圞

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *b·roːn): semantic 囗 + phonetic 欒 (OC *b·roːn).

Han compound

(dialectal, including Liuzhou Mandarin, Pingxiang Gan, Xiang) round

(dialectal, including Liuzhou Mandarin, Pingxiang Gan, Changsha Xiang) entire


姑娘

→ Japanese: 姑娘 (kūnyan)

→ Korean: 꾸냥 (kkunyang), 쿠냥 (kunyang)

→ Russian: ку́ня (kúnja)

/ku⁵⁵ ni̯ɑŋ²/

/ku⁵⁵ ni̯ɑ̃ɻ²/

/ku⁵⁵ ni̯ɑŋ³⁵/

/ku²⁴ niɑŋ²⁴/

/kuː⁵⁵ nœːŋ²¹/

/kuː⁵⁵ nœːŋ²¹⁻³⁵/

/ku⁴² n̠ʲiɔŋ²/

/ku²⁴ ŋi̯oŋ¹¹/

/ku¹¹ niɒ̃⁴⁵/

/kɔ³³ niũ²⁴/

/kɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ niũ²³/

/kɔ⁴⁴⁻²² niũ²⁴/

/kɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ niũ²⁴/

/kɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ niɔ̃²⁴/

/kɔ⁴⁴⁻²² niɔ̃¹³/

/ku⁵⁵ n̠ʲiã²¹/

/ku⁵⁵ ni̯ɑŋ²/

/ku⁵⁵ ni̯ɑ̃ɻ²/

/ku⁵⁵ ni̯ɑŋ³⁵/

/ku²⁴ niɑŋ²⁴/

/kuː⁵⁵ nœːŋ²¹/

/kuː⁵⁵ nœːŋ²¹⁻³⁵/

/ku⁴² n̠ʲiɔŋ²/

/ku²⁴ ŋi̯oŋ¹¹/

/ku¹¹ niɒ̃⁴⁵/

/kɔ³³ niũ²⁴/

/kɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ niũ²³/

/kɔ⁴⁴⁻²² niũ²⁴/

/kɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ niũ²⁴/

/kɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ niɔ̃²⁴/

/kɔ⁴⁴⁻²² niɔ̃¹³/

/ku⁵⁵ n̠ʲiã²¹/


米酒

→ Japanese: 米酒 (bīchū), 米酒 (bīchu)

/mi²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/mɐi̯¹³ t͡sɐu̯³⁵/

/bi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡siu⁵³/

/bi⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡siu⁵⁵⁴/

/bi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡siu⁵³/

/bi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡siu⁵³/

/bi⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡siu⁴¹/

/mi²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/mɐi̯¹³ t͡sɐu̯³⁵/

/bi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡siu⁵³/

/bi⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡siu⁵⁵⁴/

/bi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡siu⁵³/

/bi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡siu⁵³/

/bi⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡siu⁴¹/

(Wuhan Mandarin, Pingxiang Gan, Huizhou, Eastern Min) jiuniang


零星

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (零星):
* → Korean: 영성(零星) (yeongseong)
* → Vietnamese: linh tinh (零星)

/liŋ³⁵ ɕiŋ⁵⁵/

/lɪŋ²¹ sɪŋ⁵⁵/

/laŋ¹¹ saŋ²⁴/

/liɪŋ²⁴⁻²² siɪŋ⁴⁴/

/liɪŋ²⁴⁻²² siɪŋ³³/

/liɪŋ¹³⁻²² siɪŋ⁴⁴/

/liɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ siɪŋ⁴⁴/

/liɪŋ²³⁻³³ siɪŋ⁴⁴/

/liŋ³⁵ ɕiŋ⁵⁵/

/lɪŋ²¹ sɪŋ⁵⁵/

/laŋ¹¹ saŋ²⁴/

/liɪŋ²⁴⁻²² siɪŋ⁴⁴/

/liɪŋ²⁴⁻²² siɪŋ³³/

/liɪŋ¹³⁻²² siɪŋ⁴⁴/

/liɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ siɪŋ⁴⁴/

/liɪŋ²³⁻³³ siɪŋ⁴⁴/

(Pingxiang Gan, Hokkien, Northern Min, Loudi Xiang) snack


靴子

/ɕy̯ɛ⁵⁵ d͡z̥z̩²/

/hœː⁵⁵ t͡siː³⁵/

/ɕye¹¹ t͡səʔ²/

/ɕy̯ɛ⁵⁵ d͡z̥z̩²/

/hœː⁵⁵ t͡siː³⁵/

/ɕye¹¹ t͡səʔ²/

(Pingxiang Gan, dated) leather shoe; dress shoe


右手

Sino-Xenic (右手):
* → Japanese: 右(う)手(しゅ) (ushu); 右(ゆう)手(しゅ) (yūshu)

/joʊ̯⁵¹ ʂoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/iəu²¹³ səu⁵³/

/jɐu̯²² sɐu̯³⁵/

/ˈiu¹¹ sɨu²¹³/

/ʒiu³³ ʃiu²⁴/

/iu⁵³⁻⁵⁵ su³¹/

/iəu⁴⁵ səu⁵³/

/iu²²⁻²¹ t͡sʰiu⁵³/

/iu⁴¹⁻²² t͡sʰiu⁵⁵⁴/

/iu²²⁻²¹ t͡sʰiu⁵³/

/iu³³⁻¹¹ t͡sʰiu⁵³/

/iu³³⁻²¹ t͡sʰiu⁴¹/

/ɦiɤ²² sɤ⁴⁴/

/joʊ̯⁵¹ ʂoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/iəu²¹³ səu⁵³/

/jɐu̯²² sɐu̯³⁵/

/ˈiu¹¹ sɨu²¹³/

/ʒiu³³ ʃiu²⁴/

/iu⁵³⁻⁵⁵ su³¹/

/iəu⁴⁵ səu⁵³/

/iu²²⁻²¹ t͡sʰiu⁵³/

/iu⁴¹⁻²² t͡sʰiu⁵⁵⁴/

/iu²²⁻²¹ t͡sʰiu⁵³/

/iu³³⁻¹¹ t͡sʰiu⁵³/

/iu³³⁻²¹ t͡sʰiu⁴¹/

/ɦiɤ²² sɤ⁴⁴/

GT - General Taiwanese (no specific region identified)

