朝

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (朝):
* → Japanese: 朝(ちょう) (chō)
* → Korean: 조(朝) (jo)
* → Vietnamese: triều (朝)

/t͡sʰiːu̯²¹/

/t͡sʰiːu̯²¹/

Guo Moruo
Han dynasty
Shuowen
Spring and Autumn period
Warring States period
bamboo and wooden slips

In the oracle bone script, it was an ideogrammic compound (會意 /会意): 2 or 4 屮 (“grass”) or even 木 (“tree”) + 日 (“sun”) + 月 (“moon”) – the sun rising above the ground while the waning moon is still in the sky – the morning.
In the bronze script, it was a compound of 𠦝 and a pictograph of a river (川 or 水) – this was possibly an original form for 潮 (OC *r'ew, “tide”). The river glyph may be a corruption of 月 due to association with tides or diurnal events. Chi (2010) considers such forms to be phono-semantic (形聲 /形声), where 𠦝 is the abbreviated form of the phonetic 朝 (OC *ʔr'ew, *r'ew). In the some late Western Zhou forms, 𠦝 was corrupted into a form resembling 車.
According to Guo Moruo, in the stone drum inscriptions (石鼓文 (shígǔwén), likely from the Spring and Autumn period) 㫃 was added (attached to 車), and the river glyph was replaced with 舟 (OC *tjɯw), which was interpreted as the phonetic component; the small seal script might have inherited from this form. Shuowen interpreted the fused components of 𠦝 and 㫃 as a semantic component 倝 (“dawn”). However, the accuracy of identification has been questioned; the character was a heavily weathered one in which the 㫃 identification was probably spurious and likely influenced by the Shuowen. Meanwhile, the 舟 component on the right remained somewhat legible.
The 舟 component remained in the bamboo and wooden slips of the Warring States period (see the table). In the clerical script since the Han dynasty, 舟 had been reverted to 月; it is unclear whether this was a remnant from 月 in the oracle bone script or a corruption of 舟 (as in 朕 < 𦩎 and many other characters). The current form is essentially inherited from the clerical script.
“Morning” > “perform the morning ceremony” > “to go/come to court; to have an audience”. Derivative: 潮 (OC *r'ew, “morning tide”).
Perhaps related to Thai เพรา (prao, “morning”) (Manomaivibool, 1975).

GT - General Taiwanese (no particular region identified)

paternal grandfather
paternal grandfather


揵

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

手揵起來

手揵起来

(Northern Wu, Huizhou) to lift; to raise


皮

/pʰei̯²¹⁻³⁵/

/pʰei²²⁻²²⁵/

/pʰei̯²¹⁻³⁵/

/pʰei²²⁻²²⁵/

Characters in the same phonetic series (皮) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
Pictogram (象形) – a hand (又) stripping the fur from an animal pelt (similar to 革). The pelt moved to the top left and became abstracted.
The character 叚 is similar, but actually it depicts two hands and some rocks 石 on oracle bones; a conservative variant is 𠭊.
;“skin”
; “pico-”


硬

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *ŋɡraːŋs, *ŋɡraːŋs): semantic 石 + phonetic 更 (OC *kraːŋ, *kraːŋs).


落

→ Ai-Cham: lau⁵

→ Thai: โละ (ló) (via Teochew loh⁸)

→ Vietnamese: lạc

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *ɡ·raːɡ): semantic 艹 + phonetic 洛 (OC *ɡ·raːɡ).
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *(k/g)la-k/y/t (“to fall”) (STEDT, Schuessler, 2007):
:within Sinitic, cognate to 露 (OC *ɡ·raːɡs) "dew", 下 (OC *ɡraːʔ, *ɡraːs, “down, below, to descend, to fall down”) , 陊 (OC *l'aːlʔ, *l'alʔ) "to collapse" and 阤 (OC *l'alʔ, *hljalʔ) "hillside, slope";
:outsides Sinitic, cognate to Mizo tla ~ tlâk (“to fall”) and thla ~ thlâk (“to drop”), Burmese ကျ (kya., “to fall”) and ချ (hkya., “to drop”).
Schuessler attributes OC *r-, instead of expected **l-, to possible Austroasiatic influence: compare Khmer [script needed] (gra'ka, “be low, debased”) < [script needed] (-ra'ka, “to fall, below, cover from above”). However, Matisoff (2003) identifies several ST etyma which display TB *(C‑)l- vs. OC *(C‑)r‑ correspondence (e.g. *l(j)a(k/ŋ) (“good, beautiful”) → 良 (OC *raŋ), *g/m-liŋ (“neck”) → 領 (OC *reŋʔ), etc.) and TB *(C‑)r- vs. OC *(C‑)l‑ (e.g. *g-rjum (“salt”) → 鹽 (OC *ɡ·lam)); so irregularities in correspondence do not necessarily indicate foreign influences.
Contemporary southern usage possibly reinforced by a Kra-Dai term. The term has been associated with Zhuang loengx (“to fall”).
Zhengzhang suggested that Pronunciation 2 was a result of loss of final consonant of the retained Old Chinese Pronunciation 1.

cog

He had already started to carry an umbrella before the rain even began to fall.

di¹ jyu⁵ jat¹ dik¹ dou¹ mei⁶ lok⁶ keoi⁵ ji⁵ ging¹ hai² dou⁶ lo² zyu⁶ baa² ze¹ haang⁴.

啲雨一滴都未落佢已經喺度攞住把遮行。

啲雨一滴都未落佢已经喺度𫽋住把遮行。

(transitive) (to move something to a lower place)

(Cantonese, Gan, Hakka, Huizhou, Min, Southern Pinghua, Wu, Xiang) to fall down; to rain or snow

(to move something to a lower place)
to fall down; to rain or snow


姑娘

→ Japanese: 姑娘 (kūnyan)

→ Korean: 꾸냥 (kkunyang), 쿠냥 (kunyang)

→ Russian: ку́ня (kúnja)

/ku⁵⁵ ni̯ɑŋ²/

/ku⁵⁵ ni̯ɑ̃ɻ²/

/ku⁵⁵ ni̯ɑŋ³⁵/

/ku²⁴ niɑŋ²⁴/

/kuː⁵⁵ nœːŋ²¹/

/kuː⁵⁵ nœːŋ²¹⁻³⁵/

/ku⁴² n̠ʲiɔŋ²/

/ku²⁴ ŋi̯oŋ¹¹/

/ku¹¹ niɒ̃⁴⁵/

/kɔ³³ niũ²⁴/

/kɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ niũ²³/

/kɔ⁴⁴⁻²² niũ²⁴/

/kɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ niũ²⁴/

/kɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ niɔ̃²⁴/

/kɔ⁴⁴⁻²² niɔ̃¹³/

/ku⁵⁵ n̠ʲiã²¹/

/ku⁵⁵ ni̯ɑŋ²/

/ku⁵⁵ ni̯ɑ̃ɻ²/

/ku⁵⁵ ni̯ɑŋ³⁵/

/ku²⁴ niɑŋ²⁴/

/kuː⁵⁵ nœːŋ²¹/

/kuː⁵⁵ nœːŋ²¹⁻³⁵/

/ku⁴² n̠ʲiɔŋ²/

/ku²⁴ ŋi̯oŋ¹¹/

/ku¹¹ niɒ̃⁴⁵/

/kɔ³³ niũ²⁴/

/kɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ niũ²³/

/kɔ⁴⁴⁻²² niũ²⁴/

/kɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ niũ²⁴/

/kɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ niɔ̃²⁴/

/kɔ⁴⁴⁻²² niɔ̃¹³/

/ku⁵⁵ n̠ʲiã²¹/

(Jilu, Central Plains, Jianghuai and Southwestern Mandarin, Gan, Huizhou, Shaowu Min, Wu) paternal aunt (father's sister)

Central Plains; Jianghuai and Southwestern Mandarin; Central Plains; Jianghuai and Southwestern Mandarin


媽媽

妈妈
馬麻
妈妈
嫲嫲
妈妈

paternal grandmother
paternal grandmother

(Northern Min, Ninghua Hakka, dialectal Wu, Fuliang Huizhou) paternal grandmother


山芋

/suã⁴⁴⁻³³ ɔ³³/

/suã⁴⁴⁻³³ ɔ³³/

Ipomoea batatas
Ipomoea batatas#Translingual

(dialectal Mandarin, dialectal Gan, Huizhou, dialectal Jin, Wu) sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas)


