婺

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *moɡs): phonetic 敄 (OC *moʔ, *mos) + semantic 女 (“woman”).


岷

(～江) Min River (a river in Sichuan Province, China)


敦

Originally written 𦎫 in oracle bone script and bronze script, an ideogrammic compound (會意 /会意): 亯 (“ancestral shrine”) + 羊 (“sheep”). According to Ma Rusen (馬如森), the character represents a cooked goat used as a sacrifice. According to Ma Xulun (馬敍倫) and Yang Shuda (楊樹達), the character's original meanings was "to cook" and is the original form of 燉.
Later used to mean “to force; to compel” and came to be written with 攴, making the modern form an ideogrammic compound (會意 /会意) and phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *tuːl, *doːn, *tuːn, *tuːns): phonetic 𦎫 + semantic 攴 (“hand”). The character 燉 was graphically shaped after the modern version.
; “thick; earnest; plentiful; large”
; “Tun”

Han compound

㪟
𦎫
𦎧
𣀦
𢼪
𠧈
𠧉


沃

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *qoːwɢ): semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 夭 (OC *qoːwʔ, *qrow, *qrowʔ) – to irrigate with water.


沌

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *donʔ, *duːn, *duːnʔ): semantic 氵 + phonetic 屯 (OC *duːn, *tun).


沭

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *ɦljud): semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 朮 (OC *l'ud, *ɦljud).

Han compound

Shu River (a river in Shandong and Jiangsu, China)


河

Wutunhua: xhe

Hejin
Tong Pass
Xiongnu language
Yeniseian languages
Zhengzhou

Characters in the same phonetic series (可) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *ɡaːl): semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 可 (OC *kʰaːlʔ).
Originally particularly used for the Yellow River, with other rivers known as 水 (OC *qʰʷljilʔ). Later extended generally as a word for rivers in northern China but the influence of 江 (OC *kroːŋ, “Yangtze River; river in southern China”) has meant that modern usage tends to favor it for shorter rivers and creeks except in historical cases.
Further etymology uncertain. Various hypotheses have been proposed:
* Sino-Tibetan. Either:
** Cognate with Tibetan རྒལ (rgal, “to cross, to traverse”) (Coblin, 1986), or
** Derived from 湖 (OC *ɡaː, “lake”) (Matisoff, 1995), or
** that the Yellow River's name stems from the shape, which resembles an adze handle 柯 (OC *kaːl), of a stretch spanning 500 to 600 kilometers "from Héjīn, Tóngguān to east of Zhèngzhōu" (Takashima, 2012).
* A Mongolic loan. Compare Proto-Mongolic *gowl (“river”) > Mongolian ᠭᠣᠣᠯ (ɣool, “river”) (Norman and Mei, 1976). This was argued against in Zhang (1998).
** Miyake (2017) surmises that Proto-Mongolic *gowl (“river”) and 河 (OC *[C.g]ˤaj < *[C.g]ˤal)), even if related, might have come from a third source language, e.g. Xiongnu. If so, compare also Proto-Yeniseian *xur₁ (“water”) in light of speculated Xiongnu's linguistic affinity with the Yeniseian languages.

cog

Yellow River, Huang He (a major river in northern China, passing through Qinghai, Sichuan, Gansu, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Henan and Shandong provinces as well as Ningxia and Inner Mongolia Autonomous Regions)

(obsolete, Chinese mythology) Hebo; the god of the Yellow River

(obsolete, Chinese mythology) Yellow River's Map; the plan of the Yellow River (mystic diagram said to have been supernaturally revealed)

河南

Moles drink from the He [river]; yet cannot overfill their bellies

偃鼠飲河，不過滿腹。

偃鼠饮河，不过满腹。

What are the six rivers called? They are named He River, Red River, Liao River, Black River, Jiang River, and Huai River.

Hé wèi liùshuǐ? Yuē héshuǐ, chìshuǐ, liáoshuǐ, hēishuǐ, jiāngshuǐ, huáishuǐ.

何謂六水？曰河水、赤水、遼水、黑水、江水、淮水。

何谓六水？曰河水、赤水、辽水、黑水、江水、淮水。


泗

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *hljids): semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 四 (OC *hljids).


泿

(～水) an ancient river in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region


洈

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *krolʔ, *ŋrol): semantic 氵 (“river”) + phonetic 危 (OC *ŋrol).


洋

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (洋):
* → Japanese: 洋(よう) (yō)
* → Korean: 양(洋) (yang)
* → Vietnamese: dương (洋)

→ Zhuang: yangz

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *ljaŋ, *laŋ): semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 羊 (OC *laŋ).
; “multitudinous; vast; ocean”: Schuessler (2007) compares it with Tibetan ཡངས་པ (yangs pa, “wide; extensive; vast; spacious”). In contrast, Starostin sets up Proto-Sino-Tibetan *lɨ̆ŋ (“wave”), encompassing this and Tibetan ཀློང (klong, “space; expanse; wave”), Burmese လှိုင်း (hluing:, “wave; to abound; plentiful”).
: Compare 羕 (OC *laŋs, “(of rivers) long”), 漾 (OC *laŋs, “waves; (of rivers) long”).
; "vast expanse of flat land"

cog

(historical) a river in southern Shaanxi, China


洨

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *ɡreːw): semantic 水 (“river; water”) + phonetic 交 (OC *kreːw).

Han compound

(～水, ～河) Xiao River (a river in Hebei, China)

(～水) (historical) Xiao River (a river in Anhui, China; modern Tuo River)


浙

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *ʔljed): semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 折 (OC *l'eːl, *ʔljed, *ɦljed).

Han compound

(～江) (historical) Zhe River (the former name of the Qiantang River in Zhejiang, China)


涇

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *ɡeŋʔ, *keːŋ): semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 巠 (OC *keːŋ)


涪

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *bɯ): semantic 氵 + phonetic 咅 (OC *pʰɯʔ, *pʰl'oːs).

Han compound

(～江) Fu River (a river in Sichuan and Chongqing, China)


淦

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *kɯːm, *kɯːms): semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 金 (OC *krɯm).


渜

name of an ancient river in Hebei province


渦

Guo River (a river in Henan and Anhui, China)


渫

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *zreːb, *sled): semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 枼 (OC *leb).

Han compound

(～水) Xie River (a river in Shimen County, Hunan, China)


渭

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *ɢuds): semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 胃 (OC *ɢuds)


湋

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *ɢʷɯl): semantic 水 (“river”) + phonetic 韋 (OC *ɢʷɯl).


溚

(historical) An ancient river located in modern-day northwestern Shandong, China.


溳

(～水) a river in Hubei, part of the Han River


滃

(～江) a tributary of the Bei River, Guangdong, China


滇

(obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) a river in Henan


漣

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *ren): semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 連 (OC *ren)


漳

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *kjaŋ): semantic 水 + phonetic 章 (OC *kjaŋ).

Han compound

(～河) Zhang River (river flowing from Shanxi to Hebei)


潘

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (潘):
* → Korean: 반(潘) (ban)
* → Vietnamese: Phan (潘)

→ English: Pan, Poon, Pun, Phua

→ Mandarin: ㄆㄨㄣ (pūn) (Taiwanese slang from Hokkien)

→ Tagalog: Pua (via Hokkien)

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *pʰaːn): semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 番 (OC *paːl, *paːls, *pʰaːn, *pʰan, *ban).


澧

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *riːʔ): semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 豊 (OC *riːʔ).

Han compound

(～水) Lishui River (a river in Hunan, China)

(～河, ～水) Lihe River (a river in Henan, China)


濂

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *ɡ·reːm): semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 廉 (OC *ɡ·rem)


瀟

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *sɯːw): semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 蕭 (OC *sɯːw).

Han compound

(～水) Xiao River (a river in Hunan, China)


瀧

Baxter's transcription for Middle Chinese

Resemblance to Vietnamese sông – which is from Proto-Vietic *k-roːŋ – is coincidental, for in the early 11th century CE 瀧 (MC sraewng) (Baxter) already possesed retroflex fricative initial 生 (as indicated by pronunciation 所江切 in Guangyun [1007 - 1008 CE]); meanwhile, as seen in Phật thuyết đại báo phụ mẫu ân trọng kinh (佛說大報父母恩重經) [12th century CE], Old Vietnamese clusters */Cr-/ had not yet become a retroflex fricative ancestral to Modern Vietnamese ‹s-›.

defdate

1007 - 1008 <small class='ce-date'>CE</small>

defdate

12th century <small class='ce-date'>CE</small>


瀼

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *njaŋ): semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 襄 (OC *snaŋ).
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-naːŋ (“heavy; thick (of liquids); viscous”); cognate with Mizo hnâng (“thick; viscous”) (Schuessler, 2007; STEDT). Coblin (1986) also compares this with Burmese နှင်း (hnang:, “dew; mist”).

inh

(～河) Rang River (a river in Henan, China)


灃

Feng (a river in Shaanxi Province, China)


灕

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *rel): semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 離 (OC *reːls, *rel, *rels).

Han compound

(～江, ～水) Li River (a river in the Guangxi autonomous region, China)


贛

In the bronze script, it was attested as 𬔧, an ideogrammic compound (會意 /会意): 章 (“jade ornament”) + 丮 (“to hold”) – holding a jade ornament > “to bestow”. The 丮 component corrupts into 欠 or 次, and later to 夂 or a variant with 二 under 夂. An additional semantic component 貝 (“cowrie; money”) was often added. The 二 and 貝 components combine to form an emergent phonetic component 貢 (OC *koːŋs).
Shuowen reinterprets it as a phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *kluːmʔ, *kluːms, *kromʔ, *kloːms): abbreviated phonetic 竷 (OC *kʰluːms) + semantic 貝 (“shell; money”), but this is not supported by earlier scripts.

Han compound

赣
贑/𫎬
𥫔
灨
⿱夂贡
赣
贑/𫎬

(～江, ～水) Gan River (a river in Jiangxi, China)


郪

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *sʰiːl, *sʰil): phonetic 妻 (OC *sʰiːl, *sʰiːls) + semantic 邑 (“city”).

