luoyang, Henan, China)

(～村) Hedi (a village in Hedi, Luoning, Luoyang, Henan, China)


故城

/ku⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/kuː³³ sɪŋ²¹/

/ku⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/kuː³³ sɪŋ²¹/

(～縣) Gucheng (a county of Hengshui, Hebei, China)


本溪

→ English: Benxi, Pen-ch'i, Pen-hsi

/pən²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi⁵⁵/

/puːn³⁵ kʰɐi̯⁵⁵/

/pən²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi⁵⁵/

/puːn³⁵ kʰɐi̯⁵⁵/

(～市) Benxi (a prefecture-level city of Liaoning, China)


佛山

/fu̯ɔ³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/huk̚⁴⁻² sũã³³/

/fu̯ɔ³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/huk̚⁴⁻² sũã³³/

(～市) Foshan (a large prefecture-level city of Guangdong, in southeast China)


朝歌

/ʈ͡ʂɑʊ̯⁵⁵ kɤ⁵⁵/

/t͡siːu̯⁵⁵ kɔː⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂɑʊ̯⁵⁵ kɤ⁵⁵/

/t͡siːu̯⁵⁵ kɔː⁵⁵/

(～街道) Zhaoge (a subdistrict of Qi County, Hebi, Hunan, China)


茅臺

→ English: Moutai, Maotai

→ Russian: маотай (maotaj)

/mɑʊ̯³⁵ tʰaɪ̯³⁵/

/maːu̯²¹ tʰɔːi̯²¹/

/mãu²⁴⁻²² tai²⁴/

/mãu¹³⁻²² tai¹³/

/mɑʊ̯³⁵ tʰaɪ̯³⁵/

/maːu̯²¹ tʰɔːi̯²¹/

/mãu²⁴⁻²² tai²⁴/

/mãu¹³⁻²² tai¹³/

(～鎮) Maotai Town (a town in Renhuai, Guizhou, China)


松柏

/sʊŋ⁵⁵ paɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sʊŋ⁵⁵ pu̯ɔ³⁵/

/t͡sʰʊŋ²¹ pʰaːk̚³/

/ɬœŋ¹³⁻⁴² ⁽ᵖ⁻⁾ma¹¹/

/ɬyøŋ²⁴⁻⁴² ⁽ᵖ⁻⁾ma²¹/

/t͡siɪŋ²⁴⁻²² peʔ⁵/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ peʔ³²/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ²³⁻³³ peʔ³²/

/seŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ peʔ²/

/sʊŋ⁵⁵ paɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sʊŋ⁵⁵ pu̯ɔ³⁵/

/t͡sʰʊŋ²¹ pʰaːk̚³/

/ɬœŋ¹³⁻⁴² ⁽ᵖ⁻⁾ma¹¹/

/ɬyøŋ²⁴⁻⁴² ⁽ᵖ⁻⁾ma²¹/

/t͡siɪŋ²⁴⁻²² peʔ⁵/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ peʔ³²/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ²³⁻³³ peʔ³²/

/seŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ peʔ²/

(～鎮) Songbai (a town in Shennongjia, Hubei, China)

(～村) Songbai (a village in Songbai, Shennongjia, Hubei, China)


人和

/ʐən³⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/jɐn²¹ wɔː²¹⁻³⁵/

/ʐən³⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/jɐn²¹ wɔː²¹⁻³⁵/

(～鎮) Renhe (a town in Baiyun district, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China)


安家

/ˀän⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵/

/ɔːn⁵⁵ kaː⁵⁵/

/an⁴⁴⁻³³ ka⁴⁴/

/an⁴⁴⁻²² ka⁴⁴/

/an⁴⁴⁻²² kɛ⁴⁴/

/ˀän⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵/

/ɔːn⁵⁵ kaː⁵⁵/

/an⁴⁴⁻³³ ka⁴⁴/

/an⁴⁴⁻²² ka⁴⁴/

/an⁴⁴⁻²² kɛ⁴⁴/

(～鄉) Anjia (a township in Yunxi, Shiyan, Hubei, China)


合力

/hɐp̚² lɪk̚²/

/hap̚¹²¹⁻²¹ liɪk̚¹²¹/

/hap̚⁴⁻³² liɪk̚⁴/

/hɐp̚² lɪk̚²/

/hap̚¹²¹⁻²¹ liɪk̚¹²¹/

/hap̚⁴⁻³² liɪk̚⁴/

(～村) Heli (a village in Dongjin, Xiangzhou district, Xiangyang, Hubei, China)

(～村) Heli (a village in Zhonglu, Lichuan, Enshi prefecture, Hubei, China)


康樂

/kʰɑŋ⁵⁵ lɤ⁵¹/

/hɔːŋ⁵⁵ lɔːk̚²/

/kʰoŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ lok̚⁵/

/kʰɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² lɔk̚⁴/

/kʰɔŋ³³ lɔk̚²⁴/

/kʰɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² lɔk̚¹²¹/

/kʰɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ lɔk̚⁴/

/kʰɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ lɔk̚⁴/

/kʰɑŋ⁵⁵ lɤ⁵¹/

/hɔːŋ⁵⁵ lɔːk̚²/

/kʰoŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ lok̚⁵/

/kʰɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² lɔk̚⁴/

/kʰɔŋ³³ lɔk̚²⁴/

/kʰɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² lɔk̚¹²¹/

/kʰɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ lɔk̚⁴/

/kʰɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ lɔk̚⁴/

(～縣) Kangle (a county of Linxia prefecture, Gansu, China)

(～鎮) Kangle (a town in Fengjie, Chongqing, China)


城隍

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (城隍):
* → Korean: 성황(城隍) (seonghwang)
* → Vietnamese: thành hoàng (城隍)

/ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵ xu̯ɑŋ³⁵/

/sɪŋ²¹ wɔːŋ²¹/

/saŋ¹¹ voŋ¹¹/

/siɪŋ¹³⁻²² hɔŋ¹³/

/siɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ hɔŋ²⁴/

/siɪŋ²³⁻³³ hɔŋ²³/

/siɪŋ²⁴⁻²² hɔŋ²⁴/

/siã¹³⁻²² hɔŋ¹³/

/siã²⁴⁻²² hɔŋ²⁴/

/sĩã⁵⁵⁻¹¹ ŋ⁵⁵/

/sĩã⁵⁵⁻¹¹ hŋ⁵⁵/

/zən²² ɦuɑ̃⁴⁴/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵ xu̯ɑŋ³⁵/

/sɪŋ²¹ wɔːŋ²¹/

/saŋ¹¹ voŋ¹¹/

/siɪŋ¹³⁻²² hɔŋ¹³/

/siɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ hɔŋ²⁴/

/siɪŋ²³⁻³³ hɔŋ²³/

/siɪŋ²⁴⁻²² hɔŋ²⁴/

/siã¹³⁻²² hɔŋ¹³/

/siã²⁴⁻²² hɔŋ²⁴/

/sĩã⁵⁵⁻¹¹ ŋ⁵⁵/

/sĩã⁵⁵⁻¹¹ hŋ⁵⁵/

/zən²² ɦuɑ̃⁴⁴/

(～鎮) Chenghuang (a town in Hanchuan, Xiaogan, Hubei, China)


閘口

/ʈ͡ʂä³⁵ kʰoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡saːp̚² hɐu̯³⁵/

/t͡saʔ⁴⁻² kʰau⁵²/

/zaʔ¹¹ kʰɤ²³/

/ʈ͡ʂä³⁵ kʰoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡saːp̚² hɐu̯³⁵/

/t͡saʔ⁴⁻² kʰau⁵²/

/zaʔ¹¹ kʰɤ²³/

(～鎮) Zhakou (a town in Gong'an, Jingzhou, Hubei, China)


湯池

/tʰɑŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩³⁵/

/tʰɔːŋ⁵⁵ t͡sʰiː²¹/

/tʰouŋ⁵⁵ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾nie⁵³/

/tʰŋ̍⁴⁴⁻²² ti²⁴/

/tʰŋ̍³³ ti²⁴/

/tʰŋ̍⁴⁴⁻²² ti¹³/

/tʰŋ̍⁴⁴⁻³³ ti²⁴/

/tʰŋ̍⁴⁴⁻³³ ti²³/

/tʰɑŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩³⁵/

/tʰɔːŋ⁵⁵ t͡sʰiː²¹/

/tʰouŋ⁵⁵ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾nie⁵³/

/tʰŋ̍⁴⁴⁻²² ti²⁴/

/tʰŋ̍³³ ti²⁴/

/tʰŋ̍⁴⁴⁻²² ti¹³/

/tʰŋ̍⁴⁴⁻³³ ti²⁴/

/tʰŋ̍⁴⁴⁻³³ ti²³/

(～鎮) Tangchi (a town in Yingcheng, Xiaogan, Hubei, China)


洱海

/ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/jiː¹³ hɔːi̯³⁵/

/ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/jiː¹³ hɔːi̯³⁵/


南河

/nän³⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/naːm²¹ hɔː²¹/

/nän³⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/naːm²¹ hɔː²¹/

(～鎮) Nanhe (a town in Gucheng, Xiangyang, Hubei, China)

(～鎮) Nanhe (a town in Yingshan, Huanggang, Hubei, China)

(～鎮, formerly ～鄉) Nanhe (a town in Xiangshui, Yancheng, Jiangsu, China, formerly a township)

(～鄉) Nanhe (a township in Hanchuan, Xiaogan, Hubei, China)


水塔

/ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ tʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sɵy̯³⁵ tʰaːp̚³/

/ʃui²⁴⁻³³ tʰap⁵/

/t͡sui⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tʰaʔ³²/

/t͡sui⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tʰaʔ⁵/

/t͡sui⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tʰaʔ³²/

/t͡sui⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tʰaʔ³²/

/t͡sui⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tʰaʔ³²/

/ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ tʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sɵy̯³⁵ tʰaːp̚³/

/ʃui²⁴⁻³³ tʰap⁵/

/t͡sui⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tʰaʔ³²/

/t͡sui⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tʰaʔ⁵/

/t͡sui⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tʰaʔ³²/

/t͡sui⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tʰaʔ³²/

/t͡sui⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tʰaʔ³²/

(～街道) Shuita (a subdistrict of Jianghan district, Wuhan, Hubei, China)


珠海

/ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡syː⁵⁵ hɔːi̯³⁵/

/t͡si²¹ hᵘɔi⁵⁵/

/t͡su⁴⁴⁻³⁵ hoɪ³¹/

/t͡su⁴⁴⁻²² hai⁵³/

/t͡su⁴⁴⁻²² hai⁵³/

/t͡su⁴⁴⁻³³ hai⁵³/

/t͡su⁴⁴⁻³³ hai⁴¹/

/t͡su³³⁻²³ hai⁵²/

/ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡syː⁵⁵ hɔːi̯³⁵/

/t͡si²¹ hᵘɔi⁵⁵/

/t͡su⁴⁴⁻³⁵ hoɪ³¹/

/t͡su⁴⁴⁻²² hai⁵³/

/t͡su⁴⁴⁻²² hai⁵³/

/t͡su⁴⁴⁻³³ hai⁵³/

/t͡su⁴⁴⁻³³ hai⁴¹/

/t͡su³³⁻²³ hai⁵²/

(～市, formerly ～縣) Zhuhai (a prefecture-level city and former county of Guangdong, China)


平果

/pʰiŋ³⁵ ku̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pʰɪŋ²¹ kʷɔː³⁵/

/pʰiŋ³⁵ ku̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pʰɪŋ²¹ kʷɔː³⁵/

(～市, formerly ～縣) Pingguo (a county-level city and former county of Baise, Guangxi autonomous region, China)


白鶴

/paɪ̯³⁵ xɤ⁵¹/

/paːk̚² hɔːk̚²⁻³⁵/

/pe(ʔ)²⁴⁻² hoʔ²⁴/

/pe(ʔ)¹²¹⁻²¹ hoʔ¹²¹/

/pe(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ hɤʔ⁴/

/paɪ̯³⁵ xɤ⁵¹/

/paːk̚² hɔːk̚²⁻³⁵/

/pe(ʔ)²⁴⁻² hoʔ²⁴/

/pe(ʔ)¹²¹⁻²¹ hoʔ¹²¹/

/pe(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ hɤʔ⁴/

(～街道) Baihe (a subdistrict of Kaizhou district, Chongqing, China)

(～鎮) Baihe (a town in Fang, Shiyan, Hubei, China)


洪洞

→ English: Hongtong

/xʊŋ³⁵ tʰʊŋ³⁵/

/hʊŋ²¹ tʰʊŋ²¹/

/xʊŋ³⁵ tʰʊŋ³⁵/

/hʊŋ²¹ tʰʊŋ²¹/

(～縣) Hongtong (a county of Linfen, Shanxi, China)


陽江

→ English: Yangjiang, Yeungkong

/jɑŋ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/jœːŋ²¹ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/jiaŋ²² kɔŋ³³/

/jɑŋ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/jœːŋ²¹ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/jiaŋ²² kɔŋ³³/

From 漠陽江, the river flowing through the city.

(～市) Yangjiang (a prefecture-level city of Guangdong, China)


直隸

→ English: Zhili, Chihli

→ Manchu: ᡷᡳᠯᡳ (jyli)

/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩³⁵ li⁵¹/

/t͡sɪk̚² tɐi̯²²/

/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩³⁵ li⁵¹/

/t͡sɪk̚² tɐi̯²²/

(historical) (～省) Zhili (a former province in northern China from 14th-century Ming Dynasty until 1928, approximately modern-day Hebei, notably containing the city of Beijing)


樂業

/lɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ jɛ⁵¹/

/lɔːk̚² jiːp̚²/

/ŋaːu̯²² jiːp̚²/

/lɔk̚⁴⁻³² ɡiap̚⁴/

/lɔk̚²⁴⁻² ɡiap̚²⁴/

/lɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ ɡiap̚¹²¹/

/lɔk̚⁴⁻³² ɡiap̚⁴/

/lɔk̚⁴⁻³² ɡiap̚⁴/

/lɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ jɛ⁵¹/

/lɔːk̚² jiːp̚²/

/ŋaːu̯²² jiːp̚²/

/lɔk̚⁴⁻³² ɡiap̚⁴/

/lɔk̚²⁴⁻² ɡiap̚²⁴/

/lɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ ɡiap̚¹²¹/

/lɔk̚⁴⁻³² ɡiap̚⁴/

/lɔk̚⁴⁻³² ɡiap̚⁴/

(～縣) Leye (a county of Baise, Guangxi autonomous region, China)

(～鎮) Leye (a town in Songbei district, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China)


屯溪

/tʰu̯ən³⁵ ɕi⁵⁵/

/tʰyːn²¹ kʰɐi̯⁵⁵/

/tʰu̯ən³⁵ ɕi⁵⁵/

/tʰyːn²¹ kʰɐi̯⁵⁵/

(～區) Tunxi (a district of Huangshan, Anhui, China)


樓蘭

/loʊ̯³⁵ län³⁵/

/lɐu̯²¹ laːn²¹/

/loʊ̯³⁵ län³⁵/

/lɐu̯²¹ laːn²¹/

From a name in the native language of the kingdom, possibly of the shape *Kro-ran. Compare Modern Uyghur كروران (kroran, “Loulan”), Russian Крорайна (Krorajna).
First attested in the Records of the Grand Historian.

(～國) Loulan Kingdom (an ancient kingdom in western China)

(～社區) Loulan (a residential community in Ruoqiang, Ruoqiang, Bayingolin prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


解州

/ɕi̯ɛ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/xaɪ̯⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/ɕi̯ɛ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/xaɪ̯⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

(historical) Xiezhou, Haizhou (a prefecture in modern-day Shanxi, China)

(～鎮) Xiezhou, Haizhou (a town in Yanhu district, Yuncheng, Shanxi, China)


樂亭

→ English: Laoting, Loting

/lɑʊ̯⁵¹ tʰiŋ³⁵/

/lɤ⁵¹ tʰiŋ³⁵/

/lɔːk̚³ tʰɪŋ²¹/

/lɔːk̚² tʰɪŋ²¹/

/lɑʊ̯⁵¹ tʰiŋ³⁵/

/lɤ⁵¹ tʰiŋ³⁵/

/lɔːk̚³ tʰɪŋ²¹/

/lɔːk̚² tʰɪŋ²¹/

(～縣) Laoting (a county of Tangshan, Hebei, China)


河溝

/xɤ³⁵ koʊ̯⁵⁵/

/hɔː²¹ kʰɐu̯⁵⁵/

/ho²⁴⁻²² kau³³/

/ho¹³⁻²² kau⁴⁴/

/ho²⁴⁻²² kau⁴⁴/

/xɤ³⁵ koʊ̯⁵⁵/

/hɔː²¹ kʰɐu̯⁵⁵/

/ho²⁴⁻²² kau³³/

/ho¹³⁻²² kau⁴⁴/

/ho²⁴⁻²² kau⁴⁴/

(～村) Hegou (a village in Dongsong, Luoning, Luoyang, Henan, China)


懷柔

/xu̯aɪ̯³⁵ ʐoʊ̯³⁵/

/waːi̯²¹ jɐu̯²¹/

/xu̯aɪ̯³⁵ ʐoʊ̯³⁵/

/waːi̯²¹ jɐu̯²¹/

(～區, formerly ～縣) Huairou (a district and former county of Beijing, China)


咸豐

/ɕi̯ɛn³⁵ fɤŋ⁵⁵/

/haːm²¹ fʊŋ⁵⁵/

/ham²⁴⁻²² hɔŋ⁴⁴/

/ham²⁴⁻²² hɔŋ³³/

/ham¹³⁻²² hɔŋ⁴⁴/

/ham²⁴⁻¹¹ hɔŋ⁴⁴/

/ham²³⁻³³ hɔŋ⁴⁴/

/ham⁵⁵⁻¹¹ hoŋ³³/

/ɕi̯ɛn³⁵ fɤŋ⁵⁵/

/haːm²¹ fʊŋ⁵⁵/

/ham²⁴⁻²² hɔŋ⁴⁴/

/ham²⁴⁻²² hɔŋ³³/

/ham¹³⁻²² hɔŋ⁴⁴/

/ham²⁴⁻¹¹ hɔŋ⁴⁴/

/ham²³⁻³³ hɔŋ⁴⁴/

/ham⁵⁵⁻¹¹ hoŋ³³/

See also Manchu ᡤᡠᠪᠴᡳ
ᡝᠯᡤᡳᠶᡝᠩᡤᡝ (gubci elgiyengge).

m+

ᡤᡠᠪᠴᡳ ᡝᠯᡤᡳᠶᡝᠩᡤᡝ

(～縣) Xianfeng (a county of Enshi prefecture, Hubei, China)


承德

/ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵ tɤ³⁵/

/sɪŋ²¹ tɐk̚⁵/

/siɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ tiɪk̚³²/

/siɪŋ²³⁻³³ tiɪk̚³²/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵ tɤ³⁵/

/sɪŋ²¹ tɐk̚⁵/

/siɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ tiɪk̚³²/

/siɪŋ²³⁻³³ tiɪk̚³²/

(～市) Chengde (a prefecture-level city of Hebei, China)

(～縣) Chengde (a county of Chengde City, Hebei, China)


衡水

/xɤŋ³⁵ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/hɐŋ²¹ sɵy̯³⁵/

/xɤŋ³⁵ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/hɐŋ²¹ sɵy̯³⁵/

(～市) Hengshui (a prefecture-level city of Hebei, China)


朔州

/ʂu̯ɔ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/sɔːk̚³ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/sɔk̚³²⁻⁴ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/sɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ t͡siu³³/

/sɔk̚³²⁻⁵ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/sɔk̚³²⁻⁴ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/sɔk̚³²⁻⁴ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/ʂu̯ɔ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/sɔːk̚³ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/sɔk̚³²⁻⁴ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/sɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ t͡siu³³/

/sɔk̚³²⁻⁵ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/sɔk̚³²⁻⁴ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/sɔk̚³²⁻⁴ t͡siu⁴⁴/

(～市) Shuozhou (a prefecture-level city of Shanxi, China)


忻州

/ɕin⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/jɐn⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/hiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/hiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/hiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/hiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/ɕin⁵⁵ t͡sɤ²¹/

/ɕin⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/jɐn⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/hiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/hiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/hiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/hiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/ɕin⁵⁵ t͡sɤ²¹/

(～市) Xinzhou (a prefecture-level city of Shanxi, China)


陽泉

/jɑŋ³⁵ t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn³⁵/

/jœːŋ²¹ t͡sʰyːn²¹/

/jɑŋ³⁵ t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn³⁵/

/jœːŋ²¹ t͡sʰyːn²¹/

(～市) Yangquan (a prefecture-level city of Shanxi, China)


長治

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/t͡sʰœːŋ²¹ t͡siː²²/

/t͡sʰoŋ¹¹ t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵/

/tiɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ti²²/

/tiɔŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ ti⁴¹/

/tiɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ti²²/

/tiɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ti³³/

/tiɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ti³³/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/t͡sʰœːŋ²¹ t͡siː²²/

/t͡sʰoŋ¹¹ t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵/

/tiɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ti²²/

/tiɔŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ ti⁴¹/

/tiɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ti²²/

/tiɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ti³³/

/tiɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ti³³/

(～市) Changzhi (a prefecture-level city of Shanxi, China)

(～縣) (historical) Changzhi (a former county of the prefecture-level city of Changzhi, Shanxi, China; modern Shangdang District)


晉城

/t͡ɕin⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/t͡sɵn³³ sɪŋ²¹/

/t͡ɕin⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/t͡sɵn³³ sɪŋ²¹/

(～市) Jincheng (a prefecture-level city of Shanxi, China)


運城

/yn⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/wɐn²² sɪŋ²¹/

/yn⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/wɐn²² sɪŋ²¹/

(～市) Yuncheng (a prefecture-level city of Shanxi, China)


晉中

/t͡ɕin⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sɵn³³ t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕin⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sɵn³³ t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵/

(～市) Jinzhong (a prefecture-level city of Shanxi, China)


阜新

/fɐu̯²² sɐn⁵⁵/

/fɐu̯²² sɐn⁵⁵/

(～市) Fuxin (a prefecture-level city of Liaoning, China)


遼陽

/li̯ɑʊ̯³⁵ jɑŋ³⁵/

/liːu̯²¹ jœːŋ²¹/

/li̯ɑʊ̯³⁵ jɑŋ³⁵/

/liːu̯²¹ jœːŋ²¹/

(～市) Liaoyang (a prefecture-level city of Liaoning, China)


盤錦

/pʰän³⁵ t͡ɕin²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pʰuːn²¹ kɐm³⁵/

/pʰän³⁵ t͡ɕin²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pʰuːn²¹ kɐm³⁵/

(～市) Panjin (a prefecture-level city of Liaoning, China)


四平

/sz̩⁵¹ pʰiŋ³⁵/

/sei̯³³ pʰɪŋ²¹/

/sz̩⁵¹ pʰiŋ³⁵/

/sei̯³³ pʰɪŋ²¹/

From Manchu [Term?] (“awl”) (compare ᠰᡠᡳᡶᡠᠨ (suifun), ᠰᡠᡳᡥᠣᠨ (suihon, “awl”)), in reference to the small and gently flowing Tiaozi River in the area.

(～市) Siping (a prefecture-level city of Jilin, China)


遼源

/li̯ɑʊ̯³⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

/li̯ɑʊ̯³⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

(～市) Liaoyuan (a prefecture-level city of Jilin, China)


通化

/tʰʊŋ⁵⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹/

/tʰʊŋ⁵⁵ faː³³/

/tʰɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² hua²¹/

/tʰɔŋ³³ hua⁴¹/

/tʰɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² hua²¹/

/tʰɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ hua¹¹/

/tʰɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ hua²¹/

/tʰʊŋ⁵⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹/

/tʰʊŋ⁵⁵ faː³³/

/tʰɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² hua²¹/

/tʰɔŋ³³ hua⁴¹/

/tʰɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² hua²¹/

/tʰɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ hua¹¹/

/tʰɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ hua²¹/

(～市) Tonghua (a prefecture-level city of Jilin, China)

(～縣) Tonghua (a county of Tonghua City, Jilin, China)


白山

/paɪ̯³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/paɪ̯³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

(～市) Baishan (a prefecture-level city of Jilin, China)


白城

/paɪ̯³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/paːk̚² sɪŋ²¹/

/paɪ̯³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/paːk̚² sɪŋ²¹/

(～市) Baicheng (a prefecture-level city of Jilin, China)


湖州

/xu³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/wuː²¹ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/ɔ²⁴⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/ɔ²⁴⁻²² t͡siu³³/

/ɔ¹³⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/ɔ²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/ɔ²³⁻³³ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/ɦu²² t͡sɤ⁴⁴/

/xu³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/wuː²¹ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/ɔ²⁴⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/ɔ²⁴⁻²² t͡siu³³/

/ɔ¹³⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/ɔ²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/ɔ²³⁻³³ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/ɦu²² t͡sɤ⁴⁴/

(～市) Huzhou (a prefecture-level city of Zhejiang, China)


衢州

→ English: Ch'ü-chou, Quzhou

/t͡ɕʰy³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/kʰɵy̯²¹ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/ku²⁴⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/ku²⁴⁻²² t͡siu³³/

/ku¹³⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/ku²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/ku²³⁻³³ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/d͡ʑy²² t͡sɤ⁴⁴/

/t͡ɕʰy³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/kʰɵy̯²¹ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/ku²⁴⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/ku²⁴⁻²² t͡siu³³/

/ku¹³⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/ku²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/ku²³⁻³³ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/d͡ʑy²² t͡sɤ⁴⁴/

(～市) Quzhou (a prefecture-level city of Zhejiang, China)


馬鞍山

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ ˀän⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/maː¹³ ɔːn⁵⁵ saːn⁵⁵/

/ma³³⁻²¹ aŋ⁵⁵ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾naŋ⁵⁵/

/be⁵³⁻⁴⁴ uã⁴⁴⁻²² suã⁴⁴/

/be⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ uã³³ suã³³/

/be⁵³⁻⁴⁴ uã⁴⁴⁻²² suã⁴⁴/

/be⁵³⁻⁴⁴ uã⁴⁴⁻³³ suã⁴⁴/

/be⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ uã⁴⁴⁻³³ suã⁴⁴/

/mo²² ø⁵⁵ se²¹/

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ ˀän⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/maː¹³ ɔːn⁵⁵ saːn⁵⁵/

/ma³³⁻²¹ aŋ⁵⁵ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾naŋ⁵⁵/

/be⁵³⁻⁴⁴ uã⁴⁴⁻²² suã⁴⁴/

/be⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ uã³³ suã³³/

/be⁵³⁻⁴⁴ uã⁴⁴⁻²² suã⁴⁴/

/be⁵³⁻⁴⁴ uã⁴⁴⁻³³ suã⁴⁴/

/be⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ uã⁴⁴⁻³³ suã⁴⁴/

/mo²² ø⁵⁵ se²¹/

(～市) Ma'anshan (a prefecture-level city of Anhui, China)


麗水

→ English: Lishui, Li-shui

/li³⁵ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/li⁵¹ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lɐi̯²² sɵy̯³⁵/

/li³⁵ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/li⁵¹ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lɐi̯²² sɵy̯³⁵/

(～市) Lishui (a prefecture-level city of Zhejiang, China)


黃山

/xu̯ɑŋ³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/wɔːŋ²¹ saːn⁵⁵/

/uoŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾naŋ⁵⁵/

/ŋ̍²⁴⁻²² suã⁴⁴/

/ŋ̍²⁴⁻²² suã³³/

/ŋ̍¹³⁻²² suã⁴⁴/

/ŋ̍²⁴⁻¹¹ suã⁴⁴/

/ŋ̍²³⁻³³ suã⁴⁴/

/ɦuɑ̃²² se⁴⁴/

/xu̯ɑŋ³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/wɔːŋ²¹ saːn⁵⁵/

/uoŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾naŋ⁵⁵/

/ŋ̍²⁴⁻²² suã⁴⁴/

/ŋ̍²⁴⁻²² suã³³/

/ŋ̍¹³⁻²² suã⁴⁴/

/ŋ̍²⁴⁻¹¹ suã⁴⁴/

/ŋ̍²³⁻³³ suã⁴⁴/

/ɦuɑ̃²² se⁴⁴/

(～市) Huangshan (a prefecture-level city of Anhui, China)

(～區) Huangshan (a district of Huangshan City, Anhui, China)


銅陵

→ English: T'ung-ling, Tongling

/tʰʊŋ³⁵ liŋ³⁵/

/tʰʊŋ²¹ lɪŋ²¹/

/tøyŋ⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ˡ⁻⁾nˡiŋ⁵³/

/taŋ²⁴⁻²² liɪŋ²⁴/

/taŋ²⁴⁻²² liɪŋ²⁴/

/taŋ¹³⁻²² liɪŋ¹³/

/taŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ liɪŋ²⁴/

/taŋ²³⁻³³ liɪŋ²³/

/tʰʊŋ³⁵ liŋ³⁵/

/tʰʊŋ²¹ lɪŋ²¹/

/tøyŋ⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ˡ⁻⁾nˡiŋ⁵³/

/taŋ²⁴⁻²² liɪŋ²⁴/

/taŋ²⁴⁻²² liɪŋ²⁴/

/taŋ¹³⁻²² liɪŋ¹³/

/taŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ liɪŋ²⁴/

/taŋ²³⁻³³ liɪŋ²³/

(～市) Tongling (a prefecture-level city of Anhui, China)


池州

/ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰiː²¹ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/ti²⁴⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/ti²⁴⁻²² t͡siu³³/

/ti¹³⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/ti²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/ti²³⁻³³ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/zz̩²² t͡sɤ⁴⁴/

/ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰiː²¹ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/ti²⁴⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/ti²⁴⁻²² t͡siu³³/

/ti¹³⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/ti²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/ti²³⁻³³ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/zz̩²² t͡sɤ⁴⁴/

(～市) Chizhou (a prefecture-level city of Anhui, China)


景德鎮

ㄐㄧㄥˇ ㄉㄜˊ ㄓㄣˋ

ㄐㄧㄥˇ ㄉㄜˊ ㄓㄣˋ

/t͡ɕiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ tɤ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂən⁵¹/

/kɪŋ³⁵ tɐk̚⁵ t͡sɐn³³/

/kiŋ³³⁻²¹ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾nɛiʔ²⁴⁻⁵⁵ tɛiŋ²¹³/

/kiɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ tin¹¹/

/kiɪŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ tin²¹/

/t͡ɕin³³ təʔ⁵⁵ t͡sən²¹/

/t͡ɕiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ tɤ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂən⁵¹/

/kɪŋ³⁵ tɐk̚⁵ t͡sɐn³³/

/kiŋ³³⁻²¹ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾nɛiʔ²⁴⁻⁵⁵ tɛiŋ²¹³/

/kiɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ tin¹¹/

/kiɪŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ tin²¹/

/t͡ɕin³³ təʔ⁵⁵ t͡sən²¹/

(～市) Jingdezhen (a prefecture-level city of Jiangxi, China)


萍鄉

/pʰiŋ³⁵ ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/pʰɪŋ²¹ hœːŋ⁵⁵/

/piŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ŋyoŋ⁵⁵/

/pʰiɪŋ²⁴⁻²² hiɔŋ⁴⁴/

/pʰiɪŋ²⁴⁻²² hiɔŋ³³/

/pʰiɪŋ¹³⁻²² hiɔŋ⁴⁴/

/pʰiɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ hiɔŋ⁴⁴/

/pʰiɪŋ²³⁻³³ hiɔŋ⁴⁴/

/bin²² ɕiã⁴⁴/

/pʰiŋ³⁵ ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/pʰɪŋ²¹ hœːŋ⁵⁵/

/piŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ŋyoŋ⁵⁵/

/pʰiɪŋ²⁴⁻²² hiɔŋ⁴⁴/

/pʰiɪŋ²⁴⁻²² hiɔŋ³³/

/pʰiɪŋ¹³⁻²² hiɔŋ⁴⁴/

/pʰiɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ hiɔŋ⁴⁴/

/pʰiɪŋ²³⁻³³ hiɔŋ⁴⁴/

/bin²² ɕiã⁴⁴/

(～市) Pingxiang (a prefecture-level city of Jiangxi, China)


新余

/sɐn⁵⁵ jyː²¹/

/sin⁴⁴⁻²² u²⁴/

/sin⁴⁴⁻²² u¹³/

/sin⁴⁴⁻³³ u²⁴/

/sin⁴⁴⁻³³ u²³/

/ɕin⁵⁵ ɦy²¹/

/sɐn⁵⁵ jyː²¹/

/sin⁴⁴⁻²² u²⁴/

/sin⁴⁴⁻²² u¹³/

/sin⁴⁴⁻³³ u²⁴/

/sin⁴⁴⁻³³ u²³/

/ɕin⁵⁵ ɦy²¹/

(～市) Xinyu (a prefecture-level city of Jiangxi, China)


鷹潭

/iŋ⁵⁵ tʰän³⁵/

/jɪŋ⁵⁵ tʰaːm²¹/

/iɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tʰam²⁴/

/iɪŋ³³ tʰam²⁴/

/iɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tʰam¹³/

/iɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰam²⁴/

/iɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰam²³/

/iŋ⁵⁵ tʰän³⁵/

/jɪŋ⁵⁵ tʰaːm²¹/

/iɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tʰam²⁴/

/iɪŋ³³ tʰam²⁴/

/iɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tʰam¹³/

/iɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰam²⁴/

/iɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰam²³/

(～市) Yingtan (a prefecture-level city of Jiangxi, China)


吉安

/t͡ɕi³⁵ ˀän⁵⁵/

/kɐt̚⁵ ɔːn⁵⁵/

/kiʔ²⁴⁻²¹ aŋ⁵⁵/

/kiɛt̚³²⁻⁴ an⁴⁴/

/kiɛt̚⁵⁻²⁴ an³³/

/kiɛt̚³²⁻⁵ an⁴⁴/

/kiɛt̚³²⁻⁴ an⁴⁴/

/kiɛt̚³²⁻⁴ an⁴⁴/

/t͡ɕiɪʔ³³ ø⁴⁴/

/t͡ɕi³⁵ ˀän⁵⁵/

/kɐt̚⁵ ɔːn⁵⁵/

/kiʔ²⁴⁻²¹ aŋ⁵⁵/

/kiɛt̚³²⁻⁴ an⁴⁴/

/kiɛt̚⁵⁻²⁴ an³³/

/kiɛt̚³²⁻⁵ an⁴⁴/

/kiɛt̚³²⁻⁴ an⁴⁴/

/kiɛt̚³²⁻⁴ an⁴⁴/

/t͡ɕiɪʔ³³ ø⁴⁴/

(～市) Ji'an (a prefecture-level city of Jiangxi, China)

(～縣) Ji'an (a county of Ji'an, Jiangxi, China)


贛州

/kän⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/kɐm³³ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/ˈkɵn³⁵ t͡sɨu⁴²/

/koŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ t͡siu³³/

/kän⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/kɐm³³ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/ˈkɵn³⁵ t͡sɨu⁴²/

/koŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ t͡siu³³/

(～市) Ganzhou (a prefecture-level city of Jiangxi, China)


宜春

/i³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯ən⁵⁵/

/jiː²¹ t͡sʰɵn⁵⁵/

/ŋi¹¹ t͡sʰun²⁴/

/ŋi⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ^((t͡sʰ-))ʒuŋ⁵⁵/

/ɡi²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰun⁴⁴/

/ɡi²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰun³³/

/ɡi¹³⁻²² t͡sʰun⁴⁴/

/ɡi²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sʰun⁴⁴/

/ɡi²³⁻³³ t͡sʰun⁴⁴/

/n̠ʲi²² t͡sʰən⁴⁴/

/i³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯ən⁵⁵/

/jiː²¹ t͡sʰɵn⁵⁵/

/ŋi¹¹ t͡sʰun²⁴/

/ŋi⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ^((t͡sʰ-))ʒuŋ⁵⁵/

/ɡi²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰun⁴⁴/

/ɡi²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰun³³/

/ɡi¹³⁻²² t͡sʰun⁴⁴/

/ɡi²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sʰun⁴⁴/

/ɡi²³⁻³³ t͡sʰun⁴⁴/

/n̠ʲi²² t͡sʰən⁴⁴/

(～市) Yichun (a prefecture-level city of Jiangxi, China)


東營

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ iŋ³⁵/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ jɪŋ²¹/

/tɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² iɪŋ²⁴/

/tɔŋ³³ iɪŋ²⁴/

/tɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² iɪŋ¹³/

/tɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ iɪŋ²⁴/

/tɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ iɪŋ²³/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ iŋ³⁵/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ jɪŋ²¹/

/tɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² iɪŋ²⁴/

/tɔŋ³³ iɪŋ²⁴/

/tɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² iɪŋ¹³/

/tɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ iɪŋ²⁴/

/tɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ iɪŋ²³/

(～市) Dongying (a prefecture-level city of Shandong, China)


萊蕪

/laɪ̯³⁵ u³⁵/

/lɔːi̯²¹ mou̯²¹/

/l̃ai⁵³⁻³³ u⁵³/

/lai²⁴⁻²² bu²⁴/

/lai²⁴⁻²² bu²⁴/

/lai¹³⁻²² bu¹³/

/lai²⁴⁻¹¹ bu²⁴/

/lai²³⁻³³ bu²³/

/lai⁵⁵⁻¹¹ bu⁵⁵/

/laɪ̯³⁵ u³⁵/

/lɔːi̯²¹ mou̯²¹/

/l̃ai⁵³⁻³³ u⁵³/

/lai²⁴⁻²² bu²⁴/

/lai²⁴⁻²² bu²⁴/

/lai¹³⁻²² bu¹³/

/lai²⁴⁻¹¹ bu²⁴/

/lai²³⁻³³ bu²³/

/lai⁵⁵⁻¹¹ bu⁵⁵/

(～區) Laiwu (a district of Jinan, Shandong, China)

(～市) (historical) Laiwu (a former prefecture-level city of Shandong, China, now absorbed into Jinan)


上饒

→ English: Shang-jao, Shangrao

/ʂɑŋ⁵¹ ʐɑʊ̯³⁵/

/sœːŋ²² jiːu̯²¹/

/ʂɑŋ⁵¹ ʐɑʊ̯³⁵/

/sœːŋ²² jiːu̯²¹/

(～市) Shangrao (a prefecture-level city of Jiangxi, China)

(～縣) Shangrao (a county of Shangrao, Jiangxi, China)

(～鎮) Shangrao (a town in Raoping, Chaozhou, Guangdong, China)


漯河

/lu̯ɔ⁵¹ xɤ³⁵/

/lɔː²¹ hɔː²¹/

/lɔːk̚³ hɔː²¹/

/lui⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ho²⁴/

/lui⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ ho²⁴/

/lui⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ho¹³/

/lui⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ho²⁴/

/lui⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ hɤ²³/

/loʔ¹¹ ɦu²³/

/lu̯ɔ⁵¹ xɤ³⁵/

/lɔː²¹ hɔː²¹/

/lɔːk̚³ hɔː²¹/

/lui⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ho²⁴/

/lui⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ ho²⁴/

/lui⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ho¹³/

/lui⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ho²⁴/

/lui⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ hɤ²³/

/loʔ¹¹ ɦu²³/

(～市) Luohe (a prefecture-level city of Henan, China)


商丘

→ English: Shang-ch'iu, Shangqiu

/ʂɑŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵/

/sœːŋ⁵⁵ jɐu̯⁵⁵/

/siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kʰiu⁴⁴/

/siɔŋ³³ kʰiu³³/

/siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kʰiu⁴⁴/

/siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kʰiu⁴⁴/

/siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kʰiu⁴⁴/

/sɑ̃⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰiɤ²¹/

/ʂɑŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵/

/sœːŋ⁵⁵ jɐu̯⁵⁵/

/siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kʰiu⁴⁴/

/siɔŋ³³ kʰiu³³/

/siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kʰiu⁴⁴/

/siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kʰiu⁴⁴/

/siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kʰiu⁴⁴/

/sɑ̃⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰiɤ²¹/

(～市) Shangqiu (a prefecture-level city of Henan, China)


駐馬店

desc

→ English: Chu-ma-tien, Chumatien, Zhumadian

ㄓㄨˋ ㄇㄚˇ ㄉㄧㄢˋ

ㄓㄨˋ ㄇㄚˇ ㄉㄧㄢˋ

/ʈ͡ʂu⁵¹ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ ti̯ɛn⁵¹/

/t͡syː³³ maː¹³ tiːm³³/

/t͡sy²¹³⁻²¹ ma³³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾laiŋ²¹³/

/t͡su²¹⁻⁵³ be⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tiam²¹/

/t͡su⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ be⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tiam⁴¹/

/t͡su²¹⁻⁵³ be⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tiam²¹/

/t͡su¹¹⁻⁵³ be⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tiam¹¹/

/t͡su²¹⁻⁴¹ be⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tiam²¹/

/ʈ͡ʂu⁵¹ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ ti̯ɛn⁵¹/

/t͡syː³³ maː¹³ tiːm³³/

/t͡sy²¹³⁻²¹ ma³³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾laiŋ²¹³/

/t͡su²¹⁻⁵³ be⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tiam²¹/

/t͡su⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ be⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tiam⁴¹/

/t͡su²¹⁻⁵³ be⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tiam²¹/

/t͡su¹¹⁻⁵³ be⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tiam¹¹/

/t͡su²¹⁻⁴¹ be⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tiam²¹/

(～市) Zhumadian (a prefecture-level city of Henan, China)


十堰

→ English: Shiyan, Shih-yen

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ jɛn⁵¹/

/sɛiʔ⁵⁻³³ ieŋ³³/

/t͡sap̚⁴⁻³² iɛn⁵³/

/t͡sap̚²⁴⁻² iɛn⁵⁵⁴/

/t͡sap̚¹²¹⁻²¹ iɛn⁵³/

/t͡sap̚⁴⁻³² iɛn⁵³/

/t͡sap̚⁴⁻³² iɛn⁴¹/

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ jɛn⁵¹/

/sɛiʔ⁵⁻³³ ieŋ³³/

/t͡sap̚⁴⁻³² iɛn⁵³/

/t͡sap̚²⁴⁻² iɛn⁵⁵⁴/

/t͡sap̚¹²¹⁻²¹ iɛn⁵³/

/t͡sap̚⁴⁻³² iɛn⁵³/

/t͡sap̚⁴⁻³² iɛn⁴¹/

(～市) Shiyan (a prefecture-level city of Hubei, China)


荊門

→ English: Jingmen, Kingmen, Ching-men

/t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ mən³⁵/

/kɪŋ⁵⁵ muːn²¹/

/kiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² bun²⁴/

/kiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² bun¹³/

/kiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ bun²⁴/

/kiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ bun²³/

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ mən²¹/

/t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ mən³⁵/

/kɪŋ⁵⁵ muːn²¹/

/kiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² bun²⁴/

/kiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² bun¹³/

/kiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ bun²⁴/

/kiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ bun²³/

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ mən²¹/

We cross over the distant Ching-men
To travel in the land of Chʻu.

Tang Dynasty, 1997 trans., Li Po (李白), Wai-lim Yip, trans., 渡荊門送别 CROSSING CHING-MEN TO SEE A FRIEND OFF in Chinese Poetry: An Anthology of Major Modes and Genres, p.181

Dù yuǎn Jīngmén wài, lái cóng Chǔguó yóu.

渡遠荆門外，來從楚國遊。

渡远荆门外，来从楚国游。

(～市) Jingmen (a prefecture-level city of Hubei, China)


黃岡

→ English: Huanggang, Huang-kang, Hwangkang

/xu̯ɑŋ³⁵ kɑŋ⁵⁵/

/wɔːŋ²¹ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/ɦuɑ̃²² kɑ̃⁴⁴/

/xu̯ɑŋ³⁵ kɑŋ⁵⁵/

/wɔːŋ²¹ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/ɦuɑ̃²² kɑ̃⁴⁴/

(～市) Huanggang (a prefecture-level city of Hubei, China)

(～鎮) Huanggang (a town in Raoping, Chaozhou, Guangdong, China)


隨州

→ English: Suizhou, Suichow, Sui-chou

/su̯eɪ̯³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰɵy̯²¹ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/zø²² t͡sɤ⁴⁴/

/su̯eɪ̯³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰɵy̯²¹ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/zø²² t͡sɤ⁴⁴/

(～市) Suizhou (a prefecture-level city of Hubei, China)


張家界

/ʈ͡ʂɑŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛ⁵¹/

/t͡sœːŋ⁵⁵ kaː⁵⁵ kaːi̯³³/

/t͡soŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ ka²⁴⁻¹¹ ki̯e⁵⁵/

/tuoŋ⁵⁵⁻²¹ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋa⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ɑi²¹³/

/tiũ⁴⁴⁻²² ka⁴⁴⁻²² ke²¹/

/tiũ⁴⁴⁻²² ka⁴⁴⁻²² ke²¹/

/tiũ⁴⁴⁻³³ ka⁴⁴⁻³³ ke¹¹/

/tiũ⁴⁴⁻³³ ka⁴⁴⁻³³ ke²¹/

/ʈ͡ʂɑŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛ⁵¹/

/t͡sœːŋ⁵⁵ kaː⁵⁵ kaːi̯³³/

/t͡soŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ ka²⁴⁻¹¹ ki̯e⁵⁵/

/tuoŋ⁵⁵⁻²¹ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋa⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ɑi²¹³/

/tiũ⁴⁴⁻²² ka⁴⁴⁻²² ke²¹/

/tiũ⁴⁴⁻²² ka⁴⁴⁻²² ke²¹/

/tiũ⁴⁴⁻³³ ka⁴⁴⁻³³ ke¹¹/

/tiũ⁴⁴⁻³³ ka⁴⁴⁻³³ ke²¹/

(～市) Zhangjiajie (a prefecture-level city of Hunan, China)


郴州

/ʈ͡ʂʰən⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/sɐm⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰən⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/sɐm⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

(～市) Chenzhou (a prefecture-level city of Hunan, China)


永州

/jʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/wɪŋ¹³ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/iɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/iɪŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡siu³³/

/iɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/iɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/iɪŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/ioŋ⁵²⁻³⁵ t͡siu³³/

/jʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/wɪŋ¹³ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/iɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/iɪŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡siu³³/

/iɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/iɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/iɪŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/ioŋ⁵²⁻³⁵ t͡siu³³/

(～市) Yongzhou (a prefecture-level city of Hunan, China)


益陽

/jɪk̚⁵ jœːŋ²¹/

/jɪk̚⁵ jœːŋ²¹/

(～市) Yiyang (a prefecture-level city of Hunan, China)


懷化

/xu̯aɪ̯³⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹/

/waːi̯²¹ faː³³/

/xu̯aɪ̯³⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹/

/waːi̯²¹ faː³³/

(～市) Huaihua (a prefecture-level city of Hunan, China)


婁底

/loʊ̯³⁵ ti²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lɐu̯²¹ tɐi̯³⁵/

/loʊ̯³⁵ ti²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lɐu̯²¹ tɐi̯³⁵/

(～市) Loudi (a prefecture-level city of Hunan, China)


韶關

/ʂɑʊ̯³⁵ ku̯än⁵⁵/

/siːu̯²¹ kʷaːn⁵⁵/

/ʂɑʊ̯³⁵ ku̯än⁵⁵/

/siːu̯²¹ kʷaːn⁵⁵/

(～市) Shaoguan (a prefecture-level city of Guangdong, China)


湛江

→ English: Zhanjiang, Chan-chiang, Tsamkong

/ʈ͡ʂän⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡saːm³³ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sam³³ kɔŋ³³/

/tam³³⁻¹¹ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/tam²²⁻²¹ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/tam³³⁻²¹ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/ʈ͡ʂän⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡saːm³³ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sam³³ kɔŋ³³/

/tam³³⁻¹¹ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/tam²²⁻²¹ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/tam³³⁻²¹ kaŋ⁴⁴/

(～市) Zhanjiang (a prefecture-level city of Guangdong, China)


梅州

/meɪ̯³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/muːi̯²¹ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/ᵐbᵘɔi²² t͡siu³³/

/meɪ̯³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/muːi̯²¹ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/ᵐbᵘɔi²² t͡siu³³/

(～市) Meizhou (a prefecture-level city of Guangdong, China)


汕尾

→ English: Shanwei, Swabue

/ʂän⁵¹ weɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/suã²¹⁻⁵³ be⁵³/

/suã²¹⁻⁴¹ bue⁴¹/

/sũã²¹³⁻⁵⁵ bue⁵²⁻²¹/

/ʂän⁵¹ weɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/suã²¹⁻⁵³ be⁵³/

/suã²¹⁻⁴¹ bue⁴¹/

/sũã²¹³⁻⁵⁵ bue⁵²⁻²¹/

(～市) Shanwei, Swabue (a prefecture-level city of Guangdong, China)


河源

/xɤ³⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

/hɔː²¹ jyːn²¹/

/hᵘɔ²² ᵑɡun²²/

/ɦu²² n̠ʲyø⁴⁴/

/xɤ³⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

/hɔː²¹ jyːn²¹/

/hᵘɔ²² ᵑɡun²²/

/ɦu²² n̠ʲyø⁴⁴/

(～市) Heyuan (a prefecture-level city of Guangdong, China)


儋州

/tän⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/taːm⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/tän⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/taːm⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

(～市) Danzhou (a prefecture-level city of Hainan, China)


攀枝花

/pʰän⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ xu̯ä⁵⁵/

/pʰän⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ xu̯ä⁵⁵/

/pʰän⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ xu̯ɑɻ⁵⁵/

/pʰaːn⁵⁵ t͡siː⁵⁵ faː⁵⁵/

/pʰan²⁴⁻¹¹ ki²⁴⁻¹¹ fa²⁴/

/pʰaŋ⁵⁵⁻²¹ ^((t͡s-))ʒie⁵⁵ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ua⁵⁵/

/pʰan⁴⁴⁻²² t͡si⁴⁴⁻²² hua⁴⁴/

/pʰan⁴⁴⁻²² t͡si⁴⁴⁻²² hua⁴⁴/

/pʰan⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡si⁴⁴⁻³³ hua⁴⁴/

/pʰan⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡si⁴⁴⁻³³ hua⁴⁴/

/pʰän⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ xu̯ä⁵⁵/

/pʰän⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ xu̯ä⁵⁵/

/pʰän⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ xu̯ɑɻ⁵⁵/

/pʰaːn⁵⁵ t͡siː⁵⁵ faː⁵⁵/

/pʰan²⁴⁻¹¹ ki²⁴⁻¹¹ fa²⁴/

/pʰaŋ⁵⁵⁻²¹ ^((t͡s-))ʒie⁵⁵ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ua⁵⁵/

/pʰan⁴⁴⁻²² t͡si⁴⁴⁻²² hua⁴⁴/

/pʰan⁴⁴⁻²² t͡si⁴⁴⁻²² hua⁴⁴/

/pʰan⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡si⁴⁴⁻³³ hua⁴⁴/

/pʰan⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡si⁴⁴⁻³³ hua⁴⁴/

(～市) Panzhihua (a prefecture-level city of Sichuan, China)


瀘州

/lu³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/lou̯²¹ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/lu³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/lou̯²¹ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

(～市) Luzhou (a prefecture-level city of Sichuan, China)


德陽

/tɤ³⁵ jɑŋ³⁵/

/tɐk̚⁵ jœːŋ²¹/

/tɤ³⁵ jɑŋ³⁵/

/tɐk̚⁵ jœːŋ²¹/

(～市) Deyang (a prefecture-level city of Sichuan, China)


廣元

/ku̯ɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɥɛn³⁵/

/kʷɔːŋ³⁵ jyːn²¹/

/ku̯ɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɥɛn³⁵/

/kʷɔːŋ³⁵ jyːn²¹/

(～市) Guangyuan (a prefecture-level city of Sichuan, China)


遂寧

/su̯eɪ̯⁵¹ niŋ³⁵/

/sɵy̯²² nɪŋ²¹/

/su̯eɪ̯⁵¹ niŋ³⁵/

/sɵy̯²² nɪŋ²¹/

(～市) Suining (a prefecture-level city of Sichuan, China)


樂山

/lɤ⁵¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

/lɔːk̚² saːn⁵⁵/

/lɤ⁵¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

/lɔːk̚² saːn⁵⁵/

(～市) Leshan (a prefecture-level city of Sichuan, China)


廣安

→ English: Guang'an

/ku̯ɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ˀän⁵⁵/

/kʷɔːŋ³⁵ ɔːn⁵⁵/

/ku̯ɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ˀän⁵⁵/

/kʷɔːŋ³⁵ ɔːn⁵⁵/

(～市) Guang'an (a prefecture-level city of Sichuan, China)


達州

/tä³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/taːt̚² t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/taʔ⁴⁻²¹ t͡siu⁵³³/

/taʔ⁴⁻² t͡siu⁵⁴⁴/

/tä³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/taːt̚² t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/taʔ⁴⁻²¹ t͡siu⁵³³/

/taʔ⁴⁻² t͡siu⁵⁴⁴/

(～市) Dazhou (a prefecture-level city of Sichuan, China)


雅安

→ English: Ya'an, Ya-an

/jä²¹⁴⁻²¹ ˀän⁵⁵/

/ŋaː¹³ ɔːn⁵⁵/

/jä²¹⁴⁻²¹ ˀän⁵⁵/

/ŋaː¹³ ɔːn⁵⁵/

(～市) Ya'an (a prefecture-level city of Sichuan, China)


資陽

→ English: Tzu-yang, Tzŭ-yang, Ziyang

/t͡sz̩⁵⁵ jɑŋ³⁵/

/t͡siː⁵⁵ jœːŋ²¹/

/t͡sz̩⁵⁵ jɑŋ³⁵/

/t͡siː⁵⁵ jœːŋ²¹/

(～市) Ziyang (a prefecture-level city of Sichuan, China)

(～區) Ziyang (a district of Yiyang, Hunan, China)


六盤水

ㄌㄧㄡˋ ㄆㄢˊ ㄕㄨㄟˇ

ㄌㄧㄡˋ ㄆㄢˊ ㄕㄨㄟˇ

/li̯oʊ̯⁵¹ pʰän³⁵ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lʊk̚² pʰuːn²¹ sɵy̯³⁵/

/li̯oʊ̯⁵¹ pʰän³⁵ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lʊk̚² pʰuːn²¹ sɵy̯³⁵/

(～市) Liupanshui (a prefecture-level city of Guizhou, China)


遵義

→ English: Tsunyi, Zunyi

/t͡su̯ən⁵⁵ i⁵¹/

/t͡sɵn⁵⁵ jiː²²/

/t͡su̯ən⁵⁵ i⁵¹/

/t͡sɵn⁵⁵ jiː²²/

(～市) Zunyi (a prefecture-level city of Guizhou, China)


