彖

They will most likely reply that Fu Hsi composed the Eight Trigrams, when Wên Wang developed in sixty-four, and that Confucius wrote the definitions, illustrations, and annexes. By the joint efforts of these three Sages the Yiking was completed.

Wang Chong, Lun Heng (Discussive Weighing), 80 CE

Bǐ jiāng yìng yuē: “Fúxī zuò bāguà, Wénwáng yǎn wèi liùshísì, Kǒngzǐ zuò tuàn, xiàng, “jìcí”. Sānshèng zhòng yè, “yì” nǎi jù zú.”

彼將應曰：「伏羲作八卦，文王演為六十四，孔子作彖、象、《繫辭》。三聖重業，《易》乃具足。」

彼将应曰：「伏羲作八卦，文王演为六十四，孔子作彖、象、《系辞》。三圣重业，《易》乃具足。」

exposition on a divinatory trigram or hexagram from the I Ching


犏

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声): semantic 牛 (“cow”) + phonetic 扁 (OC *pʰen, *benʔ, *peːnʔ, *beːnʔ).

Han compound

When a yak cow mates with a yellow bull, they shall give birth to a dzo.

15th century CE, 葉盛 (Yèshèng), 水東日記 Diary from East of the River

Máoniú yǔ huángniú hé, zé shēng piānniú.

牦牛與黃牛合，則生犏牛。

牦牛与黄牛合，则生犏牛。


犢

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l'oːɡ): semantic 牛 (“ox”) + phonetic 𧶠 (OC *luɡ).
Possibly from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *luk (“sheep”) (Schuessler, 2007; STEDT). Cognate with 羭 (OC *lo, “sheep”), Tibetan ལུག (lug, “sheep”).
Other etymologies have been proposed:
* Boodberg (1937) relates it to Tibetan ཕྲུག (phrug, “calf”), which Schuessler (2007) deems unlikely.
* Norman (1988) suggests that it may be a loan from Mongolic or Tungusic; compare Mongolian ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠯ (tuɣul, “calf”), Manchu ᡨᡠᡴᡧᠠᠨ (tukšan, “calf”). This is an unlikely etymology due to recent developments in the reconstruction of Old Chinese, where *l- (rather than older reconstructions with *d-) would be a poor match for Mongolic/Tungusic t-, as well as new archaeological evidence suggesting that the word is likely older than previously assumed (Miyake, 2017; Cao, 2021).
* It could also be related to 畜 (OC *l̥ʰuɡs, *l̥ʰuɡ, *hluɡ, “to nourish; domestic animal”) (Schuessler, 2007).

och-l

When the Son of Heaven visits a feudal lord, the lord offers him a calf for food.

The Book of Rites, c. 4ᵗʰ – 2ⁿᵈ century BCE

天子適諸侯，諸侯膳以犢。

天子适诸侯，诸侯膳以犊。

1919, 《新舊約全書：官話和合譯本》 [Mandarin Bible, Union Version], Shanghai: American Bible Society, 約伯記 [Job] 21:10:

Their bulls never fail to breed. Their cows bear calves and never miscarry. [New Living Translation]

Tāmen de gōngniú zīshēng ér bù duànjué. Mǔniú xià dú ér bù diàotāi.

他們的公牛孳生而不斷絕．母牛下犢而不掉胎。

他们的公牛孳生而不断绝．母牛下犊而不掉胎。


牛

Wutunhua: nek

/n̠ʲi̯əu̯¹³/

/n̠ʲi̯əu̯¹³/

Pictogram (象形) of a bull's head.
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ŋwa.
;"awesome"

傲人

nowadays especially of breasts, body curve

細漢偷挽匏，大漢偷牽牛／细汉偷挽匏，大汉偷牵牛

sè-hàn thau bán pû, tōa-hàn thau khan gû

bovine, e.g. cow, bull, ox, buffalo, bison, yak (Classifier: 頭／头 m c mb md; 條／条 m g h x; 隻／只 m c g mn w x)

牛屄

牛人

(Mainland China, Mandarin, slang) awesome; powerful

Twenty-Eight Mansions
w:Twenty-Eight Mansions

(～宿) (Chinese astronomy) Ox (one of Twenty-Eight Mansions)

(physics) Short for 牛頓／牛顿 (niúdùn, “newton”).

(Hong Kong Cantonese, computing) Short for 火牛 (“transformer”). (Classifier: 隻／只 c)


翰

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡaːn, *ɡaːns): phonetic 倝 (OC *kaːns) + semantic 羽 (“feather”).


豕

Pictogram (象形) – a pig. Compare 亥, 𢑓 (male pig), and 豖 (castrated male pig). See also the original version on oracle bones of 敢.
Related to 㒸, in which however the pig is a phonetic component.
Possibly from Austroasiatic (Schuessler, 2007). Compare Proto-Mon-Khmer *liik ~ *lik (“pig”) and Mon ကၠိက် (kloik, “pig”). Also occurs in the Cai-Long languages, from which Hölzl (2021) derives the name Ta-Li for the aforementioned language subgroup.

There are many swine, with their trotters white, wading through the waves.

The Classic of Poetry, c. 11ᵗʰ – 7ᵗʰ centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

有豕白蹢、烝涉波矣。


豝

→ Proto-Hmong: *mpæꟲ (“pig”)

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *praː): semantic 豕 (“pig; boar”) + phonetic 巴 (OC *praː).
Possibly from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *pʷak (“pig”); if so, cognate with Tibetan ཕག (phag), Burmese ဝက် (wak) (Benedict, 1972; STEDT).
However, there are phonological mismatches:
* A medial *-r- in Old Chinese should correspond to a pre-initial in Tibeto-Burman, but this is not present (Schuessler, 2007).
* A final *-k is present in Tibeto-Burman yet absent in Old Chinese, which is an irregular correspondence (Schuessler, 2007; Sagart, 2011b).
Alternatively, Schuessler (2007) considers Waic *bras (“wild boar”) a better match. Meanwhile Sagart (2011b) suggests Tibetan བ (ba, “female cow”) and Queyu bra (“female cow”) as possible comparanda; if so, a semantic analogy would be 豬 (OC *ta, “pig”), possibly a rural dialectal variant (from the sound changes *ʈa < *tra < *Cra) of 豭 (OC *kraː, “male pig”) and its homophone 麚 (OC *kraː, “stag”), with *kra meaning "male animal" generally (Wang, 1982; Schuessler, 2007).

Han compound

† - has given birth or used for breeding

Alternative form of 羓 (bā, “dried meat”)


豬

→ Thai: ตือ (dtʉʉ)

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ta): semantic 豕 + phonetic 者 (OC *tjaːʔ).
Possibly from Proto-Sino-Tibetan (Schuessler, 2007). Löffler (1966) considers Mru tia (“(wild) pig”) to be cognate.
Fangyan states that 豭 (OC *kraː) is a dialectal variant of 豬 (OC *ta), yet *kra was apparently older than *t(r)a and homophonic with 麚 (OC *kraː, “stag”); so instead *t(r)a is possibly an early rural dialectal variant (from the sound changes *ʈa < *tra < *Cra) of *kra, which would have had a general meaning of "male animal". See 豭 for more.

1919, 《新舊約全書：官話和合譯本》 [Mandarin Bible, Union Version], Shanghai: American Bible Society, 馬太福音 [Matthew] 8:30:

Now there was afar off from them a herd of many swine feeding. (English Revised Version)

Lí tāmen hěn yuǎn, yǒu yī dà qún zhū chīshí.

離他們很遠、有一大羣豬喫食。

离他们很远、有一大群猪吃食。

May "pig things" (homophonous with "all things") go well with you! (used to wish a happy Chinese New Year in the Year of the Pig)

豬事順利！（諸事順利！）

猪事顺利！（诸事顺利！）

pig; hog; swine (Classifier: 頭／头 m; 口 m; 隻／只 c mn; 條／条 c h)


雁

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (雁):
* → Japanese: 雁(がん) (gan)
* → Vietnamese: nhạn (雁)

→ Vietnamese: ngan (鴳)

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋraːns): phonetic 厂 (OC *hŋaːnʔ, *hŋaːns) + semantic 人 + semantic 隹.
Ultimately from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ŋa-n (“goose”) (tentatively reconstructed); cognate with Tibetan ངང་པ (ngang pa), Burmese ငန်း (ngan:).
Related to 鵝 (OC *ŋaːl, “domestic goose”); both 鵝 and 雁 likely reflect an earlier liquid final (Schuessler, 2007; cf. Baxter and Sagart's reconstruction). Alternatively, it may derive from 鵝 with nominalizing suffix *-n, but this Chinese-internal derivation is problematic in light of the cognates in Tibeto-Burman (Schuessler, 2007; Alves, 2015b); but see Hill (2019) also, as noted in the etymology of 鵝.
Possible relationship with Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰh₂éns (“goose”) has been noted by some (Mayrhofer, 1976; Alves, 2015b).

Han compound

domesticated goose
w:en:domesticated goose

wild goose (as opposed to a domesticated goose – 鵝／鹅 (é)) (Classifier: 隻／只 m c)


駤

Alternative form of 騺／𱅊 (zhì, “unable to move because of being weighed down”)


駢

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *beːn): semantic 馬 (“horse”) + phonetic 并 (OC *peŋ, *peŋs)


驖

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l̥ʰiːɡ, *l'iːɡ): semantic 馬 + phonetic 𢧜 ().
Perhaps related to 鐵 (OC *l̥ʰiːɡ, “iron”) as both may be derived from the etymon "black".

Han compound

His four iron-black horses are burly; The six reins are in the hand (of the charioteer).

駟驖孔阜、六轡在手。

驷𬴋孔阜、六辔在手。


驍

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋkeːw): semantic 馬 (“horse”) + phonetic 堯 (OC *ŋeːw).


驨

a mythical beast like a horse with a deer's antler


驥

骥
蘎
龭
𩦸
𩥉
𧁳
𲎎
𱄮

(literary) horse that can travel 1000 li in a day; fine steed


駒

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ko): semantic 馬 (“horse”) + phonetic 句 (OC *koː, *koːs, *kos, *ɡo).
Ultimately from Sanskrit घोट (ghoṭa), घोड (ghoḍa) (see घोटक (ghoṭaka) for Indo-Aryan descendants), which has been borrowed into many Sino-Tibetan languages; cognate with Proto-Tani *kɯ, Mizo sa-kawr (STEDT 6023).
Alternatively, Wang (1982) relates this to 狗 (OC *koːʔ, “dog; puppy”), 羔 (OC *kluː, “lamb”), 𤘽 (“calf”).


鴻

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡoːŋ, *ɡoːŋʔ): phonetic 江 (OC *kroːŋ) + semantic 鳥 (“bird”).

liushu

OC *ɡoːŋ, *ɡoːŋʔ

Han compound

鸿
𨾊
䲨/𬷾
𩾯/⿰氵鸟
𪀤
𪅯


鵝

→ Guiqiong: wo

/ᵑɡᵘɔ²²⁻²²⁵/

/ᵑɡᵘɔ²²⁻²²⁵/

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋaːl): phonetic 我 (OC *ŋaːlʔ) + semantic 鳥.
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ŋa-n (“goose”); cognate with Tibetan ངང་པ (ngang pa), Burmese ငန်း (ngan:). However, the final consonants of the proposed cognates are possibly irreconcilable; they could instead be independently coined through onomatopoeia (Schuessler, 2007; Hill, 2019).
Related to 雁 (OC *ŋraːns, “wild goose”); see there for more.

Han compound

domestic goose (as opposed to a wild goose – 雁 (yàn)) (Classifier: 隻／只 m c mn)


畜生

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (畜生):
* → Japanese: 畜生(ちくしょう) (chikushō)
* → Korean: 축생(畜生) (chuksaeng)
* → Vietnamese: súc sinh (畜生), súc sanh (畜生)

/ʈ͡ʂʰu⁵¹ ʂɤŋ¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʰu⁵¹ ʂɤ̃ɻ¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʰu⁵¹ ʂɤŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰʊk̚⁵ saːŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰʊk̚⁵ sɐŋ⁵⁵/

/tʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ sẽ⁴⁴/

/tʰiɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ sŋ̍³³/

/tʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ sĩ⁴⁴/

/tʰiɔk̚³²⁻⁴ siɪŋ⁴⁴/

/hiɔk̚³²⁻⁵ siɪŋ⁴⁴/

/tʰiok̚²⁻⁴ sẽ³³/

/t͡sʰoʔ³³ sɑ̃⁴⁴/

/ʈ͡ʂʰu⁵¹ ʂɤŋ¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʰu⁵¹ ʂɤ̃ɻ¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʰu⁵¹ ʂɤŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰʊk̚⁵ saːŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰʊk̚⁵ sɐŋ⁵⁵/

/tʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ sẽ⁴⁴/

/tʰiɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ sŋ̍³³/

/tʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ sĩ⁴⁴/

/tʰiɔk̚³²⁻⁴ siɪŋ⁴⁴/

/hiɔk̚³²⁻⁵ siɪŋ⁴⁴/

/tʰiok̚²⁻⁴ sẽ³³/

/t͡sʰoʔ³³ sɑ̃⁴⁴/

Book of Sui
Han Feizi (book)
Six Dynasties

First attested in Han Feizi (circa 2nd century BC). The expletive sense was attested in the Book of Sui (7th century AD). Influenced, through Buddhism, by Sanskrit तिर्यग्योनि (tiryagyoni, “animal creation”) and Pali tiracchānayoni (“the realm of the brute creation”) during the Six Dynasties times, as this word was used as a translation of the Sanskrit and Pali terms. Compare 牲畜 (shēngchù).

der

(Buddhism) a beast: a generic term for animals, birds, fish and insects, as the reincarnated form of one who had bad karma in a previous life


母牛

/mu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ni̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/mu⁵³ nʲəu²¹/

/mou̯¹³ ŋɐu̯²¹/

/mu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ni̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/mu⁵³ nʲəu²¹/

/mou̯¹³ ŋɐu̯²¹/


綿羊

/mi̯ɛn³⁵ jɑŋ³⁵/

/miæ̃²⁴ iɑŋ⁵¹/

/miːn²¹ jœːŋ²¹⁻³⁵/

/miɛn¹¹ iɔŋ¹¹/

/mĩ²³⁻³³ iũ²³/

/mĩ²⁴⁻¹¹ iũ²⁴/

/mĩ²⁴⁻²² iũ²⁴/

/mĩ¹³⁻²² iɔ̃¹³/

/mĩ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ ĩẽ⁵⁵/

/mi²² ɦiã⁴⁴/

/mi̯ɛn³⁵ jɑŋ³⁵/

/miæ̃²⁴ iɑŋ⁵¹/

/miːn²¹ jœːŋ²¹⁻³⁵/

/miɛn¹¹ iɔŋ¹¹/

/mĩ²³⁻³³ iũ²³/

/mĩ²⁴⁻¹¹ iũ²⁴/

/mĩ²⁴⁻²² iũ²⁴/

/mĩ¹³⁻²² iɔ̃¹³/

/mĩ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ ĩẽ⁵⁵/

/mi²² ɦiã⁴⁴/


火雞

/xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi⁵⁵/

/fɔː³⁵ kɐi̯⁵⁵/

/hui³³⁻²¹ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ie⁵⁵/

/he⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kue⁴⁴/

/he⁴²⁻²⁴ kue⁴⁴/

/he⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kue³³/

/hə⁴²⁻²⁴ kue⁴⁴/

/hə⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kue³³/

/hə⁵⁵⁻³⁵ kue³³/

/hə⁵³⁻²⁴ kue⁴⁴/

/hue⁴⁴⁵⁻³³ ke³³/

/hue⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ke⁴⁴/

/hue⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ke⁴⁴/

/hue⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ke⁴⁴/

/he⁴²⁻²⁴ ke⁴⁴/

/huɛ³¹⁻⁵⁵ kɔi³⁵/

/xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi⁵⁵/

/fɔː³⁵ kɐi̯⁵⁵/

/hui³³⁻²¹ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ie⁵⁵/

/he⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kue⁴⁴/

/he⁴²⁻²⁴ kue⁴⁴/

/he⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kue³³/

/hə⁴²⁻²⁴ kue⁴⁴/

/hə⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kue³³/

/hə⁵⁵⁻³⁵ kue³³/

/hə⁵³⁻²⁴ kue⁴⁴/

/hue⁴⁴⁵⁻³³ ke³³/

/hue⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ke⁴⁴/

/hue⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ke⁴⁴/

/hue⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ke⁴⁴/

/he⁴²⁻²⁴ ke⁴⁴/

/huɛ³¹⁻⁵⁵ kɔi³⁵/


家畜

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu⁵¹/

/kaː⁵⁵ t͡sʰʊk̚⁵/

/ka⁴⁴⁻²² tʰiɔk̚³²/

/ka⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰiɔk̚³²/

/kɛ⁴⁴⁻²² hiɔk̚³²/

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu⁵¹/

/kaː⁵⁵ t͡sʰʊk̚⁵/

/ka⁴⁴⁻²² tʰiɔk̚³²/

/ka⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰiɔk̚³²/

/kɛ⁴⁴⁻²² hiɔk̚³²/

飼養家畜

饲养家畜

livestock; domesticated animal; domestic cattle


駿馬

/t͡ɕyn⁵¹ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sɵn³³ maː¹³/

/t͡sun¹¹⁻⁵³ mã⁵³/

/t͡sun²¹⁻⁵³ mã⁵³/

/t͡sun²¹⁻⁴¹ mã⁴¹/

/t͡sun⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ mã⁵⁵⁴/

/t͡sun²¹⁻⁵³ be⁵³/

/t͡sun²¹⁻⁵³ bɛ⁵³/

/t͡ɕyn⁵¹ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sɵn³³ maː¹³/

/t͡sun¹¹⁻⁵³ mã⁵³/

/t͡sun²¹⁻⁵³ mã⁵³/

/t͡sun²¹⁻⁴¹ mã⁴¹/

/t͡sun⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ mã⁵⁵⁴/

/t͡sun²¹⁻⁵³ be⁵³/

/t͡sun²¹⁻⁵³ bɛ⁵³/


雞蛋

/t͡ɕi⁵⁵ tän⁵¹/

/t͡ɕi⁵⁵ tan²¹³/

/t͡ɕi²⁴ tæ̃²⁴/

/t͡ɕi²⁴ tæ̃⁴⁴/

/kɐi̯⁵⁵ taːn²²⁻³⁵/

/kai³³ an³²⁻³²⁵/

/t͡ɕi⁴² ˈtʰan¹¹/

/t͡ɕi¹¹ tæ̃⁴⁵/

/koi³³⁻²³ taŋ²¹³/

/t͡ɕi⁵⁵ de²¹/

/t͡ɕi³³ dẽ̞³⁴/

/t͡ɕi³³ dɛ⁵¹/

/t͡ɕi³³ tan²¹⁻¹¹/

/t͡ɕi⁴⁴ tã̠¹¹/

/t͡ɕi⁵⁵ tän⁵¹/

/t͡ɕi⁵⁵ tan²¹³/

/t͡ɕi²⁴ tæ̃²⁴/

/t͡ɕi²⁴ tæ̃⁴⁴/

/kɐi̯⁵⁵ taːn²²⁻³⁵/

/kai³³ an³²⁻³²⁵/

/t͡ɕi⁴² ˈtʰan¹¹/

/t͡ɕi¹¹ tæ̃⁴⁵/

/koi³³⁻²³ taŋ²¹³/

/t͡ɕi⁵⁵ de²¹/

/t͡ɕi³³ dẽ̞³⁴/

/t͡ɕi³³ dɛ⁵¹/

/t͡ɕi³³ tan²¹⁻¹¹/

/t͡ɕi⁴⁴ tã̠¹¹/

食雞蛋

食鸡蛋


雞蛋

/koi³³⁻²³ tũã³³/

/koi³³⁻²³ tũã³³/

(Teochew) unlaid chicken egg (Classifier: 粒)


小鴨

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ jä⁵⁵/

/siːu̯³⁵ aːp̚³/

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ jä⁵⁵/

/siːu̯³⁵ aːp̚³/


家禽

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰin³⁵/

/kaː⁵⁵ kʰɐm²¹/

/ka⁴⁴⁻³³ kʰim²³/

/ka⁴⁴⁻³³ kʰim²⁴/

/ka⁴⁴⁻²² kʰim²⁴/

/kɛ⁴⁴⁻²² kʰim¹³/

/ke³³⁻²³ kʰim⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰin³⁵/

/kaː⁵⁵ kʰɐm²¹/

/ka⁴⁴⁻³³ kʰim²³/

/ka⁴⁴⁻³³ kʰim²⁴/

/ka⁴⁴⁻²² kʰim²⁴/

/kɛ⁴⁴⁻²² kʰim¹³/

/ke³³⁻²³ kʰim⁵⁵/

domestic fowls; poultry (Classifier: 隻／只 m)


龍馬

/lʊŋ³⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lʊŋ²¹ maː¹³/

/lʊŋ³⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lʊŋ²¹ maː¹³/

(astronomy) Alternative name for 房 (Fáng, “Room (constellation)”).


雄牛

/ɕi̯ʊŋ³⁵ ni̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/hʊŋ²¹ ŋɐu̯²¹/

/ɦioŋ²² n̠ʲiɤ⁴⁴/

/ɕi̯ʊŋ³⁵ ni̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/hʊŋ²¹ ŋɐu̯²¹/

/ɦioŋ²² n̠ʲiɤ⁴⁴/


雌牛

/t͡sʰz̩³⁵ ni̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/t͡sʰz̩⁵⁵ ni̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/t͡sʰiː⁵⁵ ŋɐu̯²¹/

/t͡sʰz̩⁵⁵ n̠ʲiɤ²¹/

/t͡sʰz̩³⁵ ni̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/t͡sʰz̩⁵⁵ ni̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/t͡sʰiː⁵⁵ ŋɐu̯²¹/

/t͡sʰz̩⁵⁵ n̠ʲiɤ²¹/


小羊

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ jɑŋ³⁵/

/siːu̯³⁵ jœːŋ²¹/

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ jɑŋ³⁵/

/siːu̯³⁵ jœːŋ²¹/


鞍轡

/ˀän⁵⁵ pʰeɪ̯⁵¹/

/ˀän⁵⁵ pʰeɪ̯⁵¹/


牲畜

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (牲畜):
* → Vietnamese: sinh súc (牲畜)

/ʂɤŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu⁵¹/

/saːŋ⁵⁵ t͡sʰʊk̚⁵/

/sɐŋ⁵⁵ t͡sʰʊk̚⁵/

/sɛiŋ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ŋøyʔ²⁴/

/sŋ̍³³ tʰiɔk̚⁵/

/siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tʰiɔk̚³²/

/siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² hiɔk̚³²/

/ʂɤŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu⁵¹/

/saːŋ⁵⁵ t͡sʰʊk̚⁵/

/sɐŋ⁵⁵ t͡sʰʊk̚⁵/

/sɛiŋ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ŋøyʔ²⁴/

/sŋ̍³³ tʰiɔk̚⁵/

/siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tʰiɔk̚³²/

/siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² hiɔk̚³²/

Working dogs help ranchers to drive animals where they want them to go.

Yìyòngquǎn néng bāngzhù nónggōng qūgǎn shēngchù dào tāmen xūyào tāmen de fāngxiàng.

役用犬能幫助農工驅趕牲畜到他們需要它們的方向。

役用犬能帮助农工驱赶牲畜到他们需要它们的方向。

And the LORD God said unto the serpent, Because thou hast done this, thou art cursed above all cattle, and above every beast of the field; upon thy belly shalt thou go, and dust shalt thou eat all the days of thy life.

新標點和合本 (Chinese Union Version with New Punctuation), 創世記 (Genesis) 3:14

Yēhéhuá Shén duì shé shuō: Nǐ jì zuò le zhè shì, jiù bì shòu zhòuzǔ, bǐ yīqiè de shēngchù yěshòu gèng shèn; nǐ bì yòng dùzi xíng zǒu, zhōngshēn chī tǔ.

耶和華神對蛇說：你既作了這事，就必受咒詛，比一切的牲畜野獸更甚；你必用肚子行走，終身吃土。

耶和华神对蛇说：你既作了这事，就必受咒诅，比一切的牲畜野兽更甚；你必用肚子行走，终身吃土。


太牢

/tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ lɑʊ̯³⁵/

/tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ lɑʊ̯³⁵/

(archaic) the three premium quality sacrificial animals (cow, sheep and pig) which were used as ritual offerings


鴛鴦

Sino-Xenic (鴛鴦):
* → Japanese: 鴛(えん)鴦(おう) (en'ō)
* → Korean: 원앙(鴛鴦) (wonang)
* → Vietnamese: uyên ương (鴛鴦)

→ English: yuenyeung (from Cantonese)

→ English: yuanyang (from Mandarin)

⇒ Zhuang: roegyaemyieng

/ɥɛn⁵⁵ jɑŋ⁵⁵/

/ɥɛn⁵⁵ jɑŋ²/

/jyːn⁵⁵ jœːŋ⁵⁵/

/jiːn⁵⁵ jœːŋ⁵⁵/

/yɵn⁴² iɔŋ²/

/i̯en²⁴⁻¹¹ i̯oŋ²⁴/

/ʒan⁵³ ʒoŋ⁵³/

/yiŋ⁵⁴ iɔŋ⁵⁴/

/ɛŋ⁵³³⁻²¹ ^((Ø-))ŋieu⁵³³/

/ɛŋ⁵³³⁻²¹ ^((Ø-))ŋiu⁵³³/

/uan⁴⁴⁻²² iũ⁴⁴/

/uan⁴⁴⁻³³ iũ⁴⁴/

/uan⁴⁴⁻²² iɔ̃⁴⁴/

/uaŋ³³⁻²³ ĩõ³³/

/ɥɛn⁵⁵ jɑŋ⁵⁵/

/ɥɛn⁵⁵ jɑŋ²/

/jyːn⁵⁵ jœːŋ⁵⁵/

/jiːn⁵⁵ jœːŋ⁵⁵/

/yɵn⁴² iɔŋ²/

/i̯en²⁴⁻¹¹ i̯oŋ²⁴/

/ʒan⁵³ ʒoŋ⁵³/

/yiŋ⁵⁴ iɔŋ⁵⁴/

/ɛŋ⁵³³⁻²¹ ^((Ø-))ŋieu⁵³³/

/ɛŋ⁵³³⁻²¹ ^((Ø-))ŋiu⁵³³/

/uan⁴⁴⁻²² iũ⁴⁴/

/uan⁴⁴⁻³³ iũ⁴⁴/

/uan⁴⁴⁻²² iɔ̃⁴⁴/

/uaŋ³³⁻²³ ĩõ³³/

The Mandarin ducks, drake and hen, perch together, the butterflies fly side-by-side;
The inebriating spring's colours fill the garden.

1986, 許鏡清 Xu Jingqing (music) & 楊潔 Yang Jie (lyrics), 《女儿情》 "Maiden's Love"

Yuānyāng shuāngqī, dié shuāngfēi;
Mǎnyuán chūnsè rě rén zuì.

鴛鴦雙棲，蝶雙飛；
滿園春色惹人醉。

鸳鸯双栖，蝶双飞；
满园春色惹人醉。

mandarin duck (Classifier: 隻／只; 雙／双; 對／对)

yuenyeung (a beverage made from mixing coffee with Hong Kong-style milk tea) (Classifier: 杯)


鴛鴦

/ɥɛn⁵⁵ jɑŋ⁵⁵/

/ɥɛn⁵⁵ jɑŋ²/

/jyːn⁵⁵ jœːŋ⁵⁵/

/jiːn⁵⁵ jœːŋ⁵⁵/

/yɵn⁴² iɔŋ²/

/i̯en²⁴⁻¹¹ i̯oŋ²⁴/

/ʒan⁵³ ʒoŋ⁵³/

/yiŋ⁵⁴ iɔŋ⁵⁴/

/ɛŋ⁵³³⁻²¹ ^((Ø-))ŋieu⁵³³/

/ɛŋ⁵³³⁻²¹ ^((Ø-))ŋiu⁵³³/

/uan⁴⁴⁻²² iũ⁴⁴/

/uan⁴⁴⁻³³ iũ⁴⁴/

/uan⁴⁴⁻²² iɔ̃⁴⁴/

/uaŋ³³⁻²³ ĩõ³³/

/ɥɛn⁵⁵ jɑŋ⁵⁵/

/ɥɛn⁵⁵ jɑŋ²/

/jyːn⁵⁵ jœːŋ⁵⁵/

/jiːn⁵⁵ jœːŋ⁵⁵/

/yɵn⁴² iɔŋ²/

/i̯en²⁴⁻¹¹ i̯oŋ²⁴/

/ʒan⁵³ ʒoŋ⁵³/

/yiŋ⁵⁴ iɔŋ⁵⁴/

/ɛŋ⁵³³⁻²¹ ^((Ø-))ŋieu⁵³³/

/ɛŋ⁵³³⁻²¹ ^((Ø-))ŋiu⁵³³/

/uan⁴⁴⁻²² iũ⁴⁴/

/uan⁴⁴⁻³³ iũ⁴⁴/

/uan⁴⁴⁻²² iɔ̃⁴⁴/

/uaŋ³³⁻²³ ĩõ³³/

(～鄉) Yuanyang (a township in Maojian district, Shiyan, Hubei, China)


驚鴻

/t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ xʊŋ³⁵/

/t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ xʊŋ³⁵/

(archaic) a wild goose that is flying away after having been startled (a metaphor for a graceful and elegant woman)

(archaic) a beautiful and graceful woman

(archaic) an elegant and graceful dancer


馬場

/mä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵/

/maː¹³ t͡sʰœːŋ²¹/

/be⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tiũ²⁴/

/be⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tiũ²⁴/

/be⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tiũ²³/

/bɛ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tiɔ̃¹³/

/bɛ⁴⁴⁵⁻³³ tiãu²³/

/mä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵/

/maː¹³ t͡sʰœːŋ²¹/

/be⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tiũ²⁴/

/be⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tiũ²⁴/

/be⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tiũ²³/

/bɛ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tiɔ̃¹³/

/bɛ⁴⁴⁵⁻³³ tiãu²³/

horse racing venue; horse racing course; horse racing tracks

(literary) pastureland for raising horses


馬場

/mä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵/

/maː¹³ t͡sʰœːŋ²¹/

/be⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tiũ²⁴/

/be⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tiũ²⁴/

/be⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tiũ²³/

/bɛ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tiɔ̃¹³/

/bɛ⁴⁴⁵⁻³³ tiãu²³/

/mä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵/

/maː¹³ t͡sʰœːŋ²¹/

/be⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tiũ²⁴/

/be⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tiũ²⁴/

/be⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tiũ²³/

/bɛ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tiɔ̃¹³/

/bɛ⁴⁴⁵⁻³³ tiãu²³/

(～鎮) Machang (name of various towns in China)

(～村) Machang (name of various villages in China)

(～村) Machang (a village in Mawan, Tianmen, Hubei, China)


公牛

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ ni̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ ŋɐu̯²¹/

/kuŋ²⁴ ŋi̯u¹¹/

/kaŋ⁴⁴⁻²² ɡu²⁴/

/kaŋ⁴⁴⁻²² ɡu¹³/

/kaŋ³³ ɡu²⁴/

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ ni̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ ŋɐu̯²¹/

/kuŋ²⁴ ŋi̯u¹¹/

/kaŋ⁴⁴⁻²² ɡu²⁴/

/kaŋ⁴⁴⁻²² ɡu¹³/

/kaŋ³³ ɡu²⁴/


黃牛

/xu̯ɑŋ³⁵ ni̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/wɔːŋ²¹ ŋɐu̯²¹/

/ˈuɔŋ³⁵ n̠ʲiu³⁵/

/voŋ¹¹ ŋi̯u¹¹/

/ʋɔŋ¹¹ ŋiu¹¹/

/xuɒ̃¹¹ niəu¹¹/

/uoŋ⁵³⁻³³ ŋu⁵³/

/ŋ̍²⁴⁻²² ɡu²⁴/

/ŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ ɡu⁵⁵/

/ɦuɑ̃²² n̠ʲiɤ⁴⁴/

/u̯an¹³ n̠ʲi̯əu̯¹³/

/xu̯ɑŋ³⁵ ni̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/wɔːŋ²¹ ŋɐu̯²¹/

/ˈuɔŋ³⁵ n̠ʲiu³⁵/

/voŋ¹¹ ŋi̯u¹¹/

/ʋɔŋ¹¹ ŋiu¹¹/

/xuɒ̃¹¹ niəu¹¹/

/uoŋ⁵³⁻³³ ŋu⁵³/

/ŋ̍²⁴⁻²² ɡu²⁴/

/ŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ ɡu⁵⁵/

/ɦuɑ̃²² n̠ʲiɤ⁴⁴/

/u̯an¹³ n̠ʲi̯əu̯¹³/

Sense 5 most likely derived by analogy of 黑牛. Compare 白牛, formed similarly.

(Hong Kong Cantonese, Macau Cantonese) cream soda float


黃牛

/xu̯ɑŋ³⁵ ni̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/wɔːŋ²¹ ŋɐu̯²¹/

/ˈuɔŋ³⁵ n̠ʲiu³⁵/

/voŋ¹¹ ŋi̯u¹¹/

/ʋɔŋ¹¹ ŋiu¹¹/

/xuɒ̃¹¹ niəu¹¹/

/uoŋ⁵³⁻³³ ŋu⁵³/

/ŋ̍²⁴⁻²² ɡu²⁴/

/ŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ ɡu⁵⁵/

/ɦuɑ̃²² n̠ʲiɤ⁴⁴/

/u̯an¹³ n̠ʲi̯əu̯¹³/

/xu̯ɑŋ³⁵ ni̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/wɔːŋ²¹ ŋɐu̯²¹/

/ˈuɔŋ³⁵ n̠ʲiu³⁵/

/voŋ¹¹ ŋi̯u¹¹/

/ʋɔŋ¹¹ ŋiu¹¹/

/xuɒ̃¹¹ niəu¹¹/

/uoŋ⁵³⁻³³ ŋu⁵³/

/ŋ̍²⁴⁻²² ɡu²⁴/

/ŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ ɡu⁵⁵/

/ɦuɑ̃²² n̠ʲiɤ⁴⁴/

/u̯an¹³ n̠ʲi̯əu̯¹³/

(Taiwan) to break a promise; to fail to assume responsibility; to fail to show up


設得蘭矮種馬

设得兰矮种马
設德蘭矮種馬

ㄕㄜˋ ㄉㄜˊ ㄌㄢˊ ㄞˇ ㄓㄨㄥˇ ㄇㄚˇ

Шэдэлань айчжунма

/ʂɤ⁵¹ tɤ³⁵ län³⁵ ˀaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


設德蘭矮種馬

设德兰矮种马
設得蘭矮種馬

ㄕㄜˋ ˙ㄉㄜ ㄌㄢˊ ㄞˇ ㄓㄨㄥˇ ㄇㄚˇ

Шэдэлань айчжунма

/ʂɤ⁵¹ d̥ə¹ län³⁵ ˀaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


牝馬

Sino-Xenic (牝馬):
* → Japanese: 牝(ひん)馬(ば) (hinba)
* → Korean: 빈마(牝馬) (binma)

/pʰin⁵¹ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pʰɐn¹³ maː¹³/

/pin²²⁻²¹ mã⁵³/

/pʰin⁵¹ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pʰɐn¹³ maː¹³/

/pin²²⁻²¹ mã⁵³/


山羊

/ʂän⁵⁵ jɑŋ³⁵/

/saːn⁵⁵ jœːŋ²¹/

/suiŋ⁵⁴ iɔŋ³³/

/suã⁴⁴⁻³³ iũ²³/

/suã³³ iũ²⁴/

/suã⁴⁴⁻³³ iũ²⁴/

/suã⁴⁴⁻²² iũ²⁴/

/suã⁴⁴⁻²² iɔ̃¹³/

/sũã³³⁻²³ ĩẽ⁵⁵/

/se⁵⁵ ɦiã²¹/

/ʂän⁵⁵ jɑŋ³⁵/

/saːn⁵⁵ jœːŋ²¹/

/suiŋ⁵⁴ iɔŋ³³/

/suã⁴⁴⁻³³ iũ²³/

/suã³³ iũ²⁴/

/suã⁴⁴⁻³³ iũ²⁴/

/suã⁴⁴⁻²² iũ²⁴/

/suã⁴⁴⁻²² iɔ̃¹³/

/sũã³³⁻²³ ĩẽ⁵⁵/

/se⁵⁵ ɦiã²¹/

Compound of 山 (shān, “mountain”) + 羊 (yáng, “caprid: goat, antelope, sheep”).
The sense "buck; vaulting horse" is a calque of Russian козел (kozel).