Han compound

(～江) Qi River (a river in Sichuan, China)


閩

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *mrɯn, *mɯn): phonetic 門 (OC *mɯːn) + semantic 虫 (“snake”). The 虫 radical was a common component of the names of barbarians (Schuessler, 2007), probably reflecting the Min people's worship of snakes (Li, 2017).
Matisoff (2003) relates it to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-b/m-ruːl (“snake”), but this comparison is no longer held in STEDT.
In most modern Min dialects and some other southern dialects (including Hakka and Xiang), it is read with a level tone (平聲), which is the expected reflex based on rime dictionaries. In Mandarin and the remaining southern dialects, it is read with a rising tone (上聲), probably due to analogy with the phonetic component of 閔 (MC minX) (Li, 2017).

Han compound

(～江) Min River (a river in Fujian, China)


鰲

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *ŋaːw): phonetic 敖 (OC *ŋaːw) + semantic 魚 (“fish”)
Possibly a back-formation from 黿 (OC *ŋoːn, *ŋon, “large turtle”) with final -n discarded due to folk etymology (Schuessler, 2007).


黑龍江

desc

→ English: Heilongjiang, Heilungchiang, Hei-lung-chiang, Heilungkiang

ხეილუნგძიანგი

→ Georgian: ხეილუნგძიანგი (xeilungʒiangi)

/xeɪ̯⁵⁵ lʊŋ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/hɐk̚⁵ lʊŋ²¹ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/haːk̚⁵ lʊŋ²¹ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/hak̚⁵⁵ lɵŋ²² kɔŋ³³/

/hɛt̚¹¹ liʊŋ¹¹ kɔŋ⁴⁴/

/hɛiʔ²⁴⁻³⁵ l̃yŋ⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋøyŋ⁵⁵/

heh⁶ loeng² gang¹ [Phonetic:heh⁷ loeng² gang¹]

/hɛʔ²¹⁻⁴⁵ lœŋ¹³ kaŋ⁵³³/

heh⁶ lyoeng² gang¹ [Phonetic:heh⁷ lyoeng² gang¹]

/hɛʔ²⁻⁴ lyøŋ²⁴ kaŋ⁵⁴⁴/

/hiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ liɔŋ²³⁻³³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/hiɪk̚³²⁻⁵ liɔŋ¹³⁻²² kaŋ⁴⁴/

/hiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ liɔŋ²⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁴⁴/

/hiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ liɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/hiak̚⁵⁻²⁴ liɔŋ²⁴⁻²² kaŋ³³/

/hek̚²⁻⁴ leŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ kaŋ³³/

/həʔ³³ loŋ⁵⁵ kɑ̃²¹/

/xeɪ̯⁵⁵ lʊŋ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/hɐk̚⁵ lʊŋ²¹ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/haːk̚⁵ lʊŋ²¹ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/hak̚⁵⁵ lɵŋ²² kɔŋ³³/

/hɛt̚¹¹ liʊŋ¹¹ kɔŋ⁴⁴/

/hɛiʔ²⁴⁻³⁵ l̃yŋ⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋøyŋ⁵⁵/

/hɛʔ²¹⁻⁴⁵ lœŋ¹³ kaŋ⁵³³/

/hɛʔ²⁻⁴ lyøŋ²⁴ kaŋ⁵⁴⁴/

/hiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ liɔŋ²³⁻³³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/hiɪk̚³²⁻⁵ liɔŋ¹³⁻²² kaŋ⁴⁴/

/hiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ liɔŋ²⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁴⁴/

/hiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ liɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/hiak̚⁵⁻²⁴ liɔŋ²⁴⁻²² kaŋ³³/

/hek̚²⁻⁴ leŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ kaŋ³³/

/həʔ³³ loŋ⁵⁵ kɑ̃²¹/

From earlier 黑水 (Hēishuǐ), attested since the Tang Dynasty. Semantically, compare Manchu ᠰᠠᡥᠠᠯᡳᠶᠠᠨ
ᡠᠯᠠ (sahaliyan ula, literally “black river”), Mongolian Хар мөрөн (Xar mörön, literally “black river”).

ncog

ᠰᠠᡥᠠᠯᡳᠶᠠᠨ ᡠᠯᠠ

Amur River, Heilong Jiang (a major river in the Far East of Russia and Northeastern China)


長江

desc

→ Manchu: ᡤᠣᠯᠮᡳᠨ
ᡠᠯᠠ (golmin ula) (calque)

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰœːŋ²¹ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰiaŋ²² kɔŋ³³/

/t͡sʰoŋ¹¹ koŋ²⁴/

/tuoŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋøyŋ⁵⁵/

/tiɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/tiɔŋ²³⁻³³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/tiɔŋ²⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁴⁴/

/tŋ̍²³⁻³³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/tŋ̍²⁴⁻¹¹ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰiaŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ kaŋ³³/

/zã²² kɑ̃⁴⁴/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰœːŋ²¹ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰiaŋ²² kɔŋ³³/

/t͡sʰoŋ¹¹ koŋ²⁴/

/tuoŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋøyŋ⁵⁵/

/tiɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/tiɔŋ²³⁻³³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/tiɔŋ²⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁴⁴/

/tŋ̍²³⁻³³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/tŋ̍²⁴⁻¹¹ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰiaŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ kaŋ³³/

/zã²² kɑ̃⁴⁴/

揚子江

originally only in reference to the lower reaches

A solitary sail's distant image disappears into the blue sky; only the Yangtze River continues to flow towards the horizon.

Gūfān yuǎn yǐng bìkōng jìn, wéi jiàn Chángjiāng tiānjì liú.

孤帆遠影碧空盡，唯見長江天際流。

孤帆远影碧空尽，唯见长江天际流。

(～河) Changjiang Creek, the upper course of the Jin River (錦江 /锦江 (Jǐnjiāng)) in Jiangxi

(～社區) Changjiang (a community in Guanshan, Hongshan district, Wuhan, Hubei, China)


錢塘

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn³⁵ tʰɑŋ³⁵/

/t͡sʰiːn²¹ tʰɔːŋ²¹/

/ʑi²² dɑ̃⁴⁴/

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn³⁵ tʰɑŋ³⁵/

/t͡sʰiːn²¹ tʰɔːŋ²¹/

/ʑi²² dɑ̃⁴⁴/

Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period
Qian Liu
Tang dynasty
Wuyue

Named for the dyke constructed on the river by Qian Liu (錢鏐), ruler of Wuyue, one of the Ten Kingdoms that succeeded the Tang dynasty.

(～江) Qiantang River (a river in Zhejiang, China)


安寧

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (安寧):
* → Japanese: 安寧(あんねい) (annei)
* → Korean: 안녕(安寧) (annyeong)
* → Vietnamese: an ninh (安寧)

/ˀän⁵⁵ niŋ³⁵/

/ɔːn⁵⁵ nɪŋ²¹/

/an⁴⁴⁻²² liɪŋ²⁴/

/an³³ liɪŋ²⁴/

/an⁴⁴⁻²² liɪŋ¹³/

/an⁴⁴⁻³³ liɪŋ²⁴/

/an⁴⁴⁻³³ liɪŋ²³/

/aŋ³³⁻²³ leŋ⁵⁵/

/ø⁵⁵ n̠ʲin²¹/

/ˀän⁵⁵ niŋ³⁵/

/ɔːn⁵⁵ nɪŋ²¹/

/an⁴⁴⁻²² liɪŋ²⁴/

/an³³ liɪŋ²⁴/

/an⁴⁴⁻²² liɪŋ¹³/

/an⁴⁴⁻³³ liɪŋ²⁴/

/an⁴⁴⁻³³ liɪŋ²³/

/aŋ³³⁻²³ leŋ⁵⁵/

/ø⁵⁵ n̠ʲin²¹/


喀什

From Mongolian Хаш (Xaš), from Mongolian хаш (xaš, “jade”).

/kʰä⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/kʰä⁵¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/kʰä⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/kʰä⁵¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

(～河) Kash (a river in Ili prefecture, Xinjiang, China)


嫩江

/nən⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/nyːn²² kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/nən⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/nyːn²² kɔːŋ⁵⁵/


松花江

/sʊŋ⁵⁵ xu̯ä⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰʊŋ²¹ faː⁵⁵ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/sʊŋ⁵⁵ xu̯ä⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰʊŋ²¹ faː⁵⁵ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

松花 is a phono-semantic matching of Manchu ᠰᡠᠩᡤᠠᡵᡳ (sunggari), as in ᠰᡠᠩᡤᠠᡵᡳ
ᡠᠯᠠ (sunggari ula, “Songhua River”). The original meaning of sunggari may be “Milky Way”; cf. ᠰᡠᠩᡤᠠᡵᡳ
ᠪᡳᡵᠠ (sunggari bira, “Milky Way”).

psm

Songhua River (a river in northeastern China)


黃河

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (黃河):
* → Japanese: 黄(こう)河(が) (Kōga)
* → Korean: 황하(黃河) (Hwangha)
* → Vietnamese: Hoàng Hà (黃河)

desc

خْوَانْغْخِي

هْوَانْغْهِي

اَلنَّهْر اَلْأَصْفَر

→ Arabic: خْوَانْغْخِي (ḵwānḡḵī), هْوَانْغْهِي (hwānḡhī), اَلنَّهْر اَلْأَصْفَر (an-nahr al-ʔaṣfar) (calque)

→ Armenian: Հուանհե (Huanhe)

→ Czech: Chuang-che, Žlutá řeka (calque)

→ Dutch: Hoangho, Gele Rivier (calque)

→ English: Huang He, Huang Ho, Hwang Ho, Yellow River (calque)

→ Finnish: Keltainenjoki (calque)

→ French: Huang He, Houang-Ho, fleuve Jaune (calque)

→ German: Huang He, Gelber Fluss (calque)

Κίτρινος Ποταμός

→ Greek: Κίτρινος Ποταμός (Kítrinos Potamós) (calque)

→ Hindi: ह्वांगहो (hvāṅgho)

→ Hungarian: Sárga-folyó (calque)

→ Italian: Huang He, Fiume Giallo (calque)

→ Korean: 황허 (Hwangheo)

