羅馬

/lu̯ɔ³⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lɔː²¹ maː¹³/

/l̃o⁵³⁻³³ ma³³/

/lo²⁴⁻²² mã⁵³/

/lo²⁴⁻²² mã⁵⁵⁴/

/lo¹³⁻²² mã⁵³/

/lo²⁴⁻¹¹ mã⁵³/

/lɤ²³⁻³³ mã⁴¹/

/lu̯ɔ³⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lɔː²¹ maː¹³/

/l̃o⁵³⁻³³ ma³³/

/lo²⁴⁻²² mã⁵³/

/lo²⁴⁻²² mã⁵⁵⁴/

/lo¹³⁻²² mã⁵³/

/lo²⁴⁻¹¹ mã⁵³/

/lɤ²³⁻³³ mã⁴¹/

Borrowed from Italian Roma (“Rome”) or Latin Roma (“Rome”). Possible doublet of 拂菻 (Fúlǐn) (see page for details).
Attested as 羅瑪／罗玛 in 16th and 17th century works, although Kunyu Wanguo Quantu [1602] has 羅馬／罗马.


意大利航空

ㄧˋ ㄉㄚˋ ㄌㄧˋ ㄏㄤˊ ㄎㄨㄥ

Идали Ханкун

/i⁵¹⁻⁵³ tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹ xɑŋ³⁵ kʰʊŋ⁵⁵/

/i⁵¹⁻⁵³ tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹ xɑŋ³⁵ kʰʊŋ⁵⁵/


意大利

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (意大利):
* → Vietnamese: Ý Đại Lợi (意大利)

/i⁵¹⁻⁵³ tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹/

/jiː³³ taːi̯²² lei̯²²/

/i⁵⁵ tʰai̯⁵⁵ li⁵⁵/

/i⁵³⁻⁵⁵ tʰaɪ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ li⁵³/

/i²¹³⁻²¹ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾lai²⁴²⁻⁵³ l̃ɛi²¹³/

/i²¹⁻⁵³ tai²²⁻²¹ li²²/

/i⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ tai⁴¹⁻²² li⁴¹/

/i²¹⁻⁵³ tai²²⁻²¹ li²²/

/i¹¹⁻⁵³ tai³³⁻¹¹ li³³/

/i²¹⁻⁴¹ tai³³⁻²¹ li³³/

/i²¹³⁻⁵⁵ tai³⁵⁻¹¹ li³⁵/

/ɦi²² da⁵⁵ li²¹/

/i⁵¹⁻⁵³ tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹/

/jiː³³ taːi̯²² lei̯²²/

/i⁵⁵ tʰai̯⁵⁵ li⁵⁵/

/i⁵³⁻⁵⁵ tʰaɪ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ li⁵³/

/i²¹³⁻²¹ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾lai²⁴²⁻⁵³ l̃ɛi²¹³/

/i²¹⁻⁵³ tai²²⁻²¹ li²²/

/i⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ tai⁴¹⁻²² li⁴¹/

/i²¹⁻⁵³ tai²²⁻²¹ li²²/

/i¹¹⁻⁵³ tai³³⁻¹¹ li³³/

/i²¹⁻⁴¹ tai³³⁻²¹ li³³/

/i²¹³⁻⁵⁵ tai³⁵⁻¹¹ li³⁵/

/ɦi²² da⁵⁵ li²¹/

Borrowed from English Italy. Attested as early as 1837, in the Eastern Western Monthly Magazine.

1891, 薛福成 [Xue Fucheng], 出使英法義比四國日記, volume 1, page 33:

Chǒu zhèng, guò Yìdàlì zhī Nábōlì hǎi kǒu. Xī Xǔ Zhúyún xīngshǐ yóucǐ dēng'àn, chéng huǒchē zhì Bólíng. Nábōlì xīběi yībǎi èrshí yánglǐ, jí Yìdàlì zhī Luómǎ dūchéng yě.