(dialectal Mandarin, Pingxiang Gan, Shadi Wu) right side; the right


松節油

ㄙㄨㄥ ㄐㄧㄝˊ ㄧㄡˊ

/sʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵ joʊ̯³⁵/

/t͡sʰʊŋ²¹ t͡siːt̚³ jɐu̯²¹/

/siɔŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡siɛt̚³²⁻⁴ iu²⁴/

/siɔŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡siɛt̚⁵⁻²⁴ iu²⁴/

/siɔŋ¹³⁻²² t͡siɛt̚³²⁻⁵ iu¹³/

/siɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡siɛt̚³²⁻⁴ iu²⁴/

/siɔŋ²³⁻³³ t͡siɛt̚³²⁻⁴ iu²³/

/sʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵ joʊ̯³⁵/

/t͡sʰʊŋ²¹ t͡siːt̚³ jɐu̯²¹/

/siɔŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡siɛt̚³²⁻⁴ iu²⁴/

/siɔŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡siɛt̚⁵⁻²⁴ iu²⁴/

/siɔŋ¹³⁻²² t͡siɛt̚³²⁻⁵ iu¹³/

/siɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡siɛt̚³²⁻⁴ iu²⁴/

/siɔŋ²³⁻³³ t͡siɛt̚³²⁻⁴ iu²³/


孫郎

/suŋ³⁵⁻³³ lɔ²²/

/suŋ³⁵⁻³³ lɔ²²/

(Hepu Cantonese, Zhao'an and Luchuan Hakka, Pingxiang Gan, Leizhou Min) grandson-in-law (granddaughter's husband)


㿸

(Hakka, Xiang, Pingxiang Gan) grime or dirt on one's body (especially the skin)


橙子

Sino-Xenic (橙子):
* → Korean: 등자(橙子) (deungja)

→ Uyghur: چېڭزى (chëngzi)

/ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵ d͡z̥z̩³/

/t͡sʰən²¹ t͡sz̩⁵³/

/ʈ͡ʂʰəŋ²⁴ t͡sz̩⁵¹/

/t͡sʰaːŋ²¹⁻³⁵ t͡siː³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵ d͡z̥z̩³/

/t͡sʰən²¹ t͡sz̩⁵³/

/ʈ͡ʂʰəŋ²⁴ t͡sz̩⁵¹/

/t͡sʰaːŋ²¹⁻³⁵ t͡siː³⁵/

(Southwestern Mandarin, Pingxiang Gan, Jiangxi Hakka, Shuangfeng Xiang) pomelo


老婆婆

/lɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ pʰu̯ɔ³⁵ pʰu̯ɔ³/

/lou̯¹³ pʰɔː²¹ pʰɔː²¹⁻³⁵/

/lɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ pʰu̯ɔ³⁵ pʰu̯ɔ³/

/lou̯¹³ pʰɔː²¹ pʰɔː²¹⁻³⁵/


鳥仔

/tiau⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ʋe³¹/

/t͡sɛu³³⁻³⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾iaŋ³³/

/t͡siau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ a⁵³/

/t͡siau⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ a⁵⁵⁴/

/t͡siau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ a⁵³/

/t͡siau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ a⁵³/

/t͡siau⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ a⁴¹/

/tiau⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ʋe³¹/

/t͡sɛu³³⁻³⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾iaŋ³³/

/t͡siau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ a⁵³/

/t͡siau⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ a⁵⁵⁴/

/t͡siau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ a⁵³/

/t͡siau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ a⁵³/

/t͡siau⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ a⁴¹/

(Pingxiang Gan, Eastern Min, Leizhou Min, Hainanese) little bird


蝨子

(Pingxiang Gan, Huizhou, Wenzhounese) egg of a louse; nit


算盤子

суаньпаньцзы

/su̯än⁵¹ pʰän³⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/su̯än⁵¹ pʰän¹ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

ㄙㄨㄢˋ ㄆㄢˊ ㄗˇㄦ

суаньпаньцзыр

/su̯än⁵¹ pʰän³⁵ t͡sz̩ɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/su̯än⁵¹ pʰän¹ t͡sz̩ɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/syːn³³ pʰuːn²¹ t͡siː³⁵/

/sɵn³⁵ pʰɵn² t͡sz̩²¹³/

/souŋ²¹³⁻⁵³ ⁽ᵖ⁻⁾muaŋ⁵³⁻³³ ^((t͡s-))ʒi³³/

suaⁿ⁴ buaⁿ² zi³ [Phonetic:suaⁿ¹ mua⁵ ni³]

/ɬũã⁴²⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵖ⁻⁾mua¹³⁻²¹ ^((t͡s-))ni³³²/

/sŋ̍²¹⁻⁴¹ puã²³⁻³³ t͡si⁴¹/

/sŋ̍²¹⁻⁵³ puã²⁴⁻²² t͡si⁵³/

/sŋ̍¹¹⁻⁵³ puã²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡si⁵³/

/sŋ̍²¹⁻⁵³ puã²⁴⁻³³ d͡zi⁵³/

/sɯŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ pũã⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡si⁵²/

/su̯än⁵¹ pʰän³⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/su̯än⁵¹ pʰän¹ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/su̯än⁵¹ pʰän³⁵ t͡sz̩ɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/su̯än⁵¹ pʰän¹ t͡sz̩ɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/syːn³³ pʰuːn²¹ t͡siː³⁵/