犧牲

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (犧牲):
* → Japanese: 犠(ぎ)牲(せい) (gisei)
* → Korean: 희생(犧牲) (huisaeng)
* → Vietnamese: hi sinh (犧牲)

/ɕi⁵⁵ ʂɤŋ⁵⁵/

/hei̯⁵⁵ sɐŋ⁵⁵/

/hi²⁴⁻¹¹ sen²⁴/

/hi⁴⁴⁻²² sŋ̍⁴⁴/

/hi³³ sŋ̍³³/

/hi⁴⁴⁻²² siɪŋ⁴⁴/

/hi⁴⁴⁻²² seŋ⁴⁴/

/hi⁴⁴⁻³³ siɪŋ⁴⁴/

/hi³³⁻²³ seŋ³³/

/ɕi⁵⁵ ʂɤŋ⁵⁵/

/hei̯⁵⁵ sɐŋ⁵⁵/

/hi²⁴⁻¹¹ sen²⁴/

/hi⁴⁴⁻²² sŋ̍⁴⁴/

/hi³³ sŋ̍³³/

/hi⁴⁴⁻²² siɪŋ⁴⁴/

/hi⁴⁴⁻²² seŋ⁴⁴/

/hi⁴⁴⁻³³ siɪŋ⁴⁴/

/hi³³⁻²³ seŋ³³/

"sacrifice (animal)" (pre-Qin) -> "to immolate" (c. 1840) -> "to sacrifice" (c. 1900).

"Some people" are basically incurable, death penalty abolition merely sacrifices justice

“yǒuxiē rén” gēnběn méi jiù, fèisǐ tú xīshēng le zhèngyì

「有些人」根本沒救，廢死徒犧牲了正義

「有些人」根本没救，废死徒牺牲了正义

(figuratively) to sacrifice (give away something valuable); to give up; to abandon; to discard


驊騮

/xu̯ä³⁵ li̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/xu̯ä³⁵ li̯oʊ̯³⁵/

Hualiu, Qiji, Xianli, and Lü'er; those are the fine steeds of yore.

Huáliú, Qíjì, Xiānlí, Lǜ'ěr, cǐ jiē gǔ zhī liángmǎ yě.

驊騮、騹驥、纖離、綠耳，此皆古之良馬也。

骅骝、𬴆骥、纤离、绿耳，此皆古之良马也。

(historical) Hualiu (one of eight horses owned by King Mu of Zhou)


韁繩

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ ʂɤŋ³⁵/

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ ʂɤŋ²/

/kœːŋ⁵⁵ sɪŋ²¹⁻³⁵/

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ ʂɤŋ³⁵/

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ ʂɤŋ²/

/kœːŋ⁵⁵ sɪŋ²¹⁻³⁵/


牡牛

/mu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ni̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/maːu̯¹³ ŋɐu̯²¹/

/mu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ni̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/maːu̯¹³ ŋɐu̯²¹/


馬廄

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵¹/

/maː¹³ kɐu̯³³/

/ma⁵³ t͡ɕiəu⁴⁵/

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵¹/

/maː¹³ kɐu̯³³/

/ma⁵³ t͡ɕiəu⁴⁵/

stable (building for lodging and feeding horses) (Classifier: 座)


馬棚

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ pʰɤŋ³⁵/

/maː¹³ pʰaːŋ²¹/

/ma̠⁴¹ pʰʊŋ¹³/

/ma̠⁴¹ pʰən¹³/

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ pʰɤŋ³⁵/

/maː¹³ pʰaːŋ²¹/

/ma̠⁴¹ pʰʊŋ¹³/

/ma̠⁴¹ pʰən¹³/


㣇

Pictogram (象形) – a pig-like creature (豕) with fur. In the seal script (Shuowen), it shows the head of a pig (彑) on top, as well as the fur and hooves of the creature on the bottom.
There are two other possible origins (Chi, 2010):
* Corruption of 豸 (OC *rdeːʔ, *deʔ).
* Related to 𢁛, a corruption of 衰 (OC *sʰrol, *srul) used as a rebus character for 殺 (OC *sreːds, *sreːd).

𡱃
𢑞
𧱈
⿱又𢁙
⿳彐𠂊巾
⿳彐夕巾
⿱⿵⿱彐八𠂊巾


騎手

/t͡ɕʰi³⁵ ʂoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kʰɛː²¹ sɐu̯³⁵/

/kʰia⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sʰiu⁵²/

/t͡ɕʰi³⁵ ʂoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kʰɛː²¹ sɐu̯³⁵/

/kʰia⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sʰiu⁵²/


大雁

/tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ jɛn⁵¹/

/ta²¹³ iɛn²¹³/

/taːi̯²² ŋaːn²²/

/tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ jɛn⁵¹/

/ta²¹³ iɛn²¹³/

/taːi̯²² ŋaːn²²/


鴻雁

Sino-Xenic (鴻雁):
* → Japanese: 鴻雁(こうがん) (kōgan)
* → Korean: 홍안(鴻雁) (hong'an)

/xʊŋ³⁵ jɛn⁵¹/

/hʊŋ²¹ ŋaːn²²/

/xʊŋ³⁵ jɛn⁵¹/

/hʊŋ²¹ ŋaːn²²/

The wild geese are flying about; and they settle in the midst of the marsh.

鴻雁于飛，集于中澤。

鸿雁于飞，集于中泽。


牲口

/ʂɤŋ⁵⁵ kʰoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʂɤŋ⁵⁵ kʰoʊ̯²/

/saːŋ⁵⁵ hɐu̯³⁵/

/səŋ¹¹ kʰəu⁵³/

/siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kʰau⁵³/

/sŋ̍³³ kʰio⁵⁵⁴/

/sən³³ kʰəu̯⁴¹/

/ʂɤŋ⁵⁵ kʰoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʂɤŋ⁵⁵ kʰoʊ̯²/

/saːŋ⁵⁵ hɐu̯³⁵/

/səŋ¹¹ kʰəu⁵³/

/siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kʰau⁵³/

/sŋ̍³³ kʰio⁵⁵⁴/

/sən³³ kʰəu̯⁴¹/

livestock; beast of burden; draft animal


小雞

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi⁵⁵/

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕiə̯ɻ⁵⁵/

/ɕiau⁵³ t͡ɕi⁵⁵/

/siːu̯³⁵ kɐi̯⁵⁵/

/ɕiau⁵³ t͡ɕi¹¹/

/ɕiɔ³³ t͡ɕi⁴⁴/

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi⁵⁵/

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕiə̯ɻ⁵⁵/

/ɕiau⁵³ t͡ɕi⁵⁵/

/siːu̯³⁵ kɐi̯⁵⁵/

/ɕiau⁵³ t͡ɕi¹¹/

/ɕiɔ³³ t͡ɕi⁴⁴/


童子雞

/tʰʊŋ³⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi⁵⁵/

/tʰʊŋ²¹ t͡siː³⁵ kɐi̯⁵⁵/

/tɔŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡su⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kue⁴⁴/

/doŋ²² t͡sz̩⁵⁵ t͡ɕi²¹/

/tʰʊŋ³⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi⁵⁵/

/tʰʊŋ²¹ t͡siː³⁵ kɐi̯⁵⁵/

/tɔŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡su⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kue⁴⁴/

/doŋ²² t͡sz̩⁵⁵ t͡ɕi²¹/


母雞

/mu²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi⁵⁵/

/mu⁵³ t͡ɕi⁵⁵/

/mou̯¹³ kɐi̯⁵⁵/

/bu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kue⁴⁴/

/bu⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kue³³/

/bo⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ke⁴⁴/

/mu²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi⁵⁵/

/mu⁵³ t͡ɕi⁵⁵/

/mou̯¹³ kɐi̯⁵⁵/

/bu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kue⁴⁴/

/bu⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kue³³/

/bo⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ke⁴⁴/


雛雞

/ʈ͡ʂʰu³⁵ t͡ɕi⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰu³⁵ t͡ɕi⁵⁵/


家鴨

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ jä⁵⁵/

/kaː⁵⁵ aːp̚³/

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ jä⁵⁵/

/kaː⁵⁵ aːp̚³/

domestic duck (the domesticated variety of mallard)


馬蹬

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ tɤŋ⁵¹/

/maː¹³ tɐŋ⁵⁵/

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ tɤŋ⁵¹/

/maː¹³ tɐŋ⁵⁵/


馬銜

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi̯ɛn³⁵/

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi̯ɛn³⁵/


烏骨雞

/u⁵⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi⁵⁵/

/wuː⁵⁵ kʷɐt̚⁵ kɐi̯⁵⁵/

/ɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ kut̚³²⁻⁴ ke⁴⁴/

/ɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ kut̚³²⁻⁴ kue⁴⁴/

/u⁵⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi⁵⁵/

/wuː⁵⁵ kʷɐt̚⁵ kɐi̯⁵⁵/

/ɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ kut̚³²⁻⁴ ke⁴⁴/

/ɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ kut̚³²⁻⁴ kue⁴⁴/


鐵馬

/tʰi̯ɛ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʰiːt̚³ maː¹³/

/tʰi(ʔ)²⁻⁵³ be⁵³/

/tʰi(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ be⁵³/

/tʰi(ʔ)⁵⁻⁵³ be⁵⁵/

/tʰiɛt̚³²⁻⁴ mã⁵³/

/tʰi̯ɛ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʰiːt̚³ maː¹³/

/tʰi(ʔ)²⁻⁵³ be⁵³/

/tʰi(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ be⁵³/

/tʰi(ʔ)⁵⁻⁵³ be⁵⁵/

/tʰiɛt̚³²⁻⁴ mã⁵³/

Later, the riot police used mills barriers and water cannon anti-riot vehicles to separate the demonstrators into smaller groups, forcing the demonstration to end.

2007 May 2, 安琦, 澳門反貪遊行 警方武力鎮壓, in 大紀元時報 (Epoch Times)

hau⁶ loi⁴ fong⁴ bou⁶ ging² deoi⁶⁻² jung⁶ tit³ maa⁵ kap⁶ fong⁴ bou⁶ seoi² ce¹ zoeng¹ jau⁴ hang⁴ deoi⁶ ng⁵ gaak³ hoi¹ jat¹ kwan⁴ jat¹ kwan⁴, koeng⁵ hang⁴ zung¹ zi² jau⁴ hang⁴.

後來防暴警隊用鐵馬及防暴水車將遊行隊伍隔開一群一群，強行終止遊行。

后来防暴警队用铁马及防暴水车将游行队伍隔开一群一群，强行终止游行。

In an attempt to force their way into the Complex, the protesters damaged the security facilities of the Complex, forcibly pulled away the mills barriers placed in the demonstration area outside the Complex, and tried to pry open the doors with bamboo poles.

2014 June 18, 立法會急切質詢二題：協助立法會應對嚴重保安問題或緊急情況 (LC Urgent Q2: Render assistance to LegCo in its response to serious security problems or emergencies)

si⁶ wai¹ ze² wai⁶ cong² jap⁶ daai⁶ lau⁴, po³ waai⁶ daai⁶ lau⁴ dik¹ bou² on¹ cit³ si¹, koeng⁵ hang⁴ laai¹ zau² gaa³ jyu¹ daai⁶ lau⁴ ngoi⁶ si⁶ wai¹ keoi¹ dik¹ tit³ maa⁵, jau⁶ ji⁵ zuk¹ gon¹ si³ tou⁴ giu⁶ hoi¹ daai⁶ mun⁴.

示威者為闖入大樓，破壞大樓的保安設施，強行拉走架於大樓外示威區的鐵馬，又以竹竿試圖撬開大門。

示威者为闯入大楼，破坏大楼的保安设施，强行拉走架于大楼外示威区的铁马，又以竹竿试图撬开大门。

crowd control barrier
crowd control barrier

(chiefly Cantonese) mills barrier; crowd control barrier (made of metal) (Classifier: 個／个 c)


牛乸

/ŋɐu̯²¹ naː³⁵/

/ᵑɡeu²² ⁿda⁵⁵/

/ŋɐu̯²¹ naː³⁵/

/ᵑɡeu²² ⁿda⁵⁵/

(Cantonese, dialectal Hakka) cow (female)


牛母

/ŋu⁵³⁻³³ mo³³/

/ɡu²⁴⁻²² bu⁵³/

/ɡu²⁴⁻¹¹ bu⁵³/

/ɡu²⁴⁻²² bu⁵⁵⁴/

/ɡu²⁴⁻²² bu⁵⁵/

/ɡu²⁴⁻³³ bɤ⁵³/

/ɡu²⁴⁻¹² bo⁵³/

/ɡu¹³⁻²² bo⁵³/

/ɡu²⁴⁻³³ bo⁵³/

/ɡu²³⁻³³ bɤ⁴¹/

/ɡu⁵⁵⁻¹¹ bo⁵²/

/ŋu⁵³⁻³³ mo³³/

/ɡu²⁴⁻²² bu⁵³/

/ɡu²⁴⁻¹¹ bu⁵³/

/ɡu²⁴⁻²² bu⁵⁵⁴/

/ɡu²⁴⁻²² bu⁵⁵/

/ɡu²⁴⁻³³ bɤ⁵³/

/ɡu²⁴⁻¹² bo⁵³/

/ɡu¹³⁻²² bo⁵³/

/ɡu²⁴⁻³³ bo⁵³/

/ɡu²³⁻³³ bɤ⁴¹/

/ɡu⁵⁵⁻¹¹ bo⁵²/


牛嫲

/ŋi̯u¹¹ ma¹¹/

/ŋi̯u¹¹ ma¹¹/


豬仔

/ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵ t͡saɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡syː⁵⁵ t͡sɐi̯³⁵/

/t͡si³³ tᵘɔi⁵⁵/

/t͡ʃu⁵³ ə⁵⁵/

/t͡su⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ʋe³¹/

/ti⁴⁴⁻²² a⁵³/

/ti⁴⁴⁻³³ a⁴¹/

/tu⁴⁴⁻³³ a⁵³/

/ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵ t͡saɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡syː⁵⁵ t͡sɐi̯³⁵/

/t͡si³³ tᵘɔi⁵⁵/

/t͡ʃu⁵³ ə⁵⁵/

/t͡su⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ʋe³¹/

/ti⁴⁴⁻²² a⁵³/

/ti⁴⁴⁻³³ a⁴¹/

/tu⁴⁴⁻³³ a⁵³/

to sell someone into indentured servitude of forced labour

賣豬仔

卖猪仔

(figurative, dialect) someone sold into indentured servitude of forced labour


騏驎

/t͡ɕʰi³⁵ lin³⁵/

/kʰei̯²¹ lɵn²¹/

/t͡ɕʰi³⁵ lin³⁵/

/kʰei̯²¹ lɵn²¹/

Fenghuang and qilin are omens of universal peace. In time of universal peace one will see them arrive.

Wang Chong, Lun Heng (Discussive Weighing), 80 CE, translated based on Alfred Forke's version

Fènghuáng, qílín, tàipíng zhī ruì yě. Tàipíng zhī jì, jiàn láizhì yě.

鳳皇、騏驎，太平之瑞也。太平之際，見來至也。

凤皇、骐𬴊，太平之瑞也。太平之际，见来至也。


阿拉伯馬

ㄚ ㄌㄚ ㄅㄛˊ ㄇㄚˇ

/ˀä⁵⁵ lä⁵⁵ pu̯ɔ³⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/aː³³ laːi̯⁵⁵ paːk̚³ maː¹³/

/ˀä⁵⁵ lä⁵⁵ pu̯ɔ³⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/aː³³ laːi̯⁵⁵ paːk̚³ maː¹³/


乳牛

Sino-Xenic (乳牛):
* → Korean: 우유(乳牛) (uyu)

/ʐu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ni̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/jyː¹³ ŋɐu̯²¹/

/ʐu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ni̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/jyː¹³ ŋɐu̯²¹/


騸馬

Sino-Xenic (騸馬):
* → Japanese: 騸(せん)馬(ば) (senba)
* → Korean: 선마(騸馬) (seonma)

/ʂän⁵¹ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʂän⁵¹ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

gelding (castrated male horse) (Classifier: 匹 m)


馬鐙

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ tɤŋ⁵¹/

/maː¹³ tɐŋ³³/

/be⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tiɪŋ²¹/

/be⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tiɪŋ⁴¹/

/be⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tiɪŋ²¹/

/be⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tiɪŋ¹¹/

/be⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tiɪŋ²¹/

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ tɤŋ⁵¹/

/maː¹³ tɐŋ³³/

/be⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tiɪŋ²¹/

/be⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tiɪŋ⁴¹/

/be⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tiɪŋ²¹/

/be⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tiɪŋ¹¹/

/be⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tiɪŋ²¹/


雞母

/t͡ɕi⁵⁵ mu⁵³/

/kie⁵⁵⁻⁵³ mo³³/

/kue⁴⁴⁻²² bu⁴²/

/kue⁴⁴⁻²² bu⁵³/

/kue⁴⁴⁻²² bo³¹/

/kue⁴⁴⁻²² bo⁴²/

/kue⁴⁴⁻³³ bo⁵³/

/kue⁴⁴⁻²² bo⁵³/

/ke⁴⁴⁻²² bo⁵³/

/ke⁴⁴⁻³³ bɤ⁵³/

/ke⁴⁴⁻³³ bɤ⁴¹/

/ke⁴⁴⁻³³ bu⁴¹/

/koi³³⁻²³ bo⁵²/

/t͡ɕi⁵⁵ mu⁵³/

/kie⁵⁵⁻⁵³ mo³³/

/kue⁴⁴⁻²² bu⁴²/

/kue⁴⁴⁻²² bu⁵³/

/kue⁴⁴⁻²² bo³¹/

/kue⁴⁴⁻²² bo⁴²/

/kue⁴⁴⁻³³ bo⁵³/

/kue⁴⁴⁻²² bo⁵³/

/ke⁴⁴⁻²² bo⁵³/

/ke⁴⁴⁻³³ bɤ⁵³/

/ke⁴⁴⁻³³ bɤ⁴¹/

/ke⁴⁴⁻³³ bu⁴¹/

/koi³³⁻²³ bo⁵²/

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) female brothel keeper; procuress


雞角

/kie⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ɔyʔ²⁴/

/ke⁵³³⁻¹³ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾aʔ¹/

/ke⁵³³⁻¹³ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾aʔ²/

/kue⁴⁴⁻³³ kak̚³²/

/kue⁴⁴⁻²² kak̚³²/

/ke⁴⁴⁻²² kak̚³²/

/ke³³⁻²¹ kak̚³/

/kie⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ɔyʔ²⁴/

/ke⁵³³⁻¹³ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾aʔ¹/

/ke⁵³³⁻¹³ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾aʔ²/

/kue⁴⁴⁻³³ kak̚³²/

/kue⁴⁴⁻²² kak̚³²/

/ke⁴⁴⁻²² kak̚³²/

/ke³³⁻²¹ kak̚³/

(Northern Min, Eastern Min, Hokkien, Puxian Min) cock; rooster


北京烤鴨

ㄅㄟˇ ㄐㄧㄥ ㄎㄠˇ ㄧㄚ

Бэйцзин каоя

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ kʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ jä⁵⁵/

/pɐk̚⁵ kɪŋ⁵⁵ haːu̯⁵⁵ aːp̚³/

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ kʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ jä⁵⁵/

/pɐk̚⁵ kɪŋ⁵⁵ haːu̯⁵⁵ aːp̚³/


牝牛

/pʰin⁵¹ ni̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/pʰɐn¹³ ŋɐu̯²¹/

/pin²²⁻²¹ ɡiu²⁴/

/pʰin⁵¹ ni̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/pʰɐn¹³ ŋɐu̯²¹/

/pin²²⁻²¹ ɡiu²⁴/


駒子

/t͡ɕy⁵⁵ d͡z̥z̩²/

/kʰɵy̯⁵⁵ t͡siː³⁵/

/t͡ɕy⁵⁵ d͡z̥z̩²/

/kʰɵy̯⁵⁵ t͡siː³⁵/


平頭

/pʰiŋ³⁵ tʰoʊ̯³⁵/

/pʰɪŋ²¹ tʰɐu̯²¹/

/pʰiŋ³⁵ tʰoʊ̯³⁵/

/pʰɪŋ²¹ tʰɐu̯²¹/


騏驥

/t͡ɕʰi³⁵ t͡ɕi⁵¹/

/kʰei̯²¹ kʰei̯³³/

/t͡ɕʰi³⁵ t͡ɕi⁵¹/

/kʰei̯²¹ kʰei̯³³/

The (horses) Qi-ji and Hua-liu could in one day gallop 1000 li, but for catching rats they were not equal to a wild dog or a weasel - the gifts of creatures are different.

Qíjì huáliú, yīrì ér chí qiānlǐ, bǔ shǔ bùrú lílíshēng, yán shūjì yě.

騏驥驊騮，一日而馳千里，捕鼠不如狸狌，言殊技也。

骐骥骅骝，一日而驰千里，捕鼠不如狸狌，言殊技也。

Qíjì yī yuè, bùnéng shí bù; númǎ shí jià, gōng zài bù shè.

騏驥一躍，不能十步；駑馬十駕，功在不舍。

骐骥一跃，不能十步；驽马十驾，功在不舍。

The Verses of Chu, 4ᵗʰ century BCE – 2ⁿᵈ century CE

Chéng qíjì yǐ chíchěng xī, lái wú dào fū xiān lù.

乘騏驥以馳騁兮，來吾道夫先路。

乘骐骥以驰骋兮，来吾道夫先路。


馬錶

/mä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ pi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/maː¹³ piːu̯³⁵⁻⁵⁵/

/be⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ pio⁵⁵⁴/

/be⁵³⁻⁴⁴ pio⁵³/

/bɛ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ pio⁵³/

/mä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ pi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/maː¹³ piːu̯³⁵⁻⁵⁵/

/be⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ pio⁵⁵⁴/

/be⁵³⁻⁴⁴ pio⁵³/

/bɛ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ pio⁵³/

Originally used in horse racing, thus its name.


母豬

/mu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵/

/mou⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂu²⁴/

/bu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ti⁴⁴/

/bu⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tɯ³³/

/bo⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ti⁴⁴/

/mu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵/

/mou⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂu²⁴/

/bu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ti⁴⁴/

/bu⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tɯ³³/

/bo⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ti⁴⁴/


賽馬

/saɪ̯⁵¹ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʰɔːi̯³³ maː¹³/

/sai¹¹⁻⁵³ be⁵³/

/sai²¹⁻⁴¹ be⁴¹/

/sai²¹⁻⁵³ be⁵³/

/sai²¹⁻⁵³ mã⁵³/

/sai²¹⁻⁴¹ mã⁴¹/

/sai¹¹⁻⁵³ mã⁵³/

/saɪ̯⁵¹ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʰɔːi̯³³ maː¹³/

/sai¹¹⁻⁵³ be⁵³/

/sai²¹⁻⁴¹ be⁴¹/

/sai²¹⁻⁵³ be⁵³/

/sai²¹⁻⁵³ mã⁵³/

/sai²¹⁻⁴¹ mã⁴¹/

/sai¹¹⁻⁵³ mã⁵³/


雞婆

/t͡ɕi⁵⁵ pʰu̯ɔ³⁵/

/t͡ɕi⁵⁵ pʰo²¹/

/kɐi̯⁵⁵ pʰɔː²¹/

/t͡ɕi⁴² ˈpʰo²⁴/

/ke⁴⁴⁻³³ pɤ²³/

/ke⁴⁴⁻³³ po²⁴/

/ke⁴⁴⁻²² po²⁴/

/kue⁴⁴⁻³³ po²⁴/

/t͡ɕi³³ po¹³/

/t͡ɕi⁵⁵ pʰu̯ɔ³⁵/

/t͡ɕi⁵⁵ pʰo²¹/

/kɐi̯⁵⁵ pʰɔː²¹/

/t͡ɕi⁴² ˈpʰo²⁴/

/ke⁴⁴⁻³³ pɤ²³/

/ke⁴⁴⁻³³ po²⁴/

/ke⁴⁴⁻²² po²⁴/

/kue⁴⁴⁻³³ po²⁴/

/t͡ɕi³³ po¹³/

(slang, originally Taiwanese Hokkien 家婆) nosy person; busybody


公羊

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ jɑŋ³⁵/

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ jœːŋ²¹/

/kuŋ²⁴ i̯oŋ¹¹/

/kaŋ³³ iũ²⁴/

/kaŋ⁴⁴⁻²² iũ²⁴/

/kaŋ⁴⁴⁻²² iɔ̃¹³/

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ jɑŋ³⁵/

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ jœːŋ²¹/

/kuŋ²⁴ i̯oŋ¹¹/

/kaŋ³³ iũ²⁴/

/kaŋ⁴⁴⁻²² iũ²⁴/

/kaŋ⁴⁴⁻²² iɔ̃¹³/

/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ iɔŋ²³/

/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ iɔŋ²⁴/

/kɔŋ³³ iɔŋ²⁴/

/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² iɔŋ²⁴/

/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² iaŋ¹³/

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ jɑŋ³⁵/

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ jœːŋ²¹/

/kuŋ²⁴ i̯oŋ¹¹/

/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ iɔŋ²³/

/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ iɔŋ²⁴/

/kɔŋ³³ iɔŋ²⁴/

/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² iɔŋ²⁴/

/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² iaŋ¹³/

† - wether; ‡ - for breeding; * - ram; # - buck


野馬

/jɛ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/jɛː¹³ maː¹³/

/i̯a²⁴⁻¹¹ ma²⁴/

/ia⁵³⁻⁴⁴ be⁵³/

/ia⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ be⁵⁵⁴/

/ia⁵³⁻⁴⁴ be⁵³/

/ia⁵³⁻⁴⁴ be⁵³/

/ia⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ be⁴¹/

/jɛ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/jɛː¹³ maː¹³/

/i̯a²⁴⁻¹¹ ma²⁴/

/ia⁵³⁻⁴⁴ be⁵³/

/ia⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ be⁵⁵⁴/

/ia⁵³⁻⁴⁴ be⁵³/

/ia⁵³⁻⁴⁴ be⁵³/

/ia⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ be⁴¹/

We have in it these words: 'When the peng is removing to the Southern Ocean it flaps (its wings) on the water for 3000 li. Then it ascends on a whirlwind 90,000 li, and it rests only at the end of six months.' (But similar to this is the movement of the breezes which we call) the horses of the fields, of the dust (which quivers in the sunbeams), and of living things as they are blown against one another by the air.'

Xié zhī yán yuē: “Péng zhī xǐ yú nánmíng yě, shuǐ jī sānqiān lǐ, tuán fú yáo ér shàng zhě jiǔwàn lǐ, qù yǐ liùyuè xī zhě yě.” Yěmǎ yě, chén'āi yě, shēngwù zhī yǐ xī xiāng chuī yě.

諧之言曰：「鵬之徙於南冥也，水擊三千里，摶扶搖而上者九萬里，去以六月息者也。」野馬也，塵埃也，生物之以息相吹也。

谐之言曰：「鹏之徙于南冥也，水击三千里，抟扶摇而上者九万里，去以六月息者也。」野马也，尘埃也，生物之以息相吹也。

(archaic) water vapour, floating clouds or dust in the fields


羊皮

/jɑŋ³⁵ pʰi³⁵/

/iɑŋ²⁴ pʰi⁵¹/

/jœːŋ²¹ pʰei̯²¹/

/ˈiɔŋ³⁵ pʰi²⁴/

/i̯oŋ¹¹ pʰi¹¹/

/iũ²³⁻³³ pʰue²³/

/iũ²⁴⁻¹¹ pʰe²⁴/

/jɑŋ³⁵ pʰi³⁵/

/iɑŋ²⁴ pʰi⁵¹/

/jœːŋ²¹ pʰei̯²¹/

/ˈiɔŋ³⁵ pʰi²⁴/

/i̯oŋ¹¹ pʰi¹¹/

/iũ²³⁻³³ pʰue²³/

/iũ²⁴⁻¹¹ pʰe²⁴/


種馬

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʊŋ³⁵ maː¹³/

/t͡siɪŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ be⁴¹/

/t͡siɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ be⁵³/

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʊŋ³⁵ maː¹³/

/t͡siɪŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ be⁴¹/

/t͡siɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ be⁵³/


疣豬

/joʊ̯³⁵ ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵/

/jɐu̯²¹ t͡syː⁵⁵/

/joʊ̯³⁵ ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵/

/jɐu̯²¹ t͡syː⁵⁵/

Phacochoerus africanus
Phacochoerus africanus#Translingual

warthog, especially the common warthog (Phacochoerus africanus)


烏雞

/u⁵⁵ t͡ɕi⁵⁵/

/wuː⁵⁵ kɐi̯⁵⁵/

/ɔ⁴⁴⁻²² kue⁴⁴/

/ɔ⁴⁴⁻²² ke⁴⁴/

/ou³³⁻²³ koi³³/

/u⁵⁵ t͡ɕi⁵⁵/

/wuː⁵⁵ kɐi̯⁵⁵/

/ɔ⁴⁴⁻²² kue⁴⁴/

/ɔ⁴⁴⁻²² ke⁴⁴/

/ou³³⁻²³ koi³³/

black spots on clothes or fabrics caused by mold or mildew due to dampness or moisture


雞鴨

/t͡ɕi⁵⁵ jä⁵⁵/

/ke⁵³³⁻¹³ ɒ²¹/

/kue⁴⁴⁻²² aʔ³²/

/kue⁴⁴⁻³³ aʔ³²/

/ke⁴⁴⁻²² aʔ³²/

/ke⁴⁴⁻³³ aʔ³²/

/t͡ɕi⁵⁵ jä⁵⁵/

/ke⁵³³⁻¹³ ɒ²¹/

/kue⁴⁴⁻²² aʔ³²/

/kue⁴⁴⁻³³ aʔ³²/

/ke⁴⁴⁻²² aʔ³²/

/ke⁴⁴⁻³³ aʔ³²/


家牛

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ ni̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/kaː⁵⁵ ŋɐu̯²¹/

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ ni̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/kaː⁵⁵ ŋɐu̯²¹/


家豬

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵/

/kaː⁵⁵ t͡syː⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵/

/kaː⁵⁵ t͡syː⁵⁵/


公鴨

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ jä⁵⁵/

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ aːp̚³/

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ jä⁵⁵/

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ aːp̚³/


公豬

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵/

/kuŋ²⁴ ʈ͡ʂu²⁴/

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡syː⁵⁵/

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵/

/kuŋ²⁴ ʈ͡ʂu²⁴/

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡syː⁵⁵/


駑駘

/nu³⁵ tʰaɪ̯³⁵/

/nu³⁵ tʰaɪ̯³⁵/

(literary) mediocre person; mediocrity; incompetency


犏牛

/pʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ni̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/pʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ni̯oʊ̯³⁵/

When a yak cow mates with a yellow bull, they shall give birth to a dzo.

牦牛與黄牛合，則生犏牛。

牦牛与黄牛合，则生犏牛。

hybrid of a bull and a female yak; dzo or dzomo


馬仔

/mä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡saɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/maː¹³ t͡sɐi̯³⁵/

/ᵐba²¹ tᵘɔi⁵⁵/

/be⁵³⁻⁴⁴ a⁵³/

/be⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ a⁴¹/

/be⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ a⁵⁵⁴/

/bɛ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ a⁵³/

/mä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡saɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/maː¹³ t͡sɐi̯³⁵/

/ᵐba²¹ tᵘɔi⁵⁵/

/be⁵³⁻⁴⁴ a⁵³/

/be⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ a⁴¹/

/be⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ a⁵⁵⁴/

/bɛ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ a⁵³/

(Southwestern Mandarin, Cantonese, Northern Min, Southern Min, Hunan Tuhua) foal (Classifier: 隻／只 c)

(Taiwanese Hokkien, Taiwanese Hakka) horse

1975, “《小販》” (11:25 from the start), in 《靜默的革命》 [The Quiet Revolution], episode 1:

I will introduction you to them and tell them that you, Cheung, is Big Brother Wah's most competent underling.

ngo⁵ wui⁵ gaai³ siu⁶ keoi⁵ dei⁶ sik¹, nei⁵ aa³ coeng¹ go¹ hai⁶ daai⁶ go¹ waa⁴ zeoi³ dak¹ lik⁶ ge³ maa⁵ zai².

我會介紹佢哋識，你阿昌哥係大哥華最得力嘅馬仔。

我会介绍佢哋识，你阿昌哥系大哥华最得力嘅马仔。

(originally Cantonese) gang follower; gang member (Classifier: 個／个 c)


大宛

/tä⁵¹ ɥɛn⁵⁵/

/tä⁵¹ ɥɛn⁵⁵/

Pulleyblank (1966, pp. 22, 27) notices that the "old" suggestion based on the name of Greeks – cf. Ancient Greek Ἴων (Íōn, “Ionian”), Sanskrit यवन (yavana) – had been unsatisfactory, an observation also acknowledged by Yu (1998, p. 68); see references therein. Possible Indo-Iranian origin and cognacy with the Ancient Greek word-forms Τόχαροι (Tókharoi) or Τάχοροι (Tákhoroi) have been suggested; see etymologies thereof.

(historical) Dayuan (an ancient country in Central Asia)


大宛

/tä⁵¹ ɥɛn⁵⁵/

/tä⁵¹ ɥɛn⁵⁵/


汗血馬

ㄏㄢˋ ㄒㄩㄝˋ ㄇㄚˇ

ㄏㄢˋ ㄒㄩㄝˇ ㄇㄚˇ

ㄏㄢˋ ㄒㄧㄝˇ ㄇㄚˇ

/xän⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕy̯ɛ⁵¹ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/xän⁵¹ ɕy̯ɛ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/xän⁵¹ ɕi̯ɛ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/hɔːn²² hyːt̚³ maː¹³/

/xän⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕy̯ɛ⁵¹ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/xän⁵¹ ɕy̯ɛ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/xän⁵¹ ɕi̯ɛ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/hɔːn²² hyːt̚³ maː¹³/


豬母

/ty⁵⁵⁻⁵³ mo³³/

/ti⁴⁴⁻²² bu⁵³/

/tɯ³³ bu⁵⁵⁴/

/tɯ⁴⁴⁻²² bu⁵³/

/ti⁴⁴⁻³³ bɤ⁴¹/

/ti⁴⁴⁻³³ bo⁵³/

/ti⁴⁴⁻³³ bɤ⁵³/

/ti⁴⁴⁻²² bo⁵³/

/tu⁴⁴⁻³³ bo⁵³/

/tu³³⁻²¹ bo⁴⁴⁵/

/tɯ⁴⁴⁻²² bo⁵³/

/tɯ⁴⁴⁻²² bo³¹/

/tɯ³³⁻²³ bo⁵²/

/ty⁵⁵⁻⁵³ mo³³/

/ti⁴⁴⁻²² bu⁵³/

/tɯ³³ bu⁵⁵⁴/

/tɯ⁴⁴⁻²² bu⁵³/

/ti⁴⁴⁻³³ bɤ⁴¹/

/ti⁴⁴⁻³³ bo⁵³/

/ti⁴⁴⁻³³ bɤ⁵³/

/ti⁴⁴⁻²² bo⁵³/

/tu⁴⁴⁻³³ bo⁵³/

/tu³³⁻²¹ bo⁴⁴⁵/

/tɯ⁴⁴⁻²² bo⁵³/

/tɯ⁴⁴⁻²² bo³¹/

/tɯ³³⁻²³ bo⁵²/

(Zhangzhou Hokkien, humorous) mother (when a father talks to his child referring to their mother)


約克夏豬

ㄩㄝ ㄎㄜˋ ㄒㄧㄚˋ ㄓㄨ

/ɥɛ⁵⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi̯ä⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵/

/ɥɛ⁵⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi̯ä⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵/


肉雞

/ʐoʊ̯⁵¹ t͡ɕi⁵⁵/

/jʊk̚² kɐi̯⁵⁵/

/ba(ʔ)³²⁻⁴¹ ke⁴⁴/

/ʐoʊ̯⁵¹ t͡ɕi⁵⁵/

/jʊk̚² kɐi̯⁵⁵/

/ba(ʔ)³²⁻⁴¹ ke⁴⁴/

chicken that is specially raised for its meat; broiler


雞項

/kɐi̯⁵⁵ hɔːŋ²²⁻³⁵/

/kai³³ hɔŋ²¹⁻²¹⁵/

/kɐi̯⁵⁵ hɔːŋ²²⁻³⁵/

/kai³³ hɔŋ²¹⁻²¹⁵/

項 is from Proto-Tai *C̬.qɤːŋᴮ (“young hen”) (Li, 1990; Bauer, 1996). Compare Zhuang gaeqhangh, Bouyei gaishaangh.

(Cantonese, Pingxiang Gan) female chick that has not laid eggs


騍馬

/kʰɤ⁵¹ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kʰuə⁴⁴ ma²⁴/

/fɔː³³ maː¹³/

/kʰɤ⁵¹ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kʰuə⁴⁴ ma²⁴/

/fɔː³³ maː¹³/


小鴨子

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ jä⁵⁵ d͡z̥z̩²/

/siːu̯³⁵ aːp̚³ t͡siː³⁵/

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ jä⁵⁵ d͡z̥z̩²/

/siːu̯³⁵ aːp̚³ t͡siː³⁵/


千里馬

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ li²¹⁴⁻³⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʰiːn⁵⁵ lei̯¹³ maː¹³/

/t͡sʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ li⁵³⁻⁴⁴ be⁵³/

/t͡sʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ li⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ be⁴¹/

/t͡sʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ li⁵³⁻⁴⁴ mã⁵³/

/t͡sʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ li⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ mã⁴¹/

/t͡sʰõĩ³³⁻²³ li⁵²⁻³⁵ be⁵²⁻²¹/

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ li²¹⁴⁻³⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʰiːn⁵⁵ lei̯¹³ maː¹³/

/t͡sʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ li⁵³⁻⁴⁴ be⁵³/

/t͡sʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ li⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ be⁴¹/

/t͡sʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ li⁵³⁻⁴⁴ mã⁵³/

/t͡sʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ li⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ mã⁴¹/

/t͡sʰõĩ³³⁻²³ li⁵²⁻³⁵ be⁵²⁻²¹/

Chollima (a mythical Korean winged horse)


騊駼

/tʰɑʊ̯³⁵ tʰu³⁵/

/tʰou̯²¹ tʰou̯²¹/

/tʰɑʊ̯³⁵ tʰu³⁵/

/tʰou̯²¹ tʰou̯²¹/

Loanword of uncertain origin. Schuessler (2014) reconstructed its pronunciation as *lû-lâ > *dou-dɑ

Their (the Xiongnu's) livestock are mainly horses, oxen, and sheep; their peculiar livestock are camels, donkeys, mules, jueti, taotu, and tuoxi.

The Records of the Grand Historian, by Sima Qian, c. 91 BCE

Qí xù zhī suǒ duō zé mǎ, niú, yáng, qí qí xù zé luòtuó, lǘ, luó, juétí, táotú, tuóxí.

其畜之所多則馬、牛、羊，其奇畜則橐駞、驢、驘、駃騠、騊駼、騨騱。

其畜之所多则马、牛、羊，其奇畜则橐驼、驴、骡、𫘝𫘨、𫘦𬳿、騨𫘬。

a kind of good horses from the northern steppe


馬圈

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕy̯ɛn⁵¹/

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕy̯ɛn⁵¹/

stable (building for lodging and feeding horses) (Classifier: 座)


馬房

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ fɑŋ³⁵/

/maː¹³ fɔːŋ²¹/

/be⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ paŋ²⁴/

/be⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ paŋ²³/

/be⁵³⁻⁴⁴ paŋ²⁴/

/bɛ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ paŋ¹³/

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ fɑŋ³⁵/

/maː¹³ fɔːŋ²¹/

/be⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ paŋ²⁴/

/be⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ paŋ²³/

/be⁵³⁻⁴⁴ paŋ²⁴/

/bɛ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ paŋ¹³/


鴨乸

/aːp̚³ naː³⁵/

/aːp̚³ naː³⁵/


馬乸

/maː¹³ naː³⁵/

/maː¹³ naː³⁵/

(Cantonese) female horse; mare (Classifier: 隻／只 c)


雞乸

/kɐi̯⁵⁵ naː³⁵/

/kɐi̯⁵⁵ naː³⁵/

(Cantonese) hen; female chicken, especially one that has laid eggs


豬乸

/t͡syː⁵⁵ naː³⁵/

/t͡syː⁵⁵ naː³⁵/


雞僆仔

/ki̯e²⁴⁻¹¹ lon⁵⁵ e³¹/

/ki̯e²⁴⁻¹¹ lon⁵⁵ e³¹/

/ki̯e²⁴⁻¹¹ non⁵⁵ e³¹/

/ke⁴⁴⁻³⁵ lɔn⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ne³¹/

/kue⁴⁴⁻³³ nuã³³ a⁵³/

/kue⁴⁴⁻²² nuã²²⁻²¹ a⁵³/

/kue³³ lua⁴¹⁻²² a⁵⁵⁴/

/kue³³ lua³¹⁻²² a⁵⁵/

/ke⁴⁴⁻³³ nuã³³⁻²¹ a⁵³/

/ke⁴⁴⁻²² nuã²²⁻²¹ a⁵³/

/ke⁴⁴⁻³³ nuã³³⁻¹¹ a⁵³/

/ke⁴⁴⁻³³ nuã³³ a⁴¹/

/ki̯e²⁴⁻¹¹ lon⁵⁵ e³¹/

/ki̯e²⁴⁻¹¹ lon⁵⁵ e³¹/

/ki̯e²⁴⁻¹¹ non⁵⁵ e³¹/

/ke⁴⁴⁻³⁵ lɔn⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ne³¹/

/kue⁴⁴⁻³³ nuã³³ a⁵³/

/kue⁴⁴⁻²² nuã²²⁻²¹ a⁵³/

/kue³³ lua⁴¹⁻²² a⁵⁵⁴/

/kue³³ lua³¹⁻²² a⁵⁵/

/ke⁴⁴⁻³³ nuã³³⁻²¹ a⁵³/

/ke⁴⁴⁻²² nuã²²⁻²¹ a⁵³/

/ke⁴⁴⁻³³ nuã³³⁻¹¹ a⁵³/

/ke⁴⁴⁻³³ nuã³³ a⁴¹/

(Hakka, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) hen that has not laid eggs


車馬

/ʈ͡ʂʰɤ⁵⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʰɛː⁵⁵ maː¹³/

/kɵy̯⁵⁵ maː¹³/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɤ⁵⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʰɛː⁵⁵ maː¹³/

/kɵy̯⁵⁵ maː¹³/


北京填鴨

北京填鸭
北京塡鴨
北京田鴨

/pɐk̚⁵ kɪŋ⁵⁵ tʰiːn²¹ aːp̚³/

/pɐk̚⁵ kɪŋ⁵⁵ tʰiːn²¹ aːp̚³⁻³⁵/

/pɐk̚⁵ kɪŋ⁵⁵ tʰiːn²¹ aːp̚³/

/pɐk̚⁵ kɪŋ⁵⁵ tʰiːn²¹ aːp̚³⁻³⁵/


片皮鴨

/pʰi̯ɛn⁵¹ pʰi³⁵ jä⁵⁵/

pin³⁻² péi⁴ ab³⁻²

/pʰiːn³³⁻³⁵ pʰei̯²¹ aːp̚³⁻³⁵/

/pʰiːn³³⁻³⁵ pʰei̯²¹ aːp̚³/

/pʰi̯ɛn⁵¹ pʰi³⁵ jä⁵⁵/

/pʰiːn³³⁻³⁵ pʰei̯²¹ aːp̚³⁻³⁵/

/pʰiːn³³⁻³⁵ pʰei̯²¹ aːp̚³/


填鴨

/tʰi̯ɛn³⁵ jä⁵⁵/

/tʰiːn²¹ aːp̚³⁻³⁵/

/tʰi̯ɛn³⁵ jä⁵⁵/

/tʰiːn²¹ aːp̚³⁻³⁵/

填鴨式教育

填鸭式教育


鴨仔囝

/a(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ a⁵³⁻⁵⁵ kiã⁵³/

/a(ʔ)³²⁻⁴⁴ a⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kiã⁴¹/

/a(ʔ)²⁻⁵³ a⁵³⁻⁵⁵ kiã⁵³/

/a(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ a⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kiã⁵³/

/a(ʔ)³²⁻⁴² a⁴²⁻²⁴ kiã⁴²/

/a(ʔ)³²⁻⁴⁴ a⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kiã⁵³/

/a(ʔ)⁵⁻⁵³ a⁵⁵⁻³⁵ kã⁵⁵/

/a(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ a⁵³⁻⁵⁵ kiã⁵³/

/a(ʔ)³²⁻⁴⁴ a⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kiã⁴¹/

/a(ʔ)²⁻⁵³ a⁵³⁻⁵⁵ kiã⁵³/

/a(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ a⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kiã⁵³/

/a(ʔ)³²⁻⁴² a⁴²⁻²⁴ kiã⁴²/

/a(ʔ)³²⁻⁴⁴ a⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kiã⁵³/

/a(ʔ)⁵⁻⁵³ a⁵⁵⁻³⁵ kã⁵⁵/

(Hokkien) duckling (especially a recently born one)


鴨角

/aʔ²⁴⁻⁵⁵ kɔyʔ²⁴/

/ɒ²¹⁻⁴² ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾aʔ²/

/a(ʔ)³²⁻⁴² kak̚³²/

/a(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ kak̚³²/

/a(ʔ)³²⁻⁴¹ kak̚³²/

/a(ʔ)³²⁻⁴⁴ kak̚³²/

/aʔ²⁴⁻⁵⁵ kɔyʔ²⁴/

/ɒ²¹⁻⁴² ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾aʔ²/

/a(ʔ)³²⁻⁴² kak̚³²/

/a(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ kak̚³²/

/a(ʔ)³²⁻⁴¹ kak̚³²/

/a(ʔ)³²⁻⁴⁴ kak̚³²/


母鴨

/mu²¹⁴⁻²¹ jä⁵⁵/

/mu²¹⁴⁻²¹ jä⁵⁵/


鴨母

/aʔ²⁴⁻³⁵ mo³³/

/a(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ bu⁵³/

/a(ʔ)³²⁻⁴¹ bɤ⁴¹/

/a(ʔ)³⁻⁴ bo⁴⁴⁵/

/a(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ bo⁵³/

/aʔ²⁻⁴ bo⁵²⁻²¹/

/aʔ²⁴⁻³⁵ mo³³/

/a(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ bu⁵³/

/a(ʔ)³²⁻⁴¹ bɤ⁴¹/

/a(ʔ)³⁻⁴ bo⁴⁴⁵/

/a(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ bo⁵³/

/aʔ²⁻⁴ bo⁵²⁻²¹/

(Chongqing Sichuanese, Coastal Min) female duck


鴨咪

/ɒ²¹⁻⁵⁵ pi¹³/

/a(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ bi²⁴/

/a(ʔ)³²⁻⁴² bi²⁴/

/a(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ bi⁴⁴/

/aʔ²⁻⁴ bi³⁵/

/ɒ²¹⁻⁵⁵ pi¹³/

/a(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ bi²⁴/

/a(ʔ)³²⁻⁴² bi²⁴/

/a(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ bi⁴⁴/

/aʔ²⁻⁴ bi³⁵/

(Puxian Min, childish in Zhangzhou Hokkien and Hailufeng Min) duck; ducky


驌驦

/su⁵¹ ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/sʊk̚⁵ sœːŋ⁵⁵/

/su⁵¹ ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/sʊk̚⁵ sœːŋ⁵⁵/


草雞

/t͡sʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰau⁵³⁻¹¹ t͡ɕi¹¹/

/t͡sʰo⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kue³³/

/t͡sʰo⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kue⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰɔ³³ t͡ɕi⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰau⁵³⁻¹¹ t͡ɕi¹¹/

/t͡sʰo⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kue³³/

/t͡sʰo⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kue⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰɔ³³ t͡ɕi⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kue⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kue⁴⁴/

(dialectal Mandarin, Jin, Xiamen and Quanzhou Hokkien, Zhejiang Wu) hen

(dialectal Mandarin) any landrace of chicken in China


草雞

/t͡sʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰau⁵³⁻¹¹ t͡ɕi¹¹/

/t͡sʰo⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kue³³/

/t͡sʰo⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kue⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰɔ³³ t͡ɕi⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰau⁵³⁻¹¹ t͡ɕi¹¹/

/t͡sʰo⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kue³³/

/t͡sʰo⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kue⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰɔ³³ t͡ɕi⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kue⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kue⁴⁴/

(Xiamen Hokkien) katydid (Mecopoda elongata)


羊牢

/iũ²⁴⁻¹¹ tiau²⁴/

/iũ²³⁻³³ tiau²³/

/iũ²⁴⁻²² tiau²⁴/

/iɔ̃¹³⁻²² tiau¹³/

/iũ²⁴⁻¹¹ tiau²⁴/

/iũ²³⁻³³ tiau²³/

/iũ²⁴⁻²² tiau²⁴/

/iɔ̃¹³⁻²² tiau¹³/


羊羔裘

/iũ²⁴⁻²² ko⁴⁴⁻²² hiu²⁴/

/iɔ̃¹³⁻²² ko⁴⁴⁻²² hiu¹³/

/iũ²⁴⁻²² ko⁴⁴⁻²² hiu²⁴/

/iɔ̃¹³⁻²² ko⁴⁴⁻²² hiu¹³/

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) sheepskin overcoat


羊舍

/jɑŋ³⁵ ʂɤ⁵¹/

/jœːŋ²¹ sɛː³³/

/jɑŋ³⁵ ʂɤ⁵¹/

/jœːŋ²¹ sɛː³³/


羊乸

/jœːŋ²¹ naː³⁵/

/jœːŋ²¹ naː³⁵/


母羊

/mu²¹⁴⁻²¹ jɑŋ³⁵/

/mou⁵¹ iɑŋ²⁴/

/mou̯¹³ jœːŋ²¹/

/mu²¹⁴⁻²¹ jɑŋ³⁵/

/mou⁵¹ iɑŋ²⁴/

/mou̯¹³ jœːŋ²¹/


羊母

/yoŋ⁵³⁻³³ mo³³/

/iũ²⁴⁻²² bu⁵⁵/

/iũ²⁴⁻²² bu⁵³/

/iũ²⁴⁻¹¹ bu⁵³/

/iũ²⁴⁻²² bu⁵⁵⁴/

/iũ²³⁻³³ bɤ⁴¹/

/iũ²⁴⁻³³ bo⁵³/

/iũ²⁴⁻¹² bo⁵³/

/iɔ̃¹³⁻²² bo⁵³/

/iɔ̃²⁴⁻³³ bɤ⁵³/

/ĩẽ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ bo⁵²/

/yoŋ⁵³⁻³³ mo³³/

/iũ²⁴⁻²² bu⁵⁵/

/iũ²⁴⁻²² bu⁵³/

/iũ²⁴⁻¹¹ bu⁵³/

/iũ²⁴⁻²² bu⁵⁵⁴/

/iũ²³⁻³³ bɤ⁴¹/

/iũ²⁴⁻³³ bo⁵³/

/iũ²⁴⁻¹² bo⁵³/

/iɔ̃¹³⁻²² bo⁵³/

/iɔ̃²⁴⁻³³ bɤ⁵³/

/ĩẽ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ bo⁵²/


羊咩咩

yêng⁴ mé¹ mé¹

/jœːŋ²¹ mɛː⁵⁵ mɛː⁵⁵/

/i̯oŋ¹¹ me⁵⁵ me⁵⁵/

/iũ²⁴⁻²² mẽ⁴⁴ mẽ⁴⁴/

/iũ²⁴⁻²² mẽ(ʔ)⁵ mẽʔ⁵/

/iɔ̃¹³⁻²² mɛ̃ʔ³² mɛ̃ʔ³²/

/jœːŋ²¹ mɛː⁵⁵ mɛː⁵⁵/

/i̯oŋ¹¹ me⁵⁵ me⁵⁵/

/iũ²⁴⁻²² mẽ⁴⁴ mẽ⁴⁴/

/iũ²⁴⁻²² mẽ(ʔ)⁵ mẽʔ⁵/

/iɔ̃¹³⁻²² mɛ̃ʔ³² mɛ̃ʔ³²/

(Cantonese, Hakka, Southern Min, Pinghua, childish) goat


雞嫲

/ke⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ma¹¹/

/ke⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ma¹¹/

(Hakka, Northern Min) hen; female chicken


犁牛

/li³⁵ ni̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/lɐi̯²¹ ŋɐu̯²¹/

/li³⁵ ni̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/lɐi̯²¹ ŋɐu̯²¹/


牛仔囝

/ɡu²⁴⁻²² a⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kiã⁵³/

/ɡu²³⁻³³ a⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kiã⁴¹/

/ɡu²⁴⁻³³ a⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kiã⁵³/

/ɡu¹³⁻²² a⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kiã⁵³/

/ɡu²⁴⁻²² a⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kiã⁵³/

/ɡu²³⁻³³ a⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kiã⁴¹/

/ɡu²⁴⁻³³ a⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kiã⁵³/

/ɡu¹³⁻²² a⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kiã⁵³/

(Hokkien) calf (young cow or bull) (Classifier: 隻／只 mn)