日頭

Wutunhua: raitek

/ʐ̩⁵¹ tʰoʊ̯¹/

/ʐ̩⁵¹ tʰoʊ̯³⁵/

/ʐ̩ʔ⁵ tʰəɯ²⁴/

/ə²⁴ tʰou²⁴/

/ɛɻ²⁴ tʰou²⁴/

/jɐt̚² tʰɐu̯²¹⁻³⁵/

/jɐt̚² tʰɐu̯²¹/

/zɐk̚²² tʰau²¹⁻³⁵/

/ᵑɡit̚³² heu²²⁻²¹/

/ᵑɡit̚³² heu²²⁻²¹⁵/

/jɐt̚⁵⁵ tʰɐu⁴²/

/n̠ʲit̚⁵ tʰɛu²/

/ŋit̚² tʰeu̯¹¹/

/ŋit⁵⁻² tʰeu⁵⁵/

/ʐəʔ²⁻⁵⁴ təu¹¹/

/nˡiʔ⁵⁻³³ tʰau⁵³/

/tiʔ⁴⁻²¹ tʰau¹³/

/lit̚²⁴⁻²¹ tʰau²⁴/

/lit̚⁴⁻³² tʰau²⁴/

/lit̚³²⁻²¹ tʰau¹¹/

/lit̚⁵⁴⁻³² tʰau²⁴/

/lit̚³⁵⁻² tʰau²⁴/

/lit̚²⁴⁻² tʰau²⁴/

/lit̚⁴³⁻²¹ tʰau²⁴/

/lit̚²³⁻² tʰau²⁴/

/lit̚⁵³⁻¹ tʰau²⁴/

/d͡zit̚⁴⁻³² tʰau²⁴/

/d͡zit̚³⁻³² tʰau²⁴/

/d͡zit̚⁴³⁻²¹ tʰau²⁴/

/zit̚⁴⁻³² tʰau²³/

/d͡zit̚¹⁴⁻³³ tʰau²¹³/

/d͡zit̚¹²¹⁻²¹ tʰau¹³/

/let̚²³⁻² tʰau²⁴/

/ɲət̚²⁴ tʰəu²¹/

/n̠ʲiɪʔ¹¹ dɤ²³/

/n̠ʲiɪʔ¹¹ dø²⁴/

/n̠ʲiɪʔ²² dɯ⁵³/

/ɦn̠ʲiəʔ²² dɵ⁵⁵/

/n̠ʲieʔ¹¹ dɤ⁵²/

/n̠ʲiɪʔ²² dœʏ³⁵/

/n̠ʲiɪʔ³³ døy/

/n̠ʲiəʔ²¹ diu¹⁴/

/ʐ̩²⁴ təu̯³/

/ni³⁵ di̯ɤ¹³⁻³³/

/ʑ̊i¹¹ d̥ɘu̯¹¹/

/ʐ̩⁵¹ tʰoʊ̯¹/

/ʐ̩⁵¹ tʰoʊ̯³⁵/

/ʐ̩ʔ⁵ tʰəɯ²⁴/

/ə²⁴ tʰou²⁴/

/ɛɻ²⁴ tʰou²⁴/

/jɐt̚² tʰɐu̯²¹⁻³⁵/

/jɐt̚² tʰɐu̯²¹/

/zɐk̚²² tʰau²¹⁻³⁵/

/ᵑɡit̚³² heu²²⁻²¹/

/ᵑɡit̚³² heu²²⁻²¹⁵/

/jɐt̚⁵⁵ tʰɐu⁴²/

/n̠ʲit̚⁵ tʰɛu²/

/ŋit̚² tʰeu̯¹¹/

/ŋit⁵⁻² tʰeu⁵⁵/

/ʐəʔ²⁻⁵⁴ təu¹¹/

/nˡiʔ⁵⁻³³ tʰau⁵³/

/tiʔ⁴⁻²¹ tʰau¹³/

/lit̚²⁴⁻²¹ tʰau²⁴/

/lit̚⁴⁻³² tʰau²⁴/

/lit̚³²⁻²¹ tʰau¹¹/

/lit̚⁵⁴⁻³² tʰau²⁴/

/lit̚³⁵⁻² tʰau²⁴/

/lit̚²⁴⁻² tʰau²⁴/

/lit̚⁴³⁻²¹ tʰau²⁴/

/lit̚²³⁻² tʰau²⁴/

/lit̚⁵³⁻¹ tʰau²⁴/

/d͡zit̚⁴⁻³² tʰau²⁴/

/d͡zit̚³⁻³² tʰau²⁴/

/d͡zit̚⁴³⁻²¹ tʰau²⁴/

/zit̚⁴⁻³² tʰau²³/

/d͡zit̚¹⁴⁻³³ tʰau²¹³/

/d͡zit̚¹²¹⁻²¹ tʰau¹³/

/let̚²³⁻² tʰau²⁴/

/ɲət̚²⁴ tʰəu²¹/

/n̠ʲiɪʔ¹¹ dɤ²³/

/n̠ʲiɪʔ¹¹ dø²⁴/

/n̠ʲiɪʔ²² dɯ⁵³/

/ɦn̠ʲiəʔ²² dɵ⁵⁵/

/n̠ʲieʔ¹¹ dɤ⁵²/

/n̠ʲiɪʔ²² dœʏ³⁵/

/n̠ʲiɪʔ³³ døy/

/n̠ʲiəʔ²¹ diu¹⁴/

/ʐ̩²⁴ təu̯³/

/ni³⁵ di̯ɤ¹³⁻³³/

/ʑ̊i¹¹ d̥ɘu̯¹¹/

(dialectal Hakka, Huizhou, Puxian Min, dialectal Wu) sunlight


聽講

/tʰiŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʰɛːŋ⁵⁵ kɔːŋ³⁵/

/tʰɪŋ⁵⁵ kɔːŋ³⁵/

/tʰɪŋ³³ kɔːŋ³⁵/

/tʰiã⁴⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁵³/

/tʰiã³³ kaŋ⁵⁵⁴/

/tʰiã⁴⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁵³/

/tʰiã⁴⁴⁻³³ kaŋ⁵³/

/tʰiã⁴⁴⁻³³ kaŋ⁴¹/

/tʰin⁵⁵ kɑ̃²¹/

/tʰiŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʰɛːŋ⁵⁵ kɔːŋ³⁵/

/tʰɪŋ⁵⁵ kɔːŋ³⁵/

/tʰɪŋ³³ kɔːŋ³⁵/

/tʰiã⁴⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁵³/

/tʰiã³³ kaŋ⁵⁵⁴/

/tʰiã⁴⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁵³/

/tʰiã⁴⁴⁻³³ kaŋ⁵³/

/tʰiã⁴⁴⁻³³ kaŋ⁴¹/

/tʰin⁵⁵ kɑ̃²¹/

/hiaŋ³³ kɔŋ⁵⁵/

/tʰaŋ²⁴ koŋ³¹/

/tʰaŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ kɔŋ³¹/

/tʰiã³³ kɔŋ⁵⁵⁴/

/tʰiã⁴⁴⁻³³ kɔŋ⁴¹/

/tʰiã⁴⁴⁻²² kɔŋ⁴²/

/tʰiã⁴⁴⁻²² kɔŋ⁵³/

/tʰiã⁴⁴⁻³³ kɔŋ⁵³/

/tʰiŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʰɛːŋ⁵⁵ kɔːŋ³⁵/

/hiaŋ³³ kɔŋ⁵⁵/

/tʰaŋ²⁴ koŋ³¹/

/tʰaŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ kɔŋ³¹/

/tʰiã³³ kɔŋ⁵⁵⁴/

/tʰiã⁴⁴⁻³³ kɔŋ⁴¹/

/tʰiã⁴⁴⁻²² kɔŋ⁴²/

/tʰiã⁴⁴⁻²² kɔŋ⁵³/

/tʰiã⁴⁴⁻³³ kɔŋ⁵³/

/tʰin⁵⁵ kɑ̃²¹/

(dialectal Mandarin, Hakka, Leizhou Min, Hainanese, Huizhou, Pinghua, Zhejiang Wu, Xiang) to be obedient


青菜

/t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵ t͡sʰaɪ̯⁵¹/

/t͡sʰɛːŋ⁵⁵ t͡sʰɔːi̯³³/

/t͡sʰɪŋ⁵⁵ t͡sʰɔːi̯³³/

/t͡sʰi̯aŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sʰoi̯⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕʰiaŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ t͡sʰoɪ⁵³/

/t͡ɕʰiŋ¹¹ t͡sʰai⁴⁵/

/t͡ɕʰi¹¹ t͡sʰai⁴⁵/

/t͡sʰĩ⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sʰai²¹/

/t͡sʰĩ³³ t͡sʰai⁴¹/

/t͡sʰĩ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sʰai¹¹/

/t͡sʰɛ̃⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sʰai²¹/

/t͡sʰẽ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sʰai²¹/

/t͡sʰẽ³³⁻²³ t͡sʰai²¹³/

/t͡ɕʰin⁵⁵ t͡sʰe²¹/

/t͡ɕʰin⁴⁴ t͡sʰɛ²¹/

/t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵ t͡sʰaɪ̯⁵¹/

/t͡sʰɛːŋ⁵⁵ t͡sʰɔːi̯³³/

/t͡sʰɪŋ⁵⁵ t͡sʰɔːi̯³³/

/t͡sʰi̯aŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sʰoi̯⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕʰiaŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ t͡sʰoɪ⁵³/

/t͡ɕʰiŋ¹¹ t͡sʰai⁴⁵/

/t͡ɕʰi¹¹ t͡sʰai⁴⁵/

/t͡sʰĩ⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sʰai²¹/

/t͡sʰĩ³³ t͡sʰai⁴¹/

/t͡sʰĩ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sʰai¹¹/

/t͡sʰɛ̃⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sʰai²¹/

/t͡sʰẽ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sʰai²¹/

/t͡sʰẽ³³⁻²³ t͡sʰai²¹³/

/t͡ɕʰin⁵⁵ t͡sʰe²¹/

/t͡ɕʰin⁴⁴ t͡sʰɛ²¹/

(Wu, Jianghuai Mandarin, Huizhou) pak choi, especially the green-stalk type


行路

/ɕiŋ³⁵ lu⁵¹/

/hɐŋ²¹ lou̯²²/

/ɕiŋ³⁵ lu⁵¹/

/hɐŋ²¹ lou̯²²/

/haːŋ²¹ lou̯²²/

/kiã¹³⁻²² lɔ²²/

/kiã²³⁻³³ lɔ³³/

/kiã²⁴⁻²² lɔ⁴¹/

/kiã²⁴⁻¹¹ lɔ³³/

/kiã²⁴⁻²¹ lɔ²²/

/kiã²⁴⁻²² lɔ²²/

/kĩã⁵⁵⁻¹¹ lou¹¹/

/ɕiŋ³⁵ lu⁵¹/

/haːŋ²¹ lou̯²²/

/kiã¹³⁻²² lɔ²²/

/kiã²³⁻³³ lɔ³³/

/kiã²⁴⁻²² lɔ⁴¹/

/kiã²⁴⁻¹¹ lɔ³³/

/kiã²⁴⁻²¹ lɔ²²/

/kiã²⁴⁻²² lɔ²²/

/kĩã⁵⁵⁻¹¹ lou¹¹/

to not pay attention where one is walking

行路唔睇路

to go to the wrong place; to become lost

行錯路

行错路

(chiefly Cantonese, Gan, Hakka, Huizhou, Southern Min, Xiang) to walk; to get somewhere by foot


胡琴

/xu³⁵ t͡ɕʰin³⁵/

/wuː²¹ kʰɐm²¹/

/ɔ²⁴⁻²² kʰim²⁴/

/ɔ²⁴⁻²² kʰim²⁴/

/ɔ¹³⁻²² kʰim¹³/

/ɔ²⁴⁻¹¹ kʰim²⁴/

/ɔ²³⁻³³ kʰim²³/

/ɦu²² d͡ʑin⁴⁴/

/xu³⁵ t͡ɕʰin³⁵/

/wuː²¹ kʰɐm²¹/

/ɔ²⁴⁻²² kʰim²⁴/

/ɔ²⁴⁻²² kʰim²⁴/

/ɔ¹³⁻²² kʰim¹³/

/ɔ²⁴⁻¹¹ kʰim²⁴/

/ɔ²³⁻³³ kʰim²³/

/ɦu²² d͡ʑin⁴⁴/


米酒

→ Japanese: 米酒 (bīchū), 米酒 (bīchu)

/mi²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/mɐi̯¹³ t͡sɐu̯³⁵/

/bi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡siu⁵³/

/bi⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡siu⁵⁵⁴/

/bi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡siu⁵³/

/bi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡siu⁵³/

/bi⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡siu⁴¹/

/mi²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/mɐi̯¹³ t͡sɐu̯³⁵/

/bi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡siu⁵³/

/bi⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡siu⁵⁵⁴/

/bi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡siu⁵³/

/bi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡siu⁵³/

/bi⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡siu⁴¹/

(Wuhan Mandarin, Pingxiang Gan, Huizhou, Eastern Min) jiuniang


官人

/ku̯än⁵⁵ ʐən³⁵/

/kua⁵³³⁻¹¹ naŋ¹³/

/kũã⁵⁴⁴⁻²¹ naŋ²⁴/

/ku̯än⁵⁵ ʐən³⁵/

/kua⁵³³⁻¹¹ naŋ¹³/

/kũã⁵⁴⁴⁻²¹ naŋ²⁴/


甜菜

/tʰi̯ɛn³⁵ t͡sʰaɪ̯⁵¹/

/tʰiːm²¹ t͡sʰɔːi̯³³/

/tʰi̯ɛn³⁵ t͡sʰaɪ̯⁵¹/

/tʰiːm²¹ t͡sʰɔːi̯³³/


公公

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ g̊ʊŋ²/

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

/kuŋ¹¹ kuŋ¹¹⁻⁴⁵/

/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kɔŋ⁴⁴/

/kɔŋ³³ kɔŋ³³/

/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kɔŋ⁴⁴/

/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kɔŋ⁴⁴/

/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kɔŋ⁴⁴/

/koŋ⁵⁵ koŋ²¹/

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ g̊ʊŋ²/

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

/kuŋ¹¹ kuŋ¹¹⁻⁴⁵/

/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kɔŋ⁴⁴/

/kɔŋ³³ kɔŋ³³/

/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kɔŋ⁴⁴/

/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kɔŋ⁴⁴/

/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kɔŋ⁴⁴/

/koŋ⁵⁵ koŋ²¹/

/kʊŋ⁵⁵⁻²¹ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

/kʊŋ³³ kʊŋ³/

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ g̊ʊŋ²/

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

/kʊŋ⁵⁵⁻²¹ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kɔŋ⁴⁴/

/kɔŋ³³ kɔŋ³³/

/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kɔŋ⁴⁴/

/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kɔŋ⁴⁴/

/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kɔŋ⁴⁴/

/kʊŋ³³ kʊŋ³/

(dialectal Mandarin, Gan, dialectal Hakka, Huizhou, Handan Jin, Northern Min, Xiang, dialectal Wu) paternal grandfather


狗熊

/koʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi̯ʊŋ³⁵/

/kəu⁵³ ɕyoŋ²¹/

/kɐu̯³⁵ hʊŋ²¹/

/ki̯eu̯³¹ i̯uŋ¹¹/

/kəu⁵³ ɕyŋ¹¹/

/e²¹ xœyŋ³³/

/kau⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ him²⁴/

/kau³¹⁻⁵⁵ hiɔŋ²²/

/kø³³ ɦioŋ⁴⁴/

/kɘu̯³³ ʑ̊in¹¹/

/koʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi̯ʊŋ³⁵/

/kəu⁵³ ɕyoŋ²¹/

/kɐu̯³⁵ hʊŋ²¹/

/ki̯eu̯³¹ i̯uŋ¹¹/

/kəu⁵³ ɕyŋ¹¹/

/e²¹ xœyŋ³³/

/kau⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ him²⁴/

/kau³¹⁻⁵⁵ hiɔŋ²²/

/kø³³ ɦioŋ⁴⁴/

/kɘu̯³³ ʑ̊in¹¹/

(dialectal Mandarin, dialectal Huizhou, Jin, Leizhou Min, Southern Pinghua, Hengyang Xiang) bear


水牛

/ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ni̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/sɵy̯³⁵ ŋɐu̯²¹/

/ˈsui²¹³⁻¹³ n̠ʲiu³⁵/

/su̯i³¹ ŋi̯u¹¹/

/ʃui²⁴⁻³³ ŋiu⁵⁵/

/suɪ³¹ ŋiu¹¹/

/t͡sui⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ɡu²³/

/t͡sui⁴⁴⁵⁻³³ ɡu²³/

/t͡sui⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ ɡu²⁴/

/t͡sui⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡu²⁴/

/t͡sui⁴²⁻²⁴ ɡu²⁴/

/sui⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡu²⁴/

/sui⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ ɡu²⁴/

/sui⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ɡu²³/

/suĩ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡu¹³/

/t͡sui⁵²⁻³⁵ ɡu⁵⁵/

/sz̩³³ niɤ⁴⁴/

/sz̩ʷ⁵² n̠ʲʏ³³/

/ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ni̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/sɵy̯³⁵ ŋɐu̯²¹/

/ˈsui²¹³⁻¹³ n̠ʲiu³⁵/

/su̯i³¹ ŋi̯u¹¹/

/ʃui²⁴⁻³³ ŋiu⁵⁵/

/suɪ³¹ ŋiu¹¹/

/t͡sui⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ɡu²³/

/t͡sui⁴⁴⁵⁻³³ ɡu²³/

/t͡sui⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ ɡu²⁴/

/t͡sui⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡu²⁴/

/t͡sui⁴²⁻²⁴ ɡu²⁴/

/sui⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡu²⁴/

/sui⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ ɡu²⁴/

/sui⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ɡu²³/

/suĩ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡu¹³/

/t͡sui⁵²⁻³⁵ ɡu⁵⁵/

/sz̩³³ niɤ⁴⁴/

/sz̩ʷ⁵² n̠ʲʏ³³/

(Xiamen, Quanzhou and Singapore Hokkien, Huizhou) someone who drinks a lot of water


娘老子

/ni̯ɑŋ³⁵ lɑʊ̯²¹⁴ d͡z̥z̩⁴/

/n̠ʲiæ̃²² lɔ⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹/

/n̠ʲi̯æn¹³ lɒu̯⁴¹ t͡sz̩³/

/ni̯ɔŋ¹³ lɤ⁴²⁻¹ t͡sz̩³/

/ni̯ɑŋ³⁵ lɑʊ̯²¹⁴ d͡z̥z̩⁴/

/n̠ʲiæ̃²² lɔ⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹/

/n̠ʲi̯æn¹³ lɒu̯⁴¹ t͡sz̩³/

/ni̯ɔŋ¹³ lɤ⁴²⁻¹ t͡sz̩³/

(Jianghuai, Lanyin and Southwestern Mandarin, Huizhou, dialectal Jin, dialectal Wu) mother and father; parents


老子娘

/lɑʊ̯²¹⁴ d͡z̥z̩⁴ ni̯ɑŋ³⁵/

/lɑʊ̯²¹⁴ d͡z̥z̩⁴ ni̯ɑŋ³⁵/

(Jixi Huizhou, Xinzhou Jin) father and mother; parents


細妹

/sɐi̯³³ muːi̯²²⁻³⁵/

/sɐi̯³³ muːi̯²²⁻³⁵/


㞞

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声): semantic 尸 (“body”) + phonetic 從.

Han compound

c. 1610, 蘭陵笑笑生, 《金瓶梅》 [The Plum in the Golden Vase], chapter 50:

You rascal, only today have you started eating cum, but who knows how much cum you've consumed before.

zéi cūn shúshú nǐ jīnrì cái chī sóng, nǐ cóngqián yǐhòu, bǎ sóng bùzhī chīle duōshǎo

賊村秫秫你今日纔吃㞞、你從前已後、把㞞不知吃了多少

贼村秫秫你今日才吃𪨊、你从前已后、把𪨊不知吃了多少

(Mandarin, Jin, Huizhou, Wu, colloquial) semen


造孽

/t͡sɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ ni̯ɛ⁵¹/

/t͡sau²¹³ nʲiɛ²¹/

/t͡so²²⁻²¹ ɡiɛt̚⁴/

/t͡so³³⁻¹¹ ɡiɛt̚⁴/

/t͡sɤ³³⁻²¹ ɡiɛt̚⁴/

/t͡so²²⁻²¹ ɡiɛt̚¹²¹/

/t͡so²² ɡiɛt̚²⁴/

/t͡sʰɒu̯⁴⁵ n̠ʲi̯e̞²⁴/

/t͡sɒu̯²¹⁻¹¹ n̠ʲi̯e̞²⁴/

/d͡zɤ¹¹ ni³⁵/

/t͡sɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ ni̯ɛ⁵¹/

/t͡sau²¹³ nʲiɛ²¹/

/t͡so²²⁻²¹ ɡiɛt̚⁴/

/t͡so³³⁻¹¹ ɡiɛt̚⁴/

/t͡sɤ³³⁻²¹ ɡiɛt̚⁴/

/t͡so²²⁻²¹ ɡiɛt̚¹²¹/

/t͡so²² ɡiɛt̚²⁴/

/t͡sʰɒu̯⁴⁵ n̠ʲi̯e̞²⁴/

/t͡sɒu̯²¹⁻¹¹ n̠ʲi̯e̞²⁴/

/d͡zɤ¹¹ ni³⁵/

(Southwestern Mandarin, Huizhou, Xiang) pitiful; pitiable; poor


順手

/ʂu̯ən⁵¹ ʂoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʂu̯ən⁵¹ ʂɤʊ̯ɻʷ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sɵn²² sɐu̯³⁵/

/sun²²⁻²¹ t͡sʰiu⁵³/

/sun⁴¹⁻²² t͡sʰiu⁵⁵⁴/

/sun²²⁻²¹ t͡sʰiu⁵³/

/sun³³⁻¹¹ t͡sʰiu⁵³/

/sun³³⁻²¹ t͡sʰiu⁴¹/

/zən²² sɤ⁴⁴/

/ʂu̯ən⁵¹ ʂoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʂu̯ən⁵¹ ʂɤʊ̯ɻʷ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sɵn²² sɐu̯³⁵/

/sun²²⁻²¹ t͡sʰiu⁵³/

/sun⁴¹⁻²² t͡sʰiu⁵⁵⁴/

/sun²²⁻²¹ t͡sʰiu⁵³/

/sun³³⁻¹¹ t͡sʰiu⁵³/

/sun³³⁻²¹ t͡sʰiu⁴¹/

/zən²² sɤ⁴⁴/

(dialectal Mandarin, dialectal Gan, Huizhou, Northern Min, Wu, dialectal Xiang) right hand


衫領

/saːm⁵⁵ lɛːŋ¹³/

/sam²⁴⁻¹¹ li̯aŋ²⁴/

/ɬɒ⁵³³⁻¹¹ nia⁴⁵³/

/ɬɒ̃⁵⁴⁴⁻²¹ nia³³²/

/sã⁴⁴⁻²² niã⁵³/

/sã³³ niã⁵⁵⁴/

/sã⁴⁴⁻²² niã⁵³/

/sã⁴⁴⁻³³ niã⁵³/

/sã⁴⁴⁻³³ niã⁴¹/

/saːm⁵⁵ lɛːŋ¹³/

/sam²⁴⁻¹¹ li̯aŋ²⁴/

/ɬɒ⁵³³⁻¹¹ nia⁴⁵³/

/ɬɒ̃⁵⁴⁴⁻²¹ nia³³²/

/sã⁴⁴⁻²² niã⁵³/

/sã³³ niã⁵⁵⁴/

/sã⁴⁴⁻²² niã⁵³/

/sã⁴⁴⁻³³ niã⁵³/

/sã⁴⁴⁻³³ niã⁴¹/

(Cantonese, Hakka, Huizhou, Southern Min, Puxian Min, Pinghua) collar (of a shirt)

GT - General Taiwanese (no specific region identified)


衫袖

/ʂän⁵⁵ ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵¹/

/saːm⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯²²/

/ˈsan⁴² t͡ɕʰiu¹¹/

/sam²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sʰi̯u⁵⁵/

/sam⁴⁴⁻³⁵ t͡ɕʰiu⁵³/

/ʂän⁵⁵ ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵¹/

/saːm⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯²²/

/ˈsan⁴² t͡ɕʰiu¹¹/

/sam²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sʰi̯u⁵⁵/

/sam⁴⁴⁻³⁵ t͡ɕʰiu⁵³/

(Cantonese, Gan, Hakka, Huizhou, dialectal Min, dialectal Wu, Xiang) sleeve


蝨子

(Pingxiang Gan, Huizhou, Wenzhounese) egg of a louse; nit


我人

/uɛ⁴² neiŋ³³/

/ɡua⁴²⁻²⁴ laŋ²⁴/

/ua⁴⁴⁵⁻³³ laŋ²³/

/uɛ⁴² neiŋ³³/

/ɡua⁴²⁻²⁴ laŋ²⁴/

/ua⁴⁴⁵⁻³³ laŋ²³/

(dialectal Gan, Huizhou, Northern Min, dialectal Eastern Min, Malaysian and Singapore Hokkien, Leizhou Min, dialectal Wu) we; us


放屎

/paŋ²¹⁻⁴¹ sai⁴¹/

/paŋ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ sai⁵⁵⁴/

/paŋ¹¹⁻⁵³ sai⁵³/

/paŋ²¹⁻⁴² sai⁴²/

/paŋ¹¹²⁻⁴² sai³¹/

/paŋ²¹⁻⁵³ sai⁵³/

/paŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ sai⁵²⁻²¹/

/paŋ²¹⁻⁴¹ sai⁴¹/

/paŋ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ sai⁵⁵⁴/

/paŋ¹¹⁻⁵³ sai⁵³/

/paŋ²¹⁻⁴² sai⁴²/

/paŋ¹¹²⁻⁴² sai³¹/

/paŋ²¹⁻⁵³ sai⁵³/

/paŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ sai⁵²⁻²¹/

(dialectal Huizhou, Southern Min) to defecate


罪過

/t͡su̯eɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ ku̯ɔ⁵¹/

/t͡su̯eɪ̯⁵¹ g̊u̯ɔ¹/

/t͡sɵy̯²² kʷɔː³³/

/t͡sʰuɪ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ kuo⁵³/

/t͡sue³³⁻²¹ kɤ²¹/

/t͡sue³³⁻¹¹ ko¹¹/

/t͡sue²²⁻²¹ ko²¹/

/zɐɪ²² kəu⁴⁴/

/zɐɪ²² kʰəu⁴⁴/

/t͡su̯eɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ ku̯ɔ⁵¹/

/t͡su̯eɪ̯⁵¹ g̊u̯ɔ¹/

/t͡sɵy̯²² kʷɔː³³/

/t͡sʰuɪ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ kuo⁵³/

/t͡sue³³⁻²¹ kɤ²¹/

/t͡sue³³⁻¹¹ ko¹¹/

/t͡sue²²⁻²¹ ko²¹/

/zɐɪ²² kəu⁴⁴/

/zɐɪ²² kʰəu⁴⁴/

/t͡se³³⁻²¹ kua²¹/

/t͡se²²⁻²¹ kua²¹/

/t͡se³³⁻¹¹ kua¹¹/

/t͡se³³⁻²² kua⁴¹/

/t͡se³³⁻²¹ kua²¹/

/t͡se²²⁻²¹ kua²¹/

/t͡se³³⁻¹¹ kua¹¹/

/t͡se³³⁻²² kua⁴¹/

(Huizhou, Northern Wu) pitiful; pitiable; poor


油蟲

/joʊ̯³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰʊŋ³⁵/

/jɐu̯²¹ t͡sʰʊŋ²¹/

/joʊ̯³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰʊŋ³⁵/

/jɐu̯²¹ t͡sʰʊŋ²¹/

(Ürümqi Mandarin, Huizhou, dialectal Wu, Waxiang, Dong'an Tuhua) cockroach


天光

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ku̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/tʰiːn⁵⁵ kʷɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/tʰi̯en²⁴⁻¹¹ koŋ²⁴/

/tʰiɛn⁴⁴ kuɔŋ⁴⁴/

/tʰieŋ⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋuoŋ⁵⁵/

/tʰiŋ⁵³³⁻⁵⁵ kuŋ⁵³³/

/tʰiŋ⁵⁴⁴⁻⁵⁵ kŋ̍⁵⁴⁴/

/tʰĩ⁴⁴ kŋ̍⁴⁴/

/tʰĩ³³ kŋ̍³³/

/tʰĩ³³ kuĩ³³/

/tʰĩ⁴⁴ kuĩ⁴⁴/

/tʰĩ³³⁻²³ kɯŋ³³/

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ku̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/tʰiːn⁵⁵ kʷɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/tʰi̯en²⁴⁻¹¹ koŋ²⁴/

/tʰiɛn⁴⁴ kuɔŋ⁴⁴/

/tʰieŋ⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋuoŋ⁵⁵/

/tʰiŋ⁵³³⁻⁵⁵ kuŋ⁵³³/

/tʰiŋ⁵⁴⁴⁻⁵⁵ kŋ̍⁵⁴⁴/

/tʰĩ⁴⁴ kŋ̍⁴⁴/

/tʰĩ³³ kŋ̍³³/

/tʰĩ³³ kuĩ³³/

/tʰĩ⁴⁴ kuĩ⁴⁴/

/tʰĩ³³⁻²³ kɯŋ³³/

(Liancheng Hakka, Huizhou, Hainanese, Wenzhounese) breakfast


麻糍

→ Cebuano: masi

desc

→ English: muah chee, → macy / maci, →? mache, →? moche

→? Kapampangan: mutsi

→? Tagalog: matse

麻餈
麻粢
麻糬
*蔴糍
蔴𥺃

/mä³⁵ t͡sʰz̩³⁵/

/ˈma³⁵ t͡sʰz̩²⁴/

/mua²⁴⁻²¹ t͡si²⁴/

/muã²³⁻³³ t͡si²³/

/muã¹³⁻²² t͡si¹³/

/muã²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡si²⁴/

/muã²⁴⁻²² t͡si²⁴/

/muã²³⁻³³ t͡su²³/

/muã²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡su²⁴/

/mä³⁵ t͡sʰz̩³⁵/

/ˈma³⁵ t͡sʰz̩²⁴/

/mua²⁴⁻²¹ t͡si²⁴/

/muã²³⁻³³ t͡si²³/

/muã¹³⁻²² t͡si¹³/

/muã²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡si²⁴/

/muã²⁴⁻²² t͡si²⁴/

/muã²³⁻³³ t͡su²³/

/muã²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡su²⁴/

(Zhejiang, Jiangxi, southern Fujian, Huizhou, Taiwan, Singapore) ciba cake; muah chee (a traditional southern Chinese rice cake made from glutinous rice)


