九洞

/t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʊŋ⁵¹/

/t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʊŋ⁵¹/

(～新村) Jelapang (a town in Kinta district, Perak, Malaysia)


宜力

(～縣) Gerik (a mukim of Hulu Perak district, Perak, Malaysia)


華玲

/xu̯ä³⁵ liŋ³⁵/

/xu̯ä³⁵ liŋ³⁵/

(～縣) Baling (a district of Kedah, Malaysia)


吉輦

/t͡ɕi³⁵ ni̯ɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡ɕi³⁵ ni̯ɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(～縣) Kerian (a district of Perak, Malaysia)


高淵

/kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ɥɛn⁵⁵/

/kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ɥɛn⁵⁵/

Possibly from the name of the Kerian River, which would make it cognate with the district name 吉輦／吉辇 (Jíniǎn, “Kerian”).

Nibong Tebal (a town in Seberang Perai, Penang, Malaysia)


萬津

/wän⁵¹ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/

/wän⁵¹ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/

Banting (a town in Kuala Langat district, Selangor, Malaysia)


利豐港

/li⁵¹ fɤŋ⁵⁵ kɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/li⁵¹ fɤŋ⁵⁵ kɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Sungai Mati (a town in Serom, Tangkak district, Johor, Malaysia)


木里

/mu⁵¹ li²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/mu⁵¹ li²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

藏族自治縣 藏族自治縣#Chinese

(～藏族自治縣, ～縣) Muli (an autonomous county of Liangshan prefecture, Sichuan, China)


蘭陵

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (蘭陵):
* → Japanese: 蘭(らん)陵(りょう) (Ranryō)

/län³⁵ liŋ³⁵/

/laːn²¹ lɪŋ²¹/

/län³⁵ liŋ³⁵/

/laːn²¹ lɪŋ²¹/

(～縣) Lanling (a county of Linyi, Shandong, China)


阿都沁

/ˀä⁵⁵ tu⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰin⁵¹/

/ˀä⁵⁵ tu⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰin⁵¹/

Horqin Left Rear Banner
Horqin Left Rear Banner#English

(～蘇木) Aduqin (a sumu in Horqin Left Rear Banner, Inner Mongolia autonomous region, China)


韶州

/ʂɑʊ̯³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/ʂɑʊ̯³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

(historical) Shao (a former prefecture of Guangdong, China)


庫蘭薩日克

ㄎㄨˋ ㄌㄢˊ ㄙㄚˋ ㄖˋ ㄎㄜˋ

ㄎㄨˋ ㄌㄢˊ ㄙㄚˋ ㄖˋ ㄎㄜˋ

Куланьсажикэ

/kʰu⁵¹ län³⁵ sä⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ kʰɤ⁵¹/

/kʰu⁵¹ län³⁵ sä⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ kʰɤ⁵¹/

(～鄉) Kulansarak (a township in Akqi, Kizilsu prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


達坂城

/tä³⁵ pän²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/taːt̚² paːn³⁵ sɪŋ²¹/

/tä³⁵ pän²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/taːt̚² paːn³⁵ sɪŋ²¹/

(～區) Dabancheng (a district of Ürümqi, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)

(～鎮) Dabancheng (a town in Dabancheng district, Ürümqi, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


雅江

/jä²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/ŋaː¹³ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/jä²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/ŋaː¹³ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

(～縣) Yajiang, Nyagchukha (a county of Garzê prefecture, Sichuan, China)


崑玉

/kʰu̯ən⁵⁵ y⁵¹/

/kʷʰɐn⁵⁵ jʊk̚²/

/kʰu̯ən⁵⁵ y⁵¹/

/kʷʰɐn⁵⁵ jʊk̚²/

(～市) Kunyu (a county-level city of the Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


達旺

/tä³⁵ wɑŋ⁵¹/

/taːt̚² wɔːŋ²²/

/tä³⁵ wɑŋ⁵¹/

/taːt̚² wɔːŋ²²/

Arunachal Pradesh
Arunachal Pradesh#English

Tawang (an administrative district of Arunachal Pradesh, India)

Tawang (a town, the district headquarters of Tawang district, Arunachal Pradesh, India)


阿魯納恰爾

ㄚ ㄌㄨˇ ㄋㄚˋ ㄑㄧㄚˋ ㄦˇ

ㄚ ㄌㄨˇ ㄋㄚˋ ㄑㄧㄚˋ ㄦˇ

/ˀä⁵⁵ lu²¹⁴⁻²¹ nä⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕʰi̯ä⁵¹ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(～邦) Arunachal Pradesh (a state of India)


芒康

/mɑŋ³⁵ kʰɑŋ⁵⁵/

/mɔːŋ²¹ hɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/mɑŋ³⁵ kʰɑŋ⁵⁵/

/mɔːŋ²¹ hɔːŋ⁵⁵/

(～縣) Markam (a county of Chamdo, Tibet Autonomous Region, China)


貢覺

/kʊŋ⁵¹ t͡ɕy̯ɛ³⁵/

/kʊŋ³³ kɔːk̚³/

/kʊŋ⁵¹ t͡ɕy̯ɛ³⁵/

/kʊŋ³³ kɔːk̚³/

(～縣) Gonjo (a county of Chamdo, Tibet Autonomous Region, China)


獨山子

/tu³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʊk̚² saːn⁵⁵ t͡siː³⁵/

/tu³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʊk̚² saːn⁵⁵ t͡siː³⁵/

(～區) Dushanzi (a district of Karamay, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


登巴薩

/tɤŋ⁵⁵ pä⁵⁵ sä⁵¹/

/tɐŋ⁵⁵ paː⁵⁵ saːt̚³/

/tɤŋ⁵⁵ pä⁵⁵ sä⁵¹/

/tɐŋ⁵⁵ paː⁵⁵ saːt̚³/

(Mainland China, Hong Kong) Denpasar (the capital city of Bali, Indonesia)


丹帕沙

/tän⁵⁵ pʰä⁵¹ ʂä⁵⁵/

/tän⁵⁵ pʰä⁵¹ ʂä⁵⁵/

(Taiwan) Denpasar (the capital city of Bali, Indonesia)


茶卡

/ʈ͡ʂʰä³⁵ kʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʰaː²¹ kʰaː⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰä³⁵ kʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʰaː²¹ kʰaː⁵⁵/

Borrowed from Tibetan ཚྭ་ཁ། (tshwa kha, “salt field; salt lake”).

bor

(～鹽湖) Chaka Salt Lake (a lake in Ulan, Haixi prefecture, Qinghai, China)

(～鎮) Chaka (a town in Ulan, Haixi prefecture, Qinghai, China)


茶卡鹽湖

ㄔㄚˊ ㄎㄚˇ ㄧㄢˊ ㄏㄨˊ

ㄔㄚˊ ㄎㄚˇ ㄧㄢˊ ㄏㄨˊ

/ʈ͡ʂʰä³⁵ kʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹ jɛn³⁵ xu³⁵/

/t͡sʰaː²¹ kʰaː⁵⁵ jiːm²¹ wuː²¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʰä³⁵ kʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹ jɛn³⁵ xu³⁵/

/t͡sʰaː²¹ kʰaː⁵⁵ jiːm²¹ wuː²¹/


蓮塘

/li̯ɛn³⁵ tʰɑŋ³⁵/

/liːn²¹ tʰɔːŋ²¹/

/li̯ɛn³⁵ tʰɑŋ³⁵/

/liːn²¹ tʰɔːŋ²¹/

(～街道) Liantang (a subdistrict of Luohu district, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China)


高昌

/kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ⁵⁵/

/kou̯⁵⁵ t͡sʰœːŋ⁵⁵/

/kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ⁵⁵/

/kou̯⁵⁵ t͡sʰœːŋ⁵⁵/

(～區) Gaochang (a district of Turpan, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


鄯善

/ʂän⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂän⁵¹/

/ʂän⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂän⁵¹/

(～縣) Shanshan (a county of Turpan, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


胡楊河

/xu³⁵ jɑŋ³⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/wuː²¹ jœːŋ²¹ hɔː²¹/

/xu³⁵ jɑŋ³⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/wuː²¹ jœːŋ²¹ hɔː²¹/

(～市) Huyanghe (a county-level city of the Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


可克達拉

ㄎㄜˇ ㄎㄜˋ ㄉㄚˊ ㄌㄚ

ㄎㄜˇ ㄎㄜˋ ㄉㄚˊ ㄌㄚ

/kʰɤ²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰɤ⁵¹ tä³⁵ lä⁵⁵/

/kʰɤ²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰɤ⁵¹ tä³⁵ lä⁵⁵/

(～市) Kokdala (a county-level city of the Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


四子王

/sz̩⁵¹ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ wɑŋ³⁵/

/sei̯³³ t͡siː³⁵ wɔːŋ²¹/

/sz̩⁵¹ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ wɑŋ³⁵/

/sei̯³³ t͡siː³⁵ wɔːŋ²¹/

(～旗) Dorbod (a banner in Ulanqab, Inner Mongolia autonomous region, China)


霍城

/xu̯ɔ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/fɔːk̚³ sɪŋ²¹/

/xu̯ɔ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/fɔːk̚³ sɪŋ²¹/

霍 (Huò) is short for 霍爾果斯／霍尔果斯 (Huò'ěrguǒsī)

zh-l

霍爾果斯／霍尔果斯 (Huò'ěrguǒsī)

(～縣) Huocheng (a county of Ili prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


宜章

/i³⁵ ʈ͡ʂɑŋ⁵⁵/

/jiː²¹ t͡sœːŋ⁵⁵/

/i³⁵ ʈ͡ʂɑŋ⁵⁵/

/jiː²¹ t͡sœːŋ⁵⁵/

(～縣) Yizhang (a county of Chenzhou, Hunan, China)


臨武

/lin³⁵ u²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lin³⁵ u²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(～縣) Linwu (a county of Chenzhou, Hunan, China)


汝城

/ʐu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/jyː¹³ sɪŋ²¹/

/ʐu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/jyː¹³ sɪŋ²¹/

(～縣) Rucheng (a county of Chenzhou, Hunan, China)


桂東

/ku̯eɪ̯⁵¹ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/kʷɐi̯³³ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/ku̯eɪ̯⁵¹ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/kʷɐi̯³³ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

(～縣) Guidong (a county of Chenzhou, Hunan, China)


永興

/jʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕiŋ⁵⁵/

/wɪŋ¹³ hɪŋ⁵⁵/

/jʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕiŋ⁵⁵/

/wɪŋ¹³ hɪŋ⁵⁵/

(～縣) Yongxing (a county of Chenzhou, Hunan, China)


安仁

/ˀän⁵⁵ ʐən³⁵/

/ɔːn⁵⁵ jɐn²¹/

/ˀän⁵⁵ ʐən³⁵/

/ɔːn⁵⁵ jɐn²¹/

(～縣) Anren (a county of Chenzhou, Hunan, China)


烏蘭固木

ㄨ ㄌㄢˊ ㄍㄨˋ ㄇㄨˋ

ㄨ ㄌㄢˊ ㄍㄨˋ ㄇㄨˋ

/u⁵⁵ län³⁵ ku⁵¹⁻⁵³ mu⁵¹/

/wuː⁵⁵ laːn²¹ kuː³³ mʊk̚²/

/u⁵⁵ län³⁵ ku⁵¹⁻⁵³ mu⁵¹/

/wuː⁵⁵ laːn²¹ kuː³³ mʊk̚²/

cog

Classical Mongolian ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠩᠭᠣᠮ (ulaɣangɣom)

Ulaangom (the capital city of Uvs, Mongolia)


攸縣

/joʊ̯⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/jɐu̯²¹ jyːn²²/

/joʊ̯⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/jɐu̯²¹ jyːn²²/

You County (a county of Zhuzhou, Hunan, China)


雙牌

/ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ pʰaɪ̯³⁵/

/sœːŋ⁵⁵ pʰaːi̯²¹/

/ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ pʰaɪ̯³⁵/

/sœːŋ⁵⁵ pʰaːi̯²¹/

(～縣) Shuangpai (a county of Yongzhou, Hunan, China)


江永

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ jʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kɔːŋ⁵⁵ wɪŋ¹³/

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ jʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kɔːŋ⁵⁵ wɪŋ¹³/

(～縣) Jiangyong (a county of Yongzhou, Hunan, China)


道縣

/tɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/tɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

Dao County (a county of Yongzhou, Hunan, China)


祁東

/t͡ɕʰi³⁵ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/kʰei̯²¹ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕʰi³⁵ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/kʰei̯²¹ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

(～縣) Qidong (a county of Hengyang, Hunan, China)


衡南

/xɤŋ³⁵ nän³⁵/

/hɐŋ²¹ naːm²¹/

/xɤŋ³⁵ nän³⁵/

/hɐŋ²¹ naːm²¹/

(～縣) Hengnan (a county of Hengyang, Hunan, China)


衡東

/xɤŋ³⁵ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/hɐŋ²¹ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/xɤŋ³⁵ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/hɐŋ²¹ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

(～縣) Hengdong (a county of Hengyang, Hunan, China)


冷水灘

/lɤŋ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰän⁵⁵/

/laːŋ¹³ sɵy̯³⁵ tʰaːn⁵⁵/

/lɤŋ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰän⁵⁵/

/laːŋ¹³ sɵy̯³⁵ tʰaːn⁵⁵/

(～區) Lengshuitan (a district of Yongzhou, Hunan, China)


石狩

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ ʂoʊ̯⁵¹/

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ ʂoʊ̯⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 石(いし)狩(かり) (Ishikari).

(～市) Ishikari (a city in Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan)

Ishikari District
Ishikari District#English

(～郡) Ishikari District (a district of Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan)

(～川) Ishikari River (a river in Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan)


厚田

/xoʊ̯⁵¹ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/hɐu̯¹³ tʰiːn²¹/

/xoʊ̯⁵¹ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/hɐu̯¹³ tʰiːn²¹/

(～鄉) Houtian (a township in Xinjian district, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China)


厚田

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 厚(あつ)田(た) (Atsuta).

/xoʊ̯⁵¹ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/hɐu̯¹³ tʰiːn²¹/

/xoʊ̯⁵¹ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/hɐu̯¹³ tʰiːn²¹/

(～區, formerly ～村) Atsuta (a ward in Ishikari, Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan; a former village in Atsuta district)

(～郡) Atsuta (a former district of Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan)


濱益

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 浜(はま)益(ます) (Hamamasu).

(～村) Hamamasu (a former village in Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan)

Hamamasu District
Hamamasu District#English

(～郡) Hamamasu District (a former district of Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan)


新篠津

ㄒㄧㄣ ㄒㄧㄠˇ ㄐㄧㄣ

ㄒㄧㄣ ㄒㄧㄠˇ ㄐㄧㄣ

Синьсяоцзинь

/ɕin⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/

/ɕin⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 新(しん)篠(しの)津(つ) (Shinshinotsu).

(～村) Shinshinotsu (a village in Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan)


當別

/tɑŋ⁵⁵ pi̯ɛ³⁵/

/tɑŋ⁵⁵ pi̯ɛ³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 当(とう)別(べつ) (Tōbetsu).

(～町) Tōbetsu (a town in Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan)


濰城

/weɪ̯³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/wɐi̯²¹ sɪŋ²¹/

/weɪ̯³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/wɐi̯²¹ sɪŋ²¹/

(～區) Weicheng (a district of Weifang, Shandong, China)


寒亭

/xän³⁵ tʰiŋ³⁵/

/hɔːn²¹ tʰɪŋ²¹/

/xän³⁵ tʰiŋ³⁵/

/hɔːn²¹ tʰɪŋ²¹/

(～區) Hanting (a district of Weifang, Shandong, China)


奎文

/kʰu̯eɪ̯³⁵ wən³⁵/

/fuːi̯⁵⁵ mɐn²¹/

/kʰu̯eɪ̯³⁵ wən³⁵/

/fuːi̯⁵⁵ mɐn²¹/

(～區) Kuiwen (a district of Weifang, Shandong, China)


坊子

/fɑŋ⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/fɔːŋ⁵⁵ t͡siː³⁵/

/fɑŋ⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/fɔːŋ⁵⁵ t͡siː³⁵/

(～區) Fangzi (a district of Weifang, Shandong, China)


三角湧

/sän⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ jʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sã⁴⁴⁻³³ kak̚³²⁻⁴ iɪŋ⁴¹/

/sã⁴⁴⁻³³ kak̚³²⁻⁴ iɪŋ⁵³/

/sän⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ jʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sã⁴⁴⁻³³ kak̚³²⁻⁴ iɪŋ⁴¹/

/sã⁴⁴⁻³³ kak̚³²⁻⁴ iɪŋ⁵³/

Old name for 三峽／三峡 (Sānxiá, “Sanxia (a district of New Taipei City, Taiwan)”).


綏來

/su̯eɪ̯³⁵ laɪ̯³⁵/

/su̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ laɪ̯³⁵/

/sɵy̯⁵⁵ lɔːi̯²¹/

/su̯eɪ̯³⁵ laɪ̯³⁵/

/su̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ laɪ̯³⁵/

/sɵy̯⁵⁵ lɔːi̯²¹/

(～縣) Old name for 瑪納斯／玛纳斯 (Mǎnàsī, “Manas County (a county of the Xinjiang autonomous region, China)”).


貓里

/mɑʊ̯⁵⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ba²³⁻³³ li⁴¹/

/ba²⁴⁻¹¹ li⁵³/

/ba²⁴⁻¹¹ li²⁴/

/ba²³⁻³³ li²³/

/mɑʊ̯⁵⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ba²³⁻³³ li⁴¹/

/ba²⁴⁻¹¹ li⁵³/

/ba²⁴⁻¹¹ li²⁴/

/ba²³⁻³³ li²³/

(historical) a former name of Miaoli, Taiwan


綏定

/su̯eɪ̯³⁵ tiŋ⁵¹/

/su̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ tiŋ⁵¹/

/sɵy̯⁵⁵ tɪŋ²²/

/su̯eɪ̯³⁵ tiŋ⁵¹/

/su̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ tiŋ⁵¹/

/sɵy̯⁵⁵ tɪŋ²²/

(～縣) Suiding (a former county of the Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


花塔

/fa⁴⁴⁻³⁵ tʰap̚¹/

/fa⁴⁴⁻³⁵ tʰap̚¹/


定邊

/tiŋ⁵¹ pi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/tɪŋ²² piːn⁵⁵/

/tiŋ⁵¹ pi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/tɪŋ²² piːn⁵⁵/

(～縣) Dingbian (a county of Yulin, Shaanxi, China)


漢源

/xän⁵¹ ɥɛn³⁵/

/hɔːn³³ jyːn²¹/

/xän⁵¹ ɥɛn³⁵/

/hɔːn³³ jyːn²¹/

(～縣) Hanyuan (a county of Ya'an, Sichuan, China)


黎平

/li³⁵ pʰiŋ³⁵/

/lɐi̯²¹ pʰɪŋ²¹/

/li³⁵ pʰiŋ³⁵/

/lɐi̯²¹ pʰɪŋ²¹/

(～縣) Liping (a county of Qiandongnan prefecture, Guizhou, China)


原陽

→ English: Yuanyang

/ɥɛn³⁵ jɑŋ³⁵/

/jyːn²¹ jœːŋ²¹/

/ɥɛn³⁵ jɑŋ³⁵/

/jyːn²¹ jœːŋ²¹/

(～縣) Yuanyang (a county of Xinxiang, Henan, China)


綏德

/su̯eɪ̯³⁵ tɤ³⁵/

/su̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ tɤ³⁵/

/sɵy̯⁵⁵ tɐk̚⁵/

/su̯eɪ̯³⁵ tɤ³⁵/

/su̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ tɤ³⁵/

/sɵy̯⁵⁵ tɐk̚⁵/

(～縣) Suide (a county of Yulin, Shaanxi, China)


巴彥浩特

ㄅㄚ ㄧㄢˋ ㄏㄠˋ ㄊㄜˋ

ㄅㄚ ㄧㄢˋ ㄏㄠˋ ㄊㄜˋ

/pä⁵⁵ jɛn⁵¹⁻⁵³ xɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ tʰɤ⁵¹/

/paː⁵⁵ jiːn²² hou̯²² tɐk̚²/

/pä⁵⁵ jɛn⁵¹⁻⁵³ xɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ tʰɤ⁵¹/

/paː⁵⁵ jiːn²² hou̯²² tɐk̚²/

Borrowed from Mongolian ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨᠬᠣᠲᠠ (bayanqota).

Alxa Left Banner
Alxa Left Banner#English

(～鎮) Bayanhot (a town in Alxa Left Banner, Alxa League, Inner Mongolia autonomous region, China)


米東

/mi²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/mɐi̯¹³ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/mi²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/mɐi̯¹³ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

From 米泉 (Mǐquán, “Miquan (a former county-level city of Changji Hui Autonomous Prefecture)”) + 東山／东山 (Dōngshān, “Dongshan (a former district of Ürümqi)”), which merged to give the current Midong district.

zh-l

(～區) Midong (a district of Ürümqi, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


三重埔

/sän⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰʊŋ³⁵ pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sã⁴⁴⁻³³ tiɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ pɔ⁴⁴/

/sã⁴⁴⁻³³ tiɪŋ²³⁻³³ pɔ⁴⁴/

/sän⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰʊŋ³⁵ pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sã⁴⁴⁻³³ tiɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ pɔ⁴⁴/

/sã⁴⁴⁻³³ tiɪŋ²³⁻³³ pɔ⁴⁴/

(dated or Hokkien) (～區, formerly ～市, ～鎮) Sanchong (a district of New Taipei City, Taiwan)


額敏

/ˀɤ³⁵ min²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ŋaːk̚² mɐn¹³/

/ˀɤ³⁵ min²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ŋaːk̚² mɐn¹³/

(～縣) Emin (a county of Tacheng prefecture, Ili prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


新邵

/ɕin⁵⁵ ʂɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/sɐn⁵⁵ siːu̯²²/

/ɕin⁵⁵ ʂɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/sɐn⁵⁵ siːu̯²²/

(～縣) Xinshao (a county of Shaoyang, Hunan, China)


隆回

/lʊŋ³⁵ xu̯eɪ̯³⁵/

/lʊŋ²¹ wuːi̯²¹/

/lʊŋ³⁵ xu̯eɪ̯³⁵/

/lʊŋ²¹ wuːi̯²¹/

(～縣) Longhui (a county of Shaoyang, Hunan, China)


邵東

/ʂɑʊ̯⁵¹ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/siːu̯²² tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/ʂɑʊ̯⁵¹ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/siːu̯²² tʊŋ⁵⁵/

(～市) Shaodong (a county-level city of Shaoyang, Hunan, China)


城步

/ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵ pu⁵¹/

/sɪŋ²¹ pou̯²²/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵ pu⁵¹/

/sɪŋ²¹ pou̯²²/

苗族自治縣 苗族自治縣#Chinese

(～苗族自治縣, ～縣) Chengbu (an autonomous county of Shaoyang, Hunan, China)


南縣

/nän³⁵ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/nän³⁵ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

Nan County, Nanxian (a county of Yiyang, Hunan, China)


桃江

/tʰɑʊ̯³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/tʰou̯²¹ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/tʰɑʊ̯³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/tʰou̯²¹ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

(～縣) Taojiang (a county of Yiyang, Hunan, China)


安化

/ˀän⁵⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹/

/ɔːn⁵⁵ faː³³/

/ˀän⁵⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹/

/ɔːn⁵⁵ faː³³/

(～縣) Anhua (a county of Yiyang, Hunan, China)


尼勒克

/ni³⁵ lɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ kʰɤ⁵¹/

/nei̯²¹ lɐk̚² hɐk̚⁵/

/ni³⁵ lɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ kʰɤ⁵¹/

/nei̯²¹ lɐk̚² hɐk̚⁵/

(～縣) Nilka (a county of Ili prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


鞏留

/kʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ li̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/kʊŋ³⁵ lɐu̯²¹/

/kʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ li̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/kʊŋ³⁵ lɐu̯²¹/

(～縣) Gongliu (a county of Ili prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


新嘉波

/ɕin⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ pu̯ɔ⁵⁵/

/siŋ⁵⁵⁻²¹ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋa⁵⁵ ^((pʰ-))βo⁵⁵/

/ɕin⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ pu̯ɔ⁵⁵/

/siŋ⁵⁵⁻²¹ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋa⁵⁵ ^((pʰ-))βo⁵⁵/

(dated) Singapore (an island and city-state in Southeast Asia, located off the southernmost tip of the Malay Peninsula; a former British crown colony and state of Malaysia (1963-1965))


澧縣

/li²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/lɐi̯¹³ jyːn²²/

/li²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/lɐi̯¹³ jyːn²²/

Li County, Lixian (a county of Changde, Hunan, China)


安鄉

/ˀän⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/ɔːn⁵⁵ hœːŋ⁵⁵/

/ˀän⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/ɔːn⁵⁵ hœːŋ⁵⁵/

(～縣) Anxiang (a county of Changde, Hunan, China)


漢壽

/xän⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂoʊ̯⁵¹/

/hɔːn³³ sɐu̯²²/

/xän⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂoʊ̯⁵¹/

/hɔːn³³ sɐu̯²²/

(～縣) Hanshou (a county of Changde, Hunan, China)


臨澧

/lin³⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lɐm²¹ lɐi̯¹³/

/lin³⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lɐm²¹ lɐi̯¹³/

(～縣) Linli (a county of Changde, Hunan, China)


桑植

/sɑŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/sɔːŋ⁵⁵ t͡sɪk̚²/

/sɑŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/sɔːŋ⁵⁵ t͡sɪk̚²/

(～縣) Sangzhi (a county of Zhangjiajie, Hunan, China)


慈利

/t͡sʰz̩³⁵ li⁵¹/

/t͡sʰiː²¹ lei̯²²/

/t͡sʰz̩³⁵ li⁵¹/

/t͡sʰiː²¹ lei̯²²/

(～縣) Cili (a county of Zhangjiajie, Hunan, China)


七飯

/t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵ fän⁵¹/

/t͡sʰɐt̚⁵ faːn²²/

/t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵ fän⁵¹/

/t͡sʰɐt̚⁵ faːn²²/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 七(なな)飯(え) (nanae).

(～町) Nanae (a town in Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan)


木古內

/mu⁵¹ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ neɪ̯⁵¹/

/mʊk̚² kuː³⁵ nɔːi̯²²/

/mu⁵¹ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ neɪ̯⁵¹/

/mʊk̚² kuː³⁵ nɔːi̯²²/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 木(き)古(こ)内(ない) (Kikonai).

(～町) Kikonai (a town in Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan)


知內

/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ neɪ̯⁵¹/

/t͡siː⁵⁵ nɔːi̯²²/

/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ neɪ̯⁵¹/

/t͡siː⁵⁵ nɔːi̯²²/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 知(しり)内(うち) (Shiriuchi).

(～町) Shiriuchi (a town in Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan)


漵浦

/ɕy⁵¹ pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sɵy̯²² pʰou̯³⁵/

/ɕy⁵¹ pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sɵy̯²² pʰou̯³⁵/

(～縣) Xupu (a county of Huaihua, Hunan, China)


靖州

/t͡ɕiŋ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/t͡sɪŋ²² t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕiŋ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/t͡sɪŋ²² t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

苗族侗族自治縣 苗族侗族自治縣#Chinese

(～苗族侗族自治縣, ～縣) Jingzhou (an autonomous county of Huaihua, Hunan, China)


新晃

/ɕin⁵⁵ xu̯ɑŋ⁵¹/

/sɐn⁵⁵ fɔːŋ³⁵/

/ɕin⁵⁵ xu̯ɑŋ⁵¹/

/sɐn⁵⁵ fɔːŋ³⁵/

侗族自治縣 侗族自治縣#Chinese

(～侗族自治縣, ～縣) Xinhuang (an autonomous county of Huaihua, Hunan, China)


芷江

/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡siː³⁵ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡siː³⁵ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

侗族自治縣 侗族自治縣#Chinese

(～侗族自治縣, ～縣) Zhijiang (an autonomous county of Huaihua, Hunan, China)


麻陽

/mä³⁵ jɑŋ³⁵/

/maː²¹ jœːŋ²¹/

/mä³⁵ jɑŋ³⁵/

/maː²¹ jœːŋ²¹/

苗族自治縣 苗族自治縣#Chinese

(～苗族自治縣, ～縣) Mayang (an autonomous county of Huaihua, Hunan, China)


永順

/jʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂu̯ən⁵¹/

/wɪŋ¹³ sɵn²²/

/jʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂu̯ən⁵¹/

/wɪŋ¹³ sɵn²²/

(～縣) Yongshun (a county of Xiangxi prefecture, Hunan, China)


保靖

/pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕiŋ⁵¹/

/pou̯³⁵ t͡sɪŋ²²/

/pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕiŋ⁵¹/

/pou̯³⁵ t͡sɪŋ²²/

(～縣) Baojing (a county of Xiangxi prefecture, Hunan, China)


花垣

/xu̯ä⁵⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

/xu̯ä⁵⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

(～縣) Huayuan (a county of Xiangxi prefecture, Hunan, China)


長萬部

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ wän⁵¹⁻⁵³ pu⁵¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ wän⁵¹⁻⁵³ pu⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 長(おしゃ)万(まん)部(べ) (Oshamanbe).

(～町) Oshamambe (a town in Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan)


八打雁

/pä⁵⁵ tä²¹⁴⁻²¹ jɛn⁵¹/

/paːt̚³ taː³⁵ ŋaːn²²/

/pat̚³²⁻⁴ tã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡan²²/

/pat̚⁵⁻²⁴ tã⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ ɡan⁴¹/

/pat̚³²⁻⁵ tã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡan²²/

/pat̚³²⁻⁴ tã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡan³³/

/pat̚³²⁻⁴ tã⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ɡan³³/

/pä⁵⁵ tä²¹⁴⁻²¹ jɛn⁵¹/

/paːt̚³ taː³⁵ ŋaːn²²/

/pat̚³²⁻⁴ tã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡan²²/

/pat̚⁵⁻²⁴ tã⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ ɡan⁴¹/

/pat̚³²⁻⁵ tã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡan²²/

/pat̚³²⁻⁴ tã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡan³³/

/pat̚³²⁻⁴ tã⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ɡan³³/

(～省) Batangas (a province of the Philippines)

(～市) Batangas City (the capital city of Batangas, Philippines)


辰谿

/ʈ͡ʂʰən³⁵ ɕi⁵⁵/

/sɐn²¹ kʰɐi̯⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰən³⁵ ɕi⁵⁵/

/sɐn²¹ kʰɐi̯⁵⁵/

(～縣) Chenxi (a county of Huaihua, Hunan, China)


前三島

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn³⁵ sän⁵⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn³⁵ sän⁵⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(～鄉) Qiansandao (a township of China, disputed between Lianyun district, Lianyungang, Jiangsu and Lanshan district, Rizhao, Shandong)


門源

/mən³⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

/mən³⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

Homophonous replacement for 亹源 from 1959.

回族自治縣 回族自治縣#Chinese

(～回族自治縣, ～縣) Menyuan (an autonomous county of Haibei prefecture, Qinghai, China)


深嶺

/ʂən⁵⁵ liŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʂən⁵⁵ liŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(～村) Shenling (a village in Tongyu, Chaoyang district, Shantou)


江差

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰä⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰä⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 江(え)差(さし) (esashi).

(～町) Esashi (a town in Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan)


嚴州

/jɛn³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/jiːm²¹ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/jɛn³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/jiːm²¹ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

(～府) (historical) Yanzhou Prefecture (an ancient prefecture during the Ming and Qing dynasties, whose capital was located in present-day Jiande, Zhejiang, China)


淳安

/ʈ͡ʂʰu̯ən³⁵ ˀän⁵⁵/

/sɵn²¹ ɔːn⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰu̯ən³⁵ ˀän⁵⁵/

/sɵn²¹ ɔːn⁵⁵/

(～縣) Chun'an (a county of Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China)


類烏齊

/leɪ̯⁵¹ u⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/lɵy̯²² wuː⁵⁵ t͡sʰɐi̯²¹/

/leɪ̯⁵¹ u⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/lɵy̯²² wuː⁵⁵ t͡sʰɐi̯²¹/

(～縣) Riwoche (a county of Chamdo, Tibet Autonomous Region, China)


可可托海

ㄎㄜˇ ㄎㄜˇ ㄊㄨㄛ ㄏㄞˇ

ㄎㄜˇ ㄎㄜˇ ㄊㄨㄛ ㄏㄞˇ

/kʰɤ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ kʰɤ²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰu̯ɔ⁵⁵ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/hɔː³⁵ hɔː³⁵ tʰɔːk̚³ hɔːi̯³⁵/

/hɔː³⁵ hɔː³⁵ tʰɔːk̚³ hɔːi̯³⁵/

(～鎮) Koktokay (a town in Fuyun, Altay prefecture, Ili prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


雲州

/yn³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/yn³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

(～區) Yunzhou (a district of Datong, Shanxi, China)


彭澤

/pʰɤŋ³⁵ t͡sɤ³⁵/

/pʰaːŋ²¹ t͡saːk̚²/

/pʰɤŋ³⁵ t͡sɤ³⁵/

/pʰaːŋ²¹ t͡saːk̚²/

(～縣) Pengze (a county of Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China)


太僕寺

/tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ pʰu³⁵ sz̩⁵¹/

/tʰaːi̯³³ pʊk̚² t͡siː²²/

/tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ pʰu³⁵ sz̩⁵¹/

/tʰaːi̯³³ pʊk̚² t͡siː²²/

(～旗) Taibus (a banner in Xilingol, Inner Mongolia autonomous region, China)


寶昌

/pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ⁵⁵/

/pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ⁵⁵/

(～鎮) Baochang (a town in Taibus, Xilingol, Inner Mongolia autonomous region, China)


壽昌

/ʂoʊ̯⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ⁵⁵/

/ʂoʊ̯⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ⁵⁵/

(～鎮) Shouchang (a town in Jiande, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China)

(～縣) (historical) Shouchang (a former county of Zhejiang, China, now part of Jiande)


彭佳嶼

/pʰɤŋ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pʰaːŋ²¹ kaːi̯⁵⁵ t͡sɵy̯²²/

/pʰẽ²³⁻³³ ka⁴⁴⁻³³ su³³/

/pʰĩ²⁴⁻¹¹ ka⁴⁴⁻³³ su³³/

/pʰɤŋ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pʰaːŋ²¹ kaːi̯⁵⁵ t͡sɵy̯²²/

/pʰẽ²³⁻³³ ka⁴⁴⁻³³ su³³/

/pʰĩ²⁴⁻¹¹ ka⁴⁴⁻³³ su³³/

Pengjia Islet (an island of Zhongzheng district, Keelung, Taiwan)


德光島

/tɤ³⁵ ku̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tɐk̚⁵ kʷɔːŋ⁵⁵ tou̯³⁵/

/tiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² to⁵³/

/tiɪk̚⁵⁻²⁴ kɔŋ³³ to⁵⁵⁴/

/tiɪk̚³²⁻⁵ kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² to⁵³/

/tiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ to⁵³/

/tiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tɤ⁴¹/

/tɤ³⁵ ku̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tɐk̚⁵ kʷɔːŋ⁵⁵ tou̯³⁵/

/tiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² to⁵³/

/tiɪk̚⁵⁻²⁴ kɔŋ³³ to⁵⁵⁴/

/tiɪk̚³²⁻⁵ kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² to⁵³/

/tiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ to⁵³/

/tiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tɤ⁴¹/

德光 is borrowed from Malay Tekong, possibly via Hokkien.


義州

/i⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/jiː²² t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/i⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/jiː²² t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

(～郡) Uiju (a county of North Pyongan Province, North Korea)

(historical) Yizhou (a historical prefecture of China, which existed between 1151 and 1913 and was located in present-day Yi County (義縣／义县), Liaoning)


義縣

/i⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/i⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

Yi County, Yixian (a county of Jinzhou, Liaoning, China)


波茲南

/pu̯ɔ⁵⁵ t͡sz̩⁵⁵ nän³⁵/

/pɔː⁵⁵ t͡siː⁵⁵ naːm²¹/

/pu̯ɔ⁵⁵ t͡sz̩⁵⁵ nän³⁵/

/pɔː⁵⁵ t͡siː⁵⁵ naːm²¹/


斯大林格勒

ㄙ ㄉㄚˋ ㄌㄧㄣˊ ㄍㄜˊ ㄌㄜˋ

ㄙ ㄉㄚˋ ㄌㄧㄣˊ ㄍㄜˊ ㄌㄜˋ

Сыдалиньгэлэ

/sz̩⁵⁵ tä⁵¹ lin³⁵ kɤ³⁵ lɤ⁵¹/

/sz̩⁵⁵ tä⁵¹ lin³⁵ kɤ³⁵ lɤ⁵¹/

(historical) Stalingrad (former name of Volgograd: a city, the administrative center of Volgograd Oblast, Russia, and site of a famous World War II battle; used from 1925–1961)


史達林格勒

ㄕˇ ㄉㄚˊ ㄌㄧㄣˊ ㄍㄜˊ ㄌㄜˋ

ㄕˇ ㄉㄚˊ ㄌㄧㄣˊ ㄍㄜˊ ㄌㄜˋ

Шидалиньгэлэ

/ʂʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ tä³⁵ lin³⁵ kɤ³⁵ lɤ⁵¹/

/ʂʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ tä³⁵ lin³⁵ kɤ³⁵ lɤ⁵¹/


木壘

/mu⁵¹ leɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/mʊk̚² lɵy̯¹³/

/mu⁵¹ leɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/mʊk̚² lɵy̯¹³/

哈薩克自治縣 哈薩克自治縣#Chinese

(～哈薩克自治縣, ～縣) Mori (an autonomous county of Changji prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


潛山

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

(～市) Qianshan (a county-level city of Anqing, Anhui, China)


察隅

/ʈ͡ʂʰä³⁵ y³⁵/

/t͡sʰaːt̚³ jyː²¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʰä³⁵ y³⁵/

/t͡sʰaːt̚³ jyː²¹/

Borrowed from Tibetan རྫ་ཡུལ (rdza yul).

(～縣) Zayü (a county of Nyingchi, Tibet Autonomous Region, China)


波德申

/pu̯ɔ⁵⁵ tɤ³⁵ ʂən⁵⁵/

/pɔː⁵⁵ tɐk̚⁵ sɐn⁵⁵/

/pu̯ɔ⁵⁵ tɤ³⁵ ʂən⁵⁵/

/pɔː⁵⁵ tɐk̚⁵ sɐn⁵⁵/

(～縣) Port Dickson (a district of Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia)

Port Dickson (a coastal town, the capital of Port Dickson district, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia)


興國

/ɕiŋ⁵⁵ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

/hɪŋ⁵⁵ kʷɔːk̚³/

/hiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kɔk̚³²/

/hiɪŋ³³ kɔk̚⁵/

/hiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kɔk̚³²/

/hiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kɔk̚³²/

/hiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kɔk̚³²/

/ɕiŋ⁵⁵ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

/hɪŋ⁵⁵ kʷɔːk̚³/

/hiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kɔk̚³²/

/hiɪŋ³³ kɔk̚⁵/

/hiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kɔk̚³²/

/hiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kɔk̚³²/

/hiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kɔk̚³²/

(～縣) Xingguo (a county of Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China)


扎賚諾爾

ㄓㄚ ㄌㄞˋ ㄋㄨㄛˋ ㄦˇ

ㄓㄚ ㄌㄞˋ ㄋㄨㄛˋ ㄦˇ

/ʈ͡ʂä⁵⁵ laɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ nu̯ɔ⁵¹ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʈ͡ʂä⁵⁵ laɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ nu̯ɔ⁵¹ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(～區) Jalainur, Zhalainuo'er (a district of Hulunbuir, Inner Mongolia autonomous region, China)


通江

/tʰʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/tʰʊŋ⁵⁵ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/tʰʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/tʰʊŋ⁵⁵ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

(～縣) Tongjiang (a county of Bazhong, Sichuan, China)


廣昌

/ku̯ɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ⁵⁵/

/kʷɔːŋ³⁵ t͡sʰœːŋ⁵⁵/

/ku̯ɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ⁵⁵/

/kʷɔːŋ³⁵ t͡sʰœːŋ⁵⁵/

(～縣) Guangchang (a county of Fuzhou, Jiangxi, China)


卡爾梅克

ㄎㄚˇ ㄦˇ ㄇㄟˊ ㄎㄜˋ

ㄎㄚˇ ㄦˇ ㄇㄟˊ ㄎㄜˋ

/kʰä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ meɪ̯³⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹/

/kʰä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ meɪ̯³⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹/

Transliteration of Russian калмы́к m anim sg (kalmýk, “Kalmyk”, noun), from Kipchak قالماق (qālmāq /qalmaq/).


恰克圖

ㄑㄧㄚˋ ㄎㄜˋ ㄊㄨˊ

ㄑㄧㄚˋ ㄎㄜˋ ㄊㄨˊ

/t͡ɕʰi̯ä⁵¹⁻⁵³ kʰɤ⁵¹ tʰu³⁵/

/t͡ɕʰi̯ä⁵¹⁻⁵³ kʰɤ⁵¹ tʰu³⁵/

Transliteration of Manchu ᡴᡳᠶᠠᡴᡨᡠ (kiyaktu), from Classical Mongolian ᠬᠢᠶᠠᠭᠲᠤ (kiyaɣtu, ornative toponym).

der

Kyakhta (a town, the administrative centre of the Kyakhtinsky District, Buryatia, Russia)


察布查爾

ㄔㄚˊ ㄅㄨˋ ㄔㄚˊ ㄦˇ

ㄔㄚˊ ㄅㄨˋ ㄔㄚˊ ㄦˇ

/ʈ͡ʂʰä³⁵ pu⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰä³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʰaːt̚³ pou̯³³ t͡sʰaː²¹ jiː¹³/

/ʈ͡ʂʰä³⁵ pu⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰä³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʰaːt̚³ pou̯³³ t͡sʰaː²¹ jiː¹³/

錫伯自治縣 錫伯自治縣#Chinese

(～錫伯自治縣, ～縣) Qapqal (an autonomous county of Ili prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


昭蘇

/ʈ͡ʂɑʊ̯⁵⁵ su⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰiːu̯⁵⁵ sou̯⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂɑʊ̯⁵⁵ su⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰiːu̯⁵⁵ sou̯⁵⁵/

(～縣) Zhaosu, Mongolküre (a county of Ili prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


納卯

/nä⁵¹ mɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lap̚²⁴⁻² bau⁵⁵⁴/

/nä⁵¹ mɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lap̚²⁴⁻² bau⁵⁵⁴/

(Taiwan, Philippines) Davao Region (a region of the Philippines)

(Taiwan, Philippines) (～市) Davao City (a city in the Philippines)

(Taiwan, Philippines) (～省) Davao (a former province of the Philippines)


八宿

Borrowed from Tibetan དཔའ་ཤོད (dpa' shod).

(～縣) Baxoi (a county of Chamdo, Tibet Autonomous Region, China)


湟中

/xu̯ɑŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵/

/wɔːŋ²¹ t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵/

/xu̯ɑŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵/

/wɔːŋ²¹ t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵/

(～區, formerly ～縣) Huangzhong (a district of Xining, Qinghai, China, formerly a county)


天峻

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ t͡ɕyn⁵¹/

/tʰiːn⁵⁵ t͡sɵn³³/

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ t͡ɕyn⁵¹/

/tʰiːn⁵⁵ t͡sɵn³³/

(～縣) Tianjun (a county of Haixi prefecture, Qinghai, China)


信豐

/ɕin⁵¹ fɤŋ⁵⁵/

/sɵn³³ fʊŋ⁵⁵/

/ɕin⁵¹ fɤŋ⁵⁵/

/sɵn³³ fʊŋ⁵⁵/

(～縣) Xinfeng (a county of Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China)


全南

/t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn³⁵ nän³⁵/

/t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn³⁵ nän³⁵/

Name change from similar-sounding 虔南 in 1957.

(～縣) Quannan (a county of Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China)


安遠

/ˀän⁵⁵ ɥɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ɔːn⁵⁵ jyːn¹³/

/ˀän⁵⁵ ɥɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ɔːn⁵⁵ jyːn¹³/

(～縣) Anyuan (a county of Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China)


定南

/tiŋ⁵¹ nän³⁵/

/tɪŋ²² naːm²¹/

/tiŋ⁵¹ nän³⁵/

/tɪŋ²² naːm²¹/

(～縣) Dingnan (a county of Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China)


龍南

/lʊŋ³⁵ nän³⁵/

/lʊŋ²¹ naːm²¹/

/lʊŋ³⁵ nän³⁵/

/lʊŋ²¹ naːm²¹/

(～市, formerly ～縣) Xinfeng (a county-level city and former county of Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China)


會昌

/xu̯eɪ̯⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ⁵⁵/

/wuːi̯²² t͡sʰœːŋ⁵⁵/

/xu̯eɪ̯⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ⁵⁵/

/wuːi̯²² t͡sʰœːŋ⁵⁵/

(～縣) Huichang (a county of Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China)


崇義

/ʈ͡ʂʰʊŋ³⁵ i⁵¹/

/sʊŋ²¹ jiː²²/

/ʈ͡ʂʰʊŋ³⁵ i⁵¹/

/sʊŋ²¹ jiː²²/

(～縣) Chongyi (a county of Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China)


吉隆

Borrowed from Tibetan སྐྱིད་གྲོང (skyid grong).

zh-wp

zh:吉隆鎮 (吉隆縣)

/t͡ɕi³⁵ lʊŋ³⁵/

/kɐt̚⁵ lʊŋ²¹/

/t͡ɕi³⁵ lʊŋ³⁵/

/kɐt̚⁵ lʊŋ²¹/

(～縣) Gyirong (a county of Shigatse, Tibet Autonomous Region, China)

(～鎮) Gyirong (a town in Gyirong county, Shigatse, Tibet Autonomous Region, China)


吉隆

zh:吉隆鎮 (惠東縣)

/t͡ɕi³⁵ lʊŋ³⁵/

/kɐt̚⁵ lʊŋ²¹/

/t͡ɕi³⁵ lʊŋ³⁵/

/kɐt̚⁵ lʊŋ²¹/

(～鎮) Jilong (a town in Huidong, Huizhou, Guangdong, China)


萬安

/wän⁵¹ ˀän⁵⁵/

/maːn²² ɔːn⁵⁵/

/ban²²⁻²¹ an⁴⁴/

/ban⁴¹⁻²² an³³/

/ban²²⁻²¹ an⁴⁴/

/ban³³⁻¹¹ an⁴⁴/

/ban³³⁻²¹ an⁴⁴/

/wän⁵¹ ˀän⁵⁵/

/maːn²² ɔːn⁵⁵/

/ban²²⁻²¹ an⁴⁴/

/ban⁴¹⁻²² an³³/

/ban²²⁻²¹ an⁴⁴/

/ban³³⁻¹¹ an⁴⁴/

/ban³³⁻²¹ an⁴⁴/

(～縣) Wan'an (a county of Ji'an, Jiangxi, China)


遂川

/su̯eɪ̯⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

/sɵy̯²² t͡sʰyːn⁵⁵/

/su̯eɪ̯⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

/sɵy̯²² t͡sʰyːn⁵⁵/

(～縣) Suichuan (a county of Ji'an, Jiangxi, China)


布萊梅

/pu⁵¹ laɪ̯³⁵ meɪ̯³⁵/

/pou̯³³ lɔːi̯²¹ muːi̯²¹/

/pu⁵¹ laɪ̯³⁵ meɪ̯³⁵/

/pou̯³³ lɔːi̯²¹ muːi̯²¹/

(Taiwan) Bremen (the capital city of the state of Bremen, Germany)


米佐拉姆

ㄇㄧˇ ㄗㄨㄛˇ ㄌㄚ ㄇㄨˇ

ㄇㄧˇ ㄗㄨㄛˇ ㄌㄚ ㄇㄨˇ

/mi²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡su̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ lä⁵⁵ mu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


景棟

/t͡ɕiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʊŋ⁵¹/

/kɪŋ³⁵ tʊŋ²²/

/t͡ɕiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʊŋ⁵¹/

/kɪŋ³⁵ tʊŋ²²/

Kengtung (a city in Shan State, Myanmar)


撣邦

/ʂän⁵¹ pɑŋ⁵⁵/

/siːn²² pɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/ʂän⁵¹ pɑŋ⁵⁵/

/siːn²² pɔːŋ⁵⁵/


勐海

/mɤŋ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/maːŋ¹³ hɔːi̯³⁵/

/mɤŋ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/maːŋ¹³ hɔːi̯³⁵/

(～縣) Menghai (a county of Xishuangbanna prefecture, Yunnan, China)


勐臘

/mɤŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ lä⁵¹/

/maːŋ¹³ laːp̚²/

/mɤŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ lä⁵¹/

/maːŋ¹³ laːp̚²/

(～縣) Mengla (a county of Xishuangbanna prefecture, Yunnan, China)


孟連

/mɤŋ⁵¹ li̯ɛn³⁵/

/mɤŋ⁵¹ li̯ɛn³⁵/

傣族拉祜族佤族自治縣 傣族拉祜族佤族自治縣#Chinese

(～傣族拉祜族佤族自治縣, ～縣) Menglian (an autonomous county of Pu'er, Yunnan, China)


耿馬

/kɤŋ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kɐŋ³⁵ maː¹³/

/kɤŋ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kɐŋ³⁵ maː¹³/

傣族佤族自治縣 傣族佤族自治縣#Chinese

(～傣族佤族自治縣, ～縣) Gengma (an autonomous county of Lincang, Yunnan, China)


安圖

/ˀän⁵⁵ tʰu³⁵/

/ɔːn⁵⁵ tʰou̯²¹/

/ˀän⁵⁵ tʰu³⁵/

/ɔːn⁵⁵ tʰou̯²¹/

(～縣) Antu (a county of Yanbian prefecture, Jilin, China)


汪清

/wɑŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵/

/wɔːŋ⁵⁵ t͡sʰɪŋ⁵⁵/

/wɑŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵/

/wɔːŋ⁵⁵ t͡sʰɪŋ⁵⁵/

(～縣) Wangqing (a county-level city of Yanbian prefecture, Jilin, China)


尼古拉耶夫

ㄋㄧˊ ㄍㄨˇ ㄌㄚ ㄧㄝ ㄈㄨ

ㄋㄧˊ ㄍㄨˇ ㄌㄚ ㄧㄝ ㄈㄨ

/ni³⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ lä⁵⁵ jɛ⁵⁵ fu⁵⁵/

/nei̯²¹ kuː³⁵ laːi̯⁵⁵ jɛː²¹ fuː⁵⁵/

/ni³⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ lä⁵⁵ jɛ⁵⁵ fu⁵⁵/

/nei̯²¹ kuː³⁵ laːi̯⁵⁵ jɛː²¹ fuː⁵⁵/

Mykolaiv (the capital city of Mykolaiv Oblast, Ukraine)


木爾坦

/mu⁵¹ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ tʰän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/mu⁵¹ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ tʰän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


波密

/pu̯ɔ⁵⁵ mi⁵¹/

/pɔː⁵⁵ mɐt̚²/

/pu̯ɔ⁵⁵ mi⁵¹/

/pɔː⁵⁵ mɐt̚²/

Borrowed from Tibetan སྤོ་མེས (spo mes).

