尕

Wutunhua: ga

Ideogrammic compound (會意 /会意): 乃 (“breast; milk”) + 小 (“small”) – a suckling infant (small).

Han compound

(Central Plains and Lanyin Mandarin) small


歪

Originally written as 竵. In its current form, an ideogrammic compound (會意 /会意): 不 (“not”) + 正 (“straight; proper”).

(Central Plains and Lanyin Mandarin, Sichuanese) fierce; malicious; overbearing


號

→ Zhuang: heuh, hauh

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *ɦlaːw, *ɦlaːws): phonetic 号 (OC *ɦlaːws) + semantic 虎 (“tiger”).
Originally an ideogram (指事) of a tiger and a line representing its roar, hence exhaled air while roaring. Later forms added 口 (“mouth”) or 言 (“speech”) to emphasize the act of crying or calling. The original meaning was "to roar; to shout". 号 derives from 口 and the line 丂.
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *(g/k)aw (“to call”) (Schuessler, 2007, STEDT). Compare Kinnauri ku, Anong go, and Burmese ခေါ် (hkau). The extension of the meaning ‘shout, call’ to ‘ask, request’ is parallel to 呼 (hū).
Pronunciation 1 is the exopassive derivation of pronunciation 2, literally "what is called".

Han compound

(Central Plains and Lanyin Mandarin, Sichuanese) to correct; to mark (school work)


費

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *prɯds, *pʰɯds, *bɯds): phonetic 弗 (OC *pɯd) + semantic 貝 (“cowry”).

Han compound

(Jilu, Lanyin, Jianghuai and Southwestern Mandarin, dialectal Jin, dialectal Wu) naughty; mischievous


騷

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *suː): semantic 馬 (“horse”) + phonetic 蚤 (OC *ʔsuːʔ). Sense “grieved, sad” is a phonetic loan.
; to harass, to bother
; grieved, sad

Han compound

Children, sit tight, stop mucking around.

Wáwa men hǎohāor zuò zhe, zài biáo sāo le.

娃娃們好好坐者，再嫑騷了。

娃娃们好好坐者，再嫑骚了。


猴子

/xoʊ̯³⁵ d͡z̥z̩³/

/xəu²¹ t͡sz̩⁵³/

/xəɯ²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sz̩/

/hɐu̯²¹ t͡siː³⁵/

/xəu̯¹³ t͡sz̩³/

/ɣ̊ɘu̯¹¹ t͡sz̩³/

/xoʊ̯³⁵ d͡z̥z̩³/

/xəu²¹ t͡sz̩⁵³/

/xəɯ²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sz̩/

/hɐu̯²¹ t͡siː³⁵/

/xəu̯¹³ t͡sz̩³/

/ɣ̊ɘu̯¹¹ t͡sz̩³/

(Central Plains and Lanyin Mandarin, dialectal Gan, dialectal Hakka, dialectal Jin) praying mantis


瓜子

/ku̯ä⁵⁵ d͡z̥z̩²/

/ku̯ä⁵⁵ d͡z̥z̩²/

(obsolete or Central Plains and Lanyin Mandarin) stupid person; idiot


娘老子

/ni̯ɑŋ³⁵ lɑʊ̯²¹⁴ d͡z̥z̩⁴/

/n̠ʲiæ̃²² lɔ⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹/

/n̠ʲi̯æn¹³ lɒu̯⁴¹ t͡sz̩³/

/ni̯ɔŋ¹³ lɤ⁴²⁻¹ t͡sz̩³/

/ni̯ɑŋ³⁵ lɑʊ̯²¹⁴ d͡z̥z̩⁴/

/n̠ʲiæ̃²² lɔ⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹/

/n̠ʲi̯æn¹³ lɒu̯⁴¹ t͡sz̩³/

/ni̯ɔŋ¹³ lɤ⁴²⁻¹ t͡sz̩³/

(Jianghuai, Lanyin and Southwestern Mandarin, Huizhou, dialectal Jin, dialectal Wu) mother and father; parents


嘎斯

Borrowed from Dutch gas, via Japanese 瓦斯(ガス) (gasu), Uyghur گاز (gaz, “gas”) or Russian газ (gaz, “gas”). Compare 瓦斯 (wǎsī).

