三

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (三):
* → Japanese: 三(さん) (san)
* → Korean: 삼(三) (sam)
* → Vietnamese: tam (三)

→ Proto-Tai: *saːmᴬ (“three”)

Lao: ສາມ (sām)

Thai: สาม (sǎam)

Zhuang: sam

Characters in the same phonetic series (三) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
Ideogram (指事) - three parallel strokes. Compare with 一, one stroke meaning “one”, 二, two strokes meaning “two”, and 亖, four strokes meaning “four”.
Triplication of 一 (“one”). See also 畺. Unrelated to 丰.
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *kV-sum.
Pronunciation in Early Middle Chinese should be *srim, but actually is *sam, with a non-retroflex initial consonant. This irregular development should be due by analogy with the initial of number four in EMC, *sijH.

Han etyl

叄/叁/參/参
𠫰/𠬅/𠬄
弎
𢦘


氚

/ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

Ideogrammic compound (會意 /会意): 气 (“gas”) + 川 (“three”). Also a phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声), where 川 (chuān) acts as the phonetic component. Compare 氕 (“protium”) and 氘 (“deuterium”).
From 川 (chuān) from the glyph, possibly influenced by New Latin tritium.


一日不見，如隔三秋

ㄧ ㄖˋ ㄅㄨˋ ㄐㄧㄢˋ

ㄖㄨˊ ㄍㄜˊ ㄙㄢ ㄑㄧㄡ

jat¹ jat⁶ bat¹ gin³, jyu⁴ gaak³ saam¹ cau¹

ㄧ ㄖˋ ㄅㄨˋ ㄐㄧㄢˋ

ㄖㄨˊ ㄍㄜˊ ㄙㄢ ㄑㄧㄡ

/i⁵⁵⁻³⁵ ʐ̩⁵¹ pu⁵¹⁻³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹ ʐu³⁵ kɤ³⁵ sän⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵/

jat⁷ jat⁹ bat⁷ gin³, jy⁴ gaak⁸ saam¹ tsau¹

/jɐt̚⁵ jɐt̚² pɐt̚⁵ kiːn³³ jyː²¹ kaːk̚³ saːm⁵⁵ t͡sʰɐu̯⁵⁵/

From the Classic of Poetry, poem 72 (《詩經·王風·采葛》)

lang

(《詩經·王風·采葛》)

(《詩經·王風·采葛》)

There he is gathering the oxtail-southern-wood!
A day without seeing him, Is like three years!

The Classic of Poetry, c. 11ᵗʰ – 7ᵗʰ centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

Bǐ cǎi xiāo xī, yīrì bùjiàn, rú sān qiū xī.

彼采蕭兮，一日不見，如三秋兮。

彼采萧兮，一日不见，如三秋兮。

Not seeing (somebody) for a day is like being apart for three autumns.

a single day apart seems like three years


一日三秋

/i⁵⁵⁻³⁵ ʐ̩⁵¹ sän⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵/

/jɐt̚⁵ jɐt̚² saːm⁵⁵ t͡sʰɐu̯⁵⁵/

/it̚⁵⁻²⁴ lit̚²⁴⁻² sam³³ t͡sʰiu³³/

/it̚³²⁻⁴ lit̚⁴⁻³² sam⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sʰiu⁴⁴/

/it̚³²⁻⁴ lit̚⁴⁻³² sam⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sʰiu⁴⁴/

/it̚³²⁻⁵⁴ lit̚⁵⁴⁻³² sam⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sʰiu⁴⁴/

/it̚³²⁻⁴ lit̚⁴³⁻²¹ sam⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sʰiu⁴⁴/

/it̚²⁻⁵ d͡zit̚⁵⁻² sam⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sʰiu⁴⁴/

/it̚³²⁻⁴ d͡zit̚⁴⁻¹ sam⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sʰiu⁴⁴/

/it̚³²⁻⁴ zit̚⁴⁻³² sam⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sʰiu⁴⁴/

/it̚³²⁻⁴ d͡zit̚⁴³⁻²¹ sam⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sʰiu⁴⁴/

/it̚³²⁻⁵ d͡zit̚¹²¹⁻²¹ sam⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sʰiu⁴⁴/

/i⁵⁵⁻³⁵ ʐ̩⁵¹ sän⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵/

/jɐt̚⁵ jɐt̚² saːm⁵⁵ t͡sʰɐu̯⁵⁵/

/it̚⁵⁻²⁴ lit̚²⁴⁻² sam³³ t͡sʰiu³³/

/it̚³²⁻⁴ lit̚⁴⁻³² sam⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sʰiu⁴⁴/

/it̚³²⁻⁴ lit̚⁴⁻³² sam⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sʰiu⁴⁴/

/it̚³²⁻⁵⁴ lit̚⁵⁴⁻³² sam⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sʰiu⁴⁴/

/it̚³²⁻⁴ lit̚⁴³⁻²¹ sam⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sʰiu⁴⁴/

/it̚²⁻⁵ d͡zit̚⁵⁻² sam⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sʰiu⁴⁴/

/it̚³²⁻⁴ d͡zit̚⁴⁻¹ sam⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sʰiu⁴⁴/

/it̚³²⁻⁴ zit̚⁴⁻³² sam⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sʰiu⁴⁴/

/it̚³²⁻⁴ d͡zit̚⁴³⁻²¹ sam⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sʰiu⁴⁴/

Short for 一日不見，如隔三秋／一日不见，如隔三秋 (yīrìbùjiàn, rúgésānqiū).

zh-etym-short

A single day apart seems like three years.


不孝有三，無後為大

ㄅㄨˋ ㄒㄧㄠˋ ㄧㄡˇ ㄙㄢ

ㄨˊ ㄏㄡˋ ㄨㄟˊ ㄉㄚˋ

bat¹ haau³ jau⁵ saam¹, mou⁴ hau⁶ wai⁴ daai⁶

ㄅㄨˋ ㄒㄧㄠˋ ㄧㄡˇ ㄙㄢ

ㄨˊ ㄏㄡˋ ㄨㄟˊ ㄉㄚˋ

бусяо ю сань

у хоу вэй да

/pu⁵¹⁻³⁵ ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹ joʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ sän⁵⁵ u³⁵ xoʊ̯⁵¹ weɪ̯³⁵ tä⁵¹/

bāt haau yáuh sāam, mòuh hauh wàih daaih

bat⁷ haau³ jau⁵ saam¹, mou⁴ hau⁶ wai⁴ daai⁶

bed¹ hao³ yeo⁵ sam¹, mou⁴ heo⁶ wei⁴ dai⁶

/pɐt̚⁵ haːu̯³³ jɐu̯¹³ saːm⁵⁵ mou̯²¹ hɐu̯²² wɐi̯²¹ taːi̯²²/

Mencius said, 'There are three things which are unfilial, and to have no posterity is the greatest of them. Shun married without informing his parents because of this, lest he should have no posterity. Superior men consider that his doing so was the same as if he had informed them.'

