乘

Pictogram (象形) – a person 大 climbing a tree 木, with the feet visible. Etymology clearer in alternative form 椉. In this form, simplified to 禾 (“tree and top”) + 北 (“feet”).

addition, subtraction, multiplication, division

加減乘除

加减乘除

二乘八等於十六。

二乘八等于十六。


加

Shuowen: ideogrammic compound (會意 /会意): 力 (“strength”) + 口 (“mouth”) — exaggerate; slander.
Sun Changxu: ideogrammic compound (會意 /会意): 力 (“plowing”) + 口 (“mouth”) — to put more effort. 口 here indicates exclamations or breath associated with the effort.
駕 (OC *kraːls, “to yoke”) is the exopassive of 加 (OC *kraːl, “to add; to attach”) (Schuessler, 2007). Cognate with Tibetan ཁྲལ (khral, “to impose a tax”), Burmese ကြား (kra:, “between”).


名

/ᵐbiaŋ²²⁻²²⁵/

/ᵐbiaŋ²²⁻²²⁵/

Ideogrammic compound (會意 /会意): 夕 (“crescent moon”) + 口 (“mouth”) — to say one's own name to identify oneself in the dark.
An alternative theory has been proposed based on Shang era texts. 口 was originally used to write both 口 and 名. 夕 standing for what later came to be written 明, was added as a phonetic indicator to disambiguate the two meanings.
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *r-meŋ (“name”). Cognate with Tibetan མིང (ming), Burmese အမည် (a.many), and Mizo hming.

The product of two numbers of the same sign is positive. The product of two numbers of opposite signs is negative.

Zhu Shijie, 《算學啟蒙》, Yuan Dynasty (c. 1299)

Tóng míng xiāngchéng yuē zhèng, yì míng xiāngchéng wéi fù.

同名相乘曰正，異名相乘為負。

同名相乘曰正，异名相乘为负。


實

Ideogrammic compound (會意 /会意): 宀 (“roof”) + 周 (“carved jade”) + 貝 (“shellfish; cowrie”).
The two lower components of 周 and 貝 had combined to form 貫 (OC *koːn, *koːns, “string of cowries”), hence the incorrect analysis in Shuowen Jiezi of this character as 宀 + 貫.

och-l

[To calculate the difference between two fractions,] multiply each fraction's numerator by the other's denominator, and subtract the smaller product from the larger one, and let the difference be the divisor. Let the product of the two denominators be the dividend. Add one to the result for each part in the dividend that equals to the divisor (which means to divide the dividend by the divisor).

10th–2nd century BCE, The Nine Chapters on the Mathematical Art

Mǔ hù chéng zǐ, yǐ shào jiǎn duō, yú wèi shí. Mǔ xiàng chéng wèi fǎ. Shí rú fǎ ér yī.

母互乘子，以少減多，餘為實。母相乘為法。實如法而一。

母互乘子，以少减多，余为实。母相乘为法。实如法而一。


根

Monic languages
redundancy (linguistics)

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *kɯːn): semantic 木 + phonetic 艮 (OC *kɯːns).
Possibly of Austroasiatic origin (Schuessler, 2007). Compare Proto-Mon-Khmer *(d)kər (“tree, plant”) (whence Proto-Vietic *kəl > Vietnamese cây, Muong câl), *d₂gəl ~ d₂g(əə)l (“trunk; stump”) (whence Khmer គល់ (kŭəl, “stump; floating log”), Proto-Monic *t(l)gəl (“stump”)).
Alternatively, Smith (2011) proposes a derivation from 荄 (OC *kɯː, “grassroot”) with redundant nominalizing suffix *-n. See 荄 for more.

Han compound

均方根


減

/t͡ɕi̯ɛn²¹⁴/

/t͡ɕi̯ɛn²¹⁴/

Ideogrammic compound (會意 /会意) and phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *krɯːmʔ, *ɡrɯːmʔ): semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 咸 (OC *ɡrɯːm, “seal”) - to seal off a stream of water, decreasing its flow. 咸 is the original character of 緘 /缄 and also serves as a semantic component.
Schuessler (2007) adduces no potential cognates and leaves the origin open. That said, note strong similarities to Proto-Tibeto-Burman *s-grum (“contracted, stunted, dwarfish”), whence Burmese ကျုံ့ (kyum., “to shrink, contract”).

cog

减
减
减
噉
咁
𡄎
緊
减


除

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *l'a, *l'as): semantic 阜 + phonetic 余 (OC *la).