/sɵn³⁵ pʰɵn² t͡sz̩²¹³/

/ɬũã⁴²⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵖ⁻⁾mua¹³⁻²¹ ^((t͡s-))ni³³²/

/sŋ̍²¹⁻⁴¹ puã²³⁻³³ t͡si⁴¹/

/sŋ̍²¹⁻⁵³ puã²⁴⁻²² t͡si⁵³/

/sŋ̍¹¹⁻⁵³ puã²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡si⁵³/

/sŋ̍²¹⁻⁵³ puã²⁴⁻³³ d͡zi⁵³/

/sɯŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ pũã⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡si⁵²/

(Guangxi Mandarin, Northern Pinghua, Pingxiang Gan, Sanxiang Min) Adam's apple (lump in the throat)


魚仔

/hi²³⁻³³ a⁴¹/

/hu²⁴⁻³³ a⁵³/

/hi²³⁻³³ a⁴¹/

/hu²⁴⁻³³ a⁵³/

(Hakka, Pingxiang Gan, Taiwanese Hokkien) fish (Classifier: 尾 h mn)


番子

→ Manchu: ᡶᠠᠨᡯ (fandz)

/fän⁵⁵ d͡z̥z̩²/

/fän⁵⁵ d͡z̥z̩²/

(Pingxiang Gan) side of a coin without written characters; heads


古月粉

/ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɥɛ⁵¹ fən²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kuː³⁵ jyːt̚² fɐn³⁵/

/ku³⁵ zøt̚²² fɐn³⁵/

/ku⁵⁵ ᵑɡut̚³² fun⁵⁵/

/ku³³ ɲyt̚²⁴ fən³³/

/ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɥɛ⁵¹ fən²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kuː³⁵ jyːt̚² fɐn³⁵/

/ku³⁵ zøt̚²² fɐn³⁵/

/ku⁵⁵ ᵑɡut̚³² fun⁵⁵/

/ku³³ ɲyt̚²⁴ fən³³/

古月 comes from splitting 胡 (hú) in 胡椒粉 (hújiāofěn, “ground pepper”).

1996, 劉小群, 殭屍福星 [Night Journey], episode 4, spoken by 丁小玉 (蘇玉華 [Louisa So]):

I wonder, if I sprinkle some pepper on, what would happen to it?

m⁴ zi¹ ne¹, ngo⁵ sam² di¹ gu² jyut⁶ fan² lok⁶ heoi³ keoi⁵ wui⁵ dim² ne¹?

唔知呢，我糝啲古月粉落去佢會點呢？

唔知呢，我糁啲古月粉落去佢会点呢？

2005, 張洛瑋, 本草藥王 [The Herbalist's Manual], episode 14, spoken by 工人 [Worker] (張國威 [Accord Cheung]):

[After the worker holding flour and Cheung Kiu (張嬌) bumped into each other, to Cheung Kiu] Hey, it's just because you weren't looking when walking. Fortunately, it was just flour. If it were pepper, you'd be blind.

wai³, nei⁵ zi⁶ gei² haang⁴ lou⁶ m⁴ daai³ ngaan⁵ zaa³. hou² coi² hai⁶ di¹ min⁶ fan² ze¹, jyu⁴ gwo² hai⁶ gu² jyut⁶ fan², nei⁵ maang⁴ zo² laa³.

喂，你自己行路唔帶眼咋。好彩係啲麵粉啫，如果係古月粉，你盲咗喇。

喂，你自己行路唔带眼咋。好彩系啲面粉啫，如果系古月粉，你盲咗喇。

2011, 梁科慶 [Leung For-hing], Q concern, Hong Kong: 突破出版社 [Breakthrough], →ISBN, page 108:

Then, I cracked all the eggs into the soup bowl, whisked up the eggs with bamboo chopsticks, mixed in pepper and sesame oil, poured [the mixture] into the frying pan, turned up the heat, wrapped diced luncheon meat and mixed vegetables with egg, and fried it until fragrant.

zip³ zoek⁶ ngo⁵ baa² so² jau⁵ gai¹ daan⁶⁻² daa² zeon³ tong¹ wun², jung⁶ zuk¹ faai³ zi² baa² daan⁶⁻² zap¹ gaau² wan⁴, bun⁶ jap⁶ gu² jyut⁶ fan² wo⁴ maa⁴ jau⁴, king¹ jap⁶ wok⁶ zung¹, gaa¹ daai⁶ fo² lik⁶, zoeng¹ daan⁶⁻² baau¹ zoek³ ng⁵ caan¹ juk⁶ lap¹ wo⁴ zaap⁶ dau⁶⁻² jat¹ bing³ zin¹ hoeng¹.

接着我把所有雞蛋打進湯碗，用竹筷子把蛋汁攪勻，拌入古月粉和麻油，傾入鑊中，加大火力，將蛋包着午餐肉粒和雜豆一併煎香。

接着我把所有鸡蛋打进汤碗，用竹筷子把蛋汁搅匀，拌入古月粉和麻油，倾入镬中，加大火力，将蛋包着午餐肉粒和杂豆一并煎香。

(chiefly Cantonese, Hakka, Pinghua, Liuzhou Mandarin, Pingxiang Gan) ground pepper


臭丸

/t͡sʰɐu̯³³ jyːn²¹⁻³⁵/

/t͡sʰiu³³ jᵘɔn²²⁻²²⁵/

/t͡sʰu⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ian¹¹/

/t͡sʰe³³ yiŋ³³/

/t͡sʰau²¹³⁻⁵⁵ ŋuoŋ⁵³/

/t͡sʰau²¹⁻⁵³ uan¹³/

/t͡sʰau²¹⁻⁵³ uan²⁴/

/t͡sʰau²¹⁻⁴¹ uan²³/

/t͡sʰau¹¹⁻⁵³ uan²⁴/

/t͡sʰau⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ ĩ²⁴/

/t͡sʰau²¹³⁻⁵⁵ ĩ⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰɐu̯³³ jyːn²¹⁻³⁵/

