北京

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (北京):
* → Japanese: 北京(ほっきょう) (Hokkyō)
* → Korean: 북경(北京) (Bukgyeong)
* → Vietnamese: Bắc Kinh (北京)

→ Amis: Piking

→ Arabic: بِكِين (bikīn)

→ Asturian: Beijing

→ Belarusian: Пекі́н (Pjekín)

→ Bengali: বেইজিং (beijiṅ)

→ Bouyei: Bagtjingl

desc

→ Burmese: ပေကျင်း (pe-kyang:), ပီကင်း (pikang:)

→ Catalan: Pequín

→ Czech: Peking

→ Danish: Beijing, Peking

→ Dutch: Peking

→ English: Beijing, Peking, Pei-ching

→ French: Pékin

→ Finnish: Peking, Beijing

→ Georgian: პეკინი (ṗeḳini)

→ German: Peking

→ Greek: Πεκίνο (Pekíno)

→ Hebrew: בייג׳ינג (beijing)

→ Hindi: बेजिंग (bejiṅg)

→ Hlai: Bhakgengs

→ Hungarian: Peking

→ Italian: Pechino

→ Japanese: 北(ペ)京(キン) (Pekin)

→ Kazakh: Бейжің (Beijıñ)

→ Khmer: ប៉េកាំង (peekang)

→ Korean: 베이징 (Beijing)

→ Lao: ປັກກິງ (pak king)

→ Latin: Pechinum

→ Latvian: Pekina

→ Lithuanian: Pekinas

→ Lü: ᦵᦗᦲᧉᦋᦲᧃᧈ (poe²tsiin¹)

→ Lü: ᦵᦗᦲᧉᦋᦲᧃᧈ (poe²tsiin¹)

→ Macedonian: Пекинг (Peking)

→ Manchu: ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ (beging)

→ Mongolian: Бээжин (Beežin) / ᠪᠡᠭᠡᠵᠢᠩ (begeǰing)

→ Nepali: बेइजिङ (beijiṅ)

→ Nuosu: ꀙꏢ (bip ji)

→ Persian: پکن (pekan)

→ Polish: Pekin

→ Portuguese: Pequim

→ Romanian: Beijing, Pekin

→ Russian: Пеки́н (Pekín)

→ Armenian: Պեկին (Pekin)

→ Serbo-Croatian: Пѐкинг / Pèking, Бејџинг / Bejdžing

→ Slovene: Peking

→ Spanish: Pekín, Pequín

→ Swedish: Peking, Beijing

→ Telugu: బీజింగ్ (bījiṅg)

→ Thai: ปักกิ่ง (bpàk-gìng)

→ Tibetan: པེ་ཅིན (pe cin), པེ་ཅིང (pe cing)

→ Urdu: بیجنگ (bējiṅg)

→ Uyghur: بېيجىڭ (bëyjing)

→ Zhuang: Baekging

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵/

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕiɤ̯̃ɻ⁵⁵/

/pɛ²¹ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/

/pei²⁴ t͡ɕiŋ²⁴/

/pɐk̚⁵ kɪŋ⁵⁵/

/pɛt̚⁵ t͡ɕin⁴²/

/pei⁵³ t͡ɕiŋ¹¹/

/pɛ²⁴ keiŋ⁵⁴/

/pøyʔ²⁴⁻²¹ kiŋ⁵⁵/

/paʔ¹⁻⁴⁵ kiŋ⁵³³/

/paʔ²⁻²⁴ kiŋ⁵³³/

/pak̚³²⁻⁴ kiã⁴⁴/

/pak̚⁵⁻²⁴ kiã³³/

/pak̚³²⁻⁵ kiã⁴⁴/

/pak̚³²⁻⁴ kiã⁴⁴/

/pak̚³²⁻⁴ kiã⁴⁴/

/pak̚²⁻⁴ kĩã³³/

/poʔ³³ t͡ɕin⁴⁴/

/pɤ̞²⁴ t͡ɕin³³/

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵/

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕiɤ̯̃ɻ⁵⁵/

/pɛ²¹ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/

/pei²⁴ t͡ɕiŋ²⁴/

/pɐk̚⁵ kɪŋ⁵⁵/

/pɛt̚⁵ t͡ɕin⁴²/

/pei⁵³ t͡ɕiŋ¹¹/

/pɛ²⁴ keiŋ⁵⁴/

/pøyʔ²⁴⁻²¹ kiŋ⁵⁵/

/paʔ¹⁻⁴⁵ kiŋ⁵³³/

/paʔ²⁻²⁴ kiŋ⁵³³/

/pak̚³²⁻⁴ kiã⁴⁴/

/pak̚⁵⁻²⁴ kiã³³/

/pak̚³²⁻⁵ kiã⁴⁴/

/pak̚³²⁻⁴ kiã⁴⁴/

/pak̚³²⁻⁴ kiã⁴⁴/

/pak̚²⁻⁴ kĩã³³/

/poʔ³³ t͡ɕin⁴⁴/

/pɤ̞²⁴ t͡ɕin³³/

南京 — 洛陽

Other capitals in the Four Great Ancient Capitals of China

中國的首都是北京。

中国的首都是北京。

Beijing’s spring is very suitable for cycling around the hutongs.

Běijīng de chūntiān hěn shìhé qíchē guàng hútòng.

北京的春天很適合騎車逛衚衕。

北京的春天很适合骑车逛胡同。

Forgive me for not being able to go with you to Beijing.

原諒我不能陪你去北京。

原谅我不能陪你去北京。

This story took place during the Xuande era of the current dynasty. There was an elderly man named Liu De who resided in Hexiwu town. This town is located beside the canal, about 200 lis away from Peking, and serves as a crucial route for people traveling to and from the capital from various provinces.

Feng Menglong, Stories to Awaken the World, 1627 CE

Zhè huàběn yě chū zài běncháo Xuāndé nián jiān, yǒu yī lǎozhě, xìng Liú, míng Dé, jiā zuǒ Héxīwù zhèn shàng. Zhè zhèn zài yùnhé zhī páng, lí běijīng yǒu èrbǎi lǐ tiándì, nǎi gè shěng chūrù jīngdōu de yàolù.

這話本也出在本朝宣德年間，有一老者，姓劉，名德，家佐河西務鎮上。這鎮在運河之旁，離北京有二百里田地，乃各省出入京都的要路。

这话本也出在本朝宣德年间，有一老者，姓刘，名德，家佐河西务镇上。这镇在运河之旁，离北京有二百里田地，乃各省出入京都的要路。

(～市) Beijing (a direct-administered municipality, the capital city of China)

南京 — 東京

southern capital; eastern capital; western capital


里約熱內盧

ㄌㄧˇ ㄩㄝ ㄖㄜˋ ㄋㄟˋ ㄌㄨˊ

Лиюэ Жэнэйлу

/li²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɥɛ⁵⁵ ʐɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ neɪ̯⁵¹ lu³⁵/

/lei̯¹³ jœːk̚³ jiːt̚² nɔːi̯²² lou̯²¹/

/li⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ iɔk̚³²⁻⁴ ziɛt̚⁴⁻³² lai³³⁻²¹ lɔ²³/

/li²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɥɛ⁵⁵ ʐɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ neɪ̯⁵¹ lu³⁵/

/lei̯¹³ jœːk̚³ jiːt̚² nɔːi̯²² lou̯²¹/

Borrowed from Portuguese Rio de Janeiro.

Yǒu Lǐyuērènèilú jīngchéng, zuìhǎo wān chuán chù, duō yǒu wàiguórén dào cǐ mǎimài, chuánzhī rú yǐ jù.

有里約熱內盧京城，最好灣船處，多有外國人到此買賣，船隻如蟻聚。

有里约热内卢京城，最好湾船处，多有外国人到此买卖，船只如蚁聚。

Rio de Janeiro (a municipality, the state capital of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil)


上海

→ English: Shang-hai, Shanghae, Shanghai

→ French: Shanghai, Shanghaï, Changhaï

→ Japanese: 上(シャン)海(ハイ) (Shanhai)

→ Korean: 상하이 (Sanghai)

→ Russian: Шанха́й (Šanxáj)