畢節

/pi⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵/

/pi⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵/

(～市) Bijie (a prefecture-level city of Guizhou, China)


銅仁

/tʰʊŋ³⁵ ʐən³⁵/

/tʰʊŋ²¹ jɐn²¹/

/tʰʊŋ³⁵ ʐən³⁵/

/tʰʊŋ²¹ jɐn²¹/

(～市) Tongren (a prefecture-level city of Guizhou, China)


玉溪

/jʊk̚² kʰɐi̯⁵⁵/

/ŋyʔ⁵⁻⁵⁵ kʰɛ⁵⁵/

/ɡiɔk̚⁴⁻³² kʰe⁴⁴/

/ɡiɔk̚²⁴⁻² kʰe³³/

/ɡiɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ kʰe⁴⁴/

/ɡiɔk̚⁴⁻³² kʰe⁴⁴/

/ɡiɔk̚⁴⁻³² kʰe⁴⁴/

/jʊk̚² kʰɐi̯⁵⁵/

/ŋyʔ⁵⁻⁵⁵ kʰɛ⁵⁵/

/ɡiɔk̚⁴⁻³² kʰe⁴⁴/

/ɡiɔk̚²⁴⁻² kʰe³³/

/ɡiɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ kʰe⁴⁴/

/ɡiɔk̚⁴⁻³² kʰe⁴⁴/

/ɡiɔk̚⁴⁻³² kʰe⁴⁴/

(～市) Yuxi (a prefecture-level city of Yunnan, China)


保山

→ English: Baoshan, Pao-shan

→ Lü: ᦗᧁᦌᦱᧃᧈ (pawsaan¹)

/pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

/pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

(～市) Baoshan (a prefecture-level city of Yunnan, China)


昭通

→ English: Chao-t'ung, Zhaotong

→ Lü: ᦋᧁᧈᦒᦳᧂᧈ (tsaw¹thung¹)

/ʈ͡ʂɑʊ̯⁵⁵ tʰʊŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡siːu̯⁵⁵ tʰʊŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰiːu̯⁵⁵ tʰʊŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡siau⁴⁴⁻²² tʰɔŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡siau³³ tʰɔŋ³³/

/t͡siau⁴⁴⁻²² tʰɔŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡siau⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰɔŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡siau⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰɔŋ⁴⁴/

/ʈ͡ʂɑʊ̯⁵⁵ tʰʊŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡siːu̯⁵⁵ tʰʊŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰiːu̯⁵⁵ tʰʊŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡siau⁴⁴⁻²² tʰɔŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡siau³³ tʰɔŋ³³/

/t͡siau⁴⁴⁻²² tʰɔŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡siau⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰɔŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡siau⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰɔŋ⁴⁴/

(～市) Zhaotong (a prefecture-level city of Yunnan, China)


麗江

/li⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/lɐi̯²² kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/li³⁵⁻¹¹ kaŋ³³/

/li⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/lɐi̯²² kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/li³⁵⁻¹¹ kaŋ³³/

納西族自治縣 納西族自治縣#Chinese

(～市, formerly ～納西族自治縣, ～縣) Lijiang (a prefecture-level city of Yunnan, China)


臨滄

/lin³⁵ t͡sʰɑŋ⁵⁵/

/lɐm²¹ t͡sʰɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/lim²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰɔŋ⁴⁴/

/lim²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰɔŋ³³/

/lim¹³⁻²² t͡sʰɔŋ⁴⁴/

/lim²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sʰɔŋ⁴⁴/

/lim²³⁻³³ t͡sʰɔŋ⁴⁴/

/lin³⁵ t͡sʰɑŋ⁵⁵/

/lɐm²¹ t͡sʰɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/lim²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰɔŋ⁴⁴/

/lim²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰɔŋ³³/

/lim¹³⁻²² t͡sʰɔŋ⁴⁴/

/lim²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sʰɔŋ⁴⁴/

/lim²³⁻³³ t͡sʰɔŋ⁴⁴/

(～市) Lincang (a prefecture-level city of Yunnan, China)


林芝

/lin³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/

/lɐm²¹ t͡siː⁵⁵/

/lin³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/

/lɐm²¹ t͡siː⁵⁵/

Nyang River
Nyingchi
Phono-semantic matching

Phono-semantic matching, adapted from the earlier 尼池 (níchí) [1950s], a pure phonetic transcription from Tibetan ཉིང་ཁྲི (nying khri, the local name for Nyingchi). The renaming was influenced by 靈芝／灵芝 (língzhī), a specialty from the Nyingchi area.
Tibetan ཉིང་ཁྲི (nying khri) is a variant of ཉང་ཁྲི (nyang khri, “Nyingchi”), a name derived from ཉང (nyang, “a Tibetan clan living near the Nyang River (尼洋河)”) and ཁྲི (khri, “a Tibetan clan (living in the lower reaches of the Nyang River?)”) (Agui, 2012).

zh-l

靈芝／灵芝 (língzhī)

(～市, formerly ～地區) Nyingchi (a prefecture-level city of the Tibet Autonomous Region, China, formerly a prefecture)

(historical) (～縣) Nyingchi (a former county of Nyingchi prefecture, Tibet Autonomous Region, China; now Bayi district of the prefecture-level city of Nyingchi)


山南

/ʂän⁵⁵ nän³⁵/

/ʂän⁵⁵ nän³⁵/

(～市) Shannan (a prefecture-level city of the Tibet Autonomous Region, China)


銅川

/tʰʊŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

/tʰʊŋ²¹ t͡sʰyːn⁵⁵/

/tʰʊŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

/tʰʊŋ²¹ t͡sʰyːn⁵⁵/

(～市) Tongchuan (a prefecture-level city of Shaanxi, China)


渭南

/weɪ̯⁵¹ nän³⁵/

/wɐi̯²² naːm²¹/

/weɪ̯⁵¹ nän³⁵/

/wɐi̯²² naːm²¹/

(～市) Weinan (a prefecture-level city of Shaanxi, China)


漢中

/xän⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵/

/hɔːn³³ t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵/

/han²¹⁻⁵³ tiɔŋ⁴⁴/

/han⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ tiɔŋ³³/

/han²¹⁻⁵³ tiɔŋ⁴⁴/

/han¹¹⁻⁵³ tiɔŋ⁴⁴/

/han²¹⁻⁴¹ tiɔŋ⁴⁴/

/xän⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵/

/hɔːn³³ t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵/

/han²¹⁻⁵³ tiɔŋ⁴⁴/

/han⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ tiɔŋ³³/

/han²¹⁻⁵³ tiɔŋ⁴⁴/

/han¹¹⁻⁵³ tiɔŋ⁴⁴/

/han²¹⁻⁴¹ tiɔŋ⁴⁴/

(～市) Hanzhong (a prefecture-level city of Shaanxi, China)


榆林

/jyː²¹ lɐm²¹/

/jyː²¹ lɐm²¹/

(～市) Yulin (a prefecture-level city of Shaanxi, China)

(～港) Yulin Harbour (a harbour in Sanya, Hainan, China)


商洛

/ʂɑŋ⁵⁵ lu̯ɔ⁵¹/

/sœːŋ⁵⁵ lɔːk̚²/

/ʂɑŋ⁵⁵ lu̯ɔ⁵¹/

/sœːŋ⁵⁵ lɔːk̚²/

(～市) Shangluo (a prefecture-level city of Shaanxi, China)


嘉峪關

→ English: Chia-yü-kuan, Jiayuguan

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ y⁵¹ ku̯än⁵⁵/

/kaː⁵⁵ jʊk̚² kʷaːn⁵⁵/

/kaː⁵⁵ jyː²² kʷaːn⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ y⁵¹ ku̯än⁵⁵/

/kaː⁵⁵ jʊk̚² kʷaːn⁵⁵/

/kaː⁵⁵ jyː²² kʷaːn⁵⁵/

(～市) Jiayuguan (a prefecture-level city of Gansu, China)


金昌

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ⁵⁵/

/kɐm⁵⁵ t͡sʰœːŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ⁵⁵/

/kɐm⁵⁵ t͡sʰœːŋ⁵⁵/

(～市) Jinchang (a prefecture-level city of Gansu, China)


武威

/u²¹⁴⁻²¹ weɪ̯⁵⁵/

/mou̯¹³ wɐi̯⁵⁵/

/u²¹⁴⁻²¹ weɪ̯⁵⁵/

/mou̯¹³ wɐi̯⁵⁵/

(～市) Wuwei (a prefecture-level city of Gansu, China)

(historical) (～郡) Wuwei (an ancient commandery in modern Gansu, China)


張掖

→ English: Zhangye

/ʈ͡ʂɑŋ⁵⁵ jɛ⁵¹/

/ʈ͡ʂɑŋ⁵⁵ i⁵¹/

/t͡sœːŋ⁵⁵ jɪk̚²/

/ʈ͡ʂɑŋ⁵⁵ jɛ⁵¹/

/ʈ͡ʂɑŋ⁵⁵ i⁵¹/

/t͡sœːŋ⁵⁵ jɪk̚²/

(～市) Zhangye (a prefecture-level city of Gansu, China)


平涼

/pʰiŋ³⁵ li̯ɑŋ³⁵/

/pʰɪŋ²¹ lœːŋ²¹/

/pʰiŋ³⁵ li̯ɑŋ³⁵/

/pʰɪŋ²¹ lœːŋ²¹/

(～市) Pingliang (a prefecture-level city of Gansu, China)


酒泉

/t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn³⁵/

/t͡sɐu̯³⁵ t͡sʰyːn²¹/

/t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn³⁵/

/t͡sɐu̯³⁵ t͡sʰyːn²¹/

(～市) Jiuquan (a prefecture-level city of Gansu, China)

(historical) (～郡) Jiuquan (an ancient commandery in modern Gansu, China)


慶陽

/t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵¹ jɑŋ³⁵/

/hɪŋ³³ jœːŋ²¹/

/t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵¹ jɑŋ³⁵/

/hɪŋ³³ jœːŋ²¹/

(～市) Qingyang (a prefecture-level city of Gansu, China)


定西

/tiŋ⁵¹ ɕi⁵⁵/

/tɪŋ²² sɐi̯⁵⁵/

/tiŋ⁵¹ ɕi⁵⁵/

/tɪŋ²² sɐi̯⁵⁵/

(～市) Dingxi (a prefecture-level city of Gansu, China)


隴南

→ English: Longnan

/lʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ nän³⁵/

/lʊŋ¹³ naːm²¹/

/lʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ nän³⁵/

/lʊŋ¹³ naːm²¹/

(～市, formerly ～地區) Longnan (a prefecture-level city of Gansu, China, formerly a prefecture)


寧德

→ English: Ningde, Ning-te

/niŋ³⁵ tɤ³⁵/

/nɪŋ²¹ tɐk̚⁵/

/nˡiŋ⁵³⁻²¹ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾naiʔ²⁴/

/nɛŋ¹³⁻⁴² tɛʔ²¹/

/nɛŋ²⁴⁻⁴² tɛʔ²/

/liɪŋ¹³⁻²² tiɪk̚³²/

/liɪŋ²⁴⁻²² tiɪk̚³²/

/liɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ tiɪk̚³²/

/liɪŋ²³⁻³³ tiɪk̚³²/

/liɪŋ²⁴⁻²² tiak̚⁵/

/n̠ʲin²² təʔ⁴⁴/

/niŋ³⁵ tɤ³⁵/

/nɪŋ²¹ tɐk̚⁵/

/nˡiŋ⁵³⁻²¹ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾naiʔ²⁴/

/nɛŋ¹³⁻⁴² tɛʔ²¹/

/nɛŋ²⁴⁻⁴² tɛʔ²/

/liɪŋ¹³⁻²² tiɪk̚³²/

/liɪŋ²⁴⁻²² tiɪk̚³²/

/liɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ tiɪk̚³²/

/liɪŋ²³⁻³³ tiɪk̚³²/

/liɪŋ²⁴⁻²² tiak̚⁵/

/n̠ʲin²² təʔ⁴⁴/

(～市) Ningde (a prefecture-level city of Fujian, China)


大興安嶺

→ English: Daxing'anling

ㄉㄚˋ ㄒㄧㄥ ㄢ ㄌㄧㄥˇ

ㄉㄚˋ ㄒㄧㄥ ㄢ ㄌㄧㄥˇ

Дасинъаньлин

/tä⁵¹ ɕiŋ⁵⁵ ˀän⁵⁵ liŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/taːi̯²² hɪŋ⁵⁵ ɔːn⁵⁵ lɪŋ¹³/

/tä⁵¹ ɕiŋ⁵⁵ ˀän⁵⁵ liŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/taːi̯²² hɪŋ⁵⁵ ɔːn⁵⁵ lɪŋ¹³/

Greater Khingan Range
w:Greater Khingan Range

Greater Khingan Range (a mountain range in the Inner Mongolia autonomous region, China)

(～地區) Daxing'anling (a prefecture of Heilongjiang, China)


五臺山

/u²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰaɪ̯³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/ŋ̍¹³ tʰɔːi̯²¹ saːn⁵⁵/

/u²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰaɪ̯³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/ŋ̍¹³ tʰɔːi̯²¹ saːn⁵⁵/

Mount Wutai (a sacred mountain of Buddhism in Shaanxi, China)


武夷山

/u²¹⁴⁻²¹ i³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/u²¹ i²¹ suiŋ⁵⁴/

/u³³⁻³⁵ i⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾laŋ⁵⁵/

/bu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ i²⁴⁻²² suã⁴⁴/

/bu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ i²⁴⁻²² san⁴⁴/

/u²¹⁴⁻²¹ i³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/u²¹ i²¹ suiŋ⁵⁴/

/u³³⁻³⁵ i⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾laŋ⁵⁵/

/bu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ i²⁴⁻²² suã⁴⁴/

/bu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ i²⁴⁻²² san⁴⁴/

(～市) Wuyishan (a county-level city of Nanping, Fujian, China)


九華山

ㄐㄧㄡˇ ㄏㄨㄚˊ ㄕㄢ

ㄐㄧㄡˇ ㄏㄨㄚˊ ㄕㄢ

/t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ xu̯ä³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/kɐu̯³⁵ waː²² saːn⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ xu̯ä³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/kɐu̯³⁵ waː²² saːn⁵⁵/

Mount Jiuhua (a mountain in Anhui, China)


普陀山

/pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰu̯ɔ³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/pʰou̯³⁵ tʰɔː²¹ saːn⁵⁵/

/pʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ to²⁴⁻¹¹ san⁴⁴/

/pʰɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tɤ²³⁻³³ san⁴⁴/

/pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰu̯ɔ³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/pʰou̯³⁵ tʰɔː²¹ saːn⁵⁵/

/pʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ to²⁴⁻¹¹ san⁴⁴/

/pʰɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tɤ²³⁻³³ san⁴⁴/

Mount Putuo (an island and mountain in Putuo district, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, China)


武當山

/u²¹⁴⁻²¹ tɑŋ⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/mou̯¹³ tɔːŋ⁵⁵ saːn⁵⁵/

/bu⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ san⁴⁴/

/bu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ san⁴⁴/

/u²¹⁴⁻²¹ tɑŋ⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/mou̯¹³ tɔːŋ⁵⁵ saːn⁵⁵/

/bu⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ san⁴⁴/

/bu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ san⁴⁴/

When my shigong knows that he lost two of his proud disciples, he will naturally have a heartache, and in preventing everyone from ridiculing that the martial arts of the Wudang Mountains is not as fine as that of the Shaolin Monastery, would he not lose his reputation?

Shīgōng dézhī, lián sàng tā liǎng ge déyì ménrén, zìrán xīntòng, qiě fáng tiānxiàrén chǐxiào Wǔdāng Shān wǔyì bùjí Shàolínsì jīngmiào, qǐbù shī le wēimíng?

師公得知，連喪他兩個得意門人，自然心痛，且防天下人恥笑武當山武藝不及少林寺精妙，豈不失了威名？

师公得知，连丧他两个得意门人，自然心痛，且防天下人耻笑武当山武艺不及少林寺精妙，岂不失了威名？

That everyone thinks especially highly of Chinese children is also very good of course, yet the questions that come up are often difficult. It is like flying swords: there is certainly no way to do it without going up to the Wudang Mountains to seek for a master and learn his ways.

Zhōngguó de értóng gěi dàjiā tèbié kàndeqǐ, nà dāngrán yě hěn hǎo, rán'ér chūlái de tímù jiù yīncǐ chángcháng shì nántí, réng rú fēijiàn yīyàng, fēi shàng Wǔdāng Shān xúnshī xuédào zhīhòu, juéjì méifǎ bàn.

