鹿

/lɵk̚³²⁻³²⁵/

/lɵk̚³²⁻³²⁵/

Characters in the same phonetic series (鹿) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
Pictogram (象形) – a deer. Current form is highly abstracted – legs have transformed to 比 – note grouping of front and rear legs, which are bent – head has transformed to middle component (similar to 凸/曲), while antlers on top and extended lip/mouth on left transformed into 广. This transformation occurred during seal characters.
Contrast the very different development of 馬 (“horse”), and the transformation in 廌 (as in 薦), which has the head of 鹿 but the legs of 馬 (灬).
Uncertain, though possibly Sino-Tibetan (Schuessler, 2007). Compare Northern Naga *gjuk (“deer, sambar”), from Proto-Tibeto-Burman *g-rjuk (French, 1983); also according to French, Benedict relates the Tibeto-Burman item to Western Gurung [script needed] (gju, “sheep”), but this Gurung item may instead be related to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *luk (“sheep”) (Schuessler, 2007).
Within Chinese, Sagart (1999) relates this to 角 (OC *kroːɡ, “horn”).
Baxter and Sagart (2014; 2020) compares this to Langjia Buyang /ma⁰ lɔk⁸/. Note also Nùng klook (“deer”) (Schuessler, 2007).

cog

In the forest there are the scrubby oaks; in the wild there is a dead deer.

The Classic of Poetry, c. 11ᵗʰ – 7ᵗʰ centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

林有樸樕，野有死鹿。

林有朴樕，野有死鹿。


麂

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *d-kəy (“deer, barking deer”) (STEDT, Schuessler, 2007).

inh

† - Reeves's muntjac; ‡ - hairy-fronted muntjac


麆

(obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) young water deer


麚

Wang (1982) relates this word to 豭 (OC *kraː, “pig”), 羖 (OC *klaːʔ, “(black) ram”), and 牯 (OC *kaːʔ, “male bovine”). See 豭 (jiā) for more.


麜

female Siberian musk deer (Moschus moschiferus)


麝

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *ɢljaːɡs, *ɢljaːɡ): semantic 鹿 + phonetic 射 (OC *ɢljaːɡs, *laːɡs, *ɢljaːɡ, *laːɡ).
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s/ɡ-la (“flesh; meat; deer”) (STEDT; Gong Hwang-cherng, 2002; Schuessler, 2007). Compare Tibetan གླ (gla, “musk deer”).

inh

麝香

麝牛


馬鹿

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ lu⁵¹/

/maː¹³ lʊk̚²⁻³⁵/

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ lu⁵¹/

/maː¹³ lʊk̚²⁻³⁵/


馴鹿

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (馴鹿):
* → Japanese: 馴(じゅん)鹿(ろく) (junroku)
* → Korean: 순록(馴鹿) (sullok)
* → Vietnamese: tuần lộc (馴鹿)

/ɕyn⁵¹⁻⁵³ lu⁵¹/

/sɵn²¹ lʊk̚²⁻³⁵/

/sɵn²¹ lʊk̚²/

/ɕyn⁵¹⁻⁵³ lu⁵¹/

/sɵn²¹ lʊk̚²⁻³⁵/

/sɵn²¹ lʊk̚²/


駝鹿

/tʰu̯ɔ³⁵ lu⁵¹/

/tʰɔː²¹ lʊk̚²⁻³⁵/

/tʰu̯ɔ³⁵ lu⁵¹/

/tʰɔː²¹ lʊk̚²⁻³⁵/


麂子

/t͡ɕi²¹⁴ d͡z̥z̩⁴/

/t͡ɕi²¹⁴ d͡z̥z̩⁴/


赤鹿

/ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ lu⁵¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ lu⁵¹/


堪達罕

/kʰän⁵⁵ tä³⁵ xän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kʰän⁵⁵ d̥ä² xän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/hɐm⁵⁵ taːt̚² hɔːn³⁵/

/kʰän⁵⁵ tä³⁵ xän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kʰän⁵⁵ d̥ä² xän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/hɐm⁵⁵ taːt̚² hɔːn³⁵/

Borrowed from Manchu ᡴᠠᠨᡩᠠᡥᠠᠨ (kandahan, “moose”); related to Mongolian ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠠᠭᠠᠢ (qandaɣai) / хандгай (xandgaj, “moose”).


麀鹿

/joʊ̯⁵⁵ lu⁵¹/

/joʊ̯⁵⁵ lu⁵¹/


水鹿

/ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ lu⁵¹/

/sɵy̯³⁵ lʊk̚²⁻³⁵/

/ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ lu⁵¹/

/sɵy̯³⁵ lʊk̚²⁻³⁵/


山獐

/suã⁴⁴⁻²² kiũ⁴⁴/

/suã³³ kiũ³³/

/suã⁴⁴⁻²² kiɔ̃⁴⁴/

/suã⁴⁴⁻²² kiũ⁴⁴/

/suã³³ kiũ³³/

/suã⁴⁴⁻²² kiɔ̃⁴⁴/

(Hokkien) Alternative form of 山羌 (“muntjac”)


黇鹿

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ lu⁵¹/

/tʰiːm⁵⁵ lʊk̚²/

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ lu⁵¹/

/tʰiːm⁵⁵ lʊk̚²/


梅花鹿

/meɪ̯³⁵ xu̯ä⁵⁵ lu⁵¹/

ㄇㄟˊ ㄏㄨㄚㄦ ㄌㄨˋ

/meɪ̯³⁵ xu̯ɑɻ⁵⁵ lu⁵¹/

/muːi̯²¹ faː⁵⁵ lʊk̚²⁻³⁵/

/mui⁵³⁻²¹ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ua⁵⁵ l̃øyʔ⁵/

/muĩ²⁴⁻¹¹ hue⁴⁴⁻³³ lɔk̚⁴/

/muĩ²³⁻³³ hue⁴⁴⁻³³ lɔk̚⁴/

/bue²⁴⁻¹¹ hue⁴⁴⁻³³ lɔk̚⁴/

/bue²³⁻³³ hue⁴⁴⁻³³ lɔk̚⁴/

/bue⁵⁵⁻¹¹ hue³³⁻²³ tek̚⁴/

/meɪ̯³⁵ xu̯ä⁵⁵ lu⁵¹/

/meɪ̯³⁵ xu̯ɑɻ⁵⁵ lu⁵¹/

/muːi̯²¹ faː⁵⁵ lʊk̚²⁻³⁵/

/mui⁵³⁻²¹ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ua⁵⁵ l̃øyʔ⁵/

/muĩ²⁴⁻¹¹ hue⁴⁴⁻³³ lɔk̚⁴/

/muĩ²³⁻³³ hue⁴⁴⁻³³ lɔk̚⁴/

/bue²⁴⁻¹¹ hue⁴⁴⁻³³ lɔk̚⁴/

/bue²³⁻³³ hue⁴⁴⁻³³ lɔk̚⁴/

/bue⁵⁵⁻¹¹ hue³³⁻²³ tek̚⁴/

Cervus nippon
Cervus nippon#Translingual

sika deer (Cervus nippon) (Classifier: 隻／只 m c mn; 頭／头 m)


白脣鹿

ㄅㄞˊ ㄔㄨㄣˊ ㄌㄨˋ

/paɪ̯³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯ən³⁵ lu⁵¹/

/paːk̚² sɵn²¹ lʊk̚²⁻³⁵/

/paɪ̯³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯ən³⁵ lu⁵¹/

/paːk̚² sɵn²¹ lʊk̚²⁻³⁵/

white-lipped deer; Thorold's deer (Cervus albirostris)