丑正，過意大利之拿波利海口。昔許竹篔星使由此登岸，乘火車至伯靈。拿波利西北一百二十洋里，即意大利之羅馬都城也。

丑正，过意大利之拿波利海口。昔许竹筼星使由此登岸，乘火车至伯灵。拿波利西北一百二十洋里，即意大利之罗马都城也。

(Mainland China, Hong Kong) Italy (a country in Southern Europe)


梵蒂岡

/fän⁵¹⁻⁵³ ti⁵¹ kɑŋ⁵⁵/

/fän³⁵ ti⁵¹ kɑŋ⁵⁵/

/faːn²² tɐi̯³³ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/faːn²¹ tɐi̯³³ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/huan⁴¹⁻²² te⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ kaŋ³³/

/huan²²⁻²¹ te²¹⁻⁵³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/ve²² ti⁵⁵ kɑ̃²¹/

/fän⁵¹⁻⁵³ ti⁵¹ kɑŋ⁵⁵/

/fän³⁵ ti⁵¹ kɑŋ⁵⁵/

/faːn²² tɐi̯³³ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/faːn²¹ tɐi̯³³ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/huan⁴¹⁻²² te⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ kaŋ³³/

/huan²²⁻²¹ te²¹⁻⁵³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/ve²² ti⁵⁵ kɑ̃²¹/

Vatican City (a city-state in Southern Europe, an enclave within the city of Rome, Italy)


義大利

/i⁵¹⁻⁵³ tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹/

/jiː²² taːi̯²² lei̯²²/

/i²¹⁻⁵³ tai²²⁻²¹ li²²/

/i⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ tai⁴¹⁻²² li⁴¹/

/i²¹⁻⁵³ tai²²⁻²¹ li²²/

/i¹¹⁻⁵³ tai³³⁻¹¹ li³³/

/i²¹⁻⁴¹ tai³³⁻²¹ li³³/

/n̠ʲi²² da⁵⁵ li²¹/

/i⁵¹⁻⁵³ tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹/

/jiː²² taːi̯²² lei̯²²/

/i²¹⁻⁵³ tai²²⁻²¹ li²²/

/i⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ tai⁴¹⁻²² li⁴¹/

/i²¹⁻⁵³ tai²²⁻²¹ li²²/

/i¹¹⁻⁵³ tai³³⁻¹¹ li³³/

/i²¹⁻⁴¹ tai³³⁻²¹ li³³/

/n̠ʲi²² da⁵⁵ li²¹/

1837, “經書”, in Karl Gützlaff, editor, 東西洋考每月統紀傳 [Eastern Western Monthly Magazine], page 8:

Míngcháo zhī shí, Dàyīng, Fǎlánxī, Yìdàlì, Ālǐmàn, gèguó zhī rú xīng, zuǎn jīngshū hàofán.

明朝之時，大英、法蘭西、義大利、阿理曼，各國之儒興，纂經書浩繁。

明朝之时，大英、法兰西、义大利、阿理曼，各国之儒兴，纂经书浩繁。

(now chiefly Taiwan) Italy (a country in Southern Europe)


威尼斯

/weɪ̯⁵⁵ ni³⁵ sz̩⁵⁵/

/wɐi̯⁵⁵ nei̯²¹ siː⁵⁵/

/ue⁵⁵ n̠ʲi³³ sz̩²¹/

/weɪ̯⁵⁵ ni³⁵ sz̩⁵⁵/

/wɐi̯⁵⁵ nei̯²¹ siː⁵⁵/

/ue⁵⁵ n̠ʲi³³ sz̩²¹/


卡拉布里亞

ㄎㄚˇ ㄌㄚ ㄅㄨˋ ㄌㄧˇ ㄧㄚˋ

ㄎㄚˇ ㄌㄚ ㄅㄨˋ ㄌㄧˇ ㄧㄚˇ

/kʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹ lä⁵⁵ pu⁵¹ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ jä⁵¹/

/kʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹ lä⁵⁵ pu⁵¹ li²¹⁴⁻³⁵ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kʰaː⁵⁵ laːi̯⁵⁵ pou̯³³ lei̯¹³ aː³³/

/kʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹ lä⁵⁵ pu⁵¹ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ jä⁵¹/

/kʰaː⁵⁵ laːi̯⁵⁵ pou̯³³ lei̯¹³ aː³³/

administrative region
administrative region

Calabria (a peninsula and administrative region of southern Italy)


米蘭

/mi²¹⁴⁻²¹ län³⁵/

/mɐi̯¹³ laːn²¹/

/bi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lan²⁴/

/bi⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ lan²⁴/

/bi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lan¹³/

/bi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lan²⁴/

/bi⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ lan²³/

/mi²¹⁴⁻²¹ län³⁵/

/mɐi̯¹³ laːn²¹/

/bi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lan²⁴/

/bi⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ lan²⁴/

/bi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lan¹³/

/bi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lan²⁴/

/bi⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ lan²³/


中意

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ i⁵¹/

/t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ jiː³³/

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ i⁵¹/

/t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ jiː³³/


拉齊奧

/lä⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵ ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/laːi̯⁵⁵ t͡sʰɐi̯²¹ ou̯³³/