(～縣) Bomê (a county of Nyingchi, Tibet Autonomous Region, China)


鎮雄

/ʈ͡ʂən⁵¹ ɕi̯ʊŋ³⁵/

/t͡sɐn³³ hʊŋ²¹/

/ʈ͡ʂən⁵¹ ɕi̯ʊŋ³⁵/

/t͡sɐn³³ hʊŋ²¹/

(～縣) Zhenxiong (a county of Zhaotong, Yunnan, China)


杭嘉湖平原

ㄏㄤˊ ㄐㄧㄚ ㄏㄨˊ ㄆㄧㄥˊ ㄩㄢˊ

ㄏㄤˊ ㄐㄧㄚ ㄏㄨˊ ㄆㄧㄥˊ ㄩㄢˊ

Ханцзяху Пинъюань

/xɑŋ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ xu³⁵ pʰiŋ³⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

/hɔːŋ²¹ kaː⁵⁵ wuː²¹ pʰɪŋ²¹ jyːn²¹/

/xɑŋ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ xu³⁵ pʰiŋ³⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

/hɔːŋ²¹ kaː⁵⁵ wuː²¹ pʰɪŋ²¹ jyːn²¹/

Hangzhou–Jiaxing–Huzhou Plain
w:Hangzhou–Jiaxing–Huzhou Plain

Hangzhou–Jiaxing–Huzhou Plain (a plain in Zhejiang, China)


佛宮

/fu̯ɔ³⁵ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

/fɐt̚² kʊŋ⁵⁵/

/put̚⁴⁻³² kiɪŋ⁴⁴/

/put̚²⁴⁻² kiɪŋ³³/

/fu̯ɔ³⁵ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

/fɐt̚² kʊŋ⁵⁵/

/put̚⁴⁻³² kiɪŋ⁴⁴/

/put̚²⁴⁻² kiɪŋ³³/


梅江

/meɪ̯³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/muːi̯²¹ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/meɪ̯³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/muːi̯²¹ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

Mei River (a tributary river of the Han River in eastern Guangdong, China)

(～區) Meijiang (a district of Meizhou, Guangdong, China)

Mei River (a tributary river of the Meihua River in western Guangdong, China)


提華納

ㄊㄧˊ ㄏㄨㄚˊ ㄋㄚˋ

ㄊㄧˊ ㄏㄨㄚˊ ㄋㄚˋ

/tʰi³⁵ xu̯ä³⁵ nä⁵¹/

/tʰi³⁵ xu̯ä³⁵ nä⁵¹/

(Taiwan) Tijuana (a city in Baja California, Mexico)


坎昆

/kʰän²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰu̯ən⁵⁵/

/kʰän²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰu̯ən⁵⁵/

(～市) Cancún (a city in Quintana Roo, Mexico)


巴西利卡塔

ㄅㄚ ㄒㄧ ㄌㄧˋ ㄎㄚˇ ㄊㄚˇ

ㄅㄚ ㄒㄧ ㄌㄧˋ ㄎㄚˇ ㄊㄚˇ

/pä⁵⁵ ɕi⁵⁵ li⁵¹ kʰä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ tʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/paː⁵⁵ sɐi̯⁵⁵ lei̯²² kʰaː⁵⁵ tʰaːp̚³/

/pä⁵⁵ ɕi⁵⁵ li⁵¹ kʰä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ tʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/paː⁵⁵ sɐi̯⁵⁵ lei̯²² kʰaː⁵⁵ tʰaːp̚³/

administrative region
administrative region

Basilicata (an administrative region of southern Italy)


景東

/t͡ɕiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/kɪŋ³⁵ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/kɪŋ³⁵ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

彝族自治縣 彝族自治縣#Chinese

(～彝族自治縣, ～縣) Jingdong (an autonomous county of Pu'er, Yunnan, China)


普利亞

/pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ li⁵¹⁻⁵³ jä⁵¹/

/pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ li⁵¹ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kʰaː⁵⁵ laːi̯⁵⁵ pou̯³³ lei̯¹³ aː³³/

/pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ li⁵¹⁻⁵³ jä⁵¹/

/pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ li⁵¹ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kʰaː⁵⁵ laːi̯⁵⁵ pou̯³³ lei̯¹³ aː³³/

Apulia (a peninsula and administrative region in southern Italy)


莫利塞

/mu̯ɔ⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹ saɪ̯⁵⁵/

/mɔːk̚² lei̯²² t͡sʰɔːi̯³³/

/mu̯ɔ⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹ saɪ̯⁵⁵/

/mɔːk̚² lei̯²² t͡sʰɔːi̯³³/

Molise (an administrative region of southern Italy)


拉吉歐

/lä⁵⁵ t͡ɕi³⁵ ˀoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/laːi̯⁵⁵ kɐt̚⁵ ɐu̯⁵⁵/

/lä⁵⁵ t͡ɕi³⁵ ˀoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/laːi̯⁵⁵ kɐt̚⁵ ɐu̯⁵⁵/

(Taiwan, Hong Kong) Lazio (an administrative region of Italy, situated in the central peninsular section of the country with Rome as its capital)


阿布魯佐

ㄚ ㄅㄨˋ ㄌㄨˇ ㄗㄨㄛˇ

ㄚ ㄅㄨˋ ㄌㄨˇ ㄗㄨㄛˇ

/ˀä⁵⁵ pu⁵¹ lu²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡su̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/aː³³ pou̯³³ lou̯¹³ t͡sɔː³³/

/ˀä⁵⁵ pu⁵¹ lu²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡su̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/aː³³ pou̯³³ lou̯¹³ t͡sɔː³³/

Abruzzo (an administrative region in central Italy)


翁布里亞

ㄨㄥ ㄅㄨˋ ㄌㄧˇ ㄧㄚˋ

ㄨㄥ ㄅㄨˋ ㄌㄧˇ ㄧㄚˇ

/wəŋ⁵⁵ pu⁵¹ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ jä⁵¹/

/wəŋ⁵⁵ pu⁵¹ li²¹⁴⁻³⁵ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/jʊŋ⁵⁵ pou̯³³ lei̯¹³ aː³³/

/wəŋ⁵⁵ pu⁵¹ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ jä⁵¹/

/wəŋ⁵⁵ pu⁵¹ li²¹⁴⁻³⁵ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/jʊŋ⁵⁵ pou̯³³ lei̯¹³ aː³³/

(Mainland China, Hong Kong) Umbria (an administrative region in central Italy)


溫布利亞

ㄨㄣ ㄅㄨˋ ㄌㄧˋ ㄧㄚˋ

ㄨㄣ ㄅㄨˋ ㄌㄧˋ ㄧㄚˇ

/wən⁵⁵ pu⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹⁻⁵³ jä⁵¹/

/wən⁵⁵ pu⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/wən⁵⁵ pu⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹⁻⁵³ jä⁵¹/

/wən⁵⁵ pu⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(Taiwan) Umbria (an administrative region in central Italy)


托斯卡尼

ㄊㄨㄛ ㄙ ㄎㄚˇ ㄋㄧˊ

ㄊㄨㄛ ㄙ ㄎㄚˇ ㄋㄧˊ

/tʰu̯ɔ⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ kʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹ ni³⁵/

/tʰɔːk̚³ siː⁵⁵ kʰaː⁵⁵ nei̯²¹/

/tʰu̯ɔ⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ kʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹ ni³⁵/

/tʰɔːk̚³ siː⁵⁵ kʰaː⁵⁵ nei̯²¹/

(Taiwan, Hong Kong) Tuscany (an administrative region of Italy, located north of Lazio and south of Emilia-Romagna)


利古里亞

ㄌㄧˋ ㄍㄨˇ ㄌㄧˇ ㄧㄚˋ

ㄌㄧˋ ㄍㄨˇ ㄌㄧˇ ㄧㄚˇ

/li⁵¹ ku²¹⁴⁻³⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ jä⁵¹/

/li⁵¹ ku²¹⁴⁻³⁵ li²¹⁴⁻³⁵ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lei̯²² kuː³⁵ lei̯¹³ aː³³/

/li⁵¹ ku²¹⁴⁻³⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ jä⁵¹/

/li⁵¹ ku²¹⁴⁻³⁵ li²¹⁴⁻³⁵ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lei̯²² kuː³⁵ lei̯¹³ aː³³/

Liguria (an administrative region of northwest Italy)


威尼托

/weɪ̯⁵⁵ ni³⁵ tʰu̯ɔ⁵⁵/

/wɐi̯⁵⁵ nei̯²¹ tʰɔːk̚³/

/weɪ̯⁵⁵ ni³⁵ tʰu̯ɔ⁵⁵/

/wɐi̯⁵⁵ nei̯²¹ tʰɔːk̚³/

Veneto (an administrative region of northern Italy, roughly corresponding to the ancient Venetia)


馬爾凱

/mä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ kʰaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/maː¹³ jiː¹³ hɔːi̯³⁵/

/mä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ kʰaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/maː¹³ jiː¹³ hɔːi̯³⁵/

(Mainland China, Hong Kong) Marche (an administrative region in central Italy)


馬凱

/mä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ kʰaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/mä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ kʰaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(Taiwan) Marche (an administrative region in central Italy)


東京灣

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ wän⁵⁵/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ kɪŋ⁵⁵ waːn⁵⁵/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ wän⁵⁵/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ kɪŋ⁵⁵ waːn⁵⁵/

東京灣事件

东京湾事件

(dated in Mainland China, current in Taiwan) Gulf of Tonkin (a gulf in northern Vietnam)


錯那

/t͡sʰu̯ɔ⁵¹⁻⁵³ nä⁵¹/

/t͡sʰɔː³³ naː¹³/

/t͡sʰu̯ɔ⁵¹⁻⁵³ nä⁵¹/

/t͡sʰɔː³³ naː¹³/

Borrowed from Tibetan མཚོ་སྣ (mtsho sna).

(～縣) Cona (a county of Shannan, Tibet Autonomous Region, China)


奧運村

/ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ yn⁵¹ t͡sʰu̯ən⁵⁵/

/ou̯³³ wɐn²² t͡sʰyːn⁵⁵/

/ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ yn⁵¹ t͡sʰu̯ən⁵⁵/

/ou̯³³ wɐn²² t͡sʰyːn⁵⁵/

(～街道) Aoyuncun (a subdistrict of Chaoyang district, Beijing, China)


橫店

/xɤŋ³⁵ ti̯ɛn⁵¹/

/xɤŋ³⁵ ti̯ɛn⁵¹/

(～鎮) Hengdian (a town in Dongyang, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China)


拜城

/paɪ̯⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/paːi̯³³ sɪŋ²¹/

/paɪ̯⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/paːi̯³³ sɪŋ²¹/

(～縣) Baicheng (a county of Aksu prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


呼圖壁

/fuː⁵⁵ tʰou̯²¹ pɪk̚⁵/

/fuː⁵⁵ tʰou̯²¹ pɪk̚⁵/

(～縣) Hutubi (a county of Changji prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


和田河

ㄏㄜˊ ㄊㄧㄢˊ ㄏㄜˊ

ㄏㄜˊ ㄊㄧㄢˊ ㄏㄜˊ

/xɤ³⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/wɔː²¹ tʰiːn²¹ hɔː²¹/

/xɤ³⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/wɔː²¹ tʰiːn²¹ hɔː²¹/

Hotan River (a river in the Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


蒲犁

/pʰou̯²¹ lɐi̯²¹/

/pʰou̯²¹ lɐi̯²¹/

(historical) Puli (an ancient kingdom in the Xinjiang autonomous region)

(historical) (～縣) Puli (a former county of Xinjiang, China; now Taxkorgan Tajik Autonomous County)


星星峽

ㄒㄧㄥ ㄒㄧㄥ ㄒㄧㄚˊ

ㄒㄧㄥ ㄒㄧㄥ ㄒㄧㄚˊ

/ɕiŋ⁵⁵ ɕiŋ⁵⁵ ɕi̯ä³⁵/

/ɕiŋ⁵⁵ ɕiŋ⁵⁵ ɕi̯ä³⁵/

(～鎮) Xingxingxia (a town in Yizhou district, Hami, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)

Xingxingxia (a mountain pass in the Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


福海

/fu³⁵ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/fʊk̚⁵ hɔːi̯³⁵/

/fu³⁵ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/fʊk̚⁵ hɔːi̯³⁵/

(～縣) Fuhai (a county of Altay prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


三描禮士

ㄙㄢ ㄇㄧㄠˊ ㄌㄧˇ ㄕˋ

ㄙㄢ ㄇㄧㄠˊ ㄌㄧˇ ㄕˋ

/sän⁵⁵ mi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/sän⁵⁵ mi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

(～省) Zambales (a province of Central Luzon, Luzon, Philippines)


囊謙

/nɑŋ³⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/nɔːŋ²¹ hiːm⁵⁵/

/nɑŋ³⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/nɔːŋ²¹ hiːm⁵⁵/

Borrowed from Tibetan ནང་ཆེན (nang chen).

(～縣) Nangqên (a county of Yushu prefecture, Qinghai, China)


中海

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Zhonghai (a lake in Zhongnanhai, Xicheng district, Beijing, China)


梁河

/li̯ɑŋ³⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/lœːŋ²¹ hɔː²¹/

/li̯ɑŋ³⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/lœːŋ²¹ hɔː²¹/

(～縣) Lianghe (a county of Dehong prefecture, Yunnan, China)


瑪多

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ tu̯ɔ⁵⁵/

/maː¹³ tɔː⁵⁵/

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ tu̯ɔ⁵⁵/

/maː¹³ tɔː⁵⁵/

Borrowed from Tibetan རྨ་སྟོད (rma stod).

(～縣) Madoi (a county of Golog prefecture, Qinghai, China)


疏附

/sɔː⁵⁵ fuː²²/

/sɔː⁵⁵ fuː²²/

(～縣) Shufu (a county of Kashgar prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


菜市口

/t͡sʰaɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹ kʰoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʰaɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹ kʰoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Caishikou (a neighbourhood of Xicheng district, Beijing, China)


貢嘎

/kʊŋ⁵¹ kä³⁵/

/kʊŋ³³ kaː⁵⁵/

/kʊŋ⁵¹ kä³⁵/

/kʊŋ³³ kaː⁵⁵/

Borrowed from Tibetan གོང་དཀར (gong dkar).

(～縣) Gonggar (a county of Shannan, Tibet Autonomous Region, China)


盈江

/iŋ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/jɪŋ²¹ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/iŋ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/jɪŋ²¹ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

Named after 大盈江 (Dàyíngjiāng) which flows through the county in 1952.

(～縣) Yingjiang (a county of Dehong prefecture, Yunnan, China)


紅原

/xʊŋ³⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

/hʊŋ²¹ jyːn²¹/

/xʊŋ³⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

/hʊŋ²¹ jyːn²¹/

(～縣) Hongyuan (a county of Ngawa prefecture, Sichuan, China)


稱多

/ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ⁵⁵ tu̯ɔ⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰɪŋ⁵⁵ tɔː⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ⁵⁵ tu̯ɔ⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰɪŋ⁵⁵ tɔː⁵⁵/

Borrowed from Tibetan ཁྲི་འདུ (khri 'du).

(～縣) Chindu (a county of Yushu prefecture, Qinghai, China)


勐拉

/mɤŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ lä⁵⁵/

/mɤŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ lä⁵⁵/

Mong La (a town, the administrative seat of Mong La, Shan State, Myanmar)


小勐拉

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ mɤŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ lä⁵⁵/

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ mɤŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ lä⁵⁵/

Mong La (a principal town in Mong La, Shan State, Myanmar)


蛤蟆塘

/xä³⁵ mä³ tʰɑŋ³⁵/

/xä³⁵ mä³ tʰɑŋ³⁵/

(～鎮) (historical) Hamatang (a town in Dandong, Liaoning, China)


前海

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn³⁵ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʰiːn²¹ hɔːi̯³⁵/

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn³⁵ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʰiːn²¹ hɔːi̯³⁵/

Qianhai (a lake in the Shichahai area in Xicheng district, Beijing, China)

深港現代服務業合作區 深港現代服務業合作區#Chinese

w:Qianhai Shenzhen-Hong Kong Modern Service Industry Cooperation Zone

(～深港現代服務業合作區) Qianhai Shenzhen-Hong Kong Modern Service Industry Cooperation Zone (an area of Nanshan district, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China)


巴里坤

/pä⁵⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰu̯ən⁵⁵/

/paː⁵⁵ lei̯¹³ kʷʰɐn⁵⁵/

/pä⁵⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰu̯ən⁵⁵/

/paː⁵⁵ lei̯¹³ kʷʰɐn⁵⁵/

Borrowed from Manchu ᠪᠠᡵ
ᡴᡠᠯ (bar kul), from Written Oirat ᡋᠠᠷ
ᡍᡉᠯ (bar kül); may be ultimately derived from a Turkic word in the form of *bars-köl meaning "tiger lake" (Li, 1999). Compare Chagatai بارکول (bār-kȫl), Uyghur باركۆل / Баркөл (Barköl), Kazakh باركول / Баркөл (Barköl).
Compare 婆悉 (MC ba sit) in 婆悉海, the Tang dynasty name for Barkol Lake, and perhaps 蒲類 (OC *baː ruds), the name of an ancient kingdom near Barkol Lake during the Han dynasty (ibid.).

ncog

Uyghur باركۆل

Kazakh باركول

巴爾庫勒

Qing-era strict Manchu–Oirat transliteration

哈薩克自治縣 哈薩克自治縣#Chinese

(～哈薩克自治縣, ～縣) Barköl, Barkol (an autonomous county of Hami, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)

(～鎮) Barkol (a town in Barkol County, Hami, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


和闐河

ㄏㄜˊ ㄊㄧㄢˊ ㄏㄜˊ

ㄏㄜˊ ㄊㄧㄢˊ ㄏㄜˊ

/xɤ³⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/wɔː²¹ tʰiːn²¹ hɔː²¹/

/xɤ³⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/wɔː²¹ tʰiːn²¹ hɔː²¹/

Old name for 和田河 (Hétiánhé, “Hotan River (a river in the Xinjiang autonomous region, China)”).


實皆

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛ⁵⁵/

/sɐt̚² kaːi̯⁵⁵/

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛ⁵⁵/

/sɐt̚² kaːi̯⁵⁵/

Sagaing (the capital of the Sagaing Region, Myanmar)


宛平

/wän²¹⁴⁻²¹ pʰiŋ³⁵/

/jyːn³⁵ pʰɪŋ²¹/

/wän²¹⁴⁻²¹ pʰiŋ³⁵/

/jyːn³⁵ pʰɪŋ²¹/

(～縣) (historical) Wanping (a former county of Hebei, China)

(～城) Wanping Fortress (a fortress in Beijing, China)


托克遜

ㄊㄨㄛ ㄎㄜˋ ㄒㄩㄣˋ

ㄊㄨㄛ ㄎㄜˋ ㄒㄩㄣˋ

/tʰu̯ɔ⁵⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕyn⁵¹/

/tʰɔːk̚³ hɐk̚⁵ sɵn³³/

/tʰu̯ɔ⁵⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕyn⁵¹/

/tʰɔːk̚³ hɐk̚⁵ sɵn³³/

(～縣) Toksun, Tuokexun (a county of Turpan prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)

(～鎮) Toksun, Tuokexun (a town in Toksun, Turpan prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)

(～鄉) Toksun, Tuokexun (a township in Baicheng, Aksu prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


沙坡頭

→ English: Shapotou

/ʂä⁵⁵ pʰu̯ɔ⁵⁵ tʰoʊ̯³⁵/

/saː⁵⁵ pɔː⁵⁵ tʰɐu̯²¹/

/ʂä⁵⁵ pʰu̯ɔ⁵⁵ tʰoʊ̯³⁵/

/saː⁵⁵ pɔː⁵⁵ tʰɐu̯²¹/

(～區) Shapotou (a district of Zhongwei, Ningxia autonomous region, China)


列城

/li̯ɛ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/liːt̚² sɪŋ²¹/

/li̯ɛ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/liːt̚² sɪŋ²¹/

Leh (a town in Leh district, Ladakh, India)


臘戍

/lä⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂu⁵¹/

/lä⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂu⁵¹/


昔馬

/ɕi⁵⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ɕi³⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ɕi⁵⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ɕi³⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(～鎮) Xima (a town in Yingjiang, Dehong, Yunnan, China)


片馬

/pʰi̯ɛn⁵¹ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pʰiːn³³ maː¹³/

/pʰi̯ɛn⁵¹ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pʰiːn³³ maː¹³/

(～鎮) Pianma (a town in Lushui, Nujiang prefecture, Yunnan, China)


薩爾圖

/sä⁵¹ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰu³⁵/

/saːt̚³ jiː¹³ tʰou̯²¹/

/sä⁵¹ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰu³⁵/

/saːt̚³ jiː¹³ tʰou̯²¹/

(～區) Sartu (a district of Daqing, Harbin, China)


谷當

/ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ tɑŋ⁵⁵/

/kʊk̚⁵ tɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ tɑŋ⁵⁵/

/kʊk̚⁵ tɔːŋ⁵⁵/

(～埠) (obsolete) Cooktown (a town in Queensland, Australia)


灣城

/wän⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/waːn⁵⁵ sɪŋ²¹/

/wän⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/waːn⁵⁵ sɪŋ²¹/

2016 January 16, “闖拉美 CH01 古巴” (33m41s from the start), in 華人移民史, RTHK:

"It seems like no one sells bittermelons in Cuba now, right?" "Havana has nothing."

“jan¹ wai⁴ hai² gu² baa¹ hou² ci⁵ mou⁵ fu² gwaa¹ maai⁶ gam² aa³, ji⁴ gaa¹?” “waan¹ sing⁴ mat¹ dou¹ mou⁵.”

「因爲喺古巴好似冇苦瓜賣噉呀，而家？」「灣城乜都冇。」

「因为喺古巴好似冇苦瓜卖噉呀，而家？」「湾城乜都冇。」

(dated) Havana (a city, the capital city of Cuba)


民成李祐

ㄇㄧㄣˊ ㄔㄥˊ ㄌㄧˇ ㄧㄡˋ

ㄇㄧㄣˊ ㄔㄥˊ ㄌㄧˇ ㄧㄡˋ

/min³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ joʊ̯⁵¹/

/mɐn²¹ sɪŋ²¹ lei̯¹³ jɐu̯²²/

/min³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ joʊ̯⁵¹/

/mɐn²¹ sɪŋ²¹ lei̯¹³ jɐu̯²²/

Borrowed from Spanish Manzanillo, via Cantonese.

(～埠) (obsolete) Manzanillo (a city in Colima, Mexico)


蘇洛

/su⁵⁵ lu̯ɔ⁵¹/

/sɔ³³ lɔk̚²⁴/

/su⁵⁵ lu̯ɔ⁵¹/

/sɔ³³ lɔk̚²⁴/

(obsolete) alternative form of 蘇祿 /苏禄 (Sūlù, “Sulu (a province of the Philippines)”)


鎮康

/ʈ͡ʂən⁵¹ kʰɑŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sɐn³³ hɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂən⁵¹ kʰɑŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sɐn³³ hɔːŋ⁵⁵/

(～縣) Zhenkang (a county of Lincang, Yunnan, China)


邦康

/pɑŋ⁵⁵ kʰɑŋ⁵⁵/

/pɑŋ⁵⁵ kʰɑŋ⁵⁵/

Pangkham (a border town in Shan State, Myanmar; de facto capital of Wa State)


南傘

/nän³⁵ sän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/nän³⁵ sän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(～鎮) Nansan (a town in Zhenkang, Lincang, Yunnan, China)


古爾班通古特

ㄍㄨˇ ㄦˇ ㄅㄢ ㄊㄨㄥ ㄍㄨˇ ㄊㄜˋ

ㄍㄨˇ ㄦˇ ㄅㄢ ㄊㄨㄥ ㄍㄨˇ ㄊㄜˋ

Гуэрбаньтунгутэ

/ku²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ pän⁵⁵ tʰʊŋ⁵⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰɤ⁵¹/

(～沙漠) Gurbantünggüt (a desert in the Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


亞虞山

/a⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ ɡu²⁴⁻²² san³³/

/a⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ ɡu²⁴⁻²² san³³/

From either Cebuano Agusan or Butuanon Agusan.

Agusan del Norte
Agusan del Norte#English

(～省) (Philippine Hokkien) either of the provinces of Agusan del Norte (a province of the Philippines) or Agusan del Sur (a province of the Philippines)

(～省) (Philippine Hokkien, historical) Agusan (a former province of the Philippines)

(Philippine Hokkien) Agusan River (a river in the Philippines) and/or the area across its drainage basin


務端

/u⁵¹ tu̯än⁵⁵/

/u⁵¹ tu̯än⁵⁵/

From either Cebuano Butuan or Butuanon Butuan.

(～市) (Philippines) Butuan (a city in Caraga, Philippines)


練江

/li̯ɛn⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/liːn²² kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/li̯ɛn⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/liːn²² kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

Lian River (a river in Guangdong, China)


榕江

/ʐʊŋ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/jʊŋ²¹ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/ioŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ kaŋ³³/

/ʐʊŋ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/jʊŋ²¹ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/ioŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ kaŋ³³/

w:Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture

(～縣) Rongjiang (a county of Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture, Guizhou, China)

Rong River (a river in Guangdong, China)


市橋

/ʂʐ̩⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵/

/siː¹³ kʰiːu̯²¹/

/ʂʐ̩⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵/

/siː¹³ kʰiːu̯²¹/

(～街道) Shiqiao (a subdistrict of Panyu district, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China)


萬州

/wän⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/maːn²² t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/wän⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/maːn²² t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

(～區) Wanzhou (a district of Chongqing, China)


萬縣

→ English: Wanhsien, Wanxian

/wän⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/wän⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

Wanxian, Wan County (a former county of Sichuan, China)


大沽

→ English: Dagu, Taku

/taːi̯²² kuː⁵⁵/

/taːi̯²² kuː⁵⁵/

(～街道) Dagu (a subdistrict of Binhai district, Tianjin, China)


大沽口

/tä⁵¹ ku⁵⁵ kʰoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/taːi̯²² kuː⁵⁵ hɐu̯³⁵/

/tä⁵¹ ku⁵⁵ kʰoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/taːi̯²² kuː⁵⁵ hɐu̯³⁵/

Dagukou (an area of Binhai district, Tianjin, China, where the Taku Forts are located)


蓋馬高原

ㄍㄞˋ ㄇㄚˇ ㄍㄠ ㄩㄢˊ

ㄍㄞˋ ㄇㄚˇ ㄍㄠ ㄩㄢˊ

Гайма Гаоюань

/kaɪ̯⁵¹ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

/kaɪ̯⁵¹ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

Kaema Plateau (a highland in North Korea)


三陟

/sän⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/sän⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹/


高麗營

/kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ li³⁵ iŋ³⁵/

/kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ li³⁵ iŋ³⁵/

(～鎮) Gaoliying (a town in Shunyi district, Beijing, China)


三元里

/sän⁵⁵ ɥɛn³⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/saːm⁵⁵ jyːn²¹ lei̯¹³⁻³⁵/

/sän⁵⁵ ɥɛn³⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/saːm⁵⁵ jyːn²¹ lei̯¹³⁻³⁵/

Sanyuanli (a neighbourhood of Baiyun district, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China)


諾門罕

ㄋㄨㄛˋ ㄇㄣˊ ㄏㄢˇ

ㄋㄨㄛˋ ㄇㄣˊ ㄏㄢˇ

/nu̯ɔ⁵¹ mən³⁵ xän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/nu̯ɔ⁵¹ mən³⁵ xän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Transliteration of Manchu ᠨᠣᠮᡠᠨ
ᡥᠠᠨ (nomun han), from Classical Mongolian ᠨᠣᠮᠤᠨ
ᠬᠠᠨ (nomun qan, “Yama; Nomonhan”).

der

諾門罕戰役

诺门罕战役

New Barag Left Banner
New Barag Left Banner#English

Nuomenhan (an area of New Barag Left Banner, Hulunbuir, Inner Mongolia autonomous region, China)


宜川

/i³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

/jiː²¹ t͡sʰyːn⁵⁵/

/i³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

/jiː²¹ t͡sʰyːn⁵⁵/

(～縣) Yichuan (a county of Yan'an, Shaanxi, China)


四九

/sz̩⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sei̯³³ kɐu̯³⁵/

/sz̩⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sei̯³³ kɐu̯³⁵/

From 四九墟 (literally “fourth-&-ninth market”), as locals gather for trade on the fourth and ninth days of each lunar month.

(～鎮) Sijiu (a town in Taishan, Jiangmen, Guangdong, China)


坪石

/pʰiŋ³⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/pʰɪŋ²¹ sɛːk̚²/

/pʰiŋ³⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/pʰɪŋ²¹ sɛːk̚²/

(～鎮) Pingshi (a town in Lechang, Shaoguan, Guangdong, China)


奧斯納布呂克

Àosīnàbùlǚkè

ㄠˋ ㄙ ㄋㄚˋ ㄅㄨˋ ㄌㄩˇ ㄎㄜˋ

Àosīnàbùlǚkè

ㄠˋ ㄙ ㄋㄚˋ ㄅㄨˋ ㄌㄩˇ ㄎㄜˋ

Аосынабулюйкэ

/ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹ sz̩⁵⁵ nä⁵¹⁻⁵³ pu⁵¹ ly²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰɤ⁵¹/

(～市) Osnabrück (a city in Lower Saxony, Germany)


馬什哈德

ㄇㄚˇ ㄕˊ ㄏㄚ ㄉㄜˊ

ㄇㄚˇ ㄕˊ ㄏㄚ ㄉㄜˊ

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵ xä⁵⁵ tɤ³⁵/

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵ xä⁵⁵ tɤ³⁵/


車車爾勒格

ㄔㄜ ㄔㄜ ㄦˇ ㄌㄜˋ ㄍㄜˊ

ㄔㄜ ㄔㄜ ㄦˇ ㄌㄜˋ ㄍㄜˊ

/ʈ͡ʂʰɤ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤ⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ lɤ⁵¹ kɤ³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɤ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤ⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ lɤ⁵¹ kɤ³⁵/

Borrowed from Mongolian Цэцэрлэг (Cecerleg), from Classical Mongolian ᠴᠡᠴᠡᠷᠯᠢᠭ (čečerlig, “garden; park”).

cog

Tsetserleg (the capital city of Arkhangai, Mongolia)


溫都爾汗

ㄨㄣ ㄉㄨ ㄦˇ ㄏㄢˊ

ㄨㄣ ㄉㄨ ㄦˇ ㄏㄢˊ

Вэньдуэрхань

/wən⁵⁵ tu⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ xän³⁵/

/wən⁵⁵ tu⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ xän³⁵/

Borrowed from Mongolian Өндөрхаан (Öndörxaan).

Öndörkhaan (the capital city of Khentii, Mongolia)


渠舊

/t͡ɕʰy³⁵ t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵¹/

/t͡ɕʰy³⁵ t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵¹/

(～鎮) Qujiu (a town in Fusui, Chongzuo, Guangxi autonomous region, China)


哈拉湖

/xä⁵⁵ lä⁵⁵ xu³⁵/

/xä⁵⁵ lä⁵⁵ xu³⁵/


三道嶺

/sän⁵⁵ tɑʊ̯⁵¹ liŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sän⁵⁵ tɑʊ̯⁵¹ liŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(～鎮) Sandaoling (a town in Yizhou district, Hami, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


百靈廟

ㄅㄞˇ ㄌㄧㄥˊ ㄇㄧㄠˋ

ㄅㄞˇ ㄌㄧㄥˊ ㄇㄧㄠˋ

/paɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ liŋ³⁵ mi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/paɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ liŋ³⁵ mi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/

Darhan Muminggan United Banner
w:Darhan Muminggan United Banner

(～鎮) Bailingmiao (a town in Darhan Muminggan United Banner, Baotou, Inner Mongolia autonomous region, China; where the aforementioned temple is located)


額濟納

/ˀɤ³⁵ t͡ɕi⁵¹⁻⁵³ nä⁵¹/

/ŋaːk̚² t͡sɐi̯³³ naːp̚²/

/ˀɤ³⁵ t͡ɕi⁵¹⁻⁵³ nä⁵¹/

/ŋaːk̚² t͡sɐi̯³³ naːp̚²/

From Mongolian ᠡᠵᠡᠨᠡ (eǰen-e), from Tangut [Term?].

(～旗) Ejin (a banner in Alxa League, Inner Mongolia autonomous region, China)


本京

/pən²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵/

/puŋ⁵²⁻³⁵ kĩã³³/

/pən²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵/

/puŋ⁵²⁻³⁵ kĩã³³/

(Thailand) Bangkok (the capital city of Thailand)


虹口

→ English: Hongkew, Hongkou

/xʊŋ³⁵ kʰoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/hʊŋ²¹ hɐu̯³⁵/

/ɦoŋ²² kʰɤ⁴⁴/

/xʊŋ³⁵ kʰoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/hʊŋ²¹ hɐu̯³⁵/

/ɦoŋ²² kʰɤ⁴⁴/

(～區) Hongkou (a district of Shanghai, China)

(～港) Hongkou Creek (a river in Shanghai, China)


傑里科

/t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰɤ⁵⁵/

/kiːt̚² lei̯¹³ fɔː⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰɤ⁵⁵/

/kiːt̚² lei̯¹³ fɔː⁵⁵/

(Mainland China) Jericho (a city in the West Bank, Palestine)


梁山

/li̯ɑŋ³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/lœːŋ²¹ saːn⁵⁵/

/li̯ɑŋ³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/lœːŋ²¹ saːn⁵⁵/

Mount Liang (a mountain in Shandong, China)

Liangshan County (a county of Shandong, China)


澀谷

/sɤ⁵¹ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/səʔ³³ koʔ⁴⁴/

/sɤ⁵¹ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/səʔ³³ koʔ⁴⁴/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 渋(しぶ)谷(や) (Shibuya). The popular Cantonese reading is based on reading 渋 as the graphically similar 涉 (sip3).

(～區) Shibuya (one of 23 special wards in Tokyo prefecture, Japan)


清川江

Цинчуаньцзян

/t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

Chongchon River (a river in North Korea)


上川島

/ʂɑŋ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sœːŋ²² t͡sʰyːn⁵⁵ tou̯³⁵/

/ʂɑŋ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sœːŋ²² t͡sʰyːn⁵⁵ tou̯³⁵/

Shangchuan Island (an island of Taishan, Jiangmen, Guangdong, China)


下川島

ㄒㄧㄚˋ ㄔㄨㄢ ㄉㄠˇ

ㄒㄧㄚˋ ㄔㄨㄢ ㄉㄠˇ

/ɕi̯ä⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/haː²² t͡sʰyːn⁵⁵ tou̯³⁵/

/ɕi̯ä⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/haː²² t͡sʰyːn⁵⁵ tou̯³⁵/

Xiachuan Island (an island of Taishan, Jiangmen, Guangdong, China)


木斯塘

/mu⁵¹ sz̩⁵⁵ tʰɑŋ³⁵/

/mu⁵¹ sz̩⁵⁵ tʰɑŋ³⁵/


華坪

/xu̯ä³⁵ pʰiŋ³⁵/

/waː²¹ pʰɪŋ²¹/

/xu̯ä³⁵ pʰiŋ³⁵/

/waː²¹ pʰɪŋ²¹/

(～縣) Huaping (a county of Lijiang, Yunnan, China)


信州

→ English: Xinzhou

/ɕin⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/ɕin⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

(historical) Xinzhou (a historical state in China; modern Chongqing)

(～區) Xinzhou (a district of Shangrao, Jiangxi, China)


績溪

/t͡ɕi⁵¹ ɕi⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕi⁵⁵ ɕi⁵⁵/

/t͡sɪk̚⁵ kʰɐi̯⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕi⁵¹ ɕi⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕi⁵⁵ ɕi⁵⁵/

/t͡sɪk̚⁵ kʰɐi̯⁵⁵/

(～縣) Jixi (a county of Xuancheng, Anhui, China)


休寧

/ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵ niŋ³⁵/

/jɐu̯⁵⁵ nɪŋ²¹/

/ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵ niŋ³⁵/

/jɐu̯⁵⁵ nɪŋ²¹/

(～縣) Xiuning (a county of Huangshan, Anhui, China)


黟縣

/i⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/i⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

Yi County (a county of Huangshan, Anhui, China)


旌德

/t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ tɤ³⁵/

/t͡sɪŋ⁵⁵ tɐk̚⁵/

/t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ tɤ³⁵/

/t͡sɪŋ⁵⁵ tɐk̚⁵/

(～縣) Jingde (a county of Xuancheng, Anhui, China)


浮梁

/fu³⁵ li̯ɑŋ³⁵/

/fɐu̯²¹ lœːŋ²¹/

/fu³⁵ li̯ɑŋ³⁵/

/fɐu̯²¹ lœːŋ²¹/

(～縣) Fuliang (a county of Jingdezhen, Anhui, China)


五經富

/u²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ fu⁵¹/

/ŋ̍¹³ kɪŋ⁵⁵ fuː³³/

/ŋou⁵²⁻³⁵ kẽ³³⁻²³ pʰou²¹³/

/u²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ fu⁵¹/

/ŋ̍¹³ kɪŋ⁵⁵ fuː³³/

/ŋou⁵²⁻³⁵ kẽ³³⁻²³ pʰou²¹³/

(～鎮) Wujingfu (a town in Jiexi, Jieyang, Guangdong, China)


阿合奇

/ˀä⁵⁵ xɤ³⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/aː³³ hɐp̚² kʰei̯²¹/

/ˀä⁵⁵ xɤ³⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/aː³³ hɐp̚² kʰei̯²¹/

(～縣) Akqi (a county of Kizilsu prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


布爾津

/pu⁵¹ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/

/pou̯³³ jiː¹³ t͡sɵn⁵⁵/

/pu⁵¹ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/

/pou̯³³ jiː¹³ t͡sɵn⁵⁵/

(～縣) Burqin (a county of Altay prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


和布克賽爾

ㄏㄜˊ ㄅㄨˋ ㄎㄜˋ ㄙㄞˋ ㄦˇ

ㄏㄜˊ ㄅㄨˋ ㄎㄜˋ ㄙㄞˋ ㄦˇ

/xɤ³⁵ pu⁵¹⁻⁵³ kʰɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ saɪ̯⁵¹ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

蒙古自治縣 蒙古自治縣#Chinese

(～蒙古自治縣, ～縣) Hoboksar (an autonomous county of Tacheng prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


河姆渡

/xɤ³⁵ mu²¹⁴⁻²¹ tu⁵¹/

/hɔː²¹ mou̯¹³ tou̯²²/

/xɤ³⁵ mu²¹⁴⁻²¹ tu⁵¹/

/hɔː²¹ mou̯¹³ tou̯²²/

(～鎮) Hemudu (a town in Yuyao, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China)


黔江

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/kʰiːm²¹ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/kʰiːm²¹ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

(～區) Qianjiang (a district of Chongqing, China)

Qian River (a tributary of the Yu River in Guangxi autonomous region, China; part of the Xi River system)


烏達

(～區) Wuda District (a district of Wuhai, Inner Mongolia autonomous region, China)


博湖

/pu̯ɔ³⁵ xu³⁵/

/pɔːk̚³ wuː²¹/

/pu̯ɔ³⁵ xu³⁵/

/pɔːk̚³ wuː²¹/

(～縣) Bohu (a county of Bayingolin prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


馬瑙斯

/mä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ nɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ sz̩⁵⁵/

/mä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ nɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ sz̩⁵⁵/

Manaus (a municipality, the state capital of Amazonas, Brazil)


主堂

/ʈ͡ʂu²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰɑŋ³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂu²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰɑŋ³⁵/

(Catholicism) short for 天主堂 (tiānzhǔtáng, “Catholic church”)


魚峰

/jyː²¹ fʊŋ⁵⁵/

/jyː²¹ fʊŋ⁵⁵/

(～區) Yufeng (a district of Liuzhou, Guangxi autonomous region, China)


邁亞美

/maɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ jä⁵¹ meɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/maɪ̯⁵¹ jä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ meɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/maːi̯²² aː³³ mei̯¹³/

/maɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ jä⁵¹ meɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/maɪ̯⁵¹ jä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ meɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/maːi̯²² aː³³ mei̯¹³/

(Hong Kong) Miami (a city in Florida, United States)


普斯科夫

/pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ sz̩⁵⁵ kʰɤ⁵⁵ fu⁵⁵/

/pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ sz̩⁵⁵ kʰɤ⁵⁵ fu⁵⁵/

Pskov (a city, the administrative center of Pskov Oblast, Russia)


頓河

/tu̯ən⁵¹ xɤ³⁵/

/tu̯ən⁵¹ xɤ³⁵/

Don (a river, the fifth-longest in Europe, in Tula, Lipetsk, Voronezh, Volgograd and Rostov Oblasts, Russia, flowing 1160 miles to the Sea of Azov)


頓河

/tu̯ən⁵¹ xɤ³⁵/

/tu̯ən⁵¹ xɤ³⁵/

zh-wp

zh:頓河 (維萊訥河支流)

Pays de la Loire
Pays de la Loire#English

Don (a tributary of the Vilaine, Loire-Atlantique department, Pays de la Loire, France)


獅泉河

/ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn³⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/siː⁵⁵ t͡sʰyːn²¹ hɔː²¹/

/ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn³⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/siː⁵⁵ t͡sʰyːn²¹ hɔː²¹/

Calque of Tibetan སེང་གེ་ཁ་འབབ (seng ge kha 'bab).

cal

སེང་གེ་ཁ་འབབ

Sênggê Zangbo (a river in Ngari prefecture, Tibet Autonomous Region, China; the upper course of the Indus River)

(～鎮) Shiquanhe (a town in Gar County, Ngari prefecture, Tibet Autonomous Region, China)


象泉河

ㄒㄧㄤˋ ㄑㄩㄢˊ ㄏㄜˊ

ㄒㄧㄤˋ ㄑㄩㄢˊ ㄏㄜˊ

/ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵¹ t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn³⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/t͡sœːŋ²² t͡sʰyːn²¹ hɔː²¹/

/ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵¹ t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn³⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/t͡sœːŋ²² t͡sʰyːn²¹ hɔː²¹/

Calque of Tibetan གླང་ཆེན་གཙང་པོ (glang chen gtsang po).

གླང་ཆེན་གཙང་པོ

Langqên Zangbo (a river, the upper course of the Sutlej River in Ngari prefecture, Tibet autonomous region, China)


白朗

/paɪ̯³⁵ lɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/paːk̚² lɔːŋ¹³/

/paɪ̯³⁵ lɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/paːk̚² lɔːŋ¹³/

(～縣) Bainang (a county of Shigatse, Tibet Autonomous Region, China)


年楚河

ㄋㄧㄢˊ ㄔㄨˇ ㄏㄜˊ

ㄋㄧㄢˊ ㄔㄨˇ ㄏㄜˊ

/ni̯ɛn³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ xɤ³⁵/

/niːn²¹ t͡sʰɔː³⁵ hɔː²¹/

/ni̯ɛn³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ xɤ³⁵/

/niːn²¹ t͡sʰɔː³⁵ hɔː²¹/

From Tibetan མྱང་ཆུ (myang chu) + 河 (hé, “river”).

Nyang Qu (a tributary of the Yarlung Tsangpo in Shigatse, Tibet autonomous region, China)


松都

/sʊŋ⁵⁵ tu⁵⁵/

/sʊŋ⁵⁵ tu⁵⁵/

In reference to the pine trees of the nearby mountain 松岳山, when the city was the capital of Korea under the Goryeo dynasty.

In Kaesong was a fellow [named] Scholar Yi. He lived by the Camel Bridge and he was eighteen years old.

late 15th c., 金時習 (Kim Si-seup), 《李生窺牆傳》, 《金鰲新話》

Songdo yu Yi saeng ja, geo Naktagyo ji cheuk, nyeon sippal.

