天童

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ tʰʊŋ³⁵/

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ tʰʊŋ³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 天童 (Tendō).

(～市) Tendō (a city in Yamagata Prefecture, Japan)


大月

/tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɥɛ⁵¹/

/tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɥɛ⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 大月(おおつき) (Ōtsuki).

(～市) Ōtsuki (a city in Yamanashi Prefecture)


韮崎

/t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 韮崎 (Nirasaki).

obor

(～市) Nirasaki (a city in Yamanashi Prefecture, Japan)


南阿爾卑斯

ㄋㄢˊ ㄚ ㄦˇ ㄅㄟ ㄙ

ㄋㄢˊ ㄚ ㄦˇ ㄅㄟ ㄙ

Наньаэрбэйсы

/nän³⁵ ˀä⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ peɪ̯⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵/

/nän³⁵ ˀä⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ peɪ̯⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵/

Calque of Japanese 南アルプス (Minami Arupusu).

calque

(～市) Minami-Alps (a city in Yamanashi Prefecture, Japan)


笛吹

/ti³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵/

/ti³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 笛吹 (Fuefuki).

obor

(～市) Fuefuki (a city in Yamanashi Prefecture, Japan)


北杜

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ tu⁵¹/

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ tu⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 北杜 (Hokuto).

(～市) Hokuto (a city in Yamanashi Prefecture, Japan)


上野原

/ʂɑŋ⁵¹ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɥɛn³⁵/

/ʂɑŋ⁵¹ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɥɛn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 上野原 (Uenohara).

(～市) Uenohara (a city in Yamanashi Prefecture, Japan)


甲州

/t͡ɕi̯ä²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕi̯ä²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 甲州 (Kōshū).

(～市) Kōshū (a city in Yamanashi Prefecture, Japan)


新州

/ɕin⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/sɐn⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/ɕin⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/sɐn⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

New Jersey (a state of the United States)


新南威爾斯

ㄒㄧㄣ ㄋㄢˊ ㄨㄟ ㄦˇ ㄙ

ㄒㄧㄣ ㄋㄢˊ ㄨㄟ ㄦˇ ㄙ

Синь Нань Вэйэрсы

/ɕin⁵⁵ nän³⁵ weɪ̯⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ sz̩⁵⁵/

/sɐn⁵⁵ naːm²¹ wɐi̯⁵⁵ jiː¹³ siː⁵⁵/

/ɕin⁵⁵ nän³⁵ weɪ̯⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ sz̩⁵⁵/

/sɐn⁵⁵ naːm²¹ wɐi̯⁵⁵ jiː¹³ siː⁵⁵/

(～州) (Taiwan) New South Wales (a state of Australia)


威爾斯

/weɪ̯⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ sz̩⁵⁵/

/wɐi̯⁵⁵ jiː¹³ siː⁵⁵/

/ue⁵⁵ ɦəl³³ sz̩²¹/

/weɪ̯⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ sz̩⁵⁵/

/wɐi̯⁵⁵ jiː¹³ siː⁵⁵/

/ue⁵⁵ ɦəl³³ sz̩²¹/

(Hong Kong, Taiwan) Wales (a constituent country of the United Kingdom)


阿德

阿德萊德 阿德萊德#Chinese

阿德莱德 阿德莱德#Chinese

short for 阿德萊德／阿德莱德 (Ādéláidé): Adelaide (the state capital and largest city in South Australia)


阿德雷德

ㄚ ㄉㄜˊ ㄌㄟˊ ㄉㄜˊ

ㄚ ㄉㄜˊ ㄌㄟˊ ㄉㄜˊ

/ˀä⁵⁵ tɤ³⁵ leɪ̯³⁵ tɤ³⁵/

/ˀä⁵⁵ tɤ³⁵ leɪ̯³⁵ tɤ³⁵/

阿德萊德 阿德萊德#Chinese

阿德莱德 阿德莱德#Chinese

Alternative name for 阿德萊德／阿德莱德 (Ādéláidé).: Adelaide (the state capital and largest city in South Australia)


岡谷

/kɑŋ⁵⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kɑŋ⁵⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 岡谷 (Okaya).

(～市) Okaya (a city in Nagano Prefecture, Japan)


須坂

/ɕy⁵⁵ pän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ɕy⁵⁵ pän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 須坂 (Suzaka).

(～市) Suzaka (a city in Nagano Prefecture, Japan)


小諸

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵/

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 小諸 (Komoro).

(～市) Komoro (a city in Nagano Prefecture, Japan)


伊那

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 伊那 (Ina).

(～市) Ina (a city in Nagano Prefecture, Japan)


駒根

/t͡ɕy⁵⁵ kən⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕy⁵⁵ kən⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 駒ヶ根 (Komagane).

(～市) Komagane (a city in Nagano Prefecture, Japan)


大町

/tä⁵¹ tʰiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tä⁵¹ tʰiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 大町 (Ōmachi).

(～市) Ōmachi (a city in Nagano Prefecture, Japan)


飯山

/fän⁵¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

/fän⁵¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 飯山 (Iiyama).

(～市) Iiyama (a city in Nagano Prefecture, Japan)


茅野

/mɑʊ̯³⁵ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/mɑʊ̯³⁵ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 茅野 (Chino).

(～市) Chino (a city in Nagano Prefecture, Japan)


鹽尻

/jɛn³⁵ kʰɑʊ̯⁵⁵/

/jɛn³⁵ kʰɑʊ̯⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 塩尻 (Shiojiri).

(～市) Shiojiri (a city in Nagano Prefecture, Japan)


佐久

/t͡su̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡su̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 佐久 (Saku).

(～市) Saku (a city in Nagano Prefecture, Japan)


東御

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 東御 (Tōmi).

(～市) Tōmi (a city in Nagano Prefecture, Japan)


安曇野

/ˀän⁵⁵ tʰän³⁵ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ˀän⁵⁵ tʰän³⁵ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 安曇野 (Azumino).

(～市) Azumino (a city in Nagano Prefecture, Japan)


大垣

/tä⁵¹ ɥɛn³⁵/

/tä⁵¹ ɥɛn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 大垣 (Ōgaki).

(～市) Ōgaki (a city in Gifu Prefecture, Japan)


多治見

/tu̯ɔ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/tu̯ɔ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 多治見 (Tajimi).

(～市) Tajimi (a city in Gifu Prefecture, Japan)


中津川

Чжунцзиньчуань

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕin⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕin⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 中津川 (Nagatsugawa).

(～市) (～市) Nagatsugawa (a city in Gifu Prefecture, Japan)


瑞浪

/ʐu̯eɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ lɑŋ⁵¹/

/ʐu̯eɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ lɑŋ⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 瑞浪 (Mizunami).

(～市) Mizunami (a city in Gifu Prefecture, Japan)


羽島

/y²¹⁴⁻³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/y²¹⁴⁻³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 羽島 (Hashima).

(～市) Hashima (a city in Gifu Prefecture, Japan)


惠那

/xu̯eɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ nä⁵¹/

/xu̯eɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ nä⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 恵那 (Ena).

(～市) Ena (a city in Gifu Prefecture, Japan)


美濃加茂

ㄇㄟˇ ㄋㄨㄥˊ ㄐㄧㄚ ㄇㄠˋ

ㄇㄟˇ ㄋㄨㄥˊ ㄐㄧㄚ ㄇㄠˋ

Мэйнунцзямао

/meɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ nʊŋ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ mɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/meɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ nʊŋ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ mɑʊ̯⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 美濃加茂 (Minokamo).

(～市) Minokamo (a city in Gifu Prefecture, Japan)


土岐

/tʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/tʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 土岐 (Toki).

(～市) Toki (a city in Gifu Prefecture, Japan)


各務原

/kɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ u⁵¹ ɥɛn³⁵/

/kɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ u⁵¹ ɥɛn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 各務原 (Kakamigahara).

(～市) Kakamigahara (a city in Gifu Prefecture, Japan)


可兒

/kʰɤ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ˀɤɻ³⁵/

/kʰɤ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ˀɤɻ³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 可児 (Kani).

(～市) Kani (a city in Gifu Prefecture, Japan)


山縣

/ʂän⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/ʂän⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 山県 (Yamagata).

(～市) Yamagata (a city in Gifu Prefecture, Japan)


本巢

/pən²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯³⁵/

/pən²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 本巣 (Motosu).

(～市) Motosu (a city in Gifu Prefecture, Japan)


飛驒

/feɪ̯⁵⁵ tʰu̯ɔ³⁵/

/fei̯⁵⁵ tʰɔː²¹/

/feɪ̯⁵⁵ tʰu̯ɔ³⁵/

/fei̯⁵⁵ tʰɔː²¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 飛騨(ひだ) (Hida).

(～市) Hida (a city in Gifu Prefecture, Japan)


郡上

/t͡ɕyn⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂɑŋ⁵¹/

/t͡ɕyn⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂɑŋ⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 郡上 (Gujō).

(～市) Gujō (a city in Gifu Prefecture, Japan)


下呂

/ɕi̯ä⁵¹ ly²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ɕi̯ä⁵¹ ly²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 下呂 (Gero).

(～市) Gero (a city in Gifu Prefecture, Japan)


海津

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 海津 (Kaizu).

(～市) Kaizu (a city in Gifu Prefecture, Japan)


濱松

/pin⁵⁵ sʊŋ⁵⁵/

/pin⁵⁵ sʊŋ⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 浜松 (Hamamatsu).

(～市) Hamamatsu (a city in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan)


沼津

/ʈ͡ʂɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 沼津 (Numazu).

(～市) Numazu (a city in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan)


熱海

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 熱海(あたみ) (Atami).

/ʐɤ⁵¹ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/jiːt̚² hɔːi̯³⁵/

/ʐɤ⁵¹ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/jiːt̚² hɔːi̯³⁵/

(～市) Atami (a city in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan)


富士宮

/fu⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

/fu⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 富士宮 (Fujinomiya).

(～市) Fujinomiya (a city in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan)


磐田

/pʰän³⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/pʰän³⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 磐田 (Iwata).

(～市) Iwata (a city in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan)


燒津

/ʂɑʊ̯⁵⁵ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/

/ʂɑʊ̯⁵⁵ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 焼津 (Yaizu).

(～市) Yaizu (a city in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan)


掛川

/ku̯ä⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

/ku̯ä⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 掛川 (Kakegawa).

(～市) Kakegawa (a city in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan)


御殿場

/y⁵¹⁻⁵³ ti̯ɛn⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/y⁵¹⁻⁵³ ti̯ɛn⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵/

/y⁵¹⁻⁵³ ti̯ɛn⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/y⁵¹⁻⁵³ ti̯ɛn⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 御殿場 (Gotenba).

(～市) Gotenba (a city in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan)


袋井

/taɪ̯⁵¹ t͡ɕiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/taɪ̯⁵¹ t͡ɕiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 袋井 (Fukuroi).

(～市) Fukuroi (a city in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan)


御前崎

/y⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn³⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/y⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn³⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 御前崎 (Omaezaki).

(～市) Omaezaki (a city in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan)


菊川

/t͡ɕy³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕy³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 菊川 (Kikugawa).

(～市) Kikugawa (a city in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan)


伊豆之國

ㄧ ㄉㄡˋ ㄓ ㄍㄨㄛˊ

ㄧ ㄉㄡˋ ㄓ ㄍㄨㄛˊ

/i⁵⁵ toʊ̯⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

/i⁵⁵ toʊ̯⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 伊豆の国 (Izunokuni).

(～市) Izunokuni (a city in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan)


牧之原

/mu⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

/mu⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 牧之原 (Makinohara).

(～市) Makinohara (a city in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan)


豐橋

/fɤŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵/

/fɤŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 豊橋 (Toyohashi).

(～市) Toyohashi (a city in Aichi Prefecture, Japan)


瀨戶

/laɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ xu⁵¹/

/laɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ xu⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 瀬戸 (Seto).

(～市) Seto (a city in Aichi Prefecture, Japan)


春日井

/ʈ͡ʂʰu̯ən⁵⁵ ʐ̩⁵¹ t͡ɕiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʈ͡ʂʰu̯ən⁵⁵ ʐ̩⁵¹ t͡ɕiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 春日井 (Kasugai).

(～市) Kasugai (a city in Aichi Prefecture, Japan)


豐川

/fɤŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

/fɤŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 豊川 (Toyokawa).

(～市) Toyokawa (a city in Aichi Prefecture, Japan)


津島

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 津島 (Tsushima).

(～市) Tsushima (a city in Aichi Prefecture, Japan)


碧南

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 碧南 (Hekinan).

(～市) Hekinan (a city in Aichi Prefecture, Japan)


刈谷

/i⁵¹ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/i⁵¹ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 刈谷 (Kariya).

(～市) Kariya (a city in Aichi Prefecture, Japan)


蒲郡

/pʰu³⁵ t͡ɕyn⁵¹/

/pʰu³⁵ t͡ɕyn⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 蒲郡 (Gamagōri).

(～市) Gamagōri (a city in Aichi Prefecture, Japan)


犬山

/t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 犬山 (Inuyama).

(～市) Inuyama (a city in Aichi Prefecture, Japan)


常滑

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ xu̯ä³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ xu̯ä³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 常滑 (Tokoname).

(～市) Tokoname (a city in Aichi Prefecture, Japan)


小牧

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ mu⁵¹/

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ mu⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 小牧 (Komaki).

(～市) Komaki (a city in Aichi Prefecture, Japan)


稻澤

/tɑʊ̯⁵¹ t͡sɤ³⁵/

/tɑʊ̯⁵¹ t͡sɤ³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 稲沢 (Inazawa).

(～市) Inazawa (a city in Aichi Prefecture, Japan)


新城

/ɕin⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/sɐn⁵⁵ sɪŋ²¹/

/sin⁴⁴⁻²² siã²⁴/

/sin⁴⁴⁻²² siã¹³/

/sin⁴⁴⁻³³ siã²⁴/

/sin⁴⁴⁻³³ siã²³/

/ɕin⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/sɐn⁵⁵ sɪŋ²¹/

/sin⁴⁴⁻²² siã²⁴/

/sin⁴⁴⁻²² siã¹³/

/sin⁴⁴⁻³³ siã²⁴/

/sin⁴⁴⁻³³ siã²³/

(～市) Shinshiro (a city in Aichi Prefecture, Japan)

(～鄉) Xincheng (a rural township in Hualien County, Taiwan)

(～鎮) Xincheng (a town in Jiayuguan, Gansu, China)

(～社區) Xincheng (a residential community in Ruoqiang, Ruoqiang, Bayingolin prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


大府

/tä⁵¹ fu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tä⁵¹ fu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 大府 (Ōbu).

(～市) Ōbu (a city in Aichi Prefecture, Japan)


知多

/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ tu̯ɔ⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ tu̯ɔ⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 知多 (Chita).

(～市) Chita (a city in Aichi Prefecture, Japan)


知立

/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ li⁵¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ li⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 知立 (Chiryū).

(～市) Chiryū (a city in Aichi Prefecture, Japan)


尾張旭

/weɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂɑŋ⁵⁵ ɕy⁵¹/

/weɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂɑŋ⁵⁵ ɕy⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 尾張旭 (Owariasahi).

(～市) Owariasahi (a city in Aichi Prefecture, Japan)


高濱

/kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ pin⁵⁵/

/kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ pin⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 高浜 (Takahama).

(～市) Takahama (a city in Aichi Prefecture, Japan)


岩倉

/jɛn³⁵ t͡sʰɑŋ⁵⁵/

/jɛn³⁵ t͡sʰɑŋ⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 岩倉 (Iwakura).

(～市) Iwakura (a city in Aichi Prefecture, Japan)


豐明

/fɤŋ⁵⁵ miŋ³⁵/

/fɤŋ⁵⁵ miŋ³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 豊明 (Toyoake).

(～市) Toyoake (a city in Aichi Prefecture, Japan)


日進

/ʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕin⁵¹/

/ʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕin⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 日進 (Nisshin).

(～市) Nisshin (a city in Aichi Prefecture, Japan)


愛西

/ˀaɪ̯⁵¹ ɕi⁵⁵/

/ˀaɪ̯⁵¹ ɕi⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 愛西 (Aisai).

(～市) Aisai (a city in Aichi Prefecture, Japan)


清須

/t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵ ɕy⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵ ɕy⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 清須 (Kiyosu).

(～市) Kiyosu (a city in Aichi Prefecture, Japan)


松阪

/sʊŋ⁵⁵ pän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʰʊŋ²¹ paːn³⁵/

/sʊŋ⁵⁵ pän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʰʊŋ²¹ paːn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 松阪 (Matsusaka).

(～市) Matsusaka (a city in Mie Prefecture, Japan)


桑名

/sɑŋ⁵⁵ miŋ³⁵/

/sɑŋ⁵⁵ miŋ³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 桑名 (Kuwana).

(～市) Kuwana (a city in Mie Prefecture, Japan)


名張

/miŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂɑŋ⁵⁵/

/miŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂɑŋ⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 名張 (Nabari).

(～市) Nabari (a city in Mie Prefecture, Japan)


尾鷲

/weɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵¹/

/weɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 尾鷲 (Owase).

(～市) Owase (a city in Mie Prefecture, Japan)


龜山

/ku̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/ku̯i²⁴⁻¹¹ san²⁴/

/ku⁴⁴⁻²² suã⁴⁴/

/ku⁴⁴⁻²² suã⁴⁴/

/ku⁴⁴⁻³³ suã⁴⁴/

/ku⁴⁴⁻³³ suã⁴⁴/

/ku̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/ku̯i²⁴⁻¹¹ san²⁴/

/ku⁴⁴⁻²² suã⁴⁴/

/ku⁴⁴⁻²² suã⁴⁴/

/ku⁴⁴⁻³³ suã⁴⁴/

/ku⁴⁴⁻³³ suã⁴⁴/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 亀山 (Kameyama).

(～市) Kameyama (a city in Mie Prefecture, Japan)

(～區, formerly ～鄉) Guishan (a district of Taoyuan, Taiwan, formerly a rural township)

(～鎮) Guishan (a town in Macheng, Huanggang, Hubei, China)

(～島) Guishan Island (an island administered by Yilan County, Taiwan)


員辨

/ɥɛn³⁵ pi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/ɥɛn³⁵ pi̯ɛn⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese いなべ (Inabe).

(～市) Inabe (a city in Mie Prefecture, Japan)


彥根

/jɛn⁵¹ kən⁵⁵/

/jɛn⁵¹ kən⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 彦根 (Hikone).

(～市) Hikone (a city in Shiga Prefecture, Japan)


長濱

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ pin⁵⁵/

/tŋ̍²⁴⁻²² pin⁴⁴/

/tŋ̍²⁴⁻²² pin³³/

/tŋ̍¹³⁻²² pin⁴⁴/

/tŋ̍²⁴⁻¹¹ pin⁴⁴/

/tŋ̍²³⁻³³ pin⁴⁴/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ pin⁵⁵/

/tŋ̍²⁴⁻²² pin⁴⁴/

/tŋ̍²⁴⁻²² pin³³/

/tŋ̍¹³⁻²² pin⁴⁴/

/tŋ̍²⁴⁻¹¹ pin⁴⁴/

/tŋ̍²³⁻³³ pin⁴⁴/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 長浜 (Nagahama).

(～市) Nagahama (a city in Shiga Prefecture, Japan)


長濱

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ pin⁵⁵/

/tŋ̍²⁴⁻²² pin⁴⁴/

/tŋ̍²⁴⁻²² pin³³/

/tŋ̍¹³⁻²² pin⁴⁴/

/tŋ̍²⁴⁻¹¹ pin⁴⁴/

/tŋ̍²³⁻³³ pin⁴⁴/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ pin⁵⁵/

/tŋ̍²⁴⁻²² pin⁴⁴/

/tŋ̍²⁴⁻²² pin³³/

/tŋ̍¹³⁻²² pin⁴⁴/

/tŋ̍²⁴⁻¹¹ pin⁴⁴/

/tŋ̍²³⁻³³ pin⁴⁴/

(～鄉) Changbin (a rural township in Taitung County, Taiwan)


近江八幡

ㄐㄧㄣˋ ㄐㄧㄤ ㄅㄚ ㄈㄢ

ㄐㄧㄣˋ ㄐㄧㄤ ㄅㄚ ㄈㄢ

Цзиньцзянбафань

/t͡ɕin⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ pä⁵⁵ fän⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕin⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ pä⁵⁵ fän⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 近江八幡 (Ōmihachiman).

(～市) Ōmihachiman (a city in Shiga Prefecture, Japan)


草津

/t͡sʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 草津 (Kusatsu).

(～市) Kusatsu (a city in Shiga Prefecture, Japan)


守山

/ʂoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

/ʂoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 守山 (Moriyama).

(～市) Moriyama (a city in Shiga Prefecture, Japan)


栗東

/li⁵¹ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/li⁵¹ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 栗東 (Rittō).

(～市) Rittō (a city in Shiga Prefecture, Japan)


甲賀

/t͡ɕi̯ä²¹⁴⁻²¹ xɤ⁵¹/

/t͡ɕi̯ä²¹⁴⁻²¹ xɤ⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 甲賀 (Kōka).