→ Zhuang: Sanghaij

/ʂɑŋ⁵¹ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sœːŋ²² hɔːi̯³⁵/

/siaŋ³² hᵘɔi⁵⁵/

/sɔŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ hoɪ³¹/

/sɒ̃⁴⁵ xai⁵³/

/t͡siɔŋ⁵⁵ xuɛ²¹/

/suoŋ²⁴²⁻⁵³ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ŋai³³/

/ɬyɒŋ²¹ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ŋai⁴⁵³/

/ɬyøŋ²¹ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ŋai³³²/

/siɔŋ²¹ hai⁴⁴⁵/

/siɔŋ³³⁻²¹ hai⁴¹/

/siɔŋ²²⁻²¹ hai⁴²/

/siɔŋ³³⁻¹¹ hai⁵³/

/siɔŋ²²⁻²¹ hai⁵³/

/siɔŋ²² hai⁵⁵⁴/

/siɔŋ³³⁻²² hai⁵⁵⁴/

/siaŋ²²⁻²¹ hai⁵³/

/siaŋ³⁵⁻¹¹ hai⁵²/

/zɑ̃²² he⁴⁴/

/zɑ̃²² he³³/

/ʂan²¹⁻¹¹ xai̯⁴¹/

/san²¹⁻¹¹ xai̯⁴¹/

/ʂɑŋ⁵¹ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sœːŋ²² hɔːi̯³⁵/

/siaŋ³² hᵘɔi⁵⁵/

/sɔŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ hoɪ³¹/

/sɒ̃⁴⁵ xai⁵³/

/t͡siɔŋ⁵⁵ xuɛ²¹/

/suoŋ²⁴²⁻⁵³ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ŋai³³/

/ɬyɒŋ²¹ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ŋai⁴⁵³/

/ɬyøŋ²¹ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ŋai³³²/

/siɔŋ²¹ hai⁴⁴⁵/

/siɔŋ³³⁻²¹ hai⁴¹/

/siɔŋ²²⁻²¹ hai⁴²/

/siɔŋ³³⁻¹¹ hai⁵³/

/siɔŋ²²⁻²¹ hai⁵³/

/siɔŋ²² hai⁵⁵⁴/

/siɔŋ³³⁻²² hai⁵⁵⁴/

/siaŋ²²⁻²¹ hai⁵³/

/siaŋ³⁵⁻¹¹ hai⁵²/

/zɑ̃²² he⁴⁴/

/zɑ̃²² he³³/

/ʂan²¹⁻¹¹ xai̯⁴¹/

/san²¹⁻¹¹ xai̯⁴¹/

Named after 上海浦, a historical river in Shanghai, which was filled in during the late Qing dynasty.

華亭／华亭, 松江

two historical major cities now under the juristiction of Shanghai

上海證券交易所

上海证券交易所

她最近跑到上海去了。

I still have a few things to arrange in Shanghai.

Zài Shànghǎi wǒ háiyǒu jǐ jiàn shìqíng yào ānpái.

在上海我還有幾件事情要安排。

在上海我还有几件事情要安排。

⁶non ⁵tau ⁶zaon-he ⁶le ⁰leq ¹tu-sau ⁶zen-kuaon ⁰leq

儂到上海來了多少辰光了？

侬到上海来了多少辰光了？

(～市) Shanghai (a major port city and direct-administered municipality of China, the largest urban area in China)


惡黨

/ɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ tɔŋ⁵⁵⁴/

/ɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ tɔŋ⁵⁵⁴/

From Hiligaynon Ogtong (“old name of Oton”).

恶党
恶党
福堂
屋堂
屋同
啞陳

(historical) Oton, Iloilo (a municipality of Iloilo, Iloilo, Philippines)


天津

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/

/tʰiːn⁵⁵ t͡sɵn⁵⁵/

/tʰi̯en²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sin²⁴/

/tʰɛŋ⁵³³⁻²¹ ^((t͡s-))niŋ⁵³³/

/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sin⁴⁴/

/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sin⁴⁴/

/tʰieŋ³³⁻²³ t͡siŋ³³/

/tʰiaŋ³³⁻²³ t͡siŋ³³/

/tʰi⁵⁵ t͡ɕin²¹/

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/

/tʰiːn⁵⁵ t͡sɵn⁵⁵/

/tʰi̯en²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sin²⁴/

/tʰɛŋ⁵³³⁻²¹ ^((t͡s-))niŋ⁵³³/

/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sin⁴⁴/

/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sin⁴⁴/

/tʰieŋ³³⁻²³ t͡siŋ³³/

/tʰiaŋ³³⁻²³ t͡siŋ³³/

/tʰi⁵⁵ t͡ɕin²¹/

(～市) Tianjin (a direct-administered municipality and major city in northern China)


重慶

ja-r

重慶(じゅうけい) (Jūkei)

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (重慶):
* → Japanese: 重慶(じゅうけい) (Jūkei)
* → Korean: 중경(重慶) (Junggyeong)
* → Vietnamese: Trùng Khánh (重慶)

desc

→ English: Chongqing, Chungching, Ch'ung-ch'ing, Chungking, Tchang-king

→ Japanese: 重慶(チョンチン) (Chonchin)

