虪

(obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) black tiger


豹

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (豹):
* → Japanese: 豹(ひょう) (hyō)
* → Vietnamese: báo (豹)

→ Proto-Vietic: *pɛːw

Vietnamese: beo

→ Zhuang: beuq

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *preːwɢs): semantic 豸 (“beast; creature”) + phonetic 勺 (OC *pljewɢ, *bljewɢ). Pictogram (象形) in the oracle bone script.
Exopassive derivative of 駁 (OC *praːwɢ, “piebald (horse)”), literally "the spotted one"; ultimately from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *prawk (“piebald; speckled”). (Schuessler, 2007; STEDT).

der

The steeds of the Son of Heaven could run a thousand li (a day) faster than any wild beast (or any) man; the hounds of the Son of Heaven could run a hundred li (a day) and they were able to seize tigers and leopards.

The Tale of King Mu, Son of Heaven, c. 370 – 330 BCE, translated based on E. J. Eitel's version

Tiānzǐ zhī mǎ zǒu qiān lǐ, shèng rén měngshòu. Tiānzǐ zhī gǒu zǒu bǎi lǐ, zhí hǔbào.

天子之馬走千里，勝人猛獸。天子之狗走百里，執虎豹。

天子之马走千里，胜人猛兽。天子之狗走百里，执虎豹。

2015, 許明傑, “唉呦我的媽”, in 《一寸心》, performed by 蔡秋鳳 [Kerris Tsai]:

hó͘ pà sai kah chhiūⁿ ta̍k-ke sio-chiⁿ khòaⁿ

虎豹獅甲象大家相爭看

虎豹狮甲象大家相争看

Panthera pardus
Panthera pardus#Translingual

leopard; panther (often more specifically Panthera pardus) (Classifier: 隻／只 m c mn mn-t; 頭／头 m; 匹 m)


老虎

/lɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ xu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ŋɔu¹³ fu³⁵/

/lau²¹³⁻²⁴ ˈfu²¹³/

/lo²⁴⁻³³ fu²⁴/

/lau⁵³⁻¹¹ xu⁵³/

/l̃au²⁴²⁻⁵³ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾u³³/

/lau¹¹ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ɔu⁴⁵³/

/lau²¹ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ɔu³³²/

/lau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hɔ⁵³/

/lau⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ hɔ⁵⁵⁴/

/lau³³⁻²¹ hɔ⁴¹/

/lau²²⁻²¹ hɔ⁴²/

/lau²¹ hɔ⁴⁴⁵/

/lau³³⁻¹¹ hɔ⁵³/

/lau³⁵⁻¹¹ hõũ⁵²/

/liou³⁵⁻¹¹ hõũ⁵²/

/læ²² həu³³/

/lɒu̯⁴¹ ɸu³/

/lɑʊ̯³³ fu³³/

/lɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ xu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ŋɔu¹³ fu³⁵/

/lau²¹³⁻²⁴ ˈfu²¹³/

/lo²⁴⁻³³ fu²⁴/

/lau⁵³⁻¹¹ xu⁵³/

/l̃au²⁴²⁻⁵³ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾u³³/

/lau¹¹ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ɔu⁴⁵³/

/lau²¹ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ɔu³³²/

/lau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hɔ⁵³/

/lau⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ hɔ⁵⁵⁴/

/lau³³⁻²¹ hɔ⁴¹/

/lau²²⁻²¹ hɔ⁴²/

/lau²¹ hɔ⁴⁴⁵/

/lau³³⁻¹¹ hɔ⁵³/

/lau³⁵⁻¹¹ hõũ⁵²/

/liou³⁵⁻¹¹ hõũ⁵²/

/læ²² həu³³/

/lɒu̯⁴¹ ɸu³/

/lɑʊ̯³³ fu³³/

老 (lǎo, “old; venerable”) is used to indicate respect for the dangerous animal, which is subject to taboo. Compare ancient Chu dialect 於菟.

fight against both high-ranking and low-ranking corrupt officials at the same time

beat both tigers and flies at the same time

老虎蒼蠅一起打

老虎苍蝇一起打

(Mainland China, figurative) one who uses one's power and influence to engage in large-scale embezzlement, theft or tax evasion; high-ranking corrupt officials


獅子

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (獅子):
* → Japanese: 獅子(しし) (shishi)
* → Korean: 사자(獅子) (saja)
* → Vietnamese: sư tử (獅子)

→ Bouyei: siyzij

→ English: Shih Tzu

ja-r

シーズー (shīzū)

→ Japanese: シーズー (shīzū)