/t͡sʰiu³³ jᵘɔn²²⁻²²⁵/

/t͡sʰu⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ian¹¹/

/t͡sʰe³³ yiŋ³³/

/t͡sʰau²¹³⁻⁵⁵ ŋuoŋ⁵³/

/t͡sʰau²¹⁻⁵³ uan¹³/

/t͡sʰau²¹⁻⁵³ uan²⁴/

/t͡sʰau²¹⁻⁴¹ uan²³/

/t͡sʰau¹¹⁻⁵³ uan²⁴/

/t͡sʰau⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ ĩ²⁴/

/t͡sʰau²¹³⁻⁵⁵ ĩ⁵⁵/

(Cantonese, Pingxiang Gan, Hakka, Min) camphor ball; mothball


雞項

/kɐi̯⁵⁵ hɔːŋ²²⁻³⁵/

/kai³³ hɔŋ²¹⁻²¹⁵/

/kɐi̯⁵⁵ hɔːŋ²²⁻³⁵/

/kai³³ hɔŋ²¹⁻²¹⁵/

項 is from Proto-Tai *C̬.qɤːŋᴮ (“young hen”) (Li, 1990; Bauer, 1996). Compare Zhuang gaeqhangh, Bouyei gaishaangh.

(Cantonese, Pingxiang Gan) female chick that has not laid eggs


新郎公

/sin⁴⁴⁻³⁵ lɔŋ¹¹ kʊŋ⁴⁴/

/sin³³ l̃an¹³ kʊŋ³³/

/ɕin³³ l̃an¹³ kən³³/

/sin⁴⁴⁻³⁵ lɔŋ¹¹ kʊŋ⁴⁴/

/sin³³ l̃an¹³ kʊŋ³³/

/ɕin³³ l̃an¹³ kən³³/

(Southwestern Mandarin, dialectal Cantonese, Pingxiang Gan, Hakka, Zhongshan Min, Xiang) bridegroom


單徛人

/taːn⁵⁵ kʰei̯¹³ jɐn²¹⁻³⁵/

/taːn⁵⁵ kʰei̯¹³ jɐn²¹/

/tan⁴⁴ kʰi⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ŋin¹¹/

/tan⁵³ ki²⁴ ɲən²¹/

/tɑ³³ kɛ⁵⁵ n̠ʲiŋ³¹³/

/tan³³ t͡ɕʰi²¹⁻¹¹ ʐən¹³/

/taːn⁵⁵ kʰei̯¹³ jɐn²¹⁻³⁵/

/taːn⁵⁵ kʰei̯¹³ jɐn²¹/

/tan⁴⁴ kʰi⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ŋin¹¹/

/tan⁵³ ki²⁴ ɲən²¹/

/tɑ³³ kɛ⁵⁵ n̠ʲiŋ³¹³/

/tan³³ t͡ɕʰi²¹⁻¹¹ ʐən¹³/

单徛人
單企人
单徛人
單徛儂

(Cantonese, Pingxiang Gan, Hakka, Southern Pinghua, Jinhua Wu, Xiang) The Chinese character component 亻.


袋仔

/tʰoi̯⁵⁵ e³¹/

/tʰoɪ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ e³¹/

/te²²⁻²¹ a⁵³/

/tə²²⁻¹² a⁵³/

/tə⁴¹⁻²² a⁵⁵⁴/

/tʰoi̯⁵⁵ e³¹/

/tʰoɪ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ e³¹/

/te²²⁻²¹ a⁵³/

/tə²²⁻¹² a⁵³/

/tə⁴¹⁻²² a⁵⁵⁴/

1898, John Macgowan, A Manual of the Amoy Colloquial, 4th edition, Amoy: Chui Keng Tong, page 150:

Q. Do the Chinese have pockets in their clothes?
A. Originally they had not, but lately they are more common.

- Tn̂g-lâng ê saⁿ ū chòe tē-á bô
- Pún-jiân lóng bô taⁿ kūn-lâi khah ū

問唐人之衫有做袋仔否
答本然俱無今近來較有

问唐人之衫有做袋仔否
答本然俱无今近来较有

(Hakka, Pingxiang Gan, Northern Min, Hokkien) pocket (bag sewn into clothing)


碗帽

/uaŋ³³⁻⁵⁵ mɔ²⁴²/

/uã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ bo²²/

/uã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ bo³³/

/uã⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ bɤ³³/

/uaŋ³³⁻⁵⁵ mɔ²⁴²/

/uã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ bo²²/

/uã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ bo³³/

/uã⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ bɤ³³/

(Pingxiang Gan, Eastern Min, Hokkien) watermelon cap (Qing-era skullcap worn by men)


何解

/hɔː²¹ kaːi̯³⁵/

/hɔː²¹ kaːi̯³⁵/

何解會咯樣囉？

何解会咯样啰？

1998, 鮑厚星 et al. (editors), 長沙方言詞典, page 90

你何解不去上班唻？

你何解不去上班𫪁？

(Cantonese, Pingxiang Gan, Changsha Xiang) why; how come


叔仔

/sʊk̚⁵ t͡sɐi̯³⁵/

/sʊk̚⁵ t͡sɐi̯³⁵/

(Cantonese, dialectal Hakka, Dongshan Hokkien and Zhangping Hokkien, Northern Min, Central Min, Pingxiang Gan) brother-in-law (husband's younger brother)


褲頭

/kʰu⁵¹ tʰoʊ̯³⁵/

/kʰu⁵¹ tʰɤʊ̯ɻʷ³⁵/

/fuː³³ tʰɐu̯²¹/

/fu⁵³⁻⁵⁵ tʰeu¹¹/

/kʰu³³ tʰe³³/

/kʰɔ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ tʰau²⁴/

/kʰɔ²¹⁻⁴¹ tʰau²³/

/kʰɔ²¹⁻⁵³ tʰau¹³/

/kʰɔ²¹⁻⁵³ tʰau²⁴/

/kʰɔ¹¹⁻⁵³ tʰau²⁴/

/kʰou²¹³⁻⁵⁵ tʰau⁵⁵/

/kʰɛu²¹⁻⁵⁵ tʰau²²/

/kʰu³⁵ di̯ɤ⁴⁴/

/kʰu⁵¹ tʰoʊ̯³⁵/

/kʰu⁵¹ tʰɤʊ̯ɻʷ³⁵/

/fuː³³ tʰɐu̯²¹/

/fu⁵³⁻⁵⁵ tʰeu¹¹/

/kʰu³³ tʰe³³/

/kʰɔ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ tʰau²⁴/

/kʰɔ²¹⁻⁴¹ tʰau²³/

/kʰɔ²¹⁻⁵³ tʰau¹³/

/kʰɔ²¹⁻⁵³ tʰau²⁴/

/kʰɔ¹¹⁻⁵³ tʰau²⁴/

/kʰou²¹³⁻⁵⁵ tʰau⁵⁵/

/kʰɛu²¹⁻⁵⁵ tʰau²²/

/kʰu³⁵ di̯ɤ⁴⁴/

(Liuzhou Mandarin, Cantonese, Pingxiang Gan, Hakka, Min, Southern Pinghua, Loudi Xiang) waist of trousers


發酒癲

/faːt̚³ t͡sɐu̯³⁵ tiːn⁵⁵/

/ɸa̠²⁴ t͡si̯əu̯⁴¹ ti̯ẽ³³/

/ɸa̠²⁴ t͡ɕi̯əu̯⁴¹ ti̯ẽ³³/

/faːt̚³ t͡sɐu̯³⁵ tiːn⁵⁵/

/ɸa̠²⁴ t͡si̯əu̯⁴¹ ti̯ẽ³³/

/ɸa̠²⁴ t͡ɕi̯əu̯⁴¹ ti̯ẽ³³/

(Cantonese, Pingxiang Gan, Northern Min, Xiang) to act crazy from drinking too much alcohol; to be in a drunken fit


捉棋

/t͡sʊk̚⁵ kʰei̯²¹⁻³⁵/

/t͡sɔk̚¹ kʰi¹¹/

/t͡sʊk̚⁵ kʰei̯²¹⁻³⁵/

/t͡sɔk̚¹ kʰi¹¹/

(Cantonese, Pingxiang Gan, Hakka) to play chess


钁頭

/t͡ɕy̯ɛ³⁵ tʰoʊ̯³/

/t͡ɕyəʔ²⁻⁵⁴ tʰəu¹¹/

/t͡ɕy̯ɛ³⁵ tʰoʊ̯³/

/t͡ɕyəʔ²⁻⁵⁴ tʰəu¹¹/

(dialectal Cantonese, Pingxiang Gan, Hakka) hoe


蠶蟲

/t͡sʰaːm²¹ t͡sʰʊŋ²¹⁻³⁵/

/t͡sʰaːm²¹ t͡sʰʊŋ²¹⁻³⁵/

(Cantonese, Pinghua, Liuzhou Mandarin, Pingxiang Gan, Hainanese, Shibei Northern Min, Lechang Tuhua) silkworm


螞蟻子

ma³ yi²⁻¹ zi³⁻²

/ma⁵³ i²¹⁻⁵⁵ t͡sz̩⁵³⁻²¹/

/ma̠⁴¹ n̠ʲi²¹⁻¹¹ t͡sz̩³/

/ma̠⁴¹ n̠ʲi⁴⁵ t͡sz̩³/

/ma⁵³ i²¹⁻⁵⁵ t͡sz̩⁵³⁻²¹/

/ma̠⁴¹ n̠ʲi²¹⁻¹¹ t͡sz̩³/

/ma̠⁴¹ n̠ʲi⁴⁵ t͡sz̩³/


牙㿸

/ŋa̠¹³ man²¹⁻¹¹/

/ŋa̠¹³ man²¹⁻¹¹/

(Pingxiang Gan, Jiangxi Hakka, Changsha Xiang) dental plaque


擦板

/t͡sʰaʔ³³ pe⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰaʔ³³ pe⁴⁴/


雞毛眼

/t͡ɕi³³ mɒu̯¹³ ŋan⁴¹/

/t͡ɕi³³ mɒu̯¹³ ŋan⁴¹/

(Pingxiang Gan, Yudu Hakka, Xiang) night blindness


狐皮朥

/ɸu¹³ pʰi¹³ lɒu̯³³/

/ɸu¹³ pʰi¹³ lɒu̯³³/

(Xiang, Pingxiang Gan) body odour (especially in the armpit region)


牛蚊子

/nʲiəu²¹ uən²¹ t͡sz̩⁵³/

/n̠ʲi̯əu̯¹³ mən³³ t͡sz̩³/

/nʲiəu²¹ uən²¹ t͡sz̩⁵³/

/n̠ʲi̯əu̯¹³ mən³³ t͡sz̩³/

(Southwestern Mandarin, Pingxiang Gan, Southern Pinghua, Xiang) gadfly


二茶

/ɤ̞⁴⁵ t͡sa̠¹³/

/ɤ̞⁴⁵ t͡sa̠¹³/

(Pingxiang Gan, Changsha Xiang) second harvest of tea leaves of the year


地理先生

/tʰi⁵³⁻⁵⁵ li³¹ sin⁴⁴ saŋ⁴⁴/

/ti²⁴²⁻⁵³ l̃i³³⁽⁻²¹⁾ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾liŋ⁵⁵ nˡaŋ⁵⁵/

/ti²¹⁻¹¹ li⁴¹ si̯ẽ³³ sən³/

/ti²¹⁻¹¹ li⁴¹ ɕi̯ẽ³³ sən³/

/tʰi⁵³⁻⁵⁵ li³¹ sin⁴⁴ saŋ⁴⁴/

/ti²⁴²⁻⁵³ l̃i³³⁽⁻²¹⁾ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾liŋ⁵⁵ nˡaŋ⁵⁵/

/ti²¹⁻¹¹ li⁴¹ si̯ẽ³³ sən³/

/ti²¹⁻¹¹ li⁴¹ ɕi̯ẽ³³ sən³/

(Pingxiang Gan, Hakka, Huizhou, Eastern Min, Southern Pinghua, Xiang) fengshui master; geomancer


豆殼

/təu̯²¹⁻¹¹ kʰo²⁴/

/təu̯²¹⁻¹¹ kʰo²⁴/

(Pingxiang Gan, Southern Pinghua) outer casing of beans

outer casing of beans
outer casing of soybean


影子戲

/in⁴¹ t͡sz̩³ ɕi⁴⁵/

/in⁴¹ t͡sz̩³ ɕi⁴⁵/

(Yangzhou Mandarin, Pingxiang Gan, Xiang, Hangzhounese) shadow play; shadow puppets; leather-silhouette show


手指腦

/ʂəu̯⁴¹ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²⁴ lɒu̯⁴¹/

/səu̯⁴¹ t͡sz̩²⁴ lɒu̯⁴¹/

/ɕi̯u³³ t͡sz̩³³ nɑʊ̯³³/

/ʂəu̯⁴¹ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²⁴ lɒu̯⁴¹/

/səu̯⁴¹ t͡sz̩²⁴ lɒu̯⁴¹/

/ɕi̯u³³ t͡sz̩³³ nɑʊ̯³³/

(Pingxiang Gan, Shicheng Hakka, Xiang) finger


睏午覺

/kʰu̯ən⁴⁵ u⁴¹ kɒu̯⁴⁵/

/kʰu̯ən⁴⁵ u⁴¹ kɒu̯⁴⁵/

(Pingxiang Gan, Xiang) to take an afternoon nap; to take a nap after lunch


今年子

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ nʲiɛn²¹ t͡sz̩⁵³/

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ n̠ʲi³³ t͡sz̩²¹/

/t͡ɕin³³ n̠ʲi̯ẽ¹³ t͡sz̩³/

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ nʲiɛn²¹ t͡sz̩⁵³/

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ n̠ʲi³³ t͡sz̩²¹/

/t͡ɕin³³ n̠ʲi̯ẽ¹³ t͡sz̩³/

(dialectal Mandarin, Pingxiang Gan, Wu, Xiang) this year


兩爺崽

/li̯æn⁴¹ i̯a̠¹³ t͡sai̯⁴¹/

/li̯æn⁴¹ i̯a̠¹³ t͡sai̯⁴¹/

(Guiyang and Liuzhou Mandarin, Pingxiang Gan, Xiang) father and son


絲絞邊

/si³³ kɒu̯⁴¹ pi̯ẽ³³/

/ɕi³³ kɒu̯⁴¹ pi̯ẽ³³/

/si³³ kɒu̯⁴¹ pi̯ẽ³³/

/ɕi³³ kɒu̯⁴¹ pi̯ẽ³³/

(Pingxiang Gan, Xiang) The Chinese character component 糹／纟.


光洋

/ku̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ jɑŋ³⁵/

/ku̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ jɑŋ³⁵/

(dialectal, including Pingxiang Gan, Yudu Hakka, Liuzhou and Luoyang Mandarin, Nanning Pinghua, Xiang) silver dollar


香乾子

/ɕi̯æn³³ kan³³ t͡sz̩³/

/ɕi̯æn³³ kan³³ t͡sz̩³/

(Pingxiang Gan, Xiang) dougan; dried tofu


老弟嫂

/lɒu̯⁴¹ ti²¹⁻¹¹ sɒu̯⁴¹/

/lɒu̯⁴¹ ti²¹⁻¹¹ sɒu̯⁴¹/

(Liuzhou Mandarin, Pingxiang Gan, Dabu Hakka, Xiang) sister-in-law (younger brother's wife)


老鼠子

/lɒu̯⁴¹ ɕy⁴¹ t͡sz̩³/

/lɒu̯⁴¹ ɕy⁴¹ t͡sz̩³/

(dialectal Mandarin, Pingxiang Gan, dialectal Pinghua, Xiang) mouse; rat


外前

/uai²¹³ t͡ɕʰiɛn²¹/

/uai²¹³ t͡ɕʰiɛn²¹⁻⁵⁵/

/ŋyɛ⁵⁵ t͡sʰiŋ³³/

/uai²¹³ t͡ɕʰiɛn²¹/

/uai²¹³ t͡ɕʰiɛn²¹⁻⁵⁵/

/ŋyɛ⁵⁵ t͡sʰiŋ³³/

(dialectal Mandarin, Pingxiang Gan, Northern Min, Xiang) outside; exterior


蟋蟀仔

/si(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ sut̚³²⁻⁴ a⁵³/

/si(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ sut̚³²⁻⁴ a⁵³/

(Pingxiang Gan, Hakka, Taiwanese Hokkien) cricket (insect)


鵝公

/ŋo¹¹ kuŋ²⁴/

/ŋo¹¹ kʊŋ⁴⁴/

/ŋo¹¹ kuŋ²⁴/

/ŋo¹¹ kʊŋ⁴⁴/


妹郎

/mɛ⁵⁵ sɔŋ³³/

/mei̯²¹³⁻³¹ lan⁴⁴⁵/

/mɛ⁵⁵ sɔŋ³³/

/mei̯²¹³⁻³¹ lan⁴⁴⁵/

(Pingxiang Gan, Yudu Hakka, Northern Min, Hengyang Xiang) brother-in-law (younger sister's husband)