→ Malay: Sungai Kuning (calque)

ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩ ᡥᠣ ᠪᡳᡵᠠ

⇒ Manchu: ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩ
ᡥᠣ
ᠪᡳᡵᠠ (hūwang ho bira)

→ Mongolian: Шар мөрөн (Šar mörön) (calque)

→ Mangghuer: xira muroon (calque)

→ Persian: رود زرد (calque)

→ Polish: Rzeka Żółta (calque)

→ Portuguese: Huang He, Rio Amarelo (calque)

Жёлтая река́

→ Russian: Хуанхэ́ (Xuanxɛ́), Жёлтая река́ (Žóltaja reká) (calque)

→ Spanish: Huang He, río Amarillo (calque)

→ Tagalog: Ilog na Dilaw (calque)

→ Uyghur: سېرىق دەريا (sëriq derya) (calque)

⇒ Zhuang: Dahvangzhoz

/xu̯ɑŋ³⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/xuɑŋ²⁴ xə²⁴/

/wɔːŋ²¹ hɔː²¹/

/vɔŋ²² hᵘɔ²²/

/hɔŋ²³⁻³³ hɤ²³/

/hɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ ho²⁴/

/ŋ̍²⁴⁻¹¹ ho²⁴/

/ŋ̍²⁴⁻²² ho²⁴/

/ŋ̍²³⁻³³ hɤ²³/

/uĩ¹³⁻²² ho¹³/

/ŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ ho⁵⁵/

/ɦuɑ̃²² ɦu⁴⁴/

/ɦuɑ̃²² ɦəu³³/

/xu̯ɑŋ³⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/xuɑŋ²⁴ xə²⁴/

/wɔːŋ²¹ hɔː²¹/

/vɔŋ²² hᵘɔ²²/

/hɔŋ²³⁻³³ hɤ²³/

/hɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ ho²⁴/

/ŋ̍²⁴⁻¹¹ ho²⁴/

/ŋ̍²⁴⁻²² ho²⁴/

/ŋ̍²³⁻³³ hɤ²³/

/uĩ¹³⁻²² ho¹³/

/ŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ ho⁵⁵/

/ɦuɑ̃²² ɦu⁴⁴/

/ɦuɑ̃²² ɦəu³³/

The large amount of sand in the river makes the river appear yellow.
Earliest extant authentic attestions of 黃河 are in Pei Songzhi's Annotations to Records of the Three Kingdoms [5th century CE]:
*
*
Lee (2004) and Hargett (2021) propose that the earliest occurrence of 黃河 is in Book of Han 16.527 [1st century CE]; yet Wang Niansun (王念孫) (1831) stated that the letter 黃 there was a later interpolation.

In Weishi Chunqiu, (Yuan) Shao's exhortation to the provinces and commanderies is recorded thus: “… my main armies sail across the Yellow River to assail his (Cao Cao's) front, and the Jing province's troops descend on Wan and Ye to attack his rear, …”

Pei Songzhi, Annotations to Records of the Three Kingdoms, circa 5ᵗʰ century CE

“Wèishì Chūnqiū” zǎi Shào xí zhōujùn wén yuē: “...... Dàjūn fàn Huánghé yǐ jué qí qián, Jīngzhōu xià wǎn yè ér jī qí hòu......”

《魏氏春秋》載紹檄州郡文曰：「……大軍汎黃河以角其前，荊州下宛葉而犄其後……」

《魏氏春秋》载绍檄州郡文曰：「……大军泛黄河以角其前，荆州下宛叶而犄其后……」

In Account of Emperor Xian, it's said: … (Ju) Shou looked over the ford, sighed, and said: “Above filled with ambition, below obsessed with achievements. O everlasting Yellow River, shall I return?”

“Xiàndì zhuàn” yuē:...... Shòu lín jì tàn yuē: “Shàng yíng qí zhì, xià wù qí gōng, yōuyōu Huánghé, wú qí fǎn hū?”

《獻帝傳》曰：……授臨濟歎曰：「上盈其志，下務其功，悠悠黃河，吾其反乎？」

《献帝传》曰：……授临济叹曰：「上盈其志，下务其功，悠悠黄河，吾其反乎？」

The Yellow River is spacious; its fishes are numerous; I came to the ford yet did not cross.

3rd century, 孔叢子 (Kǒngcóngzǐ) (The Many Kong Family Master's Anthology), attributed to 孔鮒 (Kong Fu)

Huánghé yángyáng, yōuyōu zhī yú, lín jīn bù jì.

黃河洋洋，悠悠之魚，臨津不濟。

黄河洋洋，悠悠之鱼，临津不济。

Have you not seen that the waters of the Yellow River come from the sky, surging into the ocean, never to return again.

Jūn bùjiàn Huánghé zhī shuǐ tiānshàng lái, bēnliú dào hǎi bù fùhuí.

君不見黃河之水天上來，奔流到海不復回。

君不见黄河之水天上来，奔流到海不复回。

Yellow River, Huang He (a major river in northern China, passing through Qinghai, Sichuan, Gansu, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Henan and Shandong provinces as well as Ningxia and Inner Mongolia Autonomous Regions)


漢水

/xän⁵¹ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/hɔːn³³ sɵy̯³⁵/

/xän⁵¹ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/hɔːn³³ sɵy̯³⁵/

Alternative name for 漢江／汉江 (Hànjiāng, “Han River, a left tributary of the Yangtze”).


漢江

/xän⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/hɔːn³³ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/han²¹⁻⁵³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/han⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ kaŋ³³/

/han²¹⁻⁵³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/han¹¹⁻⁵³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/han²¹⁻⁴¹ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/xän⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/hɔːn³³ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/han²¹⁻⁵³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/han⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ kaŋ³³/

/han²¹⁻⁵³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/han¹¹⁻⁵³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/han²¹⁻⁴¹ kaŋ⁴⁴/

Han River (a left tributary of the Yangtze in Shaanxi and Hubei, China)


青衣

→ English: Tsing Yi

/t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵ i⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕʰiŋ²¹ i/

/t͡ɕʰĩ³¹⁻³³ i³¹/

/t͡sʰɪŋ⁵⁵ jiː⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰɛːŋ⁵⁵ jiː⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰəŋ²¹³ zi²¹/

/ˈt͡ɕʰin⁴² i⁴²/

/t͡sʰaŋ⁵⁴ i⁵⁴/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² i⁴⁴/

/t͡ɕʰin⁵⁵ i²¹/

/t͡ɕʰin³³ i³⁴/

/t͡sʰiŋ³³ i⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕʰin³³ i³³/

/t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵ i⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕʰiŋ²¹ i/

/t͡ɕʰĩ³¹⁻³³ i³¹/

/t͡sʰɪŋ⁵⁵ jiː⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰɛːŋ⁵⁵ jiː⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰəŋ²¹³ zi²¹/

/ˈt͡ɕʰin⁴² i⁴²/

/t͡sʰaŋ⁵⁴ i⁵⁴/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² i⁴⁴/

/t͡ɕʰin⁵⁵ i²¹/

/t͡ɕʰin³³ i³⁴/

/t͡sʰiŋ³³ i⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕʰin³³ i³³/

(～江) Qingyi River (a river in Sichuan, China)


九龍

ja-r

九龍(きゅうりゅう) (Kyūryū)

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (九龍):
* → Japanese: 九龍(きゅうりゅう) (Kyūryū)
* → Korean: 구룡(九龍) (Guryong)
* → Vietnamese: Cửu Long (九龍)

English: Kowloon

Japanese: 九龍(クーロン) (Kūron), 九龍(カウロン) (Kauron)

Korean: 주룽 (jurung)

/t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ lʊŋ³⁵/

/kɐu̯³⁵ lʊŋ²¹/

/kiu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ liɔŋ²⁴/

/kiu⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ liɔŋ²⁴/

/kiu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ liɔŋ¹³/

/kiu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ liɔŋ²⁴/

/kiu⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ liɔŋ²³/

/kiu⁵²⁻³⁵ leŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕiɤ³³ loŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ lʊŋ³⁵/

/kɐu̯³⁵ lʊŋ²¹/

/kiu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ liɔŋ²⁴/

/kiu⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ liɔŋ²⁴/

/kiu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ liɔŋ¹³/

/kiu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ liɔŋ²⁴/

/kiu⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ liɔŋ²³/

/kiu⁵²⁻³⁵ leŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕiɤ³³ loŋ⁴⁴/

(～江) Jiulong River (a river in southern Fujian)

北溪

upper reaches, above the confluence with the Xixi


浙江

Sino-Xenic (浙江):
* → Japanese: 浙江(せっこう) (sekkō)
* → Korean: 절강(浙江) (jeolgang)
* → Vietnamese: Chiết Giang (浙江)

desc

→ English: Che-chiang, Che-keang, Chekiang, Zhejiang, Zhe Jiang, Chekiang, Che-chiang, Chê-chiang (Wade–Giles), Che-keang, Che-kyang, Chequiam (obsolete), Jhejiang, Zhe Jiang

→ Manchu: ᠵᡝᡤᡳᠶᠠᠩ (jegiyang)

→ Zhuang: Cezgyangh

/ʈ͡ʂɤ⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂɤ⁵¹ d͡ʑ̥i̯ɑŋ¹/

/ʈ͡ʂɤ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡siːt̚³ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡set̚⁵⁵ kɔŋ³³/

/t͡sɛt̚⁵ kɔŋ²/

/t͡ʃat⁵⁻² koŋ⁵³/

/t͡sat̚¹ kɔŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡sieʔ²⁴⁻²¹ kouŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sɛʔ²¹⁻⁴⁵ kaŋ⁵³³/

/t͡siɛʔ²⁻⁴ kaŋ⁵⁴⁴/

/t͡siɛt̚³²⁻⁴ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡siɛt̚⁵⁻²⁴ kaŋ³³/

/t͡siɛt̚³²⁻⁵ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡siɛt̚³²⁻⁴ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡siɛt̚³²⁻⁴ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡sik̚²⁻⁴ kaŋ³³/

/t͡səʔ³³ kɑ̃⁴⁴/

/t͡səʔ⁴⁴ kɑ̃²³/

/ʈ͡ʂɤ⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂɤ⁵¹ d͡ʑ̥i̯ɑŋ¹/

/ʈ͡ʂɤ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡siːt̚³ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡set̚⁵⁵ kɔŋ³³/

/t͡sɛt̚⁵ kɔŋ²/

/t͡ʃat⁵⁻² koŋ⁵³/

/t͡sat̚¹ kɔŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡sieʔ²⁴⁻²¹ kouŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sɛʔ²¹⁻⁴⁵ kaŋ⁵³³/

/t͡siɛʔ²⁻⁴ kaŋ⁵⁴⁴/

/t͡siɛt̚³²⁻⁴ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡siɛt̚⁵⁻²⁴ kaŋ³³/

/t͡siɛt̚³²⁻⁵ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡siɛt̚³²⁻⁴ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡siɛt̚³²⁻⁴ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡sik̚²⁻⁴ kaŋ³³/

/t͡səʔ³³ kɑ̃⁴⁴/

/t͡səʔ⁴⁴ kɑ̃²³/

Classic of Mountains and Seas
Qiantang River

The ancient name of the Qiantang River. First attested in the Classic of Mountains and Seas.

