倉

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (倉):
* → Japanese: 倉(そう) (sō)
* → Korean: 창(倉) (chang)
* → Vietnamese: thương (倉)

→ Classical Mongolian: ᠰᠠᠩ (sang)

Mongolian: ᠰᠠᠩ (sang) / сан (san)

→ Buryat: сан (san), һан (han)

→ Khamnigan Mongol: сан

→ Tuvan: саң (sañ)

→ Written Oirat: ᠰᠠᡊ (sang)

Kalmyk: саң (sañ)

→ Thai: ฉาง (chǎang)

In oracle bone and bronze inscriptions, pictogram (象形): a granary, depicting its roof (亼), a door (戶), and a pit for storing grain (口). Alternatively an ideogrammic compound (會意 /会意): 合 (“gather”) + 戶 (“door”) – a warehouse. The component 戶 corrupted into 𠁣 in Qin bamboo slips. This form was inherited in small seal script and was misinterpreted as cognate with the unrelated 食 in the Shuowen Jiezi.


兌

In the oracle bone script, it is a ideogrammic compound (會意 /会意): 八 (“speech; breath”) + 口 (“mouth”) + 人 (“person”) – speech; original character of 說 (OC *hljod, “to speak”). It is also a phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *l'oːds): phonetic 㕣 (OC *lon) + semantic 人 (“person”).
Alternatively, 八 may be interpreted as smile lines above the mouth (Gao Hongjin) or as meaning “to divide” (Lin Yiguang, i.e. the mouth is divided when smiling); in either case, the character would be the original character of 悅 (OC *lod, “pleased”).

Han compound

(historical, trading) to weigh gold or silver as currency using a balance


貿易

/mɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ i⁵¹/

/mɐu̯²² jɪk̚²/

/mɛu²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ iʔ⁵/

/bɔ²²⁻²¹ iɪk̚¹²¹/

/bɔ³³⁻²¹ iɪk̚⁴/

/bɔ²²⁻²¹ iɪk̚⁴/

/bɔ³³⁻¹¹ iɪk̚⁴/

/mɔ̃²²⁻²¹ iɪk̚¹²¹/

/mɔ̃²²⁻²¹ iɪk̚⁴/

/bio⁴¹⁻²² iak̚²⁴/

/biɤ³³⁻²¹ iɪk̚⁴/

/bio³³⁻¹¹ iɪk̚⁴/

/mou²¹³⁻⁵⁵ ek̚⁴/

/moŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ ek̚⁴/

/mɤ²² ɦiɪʔ⁴⁴/

/mɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ i⁵¹/

/mɐu̯²² jɪk̚²/

/mɛu²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ iʔ⁵/

/bɔ²²⁻²¹ iɪk̚¹²¹/

/bɔ³³⁻²¹ iɪk̚⁴/

/bɔ²²⁻²¹ iɪk̚⁴/

/bɔ³³⁻¹¹ iɪk̚⁴/

/mɔ̃²²⁻²¹ iɪk̚¹²¹/

/mɔ̃²²⁻²¹ iɪk̚⁴/

/bio⁴¹⁻²² iak̚²⁴/

/biɤ³³⁻²¹ iɪk̚⁴/

/bio³³⁻¹¹ iɪk̚⁴/

/mou²¹³⁻⁵⁵ ek̚⁴/

/moŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ ek̚⁴/

/mɤ²² ɦiɪʔ⁴⁴/

貿易爭端／贸易争端

雙邊貿易／双边贸易

推动全球贸易的增长 [MSC, simp.]
tuīdòng quánqiú màoyì de zēngzhǎng [Pinyin]

to facilitate the growth of global trade

跨境贸易的供应链金融 [MSC, simp.]
kuàjìng màoyì de gōngyìngliàn jīnróng [Pinyin]

supply chain finance for cross-border trade

This lawyer exclusively practices in international trade matters.

Zhè wèi lǜshī zhuānmén cóngshì shèwài màoyì de yèwù.

這位律師專門從事涉外貿易的業務。

这位律师专门从事涉外贸易的业务。


口岸

/kʰoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ˀän⁵¹/

/hɐu̯³⁵ ŋɔːn²²/

/kʰau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ huã²²/

/kʰau⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ huã⁴¹/

/kʰau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ huã²²/

/kʰau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ huã³³/

/kʰau⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ huã³³/

/kʰoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ˀän⁵¹/

/hɐu̯³⁵ ŋɔːn²²/

/kʰau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ huã²²/

/kʰau⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ huã⁴¹/

/kʰau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ huã²²/

/kʰau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ huã³³/

/kʰau⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ huã³³/


國際貿易

ㄍㄨㄛˊ ㄐㄧˋ ㄇㄠˋ ㄧˋ

ㄍㄨㄛˊ ㄐㄧˋ ㄇㄠˋ ㄧˋ

/ku̯ɔ³⁵ t͡ɕi⁵¹⁻⁵³ mɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ i⁵¹/

/kʷɔːk̚³ t͡sɐi̯³³ mɐu̯²² jɪk̚²/

/ku̯ɔ³⁵ t͡ɕi⁵¹⁻⁵³ mɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ i⁵¹/

/kʷɔːk̚³ t͡sɐi̯³³ mɐu̯²² jɪk̚²/


自由貿易

ㄗˋ ㄧㄡˊ ㄇㄠˋ ㄧˋ

ㄗˋ ㄧㄡˊ ㄇㄠˋ ㄧˋ

/t͡sz̩⁵¹ joʊ̯³⁵ mɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ i⁵¹/

/t͡sz̩⁵¹ joʊ̯³⁵ mɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ i⁵¹/

簽訂自由貿易協定

签订自由贸易协定


黑市

/xeɪ̯⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/hɐk̚⁵ siː¹³/

/hɛt̚¹ sz̩⁵³/

/xəʔ² sz̩⁴⁵/

/xeɪ̯⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/hɐk̚⁵ siː¹³/

/hɛt̚¹ sz̩⁵³/

/xəʔ² sz̩⁴⁵/

黑市拳賽

黑市拳赛

During the war they bought food on the black market.

Zhànzhēng qījiān tāmen zài hēishì shàng mǎi shíwù.

戰爭期間他們在黑市上買食物。

战争期间他们在黑市上买食物。

black market; illicit market; under the counter business


期貨市場

ㄑㄧ ㄏㄨㄛˋ ㄕˋ ㄔㄤˇ

ㄑㄧˊ ㄏㄨㄛˋ ㄕˋ ㄔㄤˊ

/t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵ xu̯ɔ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡ɕʰi³⁵ xu̯ɔ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵/

/t͡ɕʰi³⁵ xu̯ɔ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵/

(trading, economics, finance) futures market


以物易物

/i²¹⁴⁻²¹ u⁵¹⁻⁵³ i⁵¹⁻⁵³ u⁵¹/

/jiː¹³ mɐt̚² jɪk̚² mɐt̚²/

/i²¹⁴⁻²¹ u⁵¹⁻⁵³ i⁵¹⁻⁵³ u⁵¹/

/jiː¹³ mɐt̚² jɪk̚² mɐt̚²/


孖結

(American (–1980) and Mexico Cantonese) market (store)


自貿

/t͡sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ mɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/t͡siː²² mɐu̯²²/

/t͡sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ mɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/t͡siː²² mɐu̯²²/

自由貿易 自由貿易#Chinese

自由贸易 自由贸易#Chinese

short for 自由貿易／自由贸易 (zìyóu màoyì, “free trade”)


好倉

/xɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡sʰɑŋ⁵⁵/

/hɔː³⁵ t͡sʰɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/xɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡sʰɑŋ⁵⁵/

/hɔː³⁵ t͡sʰɔːŋ⁵⁵/

(trading) bull position (i.e. a position which benefits when the underlying equity performs well)


淡倉

/tän⁵¹ t͡sʰɑŋ⁵⁵/

/taːm²² t͡sʰɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/tän⁵¹ t͡sʰɑŋ⁵⁵/

/taːm²² t͡sʰɔːŋ⁵⁵/

(trading) bear position (i.e. a position which benefits when the underlying equity performs badly)


空倉

/kʰʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡sʰɑŋ⁵⁵/

/hʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡sʰɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/kʰʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡sʰɑŋ⁵⁵/

/hʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡sʰɔːŋ⁵⁵/

(trading) short position (i.e. a position which the holding is negative)


開倉

/kʰaɪ̯⁵⁵ t͡sʰɑŋ⁵⁵/

/hɔːi̯⁵⁵ t͡sʰɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/kʰaɪ̯⁵⁵ t͡sʰɑŋ⁵⁵/

/hɔːi̯⁵⁵ t͡sʰɔːŋ⁵⁵/


平倉

/pʰiŋ³⁵ t͡sʰɑŋ⁵⁵/

/pʰɪŋ²¹ t͡sʰɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/pʰiŋ³⁵ t͡sʰɑŋ⁵⁵/

/pʰɪŋ²¹ t͡sʰɔːŋ⁵⁵/


持倉

/ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩³⁵ t͡sʰɑŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰiː²¹ t͡sʰɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩³⁵ t͡sʰɑŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰiː²¹ t͡sʰɔːŋ⁵⁵/


加倉

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ t͡sʰɑŋ⁵⁵/

/kaː⁵⁵ t͡sʰɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ t͡sʰɑŋ⁵⁵/

/kaː⁵⁵ t͡sʰɔːŋ⁵⁵/


減倉

/t͡ɕi̯ɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡sʰɑŋ⁵⁵/

/kaːm³⁵ t͡sʰɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕi̯ɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡sʰɑŋ⁵⁵/

/kaːm³⁵ t͡sʰɔːŋ⁵⁵/

(trading) to decrease one's position; to sell shares


斬倉

/ʈ͡ʂän²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡sʰɑŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡saːm³⁵ t͡sʰɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂän²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡sʰɑŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡saːm³⁵ t͡sʰɔːŋ⁵⁵/

(Hong Kong, trading) to force close one's position (because of insufficient margin)


補倉

/pu²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡sʰɑŋ⁵⁵/

/pou̯³⁵ t͡sʰɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/pu²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡sʰɑŋ⁵⁵/

/pou̯³⁵ t͡sʰɔːŋ⁵⁵/


砍倉

/kʰän²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡sʰɑŋ⁵⁵/

/kʰän²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡sʰɑŋ⁵⁵/

(Mainland China, Taiwan, trading) to force liquidate a position


邊境貿易

ㄅㄧㄢ ㄐㄧㄥˋ ㄇㄠˋ ㄧˋ

ㄅㄧㄢ ㄐㄧㄥˋ ㄇㄠˋ ㄧˋ

бяньцзин маои

/pi̯ɛn⁵⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ mɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ i⁵¹/

/piːn⁵⁵ kɪŋ³⁵ mɐu̯²² jɪk̚²/

/pi̯ɛn⁵⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ mɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ i⁵¹/

/piːn⁵⁵ kɪŋ³⁵ mɐu̯²² jɪk̚²/


邊貿

/pi̯ɛn⁵⁵ mɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/piːn⁵⁵ mɐu̯²²/

/pi̯ɛn⁵⁵ mɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/piːn⁵⁵ mɐu̯²²/


清關

/t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵ ku̯än⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰɪŋ⁵⁵ kʷaːn⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵ ku̯än⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰɪŋ⁵⁵ kʷaːn⁵⁵/

清關手續

清关手续

to go through customs; to pass through customs; to clear customs


歲幣

/su̯eɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ pi⁵¹/

/sɵy̯³³ pɐi̯²²/

/su̯eɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ pi⁵¹/

/sɵy̯³³ pɐi̯²²/

(historical) annual tribute (in the form of money and goods) paid to foreign ethnic groups (particularly the annual tribute paid by the Song dynasty to the Liao and Jin dynasties)


辦莊

(Cantonese) business that deals in importing and exporting


南北行

/nän³⁵ peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ xɑŋ³⁵/

/naːm²¹ pɐk̚⁵ hɔːŋ²¹⁻³⁵/

/nän³⁵ peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ xɑŋ³⁵/

/naːm²¹ pɐk̚⁵ hɔːŋ²¹⁻³⁵/


間接貿易

ㄐㄧㄢˋ ㄐㄧㄝ ㄇㄠˋ ㄧˋ

ㄐㄧㄢˋ ㄐㄧㄝ ㄇㄠˋ ㄧˋ

цзяньцзе маои

/t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɛ⁵⁵ mɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ i⁵¹/

/t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɛ⁵⁵ mɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ i⁵¹/


直接貿易

ㄓˊ ㄐㄧㄝ ㄇㄠˋ ㄧˋ

ㄓˊ ㄐㄧㄝ ㄇㄠˋ ㄧˋ

/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛ⁵⁵ mɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ i⁵¹/

/t͡sɪk̚² t͡siːp̚³ mɐu̯²² jɪk̚²/

/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛ⁵⁵ mɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ i⁵¹/

/t͡sɪk̚² t͡siːp̚³ mɐu̯²² jɪk̚²/


兩用物項

ㄌㄧㄤˇ ㄩㄥˋ ㄨˋ ㄒㄧㄤˋ

ㄌㄧㄤˇ ㄩㄥˋ ㄨˋ ㄒㄧㄤˋ

/li̯ɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ jʊŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ u⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵¹/

/lœːŋ¹³ jʊŋ²² mɐt̚² hɔːŋ²²/

/li̯ɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ jʊŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ u⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵¹/

/lœːŋ¹³ jʊŋ²² mɐt̚² hɔːŋ²²/


反傾銷

/fän²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵/

/faːn³⁵ kʰɪŋ⁵⁵ siːu̯⁵⁵/

/fän²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵/

/faːn³⁵ kʰɪŋ⁵⁵ siːu̯⁵⁵/


保稅倉庫

ㄅㄠˇ ㄕㄨㄟˋ ㄘㄤ ㄎㄨˋ

ㄅㄠˇ ㄕㄨㄟˋ ㄘㄤ ㄎㄨˋ

баошуй цанку

/pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂu̯eɪ̯⁵¹ t͡sʰɑŋ⁵⁵ kʰu⁵¹/

/pou̯³⁵ sɵy̯³³ t͡sʰɔːŋ⁵⁵ fuː³³/

/pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂu̯eɪ̯⁵¹ t͡sʰɑŋ⁵⁵ kʰu⁵¹/

/pou̯³⁵ sɵy̯³³ t͡sʰɔːŋ⁵⁵ fuː³³/