(Jiaoliao, Lanyin, Central Plains and Northeastern Mandarin) fuel gas


二天

/ˀɤɻ⁵¹ tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/ɚ²¹³ tʰiɛn⁵⁵/

/ˀɤɻ⁵¹ tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/ɚ²¹³ tʰiɛn⁵⁵/

(Central Plains, Lanyin and Southwestern Mandarin) afterwards; some other time

Central Plains; Lanyin and Southwestern Mandarin; Central Plains; Lanyin and Southwestern Mandarin


阿爺

/aː³³ jɛː²¹/

/aː³³ jɛː²¹/

GT - General Taiwanese (no particular region identified)

>< - face-to-face; <> - non-face-to-face

paternal grandfather
paternal grandfather

(Central Plains, Lanyin and Southwestern Mandarin, Cantonese, Zhejiang Wu) paternal grandfather

maternal grandfather
maternal grandfather


吃嘴

/ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵⁵ t͡su̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵⁵ t͡su̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(Central Plains and Lanyin Mandarin) to eat snacks


靈光

/liŋ³⁵ ku̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/lɪŋ²¹ kʷɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/liɪŋ²⁴⁻²² kɔŋ⁴⁴/

/liɪŋ²⁴⁻²² kɔŋ³³/

/liɪŋ¹³⁻²² kɔŋ⁴⁴/

/liɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ kɔŋ⁴⁴/

/liɪŋ²³⁻³³ kɔŋ⁴⁴/

/liŋ³⁵ ku̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/lɪŋ²¹ kʷɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/liɪŋ²⁴⁻²² kɔŋ⁴⁴/

/liɪŋ²⁴⁻²² kɔŋ³³/

/liɪŋ¹³⁻²² kɔŋ⁴⁴/

/liɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ kɔŋ⁴⁴/

/liɪŋ²³⁻³³ kɔŋ⁴⁴/

(Central Plains, Lanyin and Southwestern Mandarin, Wu) clever; quick-witted


封皮

/fɤŋ⁵⁵ pʰi³⁵/

/fɤŋ⁵⁵ pʰiə̯ɻ³⁵/

/fʊŋ⁵⁵ pʰei̯²¹/

/xʊŋ³³ pi¹³/

/fɤŋ⁵⁵ pʰi³⁵/

/fɤŋ⁵⁵ pʰiə̯ɻ³⁵/

/fʊŋ⁵⁵ pʰei̯²¹/

/xʊŋ³³ pi¹³/

(Northeastern, Beijing, Central Plains, Lanyin and Southwestern Mandarin, Wu) paper strip seal


伢子

/jä³⁵ d͡z̥z̩³/

/ŋaː²¹ t͡siː³⁵/

/ŋa̠¹³ t͡sz̩³/

/jä³⁵ d͡z̥z̩³/

/ŋaː²¹ t͡siː³⁵/

/ŋa̠¹³ t͡sz̩³/

(Northeastern and Lanyin Mandarin, Jin) agent; middleman


拌蒜

/pän⁵¹⁻⁵³ su̯än⁵¹/

/pän⁵¹⁻⁵³ su̯än⁵¹/

(Beijing, Jilu, Central Plains and Lanyin Mandarin, ideophonic, of one's feet) to frequently bump into each other when walking, causing one to totter; to walk unsteadily; to stagger

(Beijing, Central Plains and Lanyin Mandarin, ideophonic) to speak indistinctly; to slur


鍋盔

→ English: guokui

/ku̯ɔ⁵⁵ kʰu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵/

/ku̯ɔ⁵⁵ kʰu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵/


雞兒

/t͡ɕi⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ³⁵/

/t͡ɕi⁵⁵ ɚ²¹/

/t͡ɕi¹¹ əɻ¹¹/

/t͡ɕi⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ³⁵/

/t͡ɕi⁵⁵ ɚ²¹/

/t͡ɕi¹¹ əɻ¹¹/

(Central Plains and Lanyin Mandarin, Jin) chicken


尕拇指頭

(Central Plains and Lanyin Mandarin) little finger


班房子

/pæ̃²⁴ fɑŋ²⁴ t͡sz̩⁵¹/

/pæ̃²⁴ fɑŋ²⁴ t͡sz̩⁵¹/

GT - General Taiwanese (no specific region identified)


丟盹

(Lanyin Mandarin, Jin, Xi'an Mandarin) to take a nap; to nod off; to doze off


蛤蟆骨朵子

/xə²⁴ ma⁵¹ ku²⁴ tu²⁴ t͡sz̩⁵¹/

/xə²⁴ ma⁵¹ ku²⁴ tu²⁴ t͡sz̩⁵¹/

(Central Plains and Lanyin Mandarin) tadpole (toad or frog larva)


咽舌子

/iæ̃⁴⁴ ʂə²⁴ t͡sz̩²⁴/

/iæ̃⁴⁴ ʂə²⁴ t͡sz̩²⁴/

(Central Plains Mandarin, Lanyin Mandarin, anatomy) uvula

Central Plains Mandarin; Lanyin Mandarin; Central Plains Mandarin; Lanyin Mandarin


煙把把子

/iæ̃²⁴ pa⁴⁴ pa²⁴ t͡sz̩²⁴/

/iæ̃²⁴ pa⁴⁴ pa²⁴ t͡sz̩²⁴/

(Dungan and Lanyin Mandarin) cigarette butt; fag-end


年時個

(Central Plains and Lanyin Mandarin) last year


胡達

From Persian خدا (xudā) or Uyghur خۇدا (xuda).

(chiefly Central Plains and Lanyin Mandarin) God; (Islam, specifically) Allah