When the First Emperor of Ch’in crossed River Che on a visit to Kuaichi, Hsiang Liang and Hsiang Yu looked on. “That one could be captured and replaced,” exclaimed Hsiang Yu. “Don't talk absurdities!” said Hsiang Liang, putting his hand over his nephew’s mouth. “Do you want our clan wiped out?”

The Records of the Grand Historian, by Sima Qian, c. 91 BCE

Qín shǐhuángdì yóu Kuàijī, dù Zhèjiāng, Liáng yǔ Jí jù guān. Jí yuē: “Bǐ kě qǔ ér dài yě.” Liáng yǎn qí kǒu, yuē: “Wú wàngyán, zú yǐ!”

秦始皇帝游會稽，渡浙江，梁與籍俱觀。籍曰：“彼可取而代也。”梁掩其口，曰：“毋妄言，族矣！”

秦始皇帝游会稽，渡浙江，梁与籍俱观。籍曰：“彼可取而代也。”梁掩其口，曰：“毋妄言，族矣！”

At the time Shen Ch’ung of Wu-hsing was a prefecture magistrate, and was just then escorting a guest across the Che River. When he and his guest appeared, the innkeeper evacuated Ch’u, and moved him down to the ox shed. The tidal bore arrived. Shen got up and was strolling back and forth.

Liu Yiqing (editor), A New Account of the Tales of the World, 5ᵗʰ century CE

Ěrshí Wúxīng Shěn Chōng wéi xiànlìng, dāng sòngkè guò Zhèjiāng, kè chū, tínglì qū gōng yí niúwū xià. Cháoshuǐ zhì, Shěn-lìng qǐ pánghuáng.

爾時吳興沈充爲縣令，當送客過浙江，客出，亭吏驅公移牛屋下。潮水至，沈令起彷徨。

尔时吴兴沈充为县令，当送客过浙江，客出，亭吏驱公移牛屋下。潮水至，沈令起彷徨。

The tidal bore on the Che River is one of the greatest sights of the world.

c. 1280s, Zhou Mi, Reminiscences of Wulin, translated by Richard Strassberg

Zhèjiāng zhī cháo, tiānxià zhī wěiguān yě.

浙江之潮，天下之偉觀也。

浙江之潮，天下之伟观也。

(historical) Zhe River (the former name of the Qiantang River in Zhejiang, China)


和田

/xɤ³⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/wɔː²¹ tʰiːn²¹/

/xɤ³⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/wɔː²¹ tʰiːn²¹/

Homophonous replacement for 和闐／和阗 (Hétián) from 1959; Uyghur خوتەن (xoten).

zh-l

和闐／和阗 (Hétián)

(～河) Hotan River (a river in the Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


揚子江

→ English: Yangtze (calque)

→ German: Jangtsekiang

→ Korean: 양쯔강 (Yangjjeugang)

→ Portuguese: rio Yangtzé (calque)

→ Russian: Янцзы́ (Janczý)

→ Spanish: río Yangtsé (calque)

→ Thai: แม่น้ำแยงซี (calque)

→ Vietnamese: sông Dương Tử (calque)

/jɑŋ³⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/jœːŋ²¹ t͡siː³⁵ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/yoŋ⁵³⁻²¹ ^((t͡s-))ʒy³³⁻²¹ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾øyŋ⁵⁵/

/iɔŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡su⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/iɔŋ²³⁻³³ t͡su⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/iɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡su⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/jɑŋ³⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/jœːŋ²¹ t͡siː³⁵ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/yoŋ⁵³⁻²¹ ^((t͡s-))ʒy³³⁻²¹ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾øyŋ⁵⁵/

/iɔŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡su⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/iɔŋ²³⁻³³ t͡su⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/iɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡su⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kaŋ⁴⁴/

From 揚子／扬子 (Yángzǐ) (for "Yangzhou" directly or for a nearby ferry named "Yangzi") + 江 (jiāng, “(major) river”). Its false etymology as "Son of the Ocean" stems from the homophonic misnomer 洋子江.

揚子／扬子 (Yángzǐ)


金沙江

desc

→ English: Chinsha Chiang, Chin-sha Chiang, Jinsha Jiang, Jin Sha Jiang, Kinsha Kiang, Kin Sha Kiang

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ ʂä⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/kɐm⁵⁵ saː⁵⁵ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ ʂä⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/kɐm⁵⁵ saː⁵⁵ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

Named for the placer gold throughout its course.

During the Song, because of the great number of prospectors in the river, it was renamed as the Jinsha River.

Sòngdài yīnwéi hé zhōng chūxiàn dàliàng táojīnrén ér gǎichēng jīnshājiāng.

宋代因為河中出現大量淘金人而改稱金沙江。

宋代因为河中出现大量淘金人而改称金沙江。

The Jinsha River, the upper course of the Yangtze in western Sichuan.


黑水

/xeɪ̯⁵⁵ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/hɐk̚⁵ sɵy̯³⁵/

/xeɪ̯⁵⁵ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/hɐk̚⁵ sɵy̯³⁵/

(historical) the Amur River; Heilong Jiang

(～靺鞨) Heishui Mohe, a tribe of Mohe people along the Amur River

(～鎮) Heshui (a town in Jianping, Chaoyang, Liaoning, China)

(～鎮) Heshui (a town in Taonan, Baicheng, Jilin, China)

(～鎮) Heshui (a town in Youyang, Chongqing, China)

(～縣) Heshui (a county of Ngawa prefecture, Sichuan, China)


西江

/ɕi⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/sɐi̯⁵⁵ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/ɕi⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/sɐi̯⁵⁵ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

From its location relative to the main course of the Pearl River.


燕子河

/jɛn⁵¹ d͡z̥z̩¹ xɤ³⁵/

/jɛn⁵¹ d͡z̥z̩¹ xɤ³⁵/

The Yanzi River, a creek in central China's Gansu province


沅江

/ɥɛn³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/jyːn²¹ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/ɥɛn³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/ɥɛn³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/jyːn²¹ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

Yuan River (The Yuan River of Hunan in China)


元江

/ɥɛn³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/jyːn²¹ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/ɥɛn³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/jyːn²¹ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

The "Yuan River", the Chinese stretch of the Red River, prior to its crossing the Vietnamese border

哈尼族彝族傣族自治縣 哈尼族彝族傣族自治縣#Chinese

(～哈尼族彝族傣族自治縣, ～縣) Yuanjiang (an autonomous county of Yuxi, Yunnan, China)


淮河

/xu̯aɪ̯³⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/waːi̯²¹ hɔː²¹/

/huai²³⁻³³ hɤ²³/

/xu̯aɪ̯³⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/waːi̯²¹ hɔː²¹/

/huai²³⁻³³ hɤ²³/


渭河

/weɪ̯⁵¹ xɤ³⁵/

/wɐi̯²² hɔː²¹/

/weɪ̯⁵¹ xɤ³⁵/

/wɐi̯²² hɔː²¹/


楊樹浦

→ English: Yangshupu, Yangtszepoo, Yangtsze-Poo

/jɑŋ³⁵ ʂu⁵¹ pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/jɑŋ³⁵ ʂu⁵¹ pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(～河) Yangshupu Creek (a creek in Yangpu district, Shanghai, China)


楊浦

/jɑŋ³⁵ pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ĩõ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ pʰou⁵²/

/jɑŋ³⁵ pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ĩõ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ pʰou⁵²/

A contraction of the earlier 楊樹浦 /杨树浦 (Yángshùpǔ), named for the 楊樹浦 /杨树浦 (Yángshùpǔ)河 (hé, “Yangshupu Creek”) in the area.

(～區) Yangpu (a district of Shanghai, China)


牡丹江

→ English: Mudanjiang, Mu-tan-chiang

/mu²¹⁴⁻²¹ tän⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/mu²¹⁴ d̥än⁴ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/maːu̯¹³ taːn⁵⁵ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/bɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tan⁴⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁴⁴/

/bɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tan³³ kaŋ³³/

/bɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tan⁴⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁴⁴/

/bɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tan⁴⁴⁻³³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/bɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tan⁴⁴⁻³³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/mu²¹⁴⁻²¹ tän⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/mu²¹⁴ d̥än⁴ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/maːu̯¹³ taːn⁵⁵ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/bɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tan⁴⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁴⁴/

/bɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tan³³ kaŋ³³/

/bɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tan⁴⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁴⁴/

/bɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tan⁴⁴⁻³³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/bɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tan⁴⁴⁻³³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

牡丹 (mǔdān) is a phono-semantic matching of Manchu ᠮᡠᡩᠠᠨ (mudan, “bend”), in the Manchu name for the river ᠮᡠᡩᠠᠨ
ᡠᠯᠠ (mudan ula, “river of bends”).


鴨綠江

/jä⁵⁵ lu⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/aːp̚³ lʊk̚² kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/jä⁵⁵ lu⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/aːp̚³ lʊk̚² kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

zh-l

鴨綠水／鸭绿水 (Yālùshuǐ)

Yalu River, Amnok River (a river on the China-North Korea border)


四瀆

Refers to 長江／长江 (Cháng Jiāng), 黃河／黄河 (Huáng Hé), 淮河 (Huái Hé) and 濟水／济水 (Jǐ Shuǐ).