(～市) Kōka (a city in Shiga Prefecture, Japan)


野洲

/jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 野洲 (Yasu).

(～市) Yasu (a city in Shiga Prefecture, Japan)


東近江

ㄉㄨㄥ ㄐㄧㄣˋ ㄐㄧㄤ

ㄉㄨㄥ ㄐㄧㄣˋ ㄐㄧㄤ

Дунцзиньцзян

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕin⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕin⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 東近江 (Higashiomi).

(～市) Higashiomi (a city in Shiga Prefecture, Japan)


米原

/mi²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɥɛn³⁵/

/mi²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɥɛn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 米原 (Maibara).

(～市) Maibara (a city in Shiga Prefecture, Japan)


福知山

/fu³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/fu³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 福知山 (Fukuchiyama).

(～市) Fukuchiyama (a city in Kyōto prefecture, Japan)


綾部

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 綾部 (Ayabe).

(～市) Ayabe (a city in Kyōto prefecture, Japan)


宮津

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡sɵn⁵⁵/

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡sɵn⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 宮津 (Miyazu).

(～市) Miyazu (a city in Kyōto prefecture, Japan)


龜岡

/ku̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ kɑŋ⁵⁵/

/ku̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ kɑŋ⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 亀岡 (Kameoka).

(～市) Kameoka (a city in Kyōto prefecture, Japan)


城陽

/ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵ jɑŋ³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵ jɑŋ³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 城陽 (Jōyō).

(～市) Jōyō (a city in Kyōto prefecture, Japan)


長岡京

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ kɑŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ kɑŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 長岡京 (Nagaokakyō).

(～市) Nagaokakyō (a city in Kyōto prefecture, Japan)


京田邊

ㄐㄧㄥ ㄊㄧㄢˊ ㄅㄧㄢ

ㄐㄧㄥ ㄊㄧㄢˊ ㄅㄧㄢ

Цзинтяньбянь

/t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵ pi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵ pi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 京田辺 (Kyōtanabe).

(～市) Kyōtanabe (a city in Kyōto prefecture, Japan)


京丹後

/t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ tän⁵⁵ xoʊ̯⁵¹/

/t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ tän⁵⁵ xoʊ̯⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 京丹後 (Kyōtango).

(～市) Kyōtango (a city in Kyōto prefecture, Japan)


南丹

/nän³⁵ tän⁵⁵/

/nän³⁵ tän⁵⁵/

(～縣) Nandan (a county of Hechi, Guangxi autonomous region, China)

(～市) Nantan (a city in Kyōto prefecture, Japan)


岸和田

/ˀän⁵¹ xɤ³⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/ˀän⁵¹ xɤ³⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 岸和田 (Kishiwada).

(～市) Kishiwada (a city in Ōsaka prefecture, Japan)


豐中

/fɤŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵/

/fɤŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 豊中 (Toyonaka).

(～市) Toyonaka (a city in Ōsaka prefecture, Japan)


吹田

/ʈ͡ʂʰu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 吹田 (Suita).

(～市) Suita (a city in Ōsaka prefecture, Japan)


泉大津

ㄑㄩㄢˊ ㄉㄚˋ ㄐㄧㄣ

ㄑㄩㄢˊ ㄉㄚˋ ㄐㄧㄣ

Цюаньдацзинь

/t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn³⁵ tä⁵¹ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn³⁵ tä⁵¹ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 泉大津 (Izumiōtsu).

(～市) Izumiōtsu (a city in Ōsaka prefecture, Japan)


貝塚

/peɪ̯⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/peɪ̯⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 貝塚 (Kaizuka).

(～市) Kaizuka (a city in Ōsaka prefecture, Japan)


茨木

/t͡sʰz̩³⁵ mu⁵¹/

/t͡sʰz̩³⁵ mu⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 茨(いばら)木(き) (Ibaraki).

(～市) Ibaraki (a city in Ōsaka prefecture, Japan)


泉佐野

ㄑㄩㄢˊ ㄗㄨㄛˇ ㄧㄝˇ

ㄑㄩㄢˊ ㄗㄨㄛˇ ㄧㄝˇ

/t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn³⁵ t͡su̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn³⁵ t͡su̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 泉佐野 (Izumisano).

(～市) Izumisano (a city in Ōsaka prefecture, Japan)


富田林

ㄈㄨˋ ㄊㄧㄢˊ ㄌㄧㄣˊ

ㄈㄨˋ ㄊㄧㄢˊ ㄌㄧㄣˊ

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 富田林 (Tondabayashi).

(～市) Tondabayashi (a city in Ōsaka prefecture, Japan)


寢屋川

/t͡ɕʰin²¹⁴⁻²¹ u⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕʰin²¹⁴⁻²¹ u⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 寝屋川 (Neyagawa).

(～市) Neyagawa (a city in Ōsaka prefecture, Japan)


河內長野

ㄏㄜˊ ㄋㄟˋ ㄔㄤˊ ㄧㄝˇ

ㄏㄜˊ ㄋㄟˋ ㄔㄤˊ ㄧㄝˇ

/xɤ³⁵ neɪ̯⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/xɤ³⁵ neɪ̯⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 河内長野 (Kawachinagano).

(～市) Kawachinagano (a city in Ōsaka prefecture, Japan)


大東

/tä⁵¹ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/tä⁵¹ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

; "Daitō"
Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 大東 (Daitō).

(～村) Dadong (a village in Zhashan, Caidian district, Wuhan, Hubei, China)

(～市) Daitō (a city in Ōsaka prefecture, Japan)


箕面

/t͡ɕi⁵⁵ mi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/t͡ɕi⁵⁵ mi̯ɛn⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 箕面 (Minoo).

(～市) Minoh (a city in Ōsaka prefecture, Japan)


羽曳野

/y²¹⁴⁻²¹ jɛ⁵¹ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/y²¹⁴⁻²¹ i⁵¹ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/y²¹⁴⁻²¹ jɛ⁵¹ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/y²¹⁴⁻²¹ i⁵¹ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 羽曳野 (Habikino).

(～市) Habikino (a city in Ōsaka prefecture, Japan)


門真

/mən³⁵ ʈ͡ʂən⁵⁵/

/mən³⁵ ʈ͡ʂən⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 門真 (Kadoma).

(～市) Kadoma (a city in Ōsaka prefecture, Japan)


攝津

/ʂɤ⁵¹ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/

/ʂɤ⁵¹ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 摂津 (Settsu).

(～市) Settsu (a city in Ōsaka prefecture, Japan)


藤井寺

/tʰɤŋ³⁵ t͡ɕiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ sz̩⁵¹/

/tʰɤŋ³⁵ t͡ɕiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ sz̩⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 藤井寺 (Fujiidera).

(～市) Fujiidera (a city in Ōsaka prefecture, Japan)


東大阪

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ tä⁵¹ pän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ tä⁵¹ pän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 東大阪 (Higashiōsaka).

(～市) Higashiōsaka (a city in Ōsaka prefecture, Japan)


泉南

/t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn³⁵ nän³⁵/

/t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn³⁵ nän³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 泉南 (Sennan).

(～市) Sennan (a city in Ōsaka prefecture, Japan)


四條畷

ㄙˋ ㄊㄧㄠˊ ㄓㄨㄟˋ

ㄙˋ ㄊㄧㄠˊ ㄓㄨㄛˊ

/sz̩⁵¹ tʰi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵ ʈ͡ʂu̯eɪ̯⁵¹/

/sz̩⁵¹ tʰi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵ ʈ͡ʂu̯ɔ³⁵/

/sz̩⁵¹ tʰi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵ ʈ͡ʂu̯eɪ̯⁵¹/

/sz̩⁵¹ tʰi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵ ʈ͡ʂu̯ɔ³⁵/

(～市) Shijōnawate (a city in Ōsaka prefecture, Japan)


交野

/t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 交野 (Katano).

(～市) Katano (a city in Ōsaka prefecture, Japan)


大阪狹山

ㄉㄚˋ ㄅㄢˇ ㄒㄧㄚˊ ㄕㄢ

ㄉㄚˋ ㄅㄢˇ ㄒㄧㄚˊ ㄕㄢ

Дабаньсяшань

/tä⁵¹ pän²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi̯ä³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/tä⁵¹ pän²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi̯ä³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 大阪狭山 (Ōsakasayama).

(～市) Ōsakasayama (a city in Ōsaka prefecture, Japan)


阪南

/pän²¹⁴⁻²¹ nän³⁵/

/pän²¹⁴⁻²¹ nän³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 阪南 (Hannan).

(～市) Hannan (a city in Ōsaka prefecture, Japan)


洲本

/ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵ pən²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵ pən²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 洲本 (Sumoto).

(～市) Sumoto (a city in Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan)


蘆屋

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 蘆屋 (Ashiya).

(～市) Ashiya (a city in Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan)


伊丹

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 伊丹 (Itami).

(～市) Itami (a city in Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan)


相生

/ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ ʂɤŋ⁵⁵/

/ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ ʂɤŋ⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 相生 (Aioi).

(～市) Aioi (a city in Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan)


豐岡

/fɤŋ⁵⁵ kɑŋ⁵⁵/

/fɤŋ⁵⁵ kɑŋ⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 豊岡 (Toyooka).

(～市) Toyooka (a city in Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan)


加古川

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 加古川 (Kakogawa).

(～市) Kakogawa (a city in Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan)


龍野

/lʊŋ³⁵ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lʊŋ³⁵ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 龍野 (Tatsuno).

(～市) Tatsuno (a city in Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan)


赤穗

/ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ su̯eɪ̯⁵¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ su̯eɪ̯⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 赤穂 (Akō).

(～市) Akō (a city in Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan)


寶塚

/pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(～市) Takarazuka (a city in Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan)


加西

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ ɕi⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ ɕi⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 加西 (Kasai).

(～市) Kasai (a city in Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan)


篠山

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 篠山 (Sasayama).

(～市) Sasayama (a city in Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan)


南淡路

/nän³⁵ tän⁵¹⁻⁵³ lu⁵¹/

/nän³⁵ tän⁵¹⁻⁵³ lu⁵¹/

Borrowed from Japanese 南あわじ (Minamiawaji).

(～市) Minamiawaji (a city in Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan)


朝來

/ʈ͡ʂɑʊ̯⁵⁵ laɪ̯³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂɑʊ̯⁵⁵ laɪ̯³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 朝来 (Asago).

(～市) Asago (a city in Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan)


宍粟

/ʐoʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ su⁵¹/

/ʐoʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ su⁵¹/

(～市) Shisō (a city in Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan)


大和高田

ㄉㄚˋ ㄏㄜˊ ㄍㄠ ㄊㄧㄢˊ

ㄉㄚˋ ㄏㄜˊ ㄍㄠ ㄊㄧㄢˊ

/tä⁵¹ xɤ³⁵ kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/tä⁵¹ xɤ³⁵ kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 大和高田 (Yamatotakada).

(～市) Yamatotakada (a city in Nara Prefecture, Japan)


大和郡山

ㄉㄚˋ ㄏㄜˊ ㄐㄩㄣˋ ㄕㄢ

ㄉㄚˋ ㄏㄜˊ ㄐㄩㄣˋ ㄕㄢ

Дахэцзюньшань

/tä⁵¹ xɤ³⁵ t͡ɕyn⁵¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

/tä⁵¹ xɤ³⁵ t͡ɕyn⁵¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 大和郡山 (Yamatokōriyama).

(～市) Yamatokōriyama (a city in Nara Prefecture, Japan)


橿原

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 橿原 (Kashihara).

(～市) Kashihara (a city in Nara Prefecture, Japan)


五條

/u²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵/

/u²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 五條 (Gojō).

(～市) Gojō (a city in Nara Prefecture, Japan)


生駒

/ʂɤŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕy⁵⁵/

/ʂɤŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕy⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 生駒 (Ikoma).

(～市) Ikoma (a city in Nara Prefecture, Japan)


香芝

/ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/

/ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 香芝 (Kashiba).

(～市) Kashiba (a city in Nara Prefecture, Japan)


葛城

/kɤ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/kɤ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

(～市) Katsuragi (a city in Nara Prefecture, Japan)

(～街道, formerly ～鎮) Gecheng (a subdistrict of Chengkou, Chongqing, China, formerly a town)


宇陀

/y²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰu̯ɔ³⁵/

/jyː¹³ tʰɔː²¹/

/y²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰu̯ɔ³⁵/

/jyː¹³ tʰɔː²¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 宇陀 (Uda).

(～市) Uda (a city in Nara Prefecture, Japan)


新宮

/ɕin⁵⁵ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

/ɕin⁵⁵ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 新宮 (Shingū).

(～市) Shingū (a city in Wakayama Prefecture, Japan)


田邊

/tʰi̯ɛn³⁵ pi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/tʰi̯ɛn³⁵ pi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 田辺 (Tanabe).

(～市) Tanabe (a city in Wakayama Prefecture, Japan)


御坊

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 御坊 (Gobō).

(～市) Gobō (a city in Wakayama Prefecture, Japan)


紀之川

/t͡ɕi⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕi⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 紀の川 (Kinokawa).

(～市) Kinokawa (a city in Wakayama Prefecture, Japan)


米子

/mi²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/mɐi̯¹³ t͡siː³⁵/

/mi²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/mɐi̯¹³ t͡siː³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 米子 (Yonago).

(～市) Yonago (a city in Tottori Prefecture, Japan)


倉吉

/t͡sʰɑŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi³⁵/

/t͡sʰɑŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 倉吉 (Kurayoshi).

(～市) Kurayoshi (a city in Tottori Prefecture, Japan)


境港

/t͡ɕiŋ⁵¹ kɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡ɕiŋ⁵¹ kɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 境港 (Sakaiminato).

(～市) Sakaiminato (a city in Tottori Prefecture, Japan)


安來

/ˀän⁵⁵ laɪ̯³⁵/

/ˀän⁵⁵ laɪ̯³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 安来 (Yasugi).

(～市) Yasugi (a city in Shimane Prefecture, Japan)


江津

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/

/kɔːŋ⁵⁵ t͡sɵn⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/

/kɔːŋ⁵⁵ t͡sɵn⁵⁵/

(～區) Jiangjin (a district of Chongqing, China)

(～市) Gōtsu (a city in Shimane Prefecture, Japan)


津山

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 津山 (Tsuyama).

(～市) Tsuyama (a city in Okayama Prefecture, Japan)


玉野

/y⁵¹ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/y⁵¹ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 玉野 (Tamano).

(～市) Tamano (a city in Okayama Prefecture, Japan)


笠岡

/li⁵¹ kɑŋ⁵⁵/

/li⁵¹ kɑŋ⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 笠岡 (Kasaoka).

(～市) Kasaoka (a city in Okayama Prefecture, Japan)


總社

/t͡sʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂɤ⁵¹/

/t͡sʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂɤ⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 総社 (Sōja).

(～市) Sōja (a city in Okayama Prefecture, Japan)


新見

/ɕin⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/ɕin⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 新見 (Niimi).

(～市) Niimi (a city in Okayama Prefecture, Japan)


瀨戶內

/laɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ xu⁵¹⁻⁵³ neɪ̯⁵¹/

/laɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ xu⁵¹⁻⁵³ neɪ̯⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 瀬戸内 (Setouchi).

(～市) Setouchi (a city in Okayama Prefecture, Japan)


赤磐

/ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵¹ pʰän³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵¹ pʰän³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 赤磐 (Akaiwa).

(～市) Akaiwa (a city in Okayama Prefecture, Japan)


真庭

/ʈ͡ʂən⁵⁵ tʰiŋ³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂən⁵⁵ tʰiŋ³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 真庭 (Maniwa).

(～市) Maniwa (a city in Okayama Prefecture, Japan)


尾道

/weɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ tɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/weɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ tɑʊ̯⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 尾道 (Onomichi).

(～市) Onomichi (a city in Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan)


三次

/sän⁵⁵ t͡sʰz̩⁵¹/

/saːm⁵⁵ t͡sʰiː³³/

/sän⁵⁵ t͡sʰz̩⁵¹/

/saːm⁵⁵ t͡sʰiː³³/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 三(み)次(よし) (miyoshi).

(～市) Miyoshi (a city in Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan)


庄原

/ʈ͡ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

(～市) Shōbara (a city in Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan)


東廣島

ㄉㄨㄥ ㄍㄨㄤˇ ㄉㄠˇ

ㄉㄨㄥ ㄍㄨㄤˇ ㄉㄠˇ

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ ku̯ɑŋ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ ku̯ɑŋ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 東広島 (Higashihiroshima).

(～市) Higashihiroshima (a city in Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan)


廿日市

/ni̯ɛn⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/ni̯ɛn⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 廿日市 (Hatsukaichi).

(～市) Hatsukaichi (a city in Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan)


安藝高田

ㄢ ㄧˋ ㄍㄠ ㄊㄧㄢˊ

ㄢ ㄧˋ ㄍㄠ ㄊㄧㄢˊ

/ˀän⁵⁵ i⁵¹ kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/ˀän⁵⁵ i⁵¹ kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 安芸高田 (Akitakata).

(～市) Akitakata (a city in Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan)


江田島

ㄐㄧㄤ ㄊㄧㄢˊ ㄉㄠˇ

ㄐㄧㄤ ㄊㄧㄢˊ ㄉㄠˇ

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 江田島 (Etajima).

(～市) Etajima (a city in Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan)


防府

/fɑŋ³⁵ fu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/fɑŋ³⁵ fu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 防府 (Hōfu).

(～市) Hōfu (a city in Yamaguchi Prefecture, Japan)


下松

/ɕi̯ä⁵¹ sʊŋ⁵⁵/

/ɕi̯ä⁵¹ sʊŋ⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 下松 (Kudamatsu).

(～市) Kudamatsu (a city in Yamaguchi Prefecture, Japan)


岩國

/jɛn³⁵ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

/jɛn³⁵ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 岩国 (Iwakuni).

(～市) Iwakuni (a city in Yamaguchi Prefecture, Japan)


柳井

/li̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡ɕiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/li̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡ɕiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 柳井 (Yanai).

(～市) Yanai (a city in Yamaguchi Prefecture, Japan)


山陽小野田

ㄕㄢ ㄧㄤˊ ㄒㄧㄠˇ ㄧㄝˇ ㄊㄧㄢˊ

ㄕㄢ ㄧㄤˊ ㄒㄧㄠˇ ㄧㄝˇ ㄊㄧㄢˊ

Шаньянсяоетянь

/ʂän⁵⁵ jɑŋ³⁵ ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 山陽小野田 (San'yō-Onoda).

(～市) San'yō-Onoda (a city in Yamaguchi Prefecture, Japan)


小松島

ㄒㄧㄠˇ ㄙㄨㄥ ㄉㄠˇ

ㄒㄧㄠˇ ㄙㄨㄥ ㄉㄠˇ

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ sʊŋ⁵⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ sʊŋ⁵⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 小松島 (Komatsushima).

(～市) Komatsushima (a city in Tokushima Prefecture, Japan)


吉野川

/t͡ɕi³⁵ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕi³⁵ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 吉野川 (Yoshinogawa).

(～市) Yoshinogawa (a city in Tokushima Prefecture, Japan)


丸龜

/wän³⁵ ku̯eɪ̯⁵⁵/

/jyːn²¹⁻³⁵ kʷɐi̯⁵⁵/

/wän³⁵ ku̯eɪ̯⁵⁵/

/jyːn²¹⁻³⁵ kʷɐi̯⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 丸亀 (Marugame).

(～市) Marugame (a city in Kagawa Prefecture, Japan)


坂出

/pän²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu⁵⁵/

/pän²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 坂出 (Sakaide).

(～市) Sakaide (a city in Kagawa Prefecture, Japan)


善通寺

/ʂän⁵¹ tʰʊŋ⁵⁵ sz̩⁵¹/

/ʂän⁵¹ tʰʊŋ⁵⁵ sz̩⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 善通寺 (Zentsūji).

(～市) Zentsūji (a city in Kagawa Prefecture, Japan)


觀音寺

/ku̯än⁵⁵ in⁵⁵ sz̩⁵¹/

/ku̯än⁵⁵ in⁵⁵ sz̩⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 観音寺 (Kan'onji).

(～市) Kan'onji (a city in Kagawa Prefecture, Japan)


讚岐

/t͡sän⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/t͡sän⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 讃岐 (Sanuki).

(～市) Sanuki (a city in Kagawa Prefecture, Japan)


東香川

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

Borrowed from Japanese 東かがわ (Higashikagawa).

(～市) Higashikagawa (a city in Kagawa Prefecture, Japan)


三豐

/sän⁵⁵ fɤŋ⁵⁵/

/sän⁵⁵ fɤŋ⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 三豊 (Mitoyo).

(～市) Mitoyo (a city in Kagawa Prefecture, Japan)


今治

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 今治 (Imabari).

(～市) Imabari (a city in Ehime Prefecture, Japan)


宇和島

/y²¹⁴⁻²¹ xɤ³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/y²¹⁴⁻²¹ xɤ³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 宇和島 (Uwajima).

(～市) Uwajima (a city in Ehime Prefecture, Japan)


八幡濱

/pä⁵⁵ fän⁵⁵ pin⁵⁵/

/pä⁵⁵ fän⁵⁵ pin⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 八幡浜 (Yamatahama).

(～市) Yamatahama (a city in Ehime Prefecture, Japan)


新居濱

Синьцзюйбинь

/ɕin⁵⁵ t͡ɕy⁵⁵ pin⁵⁵/

/ɕin⁵⁵ t͡ɕy⁵⁵ pin⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 新居浜 (Niihama).

(～市) Niihama (a city in Ehime Prefecture, Japan)


西條

/ɕi⁵⁵ tʰi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵/

/ɕi⁵⁵ tʰi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 西条 (Saijō).

(～市) Saijō (a city in Ehime Prefecture, Japan)


大洲

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 大洲(おおず) (Ōzu).

ja-r

大洲(おおず) (Ōzu)

/tä⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/taːi̯²² t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/tä⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/taːi̯²² t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

(～市) Ōzu (a city in Ehime Prefecture, Japan)


四國中央

ㄙˋ ㄍㄨㄛˊ ㄓㄨㄥ ㄧㄤ

ㄙˋ ㄍㄨㄛˊ ㄓㄨㄥ ㄧㄤ

/sz̩⁵¹ ku̯ɔ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ jɑŋ⁵⁵/

/sz̩⁵¹ ku̯ɔ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ jɑŋ⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 四国中央 (Shikokuchūō).

obor

(～市) Shikokuchūō (a city in Ehime Prefecture, Japan)


西予

/ɕi⁵⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ɕi⁵⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 西予 (Seiyo).

(～市) Seiyo (a city in Ehime Prefecture, Japan)


東溫

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ wən⁵⁵/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ wɐn⁵⁵/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ wən⁵⁵/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ wɐn⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 東温 (Tōon).

(～市) Tōon (a city in Ehime Prefecture, Japan)


宿毛

/su⁵¹ mɑʊ̯³⁵/

/su⁵¹ mɑʊ̯³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 宿毛 (Sukumo).

(～市) Sukumo (a city in Kōchi Prefecture, Japan)


土佐清水

ㄊㄨˇ ㄗㄨㄛˇ ㄑㄧㄥ ㄕㄨㄟˇ

ㄊㄨˇ ㄗㄨㄛˇ ㄑㄧㄥ ㄕㄨㄟˇ

/tʰu²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡su̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 土佐清水 (Tosashimizu).

(～市) Tosashimizu (a city in Kōchi Prefecture, Japan)


安藝

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 安芸 (Aki).

(～市) Aki (a city in Kōchi Prefecture, Japan)


須崎

/ɕy⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/ɕy⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 須崎 (Susaki).

(～市) Susaki (a city in Kōchi Prefecture, Japan)


室戶

/ʂʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ xu⁵¹/

/ʂʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ xu⁵¹/

/ʂʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ xu⁵¹/

/ʂʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ xu⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 室戸 (Muroto).

(～市) Muroto (a city in Kōchi Prefecture, Japan)


四萬十

/sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ wän⁵¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ wän⁵¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 四万十 (Shimanto).

(～市) Shimanto (a city in Kōchi Prefecture, Japan)


香南

/ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ nän³⁵/

/ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ nän³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 香南 (Kōnan).

(～市) Kōnan (a city in Kōchi Prefecture, Japan)


香美

/ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ meɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ meɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 香美 (Kami).

(～市) Kami (a city in Kōchi Prefecture, Japan)


奧賽

/ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ saɪ̯⁵¹/

/ou̯³³ t͡sʰɔːi̯³³/

/o⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ sai⁴¹/

/o²¹⁻⁵³ sai²¹/

/ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ saɪ̯⁵¹/

/ou̯³³ t͡sʰɔːi̯³³/

/o⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ sai⁴¹/

/o²¹⁻⁵³ sai²¹/

Orsay (a commune of Essonne department, Île-de-France, France)


久留米

ㄐㄧㄡˇ ㄌㄧㄡˊ ㄇㄧˇ

ㄐㄧㄡˇ ㄌㄧㄡˊ ㄇㄧˇ

/t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ li̯oʊ̯³⁵ mi²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ li̯oʊ̯³⁵ mi²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 久留米 (Kurume).

(～市) Kurume (a city in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan)


大牟田

ㄉㄚˋ ㄇㄡˊ ㄊㄧㄢˊ

ㄉㄚˋ ㄇㄡˊ ㄊㄧㄢˊ

/tä⁵¹ moʊ̯³⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/tä⁵¹ moʊ̯³⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 大牟田 (Ōmuta).

(～市) Ōmuta (a city in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan)


直方

/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩³⁵ fɑŋ⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩³⁵ fɑŋ⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 直方 (Noogata).

(～市) Noogata (a city in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan)


八女

/pä⁵⁵ ny²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pä⁵⁵ ny²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 八女 (Yame).

(～市) Yame (a city in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan)


行橋

/ɕiŋ³⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵/

/ɕiŋ³⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 行橋 (Yukuhashi).

(～市) Yukuhashi (a city in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan)


豐前

/fɤŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/fɤŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 豊前 (Buzen).

(～市) Buzen (a city in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan)


小郡

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕyn⁵¹/

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕyn⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 小郡 (Ogoori).

(～市) Ogoori (a city in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan)


大野城

/tä⁵¹ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/tä⁵¹ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 大野城 (Ōnojō).

(～市) Ōnojō (a city in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan)


宗像

/t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵¹/

/t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 宗像 (Munakata).

(～市) Munakata (a city in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan)


太宰府

/tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ t͡saɪ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ fu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʰaːi̯³³ t͡sɔːi̯³⁵ fuː³⁵/

/tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ t͡saɪ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ fu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʰaːi̯³³ t͡sɔːi̯³⁵ fuː³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 太宰府 (Dazaifu).

(～市) Dazaifu (a city in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan)


福津

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 福津 (Fukutsu).

(～市) Fukutsu (a city in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan)


浮羽

/fu³⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/fu³⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese うきは (Ukiha).

(～市) Ukiha (a city in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan)


宮若

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ ʐu̯ɔ⁵¹/

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ ʐu̯ɔ⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 宮若 (Miyawaka).

(～市) Miyawaka (a city in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan)


嘉麻

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ mä³⁵/

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ mä³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 嘉麻 (Kama).

(～市) Kama (a city in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan)


三山

/sän⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/sän⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

(informal) Alternative name for 福州 (Fúzhōu), Fuzhou (a city in Fujian, China)

福州

(～區) Sanshan (a district of Wuhu, Anhui, China)

(～島) Sanshan (an island group in Lake Tai administered as part of Wuxi, Jiangsu, China)


三山

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 三山 (Miyama).

/sän⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/sän⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

(～市) Miyama (a city in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan)


唐津

/tʰɑŋ³⁵ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/

/tʰɑŋ³⁵ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/

(～市) Karatsu (a city in Saga Prefecture, Japan)


伊萬里

/i⁵⁵ wän⁵¹ li²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/i⁵⁵ wän⁵¹ li²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 伊万里 (Imari).

(～市) Imari (a city in Saga Prefecture, Japan)


小城

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 小城(おぎ) (Ogi).

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/siːu̯³⁵ sɪŋ²¹/

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/siːu̯³⁵ sɪŋ²¹/

(～市) Ogi (a city in Saga Prefecture, Japan)


嬉野

/ɕi⁵⁵ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ɕi⁵⁵ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 嬉野 (Ureshino).

(～市) Ureshino (a city in Saga Prefecture, Japan)


諫早

/t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹ t͡sɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹ t͡sɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 諫早 (Isahaya).

(～市) Isahaya (a city in Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan)


平戶

/pʰiŋ³⁵ xu⁵¹/

/pʰiŋ³⁵ xu⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 平戸 (Hirado).

(～市) Hirado (a city in Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan)


壹岐

/i⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/i⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 壱岐 (Iki).

(～市) Iki (a city in Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan)


對馬

/tu̯eɪ̯⁵¹ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tɵy̯³³ maː¹³/

/tu̯eɪ̯⁵¹ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tɵy̯³³ maː¹³/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 対(つし)馬(ま) (Tsushima).
Pulleyblank (1962: part II, p218) proposes that the character 對／对 once ended in -s during the Old Chinese period, and that this is responsible for the usage of 對／对 in the placename.

(～島) Tsushima Island (an island of Tsushima, Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan)

(～市) Tsushima (a city in Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan)


五島

/u²¹⁴⁻³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/u²¹⁴⁻³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 五島 (Gotō).

(～市) Gotō (a city in Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan)


雲仙

/yn³⁵ ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/yn³⁵ ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 雲仙 (Unzen).

(～市) Unzen (a city in Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan)


南島原

/nän³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɥɛn³⁵/

/nän³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɥɛn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 南島原 (Minamishimabara).

(～市) Minamishimabara (a city in Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan)


人吉

/ʐən³⁵ t͡ɕi³⁵/

/ʐən³⁵ t͡ɕi³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 人吉 (Hitoyoshi).

(～市) Hitoyoshi (a city in Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan)


荒尾

/xu̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ weɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/xu̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ weɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 荒尾 (Arao).

(～市) Arao (a city in Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan)


玉名

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 玉名 (Tamana).

(～市) Tamana (a city in Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan)


本渡

/pən²¹⁴⁻²¹ tu⁵¹/

/pən²¹⁴⁻²¹ tu⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 本渡 (Hondo).

(～市) Hondo (a city in Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan)


山鹿

/ʂän⁵⁵ lu⁵¹/

/ʂän⁵⁵ lu⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 山鹿 (Yamaga).

(～市) Yamaga (a city in Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan)


宇土

/y²¹⁴⁻³⁵ tʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/y²¹⁴⁻³⁵ tʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 宇土 (Uto).

(～市) Uto (a city in Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan)


上天草

/ʂɑŋ⁵¹ tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ t͡sʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʂɑŋ⁵¹ tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ t͡sʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 上天草 (Kamiamakusa).

(～市) Kamiamakusa (a city in Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan)


阿蘇

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 阿蘇 (Aso).

(～市) Aso (a city in Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan)


合志

/xɤ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/xɤ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 合志 (Kōshi).

(～市) Kōshi (a city in Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan)


天草

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ t͡sʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ t͡sʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 天草 (Amakusa).

(～市) Amakusa (a city in Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan)


中津

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 中津 (Nakatsu).

(～市) Nakatsu (a city in Ōita Prefecture, Japan)


日田

/ʐ̩⁵¹ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/jɐt̚² tʰiːn²¹/

/ʐ̩⁵¹ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/jɐt̚² tʰiːn²¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 日田 (Hita).

(～市) Hita (a city in Ōita Prefecture, Japan)


臼杵

/t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(～市) Usuki (a city in Ōita Prefecture, Japan)


津久見

ㄐㄧㄣ ㄐㄧㄡˇ ㄐㄧㄢˋ

ㄐㄧㄣ ㄐㄧㄡˇ ㄐㄧㄢˋ

Цзиньцзюцзянь

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 津久見 (Tsukumi).

(～市) Tsukumi (a city in Ōita Prefecture, Japan)


豐後高田

ㄈㄥ ㄏㄡˋ ㄍㄠ ㄊㄧㄢˊ

ㄈㄥ ㄏㄡˋ ㄍㄠ ㄊㄧㄢˊ

Фэнхоугаотянь

/fɤŋ⁵⁵ xoʊ̯⁵¹ kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/fɤŋ⁵⁵ xoʊ̯⁵¹ kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 豊後高田 (Bungotakada).

(～市) Bungotakada (a city in Ōita Prefecture, Japan)


杵築

/ʈ͡ʂʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂu⁵¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂu³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂu⁵¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂu³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 杵築 (Kitsuki).

(～市) Kitsuki (a city in Ōita Prefecture, Japan)


宇佐

/y²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡su̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/y²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡su̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 宇佐 (Usa).

(～市) Usa (a city in Ōita Prefecture, Japan)


延岡

/jɛn³⁵ kɑŋ⁵⁵/

/jɛn³⁵ kɑŋ⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 延岡 (Nobeoka).

(～市) Nobeoka (a city in Miyazaki Prefecture, Japan)


日南

/ʐ̩⁵¹ nän³⁵/

/ʐ̩⁵¹ nän³⁵/

(historical) (～郡) Rinan (an ancient commandery in modern Vietnam)


日南

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 日(にち)南(なん) (Nichinan).

/ʐ̩⁵¹ nän³⁵/

/ʐ̩⁵¹ nän³⁵/

(～市) Nichinan (a city in Miyazaki Prefecture, Japan)

(～町) Nichinan (a town in Tottori Prefecture, Japan)


串間

/ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 串間 (Kushima).

(～市) Kushima (a city in Miyazaki Prefecture, Japan)


蝦野

/ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/haː⁵⁵ jɛː¹³/

/ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/haː⁵⁵ jɛː¹³/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese えびの (Ebino).

(～市) Ebino (a city in Miyazaki Prefecture, Japan)


鹿屋

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 鹿屋 (Kanoya).

(～市) Kanoya (a city in Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan)


枕崎

/ʈ͡ʂən²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂən²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 枕崎 (Makurazaki).

(～市) Makurazaki (a city in Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan)


阿久根

/ˀä⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ kən⁵⁵/

/ˀä⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ kən⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 阿久根 (Akune).

(～市) Akune (a city in Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan)


大口

/tä⁵¹ kʰoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/taːi̯²² hɐu̯³⁵/

/ta⁴⁵ kʰəu⁵³/

/du²² kʰɤ⁴⁴/

/tä⁵¹ kʰoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/taːi̯²² hɐu̯³⁵/

/ta⁴⁵ kʰəu⁵³/

/du²² kʰɤ⁴⁴/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 大口 (Ōkuchi) for the city of Ōkuchi.

(～市) Ōkuchi (a city in Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan)


指宿

/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ su⁵¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ su⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 指宿 (Ibusuki).

(～市) Ibusuki (a city in Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan)


西之表

/ɕi⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ pi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ɕi⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ pi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 西之表 (Nishinoomote).

(～市) Nishinoomote (a city in Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan)


垂水

/ʈ͡ʂʰu̯eɪ̯³⁵ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʈ͡ʂʰu̯eɪ̯³⁵ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 垂水 (Tarumizu).

(～市) Tarumizu (a city in Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan)


薩摩川內

ㄙㄚˋ ㄇㄛˊ ㄔㄨㄢ ㄋㄟˋ

ㄙㄚˋ ㄇㄛˊ ㄔㄨㄢ ㄋㄟˋ

Самочуаньнэй

/sä⁵¹ mu̯ɔ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵ neɪ̯⁵¹/

/sä⁵¹ mu̯ɔ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵ neɪ̯⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 薩摩川内 (Satsumasendai).

(～市) Satsumasendai (a city in Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan)


南薩摩

/nän³⁵ sä⁵¹ mu̯ɔ³⁵/

/nän³⁵ sä⁵¹ mu̯ɔ³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 南薩摩 (Minamisatsuma).

(～市) Minamisatsuma (a city in Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan)


霧島

/u⁵¹ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/u⁵¹ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 霧島 (Kirishima).

(～市) Kirishima (a city in Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan)


市來串木野

ㄕˋ ㄌㄞˊ ㄔㄨㄢˋ ㄇㄨˋ ㄧㄝˇ

ㄕˋ ㄌㄞˊ ㄔㄨㄢˋ ㄇㄨˋ ㄧㄝˇ

Шилайчуаньмуе

/ʂʐ̩⁵¹ laɪ̯³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵¹⁻⁵³ mu⁵¹ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese いちき串木野 (Ichikikushikino).

(～市) Ichikikushikino (a city in Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan)


志布志

/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ pu⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ pu⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 志布志 (Shibushi).

(～市) Shibushi (a city in Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan)


奄美

/jɛn²¹⁴⁻³⁵ meɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/jɛn²¹⁴⁻³⁵ meɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 奄美 (Amami).

(～市) Amami (a city in Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan)


浦添

/pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 浦添 (Urasoe).

(～市) Urasoe (a city in Okinawa Prefecture, Japan)


宜野灣

/i³⁵ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹ wän⁵⁵/

/i³⁵ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹ wän⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 宜野湾 (Ginowan).

(～市) Ginowan (a city in Okinawa Prefecture, Japan)


名護

/mɪŋ²¹ wuː²²/

/mɪŋ²¹ wuː²²/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 名護 (Nago).

(～市) Nago (a city in Okinawa Prefecture, Japan)


絲滿

/sz̩⁵⁵ män²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sz̩⁵⁵ män²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(～市) Itoman (a city in Okinawa Prefecture, Japan)


豐見城

/fɤŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/fɤŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 豊見城 (Tomigusuku).

(～市) Tomigusuku (a city in Okinawa Prefecture, Japan)


宇流麻

/y²¹⁴⁻²¹ li̯oʊ̯³⁵ mä³⁵/

/y²¹⁴⁻²¹ li̯oʊ̯³⁵ mä³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 宇流麻 (Uruma).

(～市) Uruma (a city in Okinawa Prefecture, Japan)


宮古島

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ kuː³⁵ tou̯³⁵/

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ kuː³⁵ tou̯³⁵/

(～市) Miyakojima (a city in Okinawa Prefecture, Japan)


南城

/nän³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/naːm²¹ sɪŋ²¹/

/nän³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/naːm²¹ sɪŋ²¹/

(～縣) Nancheng (a county of Fuzhou, Jiangxi, China)

(～市) Nanjō (a city in Okinawa Prefecture, Japan)

(～街道) Nancheng (a subdistrict of Anlu district, Xiaogan, Hubei, China)

(～街道) Nancheng (a subdistrict of Zaoyang, Xiangyang, Hubei, China)

(～街道) Nancheng (a subdistrict of Dongguan, Guangdong, China)


美禰

/meɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ mi³⁵/

/meɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ mi³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 美祢 (Mine).

(～市) Mine (a city in Yamaguchi Prefecture, Japan)


筑紫野

/ʈ͡ʂu⁵¹ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻³⁵ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʈ͡ʂu³⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻³⁵ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʈ͡ʂu⁵¹ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻³⁵ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʈ͡ʂu³⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻³⁵ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(～市) Chikushino (a city in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan)


豐後大野

ㄈㄥ ㄏㄡˋ ㄉㄚˋ ㄧㄝˇ

ㄈㄥ ㄏㄡˋ ㄉㄚˋ ㄧㄝˇ

/fɤŋ⁵⁵ xoʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ tä⁵¹ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/fɤŋ⁵⁵ xoʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ tä⁵¹ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 豊後大野 (Bungoōno).

(～市) Bungoōno (a city in Ōita Prefecture, Japan)


由布

/joʊ̯³⁵ pu⁵¹/

/joʊ̯³⁵ pu⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 由布 (Yufu).

(～市) Yufu (a city in Ōita Prefecture, Japan)


姬路

/t͡ɕi⁵⁵ lu⁵¹/

/t͡ɕi⁵⁵ lu⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 姫(ひめ)路(じ) (Himeji).

(～市) Himeji (a city in Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan)


巴塞羅那

ㄅㄚ ㄙㄞˋ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄋㄚˋ

ㄅㄚ ㄙㄞˋ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄋㄚˋ

/pä⁵⁵ saɪ̯⁵¹ lu̯ɔ³⁵ nä⁵¹/

/paː⁵⁵ t͡sʰɔːi̯³³ lɔː²¹ naː¹³/

/pä⁵⁵ saɪ̯⁵¹ lu̯ɔ³⁵ nä⁵¹/

/paː⁵⁵ t͡sʰɔːi̯³³ lɔː²¹ naː¹³/

Barcelona (the capital city of Catalonia, Spain; the capital city of Barcelona province)

(～省) Barcelona (a province of Catalonia, Spain; capital: Barcelona)


水牛城

ㄕㄨㄟˇ ㄋㄧㄡˊ ㄔㄥˊ

ㄕㄨㄟˇ ㄋㄧㄡˊ ㄔㄥˊ

/ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ni̯oʊ̯³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/sɵy̯³⁵ ŋɐu̯²¹ sɪŋ²¹/

/t͡sui⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡu²⁴⁻²² siã²⁴/

/t͡sui⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ ɡu²⁴⁻²² siã²⁴/

/t͡sui⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡu¹³⁻²² siã¹³/

/t͡sui⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡu²⁴⁻¹¹ siã²⁴/

/t͡sui⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ɡu²³⁻³³ siã²³/

/ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ni̯oʊ̯³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/sɵy̯³⁵ ŋɐu̯²¹ sɪŋ²¹/

/t͡sui⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡu²⁴⁻²² siã²⁴/

/t͡sui⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ ɡu²⁴⁻²² siã²⁴/

/t͡sui⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡu¹³⁻²² siã¹³/

/t͡sui⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡu²⁴⁻¹¹ siã²⁴/

/t͡sui⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ɡu²³⁻³³ siã²³/

Buffalo (a city in New York, United States)


傑斐遜

ㄐㄧㄝˊ ㄈㄟˇ ㄒㄩㄣˋ

ㄐㄧㄝˊ ㄈㄟˇ ㄒㄩㄣˋ

/t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵ feɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕyn⁵¹/

/t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵ feɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕyn⁵¹/


灕江

/li³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/lei̯²¹ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/li²⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁴⁴/

/li²⁴⁻²² kaŋ³³/

/li¹³⁻²² kaŋ⁴⁴/

/li²⁴⁻¹¹ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/li²³⁻³³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/li³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/lei̯²¹ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/li²⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁴⁴/

/li²⁴⁻²² kaŋ³³/

/li¹³⁻²² kaŋ⁴⁴/

/li²⁴⁻¹¹ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/li²³⁻³³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

Li River (a river in the Guangxi autonomous region)


𨟠

(～鄉) (historical) a township in Wenxi, Shanxi, China. (alternately, '䣤')


鴻福

/xʊŋ³⁵ fu³⁵/

/hɔŋ²⁴⁻²² hɔk̚³²/

/hɔŋ²⁴⁻²² hɔk̚⁵/

/hɔŋ¹³⁻²² hɔk̚³²/

/hɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ hɔk̚³²/

/hɔŋ²³⁻³³ hɔk̚³²/

/xʊŋ³⁵ fu³⁵/

/hɔŋ²⁴⁻²² hɔk̚³²/

/hɔŋ²⁴⁻²² hɔk̚⁵/

/hɔŋ¹³⁻²² hɔk̚³²/

/hɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ hɔk̚³²/

/hɔŋ²³⁻³³ hɔk̚³²/

For pronunciation and definitions of 鴻福 – see 洪福 (“great blessing; good fortune”).
(This term is a variant form of 洪福).

zh-see

(～里) an urban village in Nangang district, Taipei, Taiwan


大曲

/tä⁵¹ t͡ɕʰy²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/taːi̯²² kʰʊk̚⁵/

/tä⁵¹ t͡ɕʰy²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/taːi̯²² kʰʊk̚⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 大(おお)曲(まがり) (Ōmagari).