眼珠

/jɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵/

/jɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂuɻʷ⁵⁵/

/ŋaːn¹³ t͡syː⁵⁵/

/ɡan⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡su⁴⁴/

/ɡan⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡su³³/

/ɡan⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡su⁴⁴/

/ɡan⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡su⁴⁴/

/ɡan⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡su⁴⁴/

/ŋe²² t͡sz̩⁴⁴/

/ŋã̠⁴² t͡ɕy⁴⁴⁻³³/

/ŋan³³ t͡ɕy⁴⁴⁵/

/jɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵/

/jɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂuɻʷ⁵⁵/

/ŋaːn¹³ t͡syː⁵⁵/

/ɡan⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡su⁴⁴/

/ɡan⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡su³³/

/ɡan⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡su⁴⁴/

/ɡan⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡su⁴⁴/

/ɡan⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡su⁴⁴/

/ŋe²² t͡sz̩⁴⁴/

/ŋã̠⁴² t͡ɕy⁴⁴⁻³³/

/ŋan³³ t͡ɕy⁴⁴⁵/

(dialectal, including Gan, Hakka, Huizhou, Waxiang, Xiang) eye


洋鹼

/jɑŋ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/iaŋ²¹ t͡ɕiɛn⁵³/

/iɔŋ³⁵ ˈkan²¹³/

/jɑŋ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/iaŋ²¹ t͡ɕiɛn⁵³/

/iɔŋ³⁵ ˈkan²¹³/

(dialectal Mandarin, Gan, dialectal Hakka, Pinghua, Xiang, Dexing Huizhou, Shaxian Central Min, Danyang Wu) soap


伯公

/pu̯ɔ³⁵ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

/paːk̚³ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

/pak̚¹ kʊŋ⁴⁴/

/pa²⁴ kɔŋ⁵⁴/

/paʔ²⁴⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾uŋ⁵⁵/

/pa¹¹⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ɒŋ⁵³³/

/pa²¹⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ɒŋ⁵⁴⁴/

/pe(ʔ)³²⁻⁴¹ kɔŋ⁴⁴/

/pe(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ kɔŋ⁴⁴/

/pɛ(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ kɔŋ⁴⁴/

/peʔ²⁻⁴ koŋ³³/

/pɛ⁵⁵ kɔŋ³⁵/

/pɐʔ⁵⁵ koŋ³³/

/pəʔ⁴⁴ koŋ⁵⁵/

/pu̯ɔ³⁵ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

/paːk̚³ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

/pak̚¹ kʊŋ⁴⁴/

/pa²⁴ kɔŋ⁵⁴/

/paʔ²⁴⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾uŋ⁵⁵/

/pa¹¹⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ɒŋ⁵³³/

/pa²¹⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ɒŋ⁵⁴⁴/

/pe(ʔ)³²⁻⁴¹ kɔŋ⁴⁴/

/pe(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ kɔŋ⁴⁴/

/pɛ(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ kɔŋ⁴⁴/

/peʔ²⁻⁴ koŋ³³/

/pɛ⁵⁵ kɔŋ³⁵/

/pɐʔ⁵⁵ koŋ³³/

/pəʔ⁴⁴ koŋ⁵⁵/

(Huizhou, Jinhua Wu) uncle-in-law (wife's father's elder brother)


籠床

→ Thai: ซึ้ง (sʉ́ng) (via Teochew)

/luŋ³⁵ t͡sʰɔŋ²/

/luŋ¹¹ t͡sʰoŋ¹¹/

/luŋ¹¹ t͡sʰuɒ̃¹¹/

/laŋ²³⁻³³ sŋ̍²³/

/laŋ¹³⁻²² sŋ̍¹³/

/laŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ sŋ̍²⁴/

/laŋ²⁴⁻²² sŋ̍²⁴/

/leŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ sɯŋ⁵⁵/

/luŋ³⁵ t͡sʰɔŋ²/

/luŋ¹¹ t͡sʰoŋ¹¹/

/luŋ¹¹ t͡sʰuɒ̃¹¹/

/laŋ²³⁻³³ sŋ̍²³/

/laŋ¹³⁻²² sŋ̍¹³/

/laŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ sŋ̍²⁴/

/laŋ²⁴⁻²² sŋ̍²⁴/

/leŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ sɯŋ⁵⁵/

(Gan, Jin, Hakka, Huizhou, Southern Min) steamer basket (usually round) (Classifier: 個／个 mn mn-t)


麼人

/ma²⁴⁻³³ ŋin⁵⁵/

/ma²⁴⁻³³ ŋin⁵⁵/

He saith unto them, But whom say ye that I am?

現代臺灣客語譯本 (Today's Taiwan Hakka Version), 馬太福音 (Matthew) 16:15

Yâ-sû mun kì-têu kóng: “Ngì-têu nè? Ngì-têu kóng ngài he má-ngìn?”

耶穌問佢等講：「你等呢？你等講𠊎係麼人？」

耶稣问佢等讲：「你等呢？你等讲𠊎系么人？」

(Hakka, Fengshun Shehua, Dexing Huizhou) who


雞母

/t͡ɕi⁵⁵ mu⁵³/

/kie⁵⁵⁻⁵³ mo³³/

/ke⁵³³⁻¹¹ ⁽ᵖ⁻⁾o⁴⁵³/

/ke⁵⁴⁴⁻²¹ po³³²/

/ke⁵⁴⁴⁻²¹ pɤ³³²/

/kue⁴⁴⁻²² bu⁴²/

/kue⁴⁴⁻²² bu⁵³/

/kue⁴⁴⁻²² bo³¹/

/kue⁴⁴⁻²² bɔ⁵³/

/kue⁴⁴⁻²² bo⁴²/

/kue⁴⁴⁻³³ bo⁵³/

/kue⁴⁴⁻²² bo⁵³/

/ke⁴⁴⁻²² bo⁵³/

/ke⁴⁴⁻³³ bɤ⁵³/

/ke⁴⁴⁻³³ bɤ⁴¹/

/ke⁴⁴⁻³³ bu⁴¹/

/koi³³⁻²³ bo⁵²/

/t͡ɕi⁵⁵ mu⁵³/

/kie⁵⁵⁻⁵³ mo³³/

/ke⁵³³⁻¹¹ ⁽ᵖ⁻⁾o⁴⁵³/

/ke⁵⁴⁴⁻²¹ po³³²/

/ke⁵⁴⁴⁻²¹ pɤ³³²/

/kue⁴⁴⁻²² bu⁴²/

/kue⁴⁴⁻²² bu⁵³/

/kue⁴⁴⁻²² bo³¹/

/kue⁴⁴⁻²² bɔ⁵³/

/kue⁴⁴⁻²² bo⁴²/

/kue⁴⁴⁻³³ bo⁵³/

/kue⁴⁴⁻²² bo⁵³/

/ke⁴⁴⁻²² bo⁵³/

/ke⁴⁴⁻³³ bɤ⁵³/

/ke⁴⁴⁻³³ bɤ⁴¹/

/ke⁴⁴⁻³³ bu⁴¹/

/koi³³⁻²³ bo⁵²/

Giĕ-mō̤ bà bóng-só̤, mò̤-dâi tō̤-dâi có̤. / [kie⁵⁵⁻⁵³ mo³³ pa⁵³ puŋ²¹³⁻⁵³ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾nɔ²¹³ mo⁵³⁻²¹ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾lɑi²⁴² tʰo³³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾lɑi²⁴² t͡sɔ²¹³]

雞母扒糞掃，無事討事做。

鸡母扒粪扫，无事讨事做。

(Southwestern Mandarin, dialectal Cantonese, dialectal Hakka, Huizhou, Min) hen


鞋襪

/ɕi̯ɛ³⁵ wä⁵¹/

/haːi̯²¹ mɐt̚²/

/ɕi̯ɛ³⁵ wä⁵¹/

/haːi̯²¹ mɐt̚²/


豆腐漿

⁶deu-wu₆-cian₁ / ⁶deu-vu₆-cian₁ / ⁶deu-vu₆^(

u)-cian₁ / ⁶doe-vu₆-tsian₁ / ⁶deu-vu₆-tsian₁ / ⁶dei-vu₆-cian₁ / ²deu₆-vu₆-tsian₁

/toʊ̯⁵¹ fu¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/tʰeu⁵³⁻⁵⁵ fu⁵³ t͡ɕiɔŋ⁴⁴/

/ta²⁴²⁻²¹ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾u²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ t͡suoŋ⁵⁵/

/tau¹¹ hu¹¹ t͡sĩõ³³/

/tau¹¹ hu¹¹ t͡sĩẽ³³/

/dɤ²² ɦu⁵⁵ t͡ɕiã²¹/

/dɤ²² vu⁵⁵ t͡ɕiã²¹/

/dœʏ²² vu⁵⁵ t͡ɕiã³¹/

/dɵ³¹ ʔu³³ t͡ɕiã⁵⁵/

/dø²² vu⁵⁵ t͡siã²¹/

/dɯ²² βu⁵⁵ t͡siæ̃³¹/

/dei¹¹ vu⁵⁵ t͡ɕiæ̃²¹/

/toʊ̯⁵¹ fu¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/tʰeu⁵³⁻⁵⁵ fu⁵³ t͡ɕiɔŋ⁴⁴/

/ta²⁴²⁻²¹ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾u²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ t͡suoŋ⁵⁵/

/tau¹¹ hu¹¹ t͡sĩõ³³/

/tau¹¹ hu¹¹ t͡sĩẽ³³/

/dɤ²² ɦu⁵⁵ t͡ɕiã²¹/

/dɤ²² vu⁵⁵ t͡ɕiã²¹/

/dœʏ²² vu⁵⁵ t͡ɕiã³¹/

/dɵ³¹ ʔu³³ t͡ɕiã⁵⁵/

/dø²² vu⁵⁵ t͡siã²¹/

/dɯ²² βu⁵⁵ t͡siæ̃³¹/

/dei¹¹ vu⁵⁵ t͡ɕiæ̃²¹/

(dialectal Mandarin, Hakka, Huizhou, Northern Min, Eastern Min, Teochew, Wu) soy milk


箬笠

/ʐu̯ɔ⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹/

/jœːk̚² lɐp̚⁵/

/ʐu̯ɔ⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹/

/jœːk̚² lɐp̚⁵/

(Huizhou, Northern Min, Wenzhounese) Asian conical hat

箬帽

Asian conical hat made of Indocalamus tessellatus


口舌

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (口舌):
* → Korean: 구설(口舌) (guseol)

/kʰoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂɤ³⁵/

/hɐu̯³⁵ siːt̚³/

/hɐu̯³⁵ siːt̚²/

/kʰau⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡siʔ⁴/

/kʰau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡siʔ⁴/

/kʰau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡siʔ¹²¹/

/kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siɛt̚⁴/

/kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siɛt̚¹²¹/

/kʰɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ siɛt̚⁴/

/kʰio⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ siɛt̚²⁴/

/kʰau⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ siɛt̚⁴/

/kʰau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siɛt̚⁴/

/kʰau⁵²⁻³⁵ t͡siʔ⁴/

/kʰoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂɤ³⁵/

/hɐu̯³⁵ siːt̚³/

/hɐu̯³⁵ siːt̚²/

/kʰau⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡siʔ⁴/

/kʰau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡siʔ⁴/

/kʰau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡siʔ¹²¹/

/kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siɛt̚⁴/

/kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siɛt̚¹²¹/

/kʰɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ siɛt̚⁴/

/kʰio⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ siɛt̚²⁴/

/kʰau⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ siɛt̚⁴/

/kʰau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siɛt̚⁴/

/kʰau⁵²⁻³⁵ t͡siʔ⁴/

(Jilu Mandarin, Huizhou, dialectal Wu) tongue


落蘇

/lu̯ɔ⁵¹ su⁵⁵/

/lu̯ɔ⁵¹ su⁵⁵/

Possibly of Austronesian origin; compare Paiwan [Term?] (lasaras) (Li, 2001). Also, compare Japanese 茄子 (nasu), which may or may not share this common etymon.