黃河／黄河 (Huáng Hé)

濟水／济水 (Jǐ Shuǐ)

four large rivers that empty into an ocean

(archaic) the Yangtze, Huai River, Yellow River and Ji River


濟水

/t͡ɕi²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡ɕi²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


青龍

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (青龍):
* → Japanese: 青(せい)竜(りゅう) (seiryū)
* → Korean: 청룡(青龍) (cheongnyong)
* → Vietnamese: Thanh Long (青龍)

/t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵ lʊŋ³⁵/

/t͡sʰɪŋ⁵⁵ lʊŋ²¹/

/t͡sʰiŋ⁵³³⁻¹¹ lœŋ¹³/

/t͡sʰiŋ⁵⁴⁴⁻²¹ lyøŋ²⁴/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ liɔŋ²⁴/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ liɔŋ²³/

/t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵ lʊŋ³⁵/

/t͡sʰɪŋ⁵⁵ lʊŋ²¹/

/t͡sʰiŋ⁵³³⁻¹¹ lœŋ¹³/

/t͡sʰiŋ⁵⁴⁴⁻²¹ lyøŋ²⁴/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ liɔŋ²⁴/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ liɔŋ²³/

(～江) Qinglong (a river in Zhejiang, China), an alternative name of the lower Ao (鰲江/鳌江)


東江

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

The Dong or East River in Guangdong, China


汾河

/fən³⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/fɐn²¹ hɔː²¹/

/fən³⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/fɐn²¹ hɔː²¹/


珠江

→ English: Pearl River (calque)

/ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡syː⁵⁵ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡si²¹ kɔŋ³³/

/t͡su⁴⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡su⁴⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡su⁴⁴⁻³³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡su⁴⁴⁻³³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡syː⁵⁵ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡si²¹ kɔŋ³³/

/t͡su⁴⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡su⁴⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡su⁴⁴⁻³³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡su⁴⁴⁻³³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

Pearl River (a major river in southern China)


策勒

→ English: Cele, Ts'e-le, Ts'e-lo

/t͡sʰɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ lɤ⁵¹/

/t͡sʰaːk̚³ lɐk̚²/

/t͡sʰɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ lɤ⁵¹/

/t͡sʰaːk̚³ lɐk̚²/

(～河) a river in Qira, Hotan prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China


韓江

/xän³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/hɔːn²¹ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/han²⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁴⁴/

/han²⁴⁻²² kaŋ³³/

/han¹³⁻²² kaŋ⁴⁴/

/han²⁴⁻¹¹ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/han²³⁻³³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/haŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ kaŋ³³/

/xän³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/hɔːn²¹ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/han²⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁴⁴/

/han²⁴⁻²² kaŋ³³/

/han¹³⁻²² kaŋ⁴⁴/

/han²⁴⁻¹¹ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/han²³⁻³³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/haŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ kaŋ³³/


洛江

/lu̯ɔ⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/lɔːk̚² kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/lɔːk̚³ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/l̃ouʔ⁵⁻⁵⁵ kouŋ⁵⁵/

/lɔk̚⁴⁻³² kaŋ⁴⁴/

/lɔk̚²⁴⁻² kaŋ³³/

/lɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/lɔk̚⁴⁻³² kaŋ⁴⁴/

/lɔk̚⁴⁻³² kaŋ⁴⁴/

/lu̯ɔ⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/lɔːk̚² kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/lɔːk̚³ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/l̃ouʔ⁵⁻⁵⁵ kouŋ⁵⁵/

/lɔk̚⁴⁻³² kaŋ⁴⁴/

/lɔk̚²⁴⁻² kaŋ³³/

/lɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/lɔk̚⁴⁻³² kaŋ⁴⁴/

/lɔk̚⁴⁻³² kaŋ⁴⁴/


龍江

→ English: Longjiang

/lʊŋ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/lʊŋ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

As a Zhejiang village and port, in reference to its position on the south bank of the lower Ao, locally known as the Qinglong River (青龍江 /青龙江 (qīnglóng jiāng)).


綏芬河

→ English: Sui-fen-ho, Suifenhe

/su̯eɪ̯³⁵ fən⁵⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/su̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ fən⁵⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/sɵy̯⁵⁵ fɐn⁵⁵ hɔː²¹/

/su̯eɪ̯³⁵ fən⁵⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/su̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ fən⁵⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/sɵy̯⁵⁵ fɐn⁵⁵ hɔː²¹/

From Manchu ᠰᡠᡳᡶᡠᠨ (suifun, “awl”) + 河 (hé, “river”), used since the Qing dynasty. Earlier names include 蘇濱水／苏滨水 attested in the History of Jin [1344].

Suifen River, Razdolnaya River (a river in China and Russia)


普渡

/pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ tu⁵¹/

/pʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tɔ²²/

/pʰɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tɔ⁴¹/

/pʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tɔ²²/

/pʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tɔ³³/

/pʰɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tɔ³³/

/pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ tu⁵¹/

/pʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tɔ²²/

/pʰɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tɔ⁴¹/

/pʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tɔ²²/

/pʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tɔ³³/

/pʰɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tɔ³³/

(～河) Pudu River (a river in Yunnan, China)


怒江

→ English: Nujiang

/nu⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/nou̯²² kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/nu⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/nou̯²² kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

Nu River, or the upper reaches of the Salween River in China


那曲

/nä⁵¹ t͡ɕʰy²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/nä⁵¹ t͡ɕʰy⁵⁵/

/naː¹³ kʰʊk̚⁵/

/nä⁵¹ t͡ɕʰy²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/nä⁵¹ t͡ɕʰy⁵⁵/

/naː¹³ kʰʊk̚⁵/

Borrowed from Tibetan ནག་ཆུ (nag chu, “black river”).

Black River (a river in the Tibet Autonomous Region, China; the name for the upper reaches of the Salween)


瀾滄江

Ланьцан Цзян

/län³⁵ t͡sʰɑŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/laːn²¹ t͡sʰɔːŋ⁵⁵ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/län³⁵ t͡sʰɑŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/laːn²¹ t͡sʰɔːŋ⁵⁵ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

Possibly named after the Lao kingdom of Lan Xang (瀾滄 /澜沧 (Láncāng)); see 瀾滄／澜沧 (Láncāng) for more.

zh-l

瀾滄／澜沧 (Láncāng)


遼河

/li̯ɑʊ̯³⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/liːu̯²¹ hɔː²¹/

/liau²³⁻³³ hɤ²³/

/li̯ɑʊ̯³⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/liːu̯²¹ hɔː²¹/

/liau²³⁻³³ hɤ²³/


海河

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ xɤ³⁵/

/hɔːi̯³⁵ hɔː²¹/

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ xɤ³⁵/

/hɔːi̯³⁵ hɔː²¹/


永定河

ㄩㄥˇ ㄉㄧㄥˋ ㄏㄜˊ

ㄩㄥˇ ㄉㄧㄥˋ ㄏㄜˊ

/jʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ tiŋ⁵¹ xɤ³⁵/

/jʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ tiŋ⁵¹ xɤ³⁵/

Renamed, by the Kangxi Emperor, from the earlier antonymous name of 無定河／无定河 (“River of Instability”).


圖們江

/tʰu³⁵ mən³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/tʰou̯²¹ muːn²¹ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/tʰu³⁵ mən³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/tʰou̯²¹ muːn²¹ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

圖們／图们 (Túmén)


塔里木河

ㄊㄚˇ ㄌㄧˇ ㄇㄨˋ ㄏㄜˊ

ㄊㄚˇ ㄌㄧˇ ㄇㄨˋ ㄏㄜˊ

/tʰä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ mu⁵¹ xɤ³⁵/

/tʰaːp̚³ lei̯¹³ mʊk̚² hɔː²¹/

/tʰä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ mu⁵¹ xɤ³⁵/

/tʰaːp̚³ lei̯¹³ mʊk̚² hɔː²¹/

塔里木 (Tǎlǐmù)

Tarim River (a river in the Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


雅魯藏布江

ㄧㄚˇ ㄌㄨˇ ㄗㄤˋ ㄅㄨˋ ㄐㄧㄤ

ㄧㄚˇ ㄌㄨˇ ㄗㄤˋ ㄅㄨˋ ㄐㄧㄤ

Ялуцзанбу Цзян

/jä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ lu²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡sɑŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ pu⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/ŋaː¹³ lou̯¹³ t͡sɔːŋ²² pou̯³³ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/ŋaː¹³ lou̯¹³ t͡sɔːŋ²² pou̯³³ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

See 雅魯藏布／雅鲁藏布 (Yǎlǔzàngbù).