→ Zhuang: saeceij

/ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ d͡z̥z̩²/

/sz̩⁵⁵ t͡sz̩⁵³/

/sz̩²⁴ t͡sz̩²⁴/

/siː⁵⁵ t͡siː³⁵/

/sz̩¹¹ t͡səʔ²/

/sai⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡su⁵³/

/sai⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡su⁴¹/

/sz̩⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹/

/sz̩⁴⁴⁵ t͡sz̩³/

/ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ d͡z̥z̩²/

/sz̩⁵⁵ t͡sz̩⁵³/

/sz̩²⁴ t͡sz̩²⁴/

/siː⁵⁵ t͡siː³⁵/

/sz̩¹¹ t͡səʔ²/

/sai⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡su⁵³/

/sai⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡su⁴¹/

/sz̩⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹/

/sz̩⁴⁴⁵ t͡sz̩³/

Quickly change the fengshui; let's install a pair of foo dogs at the entrance.

Gǎnkuài gǎigǎi fēngshuǐ, zài ménkǒu ānzhuāng yī duì shīzi ba.

趕快改改風水，在門口安裝一對獅子吧。

赶快改改风水，在门口安装一对狮子吧。

Some factories or big stores would put a pair of large foo dogs, and where the foo dogs are put may not be shafang. At this time, foo dogs would create the power of bringing wealth in.

2005, 菜夫子, 《家居的奧秘》

Yīxiē gōngchǎng huò dàxíng diànpù, dōu huì bǎifàng yī duì dà shīzi, ér bǎifàng shīzi de dìfang, wèibì shì shàfāng, zhèshí, shīzi biàn huì chǎnshēng zhāocái de lìliàng.

一些工廠或大型店鋪，都會擺放一對大獅子，而擺放獅子的地方，未必是煞方，這時，獅子便會產生招財的力量。

2005, 菜夫子, 《家居的奧秘》

一些工厂或大型店铺，都会摆放一对大狮子，而摆放狮子的地方，未必是煞方，这时，狮子便会产生招财的力量。

In the Qing dynasty, only the royalty and nobility or officials of certain high ranks could put foo dogs at their entrance, otherwise foo dogs were only put in "honourable" places such as the entrance of a yamen.

Zài Qīngdài, zhǐyǒu shēnwéi huángjiā guìzú huò guān zhì mǒu gāo pǐnjí cái kěyǐ zài ménkǒu fàng shīzi, fǒuzé zhǐyǒu zài guānyá mén děng “zūnguì” zhī dì cái kě fàng shīzi.

在清代，只有身為皇家貴族或官至某高品級才可以在門口放獅子，否則只有在官衙門等「尊貴」之地才可放獅子。

在清代，只有身为皇家贵族或官至某高品级才可以在门口放狮子，否则只有在官衙门等「尊贵」之地才可放狮子。

(architecture) short for 石獅子／石狮子 (shíshīzi, “foo dog”)


獅子

/ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ d͡z̥z̩²/

/sz̩⁵⁵ t͡sz̩⁵³/

/sz̩²⁴ t͡sz̩²⁴/

/siː⁵⁵ t͡siː³⁵/

/sz̩¹¹ t͡səʔ²/

/sai⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡su⁵³/

/sai⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡su⁴¹/

/sz̩⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹/

/sz̩⁴⁴⁵ t͡sz̩³/

/ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ d͡z̥z̩²/

/sz̩⁵⁵ t͡sz̩⁵³/

/sz̩²⁴ t͡sz̩²⁴/

/siː⁵⁵ t͡siː³⁵/

/sz̩¹¹ t͡səʔ²/

/sai⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡su⁵³/

/sai⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡su⁴¹/

/sz̩⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹/

/sz̩⁴⁴⁵ t͡sz̩³/

(astrology, astronomy) short for 獅子座／狮子座 (Shīzizuò, “Leo”)


豹子

/pɑʊ̯⁵¹ d͡z̥z̩¹/

/pɔ⁴⁴ t͡sz̩⁰/

/pɔ⁴⁴ t͡sz̩²⁴/

/pʰaːu̯³³ t͡siː³⁵/

/pɑʊ̯³²⁴⁻³¹ t͡sz̩³/

/pɑʊ̯⁵¹ d͡z̥z̩¹/

/pɔ⁴⁴ t͡sz̩⁰/

/pɔ⁴⁴ t͡sz̩²⁴/

/pʰaːu̯³³ t͡siː³⁵/

/pɑʊ̯³²⁴⁻³¹ t͡sz̩³/


獅虎

/ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ xu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/siː⁵⁵ fuː³⁵/

/ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ xu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/siː⁵⁵ fuː³⁵/


美洲豹

/meɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵ pɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/mei̯¹³ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵ pʰaːu̯³³/

/meɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵ pɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/mei̯¹³ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵ pʰaːu̯³³/


雌虎

/t͡sʰz̩³⁵ xu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʰz̩⁵⁵ xu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʰiː⁵⁵ fuː³⁵/

/t͡sʰz̩³⁵ xu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʰz̩⁵⁵ xu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʰiː⁵⁵ fuː³⁵/


山君

/ʂän⁵⁵ t͡ɕyn⁵⁵/

/ʂän⁵⁵ t͡ɕyn⁵⁵/


波羅

/pu̯ɔ⁵⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵/

/pɔː⁵⁵ lɔː²¹/

/pu̯ɔ⁵⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵/

/pɔː⁵⁵ lɔː²¹/

(dialectal Mandarin) wooden fish (Buddhist wooden percussion instrument)


於菟

/wuː⁵⁵ tʰou̯²¹/

/ɔ⁴⁴⁻²² tʰɔ²¹/

/wuː⁵⁵ tʰou̯²¹/

/ɔ⁴⁴⁻²² tʰɔ²¹/

於 is a prefix to indicate respect for the dangerous animal; compare 老 (lǎo, “old; venerable”) in 老虎 (lǎohǔ, “tiger”) (Schuessler, 2007). Alternatively, it may reflect the k initial in the Mon-Khmer etymon (Norman and Mei, 1976).
菟 is from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *k-la (“tiger”), from Proto-Austroasiatic *kla(ː)ʔ (“tiger”). Cognate with 虎 (OC *qʰlaːʔ, “tiger”).

A tigress suckled him. … Chu people call "to suckle" gǔ and call a tiger wūtú; therefore, he was named Dòu Gǔwūtú, which is to say "Suckled-by-a-Tigress Dòu".

Hǔ rǔ zhī....... Chǔrén wèi rǔ gǔ, wèi hǔ wūtú, gù mìng zhī yuē Dòu Gǔwūtú.

虎乳之。……楚人謂乳穀，謂虎於菟，故命之曰鬬穀於菟。

虎乳之。……楚人谓乳谷，谓虎於菟，故命之曰鬬谷於菟。


孟加拉虎

ㄇㄥˋ ㄐㄧㄚ ㄌㄚ ㄏㄨˇ

ㄇㄥˋ ㄐㄧㄚ ㄌㄚ ㄏㄨˇ

/mɤŋ⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ lä⁵⁵ xu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/maːŋ²² kaː⁵⁵ laːi̯⁵⁵ fuː³⁵/

/mɤŋ⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ lä⁵⁵ xu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/maːŋ²² kaː⁵⁵ laːi̯⁵⁵ fuː³⁵/


印度虎

/in⁵¹⁻⁵³ tu⁵¹ xu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/in⁵¹⁻⁵³ tu⁵¹ xu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


金錢豹

ㄐㄧㄣ ㄑㄧㄢˊ ㄅㄠˋ

ㄐㄧㄣ ㄑㄧㄢˊ ㄅㄠˋ

цзиньцяньбао

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn³⁵ pɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/kɐm⁵⁵ t͡sʰiːn²¹ pʰaːu̯³³/

/kim⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sĩ²³⁻³³ pa²¹/

/kim⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sĩ²⁴⁻²² pa²¹/

/kim⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sĩ²⁴⁻¹¹ pa¹¹/

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ ʑi³³ pɔ²¹/

/t͡ɕin³³ t͡ɕi̯ẽ¹³ pɒu̯⁴⁵/

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn³⁵ pɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/kɐm⁵⁵ t͡sʰiːn²¹ pʰaːu̯³³/

/kim⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sĩ²³⁻³³ pa²¹/

/kim⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sĩ²⁴⁻²² pa²¹/

/kim⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sĩ²⁴⁻¹¹ pa¹¹/

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ ʑi³³ pɔ²¹/

/t͡ɕin³³ t͡ɕi̯ẽ¹³ pɒu̯⁴⁵/


華南虎

ㄏㄨㄚˊ ㄋㄢˊ ㄏㄨˇ

ㄏㄨㄚˊ ㄋㄢˊ ㄏㄨˇ

/xu̯ä³⁵ nän³⁵ xu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/waː²¹ naːm²¹ fuː³⁵/

/xu̯ä³⁵ nän³⁵ xu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/waː²¹ naːm²¹ fuː³⁵/