松都有^李生者，居^駱駝橋之側，年十八。

(poetic) Kaesong (a city in North Korea)


唐汪

/tʰɑŋ³⁵ wɑŋ⁵⁵/

/tʰɑŋ³⁵ wɑŋ⁵⁵/

Dongxiang Autonomous County
Dongxiang Autonomous County#English

(～鎮) Tangwang (a town in Dongxiang Autonomous County, Linxia prefecture, Gansu, China)


東鄉族自治縣

ㄉㄨㄥ ㄒㄧㄤ ㄗㄨˊ ㄗˋ ㄓˋ ㄒㄧㄢˋ

ㄉㄨㄥ ㄒㄧㄤ ㄗㄨˊ ㄗˋ ㄓˋ ㄒㄧㄢˋ

Дунсянцзу Цзычжисянь

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ t͡su³⁵ t͡sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ hœːŋ⁵⁵ t͡sʊk̚² t͡siː²² t͡siː²² jyːn²²/

Dongxiang Autonomous County
w:Dongxiang Autonomous County

Dongxiang Autonomous County (an autonomous county of Linxia prefecture, Gansu, China)


新和

/ɕin⁵⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/sɐn⁵⁵ wɔː²¹/

/ɕin⁵⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/sɐn⁵⁵ wɔː²¹/

(～縣) Xinhe (a county of Aksu prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


哈卡斯

/xä⁵⁵ kʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹ sz̩⁵⁵/

/xä⁵⁵ kʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹ sz̩⁵⁵/


赤溪

/ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵¹ ɕi⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰɛːk̚³ kʰɐi̯⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵¹ ɕi⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰɛːk̚³ kʰɐi̯⁵⁵/

(～鎮) Chixi (a town in Taishan, Jiangmen, Guangdong, China)

(～鎮) Chixi (a town in Jiaocheng district, Ningde, Fujian, China)

(～街道) Chixi (a town in Lanxi, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China)


察雅

/ʈ͡ʂʰä³⁵ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʰaːt̚³ ŋaː¹³/

/ʈ͡ʂʰä³⁵ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʰaːt̚³ ŋaː¹³/

Borrowed from Tibetan བྲག་གཡབ (brag g.yab).

(～縣) Zhag'yab (a county of Chamdo, Tibet Autonomous Region, China)


丹巴

/tän⁵⁵ pä⁵⁵/

/tän⁵⁵ pä⁵⁵/

(～縣) Danba (a county of Garzê prefecture, Sichuan, China)


鄉城

/ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/hœːŋ⁵⁵ sɪŋ²¹/

/ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/hœːŋ⁵⁵ sɪŋ²¹/

(～縣) Xiangcheng (a county of Garzê prefecture, Sichuan, China)


棉花嶼

/mi̯ɛn³⁵ xu̯ä⁵⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/mi̯ɛn³⁵ xu̯ä⁵⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Mianhua Islet (an islet of Zhongzheng district, Keelung, Taiwan)


良渚

/li̯ɑŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lœːŋ²¹ t͡syː³⁵/

/li̯ɑŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lœːŋ²¹ t͡syː³⁵/

(～街道, formerly ～鎮) Liangzhu (a subdistrict, a former town in Yuhang district, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China)


鐵原

/tʰi̯ɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɥɛn³⁵/

/tʰi̯ɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɥɛn³⁵/

(～郡) Cheorwon (a county of Gangwon Province, South Korea)

(～郡) Chorwon (a county of Kangwon Province, North Korea)


中甸

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ ti̯ɛn⁵¹/

/t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ tiːn²²/

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ ti̯ɛn⁵¹/

/t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ tiːn²²/

(historical) (～縣) Zhongdian (a former county of Diqing prefecture, Yunnan, China; now Shangri-La City)


富拉爾基

ㄈㄨˋ ㄌㄚ ㄦˇ ㄐㄧ

ㄈㄨˋ ㄌㄚ ㄦˇ ㄐㄧ

/fu⁵¹ lä⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi⁵⁵/

/fuː³³ laːi̯⁵⁵ jiː¹³ kei̯⁵⁵/

/fu⁵¹ lä⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi⁵⁵/

/fuː³³ laːi̯⁵⁵ jiː¹³ kei̯⁵⁵/

(～區) Fularji (a district of Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, China)


昂昂溪

/ˀɑŋ³⁵ ˀɑŋ³⁵ ɕi⁵⁵/

/ŋɔːŋ²¹ ŋɔːŋ²¹ kʰɐi̯⁵⁵/

/ˀɑŋ³⁵ ˀɑŋ³⁵ ɕi⁵⁵/

/ŋɔːŋ²¹ ŋɔːŋ²¹ kʰɐi̯⁵⁵/

(～區) Ang'angxi (a district of Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, China)


毛烏素

/mɑʊ̯³⁵ u⁵⁵ su⁵¹/

/mɑʊ̯³⁵ u⁵⁵ su⁵¹/

From Mongolian Му Ус (Mu Us, literally “bad water”).


查干湖

/ʈ͡ʂʰä³⁵ kän⁵⁵ xu³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰä³⁵ kän⁵⁵ xu³⁵/

From Mongolian ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ
ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ (čaɣan naɣur, “white lake”).


泗里街

/sz̩⁵¹ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi̯ɛ⁵⁵/

/siː³³ lei̯¹³ kaːi̯⁵⁵/

/sz̩⁵¹ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi̯ɛ⁵⁵/

/siː³³ lei̯¹³ kaːi̯⁵⁵/

Sarikei (a town and capital of Sarikei Division, Sarawak, Malaysia)

(～省) Sarikei (a division of Sarawak, Malaysia)


閩寧

/min²¹⁴⁻²¹ niŋ³⁵/

/min²¹⁴⁻²¹ niŋ³⁵/

(～鎮) Minning (a town in Yongning, Yinchuan, Ningxia autonomous region, China)


江華島

ㄐㄧㄤ ㄏㄨㄚˊ ㄉㄠˇ

ㄐㄧㄤ ㄏㄨㄚˊ ㄉㄠˇ

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ xu̯ä³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kɔːŋ⁵⁵ waː²¹ tou̯³⁵/

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ xu̯ä³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kɔːŋ⁵⁵ waː²¹ tou̯³⁵/

Ganghwa Island (an island of South Korea)


烏蘭烏蘇

/u⁵⁵ län³⁵ u⁵⁵ su⁵⁵/

/u⁵⁵ län³⁵ u⁵⁵ su⁵⁵/

Borrowed from Written Oirat ᡇᠯᠠᠨ
ᡇᠰᡇ (ulan usu, literally “red river”), possibly via Manchu ᡠᠯᠠᠨ
ᡠᠰᡠ (ulan usu).

(～鎮) Wulanwusu (a town in Shawan, Tacheng prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


托里

/tʰu̯ɔ⁵⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʰɔːk̚³ lei̯¹³/

/tʰu̯ɔ⁵⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʰɔːk̚³ lei̯¹³/

(～縣) Toli (a county of Tacheng prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


古爾圖

/ku²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰu³⁵/

/ku²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰu³⁵/

(～鎮) Gu'ertu (a town in Wusu, Tacheng prefecture, Xinjiang, China)


連縣

/li̯ɛn³⁵ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/li̯ɛn³⁵ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

(historical) Lian County, Lianxian (a former county of Guangdong, China; now Lianzhou)


吉澳

/t͡ɕi³⁵ ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/kɐt̚⁵ ou̯³³/

/t͡ɕi³⁵ ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/kɐt̚⁵ ou̯³³/


浮羅交怡

ㄈㄨˊ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄐㄧㄠ ㄧˊ

ㄈㄨˊ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄐㄧㄠ ㄧˊ

/fu³⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵ i³⁵/

/fɐu̯²¹ lɔː²¹ kaːu̯⁵⁵ jiː²¹/

/fu³⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵ i³⁵/

/fɐu̯²¹ lɔː²¹ kaːu̯⁵⁵ jiː²¹/

Langkawi (a district of Kedah, Malaysia)


布隆泉

ㄅㄨˋ ㄌㄨㄥˊ ㄑㄩㄢˊ

ㄅㄨˋ ㄌㄨㄥˊ ㄑㄩㄢˊ

/pu⁵¹ lʊŋ³⁵ t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn³⁵/

/pu⁵¹ lʊŋ³⁵ t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn³⁵/

Partial calque of Afrikaans Bloemfontein. Doublet of 布隆方丹 (Bùlóngfāngdān).

partial calque

(chiefly Taiwan) Bloemfontein (a major city and judicial capital of South Africa)


小金門

ㄒㄧㄠˇ ㄐㄧㄣ ㄇㄣˊ

ㄒㄧㄠˇ ㄐㄧㄣ ㄇㄣˊ

Сяоцзиньмэнь

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕin⁵⁵ mən³⁵/

/siːu̯³⁵ kɐm⁵⁵ muːn²¹/

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕin⁵⁵ mən³⁵/

/siːu̯³⁵ kɐm⁵⁵ muːn²¹/

Republic of China
Republic of China#English

Lieyu, Lesser Kinmen (an island of Kinmen County, Fujian, Republic of China)


蘇彝士

/sou̯⁵⁵ jiː²¹ siː²²/

/sou̯⁵⁵ jiː²¹ siː²²/


金州

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/kɐm⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/kɐm⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

(～區) Jinzhou (a district of Dalian, Liaoning, China)


滾弄

/ku̯ən²¹⁴⁻²¹ nʊŋ⁵¹/

/ku̯ən²¹⁴⁻²¹ nʊŋ⁵¹/

Kunlong (a town in Kunlong Township, Shan State, Myanmar)


陽澄湖

/jɑŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵ xu³⁵/

/jœːŋ²¹ t͡sʰɪŋ²¹ wuː²¹/

/jɑŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵ xu³⁵/

/jœːŋ²¹ t͡sʰɪŋ²¹ wuː²¹/

Yangcheng Lake (a lake in Jiangsu, China)


羊卓雍錯

ㄧㄤˊ ㄓㄨㄛˊ ㄩㄥ ㄘㄨㄛˋ

ㄧㄤˊ ㄓㄨㄛˊ ㄩㄥ ㄘㄨㄛˋ

/jɑŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂu̯ɔ³⁵ jʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡sʰu̯ɔ⁵¹/

/jɑŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂu̯ɔ³⁵ jʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡sʰu̯ɔ⁵¹/

Borrowed from Tibetan ཡར་འབྲོག་གཡུ་མཚོ། (yar 'brog g.yu mtsho).

bor

ཡར་འབྲོག་གཡུ་མཚོ།

Yamdrok Lake (a lake in the Tibet Autonomous Region, China)


瑪旁雍錯

ㄇㄚˇ ㄆㄤˊ ㄩㄥ ㄘㄨㄛˋ

ㄇㄚˇ ㄆㄤˊ ㄩㄥ ㄘㄨㄛˋ

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ pʰɑŋ³⁵ jʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡sʰu̯ɔ⁵¹/

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ pʰɑŋ³⁵ jʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡sʰu̯ɔ⁵¹/

Borrowed from Tibetan མ་ཕམ་གཡུ་མཚོ (ma pham g.yu mtsho).

མ་ཕམ་གཡུ་མཚོ

Lake Manasarovar (a lake in Burang, Ngari prefecture, Tibet Autonomous Region, China)


岡仁波齊

ㄍㄤ ㄖㄣˊ ㄅㄛ ㄑㄧˊ

ㄍㄤ ㄖㄣˊ ㄅㄛ ㄑㄧˊ

/kɑŋ⁵⁵ ʐən³⁵ pu̯ɔ⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/kɔːŋ⁵⁵ jɐn²¹ pɔː⁵⁵ t͡sʰɐi̯²¹/

/kɑŋ⁵⁵ ʐən³⁵ pu̯ɔ⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/kɔːŋ⁵⁵ jɐn²¹ pɔː⁵⁵ t͡sʰɐi̯²¹/

Borrowed from Tibetan གངས་རིན་པོ་ཆེ (gangs rin po che).

གངས་རིན་པོ་ཆེ

(～峰) Mount Kailash (a mountain in Ngari prefecture, Tibet Autonomous Region, China)


賀縣

/xɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/hɔː²² jyːn²²/

/xɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/hɔː²² jyːn²²/

(historical) Hexian, He County (a former county of the Guangxi autonomous region, China; modern Hezhou)


孟定

/mɤŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ tiŋ⁵¹/

/mɤŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ tiŋ⁵¹/

(～鎮) Mengding (a town in Gengma, Lincang, Yunnan, China)


湯陰

/tʰɑŋ⁵⁵ in⁵⁵/

/tʰɔːŋ⁵⁵ jɐm⁵⁵/

/tʰɑŋ⁵⁵ in⁵⁵/

/tʰɔːŋ⁵⁵ jɐm⁵⁵/

1345 CE, Toqto'a (lead editor), History of Song

Yuè Fēi, zì Péngjǔ, Xiàngzhōu Tāngyīn rén.

岳飛，字鵬舉，相州湯陰人。

岳飞，字鹏举，相州汤阴人。

(～縣) Tangyin (a county of Anyang, Henan, China)


淡馬魯

/tän⁵¹ mä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ lu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tän⁵¹ mä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ lu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(～市, ～縣) Temerloh (a city, a district of Pahang, Malaysia)


增卡

/t͡sɤŋ⁵⁵ kʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sɤŋ⁵⁵ kʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


而連突

/ˀɤɻ³⁵ li̯ɛn³⁵ tʰu⁵⁵/

/jiː²¹ liːn²¹ tɐt̚²/

/ˀɤɻ³⁵ li̯ɛn³⁵ tʰu⁵⁵/

/jiː²¹ liːn²¹ tɐt̚²/

(～市, ～縣) Jerantut (a town and district of Pahang, Malaysia)


魯容

/lu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʐʊŋ³⁵/

/lou̯¹³ jʊŋ²¹/

/lu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʐʊŋ³⁵/

/lou̯¹³ jʊŋ²¹/

Duyong (a state constituency in Malaysia)


峇吉里

/pä⁵⁵ t͡ɕi³⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/paː⁵⁵ kɐt̚⁵ lei̯¹³/

/pä⁵⁵ t͡ɕi³⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/paː⁵⁵ kɐt̚⁵ lei̯¹³/

Bakri (a federal constituency in Malaysia)


密豐頌

/mi⁵¹ fɤŋ⁵⁵ sʊŋ⁵¹/

/mi⁵¹ fɤŋ⁵⁵ sʊŋ⁵¹/

Borrowed from Thai แม่ฮ่องสอน (mɛ̂ɛ-hɔ̂ng-sɔ̌ɔn).

Thai แม่ฮ่องสอน (mɛ̂ɛ-hɔ̂ng-sɔ̌ɔn)

(～府) Mae Hong Son (a province of Thailand)


木樨地

/mu⁵¹ ɕi⁵⁵ ti⁵¹/

/mʊk̚² sɐi̯⁵⁵ tei̯²²/

/mu⁵¹ ɕi⁵⁵ ti⁵¹/

/mʊk̚² sɐi̯⁵⁵ tei̯²²/

Muxidi (an area of Xicheng district, Beijing, China)


愛輝

/ˀaɪ̯⁵¹ xu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵/

/ɔːi̯³³ fɐi̯⁵⁵/

/ˀaɪ̯⁵¹ xu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵/

/ɔːi̯³³ fɐi̯⁵⁵/

Homophonous replacement for 璦琿／瑷珲 (Àihuī) from 1956.

zh-l

璦琿／瑷珲 (Àihuī)

(～區) Aihui (a district of Heihe, Heilongjiang, China)


木威

/mu⁵¹ weɪ̯⁵⁵/

/mʊk̚² wɐi̯⁵⁵/

/mu⁵¹ weɪ̯⁵⁵/

/mʊk̚² wɐi̯⁵⁵/


文德甲

ㄨㄣˊ ㄉㄜˊ ㄐㄧㄚˇ

ㄨㄣˊ ㄉㄜˊ ㄐㄧㄚˇ

/wən³⁵ tɤ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/mɐn²¹ tɐk̚⁵ kaːp̚³/

/wən³⁵ tɤ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/mɐn²¹ tɐk̚⁵ kaːp̚³/


承化寺

/ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹⁻⁵³ sz̩⁵¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹⁻⁵³ sz̩⁵¹/

(historical) Old name for 阿勒泰 (Ālètài, “Altay (a county-level city of Altay prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)”).


巴音布魯克

ㄅㄚ ㄧㄣ ㄅㄨˋ ㄌㄨˇ ㄎㄜˋ

ㄅㄚ ㄧㄣ ㄅㄨˋ ㄌㄨˇ ㄎㄜˋ

/pä⁵⁵ in⁵⁵ pu⁵¹ lu²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰɤ⁵¹/

/pä⁵⁵ in⁵⁵ pu⁵¹ lu²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰɤ⁵¹/

Borrowed from Mongolian ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨ
ᠪᠤᠯᠠᠭ (bayan bulag), from ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨ (bayan, “luxuriant”) + ᠪᠤᠯᠠᠭ (bulag, “spring”) / булаг (bulag).

bor+

(～草原) Bayanbulak (a large grassland in Hejing, Bayingolin prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


丹霞山

/tän⁵⁵ ɕi̯ä³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/tän⁵⁵ ɕi̯ä³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

Mount Danxia (a mountain in Renhua, Shaoguan, Guangdong, China)


烏蘭

(～縣) Ulan (a county of Haixi prefecture, Qinghai, China)


劉公島

ㄌㄧㄡˊ ㄍㄨㄥ ㄉㄠˇ

ㄌㄧㄡˊ ㄍㄨㄥ ㄉㄠˇ

/li̯oʊ̯³⁵ kʊŋ⁵⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lɐu̯²¹ kʊŋ⁵⁵ tou̯³⁵/

/li̯oʊ̯³⁵ kʊŋ⁵⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lɐu̯²¹ kʊŋ⁵⁵ tou̯³⁵/

Liugong Island (an island of Weihai, Shandong, China)


雪埠

/ɕy̯ɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹ pu⁵¹/

/syːt̚³ fɐu̯²²/

/ɕy̯ɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹ pu⁵¹/

/syːt̚³ fɐu̯²²/

Phono-semantic matching of English Sheffield.

psm

metropolitan borough
metropolitan borough

(local, Hong Kong) Sheffield (a city and metropolitan borough of South Yorkshire, England, United Kingdom)


奇臺

/t͡ɕʰi³⁵ tʰaɪ̯³⁵/

/kʰei̯²¹ tʰɔːi̯²¹/

/t͡ɕʰi³⁵ tʰaɪ̯³⁵/

/kʰei̯²¹ tʰɔːi̯²¹/

Changji Hui Autonomous Prefecture#English

(～縣) Qitai (a county of Changji Hui Autonomous Prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


斯洛文尼亞共和國

ㄙ ㄌㄨㄛˋ ㄨㄣˊ ㄋㄧˊ ㄧㄚˋ ㄍㄨㄥˋ ㄏㄜˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ

ㄙ ㄌㄨㄛˋ ㄨㄣˊ ㄋㄧˊ ㄧㄚˇ ㄍㄨㄥˋ ㄏㄜˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ

Сыловэньния Гунхэго

/sz̩⁵⁵ lu̯ɔ⁵¹ wən³⁵ ni³⁵ jä⁵¹⁻⁵³ kʊŋ⁵¹ xɤ³⁵ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

/sz̩⁵⁵ lu̯ɔ⁵¹ wən³⁵ ni³⁵ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʊŋ⁵¹ xɤ³⁵ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

/siː⁵⁵ lɔːk̚² mɐn²¹ nei̯²¹ aː³³ kʊŋ²² wɔː²¹ kʷɔːk̚³/

Republic of Slovenia
Republic of Slovenia#English:_Q215

Balkan Peninsula
Balkan Peninsula#English

(Mainland China) Republic of Slovenia (official name of Slovenia: a country on the Balkan Peninsula in Central Europe)


飛獵邊

/feɪ̯⁵⁵ li̯ɛ⁵¹ pi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/feɪ̯⁵⁵ li̯ɛ⁵¹ pi̯ɛn⁵⁵/


瑪曲

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰy⁵⁵/

/maː¹³ kʰʊk̚⁵/

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰy⁵⁵/

/maː¹³ kʰʊk̚⁵/

(～縣) Maqu (a county of Gannan prefecture, Gansu, China)


錫爾河

/ɕi⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ xɤ³⁵/

/ɕi³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ xɤ³⁵/

/sɛːk̚³ jiː¹³ hɔː²¹/

/ɕi⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ xɤ³⁵/

/ɕi³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ xɤ³⁵/

/sɛːk̚³ jiː¹³ hɔː²¹/


圖爾克斯坦

ㄊㄨˊ ㄦˇ ㄎㄜˋ ㄙ ㄊㄢˇ

ㄊㄨˊ ㄦˇ ㄎㄜˋ ㄙ ㄊㄢˇ

Туэркэсытань

/tʰu³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰɤ⁵¹ sz̩⁵⁵ tʰän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Turkistan (a city, the administrative centre of the Turkistan Region, Kazakhstan)


阿姆河

/ˀä⁵⁵ mu²¹⁴⁻²¹ xɤ³⁵/

/aː³³ mou̯¹³ hɔː²¹/

/ˀä⁵⁵ mu²¹⁴⁻²¹ xɤ³⁵/

/aː³³ mou̯¹³ hɔː²¹/


帕里

/pʰä⁵¹ li²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pʰä⁵¹ li²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(～鎮) Phari (a town in Yadong, Shigatse, Tibet Autonomous Region, China)


古爾班阿里瑪圖

ㄍㄨˇ ㄦˇ ㄅㄢ ㄚ ㄌㄧˇ ㄇㄚˇ ㄊㄨˊ

ㄍㄨˇ ㄦˇ ㄅㄢ ㄚ ㄌㄧˇ ㄇㄚˇ ㄊㄨˊ

Гуэрбань Алимату

/ku²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ pän⁵⁵ ˀä⁵⁵ li²¹⁴⁻³⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰu³⁵/

Borrowed from Written Oirat ᡎᡇᠷᡋᠠᠨ
ᠠᠯᡅᡏᠠᡐᡇ (ɣurban alimatu).

bor

ᡎᡇᠷᡋᠠᠨ ᠠᠯᡅᡏᠠᡐᡇ

(obsolete) Almaty (used during the Qing dynasty)


塞北

/saɪ̯⁵¹ peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʰɔːi̯³³ pɐk̚⁵/

/saɪ̯⁵¹ peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʰɔːi̯³³ pɐk̚⁵/

(～管理區) Saibei (a management area in Zhangjiakou, Hebei, China)


普蘭

/pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ län³⁵/

/pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ län³⁵/

Borrowed from Tibetan སྤུ་ཧྲེང (spu hreng).

(～縣) Burang (a county of Ngari prefecture, Tibet Autonomous Region, China)

(～鎮) Burang (a town in Burang County, Ngari prefecture, Tibet Autonomous Region, China)


橫琴

/xɤŋ³⁵ t͡ɕʰin³⁵/

/waːŋ²¹ kʰɐm²¹/

/xɤŋ³⁵ t͡ɕʰin³⁵/

/waːŋ²¹ kʰɐm²¹/

(～島) Hengqin Island (an island of Zhuhai, Guangdong, China)

(～鎮) Hengqin (a town in Xiangzhou district, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China)


朗縣

/lɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/lɔːŋ¹³ jyːn²²/

/lɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/lɔːŋ¹³ jyːn²²/

From Tibetan སྣང (snang) + 縣／县 (xiàn, “county”).

Nang County (a county of Nyingchi, Tibet Autonomous Region, China)


卑謬

/peɪ̯⁵⁵ mi̯oʊ̯⁵¹/

/peɪ̯⁵⁵ mi̯oʊ̯⁵¹/


榮縣

/ʐʊŋ³⁵ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/wɪŋ²¹ jyːn²²/

/ʐʊŋ³⁵ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/wɪŋ²¹ jyːn²²/

Rong County, Rongxian (a county of Zigong, Sichuan, China)


得榮

/tɤ³⁵ ʐʊŋ³⁵/

/tɐk̚⁵ wɪŋ²¹/

/tɤ³⁵ ʐʊŋ³⁵/

/tɐk̚⁵ wɪŋ²¹/

Borrowed from Tibetan སྡེ་རོང (sde rong).

(～縣) Dêrong (a county of Garzê prefecture, Sichuan, China)


米林

/mi²¹⁴⁻²¹ lin³⁵/

/mɐi̯¹³ lɐm²¹/

/mi²¹⁴⁻²¹ lin³⁵/

/mɐi̯¹³ lɐm²¹/

Borrowed from Tibetan སྨན་གླིང (sman gling).