中國的兒童給大家特別看得起，那當然也很好，然而出來的題目就因此常常是難題，仍如飛劍一樣，非上武當山尋師學道之後，決計沒法辦。

中国的儿童给大家特别看得起，那当然也很好，然而出来的题目就因此常常是难题，仍如飞剑一样，非上武当山寻师学道之后，决计没法办。

Wudang Mountains (a mountain range located in the northwestern part of Hubei, China)


衡山

/xɤŋ³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/hɐŋ²¹ saːn⁵⁵/

/xɤŋ³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/hɐŋ²¹ saːn⁵⁵/

(～縣) Hengshan (a county of Hengyang, Hunan, China)


周口店

→ English: Chou-k'ou-tien, Zhoukoudian

/ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵ kʰoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ti̯ɛn⁵¹/

/t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵ hɐu̯³⁵ tiːm³³/

/ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵ kʰoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ti̯ɛn⁵¹/

/t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵ hɐu̯³⁵ tiːm³³/

(～地區) Zhoukoudian (an area of Fangshan district, Beijing, China)


九寨溝

/t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂaɪ̯⁵¹ koʊ̯⁵⁵/

/kɐu̯³⁵ t͡saːi̯²² kʰɐu̯⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂaɪ̯⁵¹ koʊ̯⁵⁵/

/kɐu̯³⁵ t͡saːi̯²² kʰɐu̯⁵⁵/

(～縣) Jiuzhaigou (a county of Ngawa prefecture, Sichuan, China)


黃龍

/xu̯ɑŋ³⁵ lʊŋ³⁵/

/wɔːŋ²¹ lʊŋ²¹/

/xu̯ɑŋ³⁵ lʊŋ³⁵/

/wɔːŋ²¹ lʊŋ²¹/

(～縣) Huanglong (a county of Yan'an, Shaanxi, China)

(～鎮) Huanglong (a town in Xiangzhou district, Xiangyang, Hubei, China)

(～鎮) Huanglong (a town in Zhangwan district, Shiyan, Hubei, China)


都江堰

/tu⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ jɛn⁵¹/

/tou̯⁵⁵ kɔːŋ⁵⁵ jiːn³⁵/

/tu⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ jɛn⁵¹/

/tou̯⁵⁵ kɔːŋ⁵⁵ jiːn³⁵/

(～市) Dujiangyan City (a county-level city of Chengdu, Sichuan, southwestern China)


神農架

→ English: Shennongjia, Shen-nung-chia

ㄕㄣˊ ㄋㄨㄥˊ ㄐㄧㄚˋ

ㄕㄣˊ ㄋㄨㄥˊ ㄐㄧㄚˋ

/ʂən³⁵ nʊŋ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵¹/

ㄕㄣˊ ㄋㄨㄥˊ ㄐㄧㄚˋㄦ

/ʂən³⁵ nʊŋ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑɻ⁵¹/

/sɐn⁵⁵ nʊŋ²¹ kaː³³/

/sin²⁴⁻²² lɔŋ²⁴⁻²² ka²¹/

/sin²⁴⁻²² lɔŋ²⁴⁻²² ka⁴¹/

/sin¹³⁻²² lɔŋ¹³⁻²² ka²¹/

/sin²⁴⁻¹¹ lɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ ka¹¹/

/sin²³⁻³³ lɔŋ²³⁻³³ ka²¹/

/ʂən³⁵ nʊŋ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵¹/

/ʂən³⁵ nʊŋ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑɻ⁵¹/

/sɐn⁵⁵ nʊŋ²¹ kaː³³/

/sin²⁴⁻²² lɔŋ²⁴⁻²² ka²¹/

/sin²⁴⁻²² lɔŋ²⁴⁻²² ka⁴¹/

/sin¹³⁻²² lɔŋ¹³⁻²² ka²¹/

/sin²⁴⁻¹¹ lɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ ka¹¹/

/sin²³⁻³³ lɔŋ²³⁻³³ ka²¹/

(～林區) Shennongjia (a forestry district in Hubei, China)


長灘

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ tʰän⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ tʰän⁵⁵/

(～鎮) Changtan (a town in Zhongxiang, Jingmen, Hubei, China)

(～社區) Changtan (a residential community in Changtan, Zhongxiang, Jingmen, Hubei, China)


鬱林

/wɐt̚⁵ lɐm²¹/

/wɐt̚⁵ lɐm²¹/

Officially, with the establishment of 鬱林郡 (“Yulin commandery”) in 111 BCE.

(historical, now dated) (～縣) Yulin (a city in the Guangxi autonomous region, China)

(historical) (～郡) Yulin (an ancient commandery of China)


連江

desc

→ English: Lianjiang, Lienchiang, Lien-chiang, Lienkiang, Lienkong

/li̯ɛn³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/liːn²¹ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/l̃ieŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋouŋ⁵⁵/

/liɛn²⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁴⁴/

/liɛn²⁴⁻²² kaŋ³³/

/liɛn¹³⁻²² kaŋ⁴⁴/

/liɛn²⁴⁻¹¹ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/liɛn²³⁻³³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/li̯ɛn³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/liːn²¹ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/l̃ieŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋouŋ⁵⁵/

/liɛn²⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁴⁴/

/liɛn²⁴⁻²² kaŋ³³/

/liɛn¹³⁻²² kaŋ⁴⁴/

/liɛn²⁴⁻¹¹ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/liɛn²³⁻³³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

(～縣) Lianjiang (a county of Fuzhou, Fujian, China)

The accumulating, gathering, examining and investigating of medicinal plant specimens in the Lien-chiang and others Islets, and at the individual villages and towns of Lien-chiang County will be carried out:

2000, Investigation and Study on The Resources of Chinese Crude Drugs in Taiwan (8) – (Investigation and Study on The Medicinal Plants in Lien-chiang County) 台灣產中藥材資源之調查研究（八）-連江縣藥用植物資源之調查報告, Hsieh, Wen-Chiuan 謝文全

Liánjiāng Xiàn yánhǎi jí gè xiāngzhèn yào yòng zhíwù biāoběn zhī sōují, cǎijí, jiàndìng jí diàochá.

連江縣沿海及各鄉鎮藥用植物標本之蒐集、採集、鑑定及調查。

连江县沿海及各乡镇药用植物标本之搜集、采集、鉴定及调查。

(～縣) Lienchiang (a county of Taiwan (Republic of China); de jure part of its Fujian Province; administrative name for the Matsu Islands)

(～鎮) Lianjiang (a town in Dingyuan, Chuzhou, Anhui, China)

Lian River (the largest tributary of the Bei River in Guangdong)


綏遠

/su̯eɪ̯³⁵ ɥɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/su̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ ɥɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sɵy̯⁵⁵ jyːn¹³/

/su̯eɪ̯³⁵ ɥɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/su̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ ɥɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sɵy̯⁵⁵ jyːn¹³/

(～城) Suiyuan (one of the two towns that merged to form modern Guisui, or modern Hohhot in Inner Mongolia autonomous region)

(～省) Suiyuan (a former province of China)


察哈爾

/ʈ͡ʂʰä³⁵ xä⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʰaːt̚³ haː⁵⁵ jiː¹³/

/ʈ͡ʂʰä³⁵ xä⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʰaːt̚³ haː⁵⁵ jiː¹³/

Qing-era Mandarin transcription of Manchu ᠴᠠᡥᠠᡵ (cahar), from Classical Mongolian ᠴᠠᠬᠠᠷ (čaqar).

(historical) (～省, formerly ～特別區) Chahar (a former province of China)

(～盟) Chahar (a former league in the Inner Mongolia autonomous region, China)


熱河

→ English: Rehe

zh-l

熱河兒／热河儿 (Rèhér)

→ English: Jehol (from 熱河兒／热河儿 (Rèhér))

/jiːt̚² hɔː²¹/

/jiːt̚² hɔː²¹/

ncog

ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ

Classical Mongolian ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ
ᠭᠣᠣᠯ (qalaɣun ɣool)

(～省) Rehe (a former province in northeastern China)


恩施土家族苗族自治州

ㄣ ㄕ ㄊㄨˇ ㄐㄧㄚ ㄗㄨˊ ㄇㄧㄠˊ ㄗㄨˊ ㄗˋ ㄓˋ ㄓㄡ

jan¹ si¹ tou² gaa¹ zuk⁶ miu⁴ zuk⁶ zi⁶ zi⁶ zau¹

ㄣ ㄕ ㄊㄨˇ ㄐㄧㄚ ㄗㄨˊ ㄇㄧㄠˊ ㄗㄨˊ ㄗˋ ㄓˋ ㄓㄡ

Ên¹-shih¹ Tʻu³-chia¹-tsu² Miao²-tsu² Tzŭ⁴-chih⁴-chou¹

Эньши Туцзяцзу Мяоцзу Цзычжичжоу

/ˀən⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ tʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ t͡su³⁵ mi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵ t͡su³⁵ t͡sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

yān sī tóu gā juhk mìuh juhk jih jih jāu

jan¹ si¹ tou² gaa¹ dzuk⁹ miu⁴ dzuk⁹ dzi⁶ dzi⁶ dzau¹

yen¹ xi¹ tou² ga¹ zug⁶ miu⁴ zug⁶ ji⁶ ji⁶ zeo¹

/jɐn⁵⁵ siː⁵⁵ tʰou̯³⁵ kaː⁵⁵ t͡sʊk̚² miːu̯²¹ t͡sʊk̚² t͡siː²² t͡siː²² t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture#English

Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture (an autonomous prefecture of Hubei, China)


恩施

→ English: Enshi, Enshih, En-shih

/ˀən⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/

/jɐn⁵⁵ siː⁵⁵/

/ˀən⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/

/jɐn⁵⁵ siː⁵⁵/

～土家族苗族自治州 恩施土家族苗族自治州#Chinese

w:Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture

(～土家族苗族自治州, ～州) Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture (an autonomous prefecture of Hubei, China)

(～市) Enshi (a county-level city of Enshi prefecture, Hubei, China)


湘西

/ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ ɕi⁵⁵/

/sœːŋ⁵⁵ sɐi̯⁵⁵/

/ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ ɕi⁵⁵/

/sœːŋ⁵⁵ sɐi̯⁵⁵/

～土家族苗族自治州 湘西土家族苗族自治州#Chinese

w:Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture

(～土家族苗族自治州, ～州) Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture (an autonomous prefecture of Hunan, China)


阿壩

→ English: Aba

/aː³³ paː³³/

/a³³⁻²³ pa²¹³/

/aː³³ paː³³/

/a³³⁻²³ pa²¹³/

～藏族羌族自治州 阿壩藏族羌族自治州#Chinese

(～藏族羌族自治州, ～州) Ngawa Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture, Aba (an autonomous prefecture of Sichuan, China)

(～縣) Ngawa (a county of Ngawa prefecture, Sichuan, China)


甘孜藏族自治州

ㄍㄢ ㄗ ㄗㄤˋ ㄗㄨˊ ㄗˋ ㄓˋ ㄓㄡ

ㄍㄢ ㄗ ㄗㄤˋ ㄗㄨˊ ㄗˋ ㄓˋ ㄓㄡ

Ганьцзы Цзанцзу Цзычжичжоу

/kän⁵⁵ t͡sz̩⁵⁵ t͡sɑŋ⁵¹ t͡su³⁵ t͡sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

Garzê Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture
Garzê#English

Garzê Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture (an autonomous prefecture of Sichuan, China)


甘孜

/kän⁵⁵ t͡sz̩⁵⁵/

/kɐm⁵⁵ t͡siː⁵⁵/

/kän⁵⁵ t͡sz̩⁵⁵/

/kɐm⁵⁵ t͡siː⁵⁵/

Borrowed from Tibetan དཀར་མཛེས (dkar mdzes).

～藏族自治州 甘孜藏族自治州#Chinese

(～藏族自治州, ～州) Garzê (an autonomous prefecture of Sichuan, China)

(～縣) Garzê (a county of Garzê prefecture, Sichuan, China)


涼山彝族自治州

ㄌㄧㄤˊ ㄕㄢ ㄧˊ ㄗㄨˊ ㄗˋ ㄓˋ ㄓㄡ

ㄌㄧㄤˊ ㄕㄢ ㄧˊ ㄗㄨˊ ㄗˋ ㄓˋ ㄓㄡ

Ляншань Ицзу Цзычжичжоу

/li̯ɑŋ³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵ i³⁵ t͡su³⁵ t͡sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/lœːŋ²¹ saːn⁵⁵ jiː²¹ t͡sʊk̚² t͡siː²² t͡siː²² t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture
w:Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture

Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture (a Yi autonomous prefecture in Sichuan, China)


涼山

/li̯ɑŋ³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/lœːŋ²¹ saːn⁵⁵/

/li̯ɑŋ³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/lœːŋ²¹ saːn⁵⁵/

～彝族自治州 涼山彝族自治州#Chinese

(～彝族自治州, ～州) Liangshan (a Yi autonomous prefecture in Sichuan, China)


黔西南

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn³⁵ ɕi⁵⁵ nän³⁵/

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn³⁵ ɕi⁵⁵ nän³⁵/

～布依族苗族自治州 黔西南布依族苗族自治州#Chinese

w:Qianxinan Buyei and Miao Autonomous Prefecture

(～布依族苗族自治州, ～州) Qianxinan Buyei and Miao Autonomous Prefecture (an autonomous prefecture of Guizhou, China)


黔南

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn³⁵ nän³⁵/

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn³⁵ nän³⁵/

～布依族苗族自治州 黔南布依族苗族自治州#Chinese

(～布依族苗族自治州, ～州) Qiannan (an autonomous prefecture of Guizhou, China)


楚雄

/ʈ͡ʂʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi̯ʊŋ³⁵/

/t͡sʰɔː³⁵ hʊŋ²¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi̯ʊŋ³⁵/

/t͡sʰɔː³⁵ hʊŋ²¹/

～彝族自治州 楚雄彝族自治州#Chinese

(～彝族自治州, ～州) Chuxiong (a Yi autonomous prefecture of Yunnan, China)

(～市) Chuxiong (a city in Chuxiong Prefecture, Yunnan, China)


文山

/wən³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/wən³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

～壯族苗族自治州 文山壯族苗族自治州#Chinese

(～壯族苗族自治州, ～州) Wenshan (an autonomous prefecture of Yunnan, China)

(～市, formerly ～縣) Wenshan (a county-level city of Wenshan Prefecture, Yunnan, China, formerly a county)


怒江

→ English: Nujiang

/nu⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/nou̯²² kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/nu⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/nou̯²² kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

～傈僳族自治州 怒江傈僳族自治州#Chinese

(～傈僳族自治州, ～州) Nujiang Lisu Autonomous Prefecture (an autonomous prefecture of Yunnan, China)


迪慶

/ti³⁵ t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵¹/

/tɪk̚² hɪŋ³³/

/ti³⁵ t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵¹/

/tɪk̚² hɪŋ³³/

Borrowed from Tibetan བདེ་ཆེན (bde chen, “great bliss”). Doublet of 德欽／德钦 (Déqīn).

zh-l

德欽／德钦 (Déqīn)

～藏族自治州 迪慶藏族自治州#Chinese

Diqing Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture
w:Diqing Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture

(～藏族自治州, ～州) Diqing Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture (an autonomous prefecture of Yunnan, China)


那曲

/nä⁵¹ t͡ɕʰy²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/nä⁵¹ t͡ɕʰy⁵⁵/

/naː¹³ kʰʊk̚⁵/

/nä⁵¹ t͡ɕʰy²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/nä⁵¹ t͡ɕʰy⁵⁵/

/naː¹³ kʰʊk̚⁵/

Borrowed from Tibetan ནག་ཆུ (nag chu, “black river”).

Black River (a river in the Tibet Autonomous Region, China; the name for the upper reaches of the Salween)

(～市, formerly ～地區) Nagqu (a prefecture-level city of the Tibet Autonomous Region, China)

(historical) (～縣) Nagqu (a former county of Nagqu prefecture, Tibet Autonomous Region, China; now Seni district, Nagqu)

(～鎮) Nagqu (a town in Seni district, Nagqu, Tibet Autonomous Region, China)


臨夏回族自治州

ㄌㄧㄣˊ ㄒㄧㄚˋ ㄏㄨㄟˊ ㄗㄨˊ ㄗˋ ㄓˋ ㄓㄡ

ㄌㄧㄣˊ ㄒㄧㄚˋ ㄏㄨㄟˊ ㄗㄨˊ ㄗˋ ㄓˋ ㄓㄡ

Линься Хуэйцзу Цзычжичжоу

/lin³⁵ ɕi̯ä⁵¹ xu̯eɪ̯³⁵ t͡su³⁵ t͡sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

Linxia Hui Autonomous Prefecture
w:Linxia Hui Autonomous Prefecture

Linxia Hui Autonomous Prefecture (an autonomous prefecture of Gansu, China)


臨夏

/lin³⁵ ɕi̯ä⁵¹/

/lɐm²¹ haː²²/

/lin³⁵ ɕi̯ä⁵¹/

/lɐm²¹ haː²²/

～回族自治州 臨夏回族自治州#Chinese

(～回族自治州) Linxia (a Hui autonomous prefecture of Gansu, China)

(～市) Linxia (a county-level city of Linxia prefecture, Gansu, China)

(～縣) Linxia (a county of Linxia prefecture, Gansu, China)


甘南藏族自治州

ㄍㄢ ㄋㄢˊ ㄗㄤˋ ㄗㄨˊ ㄗˋ ㄓˋ ㄓㄡ

ㄍㄢ ㄋㄢˊ ㄗㄤˋ ㄗㄨˊ ㄗˋ ㄓˋ ㄓㄡ

Ганьнань Цзанцзу Цзычжичжоу

/kän⁵⁵ nän³⁵ t͡sɑŋ⁵¹ t͡su³⁵ t͡sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/kɐm⁵⁵ naːm²¹ t͡sʰɔːŋ²¹ t͡sʊk̚² t͡siː²² t͡siː²² t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture
w:Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture

Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture (an autonomous prefecture of Gansu, China)


甘南

/kän⁵⁵ nän³⁵/

/kän⁵⁵ nän³⁵/

～藏族自治州 甘南藏族自治州#Chinese

(～藏族自治州) Gannan (a Tibetan autonomous prefecture of Gansu, China)

(～縣) Gannan (a county of Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, China)


玉樹

Phono-semantic matching of Tibetan ཡུལ་ཤུལ (yul shul).

psm

/y⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂu⁵¹/

/jʊk̚² syː²²/

/ɡiɔk̚⁴⁻³² t͡sʰiu²²/

/ɡiɔk̚²⁴⁻² t͡sʰiu⁴¹/

/ɡiɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ t͡sʰiu²²/

/ɡiɔk̚⁴⁻³² t͡sʰiu³³/

/ɡiɔk̚⁴⁻³² t͡sʰiu³³/

/y⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂu⁵¹/

/jʊk̚² syː²²/

/ɡiɔk̚⁴⁻³² t͡sʰiu²²/

/ɡiɔk̚²⁴⁻² t͡sʰiu⁴¹/

/ɡiɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ t͡sʰiu²²/

/ɡiɔk̚⁴⁻³² t͡sʰiu³³/

/ɡiɔk̚⁴⁻³² t͡sʰiu³³/

～藏族自治州 玉樹藏族自治州#Chinese

Yushu
w:Yushu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture

(～藏族自治州, ～州) Yushu (an autonomous prefecture of Qinghai, China)

(～市) Yushu (a county-level city of Yushu Prefecture, Qinghai, China)


海西蒙古族藏族自治州

ㄏㄞˇ ㄒㄧ ㄇㄥˇ ㄍㄨˇ ㄗㄨˊ ㄗㄤˋ ㄗㄨˊ ㄗˋ ㄓˋ ㄓㄡ

ㄏㄞˇ ㄒㄧ ㄇㄥˊ ㄍㄨˇ ㄗㄨˊ ㄗㄤˋ ㄗㄨˊ ㄗˋ ㄓˋ ㄓㄡ

Hǎixī Měnggǔzú Zàngzú Zìzhìzhōu [Phonetic:hǎixīménggǔzúzàngzúzìzhìzhōu]

Hai³-hsi¹ Mêng³-ku³-tsu² Tsang⁴-tsu² Tzŭ⁴-chih⁴-chou¹

Hǎi-syī Měng-gǔ-dzú Dzàng-dzú Dz̀-jr̀-jōu

Haeshi Meengguutzwu Tzanqtzwu Tzyhjyhjou

Хайси Мэнгуцзу Цзанцзу Цзычжичжоу

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi⁵⁵ mɤŋ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡su³⁵ t͡sɑŋ⁵¹ t͡su³⁵ t͡sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

Hai³-hsi¹ Mêng²-ku³-tsu² Tsang⁴-tsu² Tzŭ⁴-chih⁴-chou¹

Hǎi-syī Méng-gǔ-dzú Dzàng-dzú Dz̀-jr̀-jōu

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi⁵⁵ mɤŋ³⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡su³⁵ t͡sɑŋ⁵¹ t͡su³⁵ t͡sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

w:Haixi Mongol and Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture

autonomous prefecture
autonomous prefecture

Haixi Mongol and Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture (an autonomous prefecture of Qinghai, China)


海西

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi⁵⁵/

/hɔːi̯³⁵ sɐi̯⁵⁵/

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi⁵⁵/

/hɔːi̯³⁵ sɐi̯⁵⁵/

West (西 (xī)) of the Qinghai Lake (青海湖 (Qīnghǎi Hú)).