平方

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (平方):
* → Japanese: 平方(へいほう) (heihō)
* → Korean: 평방(平方) (pyeongbang)
* → Vietnamese: bình phương (平方)

/pʰiŋ³⁵ fɑŋ⁵⁵/

/pʰɪŋ²¹ fɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/pʰen²² fɔŋ³³/

/pʰen²² fɔŋ³³⁻³³⁵/

/piɪŋ²⁴⁻²² hɔŋ⁴⁴/

/piɪŋ²⁴⁻²² hɔŋ³³/

/piɪŋ¹³⁻²² hɔŋ⁴⁴/

/piɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ hɔŋ⁴⁴/

/piɪŋ²³⁻³³ hɔŋ⁴⁴/

/pʰeŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ huaŋ³³/

/pʰiŋ³⁵ fɑŋ⁵⁵/

/pʰɪŋ²¹ fɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/pʰen²² fɔŋ³³/

/pʰen²² fɔŋ³³⁻³³⁵/

/piɪŋ²⁴⁻²² hɔŋ⁴⁴/

/piɪŋ²⁴⁻²² hɔŋ³³/

/piɪŋ¹³⁻²² hɔŋ⁴⁴/

/piɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ hɔŋ⁴⁴/

/piɪŋ²³⁻³³ hɔŋ⁴⁴/

/pʰeŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ huaŋ³³/

Yòng jiǎn xián wài, yǒu shíliù, kāi píngfāng, chú dé sì bù wèi gōu, bèi zhī wèi suǒ gē zhíjìng.

用減弦外，有十六，開平方，除得四步為勾，倍之為所割直徑。

用减弦外，有十六，开平方，除得四步为勾，倍之为所割直径。

(arithmetic) square (as in square foot, square mile, square root); second power


立方

Sino-Xenic (立方):
* → Japanese: 立方(りっぽう) (rippō)
* → Korean: 입방(立方) (ipbang)
* → Vietnamese: lập phương (立方)

/li⁵¹ fɑŋ⁵⁵/

/laːp̚² fɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/lɐp̚² fɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/lip̚³² fɔŋ³³/

/lip̚³² fɔŋ³³⁻³³⁵/

/lip̚⁴⁻³² hɔŋ⁴⁴/

/lip̚²⁴⁻² hɔŋ³³/

/lip̚¹²¹⁻²¹ hɔŋ⁴⁴/

/lip̚⁴⁻³² hɔŋ⁴⁴/

/lip̚⁴⁻³² hɔŋ⁴⁴/

/li⁵¹ fɑŋ⁵⁵/

/laːp̚² fɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/lɐp̚² fɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/lip̚³² fɔŋ³³/

/lip̚³² fɔŋ³³⁻³³⁵/

/lip̚⁴⁻³² hɔŋ⁴⁴/

/lip̚²⁴⁻² hɔŋ³³/

/lip̚¹²¹⁻²¹ hɔŋ⁴⁴/

/lip̚⁴⁻³² hɔŋ⁴⁴/

/lip̚⁴⁻³² hɔŋ⁴⁴/


十進

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ t͡ɕin⁵¹/

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ t͡ɕin⁵¹/


計算機

→ Zhuang: gisongih

/t͡ɕi⁵¹⁻⁵³ su̯än⁵¹ t͡ɕi⁵⁵/

/kɐi̯³³ syːn³³ kei̯⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕi⁴⁵ suæ̃⁴⁵ t͡ɕi¹¹/

/kie²¹³⁻²¹ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾louŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋi⁵⁵/

ge⁴ suang⁴ gi¹ [Phonetic:ge⁵ luang¹ gi¹]

/ke⁴²⁻¹¹ ^((ɬ-))luaŋ⁴²⁻⁵⁵ ki⁵³³/

ge⁴ suong⁴ gi¹ [Phonetic:ge⁵ luong¹ gi¹]

/ke⁴²⁻²¹ ^((ɬ-))luoŋ⁴²⁻⁵⁵ ki⁵⁴⁴/

/ke²¹⁻⁴¹ sŋ̍²¹⁻⁴¹ ki⁴⁴/

/ke¹¹⁻⁵³ sŋ̍¹¹⁻⁵³ ki⁴⁴/

/ke⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ sŋ̍⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ ki³³/

/ke²¹⁻⁵³ sŋ̍²¹⁻⁵³ ki⁴⁴/

/ke²¹⁻⁵³ suĩ²¹⁻⁵³ ki⁴⁴/

/ki²¹³⁻⁵⁵ sɯŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ ki³³/

/t͡ɕi⁵¹⁻⁵³ su̯än⁵¹ t͡ɕi⁵⁵/

/kɐi̯³³ syːn³³ kei̯⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕi⁴⁵ suæ̃⁴⁵ t͡ɕi¹¹/

/kie²¹³⁻²¹ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾louŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋi⁵⁵/

/ke⁴²⁻¹¹ ^((ɬ-))luaŋ⁴²⁻⁵⁵ ki⁵³³/

/ke⁴²⁻²¹ ^((ɬ-))luoŋ⁴²⁻⁵⁵ ki⁵⁴⁴/

/ke²¹⁻⁴¹ sŋ̍²¹⁻⁴¹ ki⁴⁴/

/ke¹¹⁻⁵³ sŋ̍¹¹⁻⁵³ ki⁴⁴/

/ke⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ sŋ̍⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ ki³³/

/ke²¹⁻⁵³ sŋ̍²¹⁻⁵³ ki⁴⁴/

/ke²¹⁻⁵³ suĩ²¹⁻⁵³ ki⁴⁴/

/ki²¹³⁻⁵⁵ sɯŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ ki³³/

(chiefly Taiwan, Singapore, Malaysia) calculator (electronic device)


分子

/fən⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/fɐn²² t͡siː³⁵/

/fɐn⁵⁵ t͡siː³⁵/

/hun²²⁻²¹ t͡su⁵³/

/hun⁴¹⁻²² t͡sɯ⁵⁵⁴/

/hun⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡su⁴¹/

/hun⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡su⁵³/

/huŋ³³⁻²³ t͡sɯ⁵²/

/fən⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/fɐn²² t͡siː³⁵/

/fɐn⁵⁵ t͡siː³⁵/

/hun²²⁻²¹ t͡su⁵³/

/hun⁴¹⁻²² t͡sɯ⁵⁵⁴/

/hun⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡su⁴¹/

/hun⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡su⁵³/

/huŋ³³⁻²³ t͡sɯ⁵²/


算術

/su̯än⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂu⁵¹/

/ɬuaŋ⁴²⁻⁵⁵ ɬɔʔ⁴/

/ɬuoŋ⁴²⁻⁵⁵ ɬuoʔ⁴/

/suan²¹⁻⁵³ sut̚¹²¹/

/suan⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ sut̚²⁴/

/sŋ̍¹¹⁻⁵³ sut̚⁴/

/sŋ̍²¹⁻⁴¹ sut̚⁴/

/sɯŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ suk̚⁴/

/su̯än⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂu⁵¹/

/ɬuaŋ⁴²⁻⁵⁵ ɬɔʔ⁴/

/ɬuoŋ⁴²⁻⁵⁵ ɬuoʔ⁴/

/suan²¹⁻⁵³ sut̚¹²¹/

/suan⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ sut̚²⁴/

/sŋ̍¹¹⁻⁵³ sut̚⁴/

/sŋ̍²¹⁻⁴¹ sut̚⁴/

/sɯŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ suk̚⁴/


阿拉伯數字

ㄚ ㄌㄚ ㄅㄛˊ ㄕㄨˋ ㄗˋ

ㄚ ㄌㄚ ㄅㄛˊ ㄕㄨˋ ㄗˋ

/ˀä⁵⁵ lä⁵⁵ pu̯ɔ³⁵ ʂu⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡sz̩⁵¹/

/aː³³ laːi̯⁵⁵ paːk̚³ sou̯³³ t͡siː²²/

/a⁴⁴⁻²² la⁴⁴⁻²² piɪk̚³²⁻⁴ sɔ²¹⁻⁵³ li²²/

/a⁴⁴⁻³³ la⁴⁴⁻³³ piɪk̚³²⁻⁴ sɔ²¹⁻⁴¹ zi³³/

/ˀä⁵⁵ lä⁵⁵ pu̯ɔ³⁵ ʂu⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡sz̩⁵¹/

/aː³³ laːi̯⁵⁵ paːk̚³ sou̯³³ t͡siː²²/

/a⁴⁴⁻²² la⁴⁴⁻²² piɪk̚³²⁻⁴ sɔ²¹⁻⁵³ li²²/

/a⁴⁴⁻³³ la⁴⁴⁻³³ piɪk̚³²⁻⁴ sɔ²¹⁻⁴¹ zi³³/


四捨五入

ㄙˋ ㄕㄜˇ ㄨˇ ㄖㄨˋ

ㄙˋ ㄕㄜˇ ㄨˇ ㄖㄨˋ

/sz̩⁵¹ ʂɤ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ u²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʐu⁵¹/

/sei̯³³ sɛː³⁵ ŋ̍¹³ jɐp̚²/

/sz̩⁵¹ ʂɤ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ u²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʐu⁵¹/

/sei̯³³ sɛː³⁵ ŋ̍¹³ jɐp̚²/

(arithmetic) rounding to the closest number (0.4 being rounded down, 0.5 being rounded up); rounding off


等於

/tɤŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ y³⁵/

/tɐŋ³⁵ jyː⁵⁵/

/tiɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ u²⁴/

/tiɪŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ i²³/

/tiɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ i²⁴/

/tɤŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ y³⁵/

/tɐŋ³⁵ jyː⁵⁵/

/tiɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ u²⁴/

/tiɪŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ i²³/

/tiɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ i²⁴/

to be equivalent to; to amount to; to be tantamount to


號碼

/xɑʊ̯⁵¹ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/xɑʊ̯⁵¹ mɑɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/hau³² ᵐba²¹⁻²¹⁵/