/ʈ͡ʂʰʊŋ³⁵ t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵¹/

/t͡sʰoŋ²¹ t͡ɕʰin²¹³/

/t͡sʰʊŋ²¹ hɪŋ³³/

/t͡sʰuŋ¹¹ kʰin⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰʊŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ kʰin⁵³/

/tʰyŋ⁵³⁻²¹ ^((kʰ-))ŋɛiŋ²¹³/

/tyŋ⁵³⁻²¹ ^((kʰ-))ŋɛiŋ²¹³/

/tœŋ¹³⁻⁵⁵ kʰiŋ⁴²/

/tyøŋ¹³⁻⁵⁵ kʰiŋ⁴²/

/tiɔŋ¹³⁻²² kʰiɪŋ²¹/

/tiɔŋ²⁴⁻²² kʰiɪŋ⁴¹/

/tiɔŋ²⁴⁻²² kʰiɪŋ²¹/

/tiɔŋ³³⁻¹¹ kʰiɪŋ¹¹/

/tiɔŋ³³⁻²¹ kʰiɪŋ²¹/

/t͡sʰoŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ kʰeŋ²¹³/

/zoŋ²² t͡ɕʰin⁴⁴/

/ʈ͡ʂʰʊŋ³⁵ t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵¹/

/t͡sʰoŋ²¹ t͡ɕʰin²¹³/

/t͡sʰʊŋ²¹ hɪŋ³³/

/t͡sʰuŋ¹¹ kʰin⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰʊŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ kʰin⁵³/

/tʰyŋ⁵³⁻²¹ ^((kʰ-))ŋɛiŋ²¹³/

/tyŋ⁵³⁻²¹ ^((kʰ-))ŋɛiŋ²¹³/

/tœŋ¹³⁻⁵⁵ kʰiŋ⁴²/

/tyøŋ¹³⁻⁵⁵ kʰiŋ⁴²/

/tiɔŋ¹³⁻²² kʰiɪŋ²¹/

/tiɔŋ²⁴⁻²² kʰiɪŋ⁴¹/

/tiɔŋ²⁴⁻²² kʰiɪŋ²¹/

/tiɔŋ³³⁻¹¹ kʰiɪŋ¹¹/

/tiɔŋ³³⁻²¹ kʰiɪŋ²¹/

/t͡sʰoŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ kʰeŋ²¹³/

/zoŋ²² t͡ɕʰin⁴⁴/

Literally "double celebration", named in 1189 after Emperor Guangzong of Song was crowned as both king and emperor.

I just received a letter from Chongqing.

Wǒ gānggāng shōudào yī fēng cóng Chóngqìng jì lái de xìn.

我剛剛收到一封從重慶寄來的信。

我刚刚收到一封从重庆寄来的信。

(～市) Chongqing (a direct-administered municipality and city in western China)


巴西利亞

ㄅㄚ ㄒㄧ ㄌㄧˋ ㄧㄚˋ

/pä⁵⁵ ɕi⁵⁵ li⁵¹⁻⁵³ jä⁵¹/

/paː⁵⁵ sɐi̯⁵⁵ lei̯²² aː³³/

/pä⁵⁵ ɕi⁵⁵ li⁵¹⁻⁵³ jä⁵¹/

/paː⁵⁵ sɐi̯⁵⁵ lei̯²² aː³³/

Distrito Federal
Distrito Federal#English

Brasília (a municipality, the capital city of Brazil; state capital of Distrito Federal, Brazil)


聖保羅

ㄕㄥˋ ㄅㄠˇ ㄌㄨㄛˊ

/ʂɤŋ⁵¹ pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ lu̯ɔ³⁵/

/sɪŋ³³ pou̯³⁵ lɔː²¹/

/ʂɤŋ⁵¹ pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ lu̯ɔ³⁵/

/sɪŋ³³ pou̯³⁵ lɔː²¹/

São Paulo (a municipality, the state capital of São Paulo, Brazil)


滑鐵盧

ㄏㄨㄚˊ ㄊㄧㄝˇ ㄌㄨˊ

/xu̯ä³⁵ tʰi̯ɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹ lu³⁵/

/kut̚⁴⁻³² tʰi(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ lɔ²⁴/

/kut̚⁴⁻³² tʰi(ʔ)³²⁻⁴¹ lɔ²³/

/xu̯ä³⁵ tʰi̯ɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹ lu³⁵/

/kut̚⁴⁻³² tʰi(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ lɔ²⁴/

/kut̚⁴⁻³² tʰi(ʔ)³²⁻⁴¹ lɔ²³/

Borrowed from English Waterloo, via Cantonese. Doublet of 窩打老／窝打老.