鳥窠

/tiɔ³³ kʰu⁴⁴/

/n̠ʲiɔ³³ kʰu⁴⁴/

/tiɔ³³ kʰu⁴⁴/

/n̠ʲiɔ³³ kʰu⁴⁴/

(Pingxiang Gan, Huizhou, Wu) bird's nest


出柩

/t͡ɕʰy²⁴ t͡ɕi̯əu̯⁴⁵/

/t͡ɕʰy²⁴ t͡ɕi̯əu̯⁴⁵/

(Pingxiang Gan, Hakka, Xiang) to hold a funeral procession


後年子

/xəu²¹³ nʲiɛn²¹ t͡sz̩⁵³/

/ɦɤ²² n̠ʲi⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹/

/xəu²¹³ nʲiɛn²¹ t͡sz̩⁵³/

/ɦɤ²² n̠ʲi⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹/

(Sichuanese, Yangzhou Mandarin, Pingxiang Gan, Northern Wu) the year after next


前年子

/t͡ɕʰiɛn²¹ nʲiɛn²¹ t͡sz̩⁵³/

/ʑi²² n̠ʲi⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹/

/t͡ɕʰiɛn²¹ nʲiɛn²¹ t͡sz̩⁵³/

/ʑi²² n̠ʲi⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹/

(dialectal Mandarin, Pingxiang Gan, Wu, Xiang) the year before last


狗窠

/kɤ³³ kʰu⁴⁴/

/kɤ³³ kʰu⁴⁴/

(Wuhan Mandarin, Pingxiang Gan, Huizhou, Wu, Loudi Xiang) kennel; doghouse


舊年子

/d͡ʑiɤ²² n̠ʲi⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹/

/d͡ʑiɤ²² n̠ʲi⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹/

(dialectal Mandarin, Pingxiang Gan, Wu) last year


卵毛

(Wu, Pingxiang Gan, Zhongshan Min) male pubic hair


燕子窠

/i³³ t͡sz̩⁵⁵ kʰu²¹/

/i³³ t͡sz̩⁵⁵ kʰu²¹/


嘴巴臭

(Southwestern Mandarin, Pingxiang Gan) bad breath; halitosis


別人家

/pieʔ⁵ ʐə̃ t͡ɕia³¹/

/pʰɛt̚⁵ ŋin¹¹ ka⁴⁴/

/biɪʔ¹¹ n̠ʲin²² ka²³/

/bəʔ¹¹ n̠ʲin²² ka²³/

/pieʔ⁵ ʐə̃ t͡ɕia³¹/

/pʰɛt̚⁵ ŋin¹¹ ka⁴⁴/

/biɪʔ¹¹ n̠ʲin²² ka²³/

/bəʔ¹¹ n̠ʲin²² ka²³/

(Nanjing Mandarin, Pingxiang Gan, Hakka, Huizhou, Wu) others; other people


雙抱耳

/ɕy̯æn³³ pɒu̯²¹⁻¹¹ ɤ̞⁴¹/

/sɔŋ⁴⁴ bɤ¹¹⁻¹ i̯e̞¹¹⁻¹/

/ɕy̯æn³³ pɒu̯²¹⁻¹¹ ɤ̞⁴¹/

/sɔŋ⁴⁴ bɤ¹¹⁻¹ i̯e̞¹¹⁻¹/

(Liuzhou Mandarin, Pingxiang Gan, Xiang) The Chinese character component 阝 (on either side of the character).


圞襠褲

/lõ¹³ tan³³ kʰu⁴⁵/

/lõ¹³ tan³³ kʰu⁴⁵/

(Pingxiang Gan, Xiang) pants without a slit in the crotch


上前年

/saŋ²¹³ t͡ɕʰiɛn²¹ nʲiɛn²¹/

/saŋ²¹³ t͡ɕʰiɛn²¹ nʲiɛn²¹/

(Southwestern Mandarin, Pingxiang Gan) three years ago


櫼隊

/t͡siːm⁵⁵ tɵy̯²²⁻³⁵/

/t͡siam⁴⁴⁻³⁵ tuɪ⁵³/

/t͡siːm⁵⁵ tɵy̯²²⁻³⁵/

/t͡siam⁴⁴⁻³⁵ tuɪ⁵³/

(Cantonese, Hakka, Teochew, Hainanese, Pingxiang Gan) to cut in line; to jump the queue


八字鬚

(Pingxiang Gan, Hakka, Pinghua, Wu) hanging moustache; moustache shaped like the character 八 (bā, “eight”)


野物

/i̯a̠⁴¹ u²⁴/

/i̯ɔ⁴² u³⁵⁻⁵/

/i̯a̠⁴¹ u²⁴/

/i̯ɔ⁴² u³⁵⁻⁵/

(Sichuanese, Pingxiang Gan, Changsha and Loudi Xiang) wild animal; wild beast


癲子

/ti̯ɛn⁵⁵ d͡z̥z̩²/

/ti̯ẽ³³ t͡sz̩³/

/ti̯ɛn⁵⁵ d͡z̥z̩²/

/ti̯ẽ³³ t͡sz̩³/

(dialectal Mandarin, Pingxiang Gan, Xiang) madman; madwoman; lunatic; crazy person (Classifier: 個／个 m)