Mèngzǐ yuē: “Bùxiào yǒu sān, wúhòu wéi dà. Shùn bù gào ér qǔ, wéi wúhòu yě, jūnzǐ yǐwèi yóu gào yě.”

孟子曰：「不孝有三，無後為大。舜不告而娶，為無後也，君子以為猶告也。」

孟子曰：「不孝有三，无后为大。舜不告而娶，为无后也，君子以为犹告也。」

I have seen too many cases of transgender people suffering domestic violence in Shandong… the notion that "there are three ways to be unfilial; the worst is to not produce offspring" has been deeply ingrained in the minds of many, but my sperms weren't active… my dad almost fell out with me about this.

2021 January 15, 张楠茜, 《拯救可橙： 被父母强送矫治的跨性别者》, in 《鳳凰週刊》 [Phoenix Weekly], →ISSN, issue 747, page 42

“Shāndōng wǒ jiàndào guò tài duō de jiābàodǎng de lìzi le...... Bùxiào yǒu sān, wú hòu wèi dà de guānniàn gēnshēndìgù, dànshì wǒ de jīngzǐ méiyǒu huóxìng...... Wèile zhè shì wǒ bà chādiǎn gēn wǒ nàofān le.”

「山東我見到過太多的家暴黨的例子了……不孝有三，無後為大的觀念根深蒂固，但是我的精子沒有活性……為了這事我爸差點跟我鬧翻了。」

「山东我见到过太多的家暴党的例子了……不孝有三，无后为大的观念根深蒂固，但是我的精子没有活性……为了这事我爸差点跟我闹翻了。」

There are three ways to be unfilial; the worst is to not produce offspring.


三字經

/sän⁵⁵ t͡sz̩⁵¹ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵/

саньцзыцзинр

/sän⁵⁵ t͡sz̩⁵¹ t͡ɕiɤ̯̃ɻ⁵⁵/

/saːm⁵⁵ t͡siː²² kɪŋ⁵⁵/

/sam²⁴⁻¹¹ sɨ⁵⁵ kin²⁴/

/saŋ⁵⁵⁻²¹ ^((t͡s-))ʒi²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾iŋ⁵⁵/

/sam⁴⁴⁻³³ zi³³⁻²¹ kiɪŋ⁴⁴/

/sam⁴⁴⁻²² d͡zi²²⁻²¹ kiɪŋ⁴⁴/

/sam⁴⁴⁻³³ li³³⁻¹¹ kiɪŋ⁴⁴/

/sam³³ li⁴¹⁻²² kiɪŋ³³/

/sam⁴⁴⁻²² li²²⁻²¹ kiɪŋ⁴⁴/

/se⁵⁵ zz̩³³ t͡ɕin²¹/

/sän⁵⁵ t͡sz̩⁵¹ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵/

/sän⁵⁵ t͡sz̩⁵¹ t͡ɕiɤ̯̃ɻ⁵⁵/

/saːm⁵⁵ t͡siː²² kɪŋ⁵⁵/

/sam²⁴⁻¹¹ sɨ⁵⁵ kin²⁴/

/saŋ⁵⁵⁻²¹ ^((t͡s-))ʒi²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾iŋ⁵⁵/

/sam⁴⁴⁻³³ zi³³⁻²¹ kiɪŋ⁴⁴/

/sam⁴⁴⁻²² d͡zi²²⁻²¹ kiɪŋ⁴⁴/

/sam⁴⁴⁻³³ li³³⁻¹¹ kiɪŋ⁴⁴/

/sam³³ li⁴¹⁻²² kiɪŋ³³/

/sam⁴⁴⁻²² li²²⁻²¹ kiɪŋ⁴⁴/

/se⁵⁵ zz̩³³ t͡ɕin²¹/

(literature) the Three Character Classic (a classic Chinese text)


三角形

ㄙㄢ ㄐㄧㄠˇ ㄒㄧㄥˊ

ㄙㄢ ㄐㄧㄠˇ ㄒㄧㄥˊ

/sän⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕiŋ³⁵/

ㄙㄢ ㄐㄧㄠˇㄦ ㄒㄧㄥˊ

саньцзяорсин

/sän⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯aʊ̯ɻʷ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕiŋ³⁵/

/saːm⁵⁵ kɔːk̚³ jɪŋ²¹/

/saŋ⁵⁵⁻²¹ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋøyʔ²⁴⁻²¹ hiŋ⁵³/

/sã⁴⁴⁻²² kak̚³²⁻⁴ hiɪŋ²⁴/

/sã³³ kak̚⁵⁻²⁴ hiɪŋ²⁴/

/sã⁴⁴⁻²² kak̚³²⁻⁵ hiɪŋ¹³/

/sã⁴⁴⁻³³ kak̚³²⁻⁴ hiɪŋ²⁴/

/sã⁴⁴⁻³³ kak̚³²⁻⁴ hiɪŋ²³/

/sã³³⁻²³ kak̚²⁻⁴ heŋ⁵⁵/

/se⁵⁵ koʔ³³ ɦin²¹/

/sän⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕiŋ³⁵/

/sän⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯aʊ̯ɻʷ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕiŋ³⁵/

/saːm⁵⁵ kɔːk̚³ jɪŋ²¹/

/saŋ⁵⁵⁻²¹ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋøyʔ²⁴⁻²¹ hiŋ⁵³/

/sã⁴⁴⁻²² kak̚³²⁻⁴ hiɪŋ²⁴/

/sã³³ kak̚⁵⁻²⁴ hiɪŋ²⁴/

/sã⁴⁴⁻²² kak̚³²⁻⁵ hiɪŋ¹³/

/sã⁴⁴⁻³³ kak̚³²⁻⁴ hiɪŋ²⁴/

/sã⁴⁴⁻³³ kak̚³²⁻⁴ hiɪŋ²³/

/sã³³⁻²³ kak̚²⁻⁴ heŋ⁵⁵/

/se⁵⁵ koʔ³³ ɦin²¹/


三公

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (三公):
* → Korean: 삼공(三公) (samgong)
* → Vietnamese: tam công (三公)

/sän⁵⁵ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

/saːm⁵⁵ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

/sam⁴⁴⁻²² kɔŋ⁴⁴/

/sam³³ kɔŋ³³/

/sam⁴⁴⁻²² kɔŋ⁴⁴/

/sam⁴⁴⁻³³ kɔŋ⁴⁴/

/sam⁴⁴⁻³³ kɔŋ⁴⁴/

/sän⁵⁵ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

/saːm⁵⁵ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

/sam⁴⁴⁻²² kɔŋ⁴⁴/

/sam³³ kɔŋ³³/

/sam⁴⁴⁻²² kɔŋ⁴⁴/

/sam⁴⁴⁻³³ kɔŋ⁴⁴/

/sam⁴⁴⁻³³ kɔŋ⁴⁴/

Starting in the Zhou Dynasty, the three highest civil posts were: 太師／太师 (tàishī), 太傅 (tàifù), 太保 (tàibǎo). In the Eastern Han Dynasty, the three positions were: 太尉 (tàiwèi) (Grand Commandant), 司徒 (sītú) (Minister over the Masses) and 司空 (sīkōng) (Minister of Works). Later on, the three positions were discontinued, and their duties were folded into the position of 丞相 (chéngxiàng) (chancellor of China).
The modern sense of "three kinds of public expenses" is a collective term for 公車／公车 (“government cars”), 因公出國／因公出国 (“overseas trips”), and 公務接待／公务接待 (“official receptions”).

zh-l

太師／太师 (tàishī)

(archaic) three highest-ranking civil officials in the imperial court

(Mainland China, politics) three kinds of public expenses, including buy and use government cars, overseas trips, and official receptions


三個臭皮匠，勝過諸葛亮

三个臭皮匠，胜过诸葛亮
三個臭皮匠，勝過一個諸葛亮 (alternative)
三个臭皮匠，胜过一个诸葛亮 (alternative)

three unskilled cobblers are superior to Zhuge Liang

ㄙㄢ ˙ㄍㄜ ㄔㄡˋ ㄆㄧˊ ㄐㄧㄤˋ

ㄕㄥˋ ㄍㄨㄛˋ ㄓㄨ ㄍㄜˇ ㄌㄧㄤˋ

ㄕㄥˋ ㄍㄨㄛˋ ㄓㄨ ㄍㄜˊ ㄌㄧㄤˋ

saam¹ go³ cau³ pei⁴ zoeng⁶, sing³ gwo³ zyu¹ got³ loeng⁶

сань гэ чоупицзян

шэнго Чжугэ Лян

/sän⁵⁵ g̊ə² ʈ͡ʂʰoʊ̯⁵¹ pʰi³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂɤŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ku̯ɔ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵ kɤ²¹⁴⁻²¹ li̯ɑŋ⁵¹/

/sän⁵⁵ g̊ə² ʈ͡ʂʰoʊ̯⁵¹ pʰi³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂɤŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ku̯ɔ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵ kɤ³⁵ li̯ɑŋ⁵¹/

sāam go chau pèih jeuhng, sing gwo jyū got leuhng

saam¹ go³ tsau³ pei⁴ dzoeng⁶, sing³ gwo³ dzy¹ got⁸ loeng⁶

sam¹ go³ ceo³ péi⁴ zêng⁶, xing³ guo³ ju¹ god³ lêng⁶

/saːm⁵⁵ kɔː³³ t͡sʰɐu̯³³ pʰei̯²¹ t͡sœːŋ²² sɪŋ³³ kʷɔː³³ t͡syː⁵⁵ kɔːt̚³ lœːŋ²²/

two heads are better than one
two heads are better than one


三綱

/sän⁵⁵ kɑŋ⁵⁵/

/sän⁵⁵ kɑŋ⁵⁵/

(Confucianism) the three most important relationships among men according to Confucian philosophy (in order: ruler and subject, father and son, husband and wife)


歲寒三友

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (歲寒三友):
* → Japanese: 歳寒(さいかん)三友(さんゆう) (saikan san'yū)

ㄙㄨㄟˋ ㄏㄢˊ ㄙㄢ ㄧㄡˇ

ㄙㄨㄟˋ ㄏㄢˊ ㄙㄢ ㄧㄡˇ

суйханьсанью

/su̯eɪ̯⁵¹ xän³⁵ sän⁵⁵ joʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sɵy̯³³ hɔːn²¹ saːm⁵⁵ jɐu̯¹³/

/su̯eɪ̯⁵¹ xän³⁵ sän⁵⁵ joʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sɵy̯³³ hɔːn²¹ saːm⁵⁵ jɐu̯¹³/

Pine, bamboo and plum blossoms do not wither in winter; therefore, they are known as the "three friends of winter".

three friends of winter (pine, bamboo and plum blossom)


三友

/sän⁵⁵ joʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sän⁵⁵ joʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


三一頌

/sän⁵⁵ i⁵⁵ sʊŋ⁵¹/

/saːm⁵⁵ jɐt̚⁵ t͡sʊŋ²²/

/sän⁵⁵ i⁵⁵ sʊŋ⁵¹/

/saːm⁵⁵ jɐt̚⁵ t͡sʊŋ²²/

(Christianity) Trinitarian doxology (most often refers to “Praise God, from whom all blessings flow”)


三時

/sän⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/sän⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

(Buddhism) the three epochs: 正法 (zhèngfǎ, “the age of legitimacy”) , 像法 (xiàngfǎ, “the age of imitation”) and 末法 (mòfǎ, “the age of decadence”)


一二三四五，上山打老虎

ㄧ ㄦˋ ㄙㄢ ㄙˋ ㄨˇ

ㄕㄤˋ ㄕㄢ ㄉㄚˇ ㄌㄠˇ ㄏㄨˇ

jat¹ ji⁶ saam¹ sei³ ng⁵, soeng⁵ saan¹ daa² lou⁵ fu²

yī èr sān sì wǔ, shàngshān dǎ lǎohǔ [Phonetic:yīèrsānsìwǔ,shàngshāndáláohǔ]

ㄧ ㄦˋ ㄙㄢ ㄙˋ ㄨˇ

ㄕㄤˋ ㄕㄢ ㄉㄚˇ ㄌㄠˇ ㄏㄨˇ

и эр сань сы у

шаншань да лаоху

/i⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ⁵¹ sän⁵⁵ sz̩⁵¹ u²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂɑŋ⁵¹ ʂän⁵⁵ tä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ lɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ xu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

yāt yih sāam sei ńgh, séuhng sāan dá lóuh fú

jat⁷ ji⁶ saam¹ sei³ ng⁵, soeng⁵ saan¹ daa² lou⁵ fu²

yed¹ yi⁶ sam¹ séi³ ng⁵, sêng⁵ san¹ da² lou⁵ fu²

/jɐt̚⁵ jiː²² saːm⁵⁵ sei̯³³ ŋ̍¹³ sœːŋ¹³ saːn⁵⁵ taː³⁵ lou̯¹³ fuː³⁵/

one two three four five, climb a mountain and hit a tiger

eeny, meeny, miny, moe
eeny, meeny, miny, moe

(children's counting-out game) eeny, meeny, miny, moe

你拍一，我拍一，一隻小貓坐飛機／你拍一，我拍一，一只小猫坐飞机

nǐ pāi yī, wǒ pāi yī, yī zhī xiǎomāo zuò fēijī


三族

Sino-Xenic (三族):
* → Korean: 삼족(三族) (samjok)
* → Vietnamese: tam tộc (三族)

/sam²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sʰuk̚⁵/

/sam²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sʰuk̚⁵/

(literary) three generations (parents, siblings, and children)


三好

/sän⁵⁵ xɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/sän⁵⁵ xɑʊ̯⁵¹/


三河

/sän⁵⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/saːm⁵⁵ hɔː²¹/

/sam⁴⁴⁻²² ho²⁴/

/sam⁴⁴⁻²² ho¹³/

/sam⁴⁴⁻³³ ho²⁴/

/sam⁴⁴⁻³³ hɤ²³/

/sän⁵⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/saːm⁵⁵ hɔː²¹/

/sam⁴⁴⁻²² ho²⁴/

/sam⁴⁴⁻²² ho¹³/

/sam⁴⁴⁻³³ ho²⁴/

/sam⁴⁴⁻³³ hɤ²³/

(～市) Sanhe (a county-level city of Langfang, Hebei, China)


三國

Sino-Xenic (三國):
* → Japanese: 三国(さんごく) (sangoku)
* → Korean: 삼국(三國) (samguk)
* → Vietnamese: Tam Quốc (三國)

→ English: Three Kingdoms

desc

→ Thai: สามก๊ก

→ Thai: สามก๊ก

→ Khmer: សាមកុក (saam-kok)

→ Japanese: サームコック (Sāmukokku)

→ Indonesian: Sam Kok, Samkok

Cao Wei
Chen dynasty
Eastern Han dynasty
Eastern Wei
Eastern Wu
Eastern Zhou dynasty
Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms
Han dynasty
Jin dynasty (1115–1234)
Jin dynasty (265–420)
Liang dynasty
Liao dynasty
Liu Song dynasty
Ming dynasty
Northern Qi
Northern Wei
Northern Zhou
Northern and Southern dynasties
Qin dynasty
Qing dynasty
Shang dynasty
Shu Han
Song dynasty
Southern Qi
Southern and Northern dynasties
Spring and Autumn period
Sui dynasty
Tang dynasty
Three Kingdoms
Warring States period
Western Han dynasty
Western Liao
Western Wei
Western Xia
Western Zhou dynasty
Xia dynasty
Xin dynasty
Yuan dynasty
Zhou dynasty

/sän⁵⁵ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

/saːm⁵⁵ kʷɔːk̚³/

/saŋ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋuɔʔ²⁴/

/ɬaŋ⁵³³⁻¹³ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋɒʔ²¹/

/ɬaŋ⁵⁴⁴⁻²⁴ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋɒʔ²/

/ɬaŋ⁵⁴⁴⁻²⁴ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾mɒʔ²/

/sam⁴⁴⁻³³ kɔk̚³²/

/sam⁴⁴⁻²² kɔk̚³²/

/sän⁵⁵ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

/saːm⁵⁵ kʷɔːk̚³/

/saŋ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋuɔʔ²⁴/

/ɬaŋ⁵³³⁻¹³ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋɒʔ²¹/

/ɬaŋ⁵⁴⁴⁻²⁴ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋɒʔ²/

/ɬaŋ⁵⁴⁴⁻²⁴ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾mɒʔ²/

/sam⁴⁴⁻³³ kɔk̚³²/

/sam⁴⁴⁻²² kɔk̚³²/

(Chinese history) the Three Kingdoms (220–280 CE)

(Korean history) the Three Kingdoms of Korea


三輪車

/sän⁵⁵ lu̯ən³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤ⁵⁵/

/sän⁵⁵ lu̯əɻ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤ⁵⁵/

sam¹ lên⁴⁻² cé¹

/saːm⁵⁵ lɵn²¹ t͡sʰɛː⁵⁵/

/saːm⁵⁵ lɵn²¹⁻³⁵ t͡sʰɛː⁵⁵/

/sam²⁴⁻¹¹ lin⁵⁵ t͡sʰa²⁴/

/sam²⁴⁻¹¹ lin⁵⁵ t͡sʰa²⁴/

/sam²⁴⁻¹¹ li̯en⁵⁵ t͡sʰa²⁴/

/sam⁴⁴⁻³⁵ lun¹¹ t͡sʰa⁴⁴/

/sã³³ lun²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰia³³/

/sã⁴⁴⁻²² lun²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰia⁴⁴/

/sã³³⁻²³ luŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sʰia³³/

/se⁵⁵ lən³³ t͡sʰo²¹/

/san³³ lən¹³ ʈ͡ʂʰɤ̞³³/

/san³³ lən¹³ t͡sʰɤ̞³³/

/sän⁵⁵ lu̯ən³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤ⁵⁵/

/sän⁵⁵ lu̯əɻ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤ⁵⁵/

/saːm⁵⁵ lɵn²¹ t͡sʰɛː⁵⁵/

/saːm⁵⁵ lɵn²¹⁻³⁵ t͡sʰɛː⁵⁵/

/sam²⁴⁻¹¹ lin⁵⁵ t͡sʰa²⁴/

/sam²⁴⁻¹¹ lin⁵⁵ t͡sʰa²⁴/

/sam²⁴⁻¹¹ li̯en⁵⁵ t͡sʰa²⁴/

/sam⁴⁴⁻³⁵ lun¹¹ t͡sʰa⁴⁴/

/sã³³ lun²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰia³³/

/sã⁴⁴⁻²² lun²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰia⁴⁴/

/sã³³⁻²³ luŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sʰia³³/

/se⁵⁵ lən³³ t͡sʰo²¹/

/san³³ lən¹³ ʈ͡ʂʰɤ̞³³/

/san³³ lən¹³ t͡sʰɤ̞³³/

pedicab; tricycle; three-wheeler; trishaw (any three-wheeled vehicle)


三峽

/sän⁵⁵ ɕi̯ä³⁵/

/sän⁵⁵ ɕi̯ä³⁵/


三峽

/sän⁵⁵ ɕi̯ä³⁵/

/sän⁵⁵ ɕi̯ä³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 三峡(さんきょう) (Sankyō), from Hokkien 三角湧 /三角涌 (Saⁿ-kak-éng).