(～縣) Mainling (a county of Nyingchi, Tibet Autonomous Region, China)


下司馬

/ɕi̯ä⁵¹ sz̩⁵⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ɕi̯ä⁵¹ sz̩⁵⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Borrowed from Tibetan ཤར་གསིང་མ (shar gsing ma).

(～鎮) Shashima, Xarsingma (a town in Yadong, Tibet Autonomous Region, China)


沛縣

/pʰeɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/pʰuːi̯³³ jyːn²²/

/pʰeɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/pʰuːi̯³³ jyːn²²/

Pei County, Peixian (a county of Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China)


喀拉庫勒湖

ㄎㄚ ㄌㄚ ㄎㄨˋ ㄌㄜˋ ㄏㄨˊ

ㄎㄚ ㄌㄚ ㄎㄨˋ ㄌㄜˋ ㄏㄨˊ

/kʰä⁵⁵ lä⁵⁵ kʰu⁵¹⁻⁵³ lɤ⁵¹ xu³⁵/

/kʰä⁵⁵ lä⁵⁵ kʰu⁵¹⁻⁵³ lɤ⁵¹ xu³⁵/

Karakul (a lake in Akto, Kizilsu prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


壺口瀑布

ㄏㄨˊ ㄎㄡˇ ㄆㄨˋ ㄅㄨˋ

ㄏㄨˊ ㄎㄡˇ ㄆㄨˋ ㄅㄨˋ

/xu³⁵ kʰoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ pʰu⁵¹⁻⁵³ pu⁵¹/

/wuː²¹ hɐu̯³⁵ pʊk̚² pou̯³³/

/xu³⁵ kʰoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ pʰu⁵¹⁻⁵³ pu⁵¹/

/wuː²¹ hɐu̯³⁵ pʊk̚² pou̯³³/

Hukou Waterfall (a large waterfall on the Yellow River located at the intersection of the provinces of Shanxi and Shaanxi in China)


乃堆拉

/naɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ tu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ lä⁵⁵/

/naːi̯¹³ tɵy̯⁵⁵ laːi̯⁵⁵/

/naɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ tu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ lä⁵⁵/

/naːi̯¹³ tɵy̯⁵⁵ laːi̯⁵⁵/

Borrowed from Tibetan རྣ་ཐོས་ལ (rna thos la).

(～山口) Nathu La (a mountain pass in the Himalayas on the India-China border, connecting the Indian state of Sikkim and China's Tibet Autonomous Region)


春丕

/ʈ͡ʂʰu̯ən⁵⁵ pʰi⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰu̯ən⁵⁵ pʰi⁵⁵/

(～河谷) Chumbi Valley (a valley in Yadong, Tibet Autonomous Region, China)


米泉

/mi²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn³⁵/

/mɐi̯¹³ t͡sʰyːn²¹/

/mi²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn³⁵/

/mɐi̯¹³ t͡sʰyːn²¹/

(～市, ～縣) (historical) Miquan (a former county-level city and county of Changji prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China; merged with Dongshan District of Ürümqi to form Midong District of Ürümqi in 2007)


滑縣

/xu̯ä³⁵ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/xu̯ä³⁵ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

Hua County, Huaxian (a county of Anyang, Henan, China)


托木斯克

ㄊㄨㄛ ㄇㄨˋ ㄙ ㄎㄜˋ

ㄊㄨㄛ ㄇㄨˋ ㄙ ㄎㄜˋ

/tʰu̯ɔ⁵⁵ mu⁵¹ sz̩⁵⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹/

/tʰɔːk̚³ mʊk̚² siː⁵⁵ hɐk̚⁵/

/tʰu̯ɔ⁵⁵ mu⁵¹ sz̩⁵⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹/

/tʰɔːk̚³ mʊk̚² siː⁵⁵ hɐk̚⁵/

Tomsk (a city, the administrative centre of Tomsk Oblast, Russia)


理縣

/li²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/li²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

Renamed from 理番縣 (Lǐfān Xiàn) in 1946 as 理番 (literally “to manage the barbarians”) was deemed pejorative towards ethnic minorities.

zh-l

Li County, Lixian (a county of Ngawa prefecture, Sichuan, China)


黑木山

/xeɪ̯⁵⁵ mu⁵¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

/xeɪ̯⁵⁵ mu⁵¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

Most probably calque of Malay Bukit Kayu Hitam (literally “Black Wood Hill”).

calque

Bukit Kayu Hitam (a town in Kubang Pasu district, Kedah, Malaysia)


澤庫

/t͡sɤ³⁵ kʰu⁵¹/

/t͡sɤ³⁵ kʰu⁵¹/

Borrowed from Tibetan རྩེ་ཁོག (rtse khog).

(～縣) Zêkog (a county of Huangnan, Qinghai, China)


烏爾禾

/u⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ xɤ³⁵/

/wuː⁵⁵ jiː¹³ wɔː²¹/

/u⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ xɤ³⁵/

/wuː⁵⁵ jiː¹³ wɔː²¹/

(～區) Orku (a district of Karamay, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


雲縣

/yn³⁵ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/yn³⁵ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

Yun County, Yunxian (a county of Lincang, Yunnan, China)


烏列蓋

/u⁵⁵ li̯ɛ⁵¹⁻⁵³ kaɪ̯⁵¹/

/u⁵⁵ li̯ɛ⁵¹⁻⁵³ kaɪ̯⁵¹/

Bayan-Ölgii Aimag
Bayan-Ölgii Aimag#English

Ölgii (a city, the capital of Bayan-Ölgii Aimag, Mongolia)


豐縣

/fɤŋ⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/fʊŋ⁵⁵ jyːn²²/

/fɤŋ⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/fʊŋ⁵⁵ jyːn²²/

Feng County, Fengxian (a county of Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China)


祿步

/lu⁵¹⁻⁵³ pu⁵¹/

/lu⁵¹⁻⁵³ pu⁵¹/

The first syllable 祿／禄 (lù) is possibly a Kra-Dai substrate; compare Zhuang lueg (“mountain valley”). The substate word is more often written as 六 (liù) in toponyms of Guangdong and Guangxi.
The second syllable 步 (bù) may be the same word as the homophonous 埗 (bù, “pier”).

(～鎮) Lubu (a town in Gaoyao district, Zhaoqing, Guangdong, China)


那務

/nä⁵¹⁻⁵³ u⁵¹/

/nä⁵¹⁻⁵³ u⁵¹/

Possibly derived from a Kra-Dai substrate. Compare the first syllable with Zhuang na (“field”) and the second syllable with Zhuang mou (“pig”).

(～鎮) Nawu (a town in Huazhou, Maoming, Guangdong, China)


那麗

/nä⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹/

/nä⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹/

那 (nà) is from Zhuang naz (“paddy field”).

(～鎮) Nali (a town in Qinnan district, Qinzhou, Guangxi autonomous region, China)


那大

/nä⁵¹⁻⁵³ tä⁵¹/

/nä⁵¹⁻⁵³ tä⁵¹/

(～鎮) Nada (a town in Danzhou, Hainan, China)


梧桐山

/u³⁵ tʰʊŋ³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/ŋ̍²¹ tʰʊŋ²¹ saːn⁵⁵/

/u³⁵ tʰʊŋ³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/ŋ̍²¹ tʰʊŋ²¹ saːn⁵⁵/

Wutong Mountain (a mountain in Shenzhen, Guangdong, China)


楓葉國

/fɤŋ⁵⁵ jɛ⁵¹ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

/fʊŋ⁵⁵ jiːp̚² kʷɔːk̚³/

/fɤŋ⁵⁵ jɛ⁵¹ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

/fʊŋ⁵⁵ jiːp̚² kʷɔːk̚³/

Alternative name for 加拿大 (Jiānádà, “Canada (a country in North America)”).


亞龍灣

/jä⁵¹ lʊŋ³⁵ wän⁵⁵/

/jä²¹⁴⁻²¹ lʊŋ³⁵ wän⁵⁵/

/aː³³ lʊŋ²¹ waːn⁵⁵/

/jä⁵¹ lʊŋ³⁵ wän⁵⁵/

/jä²¹⁴⁻²¹ lʊŋ³⁵ wän⁵⁵/

/aː³³ lʊŋ²¹ waːn⁵⁵/

Yalong Bay (a bay of Sanya, Hainan, China)


榆林港

/y³⁵ lin³⁵ kɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/jyː²¹ lɐm²¹ kɔːŋ³⁵/

/y³⁵ lin³⁵ kɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/jyː²¹ lɐm²¹ kɔːŋ³⁵/

Yulin Harbour (a harbour in Sanya, Hainan, China)


東方紅

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ fɑŋ⁵⁵ xʊŋ³⁵/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ fɔːŋ⁵⁵ hʊŋ²¹/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ fɑŋ⁵⁵ xʊŋ³⁵/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ fɔːŋ⁵⁵ hʊŋ²¹/

(～街道, formerly ～鎮) Dongfanghong (a subdistrict and former town in Yuelu district, Changsha, Hunan, China)

(～鄉) Dongfanghong (a township in Dongshan district, Hegang, Heilongjiang, China)


嶽麓

/ɥɛ⁵¹⁻⁵³ lu⁵¹/

/ŋɔːk̚² lʊk̚⁵/

/ŋak̚⁴⁻² lok̚⁴/

/ɥɛ⁵¹⁻⁵³ lu⁵¹/

/ŋɔːk̚² lʊk̚⁵/

/ŋak̚⁴⁻² lok̚⁴/

(～區) Yuelu (a district of Changsha, Hunan, China)


饒河

/ʐɑʊ̯³⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/jiːu̯²¹ hɔː²¹/

/ʐɑʊ̯³⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/jiːu̯²¹ hɔː²¹/

From 撓力河／挠力河 (“Naoli River”) in the north of the county.

(～縣) Raohe (a county of Shuangyashan, Heilongjiang, China)


巴縣

/pä⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/pä⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

Ba County, Baxian (a former county of Sichuan, China; now part of Chongqing)


灰寨

/xu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂaɪ̯⁵¹/

/xu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂaɪ̯⁵¹/

(～鎮) Huizhai (a town in Jiexi, Jieyang, Guangdong, China)


第聶伯河

ㄉㄧˋ ㄋㄧㄝˋ ㄅㄛˊ ㄏㄜˊ

ㄉㄧˋ ㄋㄧㄝˋ ㄅㄛˊ ㄏㄜˊ

/ti⁵¹⁻⁵³ ni̯ɛ⁵¹ pu̯ɔ³⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/ti⁵¹⁻⁵³ ni̯ɛ⁵¹ pu̯ɔ³⁵ xɤ³⁵/


斯摩棱斯克

ㄙ ㄇㄛˊ ㄌㄥˊ ㄙ ㄎㄜˋ

ㄙ ㄇㄛˊ ㄌㄥˊ ㄙ ㄎㄜˋ

/sz̩⁵⁵ mu̯ɔ³⁵ lɤŋ³⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹/

/sz̩⁵⁵ mu̯ɔ³⁵ lɤŋ³⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹/

Smolensk (a city, the administrative centre of Smolensk Oblast, Russia)


拙政園

Чжочжэнъюань

Čžočžɛnʺjuanʹ

/ʈ͡ʂu̯ɔ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵¹ ɥɛn³⁵/

/t͡syːt̚³ t͡sɪŋ³³ jyːn²¹/

/ʈ͡ʂu̯ɔ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵¹ ɥɛn³⁵/

/t͡syːt̚³ t͡sɪŋ³³ jyːn²¹/

Humble Administrator's Garden
w:Humble Administrator's Garden

Humble Administrator's Garden (a Chinese garden in Suzhou, Jiangsu, China)


勃利

/pu̯ɔ³⁵ li⁵¹/

/pu̯ɔ³⁵ li⁵¹/

Borrowed from Manchu ᠪᠣᡥᠣᡵᡳ (bohori). Doublet of 伯力 (Bólì, “Khabarovsk”), which is an alternative transliteration of the same place name. The city was moved from present-day Khabarovsk to present-day Boli county after signing of Treaty of Aigun to continue its function as a military fort.

(～縣) Boli (a county of Qitaihe, Heilongjiang, China)


貓兒山

/mɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/maːu̯⁵⁵ jiː²¹⁻⁵⁵ saːn⁵⁵/

/mɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/maːu̯⁵⁵ jiː²¹⁻⁵⁵ saːn⁵⁵/

Kitten Mountain (a mountain in Guilin, Guangxi autonomous region, China)


大明湖

ㄉㄚˋ ㄇㄧㄥˊ ㄏㄨˊ

ㄉㄚˋ ㄇㄧㄥˊ ㄏㄨˊ

/tä⁵¹ miŋ³⁵ xu³⁵/

/taːi̯²² mɪŋ²¹ wuː²¹/

/tä⁵¹ miŋ³⁵ xu³⁵/

/taːi̯²² mɪŋ²¹ wuː²¹/

Daming Lake (a lake in Jinan, Shandong, China)


民丹島

/min³⁵ tän⁵⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/min³⁵ tän⁵⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Riau Archipelago
Riau Archipelago#English

Bintan Island, Pulau Bintan (an island of the Riau Archipelago, Indonesia)


香洲

/ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/hœːŋ⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/hœːŋ⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

(～區) Xiangzhou (a district of Zhuhai, Guangdong, China)


拱北

/kʊŋ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kʊŋ³⁵ pɐk̚⁵/

/kʊŋ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kʊŋ³⁵ pɐk̚⁵/

(～街道) Gongbei (a subdistrict of Xiangzhou district, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China)


桂山島

/ku̯eɪ̯⁵¹ ʂän⁵⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kʷɐi̯³³ saːn⁵⁵ tou̯³⁵/

/ku̯eɪ̯⁵¹ ʂän⁵⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kʷɐi̯³³ saːn⁵⁵ tou̯³⁵/

Guishan Island (an island of Zhuhai, Guangdong, China)


勐賽

/mɤŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ saɪ̯⁵¹/

/mɤŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ saɪ̯⁵¹/

Muang Xay (the capital of Oudomxay Province, Laos)


烏多姆塞

ㄨ ㄉㄨㄛ ㄇㄨˇ ㄙㄞˋ

ㄨ ㄉㄨㄛ ㄇㄨˇ ㄙㄞˋ

/u⁵⁵ tu̯ɔ⁵⁵ mu²¹⁴⁻²¹ saɪ̯⁵¹/

/u⁵⁵ tu̯ɔ⁵⁵ mu²¹⁴⁻²¹ saɪ̯⁵¹/


後港

/xoʊ̯⁵¹ kɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/au²²⁻²¹ kaŋ⁴²/

/au³⁵⁻¹¹ kaŋ⁵²/

/xoʊ̯⁵¹ kɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/au²²⁻²¹ kaŋ⁴²/

/au³⁵⁻¹¹ kaŋ⁵²/


拉昂錯

/lä⁵⁵ ˀɑŋ³⁵ t͡sʰu̯ɔ⁵¹/

/lä⁵⁵ ˀɑŋ³⁵ t͡sʰu̯ɔ⁵¹/

Borrowed from Tibetan ལག་ངར་མཚོ (lag ngar mtsho).

Lake Rakshastal (a lake in Burang, Ngari prefecture, Tibet Autonomous Region, China)


天祝

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂu⁵¹/

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂu⁵¹/

～藏族自治縣 天祝藏族自治縣#Chinese

(～藏族自治縣) Bairi (a Tibetan autonomous county of Wuwei, Gansu, China)


工布江達

ㄍㄨㄥ ㄅㄨˋ ㄐㄧㄤ ㄉㄚˊ

ㄍㄨㄥ ㄅㄨˋ ㄐㄧㄤ ㄉㄚˊ

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ pu⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ tä³⁵/

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ pou̯³³ kɔːŋ⁵⁵ taːt̚²/

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ pu⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ tä³⁵/

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ pou̯³³ kɔːŋ⁵⁵ taːt̚²/

Borrowed from Tibetan ཀོང་པོ་རྒྱ་མདའ (kong po rgya mda').

bor

ཀོང་པོ་རྒྱ་མདའ

(～縣) Gongbo'gyamda (a county of Nyingchi, Tibet Autonomous Region, China)


巴彥

/pä⁵⁵ jɛn⁵¹/

/pä⁵⁵ jɛn⁵¹/

From earlier 巴彥蘇蘇 /巴彦苏苏, from Manchu ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨ
ᠰᡠᠰᡠ (bayan susu, “prosperous ancestral land”).

der

(～縣) Bayan (a county of Harbin, Heilongjiang, China)


牙山

/jä³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/ŋaː²¹ saːn⁵⁵/

/jä³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/ŋaː²¹ saːn⁵⁵/

South Chungcheong
South Chungcheong#English

(～市) Asan (a city in South Chungcheong Province, South Korea)


裕民

/jyː²² mɐn²¹/

/jyː²² mɐn²¹/

(～縣) Yumin (a county of Tacheng prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


寬甸

→ English: Kuandian

/kʰu̯än⁵⁵ ti̯ɛn⁵¹/

/kʰu̯än⁵⁵ ti̯ɛn⁵¹/

滿族自治縣 滿族自治縣#Chinese

(～滿族自治縣, ～縣) Kuandian (an autonomous county of Dandong, Liaoning, China)


石勒喀河

ㄕˊ ㄌㄜˋ ㄎㄚ ㄏㄜˊ

ㄕˊ ㄌㄜˋ ㄎㄚ ㄏㄜˊ

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ lɤ⁵¹ kʰä⁵⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ lɤ⁵¹ kʰä⁵⁵ xɤ³⁵/

Shilka (a river in Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia)


湯原

/tʰɑŋ⁵⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

/tʰɔːŋ⁵⁵ jyːn²¹/

/tʰɑŋ⁵⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

/tʰɔːŋ⁵⁵ jyːn²¹/

(～縣) Tangyuan (a county of Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, China)


大連灣

/tä⁵¹ li̯ɛn³⁵ wän⁵⁵/

/tä⁵¹ li̯ɛn³⁵ wän⁵⁵/

Dalian Bay (a bay of Dalian, Liaoning, China)


西鄉塘

/ɕi⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ tʰɑŋ³⁵/

/sɐi̯⁵⁵ hœːŋ⁵⁵ tʰɔːŋ²¹/

/ɕi⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ tʰɑŋ³⁵/

/sɐi̯⁵⁵ hœːŋ⁵⁵ tʰɔːŋ²¹/

(～區) Xixiangtang (a district of Nanning, Guangxi autonomous region, China)


南溪山

/nän³⁵ ɕi⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/nän³⁵ ɕi⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

a mountain in Guilin, Guangxi autonomous region, China


蒙特勒

Mêng²-tʻê⁴-lê⁴

/mɤŋ³⁵ tʰɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ lɤ⁵¹/

/mɤŋ³⁵ tʰɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ lɤ⁵¹/

Montreux (a town on Lake Geneva in the canton of Vaud, Switzerland)


連灘

/li̯ɛn³⁵ tʰän⁵⁵/

/li̯ɛn³⁵ tʰän⁵⁵/

(～鎮) Liantan (a town in Yunnan, Yunfu, Guangdong, China)


灌縣

/ku̯än⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/ku̯än⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

(historical) Guan County, Guanxian (a former county of Sichuan, China; present-day Dujiangyan City)


晴隆

/t͡ɕʰiŋ³⁵ lʊŋ³⁵/

/t͡sʰɪŋ²¹ lʊŋ²¹/

/t͡ɕʰiŋ³⁵ lʊŋ³⁵/

/t͡sʰɪŋ²¹ lʊŋ²¹/

(～縣) Qinglong (a county of Qianxinan prefecture, Guizhou, China)


乂靜

/i⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕiŋ⁵¹/

/i⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕiŋ⁵¹/

(～省) Nghệ Tĩnh Province (a province of Vietnam)


田莊臺

ㄊㄧㄢˊ ㄓㄨㄤ ㄊㄞˊ

ㄊㄧㄢˊ ㄓㄨㄤ ㄊㄞˊ

Тяньчжуантай

/tʰi̯ɛn³⁵ ʈ͡ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ tʰaɪ̯³⁵/

/tʰi̯ɛn³⁵ ʈ͡ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ tʰaɪ̯³⁵/

(～鎮) Tianzhuangtai (a town in Dawa district, Panjin, Liaoning, China)


新都橋

/ɕin⁵⁵ tu⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵/

/sɐn⁵⁵ tou̯⁵⁵ kʰiːu̯²¹/

/ɕin⁵⁵ tu⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵/

/sɐn⁵⁵ tou̯⁵⁵ kʰiːu̯²¹/

(～鎮) Xinduqiao (a town in Kangding, Garzê prefecture, Sichuan, China)


大庸

/tä⁵¹ jʊŋ⁵⁵/

/taːi̯²² jʊŋ²¹/

/tä⁵¹ jʊŋ⁵⁵/

/taːi̯²² jʊŋ²¹/

(～市, ～縣) (historical) Dayong (a former county-level city and county of Hunan, China; present-day Zhangjiajie)


海倫娜

ㄏㄞˇ ㄌㄨㄣˊ ㄋㄚˋ

ㄏㄞˇ ㄌㄨㄣˊ ㄋㄚˋ

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ lu̯ən³⁵ nä⁵¹/

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ lu̯ən³⁵ nä⁵¹/

Helena (a city, the state capital of Montana, United States)


蘿北

/lu̯ɔ³⁵ peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lɔː²¹ pɐk̚⁵/

/lu̯ɔ³⁵ peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lɔː²¹ pɐk̚⁵/

(～縣) Luobei (a county of Hegang, Heilongjiang, China)


拉咱

/lä⁵⁵ t͡sän³⁵/

/lä⁵⁵ t͡sän³⁵/


肯特

Qing-era transcription of Manchu ᡴᡝᠨᡨᡝᡳ (kentei), from Classical Mongolian ᠬᠡᠨᠲᠡᠢ (kentei).

/kʰən²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰɤ⁵¹/

/hɐŋ³⁵ tɐk̚²/

/kʰən²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰɤ⁵¹/

/hɐŋ³⁵ tɐk̚²/


肯特

/kʰən²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰɤ⁵¹/

/hɐŋ³⁵ tɐk̚²/

/kʰən²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰɤ⁵¹/

/hɐŋ³⁵ tɐk̚²/

(～郡) Kent (a county of England, United Kingdom)

(～縣) Kent (a county of Rhode Island, United States)

(～市) Kent (a city in Washington, United States)


九真

/t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂən⁵⁵/

/kɐu̯³⁵ t͡sɐn⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂən⁵⁵/

/kɐu̯³⁵ t͡sɐn⁵⁵/

Ferlus (2012b) and Pain (2020) propose that 九真 (OC kuˀ-cin) transcribed *k.cin, a local autonym which is reflected in Puoc [Term?] (ksiːŋ muːl) & Thavung [script needed] (ktiːŋ²) meaning "human being, people", the latter from Proto-Vietic *kciːŋ, which consists of prefix *k- and *ciɲ (“leg, foot”); thus, "human beings" are "(those who are) on foot, those who stand on their feet."
Pain further suggests that "Cửu Chân might therefore have been inhabited by some ancestors of the Southern Vietic Thavung - Aheu."

(～郡) Jiuzhen (an ancient commandery of China; located in modern-day Vietnam)

(～鎮) Jiuzhen (a town in Tianmen, Hubei, China)


新野

/ɕin⁵⁵ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sɐn⁵⁵ jɛː¹³/

/ɕin⁵⁵ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sɐn⁵⁵ jɛː¹³/

(～縣) Xinye (a county of Nanyang, Henan, China)


勞德代爾堡

ㄌㄠˊ ㄉㄜˊ ㄉㄞˋ ㄦˇ ㄅㄠˇ

ㄌㄠˊ ㄉㄜˊ ㄉㄞˋ ㄦˇ ㄅㄠˇ

Лаодэдайэр Бао

/lɑʊ̯³⁵ tɤ³⁵ taɪ̯⁵¹ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Fort Lauderdale (a city, the county seat of Broward County, Florida, United States)


斯波坎

/sz̩⁵⁵ pu̯ɔ⁵⁵ kʰän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sz̩⁵⁵ pu̯ɔ⁵⁵ kʰän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Spokane (a city, the county seat of Spokane County, Washington)


彭薩科拉

ㄆㄥˊ ㄙㄚˋ ㄎㄜ ㄌㄚ

ㄆㄥˊ ㄙㄚˋ ㄎㄜ ㄌㄚ

/pʰɤŋ³⁵ sä⁵¹ kʰɤ⁵⁵ lä⁵⁵/

/pʰɤŋ³⁵ sä⁵¹ kʰɤ⁵⁵ lä⁵⁵/

Pensacola (a city, the county seat of Escambia County, Florida, United States)


法戈

/fä²¹⁴⁻²¹ kɤ⁵⁵/

/fä²¹⁴⁻²¹ kɤ⁵⁵/

(Mainland China) Fargo (the largest city in North Dakota, United States, and county seat of Cass County)


蘇瀑

Minnehaha County
Minnehaha County#English

Sioux Falls (a city, the county seat of Minnehaha County, South Dakota, United States)


西棕櫚灘

ㄒㄧ ㄗㄨㄥ ㄌㄩˊ ㄊㄢ

ㄒㄧ ㄗㄨㄥ ㄌㄩˇ ㄊㄢ

Си Цзунлюй Тань

/ɕi⁵⁵ t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ ly³⁵ tʰän⁵⁵/

/ɕi⁵⁵ t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ ly²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰän⁵⁵/

/ɕi⁵⁵ t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ ly³⁵ tʰän⁵⁵/

/ɕi⁵⁵ t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ ly²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰän⁵⁵/

Palm Beach County
Palm Beach County#English

West Palm Beach (a city, the county seat of Palm Beach County, Florida, United States)


錫拉丘茲

ㄒㄧˊ ㄌㄚ ㄑㄧㄡ ㄗ

/ɕi⁵⁵ lä⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵ t͡sz̩⁵⁵/

/ɕi³⁵ lä⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵ t͡sz̩⁵⁵/

/ɕi⁵⁵ lä⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵ t͡sz̩⁵⁵/

/ɕi³⁵ lä⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵ t͡sz̩⁵⁵/

Borrowed from English Syracuse, from Latin Syrācūsae and Ancient Greek Συρᾱ́κουσαι (Surā́kousai) via French.

Syracuse (a city, the county seat of Onondaga County, New York)


安克雷奇

ㄢ ㄎㄜˋ ㄌㄟˊ ㄑㄧˊ

ㄢ ㄎㄜˋ ㄌㄟˊ ㄑㄧˊ

/ˀän⁵⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹ leɪ̯³⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/ɔːn⁵⁵ hɐk̚⁵ lɵy̯²¹ kʰei̯²¹/

/ˀän⁵⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹ leɪ̯³⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/ɔːn⁵⁵ hɐk̚⁵ lɵy̯²¹ kʰei̯²¹/

Anchorage (a city in Alaska, United States)


安娜堡

/ˀän⁵⁵ nä⁵¹ pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ˀän⁵⁵ nä⁵¹ pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Washtenaw County
Washtenaw County#English

Ann Arbor (a city, the county seat of Washtenaw County, Michigan, United States)


基韋斯特

ㄐㄧ ㄨㄟˊ ㄙ ㄊㄜˋ

ㄐㄧ ㄨㄟˊ ㄙ ㄊㄜˋ

/t͡ɕi⁵⁵ weɪ̯³⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ tʰɤ⁵¹/

/t͡ɕi⁵⁵ weɪ̯³⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ tʰɤ⁵¹/

Key West (a city, the county seat of Monroe County, Florida, United States, in the Florida Keys)


大瀑布城

ㄉㄚˋ ㄆㄨˋ ㄅㄨˋ ㄔㄥˊ

ㄉㄚˋ ㄆㄨˋ ㄅㄨˋ ㄔㄥˊ

/tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ pʰu⁵¹⁻⁵³ pu⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ pʰu⁵¹⁻⁵³ pu⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

Great Falls (a city, the county seat of Cascade County, Montana)


耶洛奈夫

ㄧㄝ ㄌㄨㄛˋ ㄋㄞˋ ㄈㄨ

ㄧㄝ ㄌㄨㄛˋ ㄋㄞˋ ㄈㄨ

/jɛ⁵⁵ lu̯ɔ⁵¹⁻⁵³ naɪ̯⁵¹ fu⁵⁵/

/jɛ⁵⁵ lu̯ɔ⁵¹⁻⁵³ naɪ̯⁵¹ fu⁵⁵/

Northwest Territories
Northwest Territories#English

Yellowknife (the capital of and only city in the Northwest Territories, Canada)


黃刀鎮

Хуандаочжэнь

/xu̯ɑŋ³⁵ tɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂən⁵¹/

/wɔːŋ²¹ tou̯⁵⁵ t͡sɐn³³/

/xu̯ɑŋ³⁵ tɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂən⁵¹/

/wɔːŋ²¹ tou̯⁵⁵ t͡sɐn³³/


懷特霍斯

ㄏㄨㄞˊ ㄊㄜˋ ㄏㄨㄛˋ ㄙ

ㄏㄨㄞˊ ㄊㄜˋ ㄏㄨㄛˋ ㄙ

/xu̯aɪ̯³⁵ tʰɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ xu̯ɔ⁵¹ sz̩⁵⁵/

/xu̯aɪ̯³⁵ tʰɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ xu̯ɔ⁵¹ sz̩⁵⁵/

Whitehorse (the capital city of Yukon, Canada)


白馬市

/paɪ̯³⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/paːk̚² maː¹³ siː¹³/

/paɪ̯³⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/paːk̚² maː¹³ siː¹³/


大熊湖

ㄉㄚˋ ㄒㄩㄥˊ ㄏㄨˊ

ㄉㄚˋ ㄒㄩㄥˊ ㄏㄨˊ

/tä⁵¹ ɕi̯ʊŋ³⁵ xu³⁵/

/tä⁵¹ ɕi̯ʊŋ³⁵ xu³⁵/

Great Bear Lake (a lake in Northwest Territories, Canada)


大奴湖

/tä⁵¹ nu³⁵ xu³⁵/

/tä⁵¹ nu³⁵ xu³⁵/

Great Slave Lake
Great Slave Lake#English

Great Slave Lake (a lake in Northwest Territories, Canada)


岡底斯

/kɑŋ⁵⁵ ti²¹⁴⁻²¹ sz̩⁵⁵/

/kɑŋ⁵⁵ ti²¹⁴⁻²¹ sz̩⁵⁵/

Borrowed from Tibetan གངས་ཏི་སེ (gangs ti se).

(～山, ～山脈) Gangdise Shan, Kailash Range (a mountain range in the Tibet Autonomous Region, China)


仲巴

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵¹ pä⁵⁵/

/t͡sʊŋ²² paː⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵¹ pä⁵⁵/

/t͡sʊŋ²² paː⁵⁵/

Borrowed from Tibetan འབྲོང་པ ('brong pa).

(～縣) Zhongba (a county of Shigatse, Tibet Autonomous Region, China)


倫教

/lu̯ən³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/lɵn²¹ kaːu̯³³/

/lu̯ən³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/lɵn²¹ kaːu̯³³/

From homophonous 倫滘／伦滘, the earlier name.

(～街道, formerly ～鎮) Lunjiao (a subdistrict, a former town in Shunde district, Foshan, Guangdong, China)


足榮

/t͡su³⁵ ʐʊŋ³⁵/

/t͡su³⁵ ʐʊŋ³⁵/

(～鎮) Zurong (a town in Debao, Baise, Guangxi, China)


爺爺岳

/jɛ³⁵ jɛ³⁵ ɥɛ⁵¹/

/jɛ³⁵ jɛ³⁵ ɥɛ⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 爺(ちゃ)爺(ちゃ)岳(だけ) (Chachadake).

Chachadake (a volcano in Kunashir Island, Japan, Russia)


首里

/ʂoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sɐu̯³⁵ lei̯¹³/

/ʂoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sɐu̯³⁵ lei̯¹³/

Shuri (a city in Okinawa Prefecture, Japan)


額爾登特

ㄜˊ ㄦˇ ㄉㄥ ㄊㄜˋ

ㄜˊ ㄦˇ ㄉㄥ ㄊㄜˋ

/ˀɤ³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ tɤŋ⁵⁵ tʰɤ⁵¹/

/ˀɤ³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ tɤŋ⁵⁵ tʰɤ⁵¹/

(～市) Erdenet (a city, the provincial capital of Orkhon province, Mongolia)


賽音山達

ㄙㄞˋ ㄧㄣ ㄕㄢ ㄉㄚˊ

ㄙㄞˋ ㄧㄣ ㄕㄢ ㄉㄚˊ

Сайиньшаньда

/saɪ̯⁵¹ in⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵ tä³⁵/

/saɪ̯⁵¹ in⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵ tä³⁵/

Sainshand (a city, the provincial capital of Dornogovi province, Mongolia)


達蘭扎德嘎德

ㄉㄚˊ ㄌㄢˊ ㄓㄚ ㄉㄜˊ ㄍㄚˊ ㄉㄜˊ

ㄉㄚˊ ㄌㄢˊ ㄓㄚ ㄉㄜˊ ㄍㄚˊ ㄉㄜˊ

Даланьчжадэгадэ

/tä³⁵ län³⁵ ʈ͡ʂä⁵⁵ tɤ³⁵ kä³⁵ tɤ³⁵/

/tä³⁵ län³⁵ ʈ͡ʂä⁵⁵ tɤ³⁵ kä³⁵ tɤ³⁵/

Dalanzadgad (a city, the provincial capital of Ömnögovi province, Mongolia)


西烏爾特

/ɕi⁵⁵ u⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰɤ⁵¹/

/ɕi⁵⁵ u⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰɤ⁵¹/

Baruun-Urt (a city, the provincial capital of Sükhbaatar province, Mongolia)


阿爾拜赫雷

ㄚ ㄦˇ ㄅㄞˋ ㄏㄜˋ ㄌㄟˊ

ㄚ ㄦˇ ㄅㄞˋ ㄏㄜˋ ㄌㄟˊ

/ˀä⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ paɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ xɤ⁵¹ leɪ̯³⁵/

/ˀä⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ paɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ xɤ⁵¹ leɪ̯³⁵/

Arvaikheer (a city, the provincial capital of Övörkhangai province, Mongolia)


蒙古國

ㄇㄥˇ ㄍㄨˇ ㄍㄨㄛˊ

ㄇㄥˊ ㄍㄨˇ ㄍㄨㄛˊ

/mɤŋ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

/mɤŋ³⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

/mʊŋ²¹ kuː³⁵ kʷɔːk̚³/

/mɤŋ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

/mɤŋ³⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

/mʊŋ²¹ kuː³⁵ kʷɔːk̚³/


喬伊爾

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵ i⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵ i⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Choir (a city, the provincial capital of Govisümber province, Mongolia)


稻壩

/tɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ pä⁵¹/

/tɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ pä⁵¹/

Phono-semantic matching of Tibetan འདབ་པ ('dab pa).

psm

(historical) Daocheng (an area of Sichuan, China)


漾濞

/jɑŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ pi⁵¹/

/jœːŋ²² pɐi̯³³/

/jɑŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ pi⁵¹/

/jœːŋ²² pɐi̯³³/

彝族自治縣 彝族自治縣#Chinese

(～彝族自治縣, ～縣) Yangbi (an autonomous county of Dali prefecture, Yunnan, China)


色達

Borrowed from Tibetan གསེར་ཐར (gser thar).

(～縣) Sêrtar, Serthar, Sertar (a county of Garzê prefecture, Sichuan, China)


德格

Borrowed from Tibetan སྡེ་དགེ (sde dge).

(～縣) Dêgê (a county of Garzê prefecture, Sichuan, China)


小長安

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ ˀän⁵⁵/

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ ˀän⁵⁵/

(～鎮) Xiaochang'an (a town in Luocheng, Hechi, Guangxi autonomous region, China)


德欽

/tɤ³⁵ t͡ɕʰin⁵⁵/

/tɐk̚⁵ jɐm⁵⁵/

/tɤ³⁵ t͡ɕʰin⁵⁵/

/tɐk̚⁵ jɐm⁵⁵/

Borrowed from Tibetan བདེ་ཆེན (bde chen). Doublet of 迪慶／迪庆 (Díqìng).

zh-l

迪慶／迪庆 (Díqìng)

autonomous prefecture
autonomous prefecture

(～縣) Dêqên (an autonomous prefecture, a Diqing in Yunnan, China)


甕津

/wəŋ⁵¹ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/

/wəŋ⁵¹ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/

(～郡) Ongjin (a county of Incheon Metropolitan City, South Korea)

(～郡) Ongjin (a county of South Hwanghae Province, North Korea)


烏蘇懷亞

ㄨ ㄙㄨ ㄏㄨㄞˊ ㄧㄚˋ

ㄨ ㄙㄨ ㄏㄨㄞˊ ㄧㄚˇ

/u⁵⁵ su⁵⁵ xu̯aɪ̯³⁵ jä⁵¹/

/u⁵⁵ su⁵⁵ xu̯aɪ̯³⁵ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/u⁵⁵ su⁵⁵ xu̯aɪ̯³⁵ jä⁵¹/

/u⁵⁵ su⁵⁵ xu̯aɪ̯³⁵ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Borrowed from English Ushuaia or Spanish Ushuaia, from Yámana ush + waia (“bay; cove”).

Tierra del Fuego
Tierra del Fuego#English

(Taiwan) Ushuaia (a city, the provincial capital of Tierra del Fuego, in southern Argentina)


北方邦

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ fɑŋ⁵⁵ pɑŋ⁵⁵/

/pɐk̚⁵ fɔːŋ⁵⁵ pɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ fɑŋ⁵⁵ pɑŋ⁵⁵/

/pɐk̚⁵ fɔːŋ⁵⁵ pɔːŋ⁵⁵/

Calque of Hindi उत्तर प्रदेश (uttar pradeś).

clq

उत्तर प्रदेश

Uttar Pradesh
Uttar Pradesh#English:_Q1498

Uttar Pradesh (a state in northern India)


柳中

/li̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵/

/li̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵/

(historical) Liuzhong (an ancient city located in modern-day Lukeqin Town, Shanshan, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


哈巴羅夫斯克邊疆區

ㄏㄚ ㄅㄚ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄈㄨ ㄙ ㄎㄜˋ ㄅㄧㄢ ㄐㄧㄤ ㄑㄩ

ㄏㄚ ㄅㄚ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄈㄨ ㄙ ㄎㄜˋ ㄅㄧㄢ ㄐㄧㄤ ㄑㄩ

Хабалофусыкэ Бяньцзянцюй

/xä⁵⁵ pä⁵⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵ fu⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹ pi̯ɛn⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰy⁵⁵/

Khabarovsk Krai (a krai of Russia, in the Russian Far East)


阿爾泰共和國

ㄚ ㄦˇ ㄊㄞˋ ㄍㄨㄥˋ ㄏㄜˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ

ㄚ ㄦˇ ㄊㄞˋ ㄍㄨㄥˋ ㄏㄜˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ

Аэртай Гунхэго

/ˀä⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰaɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ kʊŋ⁵¹ xɤ³⁵ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

Altai Republic
Altai Republic#English:_Q5971

Altai Republic (a republic and federal subject of Russia, in southern Siberia)


圖瓦共和國

ㄊㄨˊ ㄨㄚˇ ㄍㄨㄥˋ ㄏㄜˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ

ㄊㄨˊ ㄨㄚˇ ㄍㄨㄥˋ ㄏㄜˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ

Тува Гунхэго

/tʰu³⁵ wä²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʊŋ⁵¹ xɤ³⁵ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

/tʰu³⁵ wä²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʊŋ⁵¹ xɤ³⁵ ku̯ɔ³⁵/


三姓

/sän⁵⁵ ɕiŋ⁵¹/

/sän⁵⁵ ɕiŋ⁵¹/

Calque of Manchu ᡳᠯᠠᠨ
ᡥᠠᠯᠠ (ilan hala, literally “three surnames”).

cal

(historical) Yilan (a city in Northeast China)


法屬印度支那

ㄈㄚˇ ㄕㄨˇ ㄧㄣˋ ㄉㄨˋ ㄓ ㄋㄚˋ

ㄈㄚˇ ㄕㄨˇ ㄧㄣˋ ㄉㄨˋ ㄓ ㄋㄚˋ

Фашу Иньдучжина

/fä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ʂu²¹⁴⁻²¹ in⁵¹⁻⁵³ tu⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ nä⁵¹/

French Indochina
French Indochina#English:_Q646374

French Indochina (a group of former French colonies, later a confederation of associated states, existing in Indochina in Southeast Asia from 1887 to 1954 and consisting of the current territories of Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia)


旅大

→ English: Lüda

/ly²¹⁴⁻²¹ tä⁵¹/

/lɵy̯¹³ taːi̯²²/

/ly²¹⁴⁻²¹ tä⁵¹/

/lɵy̯¹³ taːi̯²²/

From 旅順／旅顺 (Lǚshùn, “Lüshun”) + 大連／大连 (Dàlián).

zh-l

大連／大连 (Dàlián)

(～市) (historical) Lüda (a former directly-administered municipality in China, from 1950 to 1954; a former prefecture-level city of Liaoning, China, from 1954 to 1981; modern Dalian)


亞布力

/jä⁵¹⁻⁵³ pu⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹/

/jä²¹⁴⁻²¹ pu⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹/

/jä⁵¹⁻⁵³ pu⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹/

/jä²¹⁴⁻²¹ pu⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹/

From a station built by Russians in 1899 named 亞布洛尼／亚布洛尼, from Russian я́блони (jábloni, “apple trees”).

der

(～鎮) Yabuli (a town in Shangzhi, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China)


剛察

/kɑŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰä³⁵/

/kɔːŋ⁵⁵ t͡sʰaːt̚³/

/kɑŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰä³⁵/

/kɔːŋ⁵⁵ t͡sʰaːt̚³/

Borrowed from Tibetan རྐང་ཚ (rkang tsha), from Tibetan རྐང (rkang, “foot”) + ཚ (tsha, “salt”).

(～縣) Gangca (a county of Haibei prefecture, Qinghai, China)


萊佛士坊

ㄌㄞˊ ㄈㄛˊ ㄕˋ ㄈㄤˊ

ㄌㄞˊ ㄈㄛˊ ㄕˋ ㄈㄤ

/laɪ̯³⁵ fu̯ɔ³⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹ fɑŋ³⁵/

/laɪ̯³⁵ fu̯ɔ³⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹ fɑŋ⁵⁵/

/laɪ̯³⁵ fu̯ɔ³⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹ fɑŋ³⁵/

/laɪ̯³⁵ fu̯ɔ³⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹ fɑŋ⁵⁵/


梧槽

/u³⁵ t͡sʰɑʊ̯³⁵/

/u³⁵ t͡sʰɑʊ̯³⁵/


江漢平原

ㄐㄧㄤ ㄏㄢˋ ㄆㄧㄥˊ ㄩㄢˊ

ㄐㄧㄤ ㄏㄢˋ ㄆㄧㄥˊ ㄩㄢˊ

Цзянхань Пинъюань

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ xän⁵¹ pʰiŋ³⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ xän⁵¹ pʰiŋ³⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

Jianghan Plain (an alluvial plain located in central and southern Hubei, China, named for the confluence of the Yangtze (Chang Jiang) and Han rivers)


關東平原

ㄍㄨㄢ ㄉㄨㄥ ㄆㄧㄥˊ ㄩㄢˊ

ㄍㄨㄢ ㄉㄨㄥ ㄆㄧㄥˊ ㄩㄢˊ

Гуаньдун Пинъюань

/ku̯än⁵⁵ tʊŋ⁵⁵ pʰiŋ³⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

/ku̯än⁵⁵ tʊŋ⁵⁵ pʰiŋ³⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

Kantō Plain (a plain located in the Kantō region of central Honshu, Japan)


富平

/fu⁵¹ pʰiŋ³⁵/

/fuː³³ pʰɪŋ²¹/

/fu⁵¹ pʰiŋ³⁵/

/fuː³³ pʰɪŋ²¹/

(～縣) Fuping (a county of Weinan, Shaanxi, China)


橫城

/xɤŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/waːŋ²¹ sɪŋ²¹/

/xɤŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/waːŋ²¹ sɪŋ²¹/

(～郡) Hoengseong (a county of Gangwon Province, South Korea)


鬼島

Calque of Malay Pulau Hantu (literally “ghost island”).

clq

/ku̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kʷɐi̯³⁵ tou̯³⁵/

/ku̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kʷɐi̯³⁵ tou̯³⁵/

Pulau Hantu (an island of the West Region, Singapore)


康馬

/kʰɑŋ⁵⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/hɔːŋ⁵⁵ maː¹³/

/kʰɑŋ⁵⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/hɔːŋ⁵⁵ maː¹³/

Borrowed from Tibetan ཁང་དམར (khang dmar).

(～縣) Kangmar (a county of Shigatse, Tibet Autonomous Region, China)


柯里敘利亞

ㄎㄜ ㄌㄧˇ ㄒㄩˋ ㄌㄧˋ ㄧㄚˋ

ㄎㄜ ㄌㄧˇ ㄒㄩˋ ㄌㄧˋ ㄧㄚˇ

/kʰɤ⁵⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕy⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹⁻⁵³ jä⁵¹/

/kʰɤ⁵⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕy⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

o¹ léi⁵ zêu⁶ léi⁶ a³

/ɔː⁵⁵ lei̯¹³ t͡sɵy̯²² lei̯²² aː³³/

/kʰɤ⁵⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕy⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹⁻⁵³ jä⁵¹/

/ɔː⁵⁵ lei̯¹³ t͡sɵy̯²² lei̯²² aː³³/

From Ancient Greek Κοίλη Συρία (Koílē Suría, literally “hollow Syria”).

bor

Coele-Syria (an ancient Hellenistic region in modern Syria, referring to the Beqaa Valley between the Lebanon and Anti-Lebanon mountains)

Coele-Syria (a former province of the Late Roman Empire, in existence from 198 to c. 400 AD)


寧蒗

/niŋ³⁵ lɑŋ⁵¹/

/nɪŋ²¹ lɔːŋ²²/

/niŋ³⁵ lɑŋ⁵¹/

/nɪŋ²¹ lɔːŋ²²/

From combining the second character of 永寧／永宁 (Yǒngníng) with the first character of 蒗蕖.

彝族自治縣 彝族自治縣#Chinese

(～彝族自治縣, ～縣) Ninglang (an autonomous county of Lijiang, Yunnan, China)


臨淄

/lɐm²¹ t͡siː⁵⁵/

/lɐm²¹ t͡siː⁵⁵/

(～區) Linzi District (a district of Zibo, Shandong, China)


劍川

/t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

(～縣) Jianchuan (a county of Dali prefecture, Yunnan, China)


居延

/t͡ɕy⁵⁵ jɛn³⁵/

/t͡ɕy⁵⁵ jɛn³⁵/

Possibly from the Xiongnu language according to Han-era historiography, especially Yan Shigu's annotation to the Book of Han.

Driving a solitary carriage, I am going to visit the frontier. I passed through the vassal state Juyan.