牛囝

/ŋu⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾iaŋ³³/

/ɡu²⁴⁻²² kiã⁵³/

/ɡu²³⁻²¹ kiã⁴⁴⁵/

/ɡu⁵⁵⁻¹¹ kĩã⁵²/

/ŋu⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾iaŋ³³/

/ɡu²⁴⁻²² kiã⁵³/

/ɡu²³⁻²¹ kiã⁴⁴⁵/

/ɡu⁵⁵⁻¹¹ kĩã⁵²/

(Eastern Min, Puxian Min, Yongchun and Penang Hokkien, Teochew, Hainanese, Leizhou Min) calf (young cow or bull) (Classifier: 隻／只 mn)


牛犢子

/ni̯oʊ̯³⁵ tu³⁵ d͡z̥z̩³/

/ŋɐu̯²¹ tʊk̚² t͡siː³⁵/

/niəu¹¹ tuəʔ⁵⁴ t͡səʔ¹/

/ni̯oʊ̯³⁵ tu³⁵ d͡z̥z̩³/

/ŋɐu̯²¹ tʊk̚² t͡siː³⁵/

/niəu¹¹ tuəʔ⁵⁴ t͡səʔ¹/


牛雄

/ɡu²⁴⁻²² hiɪŋ²⁴/

/ɡu²⁴⁻²² hiɪŋ²⁴/


牛椵仔

/ɡu¹³⁻²² ke¹³⁻²² a⁵³/

/ɡu¹³⁻²² ke¹³⁻²² a⁵³/

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) wooden cangue placed on the mouth of a calf (to prevent it from sucking milk while the cow is being milked)


牛椵

/ɡu²⁴⁻²² ke²⁴/

/ɡu¹³⁻²² ke¹³/

/ɡu²⁴⁻²² ke²⁴/

/ɡu¹³⁻²² ke¹³/

(Quanzhou and Xiamen Hokkien) yoke; oxbow


枷擔

/ka⁴⁴⁻²² tã⁴⁴/

/ka⁴⁴⁻³³ tã⁴⁴/

/ka⁴⁴⁻²² tã⁴⁴/

/ka⁴⁴⁻³³ tã⁴⁴/


牛擔

/ku¹³⁻²¹ tɒ⁵³³/

/ɡu²⁴⁻²² tã⁴⁴/

/ɡu²⁴⁻²² tã³³/

/ɡu¹³⁻²² tã⁴⁴/

/ɡu²⁴⁻¹¹ tã⁴⁴/

/ɡu²³⁻³³ tã⁴⁴/

/ku¹³⁻²¹ tɒ⁵³³/

/ɡu²⁴⁻²² tã⁴⁴/

/ɡu²⁴⁻²² tã³³/

/ɡu¹³⁻²² tã⁴⁴/

/ɡu²⁴⁻¹¹ tã⁴⁴/

/ɡu²³⁻³³ tã⁴⁴/

(Southern Min, Putian Puxian Min) yoke; oxbow


蹺擔

/kʰiau⁴⁴⁻²² tã⁴⁴/

/kʰiau⁴⁴⁻²² tã⁴⁴/


牛枷車

/ɡu²⁴⁻²² ka⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sʰia⁴⁴/

/ɡu²⁴⁻²² ka³³ t͡sʰia³³/

/ɡu²⁴⁻²² ka⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sʰia⁴⁴/

/ɡu²⁴⁻²² ka³³ t͡sʰia³³/


牛扁擔

/ɡu²⁴⁻²² pin³³ tã³³/

/ɡu²⁴⁻²² pin³³ tã³³/

(Quanzhou Hokkien, Suzhounese) yoke; oxbow


牛軛

/ni̯oʊ̯³⁵ ˀɤ⁵¹/

/ŋɐu̯²¹ aːk̚⁵/

/ŋi̯u¹¹ ak̚²/

/ku¹³⁻⁴² ɛʔ¹/

/ku¹³⁻⁴² ɛʔ²/

/n̠ʲi̯əu̯¹³ ŋa̠³³/

/ni̯oʊ̯³⁵ ˀɤ⁵¹/

/ŋɐu̯²¹ aːk̚⁵/

/ŋi̯u¹¹ ak̚²/

/ku¹³⁻⁴² ɛʔ¹/

/ku¹³⁻⁴² ɛʔ²/

/n̠ʲi̯əu̯¹³ ŋa̠³³/


牛蹺擔

/ɡu²⁴⁻²² kʰiau³³ tã³³/

/ɡu²⁴⁻²² kʰiau³³ tã³³/


閹牛

/jɛn⁵⁵ ni̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/jiːm⁵⁵ ŋɐu̯²¹/

/jɛn⁵⁵ ni̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/jiːm⁵⁵ ŋɐu̯²¹/


牛犅

→ Kavalan: hukang

牛牨
牛𪺱
牛公
牛港
牛雄
牛𰠫

/ŋu⁵³⁻³³ køyŋ³³/

/ku¹³⁻²¹ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾aŋ⁴⁵³/

/ku¹³⁻²¹ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾aŋ³³²/

/ɡu¹³⁻²² kaŋ⁵³/

/ɡu²⁴⁻¹¹ kaŋ⁵³/

/ɡu²³⁻³³ kaŋ⁴¹/

/ɡu²⁴⁻¹¹ kaŋ³¹/

/ɡu²⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁵³/

/ɡu²⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁵⁵⁴/

/ŋu⁵³⁻³³ køyŋ³³/

/ku¹³⁻²¹ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾aŋ⁴⁵³/

/ku¹³⁻²¹ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾aŋ³³²/

/ɡu¹³⁻²² kaŋ⁵³/

/ɡu²⁴⁻¹¹ kaŋ⁵³/

/ɡu²³⁻³³ kaŋ⁴¹/

/ɡu²⁴⁻¹¹ kaŋ³¹/

/ɡu²⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁵³/

/ɡu²⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁵⁵⁴/

(Puxian Min) bovine, e.g. cow, bull, ox, buffalo, bison, yak


母馬

/mu²¹⁴⁻³⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/mu²¹⁴⁻³⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


馬母

/ma³³⁻³⁵ mo³³/

/be⁵³⁻⁴⁴ bu⁵³/

/be⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ bu⁵⁵⁴/

/bɛ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ bo⁵³/

/bɯ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ bo⁵²/

/ma³³⁻³⁵ mo³³/

/be⁵³⁻⁴⁴ bu⁵³/

/be⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ bu⁵⁵⁴/

/bɛ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ bo⁵³/

/bɯ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ bo⁵²/

(Eastern Min, Southern Min) female horse; mare


牯牛

/ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ ni̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/kuː³⁵ ŋɐu̯²¹/

/ku⁴¹ n̠ʲi̯əu̯¹³/

/ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ ni̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/kuː³⁵ ŋɐu̯²¹/

/ku⁴¹ n̠ʲi̯əu̯¹³/


白絨雞

/pe(ʔ)²⁴⁻² liɔŋ²⁴⁻²² kue³³/

/pe(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ liɔŋ²⁴⁻²² kue⁴⁴/

/pɛ(ʔ)¹²¹⁻²¹ d͡ziɔŋ¹³⁻²² ke⁴⁴/

/pe(ʔ)²⁴⁻² liɔŋ²⁴⁻²² kue³³/

/pe(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ liɔŋ²⁴⁻²² kue⁴⁴/

/pɛ(ʔ)¹²¹⁻²¹ d͡ziɔŋ¹³⁻²² ke⁴⁴/

(Hokkien) silkie; black-boned chicken (a breed of chicken whose meat is highly valued in Chinese cuisine)


烏絨雞

/ɔ⁴⁴⁻²² liɔŋ²⁴⁻²² kue⁴⁴/

/ɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ ziɔŋ²³⁻³³ ke⁴⁴/

/ɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ ziɔŋ²³⁻³³ kue⁴⁴/

/ɔ⁴⁴⁻²² liɔŋ²⁴⁻²² kue⁴⁴/

/ɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ ziɔŋ²³⁻³³ ke⁴⁴/

/ɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ ziɔŋ²³⁻³³ kue⁴⁴/


雞僆

/ke⁴⁴⁻³⁵ lɔn⁵³/

/kue⁴⁴⁻²² nuã²²/

/ke⁴⁴⁻²² nuã²²/

/koi³³⁻²³ nua²¹³/

/ke⁴⁴⁻³⁵ lɔn⁵³/

/kue⁴⁴⁻²² nuã²²/

/ke⁴⁴⁻²² nuã²²/

/koi³³⁻²³ nua²¹³/

(Meixian and Yudu Hakka, Southern Min) small hen that has not laid eggs


頭牲

/tʰɐu̯²¹ saːŋ⁵⁵/

/tʰe³³ saŋ⁵⁴/

/tʰau⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾laŋ⁵⁵/

/tʰau²⁴⁻²² sĩ⁴⁴/

/tʰau²⁴⁻¹¹ sĩ⁴⁴/

/tʰau¹³⁻²² sɛ̃⁴⁴/

/tʰau²³⁻³³ sẽ⁴⁴/

/tʰɐu̯²¹ saːŋ⁵⁵/

/tʰe³³ saŋ⁵⁴/

/tʰau⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾laŋ⁵⁵/

/tʰau²⁴⁻²² sĩ⁴⁴/

/tʰau²⁴⁻¹¹ sĩ⁴⁴/

/tʰau¹³⁻²² sɛ̃⁴⁴/

/tʰau²³⁻³³ sẽ⁴⁴/

(Cantonese, Hakka, Hokkien, Northern Min, Eastern Min) livestock; domestic animals


賽馬場

/saɪ̯⁵¹ mä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/saɪ̯⁵¹ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵/

/t͡sʰɔːi̯³³ maː¹³ t͡sʰœːŋ²¹/

/saɪ̯⁵¹ mä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/saɪ̯⁵¹ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵/

/t͡sʰɔːi̯³³ maː¹³ t͡sʰœːŋ²¹/

racecourse; racetrack (for horse racing)


北山羊

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵ jɑŋ³⁵/

/pɐk̚⁵ saːn⁵⁵ jœːŋ²¹/

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵ jɑŋ³⁵/

/pɐk̚⁵ saːn⁵⁵ jœːŋ²¹/


羱羊

/ɥɛn³⁵ jɑŋ³⁵/

/jyːn²¹ jœːŋ²¹/

/ɥɛn³⁵ jɑŋ³⁵/

/jyːn²¹ jœːŋ²¹/


西貒

/ɕi⁵⁵ tʰu̯än⁵⁵/

/ɕi⁵⁵ tʰu̯än⁵⁵/


羊圈

/jɑŋ³⁵ t͡ɕy̯ɛn⁵¹/

/jœːŋ²¹ kyːn²²/

/jɑŋ³⁵ t͡ɕy̯ɛn⁵¹/

/jœːŋ²¹ kyːn²²/


羊嫲

/i̯oŋ¹¹ ma¹¹/

/iɔŋ¹¹ ma¹¹/

/iɔŋ³³ ma³³/

/i̯oŋ¹¹ ma¹¹/

/iɔŋ¹¹ ma¹¹/

/iɔŋ³³ ma³³/


羊牯

/jœːŋ²¹ kuː³⁵/

/i̯oŋ¹¹ ku³¹/

/iɔŋ¹¹ ku³¹/

/ĩẽ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ kou⁵²/

/ĩõ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ kou⁵²/

/jœːŋ²¹ kuː³⁵/

/i̯oŋ¹¹ ku³¹/

/iɔŋ¹¹ ku³¹/

/ĩẽ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ kou⁵²/

/ĩõ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ kou⁵²/

(Cantonese) gullible person; fool; pushover


馬駒

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕy⁵⁵/

/maː¹³ kʰɵy̯⁵⁵/

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕy⁵⁵/

/maː¹³ kʰɵy̯⁵⁵/


兒馬

/ˀɤɻ³⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/jiː²¹ maː¹³/

/ˀɤɻ³⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/jiː²¹ maː¹³/


騷馬

/sɑʊ̯⁵⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sɑʊ̯⁵⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


鴨苗

/jä⁵⁵ mi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵/

/aːp̚³ miːu̯²¹/

/jä⁵⁵ mi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵/

/aːp̚³ miːu̯²¹/


雌馬

/t͡sʰz̩³⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʰz̩⁵⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʰiː⁵⁵ maː¹³/

/t͡sʰz̩³⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʰz̩⁵⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʰiː⁵⁵ maː¹³/


鴨黃

/jä⁵⁵ xu̯ɑŋ³⁵/

/aːp̚³ wɔːŋ²¹/

/jä⁵⁵ xu̯ɑŋ³⁵/

/aːp̚³ wɔːŋ²¹/


牛公

/ŋɐu̯²¹ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

/ɡu²⁴⁻²² kaŋ³³/

/ɡu²⁴⁻²¹ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/n̠ʲi̯əu̯¹³ kʊŋ³³/

/n̠ʲi̯əu̯¹³ kən³³/

/ŋɐu̯²¹ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

/ɡu²⁴⁻²² kaŋ³³/

/ɡu²⁴⁻²¹ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/n̠ʲi̯əu̯¹³ kʊŋ³³/

/n̠ʲi̯əu̯¹³ kən³³/

(Cantonese, dialectal Hakka, Southern Min, Puxian Min, Xiang) bull


牛牯

/ŋɐu̯²¹ kuː³⁵/

/n̠ʲiu³⁵ ku²¹³/

/ŋi̯u¹¹ ku³¹/

/ɡu²⁴⁻²² kɔ⁵³/

/ɡu⁵⁵⁻¹¹ kou⁵²/

/n̠ʲi̯əu̯¹³ ku⁴¹/

/ŋɐu̯²¹ kuː³⁵/

/n̠ʲiu³⁵ ku²¹³/

/ŋi̯u¹¹ ku³¹/

/ɡu²⁴⁻²² kɔ⁵³/

/ɡu⁵⁵⁻¹¹ kou⁵²/

/n̠ʲi̯əu̯¹³ ku⁴¹/


牤牛

/mɑŋ⁵⁵ ni̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/mɔːŋ⁵⁵ ŋɐu̯²¹/

/mɑŋ⁵⁵ ni̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/mɔːŋ⁵⁵ ŋɐu̯²¹/


鴨雄

/aʔ²⁴⁻²¹ hyŋ⁵³/

/a(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ hiɪŋ²⁴/

/a(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ hiɪŋ¹³/

/aʔ²⁻⁴ heŋ⁵⁵/

/aʔ²⁴⁻²¹ hyŋ⁵³/

/a(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ hiɪŋ²⁴/

/a(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ hiɪŋ¹³/

/aʔ²⁻⁴ heŋ⁵⁵/

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) immature male shelduck (often slaughtered for nutritional properties)