線車

/si̯ẽ⁴⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤ̞³³/

/ɕi̯ẽ⁴⁵ t͡sʰɤ̞³³/

/si̯ẽ⁴⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤ̞³³/

/ɕi̯ẽ⁴⁵ t͡sʰɤ̞³³/

(Pingxiang Gan, dated in Hubei Mandarin, Xiang) bicycle


打尿噤

/ta̠⁴¹ n̠ʲi̯ɒu̯²¹⁻¹¹ t͡ɕin²¹⁻¹¹/

/ta̠⁴¹ n̠ʲi̯ɒu̯²¹⁻¹¹ t͡ɕin²¹⁻¹¹/

(Southwestern Mandarin, Pingxiang Gan, Xiang) to shiver while peeing


打屁蟲

/ta⁵³ pʰi²¹³ t͡sʰoŋ²¹/

/ta̠⁴¹ pʰi⁴⁵ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ¹³/

/ta̠⁴¹ pʰi⁴⁵ t͡sən¹³/

/ta⁵³ pʰi²¹³ t͡sʰoŋ²¹/

/ta̠⁴¹ pʰi⁴⁵ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ¹³/

/ta̠⁴¹ pʰi⁴⁵ t͡sən¹³/

(Guiyang Mandarin, Pingxiang Gan, Yudu Hakka, Xiang) stinkbug


豹虎

/pau⁵³⁻⁵⁵ fu³¹/

/pau⁵³⁻⁵⁵ fu³¹/


盤底

/pʰän³⁵ ti²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pʰuːn²¹ tɐi̯³⁵/

/pʰän³⁵ ti²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pʰuːn²¹ tɐi̯³⁵/

(Pingxiang Gan, Northern Min, Jinhua Wu) to take stock; to make an inventory of


後腦殼

/xəɯ⁴⁴ lɔ¹¹ kʰoʔ⁵/

/xəu̯²¹⁻¹¹ lɒu̯⁴¹ kʰo²⁴/

/ɣ̊ɘu̯²¹³⁻³¹ nɑʊ̯³³ kʰo²²/

/xəɯ⁴⁴ lɔ¹¹ kʰoʔ⁵/

/xəu̯²¹⁻¹¹ lɒu̯⁴¹ kʰo²⁴/

/ɣ̊ɘu̯²¹³⁻³¹ nɑʊ̯³³ kʰo²²/

(dialectal Mandarin, Pingxiang Gan, Hainanese, Xiang) back of the head


貓婆子

/mɒu̯³³ po¹³ t͡sz̩³/

/mɒu̯³³ po¹³ t͡sz̩³/

(Pingxiang Gan, Xiang) tabby; female cat


見氣

/t͡ɕi⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi²¹/

/t͡ɕɪ⁵² t͡ɕʰi¹¹/

/t͡ɕi̯ẽ⁴⁵ t͡ɕʰi⁴⁵/

/t͡ɕi⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi²¹/

/t͡ɕɪ⁵² t͡ɕʰi¹¹/

/t͡ɕi̯ẽ⁴⁵ t͡ɕʰi⁴⁵/

(Yangzhou Mandarin, Pingxiang Gan, Huizhou, Wu, Xiang) to be angry; to get upset; to be mad


動棋

/tɔŋ⁴² ki²¹/

/tʊŋ²¹⁻¹¹ t͡ɕi¹³/

/tən²¹⁻¹¹ t͡ɕi¹³/

/tɔŋ⁴² ki²¹/

/tʊŋ²¹⁻¹¹ t͡ɕi¹³/

/tən²¹⁻¹¹ t͡ɕi¹³/

(Liuzhou Mandarin, Pingxiang Gan, Yudu Hakka, Northern Min, Pinghua, Xiang) to play chess


騎馬布

/d͡ʑi²² mo⁵⁵ pu²¹/

/d͡ʑi²² mo⁵⁵ pu²¹/

(Luoyang Mandarin, Pingxiang Gan, Yudu Hakka, Huizhou, Wu) sanitary belt (narrow belt to hold a sanitary napkin in place)


孫嫂

(Hakka, dialectal Cantonese, Pingxiang Gan, Taiwanese Hokkien) granddaughter-in-law (grandson's wife)


狗毛蟲

/kɐu̯³⁵ mou̯²¹ t͡sʰʊŋ²¹/

/kɐu̯³⁵ mou̯²¹ t͡sʰʊŋ²¹/

(Cantonese, Pinghua, Pingxiang Gan) caterpillar


討親

(Pingxiang Gan, Taiwanese Hakka, Huizhou, Eastern Min, dialectal Wu, dialectal Xiang) to take a wife


瓶蓋子

/pʰĩ²⁴ kɛ⁴⁴ t͡sz̩/

/pʰĩ²⁴ kɛ⁴⁴ t͡sz̩/

(dialectal Mandarin, Pingxiang Gan, Xinzhou Jin) bottle cap


姪新婦

侄新妇
侄新婦
姪新妇
姪新抱
姪心抱
侄新抱
侄心抱

/t͡sɐt̚² sɐn⁵⁵ pʰou̯¹³/

/tiʔ⁵⁻²¹ siŋ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ⁽ᵖ⁻⁾mou²⁴²/

/t͡sɐt̚² sɐn⁵⁵ pʰou̯¹³/

/tiʔ⁵⁻²¹ siŋ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ⁽ᵖ⁻⁾mou²⁴²/

(Cantonese, Eastern Min, Pingxiang Gan, Huizhou, Danyang Wu) nephew's wife (brother's son's wife)


契崽

(Pingxiang Gan, Southern Pinghua) godson


隨母下堂

/se̞i̯¹³ mo⁴¹ ɕi̯a̠²¹⁻¹¹ tan¹³/

/se̞i̯¹³ mo⁴¹ ɕi̯a̠²¹⁻¹¹ tan¹³/

(Liuzhou Mandarin, Pingxiang Gan, Changsha Xiang) to go with a remarried mother (of a small child)


綠豆子

/ləu̯²⁴ təu̯²¹⁻¹¹ t͡sz̩³/

/ləu̯²⁴ təu̯²¹⁻¹¹ t͡sz̩³/

(dialectal Mandarin, Pingxiang Gan, Sichuan Hakka, Changsha Xiang, Dong'an Tuhua) mung bean