雅魯藏布／雅鲁藏布 (Yǎlǔzàngbù)

Yarlung Tsangpo (a river in the Tibet Autonomous Region, China)


伊犁河

/i⁵⁵ li³⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/jiː⁵⁵ lɐi̯²¹ hɔː²¹/

/i⁵⁵ li³⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/jiː⁵⁵ lɐi̯²¹ hɔː²¹/


嘉陵江

ㄐㄧㄚ ㄌㄧㄥˊ ㄐㄧㄤ

ㄐㄧㄚ ㄌㄧㄥˊ ㄐㄧㄤ

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ liŋ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/kaː⁵⁵ lɪŋ²¹ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/ka³³ liɪŋ²⁴⁻²² kaŋ³³/

/ka⁴⁴⁻³³ liɪŋ²³⁻³³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/ka⁴⁴⁻²² liɪŋ²⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁴⁴/

/ka⁴⁴⁻³³ liɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/kɛ⁴⁴⁻²² liɪŋ¹³⁻²² kaŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ liŋ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/kaː⁵⁵ lɪŋ²¹ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/ka³³ liɪŋ²⁴⁻²² kaŋ³³/

/ka⁴⁴⁻³³ liɪŋ²³⁻³³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/ka⁴⁴⁻²² liɪŋ²⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁴⁴/

/ka⁴⁴⁻³³ liɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/kɛ⁴⁴⁻²² liɪŋ¹³⁻²² kaŋ⁴⁴/


岷江

/min³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/mɐn²¹ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/min³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/mɐn²¹ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

Min River (a river in Sichuan Province, China)


湘江

/ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/sœːŋ⁵⁵ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/siɔŋ³³ kaŋ³³/

/siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁴⁴/

/siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/siaŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁴⁴/

/ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/sœːŋ⁵⁵ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/siɔŋ³³ kaŋ³³/

/siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁴⁴/

/siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/siaŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁴⁴/


烏江

/u⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/wuː⁵⁵ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/u⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/wuː⁵⁵ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

Wu River (a river in Guizhou, China), a tributary of the Yangtze


贛江

/kän⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/kɐm³³ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/kam²¹⁻⁵³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/kam⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ kaŋ³³/

/kam²¹⁻⁵³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/kam¹¹⁻⁵³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/kam²¹⁻⁴¹ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/kän⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/kɐm³³ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/kam²¹⁻⁵³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/kam⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ kaŋ³³/

/kam²¹⁻⁵³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/kam¹¹⁻⁵³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/kam²¹⁻⁴¹ kaŋ⁴⁴/


泗水

/sz̩⁵¹ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/siː³³ sɵy̯³⁵/

/sz̩⁵¹ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/siː³³ sɵy̯³⁵/


圖們

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (圖們):
* → Korean: 도문(圖們) (Domun)

→ English: Tumen, T'u-men

→ Korean: 투먼 (Tumeon)

/tʰu³⁵ mən³⁵/

/tʰu³⁵ mən³⁵/

Short for Manchu ᡨᡠᠮᡝᠨ
ᠰᡝᡴᡳᠶᡝᠨ (tumen sekiyen, “ten thousand + river source”). Related to Chinese 萬／万 (wàn, “ten thousand”); see there for more.

bor

ᡨᡠᠮᡝᠨ ᠰᡝᡴᡳᠶᡝᠨ

(～江) Tumen, Tuman (a river forming part of the border between Jilin, China and North Korea, and the border between Rasŏn, North Korea and Khasansky district, Primorsky Krai, Russia)


塔里木

/tʰä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ mu⁵¹/

/tʰaːp̚³ lei̯¹³ mʊk̚²/

/tʰa(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ li⁵³⁻⁴⁴ bɔk̚⁴/

/tʰa(ʔ)⁵ li⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ bɔk̚²⁴/

/tʰa(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ li⁵³⁻⁴⁴ bɔk̚¹²¹/

/tʰa(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ li⁵³⁻⁴⁴ bɔk̚⁴/

/tʰa(ʔ)³²⁻⁴¹ li⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ bɔk̚⁴/

/tʰä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ mu⁵¹/

/tʰaːp̚³ lei̯¹³ mʊk̚²/

/tʰa(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ li⁵³⁻⁴⁴ bɔk̚⁴/

/tʰa(ʔ)⁵ li⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ bɔk̚²⁴/

/tʰa(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ li⁵³⁻⁴⁴ bɔk̚¹²¹/

/tʰa(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ li⁵³⁻⁴⁴ bɔk̚⁴/

/tʰa(ʔ)³²⁻⁴¹ li⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ bɔk̚⁴/

(～河) Tarim River (a river in the Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


雅魯藏布

ㄧㄚˇ ㄌㄨˇ ㄗㄤˋ ㄅㄨˋ

ㄧㄚˇ ㄌㄨˇ ㄗㄤˋ ㄅㄨˋ

/jä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ lu²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡sɑŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ pu⁵¹/

/ŋaː¹³ lou̯¹³ t͡sɔːŋ²² pou̯³³/

/jä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ lu²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡sɑŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ pu⁵¹/

/ŋaː¹³ lou̯¹³ t͡sɔːŋ²² pou̯³³/

Borrowed from Tibetan ཡར་ཀླུངས་གཙང་པོ (yar klungs gtsang po).

ཡར་ཀླུངས་གཙང་པོ

(～江) Yarlung Tsangpo (a river in the Tibet Autonomous Region, China)


閩江

/min²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/min³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/mɐn¹³ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/maiŋ³³ kɔŋ⁵⁴/

/miŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋøyŋ⁵⁵/

/ban²⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁴⁴/

/bin²⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁴⁴/

/min²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/min³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/mɐn¹³ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/maiŋ³³ kɔŋ⁵⁴/

/miŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋøyŋ⁵⁵/

/ban²⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁴⁴/

/bin²⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁴⁴/


瑪納斯

Borrowed from Manchu ᠮᠠᠨᠠᠰ (manas), from Written Oirat ᡏᠠᠨᠠᠰ (manas, “patroller”); compare Mongolian ᠮᠠᠨᠠᠬᠤ (manaqu), ᠮᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠ (manag-a, “patrol”).

der

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ nä⁵¹ sz̩⁵⁵/

/maː¹³ naːp̚² siː⁵⁵/

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ nä⁵¹ sz̩⁵⁵/

/maː¹³ naːp̚² siː⁵⁵/

(～河) Manasi River (a river in the Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


北江

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/pɐk̚⁵ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/pɐk̚⁵ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/


滹沱河

/xu⁵⁵ tʰu̯ɔ³⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/xu⁵⁵ tʰu̯ɔ³⁵ xɤ³⁵/

Hutuo River (a river in Shanxi and Hebei, China)


灕江

/li³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/lei̯²¹ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/li²⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁴⁴/

/li²⁴⁻²² kaŋ³³/

/li¹³⁻²² kaŋ⁴⁴/

/li²⁴⁻¹¹ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/li²³⁻³³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/li³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/lei̯²¹ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/li²⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁴⁴/

/li²⁴⁻²² kaŋ³³/

/li¹³⁻²² kaŋ⁴⁴/

/li²⁴⁻¹¹ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/li²³⁻³³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

Li River (a river in the Guangxi autonomous region)


江淮

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ xu̯aɪ̯³⁵/

/kɔːŋ⁵⁵ waːi̯²¹/

/kɑ̃⁵⁵ ɦua²¹/

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ xu̯aɪ̯³⁵/

/kɔːŋ⁵⁵ waːi̯²¹/

/kɑ̃⁵⁵ ɦua²¹/


沙河

/saː⁵⁵ hɔː²¹/

/saː⁵⁵ hɔː²¹⁻³⁵/

/saː⁵⁵ hɔː²¹/

/saː⁵⁵ hɔː²¹⁻³⁵/

(～街道) Shahe Subdistrict (various subdistricts in China)

(specifically) Shahe Subdistrict (a subdistrict of Guangzhou)

(～鎮) Shahe Town (various towns in China)

Sha River; Sandy River (various rivers in China)


布拉馬普特拉河

Bùlāmǎpǔtèlā Hé

ㄅㄨˋ ㄌㄚ ㄇㄚˇ ㄆㄨˇ ㄊㄜˋ ㄌㄚ ㄏㄜˊ

ㄅㄨˋ ㄌㄚ ㄇㄚˇ ㄆㄨˇ ㄊㄜˋ ㄌㄚ ㄏㄜˊ

Буламапутэла Хэ

/pu⁵¹ lä⁵⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰɤ⁵¹ lä⁵⁵ xɤ³⁵/


晉江

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (晉江):
* → Vietnamese: Tấn Giang (晉江)

/t͡ɕin⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sɵn³³ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡siŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋouŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sin²¹⁻⁵³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡sin⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ kaŋ³³/

/t͡sin²¹⁻⁵³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡sin¹¹⁻⁵³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡sin²¹⁻⁴¹ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡siŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ kaŋ³³/

/t͡ɕin³³ kɑ̃⁴⁴/

/t͡ɕin⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sɵn³³ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡siŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋouŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sin²¹⁻⁵³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡sin⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ kaŋ³³/

/t͡sin²¹⁻⁵³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡sin¹¹⁻⁵³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡sin²¹⁻⁴¹ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡siŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ kaŋ³³/

/t͡ɕin³³ kɑ̃⁴⁴/

Jin River (a river in southern Fujian, China)


九龍江

ㄐㄧㄡˇ ㄌㄨㄥˊ ㄐㄧㄤ

ㄐㄧㄡˇ ㄌㄨㄥˊ ㄐㄧㄤ

/t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ lʊŋ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/kɐu̯³⁵ lʊŋ²¹ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ lʊŋ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/kɐu̯³⁵ lʊŋ²¹ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

Sense #2 corresponds to Vietnamese sông Cửu Long (literally “Nine Dragons River”).

cog

Jiulong River (the largest river in southern Fujian, China)


黃浦

→ English: Huangpu, Whangpoo, Whang-poo

/xu̯ɑŋ³⁵ pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/wɔːŋ²¹ pʰou̯³⁵/

/hɔŋ²⁴⁻²² pʰɔ⁵³/

/hɔŋ²⁴⁻²² pʰɔ⁵⁵⁴/

/hɔŋ¹³⁻²² pʰɔ⁵³/

/hɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ pʰɔ⁵³/

/hɔŋ²³⁻³³ pʰɔ⁴¹/

/ɦuɑ̃²² pʰu⁴⁴/

/xu̯ɑŋ³⁵ pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/wɔːŋ²¹ pʰou̯³⁵/

/hɔŋ²⁴⁻²² pʰɔ⁵³/

/hɔŋ²⁴⁻²² pʰɔ⁵⁵⁴/

/hɔŋ¹³⁻²² pʰɔ⁵³/

/hɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ pʰɔ⁵³/

/hɔŋ²³⁻³³ pʰɔ⁴¹/

/ɦuɑ̃²² pʰu⁴⁴/

(～江) Huangpu River (a river in Shanghai, China; a tributary of the Yangtze)


烏蘇里江

ㄨ ㄙㄨ ㄌㄧˇ ㄐㄧㄤ

ㄨ ㄙㄨ ㄌㄧˇ ㄐㄧㄤ

/u⁵⁵ su⁵⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/wuː⁵⁵ sou̯⁵⁵ lei̯¹³ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/u⁵⁵ su⁵⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/wuː⁵⁵ sou̯⁵⁵ lei̯¹³ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/


沱沱河

ㄊㄨㄛˊ ㄊㄨㄛˊ ㄏㄜˊ

ㄊㄨㄛˊ ㄊㄨㄛˊ ㄏㄜˊ

/tʰu̯ɔ³⁵ tʰu̯ɔ³⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/tʰɔː²¹ tʰɔː²¹ hɔː²¹/

/tʰu̯ɔ³⁵ tʰu̯ɔ³⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/tʰɔː²¹ tʰɔː²¹ hɔː²¹/

From Tibetan ཐོག་ཐོག་ཆུ (thog thog chu) (translating the last element ཆུ (chu)).