/hɤ³³⁻²¹ be⁴¹/

/ho³³⁻¹¹ be⁵³/

/ho⁴¹⁻²² be⁵⁵⁴/

/ho²²⁻²¹ be⁵³/

/ho²²⁻¹² be⁵³/

/ho²²⁻²¹ be⁴²/

/ho²¹ bɛ⁴⁴⁵/

/ho²²⁻²¹ bɛ⁵³/

/hɤ³³⁻²¹ mã⁴¹/

/ho³³⁻¹¹ mã⁵³/

/xɑʊ̯⁵¹ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/xɑʊ̯⁵¹ mɑɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/hau³² ᵐba²¹⁻²¹⁵/

/hɤ³³⁻²¹ be⁴¹/

/ho³³⁻¹¹ be⁵³/

/ho⁴¹⁻²² be⁵⁵⁴/

/ho²²⁻²¹ be⁵³/

/ho²²⁻¹² be⁵³/

/ho²²⁻²¹ be⁴²/

/ho²¹ bɛ⁴⁴⁵/

/ho²²⁻²¹ bɛ⁵³/

/hɤ³³⁻²¹ mã⁴¹/

/ho³³⁻¹¹ mã⁵³/


除以

/ʈ͡ʂʰu³⁵ i²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ti²⁴⁻²² i⁵³/

/tu²⁴⁻²² i⁵³/

/ti²⁴⁻²² i⁵⁵⁴/

/tu²⁴⁻²² i⁵⁵⁴/

/ti¹³⁻²² i⁵³/

/tu¹³⁻²² i⁵³/

/ti²⁴⁻¹¹ i⁵³/

/tu²⁴⁻¹¹ i⁵³/

/ti²³⁻³³ i⁴¹/

/tu²³⁻³³ i⁴¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʰu³⁵ i²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ti²⁴⁻²² i⁵³/

/tu²⁴⁻²² i⁵³/

/ti²⁴⁻²² i⁵⁵⁴/

/tu²⁴⁻²² i⁵⁵⁴/

/ti¹³⁻²² i⁵³/

/tu¹³⁻²² i⁵³/

/ti²⁴⁻¹¹ i⁵³/

/tu²⁴⁻¹¹ i⁵³/

/ti²³⁻³³ i⁴¹/

/tu²³⁻³³ i⁴¹/


序數

/ɕy⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂu⁵¹/

/t͡sɵy̯²² sou̯³³/

/su²²⁻²¹ sɔ²¹/

/si²²⁻²¹ sɔ²¹/

/ɕy⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂu⁵¹/

/t͡sɵy̯²² sou̯³³/

/su²²⁻²¹ sɔ²¹/

/si²²⁻²¹ sɔ²¹/


基數

/t͡ɕi⁵⁵ ʂu⁵¹/

/ki⁴⁴⁻²² sɔ²¹/

/ki⁴⁴⁻²² sɔ²¹/

/ki⁴⁴⁻³³ sɔ¹¹/

/ki⁴⁴⁻³³ sɔ²¹/

/ki³³⁻²³ siau²¹³/

/t͡ɕi⁵⁵ ʂu⁵¹/

/ki⁴⁴⁻²² sɔ²¹/

/ki⁴⁴⁻²² sɔ²¹/

/ki⁴⁴⁻³³ sɔ¹¹/

/ki⁴⁴⁻³³ sɔ²¹/

/ki³³⁻²³ siau²¹³/


加法

Sino-Xenic (加法):
* → Japanese: 加法(かほう) (kahō)
* → Korean: 가법(加法) (gabeop)
* → Vietnamese: gia pháp (加法)

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ fä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ka⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾uɑʔ²⁴/

/ka⁵³³⁻¹³ haʔ²¹/

/ka⁵⁴⁴⁻²⁴ haʔ²/

/ka⁴⁴⁻²² huat̚³²/

/ka⁴⁴⁻²² huat̚³²/

/ka⁴⁴⁻³³ huat̚³²/

/ka⁴⁴⁻³³ huat̚³²/

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ fä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ka⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾uɑʔ²⁴/

/ka⁵³³⁻¹³ haʔ²¹/

/ka⁵⁴⁴⁻²⁴ haʔ²/

/ka⁴⁴⁻²² huat̚³²/

/ka⁴⁴⁻²² huat̚³²/

/ka⁴⁴⁻³³ huat̚³²/

/ka⁴⁴⁻³³ huat̚³²/


計算器

ㄐㄧˋ ㄙㄨㄢˋ ㄑㄧˋ

/t͡ɕi⁵¹⁻⁵³ su̯än⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕʰi⁵¹/

/t͡ɕi²¹³ suan²¹³ t͡ɕʰi²¹³/

/kɐi̯³³ syːn³³ hei̯³³/

/t͡ɕi⁵¹⁻⁵³ su̯än⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕʰi⁵¹/

/t͡ɕi²¹³ suan²¹³ t͡ɕʰi²¹³/

/kɐi̯³³ syːn³³ hei̯³³/


加減乘除

ㄐㄧㄚ ㄐㄧㄢˇ ㄔㄥˊ ㄔㄨˊ

ㄐㄧㄚ ㄐㄧㄢˇ ㄔㄥˊ ㄔㄨˊ

цзяцзянь чэнчу

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu³⁵/

/kaː⁵⁵ kaːm³⁵ sɪŋ²¹ t͡sʰɵy̯²¹/

/ka⁴⁴⁻²² kiam⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siɪŋ²⁴⁻²² tu²⁴/