單車欲問邊，屬國過居延。

单车欲问边，属国过居延。

(historical) Juyan (a former settlement located in present-day Alxa League, Inner Mongolia autonomous region, China)

Book of Han
Han dynasty
Xiongnu
Yan Shigu


居延海

/t͡ɕy⁵⁵ jɛn³⁵ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡ɕy⁵⁵ jɛn³⁵ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Juyan Lake (a lake in Ejin Banner, Alxa League, Inner Mongolia autonomous region, China)


科威特城

ㄎㄜ ㄨㄟ ㄊㄜˋ ㄔㄥˊ

ㄎㄜ ㄨㄟ ㄊㄜˋ ㄔㄥˊ

/kʰɤ⁵⁵ weɪ̯⁵⁵ tʰɤ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/fɔː⁵⁵ wɐi̯⁵⁵ tɐk̚² sɪŋ²¹/

/kʰɤ⁵⁵ weɪ̯⁵⁵ tʰɤ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/fɔː⁵⁵ wɐi̯⁵⁵ tɐk̚² sɪŋ²¹/

Kuwait City (the capital city of Kuwait)


隴縣

/lʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/lʊŋ¹³ jyːn²²/

/lʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/lʊŋ¹³ jyːn²²/

Long County, Longxian (a county of Baoji, Shaanxi, China)


磨憨

/mu̯ɔ³⁵ xän⁵⁵/

/mu̯ɔ³⁵ xän⁵⁵/

(～鎮) Mohan (a town in Mengla, Xishuangbanna prefecture, Yunnan, China)


班洪

/pän⁵⁵ xʊŋ³⁵/

/pän⁵⁵ xʊŋ³⁵/

(～鄉) Banhong (a township in Cangyuan, Lincang, Yunann, China)


滄源

/t͡sʰɑŋ⁵⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

/t͡sʰɑŋ⁵⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

佤族自治縣 佤族自治縣#Chinese

(～佤族自治縣, ～縣) Cangyuan (an autonomous county of Lincang, Yunnan, China)


班老

/pän⁵⁵ lɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pän⁵⁵ lɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(～鄉) Banlao (a township in Cangyuan, Lincang, Yunann, China)


宣武

/ɕy̯ɛn⁵⁵ u²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ɕy̯ɛn⁵⁵ u²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(～區) (historical) Xuanwu (a former district of Beijing, China, now part of Xicheng district)


蒙特雷

/mɤŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰɤ⁵¹ leɪ̯³⁵/

/mɤŋ³⁵ tʰɤ⁵¹ leɪ̯³⁵/

/mʊŋ²¹ tɐk̚² lɵy̯²¹/

/mɤŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰɤ⁵¹ leɪ̯³⁵/

/mɤŋ³⁵ tʰɤ⁵¹ leɪ̯³⁵/

/mʊŋ²¹ tɐk̚² lɵy̯²¹/

Monterrey (a city, the capital of the state of Nuevo León, Mexico)


下加利福尼亞

ㄒㄧㄚˋ ㄐㄧㄚ ㄌㄧˋ ㄈㄨˊ ㄋㄧˊ ㄧㄚˋ

ㄒㄧㄚˋ ㄐㄧㄚ ㄌㄧˋ ㄈㄨˊ ㄋㄧˊ ㄧㄚˇ

Ся Цзялифуния

/ɕi̯ä⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ li⁵¹ fu³⁵ ni³⁵ jä⁵¹/

/ɕi̯ä⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ li⁵¹ fu³⁵ ni³⁵ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ɕi̯ä⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ li⁵¹ fu³⁵ ni³⁵ jä⁵¹/

(～州) Baja California (a state of Mexico)


塔科馬

/tʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰɤ⁵⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰɤ⁵⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Tacoma (a city, the county seat of Pierce County, Washington, United States)


烏斯懷亞

ㄨ ㄙ ㄏㄨㄞˊ ㄧㄚˋ

ㄨ ㄙ ㄏㄨㄞˊ ㄧㄚˇ

/u⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ xu̯aɪ̯³⁵ jä⁵¹/

/u⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ xu̯aɪ̯³⁵ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/u⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ xu̯aɪ̯³⁵ jä⁵¹/

/u⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ xu̯aɪ̯³⁵ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(Mainland China) Ushuaia (a city, the provincial capital of Tierra del Fuego, in southern Argentina)


些路

/ɕi̯ɛ⁵⁵ lu⁵¹/

/sɛː⁵⁵ lou̯²²/

/ɕi̯ɛ⁵⁵ lu⁵¹/

/sɛː⁵⁵ lou̯²²/

孫中山, 建國方略之二 物質建設 第三計劃 /建国方略之二 物质建设 第三计划

suǒyǐ wúrén zhī jìngzhēng hǎigǎng, yǒurú Wēngēhuá, Xiēlù, Dǎjīnmá zhě, […]

所以吾人知競爭海港，有如溫哥華、些路、打金麻者，[…]

孫中山, 建國方略之二 物質建設 第三計劃 /建国方略之二 物质建设 第三计划

所以吾人知竞争海港，有如温哥华、些路、打金麻者，[…]

(obsolete) Seattle (a city in Washington, United States)


阿公店

/ˀä⁵⁵ kʊŋ⁵⁵ ti̯ɛn⁵¹/

/a⁴⁴⁻²² kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tiam²¹/

/a³³ kɔŋ³³ tiam⁴¹/

/a⁴⁴⁻²² kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tiam²¹/

/a⁴⁴⁻³³ kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tiam¹¹/

/a⁴⁴⁻³³ kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tiam²¹/

/ˀä⁵⁵ kʊŋ⁵⁵ ti̯ɛn⁵¹/

/a⁴⁴⁻²² kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tiam²¹/

/a³³ kɔŋ³³ tiam⁴¹/

/a⁴⁴⁻²² kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tiam²¹/

/a⁴⁴⁻³³ kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tiam¹¹/

/a⁴⁴⁻³³ kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tiam²¹/

Old name for 岡山／冈山 (Gāngshān). (a suburban district of Kaohsiung, Taiwan)


弱水

/ʐu̯ɔ⁵¹ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʐu̯ɔ⁵¹ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Ruo Shui (a river in Gansu and Inner Mongolia, China)


霍爾果斯河

ㄏㄨㄛˋ ㄦˇ ㄍㄨㄛˇ ㄙ ㄏㄜˊ

ㄏㄨㄛˋ ㄦˇ ㄍㄨㄛˇ ㄙ ㄏㄜˊ

/xu̯ɔ⁵¹ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ku̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ sz̩⁵⁵ xɤ³⁵/

Khorgas River (a river in China and Kazakhstan)


烏倫古湖

ㄨ ㄌㄨㄣˊ ㄍㄨˇ ㄏㄨˊ

ㄨ ㄌㄨㄣˊ ㄍㄨˇ ㄏㄨˊ

/u⁵⁵ lu̯ən³⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ xu³⁵/

/wuː⁵⁵ lɵn²¹ kuː³⁵ wuː²¹/

/u⁵⁵ lu̯ən³⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ xu³⁵/

/wuː⁵⁵ lɵn²¹ kuː³⁵ wuː²¹/

Ulungur Lake (a lake in Fuhai, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


米脂

/mi²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/

/mɐi̯¹³ t͡siː⁵⁵/

/mi²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/

/mɐi̯¹³ t͡siː⁵⁵/

(～縣) Mizhi (a county of Yulin, Shaanxi, China)


資江

/t͡sz̩⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sz̩⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/


安縣

/ˀän⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/ɔːn⁵⁵ jyːn²²/

/ˀän⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/ɔːn⁵⁵ jyːn²²/

(historical) An County, Anxian (a former county of Sichuan, China)


金馬崙

ㄐㄧㄣ ㄇㄚˇ ㄌㄨㄣˊ

ㄐㄧㄣ ㄇㄚˇ ㄌㄨㄣˊ

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ lu̯ən³⁵/

/kɐm⁵⁵ maː¹³ lɵn²¹/

/kim⁴⁴⁻²² be⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lun⁴⁴/

/kim³³ be⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ lun³³/

/kim⁴⁴⁻²² be⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lun⁴⁴/

/kim⁴⁴⁻³³ be⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lun⁴⁴/

/kim⁴⁴⁻³³ be⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ lun⁴⁴/

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ lu̯ən³⁵/

/kɐm⁵⁵ maː¹³ lɵn²¹/

/kim⁴⁴⁻²² be⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lun⁴⁴/

/kim³³ be⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ lun³³/

/kim⁴⁴⁻²² be⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lun⁴⁴/

/kim⁴⁴⁻³³ be⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lun⁴⁴/

/kim⁴⁴⁻³³ be⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ lun⁴⁴/

Cameron Highlands
Cameron Highlands#English

Cameron Highlands (a hill station and district of Pahang, Malaysia)


查謨

/ʈ͡ʂʰä³⁵ mu̯ɔ³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰä³⁵ mu̯ɔ³⁵/

Jammu and Kashmir
Jammu and Kashmir#English

Jammu (a city, the winter capital of Jammu and Kashmir, India)


貴德

/ku̯eɪ̯⁵¹ tɤ³⁵/

/kʷɐi̯³³ tɐk̚⁵/

/ku̯eɪ̯⁵¹ tɤ³⁵/

/kʷɐi̯³³ tɐk̚⁵/

(～縣) Guide (a county of Hainan prefecture, Qinghai, China)


克克吐魯克

ㄎㄜˋ ㄎㄜˋ ㄊㄨˋ ㄌㄨˇ ㄎㄜˋ

ㄎㄜˋ ㄎㄜˋ ㄊㄨˋ ㄌㄨˇ ㄎㄜˋ

/kʰɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ kʰɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ tʰu⁵¹ lu²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰɤ⁵¹/

Taxkorgan Tajik Autonomous County
w:Taxkorgan Tajik Autonomous County

Keketuluke (a region of Taxkorgan Tajik Autonomous County, Kashgar prefecture, Xinjiang, China; located in the Pamir Mountains near the China-Afghanistan border)


外雙溪

/waɪ̯⁵¹ ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ ɕi⁵⁵/

/ŋɔːi̯²² sœːŋ⁵⁵ kʰɐi̯⁵⁵/

/waɪ̯⁵¹ ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ ɕi⁵⁵/

/ŋɔːi̯²² sœːŋ⁵⁵ kʰɐi̯⁵⁵/

Waishuangxi (a branch of the Keelung River that flows through Shilin District, Taipei)


大雪山

/tä⁵¹ ɕy̯ɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

/tua²²⁻²¹ se(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ suã⁴⁴/

/tua²²⁻²¹ se(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ suã⁴⁴/

/tua³³⁻¹¹ se(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ suã⁴⁴/

/tua³³⁻²¹ se(ʔ)³²⁻⁴¹ suã⁴⁴/

/tä⁵¹ ɕy̯ɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

/tua²²⁻²¹ se(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ suã⁴⁴/

/tua²²⁻²¹ se(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ suã⁴⁴/

/tua³³⁻¹¹ se(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ suã⁴⁴/

/tua³³⁻²¹ se(ʔ)³²⁻⁴¹ suã⁴⁴/

Daxue Mountains (a great mountain range in the western part of Sichuan province in Southwest China; part of the Hengduan Mountains)

Dasyueshan (mountain in Taiwan along the Xueshan Range)


路南

(～區) Lunan (a district of Tangshan, Hebei, China)


大涼山

/tä⁵¹ li̯ɑŋ³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/taːi̯²² lœːŋ²¹ saːn⁵⁵/

/tä⁵¹ li̯ɑŋ³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/taːi̯²² lœːŋ²¹ saːn⁵⁵/

Daliang Mountains (a mountain range in the southern part of the Sichuan province, China)


越西

/jyːt̚² sɐi̯⁵⁵/

/jyːt̚² sɐi̯⁵⁵/

Name change from homophonous 越嶲 in 1959.

(～縣) Yuexi (a county of Liangshan prefecture, Sichuan, China)


毛坦廠

/mɑʊ̯³⁵ tʰän²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/mɑʊ̯³⁵ tʰän²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(～鎮) Maotanchang (a town in Jin'an district, Lu'an, Anhui, China)


博川

/pu̯ɔ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

/pu̯ɔ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

(～郡) Pakch'ŏn (a county of North Pyongan Province, North Korea)


都昌

/toʊ̯⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ⁵⁵/

/tou̯⁵⁵ t͡sʰœːŋ⁵⁵/

/toʊ̯⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ⁵⁵/

/tou̯⁵⁵ t͡sʰœːŋ⁵⁵/

(～縣) Duchang (a county of Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China)


渭水

/weɪ̯⁵¹ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/wɐi̯²² sɵy̯³⁵/

/weɪ̯⁵¹ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/wɐi̯²² sɵy̯³⁵/


耶京

/jɛ⁵⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵/

/jɛ³⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵/

/jɛ⁵⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵/

/jɛ³⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵/

Jerusalem (the claimed (and de-facto) capital city of Israel; the claimed capital city of Palestine)


隰縣

/ɕi³⁵ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/ɕi³⁵ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

Xi County, Xixian (a county of Linfen, Shanxi, China)


暹京

/ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵/

/ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵/

(obsolete) Bangkok (the capital city of Thailand)


北關

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ku̯än⁵⁵/

/pɐk̚⁵ kʷaːn⁵⁵/

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ku̯än⁵⁵/

/pɐk̚⁵ kʷaːn⁵⁵/

(～區) Beiguan (a district of Anyang, Henan, China)


金寨

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂaɪ̯⁵¹/

/kɐm⁵⁵ t͡saːi̯²²/

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂaɪ̯⁵¹/

/kɐm⁵⁵ t͡saːi̯²²/

(～縣) Jinzhai (a county of Lu'an, Anhui, China)


內黃

/neɪ̯⁵¹ xu̯ɑŋ³⁵/

/nɔːi̯²² wɔːŋ²¹/

/neɪ̯⁵¹ xu̯ɑŋ³⁵/

/nɔːi̯²² wɔːŋ²¹/

(～縣) Neihuang (a county of Anyang, Henan, China)


蘭坪

/län³⁵ pʰiŋ³⁵/

/laːn²¹ pʰɪŋ²¹/

/län³⁵ pʰiŋ³⁵/

/laːn²¹ pʰɪŋ²¹/

白族普米族自治縣 白族普米族自治縣#Chinese

(～白族普米族自治縣, ～縣) Lanping (an autonomous county of Lijiang prefecture, Yunnan, China)


慕士塔格

ㄇㄨˋ ㄕˋ ㄊㄚˇ ㄍㄜˊ

ㄇㄨˋ ㄕˋ ㄊㄚˇ ㄍㄜˊ

/mu⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹ tʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹ kɤ³⁵/

/mu⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹ tʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹ kɤ³⁵/

Borrowed from Uyghur مۇز تاغ (muz tagh).

(～峰, ～山) Muztagh Ata, Muztagata (a mountain in the western Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


公格爾

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ kɤ³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ kɤ³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(～峰, ～山) Kongur Tagh (a mountain in Akto, Kizilsu prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


循化

/ɕyn³⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹/

/t͡sʰɵn²¹ faː³³/

/ɕyn³⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹/

/t͡sʰɵn²¹ faː³³/

撒拉族自治縣 撒拉族自治縣#Chinese

(～撒拉族自治縣, ～縣) Xunhua (an autonomous county of Haidong, Qinghai, China)


公格爾九別峰

ㄍㄨㄥ ㄍㄜˊ ㄦˇ ㄐㄧㄡˇ ㄅㄧㄝˊ ㄈㄥ

ㄍㄨㄥ ㄍㄜˊ ㄦˇ ㄐㄧㄡˇ ㄅㄧㄝˊ ㄈㄥ

Гунгээрцзюбе Фэн

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ kɤ³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ pi̯ɛ³⁵ fɤŋ⁵⁵/

Kongur Tiube (a mountain in Akto, Kizilsu prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


哲蚌寺

/ʈ͡ʂɤ³⁵ pɑŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ sz̩⁵¹/

/t͡siːt̚³ pʰɔːŋ¹³ t͡siː²²⁻³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂɤ³⁵ pɑŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ sz̩⁵¹/

/t͡siːt̚³ pʰɔːŋ¹³ t͡siː²²⁻³⁵/

From Tibetan འབྲས་སྤུངས ('bras spungs) + 寺 (sì, “monastery”).

Drepung Monastery (a Gelug gompa located at the foot of Mount Gephel in the western suburbs of Lhasa, Tibet Autonomous Region, China)


貴嶼

→ English: Guiyu

/ku̯eɪ̯⁵¹ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kui²¹³⁻⁵⁵ sɯ³⁵/

/ku̯eɪ̯⁵¹ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kui²¹³⁻⁵⁵ sɯ³⁵/

(～鎮) Guiyu (a town in Chaoyang district, Shantou, Guangdong, China)


達濠

/tä³⁵ xɑʊ̯³⁵/

/tä³⁵ xɑʊ̯³⁵/

(～街道) Dahao (a subdistrict of Haojiang district, Shantou, Guangdong, China)


隆江

/lʊŋ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/leŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ kaŋ³³/

/lʊŋ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/leŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ kaŋ³³/

(～鎮) Longjiang (a town in Huilai, Jieyang, Guangdong, China)


洛川

/lu̯ɔ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

/lɔːk̚³ t͡sʰyːn⁵⁵/

/lu̯ɔ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

/lɔːk̚³ t͡sʰyːn⁵⁵/

(～縣) Luochuan (a county of Yan'an, Shaanxi, China)


富縣

/fu⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/fu⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

Name change from near-homophonous 鄜縣／鄜县 in 1964.

Fu County, Fuxian (a county of Yan'an, Shaanxi, China)


孫厝

/su̯ən⁵⁵ t͡sʰu̯ɔ⁵¹/

/su̯ən⁵⁵ t͡sʰu̯ɔ⁵¹/

(～社區) Suncuo (a residential community in Qiaoying, Jimei district, Xiamen, Fujian, China)


何厝

/xɤ³⁵ t͡sʰu̯ɔ⁵¹/

/xɤ³⁵ t͡sʰu̯ɔ⁵¹/

(～社區) Hecuo (a residential community in Lianqian, Siming district, Xiamen, Fujian, China)


色拉寺

/sɤ⁵¹ lä⁵⁵ sz̩⁵¹/

/sɪk̚⁵ laːi̯⁵⁵ t͡siː²²⁻³⁵/

/sɤ⁵¹ lä⁵⁵ sz̩⁵¹/

/sɪk̚⁵ laːi̯⁵⁵ t͡siː²²⁻³⁵/

From Tibetan སེ་ར (se ra) + 寺 (sì, “monastery”).

Sera Monastery (a Gelug monastery located in the northern suburbs of Lhasa, Tibet Autonomous Region, China)


塔爾寺

/tʰä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ sz̩⁵¹/

/tʰaːp̚³ jiː¹³ t͡siː²²⁻³⁵/

/tʰä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ sz̩⁵¹/

/tʰaːp̚³ jiː¹³ t͡siː²²⁻³⁵/

Kumbum Monastery (a Gelug gompa in Xining, Qinghai, China)


顏厝

/jɛn³⁵ t͡sʰu̯ɔ⁵¹/

/jɛn³⁵ t͡sʰu̯ɔ⁵¹/

(～鎮) Yancuo (a town in Zhangzhou, Fujian, China)

Yen-ts'o (an area in Lukang, Changhua, Taiwan)


噶倫堡

ㄍㄚˊ ㄌㄨㄣˊ ㄅㄠˇ

ㄍㄚˊ ㄌㄨㄣˊ ㄅㄠˇ

/kä³⁵ lu̯ən³⁵ pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kä³⁵ lu̯ən³⁵ pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(dated) Kalimpong (a town in West Bengal, India)


西姆拉

/ɕi⁵⁵ mu²¹⁴⁻²¹ lä⁵⁵/

/ɕi⁵⁵ mu²¹⁴⁻²¹ lä⁵⁵/

Himachal Pradesh
Himachal Pradesh#English

Shimla, Simla (a city, the capital of Himachal Pradesh, India)


固始

/ku⁵¹ ʂʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kuː³³ t͡sʰiː³⁵/

/ku⁵¹ ʂʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kuː³³ t͡sʰiː³⁵/

(～縣) Gushi (a county of Xinyang, Henan, China)


蘭陽溪

/län³⁵ jɑŋ³⁵ ɕi⁵⁵/

/lan²⁴⁻³³ iaŋ²⁴⁻³³ kʰe⁴⁴/

/lan²³⁻³³ iɔŋ²³⁻³³ kʰe⁴⁴/

/lan²⁴⁻¹¹ iɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ kʰue⁴⁴/

/län³⁵ jɑŋ³⁵ ɕi⁵⁵/

/lan²⁴⁻³³ iaŋ²⁴⁻³³ kʰe⁴⁴/

/lan²³⁻³³ iɔŋ²³⁻³³ kʰe⁴⁴/

/lan²⁴⁻¹¹ iɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ kʰue⁴⁴/

Lanyang River (a river in Yilan, Taiwan)


洛隆

/lu̯ɔ⁵¹ lʊŋ³⁵/

/lɔːk̚³ lʊŋ²¹/

/lu̯ɔ⁵¹ lʊŋ³⁵/

/lɔːk̚³ lʊŋ²¹/

Borrowed from Tibetan ལྷོ་རོང (lho rong).

(～縣) Lhorong (a county of Chamdo, Tibet Autonomous Region, China)


諸羅

/ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵/

/t͡su⁴⁴⁻²² lo²⁴/

/t͡su⁴⁴⁻²² lo¹³/

/t͡su⁴⁴⁻³³ lo²⁴/

/t͡su⁴⁴⁻³³ lɤ²³/

/ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵/

/t͡su⁴⁴⁻²² lo²⁴/

/t͡su⁴⁴⁻²² lo¹³/

/t͡su⁴⁴⁻³³ lo²⁴/

/t͡su⁴⁴⁻³³ lɤ²³/

(historical) (～縣) Zhuluo (a county of the Qing dynasty in Taiwan; modern Chiayi County)


聖克拉拉

ㄕㄥˋ ㄎㄜˋ ㄌㄚ ㄌㄚ

ㄕㄥˋ ㄎㄜˋ ㄌㄚ ㄌㄚ

/ʂɤŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ kʰɤ⁵¹ lä⁵⁵ lä⁵⁵/

/ʂɤŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ kʰɤ⁵¹ lä⁵⁵ lä⁵⁵/

Santa Clara County
Santa Clara County#English

Santa Clara (a city in Santa Clara County, California, United States)


帕羅奧圖

ㄆㄚˋ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄠˋ ㄊㄨˊ

ㄆㄚˋ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄠˋ ㄊㄨˊ

/pʰä⁵¹ lu̯ɔ³⁵ ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹ tʰu³⁵/

/pʰä⁵¹ lu̯ɔ³⁵ ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹ tʰu³⁵/

Palo Alto (a city in Santa Clara County, California, United States)


甘丹寺

/kän⁵⁵ tän⁵⁵ sz̩⁵¹/

/kɐm⁵⁵ taːn⁵⁵ t͡siː²²⁻³⁵/

/kän⁵⁵ tän⁵⁵ sz̩⁵¹/

/kɐm⁵⁵ taːn⁵⁵ t͡siː²²⁻³⁵/

From Tibetan དགའ་ལྡན (dga' ldan) + 寺 (sì, “monastery”).

Ganden Monastery (a Gelug monastery located in Dagzê district, Lhasa, Tibet Autonomous Region, China)


關上

/ku̯än⁵⁵ ʂɑŋ⁵¹/

/ku̯än⁵⁵ ʂɑŋ⁵¹/

(～村) Guanshang (a village in Zhenluoying, Pinggu district, Beijing, China)

(～村) Guanshang (a village in Yangqi, Shangli, Pingxiang, Jiangxi, China)

(～村) Guanshang (a village in Xizhai, Min County, Dingxi, Gansu, China)


揭東

/t͡ɕi̯ɛ⁵⁵ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/kʰiːt̚³ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/kek̚²⁻⁴ taŋ³³/

/t͡ɕi̯ɛ⁵⁵ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/kʰiːt̚³ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/kek̚²⁻⁴ taŋ³³/

(～區, formerly ～縣) Jiedong (a district, a former county of Jieyang, Guangdong, China)


惶恐灘

ㄏㄨㄤˊ ㄎㄨㄥˇ ㄊㄢ

ㄏㄨㄤˊ ㄎㄨㄥˇ ㄊㄢ

Хуанкун Тань

/xu̯ɑŋ³⁵ kʰʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰän⁵⁵/

/wɔːŋ²¹ hʊŋ³⁵ tʰaːn⁵⁵/

/xu̯ɑŋ³⁵ kʰʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰän⁵⁵/

/wɔːŋ²¹ hʊŋ³⁵ tʰaːn⁵⁵/

Huangkong Beach (one of the eighteen beaches along the Gan River, in Jiangxi, China)