(Wu, Huizhou, Teochew) eggplant; aubergine


機司

/ki⁴⁴⁻²² su⁴⁴/

/ki⁴⁴⁻³³ su⁴⁴/

/ki⁴⁴⁻²² su⁴⁴/

/ki⁴⁴⁻³³ su⁴⁴/

(Hokkien, rare in Taiwan; Huizhou) driver; chauffeur


尿袋

/ni̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ taɪ̯⁵¹/

/niːu̯²² tɔːi̯²²⁻³⁵/

/ŋiau⁵³⁻⁵⁵ tʰoɪ⁵³/

/ziɤ³³⁻²¹ te³³/

/ni̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ taɪ̯⁵¹/

/niːu̯²² tɔːi̯²²⁻³⁵/

/ŋiau⁵³⁻⁵⁵ tʰoɪ⁵³/

/ziɤ³³⁻²¹ te³³/

(Hakka, Huizhou, Southern Min) urinary bladder


來去

/laɪ̯³⁵ t͡ɕʰy⁵¹/

/lɔːi̯²¹ hɵy̯³³/

/lai²³⁻³³ kʰi²¹/

/lai¹³⁻²² kʰi²¹/

/lai²⁴⁻²² kʰi²¹/

/lai²⁴⁻¹¹ kʰi¹¹/

/lai²⁴⁻²² kʰɯ⁴¹/

/lai²⁴⁻¹¹ kʰu¹¹/

/lai⁵⁵⁻¹¹ kʰɯ²¹³/

/lai⁵²⁻³⁵ kʰɯ²¹³/

/le²² t͡ɕʰi⁴⁴/

/ɦlɛ²⁴ kʰi³³/

/lɛ³¹ kʰɯ⁵⁵/

/laɪ̯³⁵ t͡ɕʰy⁵¹/

/lɔːi̯²¹ hɵy̯³³/

/lai²³⁻³³ kʰi²¹/

/lai¹³⁻²² kʰi²¹/

/lai²⁴⁻²² kʰi²¹/

/lai²⁴⁻¹¹ kʰi¹¹/

/lai²⁴⁻²² kʰɯ⁴¹/

/lai²⁴⁻¹¹ kʰu¹¹/

/lai⁵⁵⁻¹¹ kʰɯ²¹³/

/lai⁵²⁻³⁵ kʰɯ²¹³/

/le²² t͡ɕʰi⁴⁴/

/ɦlɛ²⁴ kʰi³³/

/lɛ³¹ kʰɯ⁵⁵/

(Hakka, Huizhou, Northern Min, Southern Min, Wu) to have contact with; to have dealings with


鬱李

/y⁵¹ li²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/y⁵¹ li²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


刀石

/to²⁴⁻¹¹ sak̚⁵/

/to⁵⁵ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾luoʔ⁵/

/to⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sioʔ⁴/

/to⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sioʔ¹²¹/

/to⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sioʔ⁴/

/tɤ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡siɤʔ⁴/

/to²⁴⁻¹¹ sak̚⁵/

/to⁵⁵ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾luoʔ⁵/

/to⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sioʔ⁴/

/to⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sioʔ¹²¹/

/to⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sioʔ⁴/

/tɤ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡siɤʔ⁴/


酒靨

/t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ jɛ⁵¹/

/t͡sɐu̯³⁵ jiːp̚³/

/t͡ɕiɤ³³ iɪʔ⁴⁴/

/t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ jɛ⁵¹/

/t͡sɐu̯³⁵ jiːp̚³/

/t͡ɕiɤ³³ iɪʔ⁴⁴/

(formal or Hakka, Huizhou, Wu) dimple (skin depression on the cheek)


麵線

→ Burmese: မြူစွမ် (mrucwam)

→ Cebuano: miswa

→ English: misua, mee sua

→ Indonesian: misoa

→ Khmer: មីសួ (mii suə)

→ Malay: misoa

→ Tagalog: miswa

/mi̯ɛn⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/miɛn⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ɕiɛn⁵³/

/mĩ⁴¹⁻²² suã⁴¹/

/mĩ²²⁻²¹ suã²¹/

/mi⁴¹⁻²² suã⁴¹/

/mĩ²²⁻¹¹ suã¹¹²/

/mĩ³³⁻¹¹ suã¹¹/

/mĩ³³⁻²¹ suã²¹/

/mĩ¹¹ sũã²¹³/

/mi³⁵⁻³³ sua²¹/

/mi̯ɛn⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/miɛn⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ɕiɛn⁵³/

/mĩ⁴¹⁻²² suã⁴¹/

/mĩ²²⁻²¹ suã²¹/

/mi⁴¹⁻²² suã⁴¹/

/mĩ²²⁻¹¹ suã¹¹²/

/mĩ³³⁻¹¹ suã¹¹/

/mĩ³³⁻²¹ suã²¹/

/mĩ¹¹ sũã²¹³/

/mi³⁵⁻³³ sua²¹/


老官

/lɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ku̯än⁵⁵/

/lɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ku̯än⁵⁵/

(dialectal Mandarin, Huizhou, dialectal Wu) husband


老嫗

/lɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ y⁵¹/

/lɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ y⁵¹/


小毛

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ mɑʊ̯³⁵/

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ mɑʊ̯³⁵/


八月半

/paʔ⁵⁻³ yeʔ⁵ pã⁴⁴/

/pue(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ ɡe(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ puã²¹/

/pue(ʔ)⁵ ɡə(ʔ)²⁴⁻² puã⁴¹/

/pe(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ ɡue(ʔ)¹²¹⁻²¹ puã²¹/

/poiʔ²⁻⁴ ɡueʔ⁴⁻² pũã²¹³/

/paʔ³³ ɦyɪʔ⁵⁵ pø²¹/

/paʔ⁵⁵ ɦyeʔ⁵⁵ pɵ/

/paʔ³³ n̠ʲyɪʔ⁵⁵ pø²¹/

/paʔ³³ ɦioʔ⁵⁵ pø²¹/

/paʔ³³ n̠ʲioʔ⁵⁵ pø²¹/

/poʔ⁴⁴ ŋəʔ⁴⁴ pø/

/paʔ⁵⁻³ yeʔ⁵ pã⁴⁴/

/pue(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ ɡe(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ puã²¹/

/pue(ʔ)⁵ ɡə(ʔ)²⁴⁻² puã⁴¹/

/pe(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ ɡue(ʔ)¹²¹⁻²¹ puã²¹/

/poiʔ²⁻⁴ ɡueʔ⁴⁻² pũã²¹³/

/paʔ³³ ɦyɪʔ⁵⁵ pø²¹/

/paʔ⁵⁵ ɦyeʔ⁵⁵ pɵ/

/paʔ³³ n̠ʲyɪʔ⁵⁵ pø²¹/

/paʔ³³ ɦioʔ⁵⁵ pø²¹/

/paʔ³³ n̠ʲioʔ⁵⁵ pø²¹/

/poʔ⁴⁴ ŋəʔ⁴⁴ pø/

(dialectal Mandarin, Hakka, Huizhou, Southern Min, Wu) Mid-Autumn Festival


飲湯

/jɐm³⁵ tʰɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/jɐm³⁵ tʰɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/ˈin²¹³⁻¹³ tʰɔŋ⁴²/

/aŋ³³⁻²¹ tʰouŋ⁵⁵/

/am⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tʰŋ̍⁴⁴/

/am⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tʰŋ̍³³/

/am⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tʰŋ̍⁴⁴/

/am⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tʰŋ̍⁴⁴/

/am⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tʰŋ̍⁴⁴/

/ˈin²¹³⁻¹³ tʰɔŋ⁴²/

/aŋ³³⁻²¹ tʰouŋ⁵⁵/

/am⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tʰŋ̍⁴⁴/

/am⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tʰŋ̍³³/

/am⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tʰŋ̍⁴⁴/

/am⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tʰŋ̍⁴⁴/

/am⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tʰŋ̍⁴⁴/

(Gan, Huizhou, Eastern Min, Southern Min, Wu) rice water; water in which rice has been cooked


秤花

/t͡sʰən²¹³ xua⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰiŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ŋua⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰiŋ⁴²⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ŋua⁵³³/

/t͡sʰiŋ⁴²⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ŋua⁵⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰin¹¹⁻⁵³ hue⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰin²¹⁻⁵³ hue⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰin²¹⁻⁴¹ hue⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰin⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ hue³³/

/t͡sʰin²¹⁻⁵³ hua⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰən²¹³ xua⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰiŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ŋua⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰiŋ⁴²⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ŋua⁵³³/

/t͡sʰiŋ⁴²⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ŋua⁵⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰin¹¹⁻⁵³ hue⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰin²¹⁻⁵³ hue⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰin²¹⁻⁴¹ hue⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰin⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ hue³³/

/t͡sʰin²¹⁻⁵³ hua⁴⁴/

(Yinchuan Mandarin, Zhao'an Hakka, Huizhou, Min, dialectal Wu) gradations marked on the beam of a steelyard


水鱉

/ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ pi̯ɛ⁵⁵/

/sɵy̯³⁵ piːt̚³/

/t͡sui⁵³⁻⁴⁴ piʔ³²/

/t͡sui⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ piʔ⁵/

/ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ pi̯ɛ⁵⁵/

/sɵy̯³⁵ piːt̚³/

/t͡sui⁵³⁻⁴⁴ piʔ³²/

/t͡sui⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ piʔ⁵/

(Quanzhou and Zhangzhou Hokkien, Huizhou) military water bottle


包蘿

包萝
包羅
苞蘿
波羅
菠羅
菠蘿

/pɑu³³ luɤ⁵⁵/

/pɑu³³ luɤ⁵⁵/

(Huizhou, Northern Min, dialectal Eastern Min, dialectal Southern Wu) corn; maize


姑奶奶

/ku⁵⁵ naɪ̯²¹⁴ naɪ̯⁴/

/kuː⁵⁵ naːi̯¹³⁻²¹ naːi̯¹³⁻³⁵/

/ku⁵⁵ naɪ̯²¹⁴ naɪ̯⁴/

/kuː⁵⁵ naːi̯¹³⁻²¹ naːi̯¹³⁻³⁵/

paternal grandfather
paternal grandfather#English

(chiefly Mandarin, Jin, Huizhou) paternal grandaunt (paternal grandfather's sister)


狗母

/kau⁴⁵³⁻¹¹ ⁽ᵖ⁻⁾o⁴⁵³/

/kau³³²⁻²¹ ⁽ᵖ⁻⁾βo³³²/

/kau⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ bu⁵⁵⁴/

/kau⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ bu⁴¹/

/kau⁵³⁻²⁴ bu⁵³/

/kau⁵⁴⁻²⁴ bu⁵⁴/

/kau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ bu⁵³/

/kau⁵³⁻⁵⁵ bo⁵³/

/kau³¹⁻²⁴ bo³¹/

/kau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ bɔ⁵³/

/kau⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ bɤ⁴¹/

/kau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ bo⁵³/

/kau⁵²⁻³⁵ bo⁵²⁻²¹/

/kau³¹⁻⁵⁵ bɔ³¹/

/kau³¹⁻⁵⁵ mu³¹/

/kau⁴⁵³⁻¹¹ ⁽ᵖ⁻⁾o⁴⁵³/

/kau³³²⁻²¹ ⁽ᵖ⁻⁾βo³³²/

/kau⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ bu⁵⁵⁴/

/kau⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ bu⁴¹/

/kau⁵³⁻²⁴ bu⁵³/

/kau⁵⁴⁻²⁴ bu⁵⁴/

/kau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ bu⁵³/

/kau⁵³⁻⁵⁵ bo⁵³/

/kau³¹⁻²⁴ bo³¹/

/kau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ bɔ⁵³/

/kau⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ bɤ⁴¹/

/kau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ bo⁵³/

/kau⁵²⁻³⁵ bo⁵²⁻²¹/

/kau³¹⁻⁵⁵ bɔ³¹/

/kau³¹⁻⁵⁵ mu³¹/

(dialectal Mandarin, Dexing Huizhou, Leizhou Min, Southern Min, Puxian Min) female dog


推剪

/tʰɵy̯⁵⁵ t͡siːn³⁵/

/tʰui⁴⁴⁻²² t͡siɛn⁵³/

/tʰui³³⁻²³ t͡siaŋ⁵²/

/tʰe̞i̯³³ t͡ɕi̯ẽ⁴¹/

/tʰɵy̯⁵⁵ t͡siːn³⁵/

/tʰui⁴⁴⁻²² t͡siɛn⁵³/

/tʰui³³⁻²³ t͡siaŋ⁵²/

/tʰe̞i̯³³ t͡ɕi̯ẽ⁴¹/

(dialectal Mandarin, Cantonese, Gan, Huizhou, Suide Jin, Hokkien, Teochew, Xiang) hair clippers


丈人老

/t͡sʰoŋ²⁴ ŋin¹¹ lo³¹/

/t͡sʰoŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ min²⁴ lo³¹/

/t͡sʰoŋ²⁴ ŋin¹¹ lo³¹/

/t͡ʃʰoŋ⁵³ min⁵³ lo²⁴/

/t͡ʃʰoŋ⁵³ ŋin⁵⁵ lo²⁴/

/t͡sʰɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ŋin¹¹ lau³¹/

/t͡sʰɔŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ŋin¹¹ lau³¹/

/t͡sʰoŋ²⁴ ŋin¹¹ lo³¹/

/t͡sʰoŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ min²⁴ lo³¹/

/t͡sʰoŋ²⁴ ŋin¹¹ lo³¹/

/t͡ʃʰoŋ⁵³ min⁵³ lo²⁴/

/t͡ʃʰoŋ⁵³ ŋin⁵⁵ lo²⁴/

/t͡sʰɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ŋin¹¹ lau³¹/

/t͡sʰɔŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ŋin¹¹ lau³¹/

(Liuzhou Mandarin, Hakka, Huizhou, Wenzhounese) father-in-law (wife's father)


孫新婦

/syːn⁵⁵ sɐn⁵⁵ pʰou̯¹³/

/syːn⁵⁵ sɐm⁵⁵ pʰou̯¹³/

/ɬun³³ ɬim³³ fu²¹/

/souŋ⁵⁵⁻²¹ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾niŋ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ⁽ᵖ⁻⁾mou²⁴²/

song¹ sing¹ bu⁵ [Phonetic:song⁵ ning² mu⁵]

/ɬɔŋ⁵³³⁻¹¹ ^((ɬ-))niŋ⁵³³⁻¹³ ⁽ᵖ⁻⁾mu¹¹/

/ɬoŋ⁵³³⁻¹¹ ^((ɬ-))niŋ⁵³³⁻¹³ ⁽ᵖ⁻⁾mu¹¹/

/θoŋ⁵⁴⁴⁻²¹ ⁽ᶿ⁻⁾niŋ⁵⁴⁴⁻²⁴ ⁽ᵖ⁻⁾mu²¹/

suong¹ sing¹ bu⁵ [Phonetic:suong⁵ ning² mu⁵]