/ka³³ kiam⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ siɪŋ²⁴⁻²² tu²⁴/

/ka⁴⁴⁻²² kiam⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siɪŋ¹³⁻²² tu¹³/

/ka⁴⁴⁻³³ kiam⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ tu²⁴/

/ka⁴⁴⁻³³ kiam⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ siɪŋ²³⁻³³ tu²³/

/kaː⁵⁵ kaːm³⁵ sɪŋ²¹ t͡sʰɵy̯²¹/

/ka⁴⁴⁻²² kiam⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siɪŋ²⁴⁻²² tu²⁴/

/ka³³ kiam⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ siɪŋ²⁴⁻²² tu²⁴/

/ka⁴⁴⁻²² kiam⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siɪŋ¹³⁻²² tu¹³/

/ka⁴⁴⁻³³ kiam⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ tu²⁴/

/ka⁴⁴⁻³³ kiam⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ siɪŋ²³⁻³³ tu²³/

addition, subtraction, multiplication and division; arithmetic operations


減法

Sino-Xenic (減法):
* → Japanese: 減法(げんぽう) (genpō)
* → Korean: 감법(減法) (gambeop)
* → Vietnamese: giảm pháp (減法)

/t͡ɕi̯ɛn²¹⁴⁻³⁵ fä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kɛiŋ³³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ŋuɑʔ²⁴/

/kiɛŋ⁴⁵³⁻¹³ haʔ²¹/

/kiɛŋ³³²⁻²⁴ haʔ²/

/t͡ɕi̯ɛn²¹⁴⁻³⁵ fä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kɛiŋ³³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ŋuɑʔ²⁴/

/kiɛŋ⁴⁵³⁻¹³ haʔ²¹/

/kiɛŋ³³²⁻²⁴ haʔ²/


分數

/fən⁵⁵ ʂu⁵¹/

/fən⁵⁵ ʂuɻʷ⁵¹/

/fun²⁴⁻¹¹ su⁵⁵/

/hɔŋ⁵³³⁻¹³ ^((ɬ-))nɔu⁴²/

/hun⁴⁴⁻²² sɔ²¹/

/hun⁴⁴⁻²² sɔ²¹/

/hun⁴⁴⁻³³ sɔ¹¹/

/hun⁴⁴⁻³³ sɔ²¹/

/huŋ³³⁻²³ siou²¹³/

/huŋ³³⁻²³ siau²¹³/

/fən⁵⁵ ʂu⁵¹/

/fən⁵⁵ ʂuɻʷ⁵¹/

/fun²⁴⁻¹¹ su⁵⁵/

/hɔŋ⁵³³⁻¹³ ^((ɬ-))nɔu⁴²/

/hun⁴⁴⁻²² sɔ²¹/

/hun⁴⁴⁻²² sɔ²¹/

/hun⁴⁴⁻³³ sɔ¹¹/

/hun⁴⁴⁻³³ sɔ²¹/

/huŋ³³⁻²³ siou²¹³/

/huŋ³³⁻²³ siau²¹³/

/fən⁵⁵ ʂu⁵¹/

/fən⁵⁵ ʂuɻʷ⁵¹/

/fun²⁴⁻¹¹ su⁵⁵/

/hɔŋ⁵³³⁻¹³ ^((ɬ-))nɔu⁴²/

/hun⁴⁴⁻²² sɔ²¹/

/hun⁴⁴⁻²² sɔ²¹/

/hun⁴⁴⁻³³ sɔ¹¹/

/hun⁴⁴⁻³³ sɔ²¹/


被加數

/peɪ̯⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ ʂu⁵¹/

/pi²²⁻²¹ ka⁴⁴⁻²² sɔ²¹/

/pi⁴¹⁻²² ka³³ sɔ⁴¹/

/pi²²⁻²¹ ka⁴⁴⁻²² sɔ²¹/

/pi³³⁻¹¹ ka⁴⁴⁻³³ sɔ¹¹/

/pi³³⁻²¹ ka⁴⁴⁻³³ sɔ²¹/

/peɪ̯⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ ʂu⁵¹/

/pi²²⁻²¹ ka⁴⁴⁻²² sɔ²¹/

/pi⁴¹⁻²² ka³³ sɔ⁴¹/

/pi²²⁻²¹ ka⁴⁴⁻²² sɔ²¹/

/pi³³⁻¹¹ ka⁴⁴⁻³³ sɔ¹¹/

/pi³³⁻²¹ ka⁴⁴⁻³³ sɔ²¹/

augend (a quantity to which another is added)


乘數

/ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵ ʂu⁵¹/

/sɪŋ²¹ sou̯³³/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵ ʂu⁵¹/

/sɪŋ²¹ sou̯³³/


被乘數

/peɪ̯⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵ ʂu⁵¹/

/pei̯²² sɪŋ²¹ sou̯³³/

/peɪ̯⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵ ʂu⁵¹/

/pei̯²² sɪŋ²¹ sou̯³³/

multiplicand (number that is to be multiplied by another)


被除數

/peɪ̯⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu³⁵ ʂu⁵¹/

/pei̯²² t͡sʰɵy̯²¹ sou̯³³/

/peɪ̯⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu³⁵ ʂu⁵¹/

/pei̯²² t͡sʰɵy̯²¹ sou̯³³/

dividend (а number that is to be divided by another)


除數

/ʈ͡ʂʰu³⁵ ʂu⁵¹/

/t͡sʰɵy̯²¹ sou̯³³/

/tɯ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ siou²¹³/

/ʈ͡ʂʰu³⁵ ʂu⁵¹/

/t͡sʰɵy̯²¹ sou̯³³/

/tɯ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ siou²¹³/


減數

/t͡ɕi̯ɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂu⁵¹/

/t͡ɕi̯ɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂu⁵¹/


被減數

ㄅㄟˋ ㄐㄧㄢˇ ㄕㄨˋ

ㄅㄟˋ ㄐㄧㄢˇ ㄕㄨˋ

/peɪ̯⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂu⁵¹/

/peɪ̯⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂu⁵¹/

minuend (number from which another is subtracted)


餘數

/ɯ²⁴⁻²² sɔ⁴¹/

/u²⁴⁻²² sɔ²¹/

/i²⁴⁻¹¹ sɔ¹¹/

/i¹³⁻²² sɔ²¹/

/i²³⁻³³ sɔ²¹/

/ɯ²⁴⁻²² sɔ⁴¹/

/u²⁴⁻²² sɔ²¹/

/i²⁴⁻¹¹ sɔ¹¹/

/i¹³⁻²² sɔ²¹/

/i²³⁻³³ sɔ²¹/


除法

/ʈ͡ʂʰu³⁵ fä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʰɵy̯²¹ faːt̚³/

/ˈt͡ɕʰy²⁴ fat̚⁵/

/ty¹³⁻⁴² haʔ²¹/

/ty²⁴⁻⁴² haʔ²/

/tu²⁴⁻²² huat̚³²/

/tu²⁴⁻¹¹ huat̚³²/

/ti²³⁻³³ huat̚³²/

/ʈ͡ʂʰu³⁵ fä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʰɵy̯²¹ faːt̚³/

/ˈt͡ɕʰy²⁴ fat̚⁵/

/ty¹³⁻⁴² haʔ²¹/

/ty²⁴⁻⁴² haʔ²/

/tu²⁴⁻²² huat̚³²/

/tu²⁴⁻¹¹ huat̚³²/

/ti²³⁻³³ huat̚³²/


乘法

/ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵ fä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sɪŋ²¹ faːt̚³/

/siŋ⁵³⁻²¹ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ŋuɑʔ²⁴/

/ɬiŋ¹³⁻⁴² haʔ²¹/

/ɬiŋ²⁴⁻⁴² haʔ²/

/siɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ huat̚³²/

/siɪŋ²³⁻³³ huat̚³²/

/siɪŋ²⁴⁻²² huat̚³²/

/siɪŋ³³⁻²¹ huat̚³²/

/siɪŋ³³⁻¹¹ huat̚³²/

/seŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ huap̚²/

/seŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ huak̚²/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵ fä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sɪŋ²¹ faːt̚³/

/siŋ⁵³⁻²¹ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ŋuɑʔ²⁴/

/ɬiŋ¹³⁻⁴² haʔ²¹/

/ɬiŋ²⁴⁻⁴² haʔ²/

/siɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ huat̚³²/

/siɪŋ²³⁻³³ huat̚³²/

/siɪŋ²⁴⁻²² huat̚³²/

/siɪŋ³³⁻²¹ huat̚³²/

/siɪŋ³³⁻¹¹ huat̚³²/

/seŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ huap̚²/

/seŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ huak̚²/


最大公約數

ㄗㄨㄟˋ ㄉㄚˋ ㄍㄨㄥ ㄩㄝ ㄕㄨˋ

ㄗㄨㄟˋ ㄉㄚˋ ㄍㄨㄥ ㄩㄝ ㄕㄨˋ

цзуйда гунъюэшу

/t͡su̯eɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ tä⁵¹ kʊŋ⁵⁵ ɥɛ⁵⁵ ʂu⁵¹/

/t͡sɵy̯³³ taːi̯²² kʊŋ⁵⁵ jœːk̚³ sou̯³³/

/t͡su̯eɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ tä⁵¹ kʊŋ⁵⁵ ɥɛ⁵⁵ ʂu⁵¹/

/t͡sɵy̯³³ taːi̯²² kʊŋ⁵⁵ jœːk̚³ sou̯³³/

The greatest common divisor of 12 and 10 is 2.

12和10的最大公約數是2。

12和10的最大公约数是2。

greatest common divisor
greatest common divisor

greatest common factor
greatest common factor

highest common factor
highest common factor

(arithmetic, number theory) greatest common divisor; greatest common factor; highest common factor


最小公倍數

ㄗㄨㄟˋ ㄒㄧㄠˇ ㄍㄨㄥ ㄅㄟˋ ㄕㄨˋ

ㄗㄨㄟˋ ㄒㄧㄠˇ ㄍㄨㄥ ㄅㄟˋ ㄕㄨˋ

цзуйсяо гунбэйшу

/t͡su̯eɪ̯⁵¹ ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʊŋ⁵⁵ peɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂu⁵¹/

/t͡sɵy̯³³ siːu̯³⁵ kʊŋ⁵⁵ pʰuːi̯¹³ sou̯³³/

The least common multiple of 12 and 10 is 60.

12和10的最小公倍數是60。

12和10的最小公倍数是60。

least common multiple
least common multiple

(arithmetic, number theory) least common multiple


算學

Sino-Xenic (算學):
* → Japanese: 算学(さんがく) (sangaku)
* → Korean: 산학(算學) (sanhak)
* → Vietnamese: toán học (算學)

/su̯än⁵¹ ɕy̯ɛ³⁵/

/syːn³³ hɔːk̚²/

/souŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ŋouʔ⁵/

/su̯än⁵¹ ɕy̯ɛ³⁵/

/syːn³³ hɔːk̚²/

/souŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ŋouʔ⁵/


公差

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰä⁵⁵/

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡sʰaː⁵⁵/

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰä⁵⁵/

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡sʰaː⁵⁵/

Let the initial term of the arithmetic progression be a, and the common difference be d.

shè děngchā shùliè de shǒuxiàng wéi a, gōngchā wéi d.

設等差數列的首項為a，公差為d．

设等差数列的首项为a，公差为d．

(arithmetic) common difference (of an arithmetic series)


開方

/kʰaɪ̯⁵⁵ fɑŋ⁵⁵/

/hɔːi̯⁵⁵ fɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/kʰoi̯²⁴⁻¹¹ foŋ²⁴/

/kʰaɪ̯⁵⁵ fɑŋ⁵⁵/

/hɔːi̯⁵⁵ fɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/kʰoi̯²⁴⁻¹¹ foŋ²⁴/


乘法表

ㄔㄥˊ ㄈㄚˇ ㄅㄧㄠˇ

ㄔㄥˊ ㄈㄚˇ ㄅㄧㄠˇ

/ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵ fä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ pi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sɪŋ²¹ faːt̚³ piːu̯³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵ fä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ pi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sɪŋ²¹ faːt̚³ piːu̯³⁵/

multiplication table
multiplication table


番仔碼子

/huan⁴⁴⁻²² a⁵³⁻⁴⁴ be⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡si⁵³/

/huan³³ a⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ be⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡si⁵⁵⁴/

/huan⁴⁴⁻²² a⁵³⁻⁴⁴ bɛ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡si⁵³/

/huan⁴⁴⁻²² a⁵³⁻⁴⁴ be⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡si⁵³/

/huan³³ a⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ be⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡si⁵⁵⁴/

/huan⁴⁴⁻²² a⁵³⁻⁴⁴ bɛ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡si⁵³/


最大公因數

ㄗㄨㄟˋ ㄉㄚˋ ㄍㄨㄥ ㄧㄣ ㄕㄨˋ

ㄗㄨㄟˋ ㄉㄚˋ ㄍㄨㄥ ㄧㄣ ㄕㄨˋ

цзуйда гунъиньшу

/t͡su̯eɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ tä⁵¹ kʊŋ⁵⁵ in⁵⁵ ʂu⁵¹/

/t͡sɵy̯³³ taːi̯²² kʊŋ⁵⁵ jɐn⁵⁵ sou̯³³/

/t͡su̯eɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ tä⁵¹ kʊŋ⁵⁵ in⁵⁵ ʂu⁵¹/

/t͡sɵy̯³³ taːi̯²² kʊŋ⁵⁵ jɐn⁵⁵ sou̯³³/


最大公因子

ㄗㄨㄟˋ ㄉㄚˋ ㄍㄨㄥ ㄧㄣ ㄗˇ

ㄗㄨㄟˋ ㄉㄚˋ ㄍㄨㄥ ㄧㄣ ㄗˇ

цзуйда гунъиньцзы

/t͡su̯eɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ tä⁵¹ kʊŋ⁵⁵ in⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sɵy̯³³ taːi̯²² kʊŋ⁵⁵ jɐn⁵⁵ t͡siː³⁵/

/t͡sɵy̯³³ taːi̯²² kʊŋ⁵⁵ jɐn⁵⁵ t͡siː³⁵/


加號

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ xɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ xaʊ̯ɻʷ⁵¹/

/kaː⁵⁵ hou̯²²⁻³⁵/

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ xɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ xaʊ̯ɻʷ⁵¹/

/kaː⁵⁵ hou̯²²⁻³⁵/


分數線

/fən⁵⁵ ʂu⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/fən⁵⁵ ʂu⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/fən⁵⁵ ʂu⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/


洋碼碼

/iɒ̃¹¹ ma⁵³ ma⁵³⁻¹¹/

/iɒ̃¹¹ ma⁵³ ma⁵³⁻¹¹/


洋碼字

/i̯æn¹³ ma̠⁴¹ t͡si²¹⁻¹¹/

/i̯æn¹³ ma̠⁴¹ t͡ɕi²¹⁻¹¹/

/i̯æn¹³ ma̠⁴¹ t͡si²¹⁻¹¹/

/i̯æn¹³ ma̠⁴¹ t͡ɕi²¹⁻¹¹/

(Lichuan Gan, Pinghua, Xiang, arithmetic) Arabic numeral


乘方

/ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵ fɑŋ⁵⁵/

/sɪŋ²¹ fɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/seŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ paŋ³³/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵ fɑŋ⁵⁵/

/sɪŋ²¹ fɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/seŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ paŋ³³/


自乘

Sino-Xenic (自乘):
* → Japanese: 自(じ)乗(じょう) (jijō)
* → Korean: 자승(自乘) (jaseung)

/t͡sz̩⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/t͡sɯ³⁵⁻¹¹ seŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sz̩⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/t͡sɯ³⁵⁻¹¹ seŋ⁵⁵/

2自乘四次得16。

Yuánshǐ huángzhōng chū jiǔ zìchéng, yī yuè zhī shù, dé rì fǎ.

元始黃鐘初九自乘，一龠之數，得日法。

元始黄钟初九自乘，一龠之数，得日法。

Yǐ bànjìng wèi xián, wǔ bù zìchéng dé èrshíwǔ.

以半徑為弦，五步自乘得二十五。

以半径为弦，五步自乘得二十五。

(arithmetic, of a number) to be multiplied by itself


方根

/fɑŋ⁵⁵ kən⁵⁵/

/fɔːŋ⁵⁵ kɐn⁵⁵/

/fɑŋ⁵⁵ kən⁵⁵/

/fɔːŋ⁵⁵ kɐn⁵⁵/


帶分數

/taɪ̯⁵¹ fən⁵⁵ ʂu⁵¹/

/taːi̯³³ fɐn²² sou̯³³/

/taɪ̯⁵¹ fən⁵⁵ ʂu⁵¹/

/taːi̯³³ fɐn²² sou̯³³/


約分

Sino-Xenic (約分):
* → Japanese: 約分(やくぶん) (yakubun)
* → Korean: 약분(約分) (yakbun)

/ɥɛ⁵⁵ fən⁵⁵/

/jœːk̚³ fɐn²²/

/ɥɛ⁵⁵ fən⁵⁵/

/jœːk̚³ fɐn²²/

(arithmetic) to reduce a fraction to lowest terms


環比

/xu̯än³⁵ pi²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/xu̯än³⁵ pi²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

the ratio of the figure for one period (month, quarter, etc.) to that of the immediately preceding period


乘數表

/sɪŋ²¹ sou̯³³ piːu̯³⁵/

/sɪŋ²¹ sou̯³³ piːu̯³⁵/

(Cantonese, arithmetic) multiplication table


番仔碼

/huan⁴⁴⁻²² a⁵³⁻⁴⁴ be⁵³/

/huan⁴⁴⁻²² a⁵³⁻⁴⁴ be⁵³/

(Xiamen Hokkien, arithmetic) Arabic numeral


碼子字

/be⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡si⁵³⁻⁴⁴ li²²/

/be⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡si⁵³⁻⁴⁴ li²²/


乘冪

/ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵ mi⁵¹/

/sɪŋ²¹ mɪk̚²/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵ mi⁵¹/

/sɪŋ²¹ mɪk̚²/


番碼囝

/huaŋ³³⁻²³ pe⁵²⁻³⁵ kĩã⁵²⁻²¹/

/huaŋ³³⁻²³ pe⁵²⁻³⁵ kĩã⁵²⁻²¹/


番囝碼

/huaŋ³³⁻²³ kĩã⁵²⁻³⁵ pe⁵²⁻²¹/

/huaŋ³³⁻²³ kĩã⁵²⁻³⁵ pe⁵²⁻²¹/


紅毛號碼

/aŋ²³⁻²¹ mɔ²³⁻²¹ ho²¹ bɛ⁴⁴⁵/

/aŋ²³⁻²¹ mɔ²³⁻²¹ ho²¹ bɛ⁴⁴⁵/

(Penang Hokkien, arithmetic) Arabic numeral