(～區, formerly ～鎮) Sanxia (a district of New Taipei City, Taiwan)


三叉戟

/sän⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰä⁵⁵ t͡ɕi²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sän⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰä⁵¹ t͡ɕi²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/saːm⁵⁵ t͡sʰaː⁵⁵ kɪk̚⁵/

/sän⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰä⁵⁵ t͡ɕi²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sän⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰä⁵¹ t͡ɕi²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/saːm⁵⁵ t͡sʰaː⁵⁵ kɪk̚⁵/


三疊紀

/sän⁵⁵ ti̯ɛ³⁵ t͡ɕi⁵¹/

/sän⁵⁵ ti̯ɛ³⁵ t͡ɕi⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 三疊紀 (Sanjōki), a calque from German Trias (“Triassic”, literally “triad”), from New Latin trias (“triad”), from Ancient Greek τριάς (triás, “triad”).

der

(geology) the Triassic period (part of the Mesozoic era, spanning from 252.17 to 201.3 million years ago)


三藏

/sän⁵⁵ t͡sɑŋ⁵¹/

/sam⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sɔŋ²²/

/sam³³ t͡sɔŋ⁴¹/

/sam⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sɔŋ²²/

/sam⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sɔŋ³³/

/sam⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sɔŋ³³/

/sän⁵⁵ t͡sɑŋ⁵¹/

/sam⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sɔŋ²²/

/sam³³ t͡sɔŋ⁴¹/

/sam⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sɔŋ²²/

/sam⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sɔŋ³³/

/sam⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sɔŋ³³/

Calque of Pali tipiṭaka, from ti (“three”) + piṭaka (“basket, collection of canons”), and Sanskrit त्रिपिटक (tripiṭaka), from त्रि (tri) + पिटक (piṭaka).

com

(honorific) Alternative name for 玄奘 (Xuánzàng).


第三帝國

ㄉㄧˋ ㄙㄢ ㄉㄧˋ ㄍㄨㄛˊ

ㄉㄧˋ ㄙㄢ ㄉㄧˋ ㄍㄨㄛˊ

/ti⁵¹ sän⁵⁵ ti⁵¹ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

/tɐi̯²² saːm⁵⁵ tɐi̯³³ kʷɔːk̚³/

/ti⁵¹ sän⁵⁵ ti⁵¹ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

/tɐi̯²² saːm⁵⁵ tɐi̯³³ kʷɔːk̚³/


三角錐

саньцзяочжуй

/sän⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵/

/saːm⁵⁵ kɔːk̚³ t͡sɵy̯⁵⁵/

/sän⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵/

/saːm⁵⁵ kɔːk̚³ t͡sɵy̯⁵⁵/


三元音

/sän⁵⁵ ɥɛn³⁵ in⁵⁵/

/sän⁵⁵ ɥɛn³⁵ in⁵⁵/


三韓

/sän⁵⁵ xän³⁵/

/saːm⁵⁵ hɔːn²¹/

/sän⁵⁵ xän³⁵/

/saːm⁵⁵ hɔːn²¹/

First attested in the Book of the Later Han [5th century].

The six armies [of the Son of Heaven] conquered, exterminating the Koreans; they respectfully carried out Heaven's punishment, majestic and evident.

Liùshī bófá, Sānhán sùqīng, gōng xíng tiānfá, hèhè míngmíng.

六師薄伐，三韓肅清，龔行天罰，赫赫明明。

六师薄伐，三韩肃清，龚行天罚，赫赫明明。

The Ryukyu kingdom is a beautiful place in the southern seas, imbued with the excellence of Korea; her relationship with the Great Ming is like that between a carriage and its protective bars, and her relationship with the Japanese realm is like that between the lips and the teeth.

Liúqiú guó zhě, nánhǎi shèngdì, ér zhōng Sānhán zhī xiù, yǐ Dàmíng wèi fǔchē, yǐ Rìyù wèi chúnchǐ.

琉球國者，南海勝地，而鍾三韓之秀，以大明為輔車，以日域為脣齒。

琉球国者，南海胜地，而钟三韩之秀，以大明为辅车，以日域为唇齿。


三晉

/sän⁵⁵ t͡ɕin⁵¹/

/sän⁵⁵ t͡ɕin⁵¹/

Zhanguo Ce, circa 5ᵗʰ – 3ʳᵈ centuries BCE

Sānjìn hé ér Qín ruò, Sānjìn lí ér Qín qiáng, cǐ tiānxià zhī suǒ míng yě.

三晉合而秦弱，三晉離而秦強，此天下之所明也。

三晋合而秦弱，三晋离而秦强，此天下之所明也。

(historical) States of Han, Zhao and Wei during the Warring States period in Chinese history


三秦

/sän⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰin³⁵/

/saːm⁵⁵ t͡sʰɵn²¹/

/sän⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰin³⁵/

/saːm⁵⁵ t͡sʰɵn²¹/

(historical) Three Qins, three of the Eighteen Kingdoms created by Xiang Yu in Chinese history


三代

/sän⁵⁵ taɪ̯⁵¹/

/saːm⁵⁵ tɔːi̯²²/

/sän⁵⁵ taɪ̯⁵¹/

/saːm⁵⁵ tɔːi̯²²/

From the Three Dynasties up to now, how full of commotion the world has been!

Zì sāndài yǐxià zhě, tiānxià hé qí xiāoxiāo yě?

自三代以下者，天下何其囂囂也？

自三代以下者，天下何其嚣嚣也？

(historical) the Three Dynasties: a collective name for the pre-imperial dynasties of Xia, Shang and Zhou


三次

/sän⁵⁵ t͡sʰz̩⁵¹/

/saːm⁵⁵ t͡sʰiː³³/

/sän⁵⁵ t͡sʰz̩⁵¹/

/saːm⁵⁵ t͡sʰiː³³/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 三(み)次(よし) (miyoshi).

(～市) Miyoshi (a city in Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan)


三北

/sän⁵⁵ peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sän⁵⁵ peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(abbreviation) the Three Norths, namely Northeast China (東北／东北 (dōngběi)), North China (華北／华北 (Huáběi)) and Northwest China (西北 (xīběi))


三世

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (三世):
* → Japanese: 三(さん)世(ぜ) (sanze); 三(さん)世(せい) (sansei)
* → Korean: 삼세(三世) (samse)
* → Vietnamese: tam thế (三世)

/sän⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/saːm⁵⁵ sɐi̯³³/

/sän⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/saːm⁵⁵ sɐi̯³³/

Rú sānshì zhūfó, shuōfǎ zhī yíshì, wǒ jīn yì rúshì, shuō wúfēnbiéfǎ.

如三世諸佛，說法之儀式，我今亦如是，說無分別法。

如三世诸佛，说法之仪式，我今亦如是，说无分别法。

(Buddhism) the three periods of time: the past, present, and future.


三姊

→ Tagalog: sanse

/sã³³ t͡si⁵⁵⁴/

/sã³³ t͡si⁵⁵⁴/

(Hokkien) third elder sister (referring to the third daughter)


三六

/sän⁵⁵ li̯oʊ̯⁵¹/

/sän⁵⁵ li̯oʊ̯⁵¹/


三沐三薰

ㄙㄢ ㄇㄨˋ ㄙㄢ ㄒㄩㄣ

ㄙㄢ ㄇㄨˋ ㄙㄢ ㄒㄩㄣ

саньмусаньсюнь

/sän⁵⁵ mu⁵¹ sän⁵⁵ ɕyn⁵⁵/

/sän⁵⁵ mu⁵¹ sän⁵⁵ ɕyn⁵⁵/


三薰三沐

ㄙㄢ ㄒㄩㄣ ㄙㄢ ㄇㄨˋ

ㄙㄢ ㄒㄩㄣ ㄙㄢ ㄇㄨˋ

саньсюньсаньму

/sän⁵⁵ ɕyn⁵⁵ sän⁵⁵ mu⁵¹/

/sän⁵⁵ ɕyn⁵⁵ sän⁵⁵ mu⁵¹/


三釁三沐

ㄙㄢ ㄒㄧㄣˋ ㄙㄢ ㄇㄨˋ

ㄙㄢ ㄒㄧㄣˋ ㄙㄢ ㄇㄨˋ

саньсиньсаньму

/sän⁵⁵ ɕin⁵¹ sän⁵⁵ mu⁵¹/

/sän⁵⁵ ɕin⁵¹ sän⁵⁵ mu⁵¹/

From an anecdote recorded in the Guoyu, describing the honour given to Guan Zhong by the Duke of Qi upon receiving him as a former enemy and fugitive. The original text reads 三釁三浴, where 浴 (OC *loɡ, “bathing”) appears instead of 沐 (OC *moːɡ, “hair-washing”).


三顧茅廬

ㄙㄢ ㄍㄨˋ ㄇㄠˊ ㄌㄨˊ

ㄙㄢ ㄍㄨˋ ㄇㄠˊ ㄌㄨˊ

/sän⁵⁵ ku⁵¹ mɑʊ̯³⁵ lu³⁵/

/saːm⁵⁵ kuː³³ maːu̯²¹ lou̯²¹/

/sän⁵⁵ ku⁵¹ mɑʊ̯³⁵ lu³⁵/

/saːm⁵⁵ kuː³³ maːu̯²¹ lou̯²¹/

From the story of Liu Bei paying three visits to the thatched cottage of Zhuge Liang (later his chancellor) in order to recruit him during the late Eastern Han dynasty.

(figurative) to sincerely and repeatedly request someone to take up a post


三六九等

ㄙㄢ ㄌㄧㄡˋ ㄐㄧㄡˇ ㄉㄥˇ

ㄙㄢ ㄌㄧㄡˋ ㄐㄧㄡˇ ㄉㄥˇ

саньлюцзюдэн

/sän⁵⁵ li̯oʊ̯⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ tɤŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


三土門

/sän⁵⁵ tʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ mən³⁵/

/sän⁵⁵ tʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ mən³⁵/

(～村) Santumen (a village in Wudian, Guangshui, Suizhou, Hubei, China)


三陽

/sän⁵⁵ jɑŋ³⁵/

/sän⁵⁵ jɑŋ³⁵/

(～社區) Sanyang (a community in Yiyuan, Jiang'an district, Wuhan, Hubei, China)


三權分立

ㄙㄢ ㄑㄩㄢˊ ㄈㄣ ㄌㄧˋ

ㄙㄢ ㄑㄩㄢˊ ㄈㄣ ㄌㄧˋ

саньцюаньфэньли

/sän⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn³⁵ fən⁵⁵ li⁵¹/

/saːm⁵⁵ kʰyːn²¹ fɐn⁵⁵ laːp̚²/

/sän⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn³⁵ fən⁵⁵ li⁵¹/

/saːm⁵⁵ kʰyːn²¹ fɐn⁵⁵ laːp̚²/

separation of powers
separation of powers

(government, politics) separation of powers


五三慘案

ㄨˇ ㄙㄢ ㄘㄢˇ ㄢˋ

ㄨˇ ㄙㄢ ㄘㄢˇ ㄢˋ

Усань Цаньань

/u²¹⁴⁻²¹ sän⁵⁵ t͡sʰän²¹⁴⁻²¹ ˀän⁵¹/

/ŋ̍¹³ saːm⁵⁵ t͡sʰaːm³⁵ ɔːn³³/

/u²¹⁴⁻²¹ sän⁵⁵ t͡sʰän²¹⁴⁻²¹ ˀän⁵¹/

/ŋ̍¹³ saːm⁵⁵ t͡sʰaːm³⁵ ɔːn³³/


女大三抱金磚

woman older [by] three [years] carries gold bricks

ㄋㄩˇ ㄉㄚˋ ㄙㄢ ㄅㄠˋ ㄐㄧㄣ ㄓㄨㄢ

ㄋㄩˇ ㄉㄚˋ ㄙㄢ ㄅㄠˋ ㄐㄧㄣ ㄓㄨㄢ

нюй да сань бао цзиньчжуань

/ny²¹⁴⁻²¹ tä⁵¹ sän⁵⁵ pɑʊ̯⁵¹ t͡ɕin⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂu̯än⁵⁵/

A wife three years older than the husband ensures a richer life. (rhyming saying)


國三

/ku̯ɔ³⁵ sän⁵⁵/

/kʷɔːk̚³ saːm⁵⁵/

/ku̯ɔ³⁵ sän⁵⁵/

/kʷɔːk̚³ saːm⁵⁵/

(Taiwan) third year in junior middle school; ninth grade


唐三彩

/tʰɑŋ³⁵ sän⁵⁵ t͡sʰaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʰɑŋ³⁵ sän⁵⁵ t͡sʰaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


野三關

→ English: Yesanguan

/jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹ sän⁵⁵ ku̯än⁵⁵/

/jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹ sän⁵⁵ ku̯än⁵⁵/

(～鎮) Yesanguan (a town in Badong, Enshi prefecture, Hubei, China)


一板三眼

one accented beat and three unaccented beats

ㄧ ㄅㄢˇ ㄙㄢ ㄧㄢˇ

ㄧ ㄅㄢˇ ㄙㄢ ㄧㄢˇ

ибаньсаньянь

/i⁵⁵⁻⁵¹ pän²¹⁴⁻²¹ sän⁵⁵ jɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/jɐt̚⁵ paːn³⁵ saːm⁵⁵ ŋaːn¹³/

/i⁵⁵⁻⁵¹ pän²¹⁴⁻²¹ sän⁵⁵ jɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/jɐt̚⁵ paːn³⁵ saːm⁵⁵ ŋaːn¹³/

一板一眼 一板一眼#Chinese

synonym of 一板一眼 (yībǎnyīyǎn, “scrupulous and methodical”)


三原色

/sän⁵⁵ ɥɛn³⁵ sɤ⁵¹/

/sän⁵⁵ ɥɛn³⁵ sɤ⁵¹/


三司

Sino-Xenic (三司):
* → Japanese: 三司(さんし) (sanshi)
* → Korean: 삼사(三司) (samsa)

/sän⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵/

/sän⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵/

Chief Secretary for Administration
w:Chief Secretary for Administration

Financial Secretary
w:Financial Secretary (Hong Kong)

Secretary for Justice
w:Secretary for Justice (Hong Kong)

(Hong Kong, collective name) three officers of Hong Kong (Chief Secretary for Administration, Financial Secretary and Secretary for Justice)

(Singapore, collective name) three judges of the court of appeal

(historical, collective name) three national-level ministers during the Han dynasty

(historical, collective name) three national-level officers during the Tang dynasty

(historical, collective name) three financial officers during the Song dynasty

(historical, collective name) three provincial-level officers during the Ming and Qing dynasties


三權鼎立

ㄙㄢ ㄑㄩㄢˊ ㄉㄧㄥˇ ㄌㄧˋ

ㄙㄢ ㄑㄩㄢˊ ㄉㄧㄥˇ ㄌㄧˋ

сань цюань динли

/sän⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn³⁵ tiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ li⁵¹/

/saːm⁵⁵ kʰyːn²¹ tɪŋ³⁵ laːp̚²/

/sän⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn³⁵ tiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ li⁵¹/

/saːm⁵⁵ kʰyːn²¹ tɪŋ³⁵ laːp̚²/

三權分立 三權分立#Chinese

三权分立 三权分立#Chinese

(government, politics) synonym of 三權分立 /三权分立 (sānquánfēnlì, “separation of powers”)


三個女人一臺戲

三个女人一台戏
三個女人一台戲

ㄙㄢ ㄍㄜˋ ㄋㄩˇ ㄖㄣˊ ㄧ ㄊㄞˊ ㄒㄧˋ

sān gè nǚrén yī tái xì [Phonetic:sān gè nǚrén yì tái xì]

ㄙㄢ ㄍㄜˋ ㄋㄩˇ ㄖㄣˊ ㄧ ㄊㄞˊ ㄒㄧˋ

сань гэ нюйжэнь и тай си

/sän⁵⁵ kɤ⁵¹ ny²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʐən³⁵ i⁵⁵⁻⁵¹ tʰaɪ̯³⁵ ɕi⁵¹/

/saːm⁵⁵ kɔː³³ nɵy̯¹³ jɐn²¹⁻³⁵ jɐt̚⁵ tʰɔːi̯²¹ hei̯³³/

when women get together they are bound to start chatting and cause a scene


三女

/sän⁵⁵ ny²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sän⁵⁵ ny²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

The son was named Chengzu, the eldest daughter Yuying, the second daughter Taoying, and the third daughter Yueying. Yuying was the eldest of the four and Chengzu the son was the second.

Feng Menglong, Stories to Awaken the World, 1627 CE

Shēngxià sān nǚ yī nán: érzǐ míng yuē Chéngzǔ, chángnǚ míng Yùyīng, cìnǚ míng Táoyīng, sānnǚ míng Yuèyīng. Yuánlái shì xiānhuāhòuguǒ de, dǎoshì Yùyīng jū cháng, cì jí Chéngzǔ.

生下三女一男：兒子名曰承祖，長女名玉英，次女名桃英，三女名月英。元來是先花後果的，倒是玉英居長，次即承祖。

生下三女一男：儿子名曰承祖，长女名玉英，次女名桃英，三女名月英。元来是先花后果的，倒是玉英居长，次即承祖。


三合元音

ㄙㄢ ㄏㄜˊ ㄩㄢˊ ㄧㄣ

ㄙㄢ ㄏㄜˊ ㄩㄢˊ ㄧㄣ

саньхэ юаньинь

/sän⁵⁵ xɤ³⁵ ɥɛn³⁵ in⁵⁵/

/saːm⁵⁵ hɐp̚² jyːn²¹ jɐm⁵⁵/

/sän⁵⁵ xɤ³⁵ ɥɛn³⁵ in⁵⁵/

/saːm⁵⁵ hɐp̚² jyːn²¹ jɐm⁵⁵/


三易

the Three Changes (namely, the three ancient divinatory texts Lianshan, Guicang and Zhouyi)


三輦車

sor¹ loeng³ cia¹ [Phonetic:sor⁵ loeng⁵ nia¹]

/ɬɒ⁵³³⁻¹¹ lœŋ⁴⁵³⁻¹¹ ^((t͡sʰ-))nia⁵³³/

sor¹ loeng³ cie¹ [Phonetic:sor⁵ loeng⁵ nie¹]

/ɬɒ⁵³³⁻¹¹ lœŋ⁴⁵³⁻¹¹ ^((t͡sʰ-))nie⁵³³/

sornn¹ lyoeng³ cia¹ [Phonetic:sornn⁵ lyoeng⁵ nia¹]

/ɬɒ̃⁵⁴⁴⁻²¹ lyøŋ³³²⁻²¹ ^((t͡sʰ-))nia⁵⁴⁴/

sornn¹ loeng³ cia¹ [Phonetic:sornn⁵ loeng⁵ nia¹]

/θɒ̃⁵⁴⁴⁻²¹ lœŋ³³²⁻²¹ ^((t͡sʰ-))nia⁵⁴⁴/

sornn¹ lieng³ cia¹ [Phonetic:sornn⁵ lieng⁵ nia¹]

/ɬɒ̃⁵⁴⁴⁻²¹ lieŋ³³²⁻²¹ ^((t͡sʰ-))nia⁵⁴⁴/

/sã⁴⁴⁻³³ liɛn⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰia⁴⁴/

/sã⁴⁴⁻²² liɛn⁴²⁻²⁴ t͡sʰia⁴⁴/

/sã⁴⁴⁻³³ liɛn⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰia⁴⁴/

/sã³³⁻²³ liŋ⁵²⁻³⁵ t͡sʰia³³/

/sã³³⁻²³ leŋ⁵²⁻³⁵ t͡sʰia³³/

/ɬɒ⁵³³⁻¹¹ lœŋ⁴⁵³⁻¹¹ ^((t͡sʰ-))nia⁵³³/

/ɬɒ⁵³³⁻¹¹ lœŋ⁴⁵³⁻¹¹ ^((t͡sʰ-))nie⁵³³/

/ɬɒ̃⁵⁴⁴⁻²¹ lyøŋ³³²⁻²¹ ^((t͡sʰ-))nia⁵⁴⁴/

/θɒ̃⁵⁴⁴⁻²¹ lœŋ³³²⁻²¹ ^((t͡sʰ-))nia⁵⁴⁴/

/ɬɒ̃⁵⁴⁴⁻²¹ lieŋ³³²⁻²¹ ^((t͡sʰ-))nia⁵⁴⁴/

/sã⁴⁴⁻³³ liɛn⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰia⁴⁴/

/sã⁴⁴⁻²² liɛn⁴²⁻²⁴ t͡sʰia⁴⁴/

/sã⁴⁴⁻³³ liɛn⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰia⁴⁴/

/sã³³⁻²³ liŋ⁵²⁻³⁵ t͡sʰia³³/

/sã³³⁻²³ leŋ⁵²⁻³⁵ t͡sʰia³³/

(Hokkien, Singapore Teochew, Puxian Min) pedicab; tricycle, three-wheeler (any three-wheeled vehicle)


三巨頭

/sän⁵⁵ t͡ɕy⁵¹ tʰoʊ̯³⁵/

/sän⁵⁵ t͡ɕy⁵¹ tʰoʊ̯³⁵/

(historical) the Big Three (Franklin D. Roosevelt, Joseph Stalin, and Winston Churchill, leaders of their respective governments during World War II and its immediate aftermath)


三綱五常

ㄙㄢ ㄍㄤ ㄨˇ ㄔㄤˊ

ㄙㄢ ㄍㄤ ㄨˇ ㄔㄤˊ

саньганъучан

/sän⁵⁵ kɑŋ⁵⁵ u²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵/

/saːm⁵⁵ kɔːŋ⁵⁵ ŋ̍¹³ sœːŋ²¹/

/sän⁵⁵ kɑŋ⁵⁵ u²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵/

/saːm⁵⁵ kɔːŋ⁵⁵ ŋ̍¹³ sœːŋ²¹/

(Confucianism) the three essential relationships (between ruler and subject, father and son, and husband and wife) and five constant virtues (justice, politeness, wisdom, fidelity and benevolence)


三不時

/sän⁵⁵ pu⁵¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/sam⁴⁴⁻³⁵ put̚¹ sz̩¹¹/

/se⁵⁵ pəʔ³³ zz̩²¹/

/se⁴⁴ pəʔ⁴⁴ zz̩/

/sɛ³³ pɐʔ⁵⁵ zz̩³¹/

/sän⁵⁵ pu⁵¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/sam⁴⁴⁻³⁵ put̚¹ sz̩¹¹/

/se⁵⁵ pəʔ³³ zz̩²¹/

/se⁴⁴ pəʔ⁴⁴ zz̩/

/sɛ³³ pɐʔ⁵⁵ zz̩³¹/

The petty-ghost, not regarding the possibility of he himself being slow, starts being jealous and tries to slander him nevertheless with numerous schemes: from time to time he would invent tall-tales to tell in front of their mother, what seemed to gild all his vices.

Qiānzuànguǐ bù xiǎng zìjǐ yuán shì ge dùnhuò, fǎndǎo dùjì tā qǐlái, qiānfāngbǎijì de ànsǔn tā: sānbùshí zài niáng miànqián tiānzhīhuànyè zhuāngdiǎn tā duǎnchù.

牽鑽鬼不想自己原是個鈍貨，反倒妒忌他起來，千方百計的暗損他：三不時在娘面前添枝換葉裝點他短處。

牵钻鬼不想自己原是个钝货，反倒妒忌他起来，千方百计的暗损他：三不时在娘面前添枝换叶装点他短处。

1892, 韓邦慶 [Han Bangqing], chapter 6, in 海上花列傳 [The Sing-song Girls of Shanghai]:

Come what may, she's always the first one who the pimp goes to for opinions: she's always the one who gets the final word, who he purposefully showers with flattery every so often.

⁶lau-pau₃ ²ze-bi₆ ⁵sa ⁶zy-thi₃ ¹si ⁵iau ⁵chi ⁶men ¹li ¹li-seq₇ ⁶na-ka₅ ⁶zy ⁶na-ka₅ ²we-iau₅ ¹se-peq₇-zy₂ ⁵chi ⁷phaq-phaq₇ ¹li ⁶mo-phi₅-meq₈ ³hau

老鴇隨便啥事體先要去問俚，俚說那價是那價，還要三不時去拍拍俚馬屁末好。

老鸨随便啥事体先要去问俚，俚说那价是那价，还要三不时去拍拍俚马屁末好。

Sometimes I'm feel sorry that I'm often not home

yû-sṳ̀ ko-yi-m̀-hi, sâm-put-sṳ̀ mò thô vuk

有時過意不去 三不時不在家

有时过意不去 三不时不在家

(dialectal, including Jianghuai Mandarin, Southern Sixian Hakka, Wu) often; from time to time


三次元

/sän⁵⁵ t͡sʰz̩⁵¹ ɥɛn³⁵/

/sän⁵⁵ t͡sʰz̩⁵¹ ɥɛn³⁵/


三基色

/sän⁵⁵ t͡ɕi⁵⁵ sɤ⁵¹/

/sän⁵⁵ t͡ɕi⁵⁵ sɤ⁵¹/


三篋

/sän⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɛ⁵¹/

/sän⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɛ⁵¹/