Waterloo (a municipality of Walloon Brabant, Belgium)


威省

/weɪ̯⁵⁵ ʂɤŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/wɐi̯⁵⁵ saːŋ³⁵/

/weɪ̯⁵⁵ ʂɤŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/wɐi̯⁵⁵ saːŋ³⁵/

Province Wellesley
Province Wellesley#English

Seberang Perai, Province Wellesley (a municipality of Penang, Malaysia)


安格拉

/ˀän⁵⁵ kɤ³⁵ lä⁵⁵/

/ˀän⁵⁵ kɤ³⁵ lä⁵⁵/

Anguera (a municipality of Bahia, Brazil)


利維夫

/li⁵¹ weɪ̯³⁵ fu⁵⁵/

/lei̯²² wɐi̯²¹ fuː⁵⁵/

/li⁵¹ weɪ̯³⁵ fu⁵⁵/

/lei̯²² wɐi̯²¹ fuː⁵⁵/

(Taiwan) Lviv, Lvov (a city and municipality, the administrative center of Lviv Oblast, Ukraine)


利沃夫

/li⁵¹⁻⁵³ wɔ⁵¹ fu⁵⁵/

/li⁵¹⁻⁵³ wɔ⁵¹ fu⁵⁵/


馬瑙斯

/mä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ nɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ sz̩⁵⁵/

/mä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ nɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ sz̩⁵⁵/

Manaus (a municipality, the state capital of Amazonas, Brazil)


加萊拉港

ㄐㄧㄚ ㄌㄞˊ ㄌㄚ ㄍㄤˇ

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ laɪ̯³⁵ lä⁵⁵ kɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kaː⁵⁵ lɔːi̯²¹ laːi̯⁵⁵ kɔːŋ³⁵/

/ka⁴⁴⁻²² lai²⁴⁻²² la²⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁵³/

/ka³³ lai²⁴⁻²² la²⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁵⁵⁴/

/ka⁴⁴⁻²² lai¹³⁻²² la¹³⁻²² kaŋ⁵³/

/ka⁴⁴⁻³³ lai²⁴⁻¹¹ la²⁴⁻¹¹ kaŋ⁵³/

/ka⁴⁴⁻³³ lai²³⁻³³ la²³⁻³³ kaŋ⁴¹/

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ laɪ̯³⁵ lä⁵⁵ kɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kaː⁵⁵ lɔːi̯²¹ laːi̯⁵⁵ kɔːŋ³⁵/

/ka⁴⁴⁻²² lai²⁴⁻²² la²⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁵³/

/ka³³ lai²⁴⁻²² la²⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁵⁵⁴/

/ka⁴⁴⁻²² lai¹³⁻²² la¹³⁻²² kaŋ⁵³/

/ka⁴⁴⁻³³ lai²⁴⁻¹¹ la²⁴⁻¹¹ kaŋ⁵³/

/ka⁴⁴⁻³³ lai²³⁻³³ la²³⁻³³ kaŋ⁴¹/

Oriental Mindoro
Oriental Mindoro#English

Puerto Galera (a municipality of Oriental Mindoro, Philippines)


科英布拉

ㄎㄜ ㄧㄥ ㄅㄨˋ ㄌㄚ

/kʰɤ⁵⁵ iŋ⁵⁵ pu⁵¹ lä⁵⁵/

/kʰɤ⁵⁵ iŋ⁵⁵ pu⁵¹ lä⁵⁵/

Coimbra (a city and municipality of Coimbra district, Portugal)

Coimbra (a municipality of Minas Gerais, Brazil)


薩拉

Salla (a municipality of Lapland, Finland)


諾基亞

/nu̯ɔ⁵¹ t͡ɕi⁵⁵ jä⁵¹/

/nu̯ɔ⁵¹ t͡ɕi⁵⁵ jä⁵¹/

Nokia (a town and municipality of Finland) near Tampere


粗市畔

/t͡sʰu⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ pʰän⁵¹/

/t͡sʰou̯⁵⁵ siː¹³ puːn²²/

/t͡sʰu⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ pʰän⁵¹/

/t͡sʰou̯⁵⁵ siː¹³ puːn²²/

Borrowed from Spanish Tuxpan, from Nahuatl Tochpan, via Taishanese.

墨國渭省粗市畔埠致公堂祝詞 [Written Vernacular Chinese, trad.]
墨国渭省粗市畔埠致公堂祝词 [Written Vernacular Chinese, simp.]

(～埠) (obsolete) Tuxpan (a municipality and city in Veracruz, Mexico)