鴨雄仔

/a(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ hiɪŋ²⁴⁻²² a⁵³/

/a(ʔ)²⁻⁵³ hiɪŋ²⁴⁻³³ a⁵³/

/a(ʔ)³²⁻⁴¹ hiɪŋ²³⁻³³ a⁴¹/

/a(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ hiɪŋ²⁴⁻³³ a⁵³/

/a(ʔ)⁵⁻⁵³ hiɪŋ²⁴⁻²² a⁵⁵/

/a(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ hiɪŋ¹³⁻²² a⁵³/

/a(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ hiɪŋ²⁴⁻²² a⁵³/

/a(ʔ)²⁻⁵³ hiɪŋ²⁴⁻³³ a⁵³/

/a(ʔ)³²⁻⁴¹ hiɪŋ²³⁻³³ a⁴¹/

/a(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ hiɪŋ²⁴⁻³³ a⁵³/

/a(ʔ)⁵⁻⁵³ hiɪŋ²⁴⁻²² a⁵⁵/

/a(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ hiɪŋ¹³⁻²² a⁵³/


牤子

/mɑŋ⁵⁵ d͡z̥z̩²/

/mɑŋ⁵⁵ d͡z̥z̩²/


鴨仔

/aːp̚³ t͡sɐi̯³⁵/

/ap̚² e³¹⁻¹¹/

/a²⁴ t͡siɛ²¹/

/a(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ a⁵³/

/a(ʔ)³²⁻⁴⁴ a⁵³/

/a(ʔ)³²⁻⁴⁴ a⁵³/

/a(ʔ)³²⁻⁴⁴ a⁴¹/

/aːp̚³ t͡sɐi̯³⁵/

/ap̚² e³¹⁻¹¹/

/a²⁴ t͡siɛ²¹/

/a(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ a⁵³/

/a(ʔ)³²⁻⁴⁴ a⁵³/

/a(ʔ)³²⁻⁴⁴ a⁵³/

/a(ʔ)³²⁻⁴⁴ a⁴¹/

(Cantonese, healthcare, colloquial) medical urinal; urine bottle


牛犅仔

/ɡu²⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁵⁵⁻³⁵ a⁵⁵/

/ɡu²⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁵⁵⁻³⁵ a⁵⁵/


一唱雄雞天下白

ㄧ ㄔㄤˋ ㄒㄩㄥˊ ㄐㄧ ㄊㄧㄢ ㄒㄧㄚˋ ㄅㄞˊ

ичансюнцзитяньсябай

/i⁵⁵⁻³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ⁵¹ ɕi̯ʊŋ³⁵ t͡ɕi⁵⁵ tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ɕi̯ä⁵¹ paɪ̯³⁵/


鴨囝

/aʔ²⁴⁻³⁵ kiaŋ³³/

/a(ʔ)³⁻⁴ kiã⁴⁴⁵/

/aʔ²⁻⁴ kĩã⁵²⁻²¹/

/aʔ²⁴⁻³⁵ kiaŋ³³/

/a(ʔ)³⁻⁴ kiã⁴⁴⁵/

/aʔ²⁻⁴ kĩã⁵²⁻²¹/

(Eastern Min, Penang Hokkien, Teochew, Leizhou Min) duckling


豬囊

/tɯ³³⁻²³ laŋ⁵²/

/tɯ³³⁻²³ laŋ⁵²/


跑馬地

/pʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ ti⁵¹/

/pʰaːu̯³⁵ maː¹³ tei̯²²⁻³⁵/

/pʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ ti⁵¹/

/pʰaːu̯³⁵ maː¹³ tei̯²²⁻³⁵/

Happy Valley (a residential area in Hong Kong)


恨賊勒

/xən⁵¹ t͡seɪ̯³⁵ lɤ⁵¹/

/xən⁵¹ t͡seɪ̯³⁵ lɤ⁵¹/

2011 August 15, 太阳地里的蚂蚁, 斋月第十五天 穿过人群:

It was in that not-so-tiny ethnic Hui village somewhere along the old course of the Yellow River in Southern Shandong, where I spent a childhood so unadulterated that I hardly had a chance to encounter ethnic Han, and I had never even seen a "khinzīr" (pig).

Zài shāndōng xīnán bù huánghé gùdào biān nà zuò bù xiǎo de huízú cūnzǐ lǐ, wǒ de tóngnián rúcǐ chúncuì, wǒ jǐhū méiyǒu jīhuì jiēchù hànzú, wǒ shènzhì méiyǒu jiàn guò “hènzéilè” (zhū).

在山東西南部黃河故道邊那座不小的回族村子裡，我的童年如此純粹，我幾乎沒有機會接觸漢族，我甚至沒有見過“恨賊勒”（豬）。

2011 August 15, 太阳地里的蚂蚁, 斋月第十五天 穿过人群:

在山东西南部黄河故道边那座不小的回族村子里，我的童年如此纯粹，我几乎没有机会接触汉族，我甚至没有见过“恨贼勒”（猪）。


半番

/puã⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ huan³³/

/puã²¹⁻⁵³ huan⁴⁴/

/puã⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ huan³³/

/puã²¹⁻⁵³ huan⁴⁴/

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) mixed breed of a Muscovy duck and a native shelduck


保膘

/pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ pi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵/

/pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ pi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵/


豬兒

/t͡su¹¹ əɻ¹¹/

/t͡su¹¹ əɻ¹¹/


水鴨

/ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ jä⁵⁵/

/sɵy̯³⁵ ŋaːp̚³/

/t͡sui⁵³⁻⁴⁴ aʔ³²/

/t͡sui⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ aʔ⁵/

/t͡sui⁵³⁻⁴⁴ aʔ³²/

/t͡sui⁵³⁻⁴⁴ aʔ³²/

/t͡sui⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ aʔ³²/

/ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ jä⁵⁵/

/sɵy̯³⁵ ŋaːp̚³/

/t͡sui⁵³⁻⁴⁴ aʔ³²/

/t͡sui⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ aʔ⁵/

/t͡sui⁵³⁻⁴⁴ aʔ³²/

/t͡sui⁵³⁻⁴⁴ aʔ³²/

/t͡sui⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ aʔ³²/


馬鼻

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ pi³⁵/

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ pi³⁵/

贏個馬鼻

赢个马鼻


馬婆

/ma̠⁴¹ pʰo¹³/

/ma̠⁴¹ pʰo¹³/


馬婆子

/ma̠⁴¹ pʰo¹³ t͡sz̩³/

/ma̠⁴¹ pʰo¹³ t͡sz̩³/


鴨崽子

/ŋat̚⁵ t͡sai²¹³⁻²¹ t͡sz̩¹/

/ŋa̠²⁴ t͡sai̯⁴¹ t͡sz̩³/

/ŋat̚⁵ t͡sai²¹³⁻²¹ t͡sz̩¹/

/ŋa̠²⁴ t͡sai̯⁴¹ t͡sz̩³/


鴨婆子

/ŋa̠²⁴ po¹³ t͡sz̩³/

/ŋa̠²⁴ po¹³ t͡sz̩³/


牛枷

/n̠ʲi̯əu̯¹³ ka̠³³/

/n̠ʲi̯əu̯¹³ ka̠³³/


母鴨子

/mu⁵³ iaʔ² t͡səʔ³/

/mu⁵³ iaʔ² t͡səʔ³/


鴨婆

/ŋat̚⁵ pʰo²⁴/

/ŋa̠²⁴ po¹³/

/ŋat̚⁵ pʰo²⁴/

/ŋa̠²⁴ po¹³/

(Sichuanese, dialectal Cantonese, Jiangxi Hakka, Gan, Xiang) female duck


鴨公

/aːp̚³ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

/ŋat̚⁵ kuŋ⁴²/

/ap⁵⁻² kuŋ⁵³/

/ap̚¹ kʊŋ⁴⁴/

/ɒ²¹⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾aŋ⁵³³/

/a(ʔ)³²⁻⁴¹ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/a⁵⁻³⁴ kaŋ³³⁴/

/a(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/ŋa̠²⁴ kʊŋ³³/

/ŋa̠²⁴ kən³³/

/aːp̚³ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

/ŋat̚⁵ kuŋ⁴²/

/ap⁵⁻² kuŋ⁵³/

/ap̚¹ kʊŋ⁴⁴/

/ɒ²¹⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾aŋ⁵³³/

/a(ʔ)³²⁻⁴¹ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/a⁵⁻³⁴ kaŋ³³⁴/

/a(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/ŋa̠²⁴ kʊŋ³³/

/ŋa̠²⁴ kən³³/


牛婆子

/n̠ʲəu̯¹³ po¹³ t͡sz̩³/

/n̠ʲəu̯¹³ po¹³ t͡sz̩³/

(Xiang) female cow (especially those that have given birth)


牛婆

/n̠ʲəu̯¹³ po¹³/

/n̠ʲəu̯¹³ po¹³/

(dialectal) female cow (in Changsha, especially those that have given birth)


牛牯子

/n̠ʲi̯əu̯¹³ ku⁴¹ t͡sz̩³/

/n̠ʲi̯əu̯¹³ ku⁴¹ t͡sz̩³/


雁鵝

/jɛn⁵¹ ˀɤ³⁵/

/ŋan²¹³ o²¹/

/ˈŋaŋ¹¹ ŋo³⁵/

/ŋian⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ŋo¹¹/

/ŋan⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ŋo¹¹/

/ŋaŋ²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ ŋo⁵³/

/ŋaŋ³⁵⁻¹¹ ɡo⁵⁵/

/ŋai̯²¹⁻¹¹ o¹³/

/jɛn⁵¹ ˀɤ³⁵/

/ŋan²¹³ o²¹/

/ˈŋaŋ¹¹ ŋo³⁵/

/ŋian⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ŋo¹¹/

/ŋan⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ŋo¹¹/

/ŋaŋ²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ ŋo⁵³/

/ŋaŋ³⁵⁻¹¹ ɡo⁵⁵/

/ŋai̯²¹⁻¹¹ o¹³/


騷牯子

/sɒu̯³³ ku⁴¹ t͡sz̩³/

/sɒu̯³³ ku⁴¹ t͡sz̩³/


老母豬

/lɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ mu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵/

/lau⁵³⁻¹¹ mu⁵³ t͡su¹¹/

/lɔ²² m̩⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹/

/lɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ mu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵/

/lau⁵³⁻¹¹ mu⁵³ t͡su¹¹/

/lɔ²² m̩⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹/

(dialectal Mandarin, Jin, Northern Wu) female pig; sow


乳豬

/ʐu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵/

/jyː¹³ t͡syː⁵⁵/

/ʐu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵/

/jyː¹³ t͡syː⁵⁵/


羊婆子

/i̯æn¹³ po¹³ t͡sz̩³/

/i̯æn¹³ po¹³ t͡sz̩³/


牸牛子

/t͡si²¹⁻¹¹ n̠ʲi̯əu̯¹³ t͡sz̩³/

/t͡ɕi²¹⁻¹¹ n̠ʲi̯əu̯¹³ t͡sz̩³/

/t͡si²¹⁻¹¹ n̠ʲi̯əu̯¹³ t͡sz̩³/

/t͡ɕi²¹⁻¹¹ n̠ʲi̯əu̯¹³ t͡sz̩³/


牸牛

/t͡sz̩⁵¹ ni̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/t͡siː²² ŋɐu̯²¹/

/t͡si²¹⁻¹¹ n̠ʲi̯əu̯¹³/

/t͡ɕi²¹⁻¹¹ n̠ʲi̯əu̯¹³/

/t͡sz̩⁵¹ ni̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/t͡siː²² ŋɐu̯²¹/

/t͡si²¹⁻¹¹ n̠ʲi̯əu̯¹³/

/t͡ɕi²¹⁻¹¹ n̠ʲi̯əu̯¹³/


豬嫲

/t͡ʃu⁵³ ma⁵⁵/

/t͡su⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ma¹¹/

/t͡ʃu⁵³ ma⁵⁵/

/t͡su⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ma¹¹/


馬嫲

/ma⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ma¹¹/

/ma⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ma¹¹/

(Hakka, Northern Min) female horse; mare


仔雞

/t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi⁵⁵/

/t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi⁵⁵/


子雞

/t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi⁵⁵/

/t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi⁵⁵/


騄駬

/lu⁵¹ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lu⁵¹ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

The steeds of the Son of Heaven are: Chiji, Daoli, Baiyi, Yulun, Shanzi, Quhuang, Hualiu, and Lü'er.

The Tale of King Mu, Son of Heaven, c. 370 – 330 BCE

Tiānzǐ zhī jùn: Chìjì, Dàolí, Báiyì, Yúlún, Shānzǐ, Qúhuáng, Huáliú, Lǜ'ěr.

天子之駿：赤驥、盜驪、白義、踰輪、山子、渠黃、華騮、綠耳。

天子之骏：赤骥、盗骊、白义、逾轮、山子、渠黄、华骝、绿耳。


公鴨子

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ jä⁵⁵ d͡z̥z̩²/

/koŋ⁵⁵ ia²¹ t͡sz̩⁵³/

/kuŋ¹¹ iaʔ² t͡səʔ³/

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ jä⁵⁵ d͡z̥z̩²/

/koŋ⁵⁵ ia²¹ t͡sz̩⁵³/

/kuŋ¹¹ iaʔ² t͡səʔ³/


小鴨兒

/ɕiau⁵³ ia²¹ ɚ²¹⁻⁵⁵/

/ɕiau⁵³ ia²¹ ɚ²¹⁻⁵⁵/

(dialectal Mandarin, dialectal Wu) Erhua form of 小鴨／小鸭 (xiǎoyā).


豬婆

/t͡ɕy⁴² pʰo²⁴/

/t͡ɕy⁴² pʰo²⁴/


犍牛

/t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ni̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/kiːn⁵⁵ ŋɐu̯²¹/

/t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ni̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/kiːn⁵⁵ ŋɐu̯²¹/


雄鴨

/ɕi̯ʊŋ³⁵ jä⁵⁵/

/hʊŋ²¹ aːp̚³/

/ɦioŋ²² aʔ⁴⁴/

/ɕi̯ʊŋ³⁵ jä⁵⁵/

/hʊŋ²¹ aːp̚³/

/ɦioŋ²² aʔ⁴⁴/


芻豢

/ʈ͡ʂʰu³⁵ xu̯än⁵¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʰu³⁵ xu̯än⁵¹/

In this month orders are given to the officers of slaughter and prayer to go round among the victims for sacrifice, seeing that they are entire and complete, examining their fodder and grain, [and] inspecting their condition as fat or thin.

The Book of Rites, c. 4ᵗʰ – 2ⁿᵈ century BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

Shì yuè yě, nǎi mìng zǎi zhù, xúnxìng xīshēng, shì quánjù, àn chúhuàn, zhān féijí.

是月也，乃命宰祝，循行犧牲，視全具，案芻豢，瞻肥瘠。

是月也，乃命宰祝，循行牺牲，视全具，案刍豢，瞻肥瘠。

(literary) fodder (grass and grains as animal food)

(literary) livestock (domestic animal raised for food or as sacrificial victim)

With the present rulers all is different. They would heavily tax the people in order to enjoy elaborately the different meats and fish and turtle cooked in various ways

Mozi, c. 4ᵗʰ century BCE, translated based on Y. P. Mei's version

Jīn zé bùrán, hòu zuòliǎn yú bǎixìng, yǐwèi měishí chúhuàn, zhēngzhì yúbiē.

今則不然，厚作斂於百姓，以為美食芻豢，蒸炙魚鱉。

今则不然，厚作敛于百姓，以为美食刍豢，蒸炙鱼鳖。

Therefore the principles of our nature and the determinations of righteousness are agreeable to my mind, just as the flesh of grass and grain-fed animals is agreeable to my mouth.

Mencius, c. 4ᵗʰ century BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

Gù lǐyì zhī yuè wǒxīn, yóu chúhuàn zhī yuè wǒkǒu.

故理義之悅我心，猶芻豢之悅我口。

故理义之悦我心，犹刍豢之悦我口。

(literary) meat (livestock flesh as food)


羊棚

/ɦiã²² bã⁴⁴/

/ɦiã²² bã⁴⁴/


鴛鴦鳥

/yø⁵⁵ iã³³ tiɔ²¹/

/yø⁵⁵ iã³³ tiɔ²¹/


野鴨

/jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹ jä⁵⁵/

/jɛː¹³ aːp̚³/

/ɦia²² aʔ⁴⁴/

/i̯a̠⁴¹ ŋa̠²⁴/

/jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹ jä⁵⁵/

/jɛː¹³ aːp̚³/

/ɦia²² aʔ⁴⁴/

/i̯a̠⁴¹ ŋa̠²⁴/


雌鴨

/t͡sʰz̩³⁵ jä⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰz̩⁵⁵ jä⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰiː⁵⁵ aːp̚³/

/t͡sʰz̩⁵⁵ aʔ²¹/

/t͡sʰz̩³⁵ jä⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰz̩⁵⁵ jä⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰiː⁵⁵ aːp̚³/

/t͡sʰz̩⁵⁵ aʔ²¹/


鴨里里

/aʔ³³ li⁵⁵ li²¹/

/aʔ³³ li⁵⁵ li²¹/


老豬

/lau³⁵⁻¹¹ tɯ³³/

/lau³⁵⁻¹¹ tɯ³³/


眾牲

/t͡soŋ⁵⁵ sã²¹/

/t͡soŋ⁵⁵ sã²¹/

You're totally the type of person that's just an animal!

⁶non ⁸geq-tson ⁶gnin ⁰gha ¹tsen-tsen ⁶zy ⁷tsaq ¹tson-san

儂搿種人啊，真正是隻眾牲！

侬搿种人啊，真正是只众牲！


和牛

/xɤ³⁵ ni̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/wɔː²¹ ŋɐu̯²¹/

/xɤ³⁵ ni̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/wɔː²¹ ŋɐu̯²¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 和牛 (wagyū).