～蒙古族藏族自治州 海西蒙古族藏族自治州#Chinese

(～蒙古族藏族自治州, ～州) Haixi (an autonomous prefecture of Qinghai, China)


博爾塔拉

ㄅㄛˊ ㄦˇ ㄊㄚˇ ㄌㄚ

ㄅㄛˊ ㄦˇ ㄊㄚˇ ㄌㄚ

/pu̯ɔ³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ tʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹ lä⁵⁵/

/pu̯ɔ³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ tʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹ lä⁵⁵/

Borrowed from Mongolian ᠪᠣᠷᠣᠲᠠᠯᠠ (borotal-a).

～蒙古自治州 博爾塔拉蒙古自治州#Chinese

(～蒙古自治州, ～州) Bortala (a Mongol autonomous prefecture in the Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


巴音郭楞

desc

→ English: Bayinguoleng, Pa-yin-kuo-leng

ㄅㄚ ㄧㄣ ㄍㄨㄛ ㄌㄥˊ

ㄅㄚ ㄧㄣ ㄍㄨㄛ ㄌㄥˊ

/pä⁵⁵ in⁵⁵ ku̯ɔ⁵⁵ lɤŋ³⁵/

/pä⁵⁵ in⁵⁵ ku̯ɔ⁵⁵ lɤŋ³⁵/

Borrowed from Uyghur بايىنغولىن (bayin'gholin), from Mongolian ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨᠭᠣᠣᠯ (bayanɣool).

～蒙古自治州 巴音郭楞蒙古自治州#Chinese

(～蒙古自治州, ～州) Bayingolin, Bayinguoleng (a Mongol autonomous prefecture in the Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


克孜勒蘇

→ English: Kezilesu, K'o-tzu-le-su, K'o-tzu-lo-su

ㄎㄜˋ ㄗ ㄌㄜˋ ㄙㄨ

ㄎㄜˋ ㄗ ㄌㄜˋ ㄙㄨ

/kʰɤ⁵¹ t͡sz̩⁵⁵ lɤ⁵¹ su⁵⁵/

/kʰɤ⁵¹ t͡sz̩⁵⁵ lɤ⁵¹ su⁵⁵/

Borrowed from Kyrgyz قىزىلسۋ / Кызылсуу (Kızılsuu, “red water”).

bor

Kyrgyz قىزىلسۋ

～柯爾克孜自治州 克孜勒蘇柯爾克孜自治州#Chinese

(～柯爾克孜自治州, ～州) Kizilsu (a Kirghiz Autonomous Prefecture in the Xinjiang autonomous region, China)

(～鄉) Kizilsu (a township in Payzawat, Kashgar prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


伊犁

/jiː⁵⁵ lɐi̯²¹/

/jiː⁵⁵ lɐi̯²¹/

Dīwān Lughāt al-Turk
Old Book of Tang
Tongdian

Borrowed from Manchu ᡳᠯᡳ (ili), from Written Oirat ᡅᠯᡅ (ili).
Further etymology is not clear. In the Dīwān Lughāt al-Turk, compiled in the 11th century, the toponym is recorded as اِلا and glossed as the name of a river. 伊麗 (MC 'jij lje|lejH) and 伊列 (MC 'jij ljet), older Chinese translations of the name of the river, are attested in the Tongdian [801 CE] and the Old Book of Tang [945 CE].

(～地區) (historical) Ili (a former prefecture of the Xinjiang autonomous region, China)

～哈薩克自治州 伊犁哈薩克自治州#Chinese

(～哈薩克自治州, ～州) Ili (a Kazakh autonomous prefecture in the Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


魔都

/mu̯ɔ³⁵ tu⁵⁵/

/mu̯ɔ³⁵ tu⁵⁵/

Originated from Shōfu Muramatsu's novel Mato (“魔都”, 1924). Its title was a reference to Shanghai, which was then prosperous but plagued by vices and crimes. This term was repopularized in China circa 2000.

(neologism, slang) derogatory name for Shanghai: a major port city and direct-administered municipality of China


英德

→ English: Yingde, Ying-te

/jɪŋ⁵⁵ tɐk̚⁵/

/jɪŋ⁵⁵ tɐk̚⁵/

英德紅茶

英德红茶

(～市) Yingde (a county-level city of Guangdong, China)


玉山

/ɡiɔk̚⁴⁻³² san⁴⁴/

/ɡiɔk̚²⁴⁻² san³³/

/ɡiɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ san⁴⁴/

/ɡiɔk̚⁴⁻³² san⁴⁴/

/ɡiɔk̚⁴⁻³² san⁴⁴/

/ɡiɔk̚⁴⁻³² san⁴⁴/

/ɡiɔk̚²⁴⁻² san³³/

/ɡiɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ san⁴⁴/

/ɡiɔk̚⁴⁻³² san⁴⁴/

/ɡiɔk̚⁴⁻³² san⁴⁴/

(～縣) Yushan (a county of Jiangxi, China)

(～鎮) Yushan (a town in Lantian, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China)


亞東

/jä⁵¹ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/jä²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/aː³³ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/a⁴⁴⁻²² taŋ⁴⁴/

/a⁴⁴⁻²² taŋ⁴⁴/

/a⁴⁴⁻³³ taŋ⁴⁴/

/a⁴⁴⁻³³ taŋ⁴⁴/

/jä⁵¹ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/jä²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/aː³³ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/a⁴⁴⁻²² taŋ⁴⁴/

/a⁴⁴⁻²² taŋ⁴⁴/

/a⁴⁴⁻³³ taŋ⁴⁴/

/a⁴⁴⁻³³ taŋ⁴⁴/

(～縣) Yadong (a county of Shigatse, Tibet Autonomous Region, China)


高陽

/kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ jɑŋ³⁵/

/kou̯⁵⁵ jœːŋ²¹/

/kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ jɑŋ³⁵/

/kou̯⁵⁵ jœːŋ²¹/

(～縣) Gaoyang (a county of Baoding, Hebei, China)

(～鎮) Gaoyang (a town in Shayang, Jingmen, Hubei, China)


九里

/t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kɐu̯³⁵ lei̯¹³/

/t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kɐu̯³⁵ lei̯¹³/

(～鄉) Jiuli (a township in Zhongxiang, Jingmen, Hubei, China)

(～村) Jiuli (a village in Maoping, Zigui, Yichang, Hubei, China)


全州

/t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰyːn²¹ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰyːn²¹ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

(～縣) Quanzhou County (a county of Guilin, Guangxi autonomous region, China)


安東

→ English: Antung

/ˀän⁵⁵ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/ɔːn⁵⁵ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/an⁴⁴⁻²² taŋ⁴⁴/

/an⁴⁴⁻²² taŋ⁴⁴/

/an⁴⁴⁻³³ taŋ⁴⁴/

/an⁴⁴⁻³³ taŋ⁴⁴/

/ˀän⁵⁵ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/ɔːn⁵⁵ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/an⁴⁴⁻²² taŋ⁴⁴/

/an⁴⁴⁻²² taŋ⁴⁴/

/an⁴⁴⁻³³ taŋ⁴⁴/

/an⁴⁴⁻³³ taŋ⁴⁴/

(～省) (historical) Andong (a former province of China)


馬山

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

(～縣) Mashan County (a county of the Guangxi autonomous region, China)

(～鎮) Mashan (a town in Jingzhou district, Jingzhou, Hubei, China)


奉天

/fɤŋ⁵¹ tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/fʊŋ²² tʰiːn⁵⁵/

/fɤŋ⁵¹ tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/fʊŋ²² tʰiːn⁵⁵/

(～省) (historical) Fengtian (a former province of China, covering present-day Liaoning)


香格里拉

ㄒㄧㄤ ㄍㄜˊ ㄌㄧˇ ㄌㄚ

ㄒㄧㄤ ㄍㄜˊ ㄌㄧˇ ㄌㄚ

/ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ kɤ³⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ lä⁵⁵/

/hœːŋ⁵⁵ kaːk̚³ lei̯¹³ laːi̯⁵⁵/

/ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ kɤ³⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ lä⁵⁵/

/hœːŋ⁵⁵ kaːk̚³ lei̯¹³ laːi̯⁵⁵/

Borrowed from English Shangri-La; compare 香巴拉 (Xiāngbālā, “Shambala”).

(～市) Shangri-La City (a county-level city of Diqing prefecture, Yunnan, China)

(～鎮) Xianggelila (a town in Daocheng, Garzê prefecture, Sichuan, China)


大英

/taːi̯²² jɪŋ⁵⁵/

/taːi̯²² jɪŋ⁵⁵/

(～縣) Daying County (a county of Sichuan, China)


瀾滄

/län³⁵ t͡sʰɑŋ⁵⁵/

/laːn²¹ t͡sʰɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/län³⁵ t͡sʰɑŋ⁵⁵/

/laːn²¹ t͡sʰɔːŋ⁵⁵/

Borrowed from Lao ລ້ານຊ້າງ (lān sāng, “Lan Xang”, literally “million elephants”). Compare Thai ล้านช้าง (láan-cháang).

～拉祜族自治縣 瀾滄拉祜族自治縣#Chinese

Lancang Lahu Autonomous County
w:Lancang Lahu Autonomous County

(～拉祜族自治縣, ～縣) Lancang Lahu Autonomous County (an autonomous county of Pu'er, Yunnan, China)


布吉

/pu⁵¹ t͡ɕi³⁵/

/pu⁵¹ t͡ɕi³⁵/

First appeared in the name of the Buji train station, opened in 1911; from 布隔, the name of a village, in turn from 莆隔, the earlier name.

(～街道) Buji (a subdistrict of Longgang district, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China)


瑞麗

/ʐu̯eɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹/

/sɵy̯²² lɐi̯²²/

/ʐu̯eɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹/

/sɵy̯²² lɐi̯²²/

(～市) Ruili (a county-level city of Dehong Prefecture, Yunnan, China)


海南島

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ nän³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/hɔːi̯³⁵ naːm²¹ tou̯³⁵/

/hai³³⁻³⁵ nˡaŋ⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾no³³/

/hai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lam²⁴⁻²² to⁵³/

/hai⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ lam²⁴⁻²² to⁵⁵⁴/

/hai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lam¹³⁻²² to⁵³/

/hai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lam²⁴⁻¹¹ to⁵³/

/hai⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ lam²³⁻³³ tɤ⁴¹/

/hai⁵²⁻³⁵ lam⁵⁵⁻¹¹ tau⁵²/

/he³³ nø⁵⁵ tɔ²¹/

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ nän³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/hɔːi̯³⁵ naːm²¹ tou̯³⁵/

/hai³³⁻³⁵ nˡaŋ⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾no³³/

/hai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lam²⁴⁻²² to⁵³/

/hai⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ lam²⁴⁻²² to⁵⁵⁴/

/hai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lam¹³⁻²² to⁵³/

/hai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lam²⁴⁻¹¹ to⁵³/

/hai⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ lam²³⁻³³ tɤ⁴¹/

/hai⁵²⁻³⁵ lam⁵⁵⁻¹¹ tau⁵²/

/he³³ nø⁵⁵ tɔ²¹/

Hainan Island (an island of Hainan, China)


長龍

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ lʊŋ³⁵/

/t͡sʰœːŋ²¹ lʊŋ²¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ lʊŋ³⁵/

/t͡sʰœːŋ²¹ lʊŋ²¹/

(～鎮, formerly ～鄉) Changlong (a town in Lianjiang, Fuzhou, Fujian, China, formerly a township)


回車

/xu̯eɪ̯³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤ⁵⁵/

/xu̯eɪ̯³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤɻ⁵⁵/

/wuːi̯²¹ t͡sʰɛː⁵⁵/

/xu̯eɪ̯³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤ⁵⁵/

/xu̯eɪ̯³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤɻ⁵⁵/

/wuːi̯²¹ t͡sʰɛː⁵⁵/

(～鎮) Huiche (a town in Xixia, Henan, China)


烏桓

/u⁵⁵ xu̯än³⁵/

/u⁵⁵ xu̯än³⁵/

north of Ar Horqin Banner
north of Ar Horqin Banner#English

(～山), Mount Wuhuan (a mountain in north of Ar Horqin Banner, Inner Mongolia, China)


高車

/kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤ⁵⁵/

/kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ t͡ɕy⁵⁵/

/kou̯⁵⁵ t͡sʰɛː⁵⁵/

/kou̯⁵⁵ kɵy̯⁵⁵/

/kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤ⁵⁵/

/kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ t͡ɕy⁵⁵/

/kou̯⁵⁵ t͡sʰɛː⁵⁵/

/kou̯⁵⁵ kɵy̯⁵⁵/

(～鄉) Gaoche (a township in Zhangzhou, Fujian, China)

(～村) Gaoche (a village in Gaoche, Zhangzhou, Fujian, China)


塔里木河

ㄊㄚˇ ㄌㄧˇ ㄇㄨˋ ㄏㄜˊ

ㄊㄚˇ ㄌㄧˇ ㄇㄨˋ ㄏㄜˊ

/tʰä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ mu⁵¹ xɤ³⁵/

/tʰaːp̚³ lei̯¹³ mʊk̚² hɔː²¹/

/tʰä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ mu⁵¹ xɤ³⁵/

/tʰaːp̚³ lei̯¹³ mʊk̚² hɔː²¹/

zh-l

塔里木 (Tǎlǐmù)

Tarim River (a river in the Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


雅魯藏布江

ㄧㄚˇ ㄌㄨˇ ㄗㄤˋ ㄅㄨˋ ㄐㄧㄤ

ㄧㄚˇ ㄌㄨˇ ㄗㄤˋ ㄅㄨˋ ㄐㄧㄤ

Ялуцзанбу Цзян

/jä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ lu²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡sɑŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ pu⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/ŋaː¹³ lou̯¹³ t͡sɔːŋ²² pou̯³³ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/ŋaː¹³ lou̯¹³ t͡sɔːŋ²² pou̯³³ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

See 雅魯藏布／雅鲁藏布 (Yǎlǔzàngbù).

雅魯藏布／雅鲁藏布 (Yǎlǔzàngbù)

Yarlung Tsangpo (a river in the Tibet Autonomous Region, China)


靈渠

/liŋ³⁵ t͡ɕʰy³⁵/

/lɪŋ²¹ kʰɵy̯²¹/

/liŋ³⁵ t͡ɕʰy³⁵/

/lɪŋ²¹ kʰɵy̯²¹/

Lingqu Canal (a canal in Xina'an, Guilin, Guangxi autonomous region, China)


岷江

/min³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/mɐn²¹ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/min³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/mɐn²¹ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

Min River (a river in Sichuan Province, China)


烏江

/u⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/wuː⁵⁵ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/u⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/wuː⁵⁵ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

Wu River (a river in Guizhou, China), a tributary of the Yangtze

(～縣) Wujiang County (an ancient county in modern-day Anhui, China)


鄱陽

/pʰu̯ɔ³⁵ jɑŋ³⁵/

/pʰɔː²¹ jœːŋ²¹/

/pɔː³³ jœːŋ²¹/

/pʰueŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ iaŋ⁵⁵/

/pʰu̯ɔ³⁵ jɑŋ³⁵/

/pʰɔː²¹ jœːŋ²¹/

/pɔː³³ jœːŋ²¹/

/pʰueŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ iaŋ⁵⁵/

(～湖) Poyang Lake (a lake in the prefecture-level city of Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China)

(～縣) Poyang County (a county of the prefecture-level city of Shangrao, Jiangxi, China; formerly, 波陽 /波阳 (Bōyáng) (between 1957 and 2003))


洪澤湖

ㄏㄨㄥˊ ㄗㄜˊ ㄏㄨˊ

ㄏㄨㄥˊ ㄗㄜˊ ㄏㄨˊ

/xʊŋ³⁵ t͡sɤ³⁵ xu³⁵/

/hʊŋ²¹ t͡saːk̚² wuː²¹/

/xʊŋ³⁵ t͡sɤ³⁵ xu³⁵/

/hʊŋ²¹ t͡saːk̚² wuː²¹/

Hongze Lake (a lake in Jiangsu, China), since the Tang.


洪澤

/xʊŋ³⁵ t͡sɤ³⁵/

/hʊŋ²¹ t͡saːk̚²/

/xʊŋ³⁵ t͡sɤ³⁵/

/hʊŋ²¹ t͡saːk̚²/

(～區) Hongze (a district of Huai'an, Jiangsu, China)

(～湖) Hongze (a lake in Jiangsu, China), since the Tang

(historical) (～塘) Hongze (a lake in Jiangsu, China), under the Sui and early Tang


納木錯

ㄋㄚˋ ㄇㄨˋ ㄘㄨㄛˋ

ㄋㄚˋ ㄇㄨˋ ㄘㄨㄛˋ

/nä⁵¹⁻⁵³ mu⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡sʰu̯ɔ⁵¹/

/naːp̚² mʊk̚² t͡sʰɔː³³/

/nä⁵¹⁻⁵³ mu⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡sʰu̯ɔ⁵¹/

/naːp̚² mʊk̚² t͡sʰɔː³³/

Borrowed from Tibetan གནམ་མཚོ (gnam mtsho).