/lä⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵ ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/laːi̯⁵⁵ t͡sʰɐi̯²¹ ou̯³³/

(Mainland China) Lazio (an administrative region of Italy, situated in the central peninsular section of the country with Rome as its capital)


撒丁

/sä⁵⁵ tiŋ⁵⁵/

/saːt̚³ tɪŋ⁵⁵/

/sä⁵⁵ tiŋ⁵⁵/

/saːt̚³ tɪŋ⁵⁵/

(Mainland China) Sardinia (an island and autonomous region of Italy, in the Mediterranean Sea)


那不勒斯

ㄋㄚˋ ㄅㄨˋ ㄌㄜˋ ㄙ

/nä⁵¹ pu⁵¹⁻³⁵ lɤ⁵¹ sz̩⁵⁵/

/naː¹³ pɐt̚⁵ lɐk̚² siː⁵⁵/

/nä⁵¹ pu⁵¹⁻³⁵ lɤ⁵¹ sz̩⁵⁵/

/naː¹³ pɐt̚⁵ lɐk̚² siː⁵⁵/


托斯卡納

ㄊㄨㄛ ㄙ ㄎㄚˇ ㄋㄚˋ

/tʰu̯ɔ⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ kʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹ nä⁵¹/

/tʰɔːk̚³ siː⁵⁵ kʰaː⁵⁵ naːp̚²/

/tʰu̯ɔ⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ kʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹ nä⁵¹/

/tʰɔːk̚³ siː⁵⁵ kʰaː⁵⁵ naːp̚²/

(Mainland China) Tuscany (an administrative region of Italy, located north of Lazio and south of Emilia-Romagna)


西西里

/ɕi⁵⁵ ɕi⁵⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sɐi̯⁵⁵ sɐi̯⁵⁵ lei̯¹³/

/ɕi⁵⁵ ɕi³³ li²¹/

/ɕi⁵⁵ ɕi⁵⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sɐi̯⁵⁵ sɐi̯⁵⁵ lei̯¹³/

/ɕi⁵⁵ ɕi³³ li²¹/

Sicily (The largest island in the Mediterranean Sea, an autonomous region of Italy, close to Africa and separated from Tunisia and Libya by the Strait of Sicily)


伽利略

ㄐㄧㄚ ㄌㄧˋ ㄌㄩㄝˋ

ㄐㄧㄚ ㄌㄧˋ ㄌㄩㄝˋ

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ li⁵¹⁻⁵³ ly̯ɛ⁵¹/

/kaː⁵⁵ lei̯²² lœːk̚²/

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ li⁵¹⁻⁵³ ly̯ɛ⁵¹/

/kaː⁵⁵ lei̯²² lœːk̚²/


伽利略

ㄐㄧㄚ ㄌㄧˋ ㄌㄩㄝˋ

ㄐㄧㄚ ㄌㄧˋ ㄌㄩㄝˋ

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ li⁵¹⁻⁵³ ly̯ɛ⁵¹/

/kaː⁵⁵ lei̯²² lœːk̚²/

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ li⁵¹⁻⁵³ ly̯ɛ⁵¹/

/kaː⁵⁵ lei̯²² lœːk̚²/


凱撒

/kʰaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ sä⁵⁵/

/kʰaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ sä⁵¹/

/hɔːi̯³⁵ saːt̚³/

/kʰai³³⁻⁵⁵ sɑʔ²⁴/

/kʰai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sat̚³²/

/kʰai⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ sat̚⁵/

/kʰai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sat̚³²/

/kʰai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sat̚³²/

/kʰai⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ sat̚³²/

/kʰaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ sä⁵⁵/

/kʰaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ sä⁵¹/

/hɔːi̯³⁵ saːt̚³/

/kʰai³³⁻⁵⁵ sɑʔ²⁴/

/kʰai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sat̚³²/

/kʰai⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ sat̚⁵/

/kʰai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sat̚³²/

/kʰai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sat̚³²/

/kʰai⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ sat̚³²/


拿坡里

/nä³⁵ pʰu̯ɔ⁵⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/naː²¹ pɔː⁵⁵ lei̯¹³/

/nä³⁵ pʰu̯ɔ⁵⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/naː²¹ pɔː⁵⁵ lei̯¹³/


瓦萊達奧斯塔

ㄨㄚˇ ㄌㄞˊ ㄉㄚˊ ㄠˋ ㄙ ㄊㄚˇ

Валай Дааосыта

/wä²¹⁴⁻²¹ laɪ̯³⁵ tä³⁵ ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹ sz̩⁵⁵ tʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ŋaː¹³ lɔːi̯²¹ taːt̚² ou̯³³ siː⁵⁵ tʰaːp̚³/