/ɬuoŋ⁵⁴⁴⁻²¹ ^((ɬ-))niŋ⁵⁴⁴⁻²⁴ ⁽ᵖ⁻⁾mu²¹/

suerng¹ sing¹ bu⁵ [Phonetic:suerng⁵ ning² mu⁵]

/ɬɯəŋ⁵⁴⁴⁻²¹ ^((ɬ-))niŋ⁵⁴⁴⁻²⁴ ⁽ᵖ⁻⁾mu²¹/

/sun⁴⁴⁻²² sim⁴⁴⁻²² pu²²/

/sun⁴⁴⁻²² sin⁴⁴⁻²² pu²²/

/suŋ³³⁻²³ seŋ³³⁻²³ pu³⁵/

/syːn⁵⁵ sɐn⁵⁵ pʰou̯¹³/

/syːn⁵⁵ sɐm⁵⁵ pʰou̯¹³/

/ɬun³³ ɬim³³ fu²¹/

/souŋ⁵⁵⁻²¹ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾niŋ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ⁽ᵖ⁻⁾mou²⁴²/

/ɬɔŋ⁵³³⁻¹¹ ^((ɬ-))niŋ⁵³³⁻¹³ ⁽ᵖ⁻⁾mu¹¹/

/ɬoŋ⁵³³⁻¹¹ ^((ɬ-))niŋ⁵³³⁻¹³ ⁽ᵖ⁻⁾mu¹¹/

/θoŋ⁵⁴⁴⁻²¹ ⁽ᶿ⁻⁾niŋ⁵⁴⁴⁻²⁴ ⁽ᵖ⁻⁾mu²¹/

/ɬuoŋ⁵⁴⁴⁻²¹ ^((ɬ-))niŋ⁵⁴⁴⁻²⁴ ⁽ᵖ⁻⁾mu²¹/

/ɬɯəŋ⁵⁴⁴⁻²¹ ^((ɬ-))niŋ⁵⁴⁴⁻²⁴ ⁽ᵖ⁻⁾mu²¹/

/sun⁴⁴⁻²² sim⁴⁴⁻²² pu²²/

/sun⁴⁴⁻²² sin⁴⁴⁻²² pu²²/

/suŋ³³⁻²³ seŋ³³⁻²³ pu³⁵/

(Cantonese, Huizhou, Eastern Min, Southern Min, Puxian Min, Pinghua, Wu, dialectal Hakka, Nantong Mandarin) granddaughter-in-law (grandson's wife)


手管

/t͡sʰiu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kɔŋ⁵³/

/t͡sʰiu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kɔŋ⁵³/

(Shexian Huizhou, Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) arm


面盆

/mi̯ɛn⁵¹ pʰən³⁵/

/miːn²² pʰuːn²¹⁻³⁵/

/miɛn⁵³⁻⁵⁵ pʰun¹¹/

/miŋ⁵⁵ pɔŋ²¹/

/bin²²⁻²¹ pʰun²⁴/

/bin⁴¹⁻²² pʰun²⁴/

/bin³³⁻²¹ pʰun²³/

/bin³³⁻¹¹ pʰun²⁴/

/bin²²⁻²¹ pʰun¹³/

/miŋ¹¹ pʰuŋ⁵⁵/

/mi̯ɛn⁵¹ pʰən³⁵/

/miːn²² pʰuːn²¹⁻³⁵/

/miɛn⁵³⁻⁵⁵ pʰun¹¹/

/miŋ⁵⁵ pɔŋ²¹/

/bin²²⁻²¹ pʰun²⁴/

/bin⁴¹⁻²² pʰun²⁴/

/bin³³⁻²¹ pʰun²³/

/bin³³⁻¹¹ pʰun²⁴/

/bin²²⁻²¹ pʰun¹³/

/miŋ¹¹ pʰuŋ⁵⁵/

(Cantonese, Gan, Hakka, Huizhou, Northern Min, Southern Min, Wu) washbowl; washbasin (basin for washing the face and hands) (Classifier: 個／个 mn)


病字殼

/pĩ²²⁻²¹ li²²⁻²¹ kʰak̚³²/

/pĩ⁴¹⁻²² li⁴¹⁻²² kʰak̚⁵/

/pɛ̃²²⁻²¹ d͡zi²²⁻²¹ kʰak̚³²/

/piɪŋ⁴¹⁻²² li⁴¹⁻²² kʰak̚⁵/

/pĩ²²⁻²¹ li²²⁻²¹ kʰak̚³²/

/pĩ⁴¹⁻²² li⁴¹⁻²² kʰak̚⁵/

/pɛ̃²²⁻²¹ d͡zi²²⁻²¹ kʰak̚³²/

/piɪŋ⁴¹⁻²² li⁴¹⁻²² kʰak̚⁵/

(Southern Min, Huizhou) The Chinese character component 疒.


浮薸

/pʰou̯²¹ pʰiːu̯²¹⁻³⁵/

/pʰu²⁴⁻¹¹ pʰio²⁴/

/pʰu¹³⁻²² pʰio¹³/

/pʰu²³⁻³³ pʰiɤ²³/

/pʰu²⁴⁻²² pʰio²⁴/

/pʰu⁵⁵⁻¹¹ pʰio⁵⁵/

/pʰou̯²¹ pʰiːu̯²¹⁻³⁵/

/pʰu²⁴⁻¹¹ pʰio²⁴/

/pʰu¹³⁻²² pʰio¹³/

/pʰu²³⁻³³ pʰiɤ²³/

/pʰu²⁴⁻²² pʰio²⁴/

/pʰu⁵⁵⁻¹¹ pʰio⁵⁵/

2020, “浮萍 [fúpíng]”, 慧来藏 (lyrics)performed by 潮汕鱼儿:

ua² m⁶ nguang⁶ zo³ zêg⁸ hioh⁸ pu⁵ pio⁵, rim⁶ si³ sog⁸ gai⁵ huang¹ sui⁵ liu⁵ piao¹ boh⁸

I am not willing to be a leaf of duckweed, brought along the currents by the winds of the world

我唔願做一葉浮萍 任世俗個風隨流漂泊

我唔愿做一叶浮萍 任世俗个风随流漂泊

(Southwestern Mandarin, Cantonese, Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien, Teochew, Huizhou) duckweed, especially common duckweed (Lemna minor)


新人房

/siŋ⁵⁵ ^((Ø-))ŋiŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵖ⁻⁾muŋ⁵³/

/sin³³ laŋ²⁴⁻²² paŋ²⁴/

/sin⁴⁴⁻²² laŋ¹³⁻²² paŋ¹³/

/siŋ³³⁻²³ naŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ paŋ⁵⁵/

/siŋ⁵⁵ ^((Ø-))ŋiŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵖ⁻⁾muŋ⁵³/

/sin³³ laŋ²⁴⁻²² paŋ²⁴/

/sin⁴⁴⁻²² laŋ¹³⁻²² paŋ¹³/

/siŋ³³⁻²³ naŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ paŋ⁵⁵/

(Huizhou, Eastern Min, Quanzhou and Zhangzhou Hokkien, Teochew, Loudi Xiang) bridal chamber


搭脈

/tä⁵⁵ maɪ̯⁵¹/

/taʔ⁴⁴ maʔ¹²/

/tä⁵⁵ maɪ̯⁵¹/

/taʔ⁴⁴ maʔ¹²/

traditional Chinese medicine
traditional Chinese medicine

(dialectal Mandarin, Cantonese, Huizhou, Wu, traditional Chinese medicine) to feel someone's pulse


豬郎

/t͡syː⁵⁵ lɔːŋ²¹/

/t͡syː⁵⁵ lɔːŋ²¹⁻³⁵/

/t͡sz̩⁵⁵ lɑ̃²¹/

/t͡sz̩ʷ⁴⁴ lɑ̃/

/t͡syː⁵⁵ lɔːŋ²¹/

/t͡syː⁵⁵ lɔːŋ²¹⁻³⁵/

/t͡sz̩⁵⁵ lɑ̃²¹/

/t͡sz̩ʷ⁴⁴ lɑ̃/

(Cantonese, Pinghua, Liuzhou Mandarin, Zhongshan Hakka, Zhongshan Min, Wu, Huizhou) boar (usually used for breeding purposes)


多少鈔票

/tu⁵⁵ sɔ³³ t͡sʰɔ³³ pʰiɔ⁴⁴/

/tu⁵⁵ sɔ³³ t͡sʰɔ³³ pʰiɔ⁴⁴/

how much does it cost
how much does it cost

(Wu, Huizhou) how much money?, how much is it?, how much does it cost?


賊骨頭

/t͡seɪ̯³⁵ ku²¹⁴ tʰoʊ̯⁴/

/t͡seɪ̯³⁵ ku³⁵ tʰoʊ̯³/

/zəʔ¹¹ kuəʔ²² dɤ²³/

/zəʔ³³ kuəʔ⁴⁴ døy/

/t͡seɪ̯³⁵ ku²¹⁴ tʰoʊ̯⁴/

/t͡seɪ̯³⁵ ku³⁵ tʰoʊ̯³/

/zəʔ¹¹ kuəʔ²² dɤ²³/

/zəʔ³³ kuəʔ⁴⁴ døy/

2020, ニューエクスプレスプラス 上海語, page 108:

Oh no! My camera is missing! How could it be? Was it stolen by a thief?

¹e-ya ⁵tsau-shian-ci ⁶m-meq-leq ⁶na-nen-leq ⁷peq ⁸zeq-kueq-deu ¹theu-theq-leq

哎吔！照相機嘸沒了！哪能了？撥賊骨頭偷脫了？

2020, ニューエクスプレスプラス 上海語, page 108:

哎吔！照相机呒没了！哪能了？拨贼骨头偷脱了？


屎缸

/sɨ³¹ koŋ²⁴/

/ʃi²⁴⁻³³ koŋ⁵³/

/sz̩³¹ kɔŋ⁴⁴/

/sai⁵²⁻³⁵ kɯŋ³³/

/sɨ³¹ koŋ²⁴/

/ʃi²⁴⁻³³ koŋ⁵³/

/sz̩³¹ kɔŋ⁴⁴/

/sai⁵²⁻³⁵ kɯŋ³³/

(Nantong Mandarin, dialectal Cantonese, Hakka, Huizhou, Teochew, Chaozhou Teochew Shehua) toilet; latrine


病兒

(Southern Wu, Huizhou) to have morning sickness


洋芋頭

/iɔŋ³⁵ y¹¹ tʰɛu¹/

/i̯æn¹³ y²¹⁻¹¹ təu̯³/

/iɔŋ³⁵ y¹¹ tʰɛu¹/

/i̯æn¹³ y²¹⁻¹¹ təu̯³/


龍雹

/lœyŋ³³ pʰau⁵⁵/

/lœyŋ³³ pʰau⁵⁵/

The first angel blew his trumpet, and there followed hail and fire, mixed with blood, and these were thrown upon the earth. And a third of the earth was burned up, and a third of the trees were burned up, and all green grass was burned up.

1896, Séng Iŏ̤ Cṳ̌ing Sṳ́: Gṳ̄ing-nǎing Hǔ gâ̤ Tǔ-kióng (Lô̤-mǎ Cī), Mă̤-sī-lṳ̀ 8:7

Tê cì-ciă sǎ̤-chṳ̿ gâ̤ chṳé sā̤-gŭ, ciū iǔ lê̤ng-pāu iáu sáu huăi gâ̤ hǒ, lò̤ hā diá-di̿: si̿-gáing sáng-gǔ cì-gǔ chiáu-tiāu, chiū sáng-gǔ cì-gǔ iǎ chiáu-tiāu, gŏ̤ iōng gâ̤ cháng-chǎu dú chiáu-tiāu.

頭一隻使喙其吹□角，就有龍雹邀搜血其火，落下地裡：世間三股一股燒掉，樹三股一股也燒掉，各樣其青草都燒掉。

头一只使喙其吹□角，就有龙雹邀搜血其火，落下地里：世间三股一股烧掉，树三股一股也烧掉，各样其青草都烧掉。

(Northern, Eastern and Central Min, Southern Wu, Huizhou, Shehua) hail


棕索

/t͡sʊŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ sɔk̚¹/

/t͡sɔŋ⁵⁴ sɔ²⁴/

/t͡søyŋ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾nɔʔ²⁴/

/t͡saŋ⁴⁴⁻²² soʔ³²/

/t͡saŋ⁴⁴⁻²² soʔ³²/

/t͡saŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ soʔ³²/

/t͡saŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ sɤʔ³²/

/t͡sʊŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ sɔk̚¹/

/t͡sɔŋ⁵⁴ sɔ²⁴/

/t͡søyŋ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾nɔʔ²⁴/

/t͡saŋ⁴⁴⁻²² soʔ³²/

/t͡saŋ⁴⁴⁻²² soʔ³²/

/t͡saŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ soʔ³²/

/t͡saŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ sɤʔ³²/

(Hakka, Huizhou, Min, Pinghua) palm rope


麻雀兒

/ma²¹ t͡ɕʰyɚ²¹⁻⁵⁵/

/ma²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sʰuər⁵/

/mɑ²² t͡ɕʰiɔ⁵⁵ əl²¹/

/ma²¹ t͡ɕʰyɚ²¹⁻⁵⁵/

/ma²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sʰuər⁵/

/mɑ²² t͡ɕʰiɔ⁵⁵ əl²¹/

(dialectal Mandarin, Huizhou, Southern Wu, Hangzhounese) sparrow


天狗吃月

/tʰiɛn⁵⁵ kəu⁵³ t͡sʰz̩²¹ ye²¹/

/ˈtʰiɛn⁴² kiɛu²¹³⁻¹³ t͡ɕʰiaʔ⁵ n̠ʲɵt̚⁵/

/tʰi̯ẽ³³ kəu̯⁴¹ t͡ɕʰi̯a̠²⁴ y̯e̞²⁴/

/tʰiɛn⁵⁵ kəu⁵³ t͡sʰz̩²¹ ye²¹/

/ˈtʰiɛn⁴² kiɛu²¹³⁻¹³ t͡ɕʰiaʔ⁵ n̠ʲɵt̚⁵/

/tʰi̯ẽ³³ kəu̯⁴¹ t͡ɕʰi̯a̠²⁴ y̯e̞²⁴/

(dialectal Mandarin, dialectal Cantonese, Gan, Huizhou, Pinghua, Jinhua Wu, Xiang) lunar eclipse


地理先生

/tʰi⁵⁵ li²⁴⁻¹¹ sin²⁴⁻¹¹ saŋ²⁴/

/tʰi⁵³⁻⁵⁵ li³¹ ɕin⁴⁴ saŋ⁴⁴/

/ti²⁴²⁻⁵³ l̃i³³⁽⁻²¹⁾ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾liŋ⁵⁵ nˡaŋ⁵⁵/

/ti²¹⁻¹¹ li⁴¹ si̯ẽ³³ sən³/

/ti²¹⁻¹¹ li⁴¹ ɕi̯ẽ³³ sən³/

/tʰi⁵⁵ li²⁴⁻¹¹ sin²⁴⁻¹¹ saŋ²⁴/

/tʰi⁵³⁻⁵⁵ li³¹ ɕin⁴⁴ saŋ⁴⁴/

/ti²⁴²⁻⁵³ l̃i³³⁽⁻²¹⁾ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾liŋ⁵⁵ nˡaŋ⁵⁵/

/ti²¹⁻¹¹ li⁴¹ si̯ẽ³³ sən³/

/ti²¹⁻¹¹ li⁴¹ ɕi̯ẽ³³ sən³/

(Pingxiang Gan, Hakka, Huizhou, Eastern Min, Southern Pinghua, Xiang) fengshui master; geomancer


睏懶覺

/kʰuən⁴⁴ le²² kɔ⁴⁴/

/kʰu̯ən⁴⁵ l̃an⁴¹ kɒu̯⁴⁵/

/kʰuən⁴⁴ le²² kɔ⁴⁴/

/kʰu̯ən⁴⁵ l̃an⁴¹ kɒu̯⁴⁵/

(Huizhou, Hangzhounese, Xiang) to sleep in


桑葉樹

/saŋ⁵⁵ iɛ²¹ su²¹³/

/san³³ i̯e̞²⁴ ɕy²¹⁻¹¹/

/saŋ⁵⁵ iɛ²¹ su²¹³/

/san³³ i̯e̞²⁴ ɕy²¹⁻¹¹/

(Sichuanese, Huizhou, Jinhua Wu, Xiang) mulberry tree


抹檯布

/maːt̚³ tʰɔːi̯²¹⁻³⁵ pou̯³³/

/muːt̚³ tʰɔːi̯²¹⁻³⁵ pou̯³³/

/maːt̚³ tʰɔːi̯²¹⁻³⁵ pou̯³³/

/muːt̚³ tʰɔːi̯²¹⁻³⁵ pou̯³³/

(Cantonese, dialectal Hakka, Pinghua, Huizhou, Jiangsu Wu) rag; wiping cloth; cleaning cloth (especially for wiping tables)


眼淚水

/ŋaːn¹³ lɵy̯²² sɵy̯³⁵/

/ŋan⁴¹ li²⁴ ɕy̯e̞i̯⁴¹/

/ŋan³³ ly³³ ɕy³³/

/ŋaːn¹³ lɵy̯²² sɵy̯³⁵/

/ŋan⁴¹ li²⁴ ɕy̯e̞i̯⁴¹/

/ŋan³³ ly³³ ɕy³³/

(Southwestern Mandarin, Cantonese, Huizhou, Pinghua, Wu, Xiang) tears


花甲子

/fa⁴⁴⁻³⁵ kap̚¹ t͡sz̩³¹/

/fa⁴⁴⁻³⁵ kap̚¹ t͡sz̩³¹/


後朝

(Nantong Mandarin, Lichuan Gan, Huizhou, Northern Min, Danyang Wu) day after tomorrow


蠟燭臺

(Liuzhou Mandarin, Gan, Huizhou, Northern Min, Wu) candlestick; candelabrum


邊舷

(Hainanese, Huizhou, Northern Min, dialectal Eastern Min) side; beside; to the side


蒼蠅兒

/t͡sʰaŋ⁵⁵ iɚ⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰaŋ⁵⁵ iɚ⁵⁵/

(Sichuanese, Xiuning and Yixian Huizhou) Erhua form of 蒼蠅／苍蝇 (cāngying).


豌豆兒

/uan⁵⁵ tɚ²¹³/

/uan⁵⁵ tɚ²¹³/

(dialectal Mandarin, Tunxi Huizhou) Erhua form of 豌豆 (wāndòu)


圓檯

/jyːn²¹ tʰɔːi̯²¹⁻³⁵/

/ɦyø²² de⁴⁴/

/jyːn²¹ tʰɔːi̯²¹⁻³⁵/

/ɦyø²² de⁴⁴/

(Cantonese, Wu, Huizhou) round table (Classifier: 張／张 c)


灰麵

/ˈfɨi⁴² miɛn¹¹/

/ɸe̞i̯³³ mi̯ẽ²¹⁻¹¹/

/ˈfɨi⁴² miɛn¹¹/

/ɸe̞i̯³³ mi̯ẽ²¹⁻¹¹/

(dialectal Mandarin, Cantonese, Huizhou, Gan, Xiang) flour


發夢天

/ɸa̠²⁴ mʊŋ²¹⁻¹¹ tʰi̯ẽ³³/

/ɸa̠²⁴ mən²¹⁻¹¹ tʰi̯ẽ³³/

/ɸa̠²⁴ mʊŋ²¹⁻¹¹ tʰi̯ẽ³³/

/ɸa̠²⁴ mən²¹⁻¹¹ tʰi̯ẽ³³/


雪子

/si̯e̞²⁴ t͡sz̩⁴¹/

/ɕi̯e̞²⁴ t͡sz̩⁴¹/

/si̯e̞²⁴ t͡sz̩⁴¹/

/ɕi̯e̞²⁴ t͡sz̩⁴¹/

(dialectal Gan, Huizhou, dialectal Wu, Xiang) graupel; granular snow


挑手旁

/tʰiɛu⁴² sɨu² pʰɔŋ²⁴/

/tʰiɔ⁵⁵ sɤ³³ bɑ̃²¹/

/tʰiɔ⁵⁵ sɤ³³ pɑ̃²¹/

/tʰiɛu⁴² sɨu² pʰɔŋ²⁴/

/tʰiɔ⁵⁵ sɤ³³ bɑ̃²¹/

/tʰiɔ⁵⁵ sɤ³³ pɑ̃²¹/

(dialectal Mandarin, Gan, Huizhou, Wu) The Chinese character component 扌.


交秋

/kau̯²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sʰi̯u²⁴/

/kɔ⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰiɤ²¹/

/kau̯²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sʰi̯u²⁴/

/kɔ⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰiɤ²¹/

(dialectal Mandarin, Gan, Hakka, Huizhou, Northern Min, Puxian Min, Wu) The first day of autumn, one of the solar terms (around the 8th of August).

立春、雨水、驚蟄

二十四節氣／二十四节气 (Èrshísì Jiéqì, “The twenty-four solar terms”); Spring

立夏、小滿

二十四節氣／二十四节气 (Èrshísì Jiéqì, “The twenty-four solar terms”); Summer

立秋、處暑

二十四節氣／二十四节气 (Èrshísì Jiéqì, “The twenty-four solar terms”); Autumn

立冬、小雪、大雪、冬至、小寒、大寒

二十四節氣／二十四节气 (Èrshísì Jiéqì, “The twenty-four solar terms”); Winter


肚瀉

/tu⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi̯ɛ⁵¹/

/tʰou̯¹³ sɛː³³/

/tu⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi̯ɛ⁵¹/

/tʰou̯¹³ sɛː³³/

(chiefly Cantonese, Shexian Huizhou) to have diarrhea


鳥窠

/tiɔ³³ kʰu⁴⁴/

/n̠ʲiɔ³³ kʰu⁴⁴/

/tiɔ³³ kʰu⁴⁴/

/n̠ʲiɔ³³ kʰu⁴⁴/

(Pingxiang Gan, Huizhou, Wu) bird's nest


蜂窠

/foŋ⁵⁵ kʰu²¹/

/foŋ⁵⁵ kʰu²¹/

(Huizhou, Wu, dialectal Xiang) honeycomb (structure of cells made by bees)


雌狗

/t͡sʰz̩⁵⁵ kɤ²¹/

/t͡sʰz̩⁵⁵ kɤ²¹/


雄狗

/ɦioŋ²² kɤ⁴⁴/

/ɦioŋ²² køy³³/

/ɦioŋ²² kɤ⁴⁴/

/ɦioŋ²² køy³³/


狗窠

/kɤ³³ kʰu⁴⁴/

/kɤ³³ kʰu⁴⁴/

(Wuhan Mandarin, Pingxiang Gan, Huizhou, Wu, Loudi Xiang) kennel; doghouse


娘舅

/nˡouŋ⁵³⁻²¹ kiɛu²⁴²/

/n̠ʲiã²² d͡ʑiɤ⁴⁴/

/nˡouŋ⁵³⁻²¹ kiɛu²⁴²/

/n̠ʲiã²² d͡ʑiɤ⁴⁴/

(Huizhou, Eastern Min, Wu) maternal uncle (mother's brother)

> - mother's elder brother; < - mother's younger brother; >< - face-to-face; <> - non-face-to-face


裡首

(dialectal Mandarin, Huizhou, dated in Shanghainese) inside; interior


嘴脣皮

/t͡sz̩³³ zən⁵⁵ bi²¹/

/t͡sz̩³³ zən⁵⁵ bi²¹/


耳朵環

/n̠ʲi²² tu⁵⁵ ɡue²¹/

/n̠ʲi²² tu⁵⁵ ɡue²¹/


蚊蟲香

/mən²² zoŋ⁵⁵ ɕiã²¹/

/mən²² zoŋ⁵⁵ ɕiã²¹/


別人家

/pieʔ⁵ ʐə̃ t͡ɕia³¹/

/pʰɛt̚⁵ ŋin¹¹ ka⁴⁴/

/biɪʔ¹¹ n̠ʲin²² ka²³/

/bəʔ¹¹ n̠ʲin²² ka²³/

/pieʔ⁵ ʐə̃ t͡ɕia³¹/

/pʰɛt̚⁵ ŋin¹¹ ka⁴⁴/

/biɪʔ¹¹ n̠ʲin²² ka²³/

/bəʔ¹¹ n̠ʲin²² ka²³/

(Nanjing Mandarin, Pingxiang Gan, Hakka, Huizhou, Wu) others; other people


雙隑人

/sɑ̃⁵⁵ ɡe³³ n̠ʲin²¹/

/sɑ̃⁵⁵ ɡe³³ n̠ʲin²¹/

(Huizhou, Wu) The Chinese character component 彳.


單隑人

/te⁵⁵ ɡe³³ n̠ʲin²¹/

/te⁵⁵ ɡe³³ n̠ʲin²¹/

(Huizhou, Wu) The Chinese character component 亻, human radical.