Namtso (a lake in the Tibet Autonomous Region, China)


色林錯

ㄙㄜˋ ㄌㄧㄣˊ ㄘㄨㄛˋ

ㄙㄜˋ ㄌㄧㄣˊ ㄘㄨㄛˋ

/sɤ⁵¹ lin³⁵ t͡sʰu̯ɔ⁵¹/

/sɤ⁵¹ lin³⁵ t͡sʰu̯ɔ⁵¹/

Borrowed from Tibetan སེར་གླིང་མཚོ (ser gling mtsho) or ཟེ་ལིང་མཚོ (ze ling mtsho).

bor

སེར་གླིང་མཚོ

Siling Lake (a lake in the Tibet Autonomous Region, China)


羅布泊

ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄅㄨˋ ㄅㄛˊ

ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄅㄨˋ ㄆㄛˋ

/lu̯ɔ³⁵ pu⁵¹ pʰu̯ɔ⁵⁵/

/lu̯ɔ³⁵ pu⁵¹ pu̯ɔ³⁵/

/lu̯ɔ³⁵ pu⁵¹⁻⁵³ pʰu̯ɔ⁵¹/

/lɔː²¹ pou̯³³ pɔːk̚²/

/lu̯ɔ³⁵ pu⁵¹ pʰu̯ɔ⁵⁵/

/lu̯ɔ³⁵ pu⁵¹ pu̯ɔ³⁵/

/lu̯ɔ³⁵ pu⁵¹⁻⁵³ pʰu̯ɔ⁵¹/

/lɔː²¹ pou̯³³ pɔːk̚²/

Partial calque of Written Oirat ᠯᠣ᠊ᠫ
ᠨᡇᡇᠷ (Lob nuur), from ᠯᠣ᠊ᠫ (Lob) + ᠨᡇᡇᠷ (nuur, “lake”), where the former is itself of unknown origin from older times.
A detailed discussion on the etymology of this word can be found in Notes on Marco Polo, by French Sinologist Paul Pelliot. Compare English Lop Nur.

partial calque

(～鎮) Luobupo (a town in Ruoqiang, Bayingolin prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


祁連

/t͡ɕʰi³⁵ li̯ɛn³⁵/

/t͡ɕʰi³⁵ li̯ɛn³⁵/

Qilian is said to be as a Xiongnu word meaning "sky" according to Yan Shigu, a Tang Dynasty commentator on the Hanshu.
Further etymology uncertain:
* Chen (1998) proposes cognation with 天 (OC *hlin) and 赫連 (OC *khak-lian), transcriptions of a Xiongnu word for "sky", which he also relates to 昊天 (OC *g'ôg-hlin);
* Schuessler (2014) objects to Yan Shigu's statement that 祁連 was a Xiongnu word; he reconstructs 祁連's pronunciation around 121 BCE as *gɨ-lian and thinks that 乾 (OC *gran) (> QYS *gjän) "looks like the same etymon".

Qilian Mountain means 'Sky Mountain', the Xiongnu called the sky 'qilian'

Qílián Shān jí tiānshān yě, Xiōngnú hū tiān wèi qílián

祁連山即天山也，匈奴呼天為祁連

祁连山即天山也，匈奴呼天为祁连

(～縣) Qilian (a county of Haibei, Qinghai, China)


泗水

/sz̩⁵¹ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/siː³³ sɵy̯³⁵/

/sz̩⁵¹ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/siː³³ sɵy̯³⁵/

(～縣) Sishui (a county of Jining, Shandong, China)


巴東

→ English: Badong, Pa-tung

/pä⁵⁵ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/paː⁵⁵ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/pä⁵⁵ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/paː⁵⁵ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

(～縣) Badong (a county of Enshi prefecture, Hubei, China)


二連

/ˀɤɻ⁵¹ li̯ɛn³⁵/

/ˀɤɻ⁵¹ li̯ɛn³⁵/

二連浩特 二連浩特#Chinese

二连浩特 二连浩特#Chinese

short for 二連浩特／二连浩特 (Èrliánhàotè): Erenhot (a county-level city of Xilingol, Inner Mongolia autonomous region, China)


康定

/kʰɑŋ⁵⁵ tiŋ⁵¹/

/hɔːŋ⁵⁵ tɪŋ²²/

/kʰɑŋ⁵⁵ tiŋ⁵¹/

/hɔːŋ⁵⁵ tɪŋ²²/

(～市) Kangding (a county-level city of Garzê prefecture, Sichuan, China)


康保

/kʰɑŋ⁵⁵ pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/hɔːŋ⁵⁵ pou̯³⁵/

/kʰɑŋ⁵⁵ pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/hɔːŋ⁵⁵ pou̯³⁵/

From 康巴諾爾／康巴诺尔 (Kāngbā Nuò'ěr), the name of a lake in the county's south, which is in turn from Mongolian [script needed] (kang-ba, “beautiful”) + ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ (naɣur, “lake”).

zh-l

康巴諾爾／康巴诺尔 (Kāngbā Nuò'ěr)

der

(～縣) Kangbao (a county of Zhangjiakou, Hebei, China)


商都

/ʂɑŋ⁵⁵ tu⁵⁵/

/sœːŋ⁵⁵ tou̯⁵⁵/

/ʂɑŋ⁵⁵ tu⁵⁵/

/sœːŋ⁵⁵ tou̯⁵⁵/

Borrowed from Manchu [script needed] (šang-du?, “whirlpool”), describing the appearance of the Budong River as it joins the lake 察汗淖爾／察汗淖尔.

bor

(～縣) Shangdu County (a county of the Inner Mongolia autonomous region, China)


昌圖

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ⁵⁵ tʰu³⁵/

/t͡sʰœːŋ⁵⁵ tʰou̯²¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ⁵⁵ tʰu³⁵/

/t͡sʰœːŋ⁵⁵ tʰou̯²¹/

From Mongolian [script needed] (chang-tu e-r-ke / 常突額爾克, “frost-covered cliff”); compare Mongolian ᠴᠠᠩᠲᠤᠬᠤ (čangtuqu, “covered with frost”) and ᠡᠷᠭᠢ (ergi, “shore, brink, precipice”).

cog

(～縣) Changtu (a county of Tieling, Liaoning, China)


舒蘭

/ʂu⁵⁵ län³⁵/

/ʂu⁵⁵ län³⁵/

Borrowed from Manchu ᡧᡠᠯᡥᡝ (šulhe, “pear; fruit”).

(～市) Shulan (a county-level city of Jilin City, Jilin, China)


雙陽

/ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ jɑŋ³⁵/

/sœːŋ⁵⁵ jœːŋ²¹/

/ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ jɑŋ³⁵/

/sœːŋ⁵⁵ jœːŋ²¹/

Borrowed from Manchu ᠰᡠᠸᠠᠨ (suwan), from ᠰᡠᠸᠠᠶᠠᠨ (suwayan, “yellow”), in reference to the yellowish appearance of the Shuangyang River flowing in the area.

(～鄉) Shuangyang (a township in Wuxi, Chongqing, China)


寶清

/pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵/

/pou̯³⁵ t͡sʰɪŋ⁵⁵/

/pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵/

/pou̯³⁵ t͡sʰɪŋ⁵⁵/

Took its name from the Baoqing River to the south of the town, which was a loanword from Mongolian ᠪᠡᠴᠢᠨ (bečin, “monkey”) or Manchu ᠪᠣᠴᡳᡥᡝ (bocihe, “ugly”).

(～縣) Baoqing County (a county of Heilongjiang, China)

(～鎮) Baoqing Town (a town in Baoqing County, Heilongjiang, China)


集賢

/t͡ɕi³⁵ ɕi̯ɛn³⁵/

/t͡ɕi³⁵ ɕi̯ɛn³⁵/

(～縣) Jixian County (a county of Heilongjiang, China)

(～鎮) Jixian Town (a town in Shaanxi, China)

(～鄉) Jixian Township (a township in Sichuan, China)


綏稜

/su̯eɪ̯³⁵ lɤŋ³⁵/

/su̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ lɤŋ³⁵/

/sɵy̯⁵⁵ lɪŋ²¹/

/su̯eɪ̯³⁵ lɤŋ³⁵/

/su̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ lɤŋ³⁵/

/sɵy̯⁵⁵ lɪŋ²¹/

Named after the Suileng Mountain (綏楞山／绥楞山) in its north, derived from Manchu ᠰᡠᡳᠯᠠᠨ (suilan, “hornet”).

(～縣) Suileng County (a county of Heilongjiang, China)


江孜

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ t͡sz̩⁵⁵/

/kɔːŋ⁵⁵ t͡siː⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ t͡sz̩⁵⁵/

/kɔːŋ⁵⁵ t͡siː⁵⁵/

Borrowed from Tibetan རྒྱལ་རྩེ (rgyal rtse).

(～縣) Gyantse (a county of Shigatse, Tibet Autonomous Region, China)

(～鎮) Gyantse (a town in Gyantse County, Shigatse, Tibet Autonomous Region, China)


江達

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ tä³⁵/

/kɔːŋ⁵⁵ taːt̚²/

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ tä³⁵/

/kɔːŋ⁵⁵ taːt̚²/

Borrowed from Tibetan འཇོ་མདའ ('jo mda').

(～縣) Jomda (a county of Chamdo, Tibet Autonomous Region, China)


萬榮

/wän⁵¹ ʐʊŋ³⁵/

/maːn²² wɪŋ²¹/

/maŋ¹¹ yŋ¹³/

/maŋ²¹ yŋ²⁴/

/ban²²⁻²¹ iɪŋ²⁴/

/ban⁴¹⁻²² iɪŋ²⁴/

/ban²²⁻²¹ iɪŋ¹³/

/ban³³⁻¹¹ iɪŋ²⁴/

/ban³³⁻²¹ iɪŋ²³/

/wän⁵¹ ʐʊŋ³⁵/

/maːn²² wɪŋ²¹/

/maŋ¹¹ yŋ¹³/

/maŋ²¹ yŋ²⁴/

/ban²²⁻²¹ iɪŋ²⁴/

/ban⁴¹⁻²² iɪŋ²⁴/

/ban²²⁻²¹ iɪŋ¹³/

/ban³³⁻¹¹ iɪŋ²⁴/

/ban³³⁻²¹ iɪŋ²³/

(～縣) Wanrong (a county of Yuncheng, Shanxi, China)


洛浦

→ English: Lo-p'u, Luopu

/lu̯ɔ⁵¹ pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lu̯ɔ⁵¹ pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(～縣) Lop, Luopu (a county of Hotan prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)

(～鎮) Lop, Luopu (a town in Lop, Hotan prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


延吉

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (延吉):
* → Korean: 연길(延吉) (Yeon'gil)

→ Korean: 옌지 (Yenji)

/jɛn³⁵ t͡ɕi³⁵/

/jɛn³⁵ t͡ɕi³⁵/

From earlier 煙集崗／烟集岗 (Yānjígǎng), further etymology unknown.

zh-l

煙集崗／烟集岗 (Yānjígǎng)

(～市) Yanji (a county-level city of Yanbian prefecture, Jilin, China)


凱里

/kʰaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/hɔːi̯³⁵ lei̯¹³/

/kʰaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/hɔːi̯³⁵ lei̯¹³/

(～市) Kaili (a county-level city of Qiandongnan prefecture, Guizhou, China)


景洪

/t͡ɕiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ xʊŋ³⁵/

/kɪŋ³⁵ hʊŋ²¹/

/kiɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hɔŋ²⁴/

/kiɪŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ hɔŋ²⁴/

/kiɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hɔŋ¹³/

/kiɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hɔŋ²⁴/

/kiɪŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ hɔŋ²³/

/t͡ɕiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ xʊŋ³⁵/

/kɪŋ³⁵ hʊŋ²¹/

/kiɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hɔŋ²⁴/

/kiɪŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ hɔŋ²⁴/

/kiɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hɔŋ¹³/

/kiɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hɔŋ²⁴/

/kiɪŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ hɔŋ²³/

(～市) Jinghong (a county-level city of Xishuangbanna, Yunnan, China)


畹町

/wän²¹⁴⁻²¹ tiŋ⁵⁵/

/jyːn³⁵ tɪŋ⁵⁵/

/wän²¹⁴⁻²¹ tiŋ⁵⁵/

/jyːn³⁵ tɪŋ⁵⁵/

Borrowed from Tai Nüa ᥝᥢᥰ ᥖᥥᥒ (wän teng, “the sun shining overhead”).

bor

(～鎮) Wanding (a town in Ruili, Dehong prefecture, Yunnan, China)

(～市) (historical) Wanding (a former county-level city of Dehong prefecture, Yunnan, China, now part of Ruili City)


思茅

/sz̩⁵⁵ mɑʊ̯³⁵/

/siː⁵⁵ maːu̯²¹/

/sz̩⁵⁵ mɑʊ̯³⁵/

/siː⁵⁵ maːu̯²¹/

(～區) Simao (a district of Pu'er, Yunnan, China)

(～街道) Simao (a subdistrict of Simao district, Pu'er, Yunnan, China)


騰衝

→ English: T'eng-ch'ung, Tengchong

/tʰɤŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰʊŋ⁵⁵/

/tʰɐŋ²¹ t͡sʰʊŋ⁵⁵/

/tʰɤŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰʊŋ⁵⁵/

/tʰɐŋ²¹ t͡sʰʊŋ⁵⁵/

(～市) Tengchong (a county-level city of Baoshan, Yunnan, China)


漠河

/mu̯ɔ⁵¹ xɤ³⁵/

/mɔːk̚² hɔː²¹/

/mu̯ɔ⁵¹ xɤ³⁵/

/mɔːk̚² hɔː²¹/

Partial calque of Manchu ᠮᠣ
ᠪᡳᡵᠠ (mo bira).

pcal

(～市, formerly ～縣) Mohe (a county-level city and former county of Heilongjiang, China)


左權

→ English: Tsochuan, Zuoquan

/t͡su̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn³⁵/

/t͡sɔː³⁵ kʰyːn²¹/

/t͡su̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn³⁵/

/t͡sɔː³⁵ kʰyːn²¹/

Named after Chinese Red Army general 左權 (Zuo Quan) (1905-1942) in 1942.

(～縣) Zuoquan (a county of Jinzhong, Shanxi, China)


黃驊

/xu̯ɑŋ³⁵ xu̯ä³⁵/

/wɔːŋ²¹ waː²¹/

/xu̯ɑŋ³⁵ xu̯ä³⁵/

/wɔːŋ²¹ waː²¹/

(～市, formerly ～縣) Huanghua (a county-level city and former county of Cangzhou, Hebei, China)


徐匯

/ɕy³⁵ xu̯eɪ̯⁵¹/

/t͡sʰɵy̯²¹ wuːi̯²²/

/t͡sʰi²⁴⁻²² hue²²/

/t͡sʰi²⁴⁻²² hue⁴¹/

/t͡sʰi¹³⁻²² hue²²/

/t͡sʰi²⁴⁻¹¹ hue³³/

/t͡sʰi²³⁻³³ hue³³/

/ʑi²² ɦue⁴⁴/

/ɕy³⁵ xu̯eɪ̯⁵¹/

/t͡sʰɵy̯²¹ wuːi̯²²/

/t͡sʰi²⁴⁻²² hue²²/

/t͡sʰi²⁴⁻²² hue⁴¹/

/t͡sʰi¹³⁻²² hue²²/

/t͡sʰi²⁴⁻¹¹ hue³³/

/t͡sʰi²³⁻³³ hue³³/

/ʑi²² ɦue⁴⁴/

After 徐家匯／徐家汇 (Xújiāhuì); a locality within the district.

zh-l

徐家匯／徐家汇 (Xújiāhuì)

(～區) Xuhui (a district of Shanghai, China)


太康

/tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ kʰɑŋ⁵⁵/

/tʰaːi̯³³ hɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ kʰɑŋ⁵⁵/

/tʰaːi̯³³ hɔːŋ⁵⁵/

(～縣) Taikang (a county of Zhoukou, Henan, China)


志丹

/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹ tän⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹ tän⁵⁵/

Named after Chinese military commander 劉志丹 (Liu Zhidan) in 1936.

named-after

(～縣) Zhidan (a county of Yan'an, Shaanxi, China)


吳起

/u³⁵ t͡ɕʰi²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ŋ̍²¹ hei̯³⁵/

/u³⁵ t͡ɕʰi²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ŋ̍²¹ hei̯³⁵/

Named after Chinese military leader, philosopher, and politician 吳起 (Wu Qi) (440-381 BC).

named-after

(～縣) Wuqi (a county of Yan'an, Shaanxi, China)


繁峙

/fän³⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/fän³⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

(～縣) Fanshi (a county of Xinzhou, Shanxi, China)


筠連

/t͡ɕyn⁵⁵ li̯ɛn³⁵/

/t͡ɕyn⁵⁵ li̯ɛn³⁵/

(～縣) Junlian County (a county of Sichuan, China)


穆稜

/mʊk̚² lɪŋ²¹/

/mʊk̚² lɪŋ²¹/

Named after the nearby Muling River (穆稜河), from Manchu ᠮᠣᡵᡳᠨ (morin, “horse”) + 河 (hé, “river”).

(～市) Muling (a county-level city of Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang, China)


鉛山

/jɛn³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/jɛn³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

Yanshan County
w:Yanshan County, Jiangxi

(～縣) Yanshan County (a county of Jiangxi, China)


樂清

/ɥɛ⁵¹ t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵/

/ŋɔːk̚² t͡sʰɪŋ⁵⁵/

/ɥɛ⁵¹ t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵/

/ŋɔːk̚² t͡sʰɪŋ⁵⁵/

(～市) Yueqing (a county-level city of Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China)


任丘

/ʐən³⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵/

/ʐən⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵/

/jɐm²² jɐu̯⁵⁵/

/ʐən³⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵/

/ʐən⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵/

/jɐm²² jɐu̯⁵⁵/

(～市) Renqiu (a county-level city of Cangzhou, Hebei, China)


任縣

/ʐən³⁵ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/ʐən³⁵ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

Ren County (a former county of Hebei, China; now Renze district, Xingtai, Hebei)


莘縣

/ʂən⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/ʂən⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

Shen County (a county of Shandong, China)


犍為

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn³⁵ weɪ̯³⁵/

/kʰiːn²¹ wɐi̯²¹/

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn³⁵ weɪ̯³⁵/

/kʰiːn²¹ wɐi̯²¹/

(～縣) Qianwei County (a county of Leshan, Sichuan, China)


樅陽

/t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ jɑŋ³⁵/

/t͡sʰʊŋ⁵⁵ jœːŋ²¹/

/t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ jɑŋ³⁵/

/t͡sʰʊŋ⁵⁵ jœːŋ²¹/

(～縣) Zongyang (a county of Tongling, Anhui, China)

(～鎮) Zongyang (a town in Zongyang, Tongling, Anhui, China)


歙縣

/ʂɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/ʂɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

She County (a county of Huangshan, Anhui, China)


蔚縣

/y⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/y⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

Yu County (a county of Zhangjiakou, Hebei, China)


黃陂

→ English: Huangpi, Huang-pei

/xu̯ɑŋ³⁵ pʰi³⁵/

/xu̯ɑŋ³⁵ pʰi³⁵/

(～區, formerly ～縣) Huangpi (a district and former county of Wuhan, Hubei, China)


吳堡

/u³⁵ pu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ŋ̍²¹ pou̯³⁵/

/u³⁵ pu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ŋ̍²¹ pou̯³⁵/

(～縣) Wubu (a county of Yulin, Shaanxi, China)


監利

/t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹/

/t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵ li⁵¹/

/t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹/

/t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵ li⁵¹/

(～縣) Jianli (a county of Jingzhou, Hubei, China)


泌陽

/pi⁵¹ jɑŋ³⁵/

/pɐt̚² jœːŋ²¹/

/pi⁵¹ jɑŋ³⁵/

/pɐt̚² jœːŋ²¹/

(～縣) Biyang (a county of Zhumadian, Henan, China)


滎經

/iŋ³⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵/

/iŋ³⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵/

(～縣) Yingjing County (a county of Sichuan, China)


濬縣

/ɕyn⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/ɕyn⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/


渦陽

/ku̯ɔ⁵⁵ jɑŋ³⁵/

/kʷɔː⁵⁵ jœːŋ²¹/

/ku̯ɔ⁵⁵ jɑŋ³⁵/

/kʷɔː⁵⁵ jœːŋ²¹/

(～縣) Guoyang (a county of Bozhou, Anhui, China)


黃鶴樓

ja-r

黄鶴楼(こうかくろう) (Kōkakurō)

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (黃鶴樓):
* → Japanese: 黄鶴楼(こうかくろう) (Kōkakurō)
* → Korean: 황학루(黃鶴樓) (Hwanghangnu)
* → Vietnamese: Hoàng Hạc Lâu (黃鶴樓)

ㄏㄨㄤˊ ㄏㄜˋ ㄌㄡˊ

ㄏㄨㄤˊ ㄏㄜˋ ㄌㄡˊ

/xu̯ɑŋ³⁵ xɤ⁵¹ loʊ̯³⁵/

/wɔːŋ²¹ hɔːk̚² lɐu̯²¹/

/xu̯ɑŋ³⁵ xɤ⁵¹ loʊ̯³⁵/

/wɔːŋ²¹ hɔːk̚² lɐu̯²¹/

(～街道) Huanghelou (a subdistrict of Wuchang district, Wuhan, Hubei, China)


藍田

→ English: Lam Tin, Lantian, Lantien

/län³⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/län³⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

; "Lantian, Shaanxi"
; "Lam Tin, Kwun Tong district, Hong Kong"

(～縣) Lantian (a county of Xi'an, Shaanxi, China)

(～街道) Lantian (a subdistrict of Lianyuan, Loudi, Hunan, China)


灣仔

/wän⁵⁵ t͡saɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/waːn⁵⁵ t͡sɐi̯³⁵/

/wän⁵⁵ t͡saɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/waːn⁵⁵ t͡sɐi̯³⁵/

(～街道) Wanzai (a subdistrict of Xiangzhou district, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China)


東涌

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰʊŋ⁵⁵/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡sʰʊŋ⁵⁵/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰʊŋ⁵⁵/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡sʰʊŋ⁵⁵/

(～鎮) Dongchong (a town in Nansha district, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China)

(～鎮) Dongchong (a town in Chengqu district, Shanwei, Guangdong, China)


沙田

→ English: Sha Tin

/ʂä⁵⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/saː⁵⁵ tʰiːn²¹/

/sua⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sʰan²⁴/

/sua⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sʰan¹³/

/sua⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sʰan²⁴/

/sua⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sʰan²³/

/ʂä⁵⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/saː⁵⁵ tʰiːn²¹/

/sua⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sʰan²⁴/

/sua⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sʰan¹³/

/sua⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sʰan²⁴/

/sua⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sʰan²³/

/sa⁴⁴⁻²² tiɛn²⁴/

/sa⁴⁴⁻²² tiɛn¹³/

/sa⁴⁴⁻³³ tiɛn²⁴/

/sa⁴⁴⁻³³ tiɛn²³/

/ʂä⁵⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/saː⁵⁵ tʰiːn²¹/

/sa⁴⁴⁻²² tiɛn²⁴/

/sa⁴⁴⁻²² tiɛn¹³/

/sa⁴⁴⁻³³ tiɛn²⁴/

/sa⁴⁴⁻³³ tiɛn²³/

(～鎮) Shatian Town (various towns in China)

(～鎮) Shatian (a town in Dongguan, Guangdong, China)

(～鄉) Shatian (a township in Ningxiang, Changsha, Hunan, China)

(～村) Shatian (a village in Rong County, Guangxi, China)


桃源

/tʰɑʊ̯³⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

/tʰo²⁴⁻²² ɡuan²⁴/

/tʰo²⁴⁻²² ɡuan²⁴/

/tʰo¹³⁻²² ɡuan¹³/

/tʰo²⁴⁻¹¹ ɡuan²⁴/

/tʰɤ²³⁻³³ ɡuan²³/

/tʰɑʊ̯³⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

/tʰo²⁴⁻²² ɡuan²⁴/

/tʰo²⁴⁻²² ɡuan²⁴/

/tʰo¹³⁻²² ɡuan¹³/

/tʰo²⁴⁻¹¹ ɡuan²⁴/

/tʰɤ²³⁻³³ ɡuan²³/

(～縣) Taoyuan County (a county of Hunan, China)

(～鄉) Taoyuan (a township in Zhuxi, Shiyan, Hubei, China)


光澤

/ku̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ t͡sɤ³⁵/

/kʷɔːŋ⁵⁵ t͡saːk̚²/

/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tiɪk̚⁴/

/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tiɪk̚⁴/

/ku̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ t͡sɤ³⁵/

/kʷɔːŋ⁵⁵ t͡saːk̚²/

/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tiɪk̚⁴/

/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tiɪk̚⁴/

(～縣) Guangze (a county of Nanping, Fujian, China)


杏林

/ɕiŋ⁵¹ lin³⁵/

/hɐŋ²² lɐm²¹/

/ɕiŋ⁵¹ lin³⁵/

/hɐŋ²² lɐm²¹/

From the story of the famed physician Dong Feng [3ʳᵈ c. CE], who refused to accept payments from his patients, and instead asked patients successfully cured of ailments to plant apricot trees. A forest of apricot trees came to surround his home as a testament to his skill.

defdate

3ʳᵈ c. <small class='ce-date'>CE</small>

(～鎮) Xinglin (a town in Fufeng, Baoji, Shaanxi, China)


太和

/tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ xɤ³⁵/

/tʰaːi̯³³ wɔː²¹/

/tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ xɤ³⁵/

/tʰaːi̯³³ wɔː²¹/

(～縣) Taihe (a county of Fuyang, Anhui, China)

(～區) Taihe District (a district of Jinzhou, Liaoning, China)

(～鎮) Taihe Town (one of several towns in China)

(～鎮) Taihe (a town in Liangzihu district, Ezhou, Hubei, China)

土家族鄉 土家族鄉#Chinese

(～鄉, ～土家族鄉) Taihe (a township in Fengjie, Chongqing, China)


石門

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ mən³⁵/

/sɛːk̚² muːn²¹/

/t͡sio(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ mŋ̍²⁴/

/t͡sio(ʔ)²⁴⁻² mŋ̍²⁴/

/t͡sio(ʔ)¹²¹⁻²¹ mŋ̍¹³/

/t͡sio(ʔ)⁴⁻¹¹ mŋ̍²⁴/

/t͡siɤ(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ mŋ̍²³/

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ mən³⁵/

/sɛːk̚² muːn²¹/

/t͡sio(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ mŋ̍²⁴/

/t͡sio(ʔ)²⁴⁻² mŋ̍²⁴/

/t͡sio(ʔ)¹²¹⁻²¹ mŋ̍¹³/

/t͡sio(ʔ)⁴⁻¹¹ mŋ̍²⁴/

/t͡siɤ(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ mŋ̍²³/

(～縣) Shimen County (a county of Hunan, China)


無極

/u³⁵ t͡ɕi³⁵/

/u³⁵ t͡ɕi³⁵/

(～縣) Wuji (a county of Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China)


馬龍

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ lʊŋ³⁵/

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ lʊŋ³⁵/

(～縣) Malong County (a county of Yunnan, China)


富川

/fu⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

/fuː³³ t͡sʰyːn⁵⁵/

/fu⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

/fuː³³ t͡sʰyːn⁵⁵/

～瑤族自治縣 富川瑤族自治縣#Chinese

Fuchuan Yao Autonomous County
w:Fuchuan Yao Autonomous County

(～瑤族自治縣, ～縣) Fuchuan Yao Autonomous County (a county of the Guangxi autonomous region, China)


平城

ja-r

平城(へいじょう) (Heijō)

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (平城):
* → Japanese: 平城(へいじょう) (Heijō)

/pʰiŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/pʰɪŋ²¹ sɪŋ²¹/

/pʰiŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/pʰɪŋ²¹ sɪŋ²¹/

(～縣) (historical) Pingcheng County (a county during the Han and Northern Wei dynasties, located around modern-day Datong, Shanxi, China)


安州

/ˀän⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/ɔːn⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/ø⁵⁵ t͡sɤ²¹/

/ˀän⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/ɔːn⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/ø⁵⁵ t͡sɤ²¹/

(～區) Anzhou (a district of Mianyang, Sichuan, China)


會寧

→ English: Huining, Hui-ning

/xu̯eɪ̯⁵¹ niŋ³⁵/

/wuːi̯²² nɪŋ²¹/

/xu̯eɪ̯⁵¹ niŋ³⁵/

/wuːi̯²² nɪŋ²¹/

(～縣) Huining (a county of Baiyin, Gansu, China)


惠山

/xu̯eɪ̯⁵¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

/wɐi̯²² saːn⁵⁵/

/xu̯eɪ̯⁵¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

/wɐi̯²² saːn⁵⁵/

(～區) Huishan District (a district of Wuxi, Jiangsu, China)


海州

→ English: Haizhou

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/hɔːi̯³⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/hɔːi̯³⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

(～區) Haizhou (a district of Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China)

(～區) Haizhou (a district of Fuxin, Liaoning, China)


圖們

Sino-Xenic (圖們):
* → Korean: 도문(圖們) (Domun)

→ English: Tumen, T'u-men

→ Korean: 투먼 (Tumeon)

/tʰu³⁵ mən³⁵/

/tʰu³⁵ mən³⁵/

Short for Manchu ᡨᡠᠮᡝᠨ
ᠰᡝᡴᡳᠶᡝᠨ (tumen sekiyen, “ten thousand + river source”). Related to Chinese 萬／万 (wàn, “ten thousand”); see there for more.

bor

ᡨᡠᠮᡝᠨ ᠰᡝᡴᡳᠶᡝᠨ

(～江) Tumen, Tuman (a river forming part of the border between Jilin, China and North Korea, and the border between Rasŏn, North Korea and Khasansky district, Primorsky Krai, Russia)

(～市) Tumen (a county-level city of Yanbian, Jilin, China)


塔里木

/tʰä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ mu⁵¹/

/tʰaːp̚³ lei̯¹³ mʊk̚²/

/tʰa(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ li⁵³⁻⁴⁴ bɔk̚⁴/

/tʰa(ʔ)⁵ li⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ bɔk̚²⁴/

/tʰa(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ li⁵³⁻⁴⁴ bɔk̚¹²¹/

/tʰa(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ li⁵³⁻⁴⁴ bɔk̚⁴/

/tʰa(ʔ)³²⁻⁴¹ li⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ bɔk̚⁴/

/tʰä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ mu⁵¹/

/tʰaːp̚³ lei̯¹³ mʊk̚²/

/tʰa(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ li⁵³⁻⁴⁴ bɔk̚⁴/

/tʰa(ʔ)⁵ li⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ bɔk̚²⁴/

/tʰa(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ li⁵³⁻⁴⁴ bɔk̚¹²¹/

/tʰa(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ li⁵³⁻⁴⁴ bɔk̚⁴/

/tʰa(ʔ)³²⁻⁴¹ li⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ bɔk̚⁴/

(～河) Tarim River (a river in the Xinjiang autonomous region, China)

(～鄉) Tarim, Talimu (a township in Yuli, Bayingolin prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)

(～鄉) Tarim, Talimu (a township in Kuqa, Aksu prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)

(～鄉) Tarim, Talimu (a township in Xayar, Aksu prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


雅魯藏布

ㄧㄚˇ ㄌㄨˇ ㄗㄤˋ ㄅㄨˋ

ㄧㄚˇ ㄌㄨˇ ㄗㄤˋ ㄅㄨˋ

/jä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ lu²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡sɑŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ pu⁵¹/

/ŋaː¹³ lou̯¹³ t͡sɔːŋ²² pou̯³³/

/jä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ lu²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡sɑŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ pu⁵¹/

/ŋaː¹³ lou̯¹³ t͡sɔːŋ²² pou̯³³/

Borrowed from Tibetan ཡར་ཀླུངས་གཙང་པོ (yar klungs gtsang po).

ཡར་ཀླུངས་གཙང་པོ

(～江) Yarlung Tsangpo (a river in the Tibet Autonomous Region, China)


龍井

/lʊŋ³⁵ t͡ɕiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lʊŋ²¹ t͡sɛːŋ³⁵/

/liɔŋ²³⁻³³ t͡sẽ⁴¹/

/liɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sĩ⁵³/

/lʊŋ³⁵ t͡ɕiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lʊŋ²¹ t͡sɛːŋ³⁵/

/liɔŋ²³⁻³³ t͡sẽ⁴¹/

/liɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sĩ⁵³/

(～市) Longjing (a county-level city of Yanbian prefecture, Jilin, China)


臥龍

/wɔ⁵¹ lʊŋ³⁵/

/wɔ⁵¹ lʊŋ³⁵/

(～區) Wolong (a district of Nanyang, Henan, China)

(～鎮) Wolong (a town in Xiangcheng district, Xiangyang, Hubei, China)


開陽

/kʰaɪ̯⁵⁵ jɑŋ³⁵/

/hɔːi̯⁵⁵ jœːŋ²¹/

/kʰaɪ̯⁵⁵ jɑŋ³⁵/

/hɔːi̯⁵⁵ jœːŋ²¹/

(～縣) Kaiyang County (a county of Guizhou, China)


靈山

/liŋ³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/lɪŋ²¹ saːn⁵⁵/

/liŋ³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/lɪŋ²¹ saːn⁵⁵/

(～縣) Lingshan County (a county of the Guangxi autonomous region, China)


祥雲

/ɕi̯ɑŋ³⁵ yn³⁵/

/ɕi̯ɑŋ³⁵ yn³⁵/

(～縣) Xiangyun County (a county of Yunnan, China)


鍾山

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ saːn⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ saːn⁵⁵/

(～縣) Zhongshan (a county of Hezhou, Guangxi autonomous region, China)


廣南

/ku̯ɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ nän³⁵/

/kʷɔːŋ³⁵ naːm²¹/

/ku̯ɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ nän³⁵/

/kʷɔːŋ³⁵ naːm²¹/

(～縣) Guangnan (a county of Wenshan prefecture, Yunnan, China)


中大

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ tä⁵¹/

/t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ taːi̯²²/

/t͡sɵŋ³³ ai³²/

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ tä⁵¹/

/t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ taːi̯²²/

/t͡sɵŋ³³ ai³²/

; “Zhongda, Xingang, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China”
; “Zhongda, Manchun, Jianghan District, Wuhan, Hubei, China”

(～社區) Zhongda (a residential community in Xingang, Haizhu district, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China, where the South Campus of the Sun Yat-sen University is located)

(～社區) Zhongda (a residential community in Manchun, Jianghan district, Wuhan, Hubei, China)


連山

/li̯ɛn³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/li̯ɛn³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

～壯族瑤族自治縣 連山壯族瑤族自治縣#Chinese

w:Lianshan Zhuang and Yao Autonomous County

(～壯族瑤族自治縣, ～縣) Lianshan Zhuang and Yao Autonomous County (a county of Guangdong, China)


三元

/sän⁵⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

/sän⁵⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

(～區) Sanyuan (a district of Sanming, Fujian, China)

(～村) Sanyuan (a village in Huilong, Hanchuan, Xiaogan, Hubei, China)


華西

/xu̯ä³⁵ ɕi⁵⁵/

/waː²¹ sɐi̯⁵⁵/

/hua²⁴⁻²² se⁴⁴/

/hua²⁴⁻²² se³³/

/hua¹³⁻²² se⁴⁴/

/hua²⁴⁻¹¹ se⁴⁴/

/hua²³⁻³³ se⁴⁴/

/xu̯ä³⁵ ɕi⁵⁵/

/waː²¹ sɐi̯⁵⁵/

/hua²⁴⁻²² se⁴⁴/

/hua²⁴⁻²² se³³/

/hua¹³⁻²² se⁴⁴/

/hua²⁴⁻¹¹ se⁴⁴/

/hua²³⁻³³ se⁴⁴/

/xu̯ä⁵¹ ɕi⁵⁵/

/xu̯ä⁵¹ ɕi⁵⁵/

(～鎮) Huaxi (a town in Huayin, Weinan, Shaanxi, China)


雙峰

/ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ fɤŋ⁵⁵/

/sœːŋ⁵⁵ fʊŋ⁵⁵/

/ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ fɤŋ⁵⁵/

/sœːŋ⁵⁵ fʊŋ⁵⁵/

(～縣) Shuangfeng County (a county of Hunan, China)


江華

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ xu̯ä³⁵/

/kɔːŋ⁵⁵ waː²¹/

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ xu̯ä³⁵/

/kɔːŋ⁵⁵ waː²¹/

～瑤族自治縣 江華瑤族自治縣#Chinese

Jianghua Yao Autonomous County
w:Jianghua Yao Autonomous County

(～瑤族自治縣, ～縣) Jianghua Yao Autonomous County (a county of Hunan, China)