Aosta Valley
Aosta Valley#English:_Q1222

Aosta Valley (an autonomous region of northwestern Italy, with a significant fraction of the population speaking Franco-Provençal)


皮埃蒙特

ㄆㄧˊ ㄞ ㄇㄥˊ ㄊㄜˋ

/pʰi³⁵ ˀaɪ̯⁵⁵ mɤŋ³⁵ tʰɤ⁵¹/

/pʰei̯²¹ ɔːi̯⁵⁵ mʊŋ²¹ tɐk̚²/

/pʰi³⁵ ˀaɪ̯⁵⁵ mɤŋ³⁵ tʰɤ⁵¹/

/pʰei̯²¹ ɔːi̯⁵⁵ mʊŋ²¹ tɐk̚²/

Piedmont (an administrative region in the north of Italy)


奧古斯都

/ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ sz̩⁵⁵ tu⁵⁵/

/ou̯³³ kuː³⁵ siː⁵⁵ tou̯⁵⁵/

/o⁵⁵ ku³¹ sɨ²⁴⁻¹¹ tu²⁴/

/ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ sz̩⁵⁵ tu⁵⁵/

/ou̯³³ kuː³⁵ siː⁵⁵ tou̯⁵⁵/

/o⁵⁵ ku³¹ sɨ²⁴⁻¹¹ tu²⁴/


薩丁尼亞

ㄙㄚˋ ㄉㄧㄥ ㄋㄧˊ ㄧㄚˋ

ㄙㄚˋ ㄉㄧㄥ ㄋㄧˊ ㄧㄚˇ

/sä⁵¹ tiŋ⁵⁵ ni³⁵ jä⁵¹/

/sä⁵¹ tiŋ⁵⁵ ni³⁵ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/saːt̚³ tɪŋ⁵⁵ nei̯²¹ aː³³/

/sä⁵¹ tiŋ⁵⁵ ni³⁵ jä⁵¹/

/sä⁵¹ tiŋ⁵⁵ ni³⁵ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/saːt̚³ tɪŋ⁵⁵ nei̯²¹ aː³³/

(Taiwan, Hong Kong) Sardinia (an island and autonomous region of Italy, in the Mediterranean Sea)


意大利亞

ㄧˋ ㄉㄚˋ ㄌㄧˋ ㄧㄚˋ

ㄧˋ ㄉㄚˋ ㄌㄧˋ ㄧㄚˇ

/i⁵¹⁻⁵³ tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹⁻⁵³ jä⁵¹/

/i⁵¹⁻⁵³ tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/i⁵¹⁻⁵³ tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹⁻⁵³ jä⁵¹/

/i⁵¹⁻⁵³ tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(obsolete) Italy (a country in Southern Europe)


拉吉歐

/lä⁵⁵ t͡ɕi³⁵ ˀoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/laːi̯⁵⁵ kɐt̚⁵ ɐu̯⁵⁵/

/lä⁵⁵ t͡ɕi³⁵ ˀoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/laːi̯⁵⁵ kɐt̚⁵ ɐu̯⁵⁵/

(Taiwan, Hong Kong) Lazio (an administrative region of Italy, situated in the central peninsular section of the country with Rome as its capital)


阿布魯佐

ㄚ ㄅㄨˋ ㄌㄨˇ ㄗㄨㄛˇ

/ˀä⁵⁵ pu⁵¹ lu²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡su̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/aː³³ pou̯³³ lou̯¹³ t͡sɔː³³/

/ˀä⁵⁵ pu⁵¹ lu²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡su̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/aː³³ pou̯³³ lou̯¹³ t͡sɔː³³/

Abruzzo (an administrative region in central Italy)


威尼托

/weɪ̯⁵⁵ ni³⁵ tʰu̯ɔ⁵⁵/

/wɐi̯⁵⁵ nei̯²¹ tʰɔːk̚³/

/weɪ̯⁵⁵ ni³⁵ tʰu̯ɔ⁵⁵/

/wɐi̯⁵⁵ nei̯²¹ tʰɔːk̚³/

Veneto (an administrative region of northern Italy, roughly corresponding to the ancient Venetia)


莫利塞

/mu̯ɔ⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹ saɪ̯⁵⁵/

/mɔːk̚² lei̯²² t͡sʰɔːi̯³³/

/mu̯ɔ⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹ saɪ̯⁵⁵/

/mɔːk̚² lei̯²² t͡sʰɔːi̯³³/

Molise (an administrative region of southern Italy)


馬凱

/mä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ kʰaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/mä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ kʰaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(Taiwan) Marche (an administrative region in central Italy)


托斯卡尼

ㄊㄨㄛ ㄙ ㄎㄚˇ ㄋㄧˊ

/tʰu̯ɔ⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ kʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹ ni³⁵/

/tʰɔːk̚³ siː⁵⁵ kʰaː⁵⁵ nei̯²¹/

/tʰu̯ɔ⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ kʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹ ni³⁵/

/tʰɔːk̚³ siː⁵⁵ kʰaː⁵⁵ nei̯²¹/

(Taiwan, Hong Kong) Tuscany (an administrative region of Italy, located north of Lazio and south of Emilia-Romagna)


馬爾凱

/mä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ kʰaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/maː¹³ jiː¹³ hɔːi̯³⁵/

/mä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ kʰaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/maː¹³ jiː¹³ hɔːi̯³⁵/

(Mainland China, Hong Kong) Marche (an administrative region in central Italy)


巴西利卡塔

ㄅㄚ ㄒㄧ ㄌㄧˋ ㄎㄚˇ ㄊㄚˇ

/pä⁵⁵ ɕi⁵⁵ li⁵¹ kʰä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ tʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/paː⁵⁵ sɐi̯⁵⁵ lei̯²² kʰaː⁵⁵ tʰaːp̚³/

/pä⁵⁵ ɕi⁵⁵ li⁵¹ kʰä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ tʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/paː⁵⁵ sɐi̯⁵⁵ lei̯²² kʰaː⁵⁵ tʰaːp̚³/

Basilicata (an administrative region of southern Italy)


普利亞

/pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ li⁵¹⁻⁵³ jä⁵¹/

/pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ li⁵¹ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kʰaː⁵⁵ laːi̯⁵⁵ pou̯³³ lei̯¹³ aː³³/

/pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ li⁵¹⁻⁵³ jä⁵¹/

/pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ li⁵¹ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kʰaː⁵⁵ laːi̯⁵⁵ pou̯³³ lei̯¹³ aː³³/

Apulia (a peninsula and administrative region in southern Italy)


利古里亞

ㄌㄧˋ ㄍㄨˇ ㄌㄧˇ ㄧㄚˋ

ㄌㄧˋ ㄍㄨˇ ㄌㄧˇ ㄧㄚˇ

/li⁵¹ ku²¹⁴⁻³⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ jä⁵¹/

/li⁵¹ ku²¹⁴⁻³⁵ li²¹⁴⁻³⁵ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lei̯²² kuː³⁵ lei̯¹³ aː³³/

/li⁵¹ ku²¹⁴⁻³⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ jä⁵¹/

/li⁵¹ ku²¹⁴⁻³⁵ li²¹⁴⁻³⁵ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lei̯²² kuː³⁵ lei̯¹³ aː³³/

Liguria (an administrative region of northwest Italy)


溫布利亞

ㄨㄣ ㄅㄨˋ ㄌㄧˋ ㄧㄚˋ

ㄨㄣ ㄅㄨˋ ㄌㄧˋ ㄧㄚˇ

/wən⁵⁵ pu⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹⁻⁵³ jä⁵¹/

/wən⁵⁵ pu⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/wən⁵⁵ pu⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹⁻⁵³ jä⁵¹/

/wən⁵⁵ pu⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(Taiwan) Umbria (an administrative region in central Italy)


翁布里亞

ㄨㄥ ㄅㄨˋ ㄌㄧˇ ㄧㄚˋ

ㄨㄥ ㄅㄨˋ ㄌㄧˇ ㄧㄚˇ

/wəŋ⁵⁵ pu⁵¹ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ jä⁵¹/

/wəŋ⁵⁵ pu⁵¹ li²¹⁴⁻³⁵ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/jʊŋ⁵⁵ pou̯³³ lei̯¹³ aː³³/

/wəŋ⁵⁵ pu⁵¹ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ jä⁵¹/

/wəŋ⁵⁵ pu⁵¹ li²¹⁴⁻³⁵ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/jʊŋ⁵⁵ pou̯³³ lei̯¹³ aː³³/

(Mainland China, Hong Kong) Umbria (an administrative region in central Italy)


意式

/i⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/jiː³³ sɪk̚⁵/

/i⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/jiː³³ sɪk̚⁵/

(Mainland China, Hong Kong, attributive) Italian-style


意國

/i⁵¹ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

/jiː³³ kʷɔːk̚³/

/i⁵¹ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

/jiː³³ kʷɔːk̚³/


義式

/i⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/i⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/