堂客

/tʰɑŋ³⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹/

/tʰɑŋ³⁵ kʰə³/

/tʰɔːŋ²¹ haːk̚³⁻³⁵/

/tan¹³ kʰɤ̞²⁴/

/tʰɑŋ³⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹/

/tʰɑŋ³⁵ kʰə³/

/tʰɔːŋ²¹ haːk̚³⁻³⁵/

/tan¹³ kʰɤ̞²⁴/

(dialectal Mandarin, Cantonese, Nanxiong Zhuji Hakka, Huizhou, Xiang, non-face-to-face) wife


鵝掌風

/ŋie⁵³⁻²¹ ^((t͡s-))ʒuoŋ³³⁻²¹ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ŋuŋ⁵⁵/

/ŋu²² t͡sɑ̃⁵⁵ foŋ²¹/

/ŋie⁵³⁻²¹ ^((t͡s-))ʒuoŋ³³⁻²¹ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ŋuŋ⁵⁵/

/ŋu²² t͡sɑ̃⁵⁵ foŋ²¹/

(Huizhou, Eastern Min, Wu, medicine) tinea manuum


鵝子

/ˀɤ³⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ŋɔː²¹ t͡siː³⁵/

/ŋo¹¹ t͡sɨ³¹/

/ˀɤ³⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ŋɔː²¹ t͡siː³⁵/

/ŋo¹¹ t͡sɨ³¹/


邊上

/pi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ʂɑŋ²/

/ˈpiɛn⁴² sɔŋ¹¹/

/pi̯ẽ³³ ʂan²¹⁻¹¹/

/pi̯ẽ³³ san²¹⁻¹¹/

/pi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ʂɑŋ²/

/ˈpiɛn⁴² sɔŋ¹¹/

/pi̯ẽ³³ ʂan²¹⁻¹¹/

/pi̯ẽ³³ san²¹⁻¹¹/

(dialectal Mandarin, Gan, Shangyou Hakka, Huizhou, Xiang) side; border


月亮生毛

/y̯e̞²⁴ li̯æn²¹⁻¹¹ sən³³ mɒu̯¹³/

/y̯e̞²⁴ li̯æn²¹⁻¹¹ sən³³ mɒu̯¹³/

(Sichuanese, Xiang, Huizhou, meteorology) lunar halo


黃牯

(Changsha Xiang, Huizhou) bull (male of domesticated cattle)


雞眼睛

/t͡ɕi⁵⁵ iɛn⁵³ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕi³³ ŋan⁴¹ t͡ɕin³/

/t͡ɕi⁵⁵ iɛn⁵³ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕi³³ ŋan⁴¹ t͡ɕin³/


水牯

/ɕy̯e̞i̯⁴¹ ku⁴¹/

/ɕy̯e̞i̯⁴¹ ku⁴¹/

(Guiyang Mandarin, Changsha Xiang, Southern Wu, Huizhou) male water buffalo


見氣

/t͡ɕi⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi²¹/

/t͡ɕɪ⁵² t͡ɕʰi¹¹/

/t͡ɕi̯ẽ⁴⁵ t͡ɕʰi⁴⁵/

/t͡ɕi⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi²¹/

/t͡ɕɪ⁵² t͡ɕʰi¹¹/

/t͡ɕi̯ẽ⁴⁵ t͡ɕʰi⁴⁵/

(Yangzhou Mandarin, Pingxiang Gan, Huizhou, Wu, Xiang) to be angry; to get upset; to be mad


伙頭

/fɔː³⁵ tʰɐu̯²¹⁻³⁵/

/fᵘɔ⁵⁵ heu²²⁻²²⁵/

/he⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tʰau²⁴/

/he⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tʰau²⁴/

/he⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tʰau²³/

/hue⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tʰau¹³/

/hə⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tʰau²⁴/

/hue⁵²⁻³⁵ tʰau⁵⁵/

/fɔː³⁵ tʰɐu̯²¹⁻³⁵/

/fᵘɔ⁵⁵ heu²²⁻²²⁵/

/he⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tʰau²⁴/

/he⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tʰau²⁴/

/he⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tʰau²³/

/hue⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tʰau¹³/

/hə⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tʰau²⁴/

/hue⁵²⁻³⁵ tʰau⁵⁵/

(Cantonese, Hakka, Huizhou, Hokkien, Teochew, Leizhou Min, Zhongshan Min, Jinhua Wu) cook; chef


騎馬布

/d͡ʑi²² mo⁵⁵ pu²¹/

/d͡ʑi²² mo⁵⁵ pu²¹/

(Luoyang Mandarin, Pingxiang Gan, Yudu Hakka, Huizhou, Wu) sanitary belt (narrow belt to hold a sanitary napkin in place)


化雪

(dialectal Mandarin, Yudu Hakka, Huizhou, Loudi Xiang) to melt (of snow)


澆糞

/t͡ɕiɔ⁵⁵ fən²¹/

/t͡ɕiɔ⁴⁴ fən³⁴/

/t͡ɕiɔ⁵⁵ fən²¹/

/t͡ɕiɔ⁴⁴ fən³⁴/

(dialectal Mandarin, Shexian Huizhou, Northern Wu) to apply manure to a field


做賬

/t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂɑŋ⁵¹/

/t͡su²¹³ t͡saŋ²¹³/

/t͡su³³ t͡sã⁴⁴/

/t͡su⁴⁴ t͡sã³⁴/

/t͡səu⁵⁵ t͡ɕiã³³/

/t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂɑŋ⁵¹/

/t͡su²¹³ t͡saŋ²¹³/

/t͡su³³ t͡sã⁴⁴/

/t͡su⁴⁴ t͡sã³⁴/

/t͡səu⁵⁵ t͡ɕiã³³/

(Chengdu Sichuanese, Huizhou, Wu) to keep accounts; to record transactions; to do bookkeeping


信殼

/sin²¹³⁻²¹ kʰak̚⁵/

/ɕin³³ kʰoʔ⁴⁴/

/sin²¹³⁻²¹ kʰak̚⁵/

/ɕin³³ kʰoʔ⁴⁴/

(dialectal Mandarin, Longyan Min, Huizhou, Datian Min, dialectal Eastern Min, Wu) envelope


你老人家

ㄋㄧˇ ㄌㄠˇ ˙ㄖㄣ ˙ㄐㄧㄚ

ㄋㄧˇ ㄌㄠˇ ˙ㄖㄣ ˙ㄐㄧㄚ

нилаожэньцзя

/ni²¹⁴⁻³⁵ lɑʊ̯²¹⁴ ʐən⁴ d͡ʑ̥i̯ä¹/

/ni²¹⁴⁻³⁵ lɑʊ̯²¹⁴ ʐən⁴ d͡ʑ̥i̯ä¹/

(dialectal Mandarin, Jin, Shexian Huizhou) you (polite)


倒草

(Hakka, Huizhou) to ruminate; to chew the cud


倒灶

/tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡sɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/tau²¹³⁻¹³ t͡sau³⁵/

/tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡sɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/tau²¹³⁻¹³ t͡sau³⁵/


細女

/sɐi̯³³ nɵy̯¹³⁻³⁵/

/sɐi̯³³ nɵy̯¹³⁻³⁵/

(Cantonese, Pinghua, Huizhou) youngest daughter


新女婿

/ɕiŋ¹¹ ny⁵³ ɕy⁴⁵/

/ɕiŋ¹¹ ny⁵³ ɕy⁴⁵/

(dialectal Mandarin, Jin, Huizhou) bridegroom


過輩

/kʰuɛ²¹⁻⁵⁵ puɛ²¹/

/kʰuɛ²¹⁻⁵⁵ puɛ²¹/

(Yangjiang Yue, Huizhou, Leizhou Min, dialectal Wu) to die; to pass away

† - euphemistic; ‡ - usually of the elderly; ¤ - humorous; § - derogatory/disrespectful

被難

to be killed in a disaster, political incident


討親

(Pingxiang Gan, Taiwanese Hakka, Huizhou, Eastern Min, dialectal Wu, dialectal Xiang) to take a wife


捏拳頭

/n̠ʲiaʔ²² d͡ʑyø²² dɤ⁴⁴/

/n̠ʲiaʔ¹¹ d͡ʑyø²² dɤ²³/

/n̠ʲiaʔ²² d͡ʑyø²² dɤ⁴⁴/

/n̠ʲiaʔ¹¹ d͡ʑyø²² dɤ²³/

He clenched his fist, planning to beat someone up.

他捏拳頭想打人。

他捏拳头想打人。

(Northern Wu, Huizhou) to clench one's fist


拜老爺

/pai²¹³⁻⁵⁵ lau³⁵⁻¹¹ ia⁵⁵/

/pai²¹³⁻⁵⁵ lau³⁵⁻¹¹ ia⁵⁵/

(Huizhou, Teochew) to worship Buddha; to prostrate oneself before the image of Buddha


蛇殼

/t͡sua²⁴⁻²² kʰak̚³²/

/t͡sua²⁴⁻²² kʰak̚³²/

(Yongchun Hokkien, Leizhou Min, Huizhou) snake slough


茄兒

/d͡ʑi¹¹ əl⁵³/

/d͡ʑi¹¹ əl⁵³/

(dialectal Mandarin, Huizhou, Zhejiang Wu) eggplant; aubergine


包蘆

(dialectal Mandarin, Huizhou) corn; maize


黑晚

/hak̚⁵⁵ ᵐban²¹⁻²¹⁵/

/hak̚⁵⁵ ᵐban²¹⁻²¹⁵/

(Taishanese, Huizhou Hakka) evening; night


姪新婦

侄新妇
侄新婦
姪新妇
姪新抱
姪心抱
侄新抱
侄心抱

/t͡sɐt̚² sɐn⁵⁵ pʰou̯¹³/

/tiʔ⁵⁻²¹ siŋ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ⁽ᵖ⁻⁾mou²⁴²/

/t͡sɐt̚² sɐn⁵⁵ pʰou̯¹³/

/tiʔ⁵⁻²¹ siŋ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ⁽ᵖ⁻⁾mou²⁴²/

(Cantonese, Eastern Min, Pingxiang Gan, Huizhou, Danyang Wu) nephew's wife (brother's son's wife)


天狗吃日

ㄊㄧㄢ ㄍㄡˇ ㄔ ㄖˋ

тяньгоу чижи

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ koʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵⁵ ʐ̩⁵¹/

/tʰiẽ³¹ kəɯ¹¹ ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩ʔ⁵⁻³ ʐ̩ʔ⁵/

/tʰin³³ kɐu²¹ hɐt̚²⁴ jɐt̚⁵⁵/

/tʰin⁵³ kəu³³ hɪk̚³³ ɲət̚²⁴/

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ koʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵⁵ ʐ̩⁵¹/

/tʰiẽ³¹ kəɯ¹¹ ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩ʔ⁵⁻³ ʐ̩ʔ⁵/

/tʰin³³ kɐu²¹ hɐt̚²⁴ jɐt̚⁵⁵/

/tʰin⁵³ kəu³³ hɪk̚³³ ɲət̚²⁴/

(Mandarin, dialectal Cantonese, Huizhou, Pinghua, Jinhua Wu, Quanzhou Xiang, colloquial) solar eclipse


放樹

/fɔ̃⁵⁵ zz̩ʷ³³/

/xɔŋ¹³⁻³³ ʑy¹¹/

/fɔ̃⁵⁵ zz̩ʷ³³/

/xɔŋ¹³⁻³³ ʑy¹¹/

(dialectal Mandarin, Huizhou, Ningbonese, Loudi Xiang) to chop down trees; to chop wood


斫樹

/t͡soʔ⁵⁵ zz̩ʷ³³/

/t͡səʔ⁴⁴ ʑy¹⁴/

/t͡ɕi̯ɔ¹³⁻³³ ʑy¹¹/

/t͡soʔ⁵⁵ zz̩ʷ³³/

/t͡səʔ⁴⁴ ʑy¹⁴/

/t͡ɕi̯ɔ¹³⁻³³ ʑy¹¹/

(Pingxiang Gan, Huizhou, Northern Min, dialectal Wu, Loudi Xiang) to chop down trees; to chop wood


賴學

/lɛ⁴⁴⁻⁴² ɕioʔ⁵/

/la²² ɦoʔ⁴⁴/

/lɑ²³ ɦoʔ¹¹/

/la²² ɦoʔ⁴⁴/

/lɛ¹¹ ɦiɑʔ⁵³/

/ɦlɑ³¹ ʔoʔ⁵/

/lɑ⁵⁵ oʔ²¹²/

/lɛ⁴⁴⁻⁴² ɕioʔ⁵/

/la²² ɦoʔ⁴⁴/

/lɑ²³ ɦoʔ¹¹/

/la²² ɦoʔ⁴⁴/

/lɛ¹¹ ɦiɑʔ⁵³/

/ɦlɑ³¹ ʔoʔ⁵/

/lɑ⁵⁵ oʔ²¹²/

(dialectal Mandarin, Huizhou, dialectal Gan, Wu) to cut school; to ditch class; to play truant


懶坯

/lã¹¹⁻¹² pʰəi³¹/

/lẽ̞⁵⁵ pʰei²¹/

/lã¹¹⁻¹² pʰəi³¹/

/lẽ̞⁵⁵ pʰei²¹/

(Nanjing Mandarin, Huizhou, Hangzhounese) lazy fellow; lazybones


茭瓜

/t͡ɕiɔ³¹⁻³³ kua³¹/

/t͡ɕi̯ɒu̯³³ ku̯a̠³³/

/t͡ɕiɔ³¹⁻³³ kua³¹/

/t͡ɕi̯ɒu̯³³ ku̯a̠³³/

Zizania latifolia
Zizania latifolia#Translingual

(Nanjing, Guiyang and Yangzhou Mandarin, Huizhou, Changsha Xiang) edible wild rice stem (galls formed on young stems of Zizania latifolia after parasitism by the fungus Ustilago esculenta as a kind of vegetable)


茭白筍

/ka⁴⁴⁻²² piɪk̚⁴⁻³² sun⁵³/

/kʰa⁴⁴⁻²² pɛ(ʔ)¹²¹⁻²¹ sun⁵³/

/ka⁴⁴⁻²² piɪk̚⁴⁻³² sun⁵³/

/kʰa⁴⁴⁻²² pɛ(ʔ)¹²¹⁻²¹ sun⁵³/

(Hokkien, Huizhou) edible wild rice stem (galls formed on young stems of Zizania latifolia after parasitism by the fungus Ustilago esculenta as a kind of vegetable)


摩托卡

/mo¹³ tʰo²⁴ kʰa̠⁴¹/

/mo¹³ tʰo²⁴ kʰa̠⁴¹/

(dialectal Mandarin, Huizhou, Xiang) motorcycle