西河

(～鎮) Xihe (a town in Xiaonan district, Xiaogan, Hubei, China)


秦淮河

ㄑㄧㄣˊ ㄏㄨㄞˊ ㄏㄜˊ

ㄑㄧㄣˊ ㄏㄨㄞˊ ㄏㄜˊ

/t͡ɕʰin³⁵ xu̯aɪ̯³⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/t͡ɕʰin³⁵ xu̯aɪ̯³⁵ xɤ³⁵/

Qinhuai River (a river in Jiangsu, China)


汨羅江

ㄇㄧˋ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄐㄧㄤ

ㄇㄧˋ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄐㄧㄤ

/mi⁵¹ lu̯ɔ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/mɪk̚² lɔː²¹ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/mi⁵¹ lu̯ɔ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/mɪk̚² lɔː²¹ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/


永定

→ English: Engteng, Yongding, Yung-ting

/jʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ tiŋ⁵¹/

/wɪŋ¹³ tɪŋ²²/

/iɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tiɪŋ²²/

/ioŋ⁵²⁻³⁵ tĩã¹¹/

/jʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ tiŋ⁵¹/

/wɪŋ¹³ tɪŋ²²/

/iɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tiɪŋ²²/

/ioŋ⁵²⁻³⁵ tĩã¹¹/

Yongding (a river flowing through Shanxi, Hebei and Tianjin provinces, the autonomous region of Inner Mongolia, and the city of Beijing; it flows for 400 miles and empties into the Hai River)


汨羅

/mi⁵¹ lu̯ɔ³⁵/

/mɪk̚² lɔː²¹/

/mi⁵¹ lu̯ɔ³⁵/

/mɪk̚² lɔː²¹/

(～江) Miluo River (a river in Hunan, China)


黃三角

ㄏㄨㄤˊ ㄙㄢ ㄐㄧㄠˇ

ㄏㄨㄤˊ ㄙㄢ ㄐㄧㄠˇ

Хуансаньцзяо

/xu̯ɑŋ³⁵ sän⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

ㄏㄨㄤˊ ㄙㄢ ㄐㄧㄠˇㄦ

хуансаньцзяор

/xu̯ɑŋ³⁵ sän⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯aʊ̯ɻʷ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/wɔːŋ²¹ saːm⁵⁵ kɔːk̚³/

/xu̯ɑŋ³⁵ sän⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/xu̯ɑŋ³⁵ sän⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯aʊ̯ɻʷ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/wɔːŋ²¹ saːm⁵⁵ kɔːk̚³/

黃河三角洲 黃河三角洲#Chinese

黄河三角洲 黄河三角洲#Chinese

Short for 黃河三角洲／黄河三角洲 (Huánghé Sānjiǎozhōu, “Yellow River Delta”).


黃河三角洲

ㄏㄨㄤˊ ㄏㄜˊ ㄙㄢ ㄐㄧㄠˇ ㄓㄡ

ㄏㄨㄤˊ ㄏㄜˊ ㄙㄢ ㄐㄧㄠˇ ㄓㄡ

Хуанхэ Саньцзяочжоу

/xu̯ɑŋ³⁵ xɤ³⁵ sän⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/wɔːŋ²¹ hɔː²¹ saːm⁵⁵ kɔːk̚³ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/wɔːŋ²¹ hɔː²¹ saːm⁵⁵ kɔːk̚³ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/


洋涇浜

English: Yangjingbang

French: Yangjingbang, Yang-King-Pang

/jɑŋ³⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ pɑŋ⁵⁵/

/jœːŋ²¹ kɪŋ⁵⁵ pɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/ɦiã²² t͡ɕin⁵⁵ pã²¹/

/jɑŋ³⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ pɑŋ⁵⁵/

/jœːŋ²¹ kɪŋ⁵⁵ pɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/ɦiã²² t͡ɕin⁵⁵ pã²¹/

延安東路 延安東路#Chinese

延安东路 延安东路#Chinese

Yangjingbang, a former tributary of the Huangpu River in Shanghai, now filled and known as Yan'an East Road (延安東路／延安东路)


額爾齊斯

/ˀɤ³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰi³⁵ sz̩⁵⁵/

/ŋaːk̚² jiː¹³ t͡sʰɐi̯²¹ siː⁵⁵/

/ˀɤ³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰi³⁵ sz̩⁵⁵/

/ŋaːk̚² jiː¹³ t͡sʰɐi̯²¹ siː⁵⁵/

Qing-era Mandarin transcription of Manchu ᡝᡵᠴᡳᠰ (Ercis), from Written Oirat ᡄᠷᡔᡅᠰ (Ercis), from Kipchak [Term?].

(～河) Irtysh (a river in Russia, China and Kazakhstan)


典農河

ㄉㄧㄢˇ ㄋㄨㄥˊ ㄏㄜˊ

ㄉㄧㄢˇ ㄋㄨㄥˊ ㄏㄜˊ

/ti̯ɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹ nʊŋ³⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/tiːn³⁵ nʊŋ²¹ hɔː²¹/

/ti̯ɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹ nʊŋ³⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/tiːn³⁵ nʊŋ²¹ hɔː²¹/

典農／典农 was the name of a nearby settlement during the Western Han dynasty. Renamed from the Islam-flavoured name 艾依河 (Àiyī Hé) in September 2018.

zh-l

艾依河 (Àiyī Hé)

Diannong River (a river in the Gansu autonomous region, China)


錢塘江

ㄑㄧㄢˊ ㄊㄤˊ ㄐㄧㄤ

ㄑㄧㄢˊ ㄊㄤˊ ㄐㄧㄤ

Цяньтан Цзян

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn³⁵ tʰɑŋ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰiːn²¹ tʰɔːŋ²¹ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn³⁵ tʰɑŋ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰiːn²¹ tʰɔːŋ²¹ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/


紅水河

ㄏㄨㄥˊ ㄕㄨㄟˇ ㄏㄜˊ

ㄏㄨㄥˊ ㄕㄨㄟˇ ㄏㄜˊ

/xʊŋ³⁵ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ xɤ³⁵/

/hʊŋ²¹ sɵy̯³⁵ hɔː²¹/

/xʊŋ³⁵ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ xɤ³⁵/

/hʊŋ²¹ sɵy̯³⁵ hɔː²¹/

Hongshui River (a river in the Guangxi autonomous region, China)


曲江

/t͡ɕʰy⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/kʰʊk̚⁵ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕʰy⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/kʰʊk̚⁵ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

Qu River (a tributary of the Nanpan River in Yunnan, China)


漣水

/li̯ɛn³⁵ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/liːn²¹ sɵy̯³⁵/

/li̯ɛn³⁵ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/liːn²¹ sɵy̯³⁵/


淦水

/kän⁵¹ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kɐm³³ sɵy̯³⁵/

/kän⁵¹ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kɐm³³ sɵy̯³⁵/


邕江

/jʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/jʊŋ⁵⁵ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/jʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/jʊŋ⁵⁵ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

Yong River (river in Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China)


萬泉河

ㄨㄢˋ ㄑㄩㄢˊ ㄏㄜˊ

ㄨㄢˋ ㄑㄩㄢˊ ㄏㄜˊ

/wän⁵¹ t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn³⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/maːn¹³ t͡sʰyːn²¹ hɔː²¹/

/wän⁵¹ t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn³⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/maːn¹³ t͡sʰyːn²¹ hɔː²¹/

Wanquan River (a river in Hainan, China)

Wanquan River (a river in Beijing, China)


吳淞江

/u³⁵ sʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/ŋ̍²¹ sʊŋ⁵⁵ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/ɦu²² soŋ⁵⁵ kɑ̃²¹/

/u³⁵ sʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/ŋ̍²¹ sʊŋ⁵⁵ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/ɦu²² soŋ⁵⁵ kɑ̃²¹/


蘇州河

/su⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/sou̯⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵ hɔː²¹/

/su⁵⁵ t͡sɤ³³ ɦu²¹/

/su⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/sou̯⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵ hɔː²¹/

/su⁵⁵ t͡sɤ³³ ɦu²¹/

Calque of English Soochow Creek, the name given by foreigners as the Wusong River connected Shanghai and Suzhou. The name 蘇州河 is predominantly used in Shanghai.

Wusong River; Suzhou Creek (river in China)


拉薩河

/lä⁵⁵ sä⁵¹ xɤ³⁵/

/laːi̯⁵⁵ saːt̚³ hɔː²¹/

/lä⁵⁵ sä⁵¹ xɤ³⁵/

/laːi̯⁵⁵ saːt̚³ hɔː²¹/

Lhasa River (a river in the Tibet Autonomous Region, China)


涇河

/t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ xɤ³⁵/


當曲

/tɑŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰy⁵⁵/

/tɑŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰy⁵⁵/

From Tibetan འདམ་ཆུ ('dam chu, literally “marshy river”).


通天河

/tʰʊŋ⁵⁵ tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/tʰʊŋ⁵⁵ tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ xɤ³⁵/


格爾木河

ㄍㄜˊ ㄦˇ ㄇㄨˋ ㄏㄜˊ

ㄍㄜˊ ㄦˇ ㄇㄨˋ ㄏㄜˊ

/kɤ³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ mu⁵¹ xɤ³⁵/

/kɤ³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ mu⁵¹ xɤ³⁵/


玉龍喀什

ㄩˋ ㄌㄨㄥˊ ㄎㄚ ㄕˊ

ㄩˋ ㄌㄨㄥˊ ㄎㄚ ㄕˊ

/y⁵¹ lʊŋ³⁵ kʰä⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/y⁵¹ lʊŋ³⁵ kʰä⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

(～河) White Jade River (a river in Hotan prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


喀拉喀什

/kʰä⁵⁵ lä⁵⁵ kʰä⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/kʰä⁵⁵ lä⁵⁵ kʰä⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

Borrowed from Uyghur قاراقاش (qaraqash).

(～河) Karakash River (a river in the Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


呼蘭河

/xu⁵⁵ län³⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/fuː⁵⁵ laːn²¹ hɔː²¹/

/xu⁵⁵ län³⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/fuː⁵⁵ laːn²¹ hɔː²¹/

Hulan River (river in Heilongjiang Province, China)


輝發河

/xu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ fä⁵⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/fɐi̯⁵⁵ faːt̚³ hɔː²¹/

/xu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ fä⁵⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/fɐi̯⁵⁵ faːt̚³ hɔː²¹/

Huifa River (a river in northeast China)


淝水

/feɪ̯³⁵ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/feɪ̯³⁵ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

淝水之戰

淝水之战

(historical) Fei River (a river in China)


涪江

/fu³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/fu³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

Fu River (a river in Sichuan and Chongqing, China)


柳江

/li̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/lɐu̯¹³ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/li̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/lɐu̯¹³ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

Liu River (a river in Guizhou and Guangxi autonomous region, China)


潯江

/ɕyn³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰɐm²¹ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/ɕyn³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰɐm²¹ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/


右江

/joʊ̯⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/jɐu̯²² kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/joʊ̯⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/jɐu̯²² kɔːŋ⁵⁵/


左江

/t͡su̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sɔː³⁵ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡su̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sɔː³⁵ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/


賀江

/xɤ⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/hɔː²² kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/xɤ⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/hɔː²² kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

He River (a river in Guangxi and Guangdong, China)


鬱江

/y⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/wɐt̚⁵ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/y⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/wɐt̚⁵ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

Yu River (a river in the Guangxi autonomous region, China)

Yu River (a river in Chongqing and Hebei, China)


北盤江

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ pʰän³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/pɐk̚⁵ pʰuːn²¹ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ pʰän³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/pɐk̚⁵ pʰuːn²¹ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

Beipan River (a river in Yunnan and Guizhou, China)


南盤江

Наньпаньцзян

/nän³⁵ pʰän³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/naːm²¹ pʰuːn²¹ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/nän³⁵ pʰän³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/naːm²¹ pʰuːn²¹ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

Nanpan River (a river in Yunnan and Guizhou, China)


松阿察河

ㄙㄨㄥ ㄚ ㄔㄚˊ ㄏㄜˊ

ㄙㄨㄥ ㄚ ㄔㄚˊ ㄏㄜˊ

/sʊŋ⁵⁵ ˀä⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰä³⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/sʊŋ⁵⁵ ˀä⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰä³⁵ xɤ³⁵/


呼瑪河

/xu⁵⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ xɤ³⁵/

/xu⁵⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ xɤ³⁵/

Huma River (a tributary of the Amur River, Heilongjiang Province, China)


梅江

/meɪ̯³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/muːi̯²¹ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/meɪ̯³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/muːi̯²¹ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

Mei River (a tributary river of the Han River in eastern Guangdong, China)

Mei River (a tributary river of the Meihua River in western Guangdong, China)


和田河

ㄏㄜˊ ㄊㄧㄢˊ ㄏㄜˊ

ㄏㄜˊ ㄊㄧㄢˊ ㄏㄜˊ

/xɤ³⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/wɔː²¹ tʰiːn²¹ hɔː²¹/

/xɤ³⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/wɔː²¹ tʰiːn²¹ hɔː²¹/

Hotan River (a river in the Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


和闐河

ㄏㄜˊ ㄊㄧㄢˊ ㄏㄜˊ

ㄏㄜˊ ㄊㄧㄢˊ ㄏㄜˊ

/xɤ³⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/wɔː²¹ tʰiːn²¹ hɔː²¹/

/xɤ³⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/wɔː²¹ tʰiːn²¹ hɔː²¹/

Old name for 和田河 (Hétiánhé, “Hotan River (a river in the Xinjiang autonomous region, China)”).


練江

/li̯ɛn⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/liːn²² kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/li̯ɛn⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/liːn²² kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

Lian River (a river in Guangdong, China)


榕江

/ʐʊŋ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/jʊŋ²¹ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/ioŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ kaŋ³³/

/ʐʊŋ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/jʊŋ²¹ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/ioŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ kaŋ³³/

Rong River (a river in Guangdong, China)


虹口

→ English: Hongkew, Hongkou

/xʊŋ³⁵ kʰoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/hʊŋ²¹ hɐu̯³⁵/

/ɦoŋ²² kʰɤ⁴⁴/

/xʊŋ³⁵ kʰoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/hʊŋ²¹ hɐu̯³⁵/

/ɦoŋ²² kʰɤ⁴⁴/

(～港) Hongkou Creek (a river in Shanghai, China)


黔江

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/kʰiːm²¹ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/kʰiːm²¹ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

Qian River (a tributary of the Yu River in Guangxi autonomous region, China; part of the Xi River system)


獅泉河

/ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn³⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/siː⁵⁵ t͡sʰyːn²¹ hɔː²¹/

/ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn³⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/siː⁵⁵ t͡sʰyːn²¹ hɔː²¹/

Calque of Tibetan སེང་གེ་ཁ་འབབ (seng ge kha 'bab).

cal

སེང་གེ་ཁ་འབབ

Sênggê Zangbo (a river in Ngari prefecture, Tibet Autonomous Region, China; the upper course of the Indus River)


象泉河

ㄒㄧㄤˋ ㄑㄩㄢˊ ㄏㄜˊ

ㄒㄧㄤˋ ㄑㄩㄢˊ ㄏㄜˊ

/ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵¹ t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn³⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/t͡sœːŋ²² t͡sʰyːn²¹ hɔː²¹/

/ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵¹ t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn³⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/t͡sœːŋ²² t͡sʰyːn²¹ hɔː²¹/

Calque of Tibetan གླང་ཆེན་གཙང་པོ (glang chen gtsang po).

གླང་ཆེན་གཙང་པོ

Langqên Zangbo (a river, the upper course of the Sutlej River in Ngari prefecture, Tibet autonomous region, China)


年楚河

ㄋㄧㄢˊ ㄔㄨˇ ㄏㄜˊ

ㄋㄧㄢˊ ㄔㄨˇ ㄏㄜˊ

/ni̯ɛn³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ xɤ³⁵/

/niːn²¹ t͡sʰɔː³⁵ hɔː²¹/

/ni̯ɛn³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ xɤ³⁵/

/niːn²¹ t͡sʰɔː³⁵ hɔː²¹/

From Tibetan མྱང་ཆུ (myang chu) + 河 (hé, “river”).

Nyang Qu (a tributary of the Yarlung Tsangpo in Shigatse, Tibet autonomous region, China)


弱水

/ʐu̯ɔ⁵¹ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʐu̯ɔ⁵¹ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Ruo Shui (a river in Gansu and Inner Mongolia, China)


霍爾果斯河

ㄏㄨㄛˋ ㄦˇ ㄍㄨㄛˇ ㄙ ㄏㄜˊ

ㄏㄨㄛˋ ㄦˇ ㄍㄨㄛˇ ㄙ ㄏㄜˊ

/xu̯ɔ⁵¹ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ku̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ sz̩⁵⁵ xɤ³⁵/

Khorgas River (a river in China and Kazakhstan)


資江

/t͡sz̩⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sz̩⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/


渭水

/weɪ̯⁵¹ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/wɐi̯²² sɵy̯³⁵/

/weɪ̯⁵¹ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/wɐi̯²² sɵy̯³⁵/


秦淮

/t͡ɕʰin³⁵ xu̯aɪ̯³⁵/

/t͡sʰɵn²¹ waːi̯²¹/

/t͡sʰiŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ huai⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕʰin³⁵ xu̯aɪ̯³⁵/

/t͡sʰɵn²¹ waːi̯²¹/

/t͡sʰiŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ huai⁵⁵/

(～河) Qinhuai River (a river in Jiangsu, China)


葉爾羌河

ㄧㄝˋ ㄦˇ ㄑㄧㄤ ㄏㄜˊ

ㄧㄝˋ ㄦˇ ㄑㄧㄤ ㄏㄜˊ

/jɛ⁵¹ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/jiːp̚² jiː¹³ kœːŋ⁵⁵ hɔː²¹/

/jɛ⁵¹ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/jiːp̚² jiː¹³ kœːŋ⁵⁵ hɔː²¹/

Yarkand River (a river in the Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


灤河

/lu̯än³⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/lyːn²¹ hɔː²¹/

/lu̯än³⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/lyːn²¹ hɔː²¹/


資水

/t͡sz̩⁵⁵ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sz̩⁵⁵ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


湘水

/ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


撫河

/fu²¹⁴⁻²¹ xɤ³⁵/

/fu²¹⁴⁻²¹ xɤ³⁵/


西遼河

/ɕi⁵⁵ li̯ɑʊ̯³⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/ɕi⁵⁵ li̯ɑʊ̯³⁵ xɤ³⁵/

Xiliao River, West Liao River (a river in China)


渦河

/ku̯ɔ⁵⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/ku̯ɔ⁵⁵ xɤ³⁵/

Guo River (a river in Henan and Anhui, China)


洙水

/ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡syː⁵⁵ sɵy̯³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡syː⁵⁵ sɵy̯³⁵/


洙泗

/ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵ sz̩⁵¹/

/ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵ sz̩⁵¹/


汀江

/tʰiŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/tʰiŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

Ting River (a river in western Fujian and a main tributary of the Han River)


伊通河

/i⁵⁵ tʰʊŋ⁵⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/jiː⁵⁵ tʰʊŋ⁵⁵ hɔː²¹/

/i⁵⁵ tʰʊŋ⁵⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/jiː⁵⁵ tʰʊŋ⁵⁵ hɔː²¹/

Yitong River (a river in Jilin province, China; the largest tributary of the Yinma River)


飲馬河

/in⁵¹ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ xɤ³⁵/

/in⁵¹ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ xɤ³⁵/

飲馬／饮马 (yìnmǎ) is in fact a phono-semantic matching of the non-Sinitic name of the river.

zh-l

飲馬／饮马 (yìnmǎ)

Yinma River (a river in Jilin province, China; a tributary of the Second Songhua River)