(～市) Ōmagari (a former city in Akita Prefecture, Japan)


登萊

/tɤŋ⁵⁵ laɪ̯³⁵/

/tɤŋ⁵⁵ laɪ̯³⁵/

From the name of the district's two most important towns under the late Ming, Dengzhou-fu (登州府) and Laizhou-fu (萊州府).

(historical) Denglai, a district overseen by a xunfu (巡撫) during the late Ming dynasty.


大觀

/tä⁵¹ ku̯än⁵⁵/

/tä⁵¹ ku̯än⁵⁵/

(～區) Daguan (a district of Anqing, Anhui, China)


大呂宋

ㄉㄚˋ ㄌㄩˇ ㄙㄨㄥˋ

ㄉㄚˋ ㄌㄩˇ ㄙㄨㄥˋ

/tä⁵¹ ly²¹⁴⁻²¹ sʊŋ⁵¹/

/taːi̯²² lɵy̯¹³ sʊŋ³³/

/tua²²⁻²¹ lu²²⁻²¹ sɔŋ²¹/

/tua³³⁻²¹ lu³³⁻²¹ sɔŋ²¹/

/tua³³⁻¹¹ lu³³⁻¹¹ sɔŋ¹¹/

/tä⁵¹ ly²¹⁴⁻²¹ sʊŋ⁵¹/

/taːi̯²² lɵy̯¹³ sʊŋ³³/

/tua²²⁻²¹ lu²²⁻²¹ sɔŋ²¹/

/tua³³⁻²¹ lu³³⁻²¹ sɔŋ²¹/

/tua³³⁻¹¹ lu³³⁻¹¹ sɔŋ¹¹/

Literally means "Greater Luzon", referring to the Philippines being a colony of the Spanish Empire.

1876 [1852], Wei Yuan, 海國圖志 [Illustrated Treatise on the Maritime Kingdoms], volume 83, 平慶涇固道署, page 5:

When Guangdong Province trades foreign money with other countries, they all use Spanish dollars. Therefore, foreigners all bring Spanish silver dollars to purchase Chinese goods.

Yuè shěng yǔ wàiguó jiāoyì fānyín, jù shì yòng Dàlǚsòng zhī dálà yángqián, gù wàiyí gè dài dálà fānyín, yǐ mǎi Zhōngguó zhī huò.

粵省與外國交易番銀，俱是用大呂宋之達剌洋錢，故外夷各帶達剌番銀，以買中國之貨。

粤省与外国交易番银，俱是用大吕宋之达剌洋钱，故外夷各带达剌番银，以买中国之货。

1853 September 1, “西程述概”, in 遐邇貫珍 [Chinese Serial], volume I, number 2, page 4:

Four days later, we arrived at the British-controlled island of Malta, and six days later, we arrived at Gibraltor, in the southernmost point of Spain.

jyut⁶ sei³ jat⁶, naai⁵ dai² jing¹ suk⁶ dei⁶ mo¹ lei⁶ daa² hoi² dou², zoi³ gwo³ luk⁶ jat⁶, dai² daai⁶ leoi⁵ sung³ naam⁴ gik⁶ zi¹ cek³ baak³ laai¹ dak¹.

越四日，乃抵英屬地摩利打海島，再過六日，抵大呂宋南極之尺伯拉得。

越四日，乃抵英属地摩利打海岛，再过六日，抵大吕宋南极之尺伯拉得。

1856, Richard Quarterman Way, 地球說略, Ningbo: 華花聖經書房, page 87:

Another island is called "Canary", which is under the jurisdiction of Spain.

Yòu yī dǎo míng jiānálì, xì dàlǚsòng suǒ xiá.

又一島名加拿利，係大呂宋所轄。

又一岛名加拿利，系大吕宋所辖。


小呂宋

ㄒㄧㄠˇ ㄌㄩˇ ㄙㄨㄥˋ

ㄒㄧㄠˇ ㄌㄩˇ ㄙㄨㄥˋ

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ly²¹⁴⁻²¹ sʊŋ⁵¹/

/sio⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ li³³⁻²² sɔŋ⁴¹/

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ly²¹⁴⁻²¹ sʊŋ⁵¹/

/sio⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ li³³⁻²² sɔŋ⁴¹/


棠棣

/tʰɑŋ³⁵ ti⁵¹/

/tʰɑŋ³⁵ ti⁵¹/

(～鎮) Tangdi (a town in Anlu, Xiaogan, Hubei, China)


碧仙桃

/pi⁵¹ ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵ tʰɑʊ̯³⁵/

/pɪk̚⁵ siːn⁵⁵ tʰou̯²¹/

/pi⁵¹ ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵ tʰɑʊ̯³⁵/

/pɪk̚⁵ siːn⁵⁵ tʰou̯²¹/

Phono-semantic matching of English Bristol.

psm

(chiefly Cantonese) Bristol (a city, county, and unitary authority in southwest England)


行唐

/ɕiŋ³⁵ tʰɑŋ³⁵/

/ɕiŋ³⁵ tʰɑŋ³⁵/

(～縣) Xingtang (a county of Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China)


華胥

/xu̯ä³⁵ ɕy⁵⁵/

/xu̯ä³⁵ ɕy⁵⁵/

(～鎮) Huaxu (a town in Lantian, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China)


激流島

/t͡ɕi⁵⁵ li̯oʊ̯³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡ɕi⁵⁵ li̯oʊ̯³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Waiheke Island (an island of New Zealand)


扎伊爾

/ʈ͡ʂä³⁵ i⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʈ͡ʂä³⁵ i⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Democratic Republic of the Congo#English

(Mainland China) (historical) Zaire (former name of the Democratic Republic of the Congo: a country in Central Africa; used from 1971–1997)


江淮

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ xu̯aɪ̯³⁵/

/kɔːŋ⁵⁵ waːi̯²¹/

/kɑ̃⁵⁵ ɦua²¹/

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ xu̯aɪ̯³⁵/

/kɔːŋ⁵⁵ waːi̯²¹/

/kɑ̃⁵⁵ ɦua²¹/

Jianghuai (a cultural region of China comprising the land between the Yangtze and Huai, especially encompassing Jiangsu, much of Anhui, and southern Henan)


韃靼斯坦

ㄉㄚˊ ㄉㄚˊ ㄙ ㄊㄢˇ

ㄉㄚˊ ㄉㄚˊ ㄙ ㄊㄢˇ

/tä³⁵ tä³⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ tʰän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tä³⁵ tä³⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ tʰän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(～共和國) Tatarstan (a republic and federal subject of south-central Russia)


塔拉

/tʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹ lä⁵⁵/

/tʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹ lä⁵⁵/


雷州

→ English: Leizhou, Luichow, Luichew

→ Georgian: ლეიჭოუ (leič̣ou)

/leɪ̯³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/lɵy̯²¹ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/le²² t͡sɤ⁴⁴/

/leɪ̯³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/lɵy̯²¹ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/le²² t͡sɤ⁴⁴/

(～市) Leizhou (a county-level city of Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China)


黃大仙

→ English: Wong Tai Sin

ㄏㄨㄤˊ ㄉㄚˋ ㄒㄧㄢ

ㄏㄨㄤˊ ㄉㄚˋ ㄒㄧㄢ

/xu̯ɑŋ³⁵ tä⁵¹ ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/wɔːŋ²¹ taːi̯²² siːn⁵⁵/

/xu̯ɑŋ³⁵ tä⁵¹ ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/wɔːŋ²¹ taːi̯²² siːn⁵⁵/

Wong Tai Sin (an area of the Wong Tai Sin District, Hong Kong)

(～區) Wong Tai Sin District (a district of Hong Kong)


呂底亞

/ly²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ti²¹⁴⁻²¹ jä⁵¹/

/ly²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ti²¹⁴⁻³⁵ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lɵy̯¹³ tɐi̯³⁵ aː³³/

/ly²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ti²¹⁴⁻²¹ jä⁵¹/

/ly²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ti²¹⁴⁻³⁵ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lɵy̯¹³ tɐi̯³⁵ aː³³/

(historical) Lydia (a historical region and ancient kingdom in western Asia Minor, in modern-day Turkey)


博斯普魯斯海峽

ㄅㄛˊ ㄙ ㄆㄨˇ ㄌㄨˇ ㄙ ㄏㄞˇ ㄒㄧㄚˊ

ㄅㄛˊ ㄙ ㄆㄨˇ ㄌㄨˇ ㄙ ㄏㄞˇ ㄒㄧㄚˊ

Босыпулусы Хайся

/pu̯ɔ³⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ pʰu²¹⁴⁻³⁵ lu²¹⁴⁻²¹ sz̩⁵⁵ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi̯ä³⁵/


馬爾馬拉海

ㄇㄚˇ ㄦˇ ㄇㄚˇ ㄌㄚ ㄏㄞˇ

ㄇㄚˇ ㄦˇ ㄇㄚˇ ㄌㄚ ㄏㄞˇ

Маэрмала Хай

/mä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ lä⁵⁵ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


如皋

/ʐu³⁵ kɑʊ̯⁵⁵/

/ʐu³⁵ kɑʊ̯⁵⁵/

(～市) Rugao (a county-level city of Nantong, Jiangsu, China)


滇南

/ti̯ɛn⁵⁵ nän³⁵/

/ti̯ɛn⁵⁵ nän³⁵/

Alternative name for 雲南／云南 (Yúnnán, “Yunnan province”).


梅縣

/meɪ̯³⁵ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/muːi̯²¹ jyːn²²⁻³⁵/

/bue⁵⁵⁻¹¹ kũĩ¹¹/

/me²² ɦyø⁴⁴/

/meɪ̯³⁵ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/muːi̯²¹ jyːn²²⁻³⁵/

/bue⁵⁵⁻¹¹ kũĩ¹¹/

/me²² ɦyø⁴⁴/

Mei County, Meixian (a former county of Guangdong, China)

(～區) Meixian (a district of Meizhou, Guangdong, China)


阿姆

/ˀä⁵⁵ mu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/a²⁴⁻¹¹ me²⁴/

/a⁴⁴⁻³³ m̩⁵³/

/a⁴⁴⁻³³ m̩⁴¹/

/a⁴⁴⁻²² m̩⁴²/

/a⁴⁴⁻²² m̩⁵³/

/a⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ m̩⁵⁵⁴/

/a³³⁻²³ m⁵²/

/ˀä⁵⁵ mu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/a²⁴⁻¹¹ me²⁴/

/a⁴⁴⁻³³ m̩⁵³/

/a⁴⁴⁻³³ m̩⁴¹/

/a⁴⁴⁻²² m̩⁴²/

/a⁴⁴⁻²² m̩⁵³/

/a⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ m̩⁵⁵⁴/

/a³³⁻²³ m⁵²/

(colloquial) short for 阿姆斯特丹 (Āmǔsītèdān, “Amsterdam (a city, the capital city of the Netherlands)”)


設拉子

/ʂɤ⁵¹ lä⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʂɤ⁵¹ lä⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


沙河

/saː⁵⁵ hɔː²¹/

/saː⁵⁵ hɔː²¹⁻³⁵/

/saː⁵⁵ hɔː²¹/

/saː⁵⁵ hɔː²¹⁻³⁵/

(～市) Shahe (a county-level city of Xingtai, Hebei, China)

(～街道) Shahe Subdistrict (various subdistricts in China)

(specifically) Shahe Subdistrict (a subdistrict of Guangzhou)

(～鎮) Shahe Town (various towns in China)

(～鄉) Shahe (a town in Yunmeng, Xiaogan, Hubei, China)

(～鄉) Shahe (a town in Fang, Shiyan, Hubei, China)

Sha River; Sandy River (various rivers in China)


哥林多

/kɤ⁵⁵ lin³⁵ tu̯ɔ⁵⁵/

/kɔː⁵⁵ lɐm²¹ tɔː⁵⁵/

/ko³³⁻²³ lim⁵⁵⁻¹¹ to³³/

/kɤ⁵⁵ lin³⁵ tu̯ɔ⁵⁵/

/kɔː⁵⁵ lɐm²¹ tɔː⁵⁵/

/ko³³⁻²³ lim⁵⁵⁻¹¹ to³³/

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Κόρινθος (Kórinthos).


加拉太

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ lä⁵⁵ tʰaɪ̯⁵¹/

/kaː⁵⁵ laːi̯⁵⁵ tʰaːi̯³³/

/ka²⁴⁻¹¹ la²⁴⁻¹¹ tʰai̯⁵⁵/

/ka⁴⁴⁻³³ liap̚⁴⁻³² tʰai¹¹/

/ka⁴⁴⁻³³ liap̚⁴⁻³² tʰai²¹/

/ka⁴⁴⁻²² liap̚⁴⁻³² tʰai²¹/

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ lä⁵⁵ tʰaɪ̯⁵¹/

/kaː⁵⁵ laːi̯⁵⁵ tʰaːi̯³³/

/ka²⁴⁻¹¹ la²⁴⁻¹¹ tʰai̯⁵⁵/

/ka⁴⁴⁻³³ liap̚⁴⁻³² tʰai¹¹/

/ka⁴⁴⁻³³ liap̚⁴⁻³² tʰai²¹/

/ka⁴⁴⁻²² liap̚⁴⁻³² tʰai²¹/

Galatia (a historical region of ancient Asia Minor, in what is now central Turkey)

Galatia (a former province of the Roman Empire, existing from 25 BC to the late 7th century AD)


以弗所

/i²¹⁴⁻²¹ fu³⁵ su̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/jiː¹³ fɐt̚⁵ sɔː³⁵/

/i³³⁻²¹ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾uʔ²⁴⁻³⁵ su³³/

/i⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hut̚³²⁻⁴ sɔ⁵³/

/i⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ hut̚⁵⁻²⁴ sɔ⁵⁵⁴/

/i⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hut̚³²⁻⁵ sɔ⁵³/

/i⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hut̚³²⁻⁴ sɔ⁵³/

/i⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ hut̚³²⁻⁴ sɔ⁴¹/

/i²¹⁴⁻²¹ fu³⁵ su̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/jiː¹³ fɐt̚⁵ sɔː³⁵/

/i³³⁻²¹ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾uʔ²⁴⁻³⁵ su³³/

/i⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hut̚³²⁻⁴ sɔ⁵³/

/i⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ hut̚⁵⁻²⁴ sɔ⁵⁵⁴/

/i⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hut̚³²⁻⁵ sɔ⁵³/

/i⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hut̚³²⁻⁴ sɔ⁵³/

/i⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ hut̚³²⁻⁴ sɔ⁴¹/

(Protestantism or secular, historical) Ephesus (an ancient Greek city in Anatolia, near Selçuk in modern İzmir Province, Turkey)


歌羅西

/kɤ⁵⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵ ɕi⁵⁵/

/kɔː⁵⁵ lɔː²¹ sɐi̯⁵⁵/

/kɤ⁵⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵ ɕi⁵⁵/

/kɔː⁵⁵ lɔː²¹ sɐi̯⁵⁵/


帖撒羅尼迦

ㄊㄧㄝˇ ㄙㄚ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄋㄧˊ ㄐㄧㄚ

ㄊㄧㄝˇ ㄙㄚ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄋㄧˊ ㄐㄧㄚ

/tʰi̯ɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹ sä⁵⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵ ni³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵/

/tʰiːp̚³ saːt̚³ lɔː²¹ nei̯²¹ kaː⁵⁵/

/tʰi̯ɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹ sä⁵⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵ ni³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵/

/tʰiːp̚³ saːt̚³ lɔː²¹ nei̯²¹ kaː⁵⁵/


布拉馬普特拉河

Bùlāmǎpǔtèlā Hé

ㄅㄨˋ ㄌㄚ ㄇㄚˇ ㄆㄨˇ ㄊㄜˋ ㄌㄚ ㄏㄜˊ

ㄅㄨˋ ㄌㄚ ㄇㄚˇ ㄆㄨˇ ㄊㄜˋ ㄌㄚ ㄏㄜˊ

Буламапутэла Хэ

/pu⁵¹ lä⁵⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰɤ⁵¹ lä⁵⁵ xɤ³⁵/


伊洛瓦底江

ㄧ ㄌㄨㄛˋ ㄨㄚˇ ㄉㄧˇ ㄐㄧㄤ

ㄧ ㄌㄨㄛˋ ㄨㄚˇ ㄉㄧˇ ㄐㄧㄤ

Иловади Цзян

/i⁵⁵ lu̯ɔ⁵¹ wä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ti²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/jiː⁵⁵ lɔːk̚² ŋaː¹³ tɐi̯³⁵ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/jiː⁵⁵ lɔːk̚² ŋaː¹³ tɐi̯³⁵ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/


查亞峰

/ʈ͡ʂʰä³⁵ jä⁵¹ fɤŋ⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰä³⁵ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹ fɤŋ⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰä³⁵ jä⁵¹ fɤŋ⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰä³⁵ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹ fɤŋ⁵⁵/


阿空加瓜山

ㄚ ㄎㄨㄥ ㄐㄧㄚ ㄍㄨㄚ ㄕㄢ

ㄚ ㄎㄨㄥ ㄐㄧㄚ ㄍㄨㄚ ㄕㄢ

Акунцзягуа Шань

/ˀä⁵⁵ kʰʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ ku̯ä⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/ˀä⁵⁵ kʰʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ ku̯ä⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/


厄爾布魯士山

ㄜˋ ㄦˇ ㄅㄨˋ ㄌㄨˇ ㄕˋ ㄕㄢ

ㄜˋ ㄦˇ ㄅㄨˋ ㄌㄨˇ ㄕˋ ㄕㄢ

Ээрбулуши Шань

/ˀɤ⁵¹ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ pu⁵¹ lu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂʐ̩⁵¹ ʂän⁵⁵/


大宛

/tä⁵¹ ɥɛn⁵⁵/

/tä⁵¹ ɥɛn⁵⁵/

Pulleyblank (1966, pp. 22, 27) notices that the "old" suggestion based on the name of Greeks – cf. Ancient Greek Ἴων (Íōn, “Ionian”), Sanskrit यवन (yavana) – had been unsatisfactory, an observation also acknowledged by Yu (1998, p. 68); see references therein. Possible Indo-Iranian origin and cognacy with the Ancient Greek word-forms Τόχαροι (Tókharoi) or Τάχοροι (Tákhoroi) have been suggested; see etymologies thereof.

(historical) Dayuan (an ancient country in Central Asia)


華容

/xu̯ä³⁵ ʐʊŋ³⁵/

/waː²¹ jʊŋ²¹/

/hua⁵⁵⁻¹¹ ioŋ⁵⁵/

/xu̯ä³⁵ ʐʊŋ³⁵/

/waː²¹ jʊŋ²¹/

/hua⁵⁵⁻¹¹ ioŋ⁵⁵/

(～縣) Huarong (a county of Yueyang, Hunan, China)

(～區) Huarong (a district of Ezhou, Hubei, China)

(～鎮) Huarong (a town in Huarong district, Ezhou, Hubei, China)


尼布楚

/ni³⁵ pu⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/nei̯²¹ pou̯³³ t͡sʰɔː³⁵/

/ni³⁵ pu⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/nei̯²¹ pou̯³³ t͡sʰɔː³⁵/

Transliteration of Manchu ᠨᡳᠪᠴᡠ (nibcu), variant of ᠨᡳᠪᠴᠣᠣ (nibcoo). From a local Mongolic or Tungusic language. Compare also Khamnigan Mongol [Term?], Buryat Нэршүү (Neršüü), Mongolian Нэрчүү (Nerčüü); Russian Не́рча f inan (Nérča).

Nerchinsky District
Nerchinsky District#English

Zabaykalsky Krai
Zabaykalsky Krai#English

Nerchinsk (a town, the administrative center of the Nerchinsky District, Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia)

(～河) Nercha River (a river in Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia)


涅爾琴斯克

ㄋㄧㄝˋ ㄦˇ ㄑㄧㄣˊ ㄙ ㄎㄜˋ

ㄋㄧㄝˋ ㄦˇ ㄑㄧㄣˊ ㄙ ㄎㄜˋ

Неэрциньсыкэ

/ni̯ɛ⁵¹ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰin³⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹/

/ni̯ɛ⁵¹ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰin³⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹/

Transliteration of Russian Не́рчинск m inan sg (Nérčinsk).

translit

Nerchinsk (a city, the administrative center of the Nerchinsky District, Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia)


美斯樂

/meɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ sz̩⁵⁵ lɤ⁵¹/

/mei̯¹³ siː⁵⁵ lɔːk̚²/

/meɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ sz̩⁵⁵ lɤ⁵¹/

/mei̯¹³ siː⁵⁵ lɔːk̚²/

Phono-semantic matching of Thai แม่สลอง.

Mae Salong, Santikhiri (a village in Mae Fa Luang district, Chiang Rai Province, Thailand)


邁立開江

ㄇㄞˋ ㄌㄧˋ ㄎㄞ ㄐㄧㄤ

ㄇㄞˋ ㄌㄧˋ ㄎㄞ ㄐㄧㄤ

Майликай Цзян

/maɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹ kʰaɪ̯⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/maɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹ kʰaɪ̯⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/


沿江

/jɛn³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/jɛn³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/jɛn³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

As a Zhejiang village and port area, in reference to its position on the south bank of the Ao (鰲江/鳌江).

(～村) Yanjiang (a village in Zhicheng, Yidu, Yichang, Hubei, China)

(～村) Yanjiang (a former village in Zhejiang, China), now part of Longgang (龍港/龙港)

(～港區) Yanjiang (a former port area in Zhejiang, China), now part of Longgang (龍港/龙港)


瀨戶內海

ㄌㄞˋ ㄏㄨˋ ㄋㄟˋ ㄏㄞˇ

ㄌㄞˋ ㄏㄨˋ ㄋㄟˋ ㄏㄞˇ

Лайху Нэйхай

/laɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ xu⁵¹⁻⁵³ neɪ̯⁵¹ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/laːi̯²² wuː²² nɔːi̯²² hɔːi̯³⁵/

/laːi̯²² wuː²² nɔːi̯²² hɔːi̯³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 瀬戸内海 (Seto Naikai).

obor

the Seto Inland Sea or Inland Sea (a sea that separates the islands of Honshu, Kyushu and Shikoku, Japan)


城關

/ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵ ku̯än⁵⁵/

/sɪŋ²¹ kʷaːn⁵⁵/

/ɬiŋ¹³⁻¹¹ kuaŋ⁵³³/

/ɬiŋ²⁴⁻²¹ kuoŋ⁵⁴⁴/

/siã¹³⁻²² kuan⁴⁴/

/siã²⁴⁻²² kuan³³/

/siã²⁴⁻²² kuan⁴⁴/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵ ku̯än⁵⁵/

/sɪŋ²¹ kʷaːn⁵⁵/

/ɬiŋ¹³⁻¹¹ kuaŋ⁵³³/

/ɬiŋ²⁴⁻²¹ kuoŋ⁵⁴⁴/

/siã¹³⁻²² kuan⁴⁴/

/siã²⁴⁻²² kuan³³/

/siã²⁴⁻²² kuan⁴⁴/

(～區) Chengguan (a district of Lanzhou, Gansu, China)

(～區) Chengguan (a district of Lhasa, Tibet Autonomous Region, China)

(～街道) Chengguan (a subdistrict of Fufeng, Baoji, Shaanxi, China)

(～鎮) Chengguan (a town in Karub district, Chamdo, Tibet Autonomous Region, China)

(～鎮) Chengguan (a town in Yunyang district, Shiyan, Hubei, China)

(～鎮) Chengguan (a town in Yunmeng, Xiaogan, Hubei, China)

(～鎮) Chengguan (a town in Yongchang, Jinchang, Gansu, China)

(～鎮) Chengguan (a town in Dawu, Xiaogan, Hubei, China)

(～鎮) Chengguan (a town in Hong'an, Huanggang, Hubei, China)

(～鎮) Chengguan (a town in Linying, Luohe, Henan, China)

(～鎮) Chengguan (a town in Nanzhang, Xiangyang, Hubei, China)

(～鎮) Chengguan (a town in Baokang, Xiangyang, Hubei, China)

(～鎮) Chengguan (a town in Gucheng, Xiangyang, Hubei, China)

(～鎮) Chengguan (a town in Yunxi, Shiyan, Hubei, China)

(～鎮) Chengguan (a town in Fang, Shiyan, Hubei, China)

(～鎮) Chengguan (a town in Zhushan, Shiyan, Hubei, China)

(～鎮) Chengguan (a town in Zhuxi, Shiyan, Hubei, China)

(～鎮) Chengguan (a town in Luoning, Luoyang, Henan, China)

(～鎮) Chengguan (a town in Huangyuan, Xining, Qinghai, China)

(historical) (～鎮) Chengguan (a town in Pingtan, Fuzhou, Fujian, China, former name of Tancheng)


拜占庭

ㄅㄞˋ ㄓㄢˋ ㄊㄧㄥˊ

ㄅㄞˋ ㄓㄢˋ ㄊㄧㄥˊ

/paɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂän⁵¹ tʰiŋ³⁵/

/paːi̯³³ t͡siːm⁵⁵ tʰɪŋ²¹/

/pai¹¹⁻⁵³ t͡siam¹¹⁻⁵³ tiɪŋ²⁴/

/pai²¹⁻⁴¹ t͡siam²¹⁻⁴¹ tiɪŋ²³/

/paɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂän⁵¹ tʰiŋ³⁵/

/paːi̯³³ t͡siːm⁵⁵ tʰɪŋ²¹/

/pai¹¹⁻⁵³ t͡siam¹¹⁻⁵³ tiɪŋ²⁴/

/pai²¹⁻⁴¹ t͡siam²¹⁻⁴¹ tiɪŋ²³/

(historical) Byzantium (an ancient Greek city situated on the Bosporus in modern Turkey, renamed Constantinople in 330 C.E.; modern Istanbul)


禪林

/ʈ͡ʂʰän³⁵ lin³⁵/

/siɛn²⁴⁻²² lim²⁴/

/siɛn¹³⁻²² lim¹³/

/ʈ͡ʂʰän³⁵ lin³⁵/

/siɛn²⁴⁻²² lim²⁴/

/siɛn¹³⁻²² lim¹³/


大埔

/tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ pu⁵¹/

/tʰai̯⁵⁵ pʰu²⁴/

/tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ pu⁵¹/

/tʰai̯⁵⁵ pʰu²⁴/

/tä⁵¹ pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tua²²⁻²¹ pɔ⁴⁴/

/tua⁴¹⁻²² pɔ³³/

/tua²²⁻²¹ pɔ⁴⁴/

/tua³³⁻¹¹ pɔ⁴⁴/

/tua³³⁻²¹ pɔ⁴⁴/

/tä⁵¹ pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tua²²⁻²¹ pɔ⁴⁴/

/tua⁴¹⁻²² pɔ³³/

/tua²²⁻²¹ pɔ⁴⁴/

/tua³³⁻¹¹ pɔ⁴⁴/

/tua³³⁻²¹ pɔ⁴⁴/

Tai Po (an area of the New Territories, Hong Kong)

(～區) Tai Po District (a district of Hong Kong)

大埔客家話

大埔客家话

(～縣) Dabu (a county of Meizhou, Guangdong, China)


大埔

/tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ pu⁵¹/

/tʰai̯⁵⁵ pʰu²⁴/

/tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ pu⁵¹/

/tʰai̯⁵⁵ pʰu²⁴/

/tä⁵¹ pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tua²²⁻²¹ pɔ⁴⁴/

/tua⁴¹⁻²² pɔ³³/

/tua²²⁻²¹ pɔ⁴⁴/

/tua³³⁻¹¹ pɔ⁴⁴/

/tua³³⁻²¹ pɔ⁴⁴/

/tä⁵¹ pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tua²²⁻²¹ pɔ⁴⁴/

/tua⁴¹⁻²² pɔ³³/

/tua²²⁻²¹ pɔ⁴⁴/

/tua³³⁻¹¹ pɔ⁴⁴/

/tua³³⁻²¹ pɔ⁴⁴/

(～鄉) Dapu (a rural township in Chiayi County, Taiwan)


陝北

→ English: Shaanbei

/ʂän²¹⁴⁻³⁵ peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʂän²¹⁴⁻³⁵ peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

陝北民歌

陕北民歌

Shaanbei, northern Shaanxi (a region of Shaanxi, China)


星子

/ɕiŋ⁵⁵ d͡z̥z̩²/

/ɕin⁵⁵ t͡sz̩⁵³/

/sɪŋ⁵⁵ t͡siː³⁵/

/ɕiaŋ⁴² t͡sz̩²/

/ɕi̯ɔ̃⁴⁴ t͡sz̩³/

/ɕi̯an⁴⁴⁵ t͡sz̩³/

/ɕiŋ⁵⁵ d͡z̥z̩²/

/ɕin⁵⁵ t͡sz̩⁵³/

/sɪŋ⁵⁵ t͡siː³⁵/

/ɕiaŋ⁴² t͡sz̩²/

/ɕi̯ɔ̃⁴⁴ t͡sz̩³/

/ɕi̯an⁴⁴⁵ t͡sz̩³/

/ɕiŋ⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ɕiŋ⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sɪŋ⁵⁵ t͡siː³⁵/

(～縣) (historical) Xingzi (a county of Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China; modern Lushan)

(～鎮) Xingzi (a town in Lianzhou, Qingyuan, Guangdong, China)

(～鎮) Xingzi (a town in Lushan, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China)


加格達奇

ㄐㄧㄚ ㄍㄜˊ ㄉㄚˊ ㄑㄧˊ

ㄐㄧㄚ ㄍㄜˊ ㄉㄚˊ ㄑㄧˊ

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ kɤ³⁵ tä³⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ kɤ³⁵ tä³⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

Borrowed from Oroqen [Term?] (jagdaqi, “place with Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica”).

bor

(～區) Jiagedaqi District (a district of Heilongjiang, China)


正定

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (正定):
* → Korean: 정정(正定) (jeongjeong)

/ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ tiŋ⁵¹/

/t͡sɪŋ³³ tɪŋ²²/

/ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ tiŋ⁵¹/

/t͡sɪŋ³³ tɪŋ²²/

(～縣) Zhengding (a county of Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China)


邆川

/tʰɤŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

/tʰɤŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

Since Mieluopi and Duoluowang lost Tengchuan and Langqiong, they withdrew and were forced to occupy Jian and Gong.

Tang Dynasty, Fan Chuo, Manshu, chapter 4, part 10

Miēluópí, Duóluówàng jì shī Téngchuān, Làngqióng, tuì ér bī duó jiàn, gòng

咩羅皮、鐸羅望既失邆川、浪穹，退而逼奪劍、共

咩罗皮、铎罗望既失邆川、浪穹，退而逼夺剑、共

(historical) Tengchuan (a prefecture in modern-day Eryuan County, Yunnan)


同安

→ English: Tong'an, T’ung-an, Tangua

/tʰʊŋ³⁵ ˀän⁵⁵/

/tʰʊŋ²¹ ɔːn⁵⁵/

/tʰuŋ¹¹ on²⁴/

/tʰuŋ⁵⁵ on⁵³/

/tuŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ^((Ø-))ŋaŋ⁵⁵/

/tɒŋ¹³⁻¹¹ ^((Ø-))ŋaŋ⁵³³/

/tɒŋ²⁴⁻²¹ ^((Ø-))ŋaŋ⁵⁴⁴/

/taŋ²⁴⁻²² uã⁴⁴/

/taŋ²⁴⁻²² uã³³/

/taŋ¹³⁻²² uã⁴⁴/

/taŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ uã⁴⁴/

/taŋ²³⁻³³ uã⁴⁴/

/tʰʊŋ³⁵ ˀän⁵⁵/

/tʰʊŋ²¹ ɔːn⁵⁵/

/tʰuŋ¹¹ on²⁴/

/tʰuŋ⁵⁵ on⁵³/

/tuŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ^((Ø-))ŋaŋ⁵⁵/

/tɒŋ¹³⁻¹¹ ^((Ø-))ŋaŋ⁵³³/

/tɒŋ²⁴⁻²¹ ^((Ø-))ŋaŋ⁵⁴⁴/

/taŋ²⁴⁻²² uã⁴⁴/

/taŋ²⁴⁻²² uã³³/

/taŋ¹³⁻²² uã⁴⁴/

/taŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ uã⁴⁴/

/taŋ²³⁻³³ uã⁴⁴/

(～區) Tong'an (a district of Xiamen, Fujian, China)


樟樹

/ʈ͡ʂɑŋ⁵⁵ ʂu⁵¹/

/t͡sœːŋ⁵⁵ syː²²/

/t͡soŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ su⁵⁵/

/t͡ʃoŋ⁵³ ʃu³³/

/t͡siũ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sʰiu³³/

/t͡sɑ̃³³ zz̩⁴⁴/

/ʈ͡ʂɑŋ⁵⁵ ʂu⁵¹/

/t͡sœːŋ⁵⁵ syː²²/

/t͡soŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ su⁵⁵/

/t͡ʃoŋ⁵³ ʃu³³/

/t͡siũ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sʰiu³³/

/t͡sɑ̃³³ zz̩⁴⁴/

(～市) Zhangshu (a county-level city of Yichun, Jiangxi, China)


民大

(～社區) Minda (a residential community in Guanshan, Hongshan district, Wuhan, Hubei, China)


南開

/nän³⁵ kʰaɪ̯⁵⁵/

/lam²⁴⁻²² kʰai⁴⁴/

/lam²⁴⁻²² kʰai³³/

/lam¹³⁻²² kʰai⁴⁴/

/lam²⁴⁻¹¹ kʰai⁴⁴/

/lam²³⁻³³ kʰai⁴⁴/

/nän³⁵ kʰaɪ̯⁵⁵/

/lam²⁴⁻²² kʰai⁴⁴/

/lam²⁴⁻²² kʰai³³/

/lam¹³⁻²² kʰai⁴⁴/

/lam²⁴⁻¹¹ kʰai⁴⁴/

/lam²³⁻³³ kʰai⁴⁴/

(～區) Nankai (a district of Tianjin, China)

(～大學) Nankai University (a university in Tianjin, China)


北林

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ lin³⁵/

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ lin³⁵/

(～區) Beilin (a district of Suihua, Heilongjiang, China)


地大

/ti⁵¹⁻⁵³ tä⁵¹/

/ti⁵¹⁻⁵³ tä⁵¹/

(～社區) Dida (a residential community in Guanshan, Hongshan district, Wuhan, Hubei, China)


達爾汗

/tä³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ xän⁵¹/

/taːt̚² jiː¹³ hɔːn²²/

/tä³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ xän⁵¹/

/taːt̚² jiː¹³ hɔːn²²/

Borrowed from Mongolian ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ (darqan) / Дархан (Darxan).


剛果（布）

/kɑŋ⁵⁵ ku̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ pu⁵¹/

/kɑŋ⁵⁵ ku̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ pu⁵¹/

Republic of the Congo
Republic of the Congo#English

Congo-Brazzaville (synonym of the Republic of the Congo: a country in Central Africa, the smaller of the two countries named Congo)


剛果（金）

/kɑŋ⁵⁵ ku̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/

/kɑŋ⁵⁵ ku̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/

Congo-Kinshasa (synonym of the Democratic Republic of the Congo: a country in Central Africa, the larger of the two countries named Congo)


民主剛果

ㄇㄧㄣˊ ㄓㄨˇ ㄍㄤ ㄍㄨㄛˇ

ㄇㄧㄣˊ ㄓㄨˇ ㄍㄤ ㄍㄨㄛˇ

Миньчжу Ганго

/min³⁵ ʈ͡ʂu²¹⁴⁻²¹ kɑŋ⁵⁵ ku̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/min³⁵ ʈ͡ʂu²¹⁴⁻²¹ kɑŋ⁵⁵ ku̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Democratic Republic of the Congo#English:_Q974

Democratic Republic of the Congo (a country in Central Africa, the larger of the two countries named Congo)


惠安

/xu̯eɪ̯⁵¹ ˀän⁵⁵/

/wɐi̯²² ɔːn⁵⁵/

/hie²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ aŋ⁵⁵/

/hĩ²¹ ũã⁵⁴⁴/

/hui²²⁻²¹ uã⁴⁴/

/hui⁴¹⁻²² uã³³/

/hui²²⁻²¹ uã⁴⁴/

/hui³³⁻¹¹ uã⁴⁴/

/hui³³⁻²¹ uã⁴⁴/

/xu̯eɪ̯⁵¹ ˀän⁵⁵/

/wɐi̯²² ɔːn⁵⁵/

/hie²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ aŋ⁵⁵/

/hĩ²¹ ũã⁵⁴⁴/

/hui²²⁻²¹ uã⁴⁴/

/hui⁴¹⁻²² uã³³/

/hui²²⁻²¹ uã⁴⁴/

/hui³³⁻¹¹ uã⁴⁴/

/hui³³⁻²¹ uã⁴⁴/

(～縣) Hui'an (a county of Quanzhou, Fujian, China)

Assimilation (phonology)#Anticipatory assimilation to an adjacent segment


晉江

Sino-Xenic (晉江):
* → Vietnamese: Tấn Giang (晉江)

/t͡ɕin⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sɵn³³ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡siŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋouŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sin²¹⁻⁵³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡sin⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ kaŋ³³/

/t͡sin²¹⁻⁵³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡sin¹¹⁻⁵³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡sin²¹⁻⁴¹ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡siŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ kaŋ³³/

/t͡ɕin³³ kɑ̃⁴⁴/

/t͡ɕin⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sɵn³³ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡siŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋouŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sin²¹⁻⁵³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡sin⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ kaŋ³³/

/t͡sin²¹⁻⁵³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡sin¹¹⁻⁵³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡sin²¹⁻⁴¹ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡siŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ kaŋ³³/

/t͡ɕin³³ kɑ̃⁴⁴/

Jin River (a river in southern Fujian, China)

(～市, formerly ～縣) Jinjiang (a county-level city and former county of Quanzhou, Fujian, China)


沙國

/ʂä⁵⁵ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

/saː⁵⁵ kʷɔːk̚³/

/ʂä⁵⁵ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

/saː⁵⁵ kʷɔːk̚³/

沙特阿拉伯 沙特阿拉伯#Chinese

short for 沙特阿拉伯 (Shātè Ālābó, “Saudi Arabia”)


索契

/su̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰi⁵¹/

/sɔːk̚³ kʰɐi̯³³/

/su̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰi⁵¹/

/sɔːk̚³ kʰɐi̯³³/

Sochi (a city in Krasnodar Krai, Russia)


卡利卡特

ㄎㄚˇ ㄌㄧˋ ㄎㄚˇ ㄊㄜˋ

ㄎㄚˇ ㄌㄧˋ ㄎㄚˇ ㄊㄜˋ

/kʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹ li⁵¹ kʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰɤ⁵¹/

/kʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹ li⁵¹ kʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰɤ⁵¹/


帕尼巴特

ㄆㄚˋ ㄋㄧˊ ㄅㄚ ㄊㄜˋ

ㄆㄚˋ ㄋㄧˊ ㄅㄚ ㄊㄜˋ

/pʰä⁵¹ ni³⁵ pä⁵⁵ tʰɤ⁵¹/

/pʰä⁵¹ ni³⁵ pä⁵⁵ tʰɤ⁵¹/


二水

/ˀɤɻ⁵¹ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ˀɤɻ⁵¹ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(～鄉) Ershui, Erhshui (a rural township in Changhua County, Taiwan)


埃塞

/ˀaɪ̯⁵⁵ saɪ̯⁵¹/

/ɔːi̯⁵⁵ t͡sʰɔːi̯³³/

/aːi̯⁵⁵ t͡sʰɔːi̯³³/

/ˀaɪ̯⁵⁵ saɪ̯⁵¹/

/ɔːi̯⁵⁵ t͡sʰɔːi̯³³/

/aːi̯⁵⁵ t͡sʰɔːi̯³³/

埃塞俄比亞 埃塞俄比亞#Chinese

埃塞俄比亚 埃塞俄比亚#Chinese

short for 埃塞俄比亞／埃塞俄比亚 (Āisài'ébǐyà)


北投

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰoʊ̯³⁵/

/pɐk̚⁵ tʰɐu̯²¹/

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰoʊ̯³⁵/

/pɐk̚⁵ tʰɐu̯²¹/

Borrowed from Basay ki-pataw (“witch”), via Hokkien.

(～里) an urban village in Tamsui district, New Taipei City, Taiwan


新莊

/ɕin⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/sɐn⁵⁵ t͡sɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/sin²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡soŋ²⁴/

/sin⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sŋ̍⁴⁴/

/sin³³ t͡sŋ̍³³/

/sin⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sŋ̍⁴⁴/

/sin⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sŋ̍⁴⁴/

/sin⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sŋ̍⁴⁴/

/ɕin⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/sɐn⁵⁵ t͡sɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/sin²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡soŋ²⁴/

/sin⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sŋ̍⁴⁴/

/sin³³ t͡sŋ̍³³/

/sin⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sŋ̍⁴⁴/

/sin⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sŋ̍⁴⁴/

/sin⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sŋ̍⁴⁴/

(～市) Shinjō (a city in Yamagata Prefecture, Japan)

(～區, formerly ～鎮, ～市) Xinzhuang, Hsien-Chung (a district of New Taipei City, Taiwan)

(～鎮) Xinzhuang (a town in Yushu, Changchun, Jilin, China)

(～鎮) Xinzhuang (a town in Feixian, Linyi, Shandong, China)

(～鎮) Xinzhuang (a town in Suyu district, Suqian, Jiangsu, China)

(～鎮) Xinzhuang (a town in Xiaoxian, Suzhou, Anhui, China)

(～鎮) Xinzhuang (a town in Yifeng, Yichun, Jiangxi, China)

(～鎮) Xinzhuang (a town in Ningxian, Qingyang, Gansu, China)

(～鎮) Xinzhuang (a town in Datong, Xining, Qinghai, China)

(～鎮) Xinzhuang (a town in Huining, Baiyin, Gansu, China)

(～鄉) Xinzhuang (a township in Hezheng, Linxia, Gansu, China)


中正

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵¹/

/t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡sɪŋ³³/

/t͡suŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡saŋ⁵⁵/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² t͡siɪŋ²¹/

/tiɔŋ³³ t͡siɪŋ⁴¹/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² t͡siɪŋ²¹/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡siɪŋ¹¹/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡siɪŋ²¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵¹/

/t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡sɪŋ³³/

/t͡suŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡saŋ⁵⁵/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² t͡siɪŋ²¹/

/tiɔŋ³³ t͡siɪŋ⁴¹/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² t͡siɪŋ²¹/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡siɪŋ¹¹/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡siɪŋ²¹/

(～區) Zhongzheng, Jhongjheng (a district of Taipei, Taiwan)

Zhongzheng
w:Zhongzheng District, Keelung

(～區) Zhongzheng (a district of Keelung, Taiwan)

(～里) an urban village in Songshan district, Taipei, Taiwan


鹽田

/jɛn³⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/iam²⁴⁻²² tiɛn²⁴/

/iam²⁴⁻²² tiɛn²⁴/

/iam¹³⁻²² tiɛn¹³/

/iam²⁴⁻¹¹ tiɛn²⁴/

/iam²³⁻³³ tiɛn²³/

/iam⁵⁵⁻¹¹ tʰiaŋ⁵⁵/

/jɛn³⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/iam²⁴⁻²² tiɛn²⁴/

/iam²⁴⁻²² tiɛn²⁴/

/iam¹³⁻²² tiɛn¹³/

/iam²⁴⁻¹¹ tiɛn²⁴/

/iam²³⁻³³ tiɛn²³/

/iam⁵⁵⁻¹¹ tʰiaŋ⁵⁵/

(～區) Yantian (a district of Shenzhen, Guangdong, China)


昌迪加爾

ㄔㄤ ㄉㄧˊ ㄐㄧㄚ ㄦˇ

ㄔㄤ ㄉㄧˊ ㄐㄧㄚ ㄦˇ

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ⁵⁵ ti³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ⁵⁵ ti³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Chandigarh (a city and union territory in northern India, located between Punjab and Haryana; the capital city of Haryana and Punjab)


釣魚翁

/tiːu̯³³ jyː²¹ jʊŋ⁵⁵/

/tiɤ²¹⁻⁴¹ hi²³⁻³³ aŋ⁴⁴/

/tio²¹⁻⁵³ hi²⁴⁻²² aŋ⁴⁴/

/tio²¹⁻⁵³ hi¹³⁻²² aŋ⁴⁴/

/tio¹¹⁻⁵³ hu²⁴⁻¹¹ aŋ⁴⁴/

/tiːu̯³³ jyː²¹ jʊŋ⁵⁵/

/tiɤ²¹⁻⁴¹ hi²³⁻³³ aŋ⁴⁴/

/tio²¹⁻⁵³ hi²⁴⁻²² aŋ⁴⁴/

/tio²¹⁻⁵³ hi¹³⁻²² aŋ⁴⁴/

/tio¹¹⁻⁵³ hu²⁴⁻¹¹ aŋ⁴⁴/

High Junk Peak (a hill in Clear Water Bay, Sai Kung district, Hong Kong)


特倫甘納

ㄊㄜˋ ㄌㄨㄣˊ ㄍㄢ ㄋㄚˋ

ㄊㄜˋ ㄌㄨㄣˊ ㄍㄢ ㄋㄚˋ

Тэлуньганьна

/tʰɤ⁵¹ lu̯ən³⁵ kän⁵⁵ nä⁵¹/

/tɐk̚² lɵn²¹ kɐm⁵⁵ naːp̚²/

/tʰɤ⁵¹ lu̯ən³⁵ kän⁵⁵ nä⁵¹/

/tɐk̚² lɵn²¹ kɐm⁵⁵ naːp̚²/


旁遮普

/pʰɑŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂɤ⁵⁵ pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pʰɔːŋ²¹ t͡sɛː⁵⁵ pʰou̯³⁵/

/pʰɑŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂɤ⁵⁵ pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pʰɔːŋ²¹ t͡sɛː⁵⁵ pʰou̯³⁵/

From Hindi पंजाब (pañjāb) or Urdu پنجاب (Panjāb), from Classical Persian پنجاب (panj-āb, “[Land of] the Five Rivers”).

der

Punjab (a geographical region in South Asia, politically divided between India and Pakistan)


哈里亞納

ㄏㄚ ㄌㄧˇ ㄧㄚˋ ㄋㄚˋ

ㄏㄚ ㄌㄧˇ ㄧㄚˇ ㄋㄚˋ

/xä⁵⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ jä⁵¹⁻⁵³ nä⁵¹/

/xä⁵⁵ li²¹⁴⁻³⁵ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹ nä⁵¹/

/haː⁵⁵ lei̯¹³ aː³³ naːp̚²/

/xä⁵⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ jä⁵¹⁻⁵³ nä⁵¹/

/xä⁵⁵ li²¹⁴⁻³⁵ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹ nä⁵¹/

/haː⁵⁵ lei̯¹³ aː³³ naːp̚²/


拉各斯

/lä⁵⁵ kɤ⁵¹ sz̩⁵⁵/

/lä⁵⁵ kɤ⁵¹ sz̩⁵⁵/


海德拉巴

ㄏㄞˇ ㄉㄜˊ ㄌㄚ ㄅㄚ

ㄏㄞˇ ㄉㄜˊ ㄌㄚ ㄅㄚ

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ tɤ³⁵ lä⁵⁵ pä⁵⁵/

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ tɤ³⁵ lä⁵⁵ pä⁵⁵/

Hyderabad (the capital and largest city of Telangana, India, and de-jure capital of Andhra Pradesh)

Hyderabad (a district of Telangana, India)


馬德拉斯

ㄇㄚˇ ㄉㄜˊ ㄌㄚ ㄙ

ㄇㄚˇ ㄉㄜˊ ㄌㄚ ㄙ

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ tɤ³⁵ lä⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵/

/maː¹³ tɐk̚⁵ laːi̯⁵⁵ siː⁵⁵/

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ tɤ³⁵ lä⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵/

/maː¹³ tɐk̚⁵ laːi̯⁵⁵ siː⁵⁵/


休士頓

/ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ tu̯ən⁵¹/

/jɐu̯⁵⁵ siː²² tɵn²²/

/ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ tu̯ən⁵¹/

/jɐu̯⁵⁵ siː²² tɵn²²/

(chiefly Taiwan) Houston (a large city in Texas, United States)


侯斯頓

/xoʊ̯³⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ tu̯ən⁵¹/

/hɐu̯²¹ siː⁵⁵ tɵn²²/

/xoʊ̯³⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ tu̯ən⁵¹/

/hɐu̯²¹ siː⁵⁵ tɵn²²/

(chiefly Hong Kong) Houston (a large city in Texas, United States)


聖何塞

/ʂɤŋ⁵¹ xɤ³⁵ saɪ̯⁵¹/

/ʂɤŋ⁵¹ xɤ³⁵ saɪ̯⁵⁵/

/sɪŋ³³ hɔː²¹ t͡sʰɔːi̯³³/

/ʂɤŋ⁵¹ xɤ³⁵ saɪ̯⁵¹/

/ʂɤŋ⁵¹ xɤ³⁵ saɪ̯⁵⁵/

/sɪŋ³³ hɔː²¹ t͡sʰɔːi̯³³/

(Mainland China) San José (a city, the capital city of Costa Rica)

(Mainland China) San Jose (a city in California, United States)


奧斯丁

/ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹ sz̩⁵⁵ tiŋ⁵⁵/

/ou̯³³ siː⁵⁵ tɪŋ⁵⁵/

/ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹ sz̩⁵⁵ tiŋ⁵⁵/

/ou̯³³ siː⁵⁵ tɪŋ⁵⁵/

(Taiwan) Austin (a city, the state capital of Texas, United States)


土桑

/tʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ sɑŋ⁵⁵/

/tʰou̯³⁵ sɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/tʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ sɑŋ⁵⁵/

/tʰou̯³⁵ sɔːŋ⁵⁵/

(Taiwan) Tucson (a city in Arizona, United States)


佛雷斯諾

ㄈㄛˊ ㄌㄟˊ ㄙ ㄋㄨㄛˋ

ㄈㄛˊ ㄌㄟˊ ㄙ ㄋㄨㄛˋ

/fu̯ɔ³⁵ leɪ̯³⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ nu̯ɔ⁵¹/

/fu̯ɔ³⁵ leɪ̯³⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ nu̯ɔ⁵¹/

(Taiwan) Fresno (a city in California, United States)


奧蘭多

/ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹ län³⁵ tu̯ɔ⁵⁵/

/ou̯³³ laːn²¹ tɔː⁵⁵/

/ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹ län³⁵ tu̯ɔ⁵⁵/

/ou̯³³ laːn²¹ tɔː⁵⁵/

Orlando (a city in Florida, United States)


波夕

/pu̯ɔ⁵⁵ ɕi⁵⁵/

/pu̯ɔ⁵⁵ ɕi⁵¹/

/pɔː⁵⁵ t͡sɪk̚²/

/pu̯ɔ⁵⁵ ɕi⁵⁵/

/pu̯ɔ⁵⁵ ɕi⁵¹/

/pɔː⁵⁵ t͡sɪk̚²/

(Taiwan) Boise (a city, the state capital of Idaho, United States)


大埠

/tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ pu⁵¹/

/taːi̯²² fɐu̯²²/

/tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ pu⁵¹/

/taːi̯²² fɐu̯²²/

(US) San Francisco (a city in California, United States)

(Bangkok Cantonese) Bangkok (the capital city of Thailand)


二埠

/ˀɤɻ⁵¹⁻⁵³ pu⁵¹/

/jiː²² fɐu̯²²/

/ˀɤɻ⁵¹⁻⁵³ pu⁵¹/

/jiː²² fɐu̯²²/

Such cities were second in importance to the local Chinese community.

(US) Sacramento (a city, the state capital of California, United States)

British Columbia
British Columbia#English

New Westminster (a city in British Columbia, Canada)


阿聯

/ˀä⁵⁵ li̯ɛn³⁵/

/aː³³ lyːn²¹/

/a⁴⁴⁻²² liɛn²⁴/

/a⁴⁴⁻²² liɛn¹³/

/a⁴⁴⁻³³ liɛn²⁴/

/a⁴⁴⁻³³ liɛn²³/

/ˀä⁵⁵ li̯ɛn³⁵/

/aː³³ lyːn²¹/

/a⁴⁴⁻²² liɛn²⁴/

/a⁴⁴⁻²² liɛn¹³/

/a⁴⁴⁻³³ liɛn²⁴/

/a⁴⁴⁻³³ liɛn²³/

Short for 阿拉伯聯合大公國／阿拉伯联合大公国 (Ālābó Liánhé Dàgōngguó).

zh-etym-short

United Arab Emirates
United Arab Emirates


英屬印度洋領地

ㄧㄥ ㄕㄨˇ ㄧㄣˋ ㄉㄨˋ ㄧㄤˊ ㄌㄧㄥˇ ㄉㄧˋ

ㄧㄥ ㄕㄨˇ ㄧㄣˋ ㄉㄨˋ ㄧㄤˊ ㄌㄧㄥˇ ㄉㄧˋ

Иншу Иньдуян Линди

/iŋ⁵⁵ ʂu²¹⁴⁻²¹ in⁵¹⁻⁵³ tu⁵¹ jɑŋ³⁵ liŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ti⁵¹/

/jɪŋ⁵⁵ sʊk̚² jɐn³³ tou̯²² jœːŋ²¹ lɪŋ¹³ tei̯²²/

British Indian Ocean Territory
British Indian Ocean Territory#English

British Indian Ocean Territory (an archipelago and overseas territory of the United Kingdom in the Indian Ocean)


聖多美普林西比

ㄕㄥˋ ㄉㄨㄛ ㄇㄟˇ ㄆㄨˇ ㄌㄧㄣˊ ㄒㄧ ㄅㄧˇ

ㄕㄥˋ ㄉㄨㄛ ㄇㄟˇ ㄆㄨˇ ㄌㄧㄣˊ ㄒㄧ ㄅㄧˇ

Шэндомэй Пулиньсиби

/ʂɤŋ⁵¹ tu̯ɔ⁵⁵ meɪ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ lin³⁵ ɕi⁵⁵ pi²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sɪŋ³³ tɔː⁵⁵ mei̯¹³ pʰou̯³⁵ lɐm²¹ sɐi̯⁵⁵ pei̯³⁵/

São Tomé and Príncipe
São Tomé and Príncipe


加那利群島

ㄐㄧㄚ ㄋㄚˋ ㄌㄧˋ ㄑㄩㄣˊ ㄉㄠˇ

ㄐㄧㄚ ㄋㄚˋ ㄌㄧˋ ㄑㄩㄣˊ ㄉㄠˇ

Цзянали Цюньдао

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ nä⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹ t͡ɕʰyn³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kaː⁵⁵ naː¹³ lei̯²² kʷʰɐn²¹ tou̯³⁵/

/kaː⁵⁵ naː¹³ lei̯²² kʷʰɐn²¹ tou̯³⁵/

Canary Islands
Canary Islands#English:_Q5813

autonomous community
autonomous community

Canary Islands (an archipelago and autonomous community of Spain, off the coast of northwestern Africa, near Morocco)


馬德拉

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ tɤ³⁵ lä⁵⁵/

/maː¹³ tɐk̚⁵ laːi̯⁵⁵/

/mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ la⁴⁴/

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ tɤ³⁵ lä⁵⁵/

/maː¹³ tɐk̚⁵ laːi̯⁵⁵/

/mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ la⁴⁴/

Madeira (an archipelago in the Atlantic Ocean and an autonomous region of Portugal)


喀什噶爾

ㄎㄚ ㄕˊ ㄍㄚˊ ㄦˇ

ㄎㄚˋ ㄕˊ ㄍㄜˊ ㄦˇ

/kʰä⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵ kä³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kʰä⁵¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵ kɤ³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kʰä⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵ kä³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kʰä⁵¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵ kɤ³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Borrowed from Manchu ᡴᠠᠰᡳᡤᠠᡵ (kasigar), from Written Oirat ᡍᠠᠱᡅᡎᠠᠷ (xašiɣar), from Classical Persian کاشغر (Kāšġar).
Compare also Uyghur قەشقەر (qeshqer), Chagatai قاشقار (Qāšqār /Qäšqär/); Classical Tibetan ཁ་ཤི་ཀར (kha shi kar); etc.

2018/08/02, 尼克・霍史達克（Nick Holdstock）, 文革對維吾爾的迫害，讓新疆自治區永遠無法「自治」, The News Lens

Dāng wǒ cānguān Tūhūlǔ Tièmù'ér Hàn — zuìhòu yī wèi Cháhétái Ménggǔ kěhàn, dàlì gǔwǔ Yīsīlánjiào zài gāi dìqū de chuánbò — de shènglíng shí, guǎnlǐ rén gàosù wǒ hóngwèibīng qiángpò cūnmín bǎ zhū zhī yǎng zài shènglíng lǐmiàn, Xīnjiāng dàbùfēn dìqū dōu chūxiàn zhèyàng de xiūrǔ xíngwéi, Kàshígé''ěr yǒu ge nánrén zài yī wèi péngyǒu de háizi chūshì shí lǎngsòng Gǔlánjīng, tā bèipò tú hēiliǎn, qí zài lǘzi shàng yóujiē shìzhòng, bìng názhùzhe yīge shàngmiàn xiězhe “wǒ bùgāi xìn jiù guī” de páizǐ.

當我參觀禿忽魯·帖木兒汗——最後一位察合台蒙古可汗，大力鼓舞伊斯蘭教在該地區的傳播——的聖陵時，管理人告訴我紅衛兵強迫村民把豬隻養在聖陵裡面，新疆大部分地區都出現這樣的羞辱行為，喀什噶爾有個男人在一位朋友的孩子出世時朗誦古蘭經，他被迫塗黑臉、騎在驢子上遊街示眾，並拿著着一個上面寫著「我不該信舊規」的牌子。

当我参观秃忽鲁·帖木儿汗——最后一位察合台蒙古可汗，大力鼓舞伊斯兰教在该地区的传播——的圣陵时，管理人告诉我红卫兵强迫村民把猪只养在圣陵里面，新疆大部分地区都出现这样的羞辱行为，喀什噶尔有个男人在一位朋友的孩子出世时朗诵古兰经，他被迫涂黑脸、骑在驴子上游街示众，并拿著着一个上面写着「我不该信旧规」的牌子。

(historical or poetic) Kashgar (a city in the Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


尉犁

/wɐt̚⁵ lɐi̯²¹/

/wɐt̚⁵ lɐi̯²¹/

First attested in the Book of Han.
The etymology was discussed in detail in the article On the Place Name Yuli and Rouran (《尉犁地名和柔然源流考》) by Li Shuhui (李树辉).
The name Yuli was postulated to have come from Turkic (J)yrægir (“one who is stationed; one who stays”), the name of a Turkic clan, and derived from yræ- (verb form yryk, “to be stationed in”) + -gir (adjectival suffix).
Both (J)yrægir and yryk were said to be recorded in the ancient dictionary Dīwān Lughāt al-Turk, although the exact Arabic-script forms are unknown, perhaps اُرَكِرْ (Üregir), يُرَكِرْ (Yüregir), the 15th clan of the Oghuz.

lang

《尉犁地名和柔然源流考》

《尉犁地名和柔然源流考》

(～縣) Yuli (a county of Bayingolin prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)

(～鎮) Yuli (a town in Yuli, Bayingolin prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


天馬

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʰiːn⁵⁵ maː¹³/

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʰiːn⁵⁵ maː¹³/

(～街道) Tianma (a subdistrict of Changshan, Quzhou, Zhejiang, China)


三藩

Back-formation from 三藩市 (Sānfānshì), understanding 市 (shì) to be the optional morpheme "city" sometimes attached to city names; (at the time of coinage, the full name was 三藩市埠.).

/sän⁵⁵ fän⁵⁵/

/sän⁵⁵ fän³⁵/

/sän⁵⁵ fän⁵⁵/

/sän⁵⁵ fän³⁵/

(chiefly Mainland China) San Francisco (a city in California, United States)


臨川

/lin³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

/lɐm²¹ t͡sʰyːn⁵⁵/

/lin³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

/lɐm²¹ t͡sʰyːn⁵⁵/

(～郡) (historical) Linchuan Commandery (an ancient commandery in modern-day Fuzhou, Jiangxi, China)

(～區, formerly ～縣, ～市) Linchuan District (a district of Fuzhou, Jiangxi, China)


烏爾

/u⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/u⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Tell el-Muqayyar
Tell el-Muqayyar#English

Ur (ancient Sumerian city in Mesopotamia, in modern Iraq; modern Tell el-Muqayyar)


喬巴山

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵ pä⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/kʰiːu̯²¹ paː⁵⁵ saːn⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵ pä⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/kʰiːu̯²¹ paː⁵⁵ saːn⁵⁵/

Borrowed from Mongolian ᠴᠣᠶᠢᠪᠠᠯᠰᠠᠩ (čoyibalsang).

(～市) Choibalsan (the capital city of Dornod Province, Mongolia)


亞喀巴

/jä⁵¹ kʰä⁵⁵ pä⁵⁵/

/jä²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰä⁵⁵ pä⁵⁵/

/aː³³ kʰaːk̚³ paː⁵⁵/

/jä⁵¹ kʰä⁵⁵ pä⁵⁵/

/jä²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰä⁵⁵ pä⁵⁵/

/aː³³ kʰaːk̚³ paː⁵⁵/

Arabic العَقَبة (al-ʕaqaba, literally “the obstacle”).


伊巴丹

/i⁵⁵ pä⁵⁵ tän⁵⁵/

/i⁵⁵ pä⁵⁵ tän⁵⁵/


伊斯法罕

/i⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ fä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ xän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/i⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ fä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ xän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Ultimately derived from Classical Persian اِصْفَهَان (isfahān).

der+

Isfahan (a city in Iran, the seat of Isfahan County's Central District, and the capital of Isfahan Province, the third largest city of Iran; the former capital of Iran, from 1598–1736)


伊斯梅利亞

ㄧ ㄙ ㄇㄟˊ ㄌㄧˋ ㄧㄚˋ

ㄧ ㄙ ㄇㄟˊ ㄌㄧˋ ㄧㄚˇ

/i⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ meɪ̯³⁵ li⁵¹⁻⁵³ jä⁵¹/

/i⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ meɪ̯³⁵ li⁵¹ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/i⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ meɪ̯³⁵ li⁵¹⁻⁵³ jä⁵¹/

/i⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ meɪ̯³⁵ li⁵¹ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


伊洛林

/i⁵⁵ lu̯ɔ⁵¹ lin³⁵/

/i⁵⁵ lu̯ɔ⁵¹ lin³⁵/


伯斯

/pu̯ɔ³⁵ sz̩⁵⁵/

/pu̯ɔ³⁵ sz̩⁵⁵/

Perth and Kinross
Perth and Kinross#English

Perth (a city in Perth and Kinross council area, Scotland, historically in Perthshire)

Western Australia
Western Australia#English

Perth (the state capital of Western Australia)


佛蘭德

/fu̯ɔ³⁵ län³⁵ tɤ³⁵/

/fu̯ɔ³⁵ län³⁵ tɤ³⁵/

administrative region
administrative region

Flanders (a historical region and modern administrative region in the north of Belgium, consisting of the Dutch-speaking area of Belgium)

Flanders (a historical county and cultural region of Western Europe, at its maximum covering most of Belgium, parts of northeast France, and a corner of the Netherlands; in full, County of Flanders)


元謀

/ɥɛn³⁵ moʊ̯³⁵/

/jyːn²¹ mɐu̯²¹/

/ɥɛn³⁵ moʊ̯³⁵/

/jyːn²¹ mɐu̯²¹/

(～縣) Yuanmou (a county of Chuxiong prefecture, Yunnan, China)


凡爾登

/fän³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ tɤŋ⁵⁵/

/fän³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ tɤŋ⁵⁵/


北戴河

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ taɪ̯⁵¹ xɤ³⁵/

/pɐk̚⁵ taːi̯³³ hɔː²¹/

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ taɪ̯⁵¹ xɤ³⁵/

/pɐk̚⁵ taːi̯³³ hɔː²¹/

(～區) Beidaihe (a district of Qinhuangdao, Hebei, China)


北欖

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ län²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ län²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Borrowed from Thai ปากน้ำ (bpàak-náam, “Pak Nam”, mouth of a river; also nickname of Samut Prakan), via Teochew.

bor

(～府) Samut Prakan (a province of Thailand)


北票

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ pʰi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/pɐk̚⁵ pʰiːu̯³³/

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ pʰi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/pɐk̚⁵ pʰiːu̯³³/

(～市) Beipiao (a county-level city of Chaoyang, Liaoning, China)


十三行

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ sän⁵⁵ xɑŋ³⁵/

/sɐp̚² saːm⁵⁵ hɔːŋ²¹⁻³⁵/

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ sän⁵⁵ xɑŋ³⁵/

/sɐp̚² saːm⁵⁵ hɔːŋ²¹⁻³⁵/

(historical) Thirteen Factories (a former neighborhood along the Pearl River in the Xiguan area in Liwan district, Guangzhou, Guangdong, existing from c. 1684 to 1856)


卑爾根

/peɪ̯⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ kən⁵⁵/

/peɪ̯⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ kən⁵⁵/

(～縣) Bergen County (a county in northern New Jersey, United States)


博克拉

/pu̯ɔ³⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹ lä⁵⁵/

/pu̯ɔ³⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹ lä⁵⁵/


原平

/ɥɛn³⁵ pʰiŋ³⁵/

/jyːn²¹ pʰɪŋ²¹/

/ɥɛn³⁵ pʰiŋ³⁵/

/jyːn²¹ pʰɪŋ²¹/

(～市) Yuanping (a county-level city of Xinzhou, Shanxi, China)


士嘉堡

/ʂʐ̩⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/siː²² kaː⁵⁵ pou̯³⁵/

/ʂʐ̩⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/siː²² kaː⁵⁵ pou̯³⁵/

(Cantonese, local) Scarborough (a district of Toronto, Ontario, Canada)


鼎湖

/tiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ xu³⁵/

/tɪŋ³⁵ wuː²¹/

/tiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ xu³⁵/

/tɪŋ³⁵ wuː²¹/

(～區) Dinghu (a district of Zhaoqing, Guangdong, China)


玉成

/y⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/jʊk̚² sɪŋ²¹/

/ɡiɔk̚⁴⁻³² siɪŋ²⁴/

/ɡiɔk̚²⁴⁻² siɪŋ²⁴/

/ɡiɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ siɪŋ¹³/

/ɡiɔk̚⁴⁻³² siɪŋ²⁴/

/ɡiɔk̚⁴⁻³² siɪŋ²³/

/y⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/jʊk̚² sɪŋ²¹/

/ɡiɔk̚⁴⁻³² siɪŋ²⁴/

/ɡiɔk̚²⁴⁻² siɪŋ²⁴/

/ɡiɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ siɪŋ¹³/

/ɡiɔk̚⁴⁻³² siɪŋ²⁴/

/ɡiɔk̚⁴⁻³² siɪŋ²³/

From the essay “Ximing” (《西銘》) by Zhang Zai.

(～里) an urban village in Nangang district, Taipei, Taiwan


愛河

/ˀaɪ̯⁵¹ xɤ³⁵/

/ɔːi̯³³ hɔː²¹/

/ai²¹⁻⁵³ ho²⁴/

/ai⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ ho²⁴/

/ai²¹⁻⁵³ ho¹³/

/ai¹¹⁻⁵³ ho²⁴/

/ai²¹⁻⁴¹ hɤ²³/

/ˀaɪ̯⁵¹ xɤ³⁵/

/ɔːi̯³³ hɔː²¹/

/ai²¹⁻⁵³ ho²⁴/

/ai⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ ho²⁴/

/ai²¹⁻⁵³ ho¹³/

/ai¹¹⁻⁵³ ho²⁴/

/ai²¹⁻⁴¹ hɤ²³/

Ai River (the largest tributary on the right (Chinese) side of the Yalu/Amnok River in southeast Liaoning, China)

Love River (a river in Kaohsiung, Taiwan)


獅子山共和國

ㄕ ㄗˇ ㄕㄢ ㄍㄨㄥˋ ㄏㄜˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ

ㄕ ㄗˇ ㄕㄢ ㄍㄨㄥˋ ㄏㄜˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ

Шицзышань Гунхэго

/ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵ kʊŋ⁵¹ xɤ³⁵ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

/siː⁵⁵ t͡siː³⁵ saːn⁵⁵ kʊŋ²² wɔː²¹ kʷɔːk̚³/


密執安

/mi⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩³⁵ ˀän⁵⁵/

/mi⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩³⁵ ˀän⁵⁵/

(～州) (now less common) Alternative name for 密歇根 (Mìxiēgēn).: Michigan (a state of the United States)


函谷關

Ханьгу Гуань

/xän³⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ ku̯än⁵⁵/

/haːm²¹ kʊk̚⁵ kʷaːn⁵⁵/

/xän³⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ ku̯än⁵⁵/

/haːm²¹ kʊk̚⁵ kʷaːn⁵⁵/


海原

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɥɛn³⁵/

/hɔːi̯³⁵ jyːn²¹/

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɥɛn³⁵/

/hɔːi̯³⁵ jyːn²¹/

(～縣) Haiyuan County (a county of the Ningxia autonomous region, China)


建甌

→ English: Chien-ou, Jian'ou, Kienow

/t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹ ˀoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/kiːn³³ ɐu̯⁵⁵/

/kyoŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ ^((Ø-))ŋɛu⁵⁵/

/kiɛn²¹⁻⁵³ au⁴⁴/

/t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹ ˀoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/kiːn³³ ɐu̯⁵⁵/

/kyoŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ ^((Ø-))ŋɛu⁵⁵/

/kiɛn²¹⁻⁵³ au⁴⁴/

(～市) Jian'ou (a county-level city of Nanping, Fujian, China)


馬拉

/maː¹³ laːi̯⁵⁵/

/maː¹³ laːi̯⁵⁵/

You don't need much to have fun in Malaysia; there are lots of girls and handsome guys in Malaysia, the best is I

2019, 杜汶澤 (Chapman To) and 黃明志 (Namewee), 《走佬去馬拉》 (Pick Me Up to Malaysia)

maa⁵ laai¹ hou² waan⁴⁻² sai² m⁴ do¹, maa⁵ laai¹ do¹ neoi⁵⁻² do¹ seoi³ go¹, zeoi³ zeng³ hai⁶ ngo⁵

馬拉好玩駛唔多 馬拉多女多帥哥 最正係我

马拉好玩驶唔多 马拉多女多帅哥 最正系我

(Cantonese, often attributive) Malaysia (a country in Asia)


伽藍

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (伽藍):
* → Japanese: 伽藍(がらん) (garan)
* → Korean: 가람(伽藍) (garam)
* → Vietnamese: già lam (伽藍)

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛ³⁵ län³⁵/

/kʰɛː²¹ laːm²¹/

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛ³⁵ län³⁵/

/kʰɛː²¹ laːm²¹/

Short for 僧伽藍摩／僧伽蓝摩, from Sanskrit संघाराम (saṃghārāma).

zh-etym-short

Short for 僧伽藍摩／僧伽蓝摩


伊豆半島

ㄧ ㄉㄡˋ ㄅㄢˋ ㄉㄠˇ

ㄧ ㄉㄡˋ ㄅㄢˋ ㄉㄠˇ

Идоу Баньдао

/i⁵⁵ toʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ pän⁵¹ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/jiː⁵⁵ tɐu̯²² puːn³³ tou̯³⁵/

/i⁵⁵ toʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ pän⁵¹ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/jiː⁵⁵ tɐu̯²² puːn³³ tou̯³⁵/


日德蘭半島

ㄖˋ ㄉㄜˊ ㄌㄢˊ ㄅㄢˋ ㄉㄠˇ

ㄖˋ ㄉㄜˊ ㄌㄢˊ ㄅㄢˋ ㄉㄠˇ

Жидэлань Баньдао

/ʐ̩⁵¹ tɤ³⁵ län³⁵ pän⁵¹ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/jɐt̚² tɐk̚⁵ laːn²¹ puːn³³ tou̯³⁵/

/ʐ̩⁵¹ tɤ³⁵ län³⁵ pän⁵¹ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/jɐt̚² tɐk̚⁵ laːn²¹ puːn³³ tou̯³⁵/

Jutland (a cultural region and peninsula in northwestern Europe, consisting of the mainland part of Denmark and Schleswig-Holstein, which is part of Germany)


伯羅奔尼撒

ㄅㄛˊ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄅㄣ ㄋㄧˊ ㄙㄚ

ㄅㄛˊ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄅㄣ ㄋㄧˊ ㄙㄚ

Болобэньниса

/pu̯ɔ³⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵ pən⁵⁵ ni³⁵ sä⁵⁵/

/pu̯ɔ³⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵ pən⁵⁵ ni³⁵ sä⁵⁵/


克里木

/kʰɤ⁵¹ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ mu⁵¹/

/kʰɤ⁵¹ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ mu⁵¹/

(Mainland China) Crimea (a geographic region and peninsula in Eastern Europe, jutting out into the Black Sea; de facto occupied and annexed in 2014 as a republic of Russia, but internationally recognized as an autonomous republic of Ukraine :)


羊八井

/jɑŋ³⁵ pä⁵⁵ t͡ɕiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/jœːŋ²¹ paːt̚³ t͡sɛːŋ³⁵/

/jɑŋ³⁵ pä⁵⁵ t͡ɕiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/jœːŋ²¹ paːt̚³ t͡sɛːŋ³⁵/

(～鎮) Yangbajain (a town in Damxung, Lhasa, Tibet Autonomous Region, China)


走馬

/t͡soʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sɐu̯³⁵ maː¹³/

/t͡sau⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ be⁵⁵⁴/

/t͡sau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ be⁵³/

/t͡sau⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ be⁴¹/

/t͡soʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sɐu̯³⁵ maː¹³/

/t͡sau⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ be⁵⁵⁴/

/t͡sau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ be⁵³/

/t͡sau⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ be⁴¹/

(～鎮) Zouma (a town in Hefeng, Enshi prefecture, Hubei, China)


塞克什白堡

ㄙㄞˋ ㄎㄜˋ ㄕˊ ㄅㄞˊ ㄅㄠˇ

ㄙㄞˋ ㄎㄜˋ ㄕˊ ㄅㄞˊ ㄅㄠˇ

Сайкэши Бай Бао

/saɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ kʰɤ⁵¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵ paɪ̯³⁵ pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Transcription of Hungarian székes + translation of fehér (“white”) and vár (“castle”).


東鄉

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ hœːŋ⁵⁵/

/tɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² hiɔŋ⁴⁴/

/tɔŋ³³ hiɔŋ³³/

/tɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² hiaŋ⁴⁴/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ hœːŋ⁵⁵/

/tɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² hiɔŋ⁴⁴/

/tɔŋ³³ hiɔŋ³³/

/tɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² hiaŋ⁴⁴/

～族自治縣 東鄉族自治縣#Chinese

(～族自治縣) Dongxiang (an autonomous county of Linxia prefecture, Gansu, China)

(～區, formerly ～縣) Dongxiang (a district and former county of Fuzhou, Jiangxi, China)


西嶺

/ɕi⁵⁵ liŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ɕi⁵⁵ liŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Two golden orioles sing amid the willows green;
A flock of white egrets flies into the blue sky.
My window frames the snow-crowned western mountain scene;
My door oft says to eastward-going ships “Goodbye!”.

Tang dynasty, Du Fu (杜甫), 《絕句》 (A Quatrain), translated by Xu Yuanchong

Liǎng ge huánglí míng cuìliǔ, yī háng báilù shàng qīngtiān. Chuāng hán xīlǐng qiānqiū xuě, mén bó dōngwú wànlǐ chuán.

兩個黃鸝鳴翠柳，一行白鷺上青天。窗含西嶺千秋雪，門泊東吳萬里船。

两个黄鹂鸣翠柳，一行白鹭上青天。窗含西岭千秋雪，门泊东吴万里船。

(～雪山) Xiling (a mountain in western Chengdu)


廬陵

(～郡) Luling Commandery (an ancient commandery in modern Jiangxi)

(～縣) Luling County (an ancient county in modern Jiangxi)


四邑

/sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ i⁵¹/

/sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ i⁵¹/

Meronyms: 新會縣 /新会县 (“Sunwui (Xinhui) County”), 新寧縣 /新宁县 (“Sunning (Xinning) County”), 開平縣 /开平县 (“Hoiping (Kaiping) County”), 恩平縣 /恩平县 (“Yanping (Enping) County”)

Meronyms: 新會區 /新会区 (“Xinhui District”), 台山市 (Táishān shì, “Taishan City”), 開平市 /开平市 (Kāipíng shì, “Kaiping City”), 恩平市 (Ēnpíng shì, “Enping City”)

Meronyms: 會邑 /会邑 (Huìyì, “"Wui" County”), 寧邑 /宁邑 (Níngyì, “"Ning" County”), 開邑 /开邑 (Kāiyì, “"Hoi" County”), 恩邑 (Ēnyì, “"Yan" County”)

Siyi, Sze Yup, Four Counties (a region of Jiangmen, Guangdong, China)


奧勒岡

/ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ lɤ⁵¹ kɑŋ⁵⁵/

/ou̯³³ lɐk̚² kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/ou̯³³ laːk̚² kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ lɤ⁵¹ kɑŋ⁵⁵/

/ou̯³³ lɐk̚² kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/ou̯³³ laːk̚² kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

Pacific Northwest
Pacific Northwest#English

(～州) (Taiwan) Oregon (a state in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States)


回教堂

ㄏㄨㄟˊ ㄐㄧㄠˋ ㄊㄤˊ

ㄏㄨㄟˊ ㄐㄧㄠˋ ㄊㄤˊ

/xu̯eɪ̯³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹ tʰɑŋ³⁵/

/wuːi̯²¹ kaːu̯³³ tʰɔːŋ²¹/

/hue²³⁻²¹ kau²¹⁻³³ tŋ̍²³/

/hue²⁴⁻¹¹ kau¹¹⁻⁵³ tŋ̍²⁴/

/hue²³⁻³³ kau²¹⁻⁴¹ tŋ̍²³/

/xu̯eɪ̯³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹ tʰɑŋ³⁵/

/wuːi̯²¹ kaːu̯³³ tʰɔːŋ²¹/

/hue²³⁻²¹ kau²¹⁻³³ tŋ̍²³/

/hue²⁴⁻¹¹ kau¹¹⁻⁵³ tŋ̍²⁴/

/hue²³⁻³³ kau²¹⁻⁴¹ tŋ̍²³/

GT - General Taiwanese (no specific region identified)


賽城

/saɪ̯⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/saɪ̯⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

Phono-semantic matching of Malay Cyberjaya (cf. 賽博／赛博 (sàibó, “cyber-”)) + 城 (chéng, “city; town”).


茂物

/mɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ u⁵¹/

/mɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ u⁵¹/


巴生

/pä⁵⁵ ʂɤŋ⁵⁵/

/paː⁵⁵ saːŋ⁵⁵/

/pa⁵³⁻³⁴ saŋ³³/

/pä⁵⁵ ʂɤŋ⁵⁵/

/paː⁵⁵ saːŋ⁵⁵/

/pa⁵³⁻³⁴ saŋ³³/

Possibly from Malay pasang (“(of tide) to rise”).

(～市) Klang (a town in Selangor, Malaysia)


什切青

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɛ⁵¹ t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵/

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɛ⁵¹ t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵/

West Pomeranian Voivodeship
West Pomeranian Voivodeship#English

Szczecin (the capital and largest city of West Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland)


特克斯

Borrowed from Manchu ᡨᡝᡴᡝᠰ (tekes), from Written Oirat ᡐᡄᡍᡄᠰ (tekes).

tʻê⁴-kʻo⁴-ssŭ¹

/tʰɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ kʰɤ⁵¹ sz̩⁵⁵/

/tʰɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ kʰɤ⁵¹ sz̩⁵⁵/

(～縣) Tekes County (a county of the Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


庫倫

/kʰu⁵¹ lu̯ən³⁵/

/fuː³³ lɵn²¹/

/kʰu⁵¹ lu̯ən³⁵/

/fuː³³ lɵn²¹/

Qing-era transcription of Manchu ᡴᡠᡵᡝᠨ (kuren), which was borrowed from Classical Mongolian ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠨ (küriyen, oblique of ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡ (küriy-e)).

der

oblique of <i class="Mong mention" lang="cmg">ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡ</i> (küriy-e)

(～旗) Hure (a banner in Tongliao, Inner Mongolia autonomous region, China)


班竹

/pän⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂu³⁵/

/pän⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂu³⁵/

(Taiwan) Banjul (the capital of the Gambia)


邁索爾

/maɪ̯⁵¹ su̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/maɪ̯⁵¹ su̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


常青

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵/

/sœːŋ²¹ t͡sʰɪŋ⁵⁵/

/sœːŋ²¹ t͡sʰɛːŋ⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵/

/sœːŋ²¹ t͡sʰɪŋ⁵⁵/

/sœːŋ²¹ t͡sʰɛːŋ⁵⁵/

(～街道) Changqing (a subdistrict of Jianghan district, Wuhan, Hubei, China)


加泰隆尼亞

ㄐㄧㄚ ㄊㄞˋ ㄌㄨㄥˊ ㄋㄧˊ ㄧㄚˋ

ㄐㄧㄚ ㄊㄞˋ ㄌㄨㄥˊ ㄋㄧˊ ㄧㄚˇ

Цзятайлунния

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ lʊŋ³⁵ ni³⁵ jä⁵¹/

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ lʊŋ³⁵ ni³⁵ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kaː⁵⁵ tʰaːi̯³³ lʊŋ²¹ nei̯²¹ aː³³/

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ lʊŋ³⁵ ni³⁵ jä⁵¹/

/kaː⁵⁵ tʰaːi̯³³ lʊŋ²¹ nei̯²¹ aː³³/

(～自治區) (chiefly Taiwan) Catalonia (an autonomous community of Spain; capital: Barcelona)


宿務

/su⁵¹⁻⁵³ u⁵¹/

/sɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ bu⁴¹/

/su⁵¹⁻⁵³ u⁵¹/

/sɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ bu⁴¹/

(～省) Cebu (a province of the Philippines)

(～市, formerly ～埠) Cebu City (a city in Cebu, Philippines)


獨魯萬

/tu³⁵ lu²¹⁴⁻²¹ wän⁵¹/

/tak̚²⁴⁻² lɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ ban⁴¹/

/tu³⁵ lu²¹⁴⁻²¹ wän⁵¹/

/tak̚²⁴⁻² lɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ ban⁴¹/

(～市) Tacloban (a city, the provincial capital of Leyte, Philippines)


奈比多

/naɪ̯⁵¹ pi²¹⁴⁻²¹ tu̯ɔ⁵⁵/

/naɪ̯⁵¹ pi²¹⁴⁻²¹ tu̯ɔ⁵⁵/

Borrowed from Burmese နေပြည်တော် (ne-pranytau).


滿天星

/män²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ɕiŋ⁵⁵/

/muːn¹³ tʰiːn⁵⁵ sɪŋ⁵⁵/

/buan⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tʰiɛn³³ siɪŋ³³/

/buan⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ siɪŋ⁴⁴/

/buan⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² siɪŋ⁴⁴/

/buan⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ siɪŋ⁴⁴/

/muã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tʰĩ⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sʰĩ⁴⁴/

/muã⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tʰĩ³³ t͡sʰĩ³³/

/muã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tʰĩ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sʰĩ⁴⁴/

/muã⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tʰĩ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sʰẽ⁴⁴/

/muã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tʰĩ⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sʰɛ̃⁴⁴/

/män²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ɕiŋ⁵⁵/

/muːn¹³ tʰiːn⁵⁵ sɪŋ⁵⁵/

/buan⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tʰiɛn³³ siɪŋ³³/

/buan⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ siɪŋ⁴⁴/

/buan⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² siɪŋ⁴⁴/

/buan⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ siɪŋ⁴⁴/

/muã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tʰĩ⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sʰĩ⁴⁴/

/muã⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tʰĩ³³ t͡sʰĩ³³/

/muã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tʰĩ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sʰĩ⁴⁴/

/muã⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tʰĩ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sʰẽ⁴⁴/

/muã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tʰĩ⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sʰɛ̃⁴⁴/

(～村) Mantianxing (a village in Yonglong, Jingshan, Jingmen, Hubei, China)


長庚

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ kɤŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰœːŋ²¹ kɐŋ⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ kɤŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰœːŋ²¹ kɐŋ⁵⁵/

(～里) an urban village in Tamsui district, New Taipei City, Taiwan


厄弗所

/ˀɤ⁵¹ fu³⁵ su̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ɐk̚⁵ fɐt̚⁵ sɔː³⁵/

/ˀɤ⁵¹ fu³⁵ su̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ɐk̚⁵ fɐt̚⁵ sɔː³⁵/

(Catholicism) Ephesus (ancient Greek city in modern İzmir Province, Turkey)


哥羅森

/kɤ⁵⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵ sən⁵⁵/

/kɔː⁵⁵ lɔː²¹ sɐm⁵⁵/

/kɤ⁵⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵ sən⁵⁵/

/kɔː⁵⁵ lɔː²¹ sɐm⁵⁵/


迦拉達

迦拉達 {tlb|zh|Catholicism}} (canonical)
迦拉达
加拉達

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ lä⁵⁵ tä³⁵/

/kaː⁵⁵ laːi̯⁵⁵ taːt̚²/

/ka⁴⁴⁻³³ liap̚⁴⁻³² tat̚⁴/

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ lä⁵⁵ tä³⁵/

/kaː⁵⁵ laːi̯⁵⁵ taːt̚²/

/ka⁴⁴⁻³³ liap̚⁴⁻³² tat̚⁴/

Galatia (a historical region of ancient Asia Minor, in what is now central Turkey)

Galatia (a former province of the Roman Empire, existing from 25 BC to the late 7th century AD)


得撒洛尼

ㄉㄜˊ ㄙㄚ ㄌㄨㄛˋ ㄋㄧˊ

ㄉㄜˊ ㄙㄚ ㄌㄨㄛˋ ㄋㄧˊ

/tɤ³⁵ sä⁵⁵ lu̯ɔ⁵¹ ni³⁵/

/tɐk̚⁵ saːt̚³ lɔːk̚³ nei̯²¹/

/tɤ³⁵ sä⁵⁵ lu̯ɔ⁵¹ ni³⁵/

/tɐk̚⁵ saːt̚³ lɔːk̚³ nei̯²¹/


格林多

ㄍㄜˊ ㄌㄧㄣˊ ㄉㄨㄛ

ㄍㄜˊ ㄌㄧㄣˊ ㄉㄨㄛ

/kɤ³⁵ lin³⁵ tu̯ɔ⁵⁵/

/kaːk̚³ lɐm²¹ tɔː⁵⁵/

/kɤ³⁵ lin³⁵ tu̯ɔ⁵⁵/

/kaːk̚³ lɐm²¹ tɔː⁵⁵/


科林斯

/kʰɤ⁵⁵ lin³⁵ sz̩⁵⁵/

/fɔː⁵⁵ lɐm²¹ siː⁵⁵/

/kʰɤ⁵⁵ lin³⁵ sz̩⁵⁵/

/fɔː⁵⁵ lɐm²¹ siː⁵⁵/


加利利

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ li⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹/

/ka⁵⁵⁻²¹ l̃i²¹³⁻⁵³ l̃ɛi²¹³/

/ka⁴⁴⁻²² li²²⁻²¹ li²²/

/ka³³ li⁴¹⁻²² li⁴¹/

/ka⁴⁴⁻²² li²²⁻²¹ li²²/

/ka⁴⁴⁻³³ li³³⁻¹¹ li³³/

/ka⁴⁴⁻³³ li³³⁻²¹ li³³/

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ li⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹/

/ka⁵⁵⁻²¹ l̃i²¹³⁻⁵³ l̃ɛi²¹³/

/ka⁴⁴⁻²² li²²⁻²¹ li²²/

/ka³³ li⁴¹⁻²² li⁴¹/

/ka⁴⁴⁻²² li²²⁻²¹ li²²/

/ka⁴⁴⁻³³ li³³⁻¹¹ li³³/

/ka⁴⁴⁻³³ li³³⁻²¹ li³³/

(Protestantism or secular) Galilee (a mountainous geographic region in northern Israel)


加里肋亞

ㄐㄧㄚ ㄌㄧˇ ㄌㄟˋ ㄧㄚˋ

ㄐㄧㄚ ㄌㄧˇ ㄌㄜˋ ㄧㄚˋ

ㄐㄧㄚ ㄌㄧˇ ㄌㄟˋ ㄧㄚˇ

ㄐㄧㄚ ㄌㄧˇ ㄌㄜˋ ㄧㄚˇ

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ leɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ jä⁵¹/

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ lɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ jä⁵¹/

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ leɪ̯⁵¹ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ lɤ⁵¹ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kaː⁵⁵ lei̯¹³ lɐk̚² aː³³/

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ leɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ jä⁵¹/

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ lɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ jä⁵¹/

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ leɪ̯⁵¹ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ lɤ⁵¹ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kaː⁵⁵ lei̯¹³ lɐk̚² aː³³/

(Catholicism) Galilee (a mountainous geographic region in northern Israel)


拿撒勒

/nä³⁵ sä²¹⁴⁻²¹ lɤ⁵¹/

/nä³⁵ sä⁵⁵ lɤ⁵¹/

/naː²¹ saːt̚³ lɐk̚²/

/na⁴² sa²⁴ lɛ⁴²/

/nˡa³³⁻²¹ saʔ²⁴⁻²¹ l̃ɛiʔ⁵/

/na¹³⁻¹¹ ɬaʔ²¹⁻⁴² lɛʔ²¹/

/na²⁴⁻²¹ ɬaʔ²⁻⁴ lɛʔ²/

/nã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sat̚³²⁻⁴ liɪk̚⁴/

/nã⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ sat̚³²⁻⁴ liɪk̚⁴/

/na⁵²⁻³⁵ sak̚²⁻⁴ lek̚⁴/

/nä³⁵ sä²¹⁴⁻²¹ lɤ⁵¹/

/nä³⁵ sä⁵⁵ lɤ⁵¹/

/naː²¹ saːt̚³ lɐk̚²/

/na⁴² sa²⁴ lɛ⁴²/

/nˡa³³⁻²¹ saʔ²⁴⁻²¹ l̃ɛiʔ⁵/

/na¹³⁻¹¹ ɬaʔ²¹⁻⁴² lɛʔ²¹/

/na²⁴⁻²¹ ɬaʔ²⁻⁴ lɛʔ²/

/nã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sat̚³²⁻⁴ liɪk̚⁴/

/nã⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ sat̚³²⁻⁴ liɪk̚⁴/

/na⁵²⁻³⁵ sak̚²⁻⁴ lek̚⁴/

(Protestantism) Nazareth (a city in Israel)


雅克薩

/jä²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ sä⁵¹/

/jä²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ sä⁵¹/

(historical) Yagsi, Albazin (a village in Skovorodinsky district, Amur Oblast, Russia; the first Russian settlement on the Amur River)


浩罕

/xɑʊ̯⁵¹ xän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/xɑʊ̯⁵¹ xän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(～鄉) Qoghan, Haohan (a township in Kashgar, Kashgar prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


費爾干納

ㄈㄟˋ ㄦˇ ㄍㄢ ㄋㄚˋ

ㄈㄟˋ ㄦˇ ㄍㄢ ㄋㄚˋ

/feɪ̯⁵¹ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ kän⁵⁵ nä⁵¹/

/fɐi̯³³ jiː¹³ kɔːn⁵⁵ naːp̚²/

/feɪ̯⁵¹ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ kän⁵⁵ nä⁵¹/

/fɐi̯³³ jiː¹³ kɔːn⁵⁵ naːp̚²/


歸化

/ku̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹/

/kʷɐi̯⁵⁵ faː³³/

/ku̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹/

/kʷɐi̯⁵⁵ faː³³/

(～城) Guihua (one of the two towns that merged to form Guisui, or modern Hohhot in Inner Mongolia autonomous region)


焉耆

/jɛn⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/jɛn⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

Possibly from Proto-Tocharian *Ārke-, name of the historical capital city of the Agneans, which gave rise to the endonym in Tocharian A Ārśi (Adams, 2013; see also Ji, 1998v4). First attested in the Book of Han. In Sanskrit sources, the city's name is conflated with अग्नि (agni, “fire”), which was likely unrelated.

～回族自治縣 焉耆回族自治縣#Chinese

Yanqi Hui Autonomous County
w:Yanqi Hui Autonomous County

(～回族自治縣, ～縣) Yanqi Hui Autonomous County (a county of the Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


南詔

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (南詔):
* → Japanese: 南(なん)詔(しょう) (Nanshō)
* → Korean: 남조(南詔) (Namjo)
* → Vietnamese: Nam Chiếu (南詔)

desc

→ Shan: လၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ (lâ̰an tsāo)

→ Shan: လၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ (lâ̰an tsāo)

/nän³⁵ ʈ͡ʂɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/nän³⁵ ʈ͡ʂɑʊ̯⁵¹/

(historical) Nanzhao (a kingdom that flourished in present-day Yunnan, China, between 739 and 902 CE)

(～鎮) Nanzhao (a town in Zhao'an, Zhangzhou, Fujian, China)

(～鎮) Nanzhao (a town in Weishan, Dali prefecture, Yunnan, China)


吉貝

/t͡ɕi³⁵ peɪ̯⁵¹/

/kɐt̚⁵ puːi̯³³/

/t͡ɕi³⁵ peɪ̯⁵¹/

/kɐt̚⁵ puːi̯³³/

(～村) Jibei (a rural village in Baisha, Penghu County, Taiwan)


圍場

/weɪ̯³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/weɪ̯³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵/

/wɐi̯²¹ t͡sʰœːŋ²¹/

/weɪ̯³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/weɪ̯³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵/

/wɐi̯²¹ t͡sʰœːŋ²¹/

～滿族蒙古族自治縣 圍場滿族蒙古族自治縣#Chinese

(～滿族蒙古族自治縣) Weichang (a Manchu and Mongol autonomous county of the prefecture-level city of Chengde, Hebei, China)


麻豆

/mä³⁵ toʊ̯⁵¹/

/maː²¹ tɐu̯²²/

/muã²³⁻³³ tau³³/

/muã²⁴⁻¹¹ tau³³/

/mä³⁵ toʊ̯⁵¹/

/maː²¹ tɐu̯²²/

/muã²³⁻³³ tau³³/

/muã²⁴⁻¹¹ tau³³/

(～區) Madou (a district of Tainan, Taiwan)


法蘭

/fä²¹⁴⁻²¹ län³⁵/

/faːt̚³ laːn²¹⁻⁵⁵/

/fä²¹⁴⁻²¹ län³⁵/

/faːt̚³ laːn²¹⁻⁵⁵/

(colloquial) short for 法蘭克福／法兰克福 (Fǎlánkèfú, “Frankfurt, Frankfurt-am-Main (the largest city in Hesse, in central Germany)”)


摩卡

/mu̯ɔ³⁵ kʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/mɔː⁵⁵ kʰaː⁵⁵/

/mu̯ɔ³⁵ kʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/mɔː⁵⁵ kʰaː⁵⁵/


杜尚貝

/tu⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂɑŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ peɪ̯⁵¹/

/tou̯²² sœːŋ²² puːi̯³³/

/tu⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂɑŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ peɪ̯⁵¹/

/tou̯²² sœːŋ²² puːi̯³³/

(Taiwan) Dushanbe (a city, the capital city of Tajikistan)


土坑

/tʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰɤŋ⁵⁵/

/tʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰɤŋ⁵⁵/

(～村) Tukeng (a village in Mawan, Tianmen, Hubei, China)


互助土族自治縣

ㄏㄨˋ ㄓㄨˋ ㄊㄨˇ ㄗㄨˊ ㄗˋ ㄓˋ ㄒㄧㄢˋ

ㄏㄨˋ ㄓㄨˋ ㄊㄨˇ ㄗㄨˊ ㄗˋ ㄓˋ ㄒㄧㄢˋ

Хучжу Туцзу Цзычжисянь

/xu⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂu⁵¹ tʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡su³⁵ t͡sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/wuː²² t͡sɔː²² tʰou̯³⁵ t͡sʊk̚² t͡siː²² t͡siː²² jyːn²²/


薩伊

Democratic Republic of the Congo#English

(Taiwan) (historical) Zaire (former name of the Democratic Republic of the Congo: a country in Central Africa; used from 1971–1997)


汕埠

/ʂän⁵¹⁻⁵³ pu⁵¹/

/ʂän⁵¹⁻⁵³ pu⁵¹/

(Taiwan) San Pedro Sula (a city in Honduras)


焉耆回族自治縣

ㄧㄢ ㄑㄧˊ ㄏㄨㄟˊ ㄗㄨˊ ㄗˋ ㄓˋ ㄒㄧㄢˋ

ㄧㄢ ㄑㄧˊ ㄏㄨㄟˊ ㄗㄨˊ ㄗˋ ㄓˋ ㄒㄧㄢˋ

Яньци Хуэйцзу Цзычжисянь

/jɛn⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵ xu̯eɪ̯³⁵ t͡su³⁵ t͡sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/jiːn⁵⁵ kʰei̯²¹ wuːi̯²¹ t͡sʊk̚² t͡siː²² t͡siː²² jyːn²²/


圍場滿族蒙古族自治縣

ㄨㄟˊ ㄔㄤˇ ㄇㄢˇ ㄗㄨˊ ㄇㄥˊ ㄍㄨˇ ㄗㄨˊ ㄗˋ ㄓˋ ㄒㄧㄢˋ

ㄨㄟˊ ㄔㄤˊ ㄇㄢˇ ㄗㄨˊ ㄇㄥˊ ㄍㄨˇ ㄗㄨˊ ㄗˋ ㄓˋ ㄒㄧㄢˋ

wai⁴ coeng⁴ mun⁵ zuk⁶ mung⁴ gu² zuk⁶ zi⁶ zi⁶ jyun⁶

Wéichǎng Mǎnzú Ménggǔzú Zìzhìxiàn [Phonetic:wéichángmǎnzúménggǔzúzìzhìxiàn]

Wei²-chʻang³ Man³-tsu² Mêng²-ku³-tsu² Tzŭ⁴-chih⁴-hsien⁴

Wéi-chǎng Mǎn-dzú Méng-gǔ-dzú Dz̀-jr̀-syàn

Weichaang Maantzwu Mengguutzwu Tzyhjyhshiann

Вэйчан Маньцзу Мэнгуцзу Цзычжисянь

/weɪ̯³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ män²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡su³⁵ mɤŋ³⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡su³⁵ t͡sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

Wei²-chʻang² Man³-tsu² Mêng²-ku³-tsu² Tzŭ⁴-chih⁴-hsien⁴

Wéi-cháng Mǎn-dzú Méng-gǔ-dzú Dz̀-jr̀-syàn

Weicharng Maantzwu Mengguutzwu Tzyhjyhshiann

/weɪ̯³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ män²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡su³⁵ mɤŋ³⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡su³⁵ t͡sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

wàih chèuhng múhn juhk mùhng gú juhk jih jih yuhn

wai⁴ tsoeng⁴ mun⁵ dzuk⁹ mung⁴ gu² dzuk⁹ dzi⁶ dzi⁶ jyn⁶

wei⁴ cêng⁴ mun⁵ zug⁶ mung⁴ gu² zug⁶ ji⁶ ji⁶ yun⁶

/wɐi̯²¹ t͡sʰœːŋ²¹ muːn¹³ t͡sʊk̚² mʊŋ²¹ kuː³⁵ t͡sʊk̚² t͡siː²² t͡siː²² jyːn²²/

w:Weichang Manchu and Mongol Autonomous County

Weichang Manchu and Mongol Autonomous County (an autonomous county of Chengde, Hebei, China)


臭港

/ʈ͡ʂʰoʊ̯⁵¹ kɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʰɐu̯³³ kɔːŋ³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰoʊ̯⁵¹ kɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʰɐu̯³³ kɔːŋ³⁵/

By replacing 香 (xiāng, “fragrant”) in 香港 (Xiānggǎng) with antonym 臭 (chòu, “smelly; stinky”).

(derogatory or self-deprecatory) derogatory name for Hong Kong: a city and special administrative region in southeast China


寶活

(Cantonese, local) Burwood (a suburb of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia)


艾士菲

/ˀaɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹ feɪ̯⁵⁵/

/ŋaːi̯²² siː²² fei̯⁵⁵/

/ˀaɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹ feɪ̯⁵⁵/

/ŋaːi̯²² siː²² fei̯⁵⁵/

Ashfield (a suburb of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia)


好市圍

/xɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂʐ̩⁵¹ weɪ̯³⁵/

/hou̯³⁵ siː¹³ wɐi̯²¹/

/xɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂʐ̩⁵¹ weɪ̯³⁵/

/hou̯³⁵ siː¹³ wɐi̯²¹/

Hurstville (a suburb of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia)


車士活

/ʈ͡ʂʰɤ⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹ xu̯ɔ³⁵/

/t͡sʰɛː⁵⁵ siː²² wuːt̚²/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɤ⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹ xu̯ɔ³⁵/

/t͡sʰɛː⁵⁵ siː²² wuːt̚²/

Chatswood (a suburb of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia)


奧沙華

/ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹ ʂä⁵⁵ xu̯ä³⁵/

/ou̯³³ saː⁵⁵ waː²¹/

/ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹ ʂä⁵⁵ xu̯ä³⁵/

/ou̯³³ saː⁵⁵ waː²¹/


怡陶碧谷

ㄧˊ ㄊㄠˊ ㄅㄧˋ ㄍㄨˇ

ㄧˊ ㄊㄠˊ ㄅㄧˋ ㄍㄨˇ

/i³⁵ tʰɑʊ̯³⁵ pi⁵¹ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/jiː²¹ tʰou̯²¹ pɪk̚⁵ kʊk̚⁵/

/i³⁵ tʰɑʊ̯³⁵ pi⁵¹ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/jiː²¹ tʰou̯²¹ pɪk̚⁵ kʊk̚⁵/

Etobicoke (a district of Toronto, Ontario, Canada)


伊陶碧谷

ㄧ ㄊㄠˊ ㄅㄧˋ ㄍㄨˇ

ㄧ ㄊㄠˊ ㄅㄧˋ ㄍㄨˇ

/i⁵⁵ tʰɑʊ̯³⁵ pi⁵¹ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/jiː⁵⁵ tʰou̯²¹ pɪk̚⁵ kʊk̚⁵/

/i⁵⁵ tʰɑʊ̯³⁵ pi⁵¹ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/jiː⁵⁵ tʰou̯²¹ pɪk̚⁵ kʊk̚⁵/


奧克維爾

ㄠˋ ㄎㄜˋ ㄨㄟˊ ㄦˇ

ㄠˋ ㄎㄜˋ ㄨㄟˊ ㄦˇ

/ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ kʰɤ⁵¹ weɪ̯³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ou̯³³ hɐk̚⁵ wɐi̯²¹ jiː¹³/

/ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ kʰɤ⁵¹ weɪ̯³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ou̯³³ hɐk̚⁵ wɐi̯²¹ jiː¹³/