赤媽仔

/t͡sʰia(ʔ)²⁻⁵³ mã⁴⁴⁻³³ a⁵³/

/t͡sʰia(ʔ)²⁻⁵³ mã⁴⁴⁻³³ a⁵³/


赤牛

/t͡sʰak̚² ŋi̯u¹¹/

/t͡ʃʰak⁵⁻² ŋiu⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰia(ʔ)⁵⁻⁵³ ɡu²⁴/

/t͡sʰia(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ ɡu²⁴/

/t͡sʰak̚² ŋi̯u¹¹/

/t͡ʃʰak⁵⁻² ŋiu⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰia(ʔ)⁵⁻⁵³ ɡu²⁴/

/t͡sʰia(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ ɡu²⁴/

(Taiwanese Hokkien and Hakka) ox; cattle


赤牛仔

/t͡sʰia(ʔ)³²⁻⁴¹ ɡu²³⁻³³ a⁴¹/

/t͡sʰia(ʔ)²⁻⁵³ ɡu²⁴⁻³³ a⁵³/

/t͡sʰia(ʔ)³²⁻⁴¹ ɡu²³⁻³³ a⁴¹/

/t͡sʰia(ʔ)²⁻⁵³ ɡu²⁴⁻³³ a⁵³/

(Taiwanese Hokkien, Southern Sixian Hakka) ox; cattle


馬票

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ pʰi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/maː¹³ piːu̯⁵⁵/

/bɛ⁴⁴⁵⁻³³ pio³³/

/be⁴²⁻²⁴ pio⁴⁴/

/be⁵²⁻³⁵ pʰio³³/

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ pʰi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/maː¹³ piːu̯⁵⁵/

/bɛ⁴⁴⁵⁻³³ pio³³/

/be⁴²⁻²⁴ pio⁴⁴/

/be⁵²⁻³⁵ pʰio³³/


北京鴨

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ jä⁵⁵/

/pɐk̚⁵ kɪŋ⁵⁵ aːp̚³/

/pak̚³²⁻⁴ kiã⁴⁴⁻²² aʔ³²/

/pak̚⁵⁻²⁴ kiã³³ aʔ⁵/

/pak̚³²⁻⁵ kiã⁴⁴⁻²² aʔ³²/

/pak̚³²⁻⁴ kiã⁴⁴⁻³³ aʔ³²/

/pak̚³²⁻⁴ kiã⁴⁴⁻³³ aʔ³²/

/pak̚²⁻⁴ kĩã³³⁻²³ aʔ²/

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ jä⁵⁵/

/pɐk̚⁵ kɪŋ⁵⁵ aːp̚³/

/pak̚³²⁻⁴ kiã⁴⁴⁻²² aʔ³²/

/pak̚⁵⁻²⁴ kiã³³ aʔ⁵/

/pak̚³²⁻⁵ kiã⁴⁴⁻²² aʔ³²/

/pak̚³²⁻⁴ kiã⁴⁴⁻³³ aʔ³²/

/pak̚³²⁻⁴ kiã⁴⁴⁻³³ aʔ³²/

/pak̚²⁻⁴ kĩã³³⁻²³ aʔ²/


野鴨子

/iɛ⁵³ ia²¹ t͡sz̩⁵³/

/iɛ⁵³ ia²¹ t͡sz̩⁵³/


黃牯子

(Changsha Xiang) bull (male of domesticated cattle)


黃牯

(Changsha Xiang, Huizhou) bull (male of domesticated cattle)


鴨囝囝

/aʔ²⁴⁻²¹ kiaŋ³³⁻³⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋiaŋ³³/

/aʔ²⁴⁻²¹ kiaŋ³³⁻³⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋiaŋ³³/


子鴨

/t͡siː³⁵ aːp̚³⁻³⁵/

/t͡siː³⁵ aːp̚³⁻³⁵/


黑雞

/xəʔ²⁻⁵⁴ t͡ɕi¹¹/

/xəʔ²⁻⁵⁴ t͡ɕi¹¹/

(Jin) silkie; black-boned chicken (a breed of chicken whose meat is highly valued in Chinese cuisine)


烏騅馬

Sino-Xenic (烏騅馬):
* → Japanese: 烏騅馬(うすいば) (usuiba)
* → Korean: 오추마(烏騅馬) (ochuma)

/u⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/wuː⁵⁵ t͡sɵy̯⁵⁵ maː¹³/

/ou³³⁻²³ t͡sui³³⁻²³ be⁵²/

/u⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/wuː⁵⁵ t͡sɵy̯⁵⁵ maː¹³/

/ou³³⁻²³ t͡sui³³⁻²³ be⁵²/

(historical, literary) black piebald steed, famously ridden by Xiang Yu


二師兄

/ˀɤɻ⁵¹ ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ ɕi̯ʊŋ⁵⁵/

/ˀɤɻ⁵¹ ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ ɕi̯ʊŋ⁵⁵/

Zhu Bajie is the second helper of Tang Sanzang.


綠頭鴨

/ly⁵¹ tʰoʊ̯³⁵ jä⁵⁵/

/lʊk̚² tʰɐu̯²¹ aːp̚³/

/ly⁵¹ tʰoʊ̯³⁵ jä⁵⁵/

/lʊk̚² tʰɐu̯²¹ aːp̚³/

Anas platyrhynchos
Anas platyrhynchos#Translingual


蛋雞

/tän⁵¹ t͡ɕi⁵⁵/

/tän⁵¹ t͡ɕi⁵⁵/


卵用雞

/lu̯än²¹⁴⁻²¹ jʊŋ⁵¹ t͡ɕi⁵⁵/

/lu̯än²¹⁴⁻²¹ jʊŋ⁵¹ t͡ɕi⁵⁵/


蛋用雞

/tän⁵¹⁻⁵³ jʊŋ⁵¹ t͡ɕi⁵⁵/

/tän⁵¹⁻⁵³ jʊŋ⁵¹ t͡ɕi⁵⁵/


膘情

/pi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰiŋ³⁵/

/pi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰiŋ³⁵/


番鴨

/fän⁵⁵ jä⁵⁵/

/faːn⁵⁵ aːp̚³⁻³⁵/

/huan⁴⁴⁻²² aʔ³²/

/huan⁴⁴⁻²² aʔ³²/

/huan⁴⁴⁻³³ aʔ³²/

/huan⁴⁴⁻³³ aʔ³²/

/fän⁵⁵ jä⁵⁵/

/faːn⁵⁵ aːp̚³⁻³⁵/

/huan⁴⁴⁻²² aʔ³²/

/huan⁴⁴⁻²² aʔ³²/

/huan⁴⁴⁻³³ aʔ³²/

/huan⁴⁴⁻³³ aʔ³²/

The one with a sharp beak is a chicken; while the other one with a flat beak is a Muscovy duck.

chiam tshuì sī ke o͘h, pián tshuì sī hoan-ah

尖喙是雞喔 扁喙是番鴨

尖喙是鸡喔 扁喙是番鸭


骨纞兒

/kuəʔ² lye⁴⁵ əɻ¹¹/

/kuəʔ² lye⁴⁵ əɻ¹¹/


馬拉雞

/maː¹³ laːi̯⁵⁵ kɐi̯⁵⁵/

/maː¹³ laːi̯⁵⁵ kɐi̯⁵⁵/

(Singapore Cantonese) A breed of chicken that is very thin and does not have much meat


肉羊

/ʐoʊ̯⁵¹ jɑŋ³⁵/

/ʐoʊ̯⁵¹ jɑŋ³⁵/


菜羊

/t͡sʰaɪ̯⁵¹ jɑŋ³⁵/

/t͡sʰaɪ̯⁵¹ jɑŋ³⁵/


菜牛

/t͡sʰaɪ̯⁵¹ ni̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/t͡sʰɔːi̯³³ ŋɐu̯²¹/

/t͡sʰaɪ̯⁵¹ ni̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/t͡sʰɔːi̯³³ ŋɐu̯²¹/


肉牛

/ʐoʊ̯⁵¹ ni̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/ba(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ ɡu²⁴/

/ba(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ ɡu¹³/

/ba(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ ɡu²⁴/

/ba(ʔ)³²⁻⁴¹ ɡu²³/

/ʐoʊ̯⁵¹ ni̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/ba(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ ɡu²⁴/

/ba(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ ɡu¹³/

/ba(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ ɡu²⁴/

/ba(ʔ)³²⁻⁴¹ ɡu²³/


羊毛脂

/jɑŋ³⁵ mɑʊ̯³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/

/jɑŋ³⁵ mɑʊ̯³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/


菜禽

/t͡sʰaɪ̯⁵¹ t͡ɕʰin³⁵/

/t͡sʰaɪ̯⁵¹ t͡ɕʰin³⁵/


肉禽

/ʐoʊ̯⁵¹ t͡ɕʰin³⁵/

/ʐoʊ̯⁵¹ t͡ɕʰin³⁵/


絨雞

/ziɔŋ²³⁻³³ kue⁴⁴/

/ziɔŋ²³⁻³³ ke⁴⁴/

/liɔŋ²⁴⁻²² kue³³/

/ziɔŋ²³⁻³³ kue⁴⁴/

/ziɔŋ²³⁻³³ ke⁴⁴/

/liɔŋ²⁴⁻²² kue³³/

(Hokkien) silky; silkie (breed of chicken)


竹絲雞

/t͡sʊk̚⁵ siː⁵⁵ kɐi̯⁵⁵/

/t͡sʊk̚⁵ siː⁵⁵ kɐi̯⁵⁵/

(Cantonese) silkie (a breed of chicken) (Classifier: 隻／只 c)


讓賽

/ʐɑŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ saɪ̯⁵¹/

/jœːŋ²² t͡sʰɔːi̯³³/

/ʐɑŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ saɪ̯⁵¹/

/jœːŋ²² t͡sʰɔːi̯³³/


好至快地

/hou̯³⁵ t͡siː³³ faːi̯³³ tei̯²²/

/hou̯³⁵ t͡siː³³ faːi̯³³ tei̯²²/

(Hong Kong, horse racing) good to firm ground


好至黏地

(Hong Kong, horse racing) good to soft ground


檔位

/tɑŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ weɪ̯⁵¹/

/tɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ weɪ̯⁵¹/

/tɔːŋ³³ wɐi̯²²⁻³⁵/

/tɑŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ weɪ̯⁵¹/

/tɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ weɪ̯⁵¹/

/tɔːŋ³³ wɐi̯²²⁻³⁵/


草飼牛

/t͡sʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ sz̩⁵¹ ni̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/t͡sʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ sz̩⁵¹ ni̯oʊ̯³⁵/


搶口

/t͡sʰœːŋ³⁵ hɐu̯³⁵/

/t͡sʰœːŋ³⁵ hɐu̯³⁵/

(Cantonese, horse racing, of a horse) to root (tug or pull at the reins aggressively by driving the head downwards while wearing a bit)


科卡士

/fɔː⁵⁵ kʰaː⁵⁵ siː²²⁻³⁵/

/fɔː⁵⁵ kʰaː⁵⁵ siː²²⁻³⁵/

(Hong Kong Cantonese, horse racing, gambling, dated) forecast


披士

/pʰei̯⁵⁵ siː²²⁻³⁵/

/pʰei̯⁵⁵ siː²²⁻³⁵/

(Hong Kong Cantonese, horse racing, gambling) place (position)


鴨母仔

/a(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ bo⁵³⁻⁴⁴ a⁵³/

/a(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ bo⁵³⁻⁴⁴ a⁵³/

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) Jinding duck (a breed of duck)


闊喙婆

/kʰua(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ t͡sʰui²¹⁻⁵³ po¹³/

/kʰua(ʔ)⁵ t͡sʰui⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ po²⁴/

/kʰua(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ t͡sʰui²¹⁻⁵³ po²⁴/

/kʰua(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ t͡sʰui²¹⁻⁵³ po¹³/

/kʰua(ʔ)⁵ t͡sʰui⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ po²⁴/

/kʰua(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ t͡sʰui²¹⁻⁵³ po²⁴/


羊栱

/iũ²⁴⁻²² kɔŋ⁵⁵⁴/

/iũ²⁴⁻²² kɔŋ⁵⁵⁴/


豬種

/ti³³ t͡siɪŋ³³/

/ti³³ t͡siɪŋ³³/


鴨伲

/aʔ²⁻⁴ ni³⁵/

/aʔ²⁻⁴ ni³⁵/


牛種

/ɡu²⁴⁻³³ t͡siɪŋ⁵³/

/ɡu²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡siɪŋ⁵³/

/ɡu²⁴⁻²² t͡siɪŋ⁵⁵/

/ɡu²⁴⁻³³ t͡siɪŋ⁵³/

/ɡu²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡siɪŋ⁵³/

/ɡu²⁴⁻²² t͡siɪŋ⁵⁵/

(Taiwanese Hokkien) cow kept for breeding


牛種仔

/ɡu²³⁻³³ t͡siɪŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ a⁴¹/

/ɡu²⁴⁻³³ t͡siɪŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ a⁵³/

/ɡu²³⁻³³ t͡siɪŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ a⁴¹/

/ɡu²⁴⁻³³ t͡siɪŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ a⁵³/

(Kaohsiung and Tainan Hokkien) cow kept for breeding


黃牛猴

/ŋ̍²⁴⁻²² ɡu²⁴⁻²² kau²⁴/

/ŋ̍²⁴⁻²² ɡu²⁴⁻²² kau²⁴/


種牛

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ni̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/t͡sʊŋ³⁵ ŋɐu̯²¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ni̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/t͡sʊŋ³⁵ ŋɐu̯²¹/


牛哥

/ku¹³⁻²¹ ko⁵³³/

/ku¹³⁻²¹ kɵ⁵³³/

/ɡu²⁴⁻³³ ko⁴⁴/

/ɡu²⁴⁻¹² ko⁴⁴/

/ɡu²⁴⁻³³ kɤ⁴⁴/

/ɡu²³⁻³³ kɤ⁴⁴/

/ku¹³⁻²¹ ko⁵³³/

/ku¹³⁻²¹ kɵ⁵³³/

/ɡu²⁴⁻³³ ko⁴⁴/

/ɡu²⁴⁻¹² ko⁴⁴/

/ɡu²⁴⁻³³ kɤ⁴⁴/

/ɡu²³⁻³³ kɤ⁴⁴/


筍雞

/su̯ən²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi⁵⁵/

/sɵn³⁵ kɐi̯⁵⁵/

/su̯ən²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi⁵⁵/

/sɵn³⁵ kɐi̯⁵⁵/


成畜

/ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu⁵¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu⁵¹/


番雞

/huaŋ³³⁻²³ koi³³/

/huaŋ³³⁻²³ koi³³/


紅面鴨

/aŋ²³⁻³³ bin³³⁻²¹ aʔ³²/

/aŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ bin³³⁻¹¹ aʔ³²/

/aŋ²³⁻³³ bin³³⁻²¹ aʔ³²/

/aŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ bin³³⁻¹¹ aʔ³²/


正番

/t͡siã²¹⁻⁴¹ huan⁴⁴/

/t͡siã¹¹⁻⁵³ huan⁴⁴/

/t͡siã²¹⁻⁵³ huan⁴⁴/

/t͡siã²¹⁻⁴¹ huan⁴⁴/

/t͡siã¹¹⁻⁵³ huan⁴⁴/

/t͡siã²¹⁻⁵³ huan⁴⁴/


全番鴨

/t͡suĩ¹³⁻²² huan⁴⁴⁻²² aʔ³²/

/t͡suĩ¹³⁻²² huan⁴⁴⁻²² aʔ³²/


半番鴨

/puã²¹⁻⁵³ huan⁴⁴⁻²² aʔ³²/

/puã²¹⁻⁵³ huan⁴⁴⁻²² aʔ³²/

(Zhangzhou Hokkien) mixed breed of a Muscovy duck and a native shelduck


土番

/tʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ huan⁴⁴/

/tʰɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ huan³³/

/tʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ huan⁴⁴/

/tʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ huan⁴⁴/

/tʰɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ huan⁴⁴/

/tʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ huan⁴⁴/

/tʰɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ huan³³/

/tʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ huan⁴⁴/

/tʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ huan⁴⁴/

/tʰɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ huan⁴⁴/

(Hokkien) mixed breed of a Muscovy duck and a native shelduck


全番

/t͡suĩ¹³⁻²² huan⁴⁴/

/t͡suĩ¹³⁻²² huan⁴⁴/


菜鴨

/t͡sʰai²¹⁻⁵³ aʔ³²/

/t͡sʰai²¹⁻⁴¹ aʔ³²/

/t͡sʰai¹¹⁻⁵³ aʔ³²/

/t͡sʰai²¹⁻⁵³ aʔ³²/

/t͡sʰai²¹⁻⁴¹ aʔ³²/

/t͡sʰai¹¹⁻⁵³ aʔ³²/

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) mixed breed of a Muscovy duck and a native shelduck


正番鴨

/ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵¹ fän⁵⁵ jä⁵⁵/

/t͡siã²¹⁻⁵³ huan⁴⁴⁻²² aʔ³²/

/t͡siã¹¹⁻⁵³ huan⁴⁴⁻³³ aʔ³²/

/t͡siã²¹⁻⁴¹ huan⁴⁴⁻³³ aʔ³²/

/ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵¹ fän⁵⁵ jä⁵⁵/

/t͡siã²¹⁻⁵³ huan⁴⁴⁻²² aʔ³²/

/t͡siã¹¹⁻⁵³ huan⁴⁴⁻³³ aʔ³²/

/t͡siã²¹⁻⁴¹ huan⁴⁴⁻³³ aʔ³²/

(Taiwan or Hokkien) Muscovy duck (especially a particular type of this variety of duck)


黃牛牯

/ʋɔŋ¹¹ ŋiu¹¹ ku³¹/

/ʋɔŋ¹¹ ŋiu¹¹ ku³¹/


牛牸

/ŋiu¹¹ t͡sʰz̩⁵³/

/ŋiu¹¹ t͡sʰz̩⁵³/


雞蕾

/ke⁴⁴⁻³⁵ luɪ¹¹/

/ke⁴⁴⁻³⁵ luɪ¹¹/


熊雞

/iʊŋ¹¹ ke¹¹/

/iʊŋ¹¹ ke¹¹/

(Hakka) silky; silkie (breed of chicken)


潛鴨

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn³⁵ jä⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹ jä⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn³⁵ jä⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹ jä⁵⁵/


牛犁

/ni̯oʊ̯³⁵ li³⁵/

/ni̯oʊ̯³⁵ li³⁵/

plough, plow (tool used by cattle to plow the land)


牛犁擔

/ku¹³⁻²¹ le¹³⁻²¹ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾lɒ⁵³³/

/ku¹³⁻²¹ le¹³⁻²¹ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾nɒ⁵³³/

/ku¹³⁻²¹ le¹³⁻²¹ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾lɒ⁵³³/

/ku¹³⁻²¹ le¹³⁻²¹ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾nɒ⁵³³/