South China tiger, Panthera tigris amoyensis


東北虎

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ xu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ pɐk̚⁵ fuː³⁵/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ xu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ pɐk̚⁵ fuː³⁵/

Panthera tigris altaica
Panthera tigris altaica#Translingual

Siberian tiger (Panthera tigris altaica)


裡海虎

/li²¹⁴⁻³⁵ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ xu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/li²¹⁴⁻³⁵ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ xu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Panthera tigris virgata
Panthera tigris virgata#Translingual


大貓

/tä⁵¹ mɑʊ̯⁵⁵/

/tai̯²¹⁻¹¹ mɒu̯³³/

/tä⁵¹ mɑʊ̯⁵⁵/

/tai̯²¹⁻¹¹ mɒu̯³³/

(Jiahe Southwestern Mandarin; Yangjiang Yue; Changsha Xiang; dialectal Wu, including Wenzhounese) tiger

Jiahe Southwestern Mandarin; including Wenzhounese; Jiahe Southwestern Mandarin; including Wenzhounese


母老虎

/mu²¹⁴⁻³⁵ lɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ xu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/mo⁴¹ lɒu̯⁴¹ ɸu⁴¹/

/mu²¹⁴⁻³⁵ lɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ xu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/mo⁴¹ lɒu̯⁴¹ ɸu⁴¹/


母虎

/mu²¹⁴⁻³⁵ xu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/mu²¹⁴⁻³⁵ xu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


老虎乸

/lou̯¹³ fuː³⁵ naː³⁵/

/lou̯¹³ fuː³⁵ naː³⁵/


老虎母

/l̃au²⁴²⁻²¹ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾u³³⁻³⁵ mo³³/

/lau³⁵⁻¹¹ hõũ⁵²⁻³⁵ bo⁵²⁻²¹/

/l̃au²⁴²⁻²¹ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾u³³⁻³⁵ mo³³/

/lau³⁵⁻¹¹ hõũ⁵²⁻³⁵ bo⁵²⁻²¹/

(Eastern Min, Zhongshan Min) shrew; vixen


老蟲

/lau³⁵⁻¹¹ tʰaŋ⁵⁵/

/lɔ²² zoŋ⁴⁴/

/læ²² zoŋ³³/

/lɒu̯⁴¹ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ¹³/

/lɒu̯⁴¹ t͡sən¹³/

/lau³⁵⁻¹¹ tʰaŋ⁵⁵/

/lɔ²² zoŋ⁴⁴/

/læ²² zoŋ³³/

/lɒu̯⁴¹ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ¹³/

/lɒu̯⁴¹ t͡sən¹³/

(Yinchuan Mandarin, Northern Wu) mouse; rat


老蟲

/lau³⁵⁻¹¹ tʰaŋ⁵⁵/

/lɔ²² zoŋ⁴⁴/

/læ²² zoŋ³³/

/lɒu̯⁴¹ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ¹³/

/lɒu̯⁴¹ t͡sən¹³/

/lau³⁵⁻¹¹ tʰaŋ⁵⁵/

/lɔ²² zoŋ⁴⁴/

/læ²² zoŋ³³/

/lɒu̯⁴¹ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ¹³/

/lɒu̯⁴¹ t͡sən¹³/


貓貓

/niãu⁴⁴⁻³³ ba²⁴/

/niãu⁴⁴⁻³³ ba²³/

/niãu⁴⁴⁻²² ba²⁴/

/niãu⁴⁴⁻³³ ba²⁴/

/niãu⁴⁴⁻³³ ba²³/

/niãu⁴⁴⁻²² ba²⁴/

猫猫
猫猫
貓媌
猫猫
媌貓

Mustela sibirica
Mustela sibirica#Translingual

(Yongchun Hokkien) Siberian weasel (Mustela sibirica)


大貓兒

/ta²¹³ mɚ⁵⁵/

/ta²¹³ mɚ⁵⁵/


豹仔

/pau⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ʋe³¹/

/pau⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ʋe³¹/

(dialectal Cantonese, Hakka, Zhao'an Hokkien) leopard


豹虎

/pau⁵³⁻⁵⁵ fu³¹/

/pau⁵³⁻⁵⁵ fu³¹/


黑豹

/xeɪ̯⁵⁵ pɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/xeɪ̯⁵⁵ pɑʊ̯⁵¹/

(countable) black panther (Classifier: 隻／只 m; 頭／头 m)


美洲虎

/meɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵ xu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/mei̯¹³ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵ fuː³⁵/

/meɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵ xu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/mei̯¹³ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵ fuː³⁵/