karnero

[kɐɾ̪ˈn̪i.ɾ̪o]

Borrowed from Spanish carnero, from Latin (agnus) carnārius.

a sheep; a woolly ruminant of the genus Ovis

the flesh of a lamb or sheep used as food; mutton; lamb


kordero

Borrowed from Spanish cordero, from Vulgar Latin *cordārium < Latin cordus.


lumod

a dolphin; a carnivorous aquatic mammal inhabiting mostly in the shallower seas of the continental shelves, famed for its intelligence and occasional willingness to approach humans


dolpin

Borrowed from English dolphin, from Middle English dolfin, from Old French daulphin, dalphin, daufin, from Latin delphīnus, from Ancient Greek δελφίς (delphís), from δελφύς (delphús, “womb”).


balyena

Borrowed from Spanish ballena, from Old Spanish ballena, from Latin ballaen, variant of bālaena, from Ancient Greek φάλαινα (phálaina).


garay

(historical) a warship by the Iranun and Banguigui people


balicassiao

(dated) nonstandard spelling of balikasyaw


anago

haze; very fine solid particles (smoke, dust) or liquid droplets (moisture) suspended in the air, slightly limiting visibility


talab

a pen shell; any member of the family Pinnidae


bawon

Pronunciation spelling
pronunciation spelling

(Metro Cebu) Pronunciation spelling of balon.


diskoral

Blend of disko (“disco”) + koral (“enclosure”).

blend

(dated) an outdoor dance, with a disco-like set up, commonly held in an enclosure and usually may require an admission fee


kikay kit

From English kikay kit, where the former is from Tagalog kikay.

a soft case in which a woman's toiletries and cosmetics are stored


diskohan

(dated) a place where a disco dance is held


betamax

Borrowed from English Betamax, a genericized trademark of a video recording format. The food is named from their resemblance to the cuboidal videocassettes.

(informal) coagulated chicken blood that is boiled, cut in to cubes, skewered and grilled to be sold as a street food


kikay

a girl or woman interested in beauty products and fashion


iskwater

the slum; a dilapidated neighborhood where many people live in a state of poverty

(derogatory) a person one deems uncultured


gutang

cracked heels; cracked calluses in the foot


adidas

Borrowed from English adidas, a genericized trademark of the German company name Adidas, after its founder Adolf “Adi” Dassler. The sense is most likely due to the association made with chicken feet and Adidas shoes.


bagolbagol

a game where two opposing players, usually girls, take turns attempting to hit the other player's flip-flop


traysikad

a pedicab; a bicycle with a mounted sidecar


traysikol

From English tricycle, from French tricycle.

a motorized tricycle; a motorbike with a mounted sidecar; a cycle rickshaw


kasili

Anhinga melanogaster
Anhinga melanogaster#Translingual

the Oriental darter or Indian darter (Anhinga melanogaster); a water bird of tropical South Asia and Southeast Asia

the giant mottled eel (Anhinga marmorata); a species of tropical anguillid eel that is found in the Indo-Pacific and adjacent freshwater habitats


kalsunis

From Spanish calzones (“underpants”), plural of calzón, augmentative of calza. from Vulgar Latin calcea, from Latin calceus.


trisikad

[t̪ɾ̪ɪˈs̪i.kɐd̪]


purol

shorts; pants worn primarily in the warm weather that do not go lower than the knees


sabaw

From Proto-Philippine *sabaw, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *sa(m)baw.

Sabawi akong kan-on anang sabaw sa menudo.

Pour some of that menudo sauce in my rice.

Sabawi ko anang sabaw sa beef casserole.

Pour me some of that gravy from the beef casserole


bagol

From Proto-Bisayan *bagúl. Compare Hiligaynon bagol (“skull”). The game is named after its previous use of coconut shells and stones.

game where two opposing players, usually girls, take turns attempting to hit the other player's flip-flop


pundiyo

From Spanish fundillo, from fondillo, diminutive of fondo, from Latin fundus, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰudʰ-mn.


pridyidir

Genericization of the trademark Frigidaire.


kulgit

Genericization of the trademark Colgate.


basketbolan

basketball court or any other area with a basketball backboard and hoop erected


butones

From Spanish botones, plural of botón, possibly from botar, or from French bouton.


tenisan

From tennis + -an. From English tennis, from Old French tenez, second-person imperative of tenir (“hold”).


gilit

English Genericized trademark from Gillette.


udto

Compare Hiligaynon ugtu, Bikol Central udto, Kapampangan ugtu.

midday, noon; for the sun to be overhead

maayong udto

good noon (said around 11 A.M. to 1 P.M.)

noontime; a period spanning the late morning to early afternoon

(dated) for the moon or other celestial bodies to be at the zenith


alimatok

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qali-mətaq. Compare Coastal Kadazan himatok and Tausug alimatuk.

inh+

a leech; an aquatic blood-sucking annelid of class Hirudinea, especially Hirudo medicinalis

a person who derives profit from others in a parasitic fashion


tigpautang

a person who lends money and charges interest, especially one who is not part of the official financial industry; a moneylender

(by extension) a loanshark, a usurer; someone who lends money at exorbitant rates of interest


mansanilya

From Spanish manzanilla (“camomile”), from manzana (“apple”) + -illo.


hayhayan

a clothesline; a rope or cord tied up outdoors to hang clothes on so they can dry; a washing line


hinayhay

laundry being hung out to dry, laundry that has been washed and hung on a clothesline


bulingon

laundry; that which needs to be laundered, not necessarily dirty


langyaw

a foreigner; a person from a foreign country; an alien

an immigrant; a person who comes to a country from another country in order to permanently settle there


labhanan

laundry; that which needs to be laundered


palopalo

a batlet; a short bat for beating clothes when washing them; a washing paddle

arrowfin goby; any member of the genus Oxyurichthys


paypay

[ˈpaɪ̯.pɐɪ̯]


pinaypay

a type of banana cue; plantains carved into a fan, battered, deep-fried, and rolled in white sugar


ginamay

a sauté of diced pork, carrots and potatoes with peas and seasoned with annatto, salt and pepper


ilimnon

inom + il- -on, see etymology for imnon.

Naa koy ilimnon sa balay.


humay

Antonio Pigafetta
Magellan's circumnavigation

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *həmay, from Proto-Austronesian *Səmay. First attested in Antonio Pigafetta's Relazione del primo viaggio intorno al mondo—detailing the first circumnavigation of the world between 1519 and 1522.


bun-i

dermatophytosis; especially Tinea cruris


kan-on

kaon + -on, underwent vowel elision (kaonon > ka-non) and then metathesis (ka-non > kan-on). Compare Tagalog kanin, kainin.


hulmahan

a mold; a frame or model around or on which something is formed or shaped


tahop

pig feed; mixture of pounded banana trunks and bran


hulma

Borrowed from Early Modern Spanish horma.


tigbaligya

someone who sells; a seller; a vendor; a salesperson


manindahay

a trader, seller or merchant, especially in the retail trade


mamaligyaay

ceb-noun

mamaligyaáy (Badlit spelling ᜋᜋᜎᜒᜄ᜔ᜌᜀᜌ᜔)

[mɐ.mɐ.l̪ɪɡ.jɐˈʔaɪ̯]

trader, seller or merchant, especially in the retail trade


imal

a hottie; a physically or sexually attractive person


kapritso

Borrowed from Spanish capricho, from Italian capriccio, from capo riccio (“curly head”).


tindera

[t̪ɪn̪ˈd̪i.ɾ̪ɐ]


munisipyo

a city hall, a town hall, a municipal hall


tindero

Borrowed from Spanish tendero, or from tinda + -ero.

a boy or man who works in or runs a shop; a storekeeper; a shopboy; a salesman


puhunan

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *puqun-an, derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *puqun (“base of a tree; cause; source, origin; beginning”), via Malay pohon. Compare Ilocano puonan, Tagalog puhunan, Maranao po'onan, Tausug puunan.


turutot

a horn; any of several musical wind instruments

a horn; an instrument used to signal others


tsinelas

Borrowed from Spanish chinelas, plural of chinela.


ngulngol

The sound suggested of a throbbing pain.


slangards

(colloquial, informal) twang, foreign accent


eslang

Borrowed from English slang. A misnomer.


hakpa

Rearrangement of the syllables of pahak.

(humorous, childish) someone with a bald spot in the head (see usage notes)


ngilo

Sound suggested of shrillness. From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ŋilu.

2007, Rey Jude P. Agana, The Role of Rumors in Informal Learning (Ph.D. dissertation), p. 30, Fig. 3.2

Medium rasping
(please add an English translation of this quotation)

the irritating feeling produced when hearing sounds like the screeching of tires, the grinding of teeth, and scraping on a chalkboard


tambokikoy

Diminutive of tambok, from tambok + -oy.

(derogatory, often humorous) someone who is overweight; fatso


balay-balay

playhouse, blanket fort, cubby house, Wendy house


unlan

[ʔʊn̪ˈl̪an̪]


isyu

Borrowed from English issue, from Middle English issue, issu, isshue, ischewe, yssewe, from Old French issue, eissue, essue (“a way out; exit”), feminine past participle of issir, itself from Latin exeō (“go out”), from prefix ex- (“out of”) + eō (“go”).


asyenda

Borrowed from Spanish hacienda, from Old Spanish fazienda, from Latin facienda.


tanday

something, usually a pillow, kept between the legs when lying in bed


tangke

Borrowed from Spanish tanque, from Portuguese tanque.
The second sense is influenced by English septic tank.

tank; vat (of water, fuel, etc.); cistern

armored personnel carrier
armored personnel carrier


pangala

an instance of food craving during pregnancy

the specific food craved by a pregnant woman


kuhit

a stick or pole used for reaching or hooking items beyond one's reach or in elevated or narrow places


lihi

a set habits or rituals carried out to bring good luck

an instance of controlling or promoting luck


kumagko

(dialectal, Metro Cebu) Pronunciation spelling of kumalagko.


kawayanan

From kawayan + ka- -an, the prefix ka- dropped by haplology.


madrehonon

a candidate; a novice; a person working on becoming a full-fledged nun

(often humorous) a person one deems as having the virtues of a nun


matrimonya

Pseudo-Hispanism, derived from English matrimony, created under a false assumption Spanish has *matrimonia (correct Spanish is matrimonio).


mongha

From Spanish monja, from monje, from Latin monachus, from Ancient Greek μοναχός (monakhós, “single, solitary”), from μόνος (mónos, “alone”).


sulod

From Proto-Bisayan *sələd (cf. Hiligaynon sulud), from Proto-Central-Philippine *sələd (cf. Tagalog silid).


monghe

From Spanish monje, from Latin monachus, from Ancient Greek μοναχός (monakhós, “single, solitary”), from μόνος (mónos, “alone”).


kawayan

any grass of the Poaceae family, characterised by its woody, hollow, round, straight, jointed stem, all of which are in the tribe Bambuseae

the wood of the bamboo plant as a material or cane


balbal

(Philippine folklore) witchlike or vampirelike creature or monster


buyboy

an instance of recounting favors or charity to the person who benefited


datahan

the amount of partial payment paid or owed


selpon

Borrowed from English cell phone, from cellular phone.


drayber

[ˈd̪ɾ̪aɪ̯.beɾ̪]

a driver (a person who drives a motorized vehicle)

a person who takes over a mahjong game for another, often to keep the game going while the original player goes on break or attends to some matter


engkwentro

a hostile meeting; a confrontation or skirmish; an encounter, a run-in


kasakay

the passengers in a transportation other than yourself; a co-passenger


naoganan

a stop for jeepneys, bus, pedicabs or tricycles


sakayan

a sacayan; a small wooden trimaran used as a transport and fishing boat in the Philippines


bising

Northern Palawan tree squirrel (Sundasciurus juvencus)


sakay

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *sakay.


ungo-ungo

(playground games) a variation of tag or hide and seek, where the it pretends to be a ghost or monster


ekek

Onomatopoeic; named after its supposed call.

(Philippine folklore) a vampiric bird-like creature

(Philippine folklore) a form of an ungo or an ungo's familiar


dayana

Borrowed from Spanish diana, from Spanish día (“day”), from Latin diēs (“day”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *dyew- (“heaven, sky; to shine”).

der

(rare) a reveille; the sounding of a bugle or drum early in the morning to awaken soldiers

(rare) the playing of a marching band early in the morning to signal the start of a fiesta or festival


kikik

Onomatopoeic, after its supposed call. The other senses are fron their necrophagy or nocturnal nature, like the creature.

(folklore) form of an ungo or an ungo's familiar

Philippine nightjar (Caprimulgus manillensis)


apyo

Borrowed from Spanish apio, from Latin apium, from apis (“bee”) because of bees' perceived inclination towards the plant.


lansang

[l̪ɐn̪ˈs̪aŋ]


awrora

Borrowed from Spanish aurora, from Latin aurōra (“dawn, sunrise”), from Proto-Italic *auzōs (as Flōra from flōs), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éwsōs (“dawn”).


buhiyas

From Spanish bujías, plural of bujía, after Bujía (Bugia), former name of Béjaïa, Algeria.


bosina

Borrowed from Spanish bocina, from Latin bucina (“trumpet”).


deliryo

Borrowed from Spanish delirio, from Latin dēlīrium, from dēlīrō (“I deviate from the path”).


eskalira

From Spanish escalera, from Old Spanish escalera, from Late Latin scālāria, from Latin scālae (“steps”).

(card games) a running flush, a straight flush or a royal flush

(mahjong) a pure straight hand; a hand of three consecutive chows in the same suit, making a nine-tile straight


labakara

Borrowed from Andean Spanish lavacara (“washbasin”).


masahe

Borrowed from Spanish masaje, from French massage.


hilot

a traditional healing practice, involving chiropractic manipulation and massage

improving a student's grade, often by remedial exams


estroberi

Borrowed from English strawberry, from Old English strēawberġe.


igtagurha

[ʔɪɡ.t̪ɐˈɡuɾ̪.hɐ]

Short form of ig-agaw igtagurha. From ig- + tagurha, ultimately from duha (“two”).

second cousin: cousins who have a common great-grandfather


preno

From Spanish freno, from Latin frēnum, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *dʰer- (“to hold”).


duruha

[d̪ʊˈɾ̪u.hɐ]

From a partial reduplication of duha. Compare etymology of Tagalog dalawa.


manandis

Emilio Aguinaldo
Philippine Commonwealth
Sergio Osmeña
Theodore Roosevelt

From “Man Andis”, from “Hermano Andres”, a nickname of Andres Abellana, a city councilor during the American Occupation of the Philippines. Abellana's unique hobby was listing names of supposed henpecked husbands, allegedly including then governor-general of the Philipines Theodore Roosevelt, Sergio Osmeña, and Emilio Aguinaldo.

(dated) a henpecked husband or boyfriend


dumuduong

an immigrant; a person who comes to a country from another country in order to permanently settle there

a transient; a person who passes through a place for a short time; a traveller; a migrant worker


asotiya

From Spanish azotea, from Andalusian Arabic السطيح (as-suṭáyḥa), from Arabic سَطِيح (saṭīḥ, “flat, spread out”).


bagamundo

Borrowed from Spanish vagamundo, alternative form of vagabundo, from Late Latin vagabundus.


dayo

Inherited from Proto-Philippine *dáyu. Compare Bikol Central dayo and Tagalog dayo.

a foreigner; a person from a foreign country; an alien


boksidor

a boxer; a participant (fighter) in a boxing match


boksiyador

(obsolete) a boxer; a participant (fighter) in a boxing match


kulata

the end of a firearm opposite to that from which a bullet is fired; the butt; the gunstock


puasa

Borrowed from Malay puasa, from Sanskrit उपवास (upavāsa).


angkla

Borrowed from Spanish ancla, from Latin ancora, from Ancient Greek ἄγκυρα (ánkura).


gingharian

[ɡɪŋ.hɐˈɾ̪i.ʔɐn̪]

From ging- + hari + -an. Cognate with Hiligaynon ginharian.


harihari

boss; someone who leads by fear or false authority


rayna

[ˈɾ̪aɪ̯.n̪ɐ]


prinsipe

Borrowed from Spanish príncipe, from Latin princeps, principis.


prinsesa

Borrowed from Spanish princesa, from Latin princeps, principis and from French princesse.


ranso

From Spanish rancho, from rancharse, from arranchar, from French ranger, from French rang, from Frankish *hring.

ranch; a land for raising cattle and other livestock


estorbot

Blend of estorya + butbot, from estorya nga butbot.

false or fictional account of events; lie


angso

Cognate with Tausug angsu (“smell spreading throughout the air either fragrant or malodorous”).


butbot

Possibly onomatopoeic, having a similar sense to Greek βάρβαρος (foreigner, non-Greek), mimicking foreign, incomprehensible speech.

Puro butbot man imo!


pus-on

Inherited from Proto-Philippine *pus(e)qun.


kudkoran

a wooden stool with a toothed blade attached at front for grating coconut meat


kapilya

From Spanish capilla, from Late Latin cappella, from the diminutive of cappa.


sundang

[s̪ʊn̪ˈd̪aŋ]

a type of bolo knife; a large, long-bladed, sharp-pointed cutting tool similar to a machete


kampana

Borrowed from Early Modern Spanish campana.


buwad

(Metro Cebu, Bohol, Leyte) Alternative form of bulad


kabang

Grampus griseus
Grampus griseus#Translingual


lugod

a pumice, a loofah, a sponge or foam used as a scrubber in bathing


bulad

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *belaj (“spread out to dry in the sun”). Compare Tagalog bilad.


pilosopo

Borrowed from Spanish filósofo, from Latin philosophāri, from Ancient Greek φιλοσοφεῖν (philosopheîn).


iring sungkaban

a cat, often a stray, notorious for stealing or raiding food

someone who sneaks into the kitchen at night to eat


inunlan

[ʔɪ.n̪ʊn̪ˈl̪an̪]

afterbirth; the placenta and other material expelled via the birth canal following childbirth or parturition in mammals


duldol

Ceiba pentandra
Ceiba pentandra#Translingual

the kapok or silk-cotton tree (Ceiba pentandra)


dalikdik

the clay-like mixture of dust, oil and dead skin removed when exfoliating

the dirt removed when rubbing or scrubbing skin


eskabetse

escabeche; a dish of fried fish in sweet and sour sauce (shredded carrots, shredded red bell peppers, shredded ginger, onions, spring onions and garlic cooked in vinegar or pineapple juice)


pitsel

pitcher (jug vessel, with a spout or protruding lip and a handle)


gisado

Borrowed from Spanish guisado (“stew; stewed”).


paminta

From Spanish pimienta, from Old Spanish pimienta, from pimiento (“pepper plant”), from Latin pigmentum (“color, pigment”).

black pepper; the dried, unripe berries (peppercorns) of the Piper nigrum plant which are commonly used as a spice and seasoning


berde og dugo

(dated, offensive) a male-to-female transgender, transvestite or transexual person


mapyador

a lawyer or player who intentionally lose a game or case


mapya

From English mafia or Mafia, from Italian.


opensa

Borrowed from Spanish ofensa, from Latin offēnsā, from offēnsō (“I strike”).
Sports-related senses, semantic loan from English offense.

(team sports) offense (strategy and tactics employed when in position to score)

(team sports) offense (portion of a team dedicated to scoring)


alegasyon

From Spanish alegación, from Latin allegatio, from allegare.


akusasyon

Borrowed from Spanish acusación, from Latin accusatio. Alternatively analyzed as akusar + -syon.


tapaytapay

any member of the genus Celosia; woolflower or cockscomb

any plant of the species Acalypha hispida

a huntsman spider; any member of the family Sparassidae


tigbakay

a prohibited form of cockfighting where gamecocks fight to the death


balbakuwa

Borrowed from Spanish barbacoa, from Taíno barbakoa (“framework of sticks”), the raised wooden structure the Indians used to either sleep on or cure meat. Originally “meal of roasted meat or fish”. Doublet of barbekyu.

a beef stew that may include oxtail, brisket, the skin, snout and ears of cattle


kristo

From Kristo, from Spanish Cristo, from Latin Christus, from Ancient Greek Χριστός (Khristós), proper noun use of χριστός (khristós, “the anointed one”), a calque of Hebrew מָשִׁיחַ (māshīaχ, “anointer”).

(gambling) bet collector in cockfighting


sabong

a contest, in a cockpit, between gamecocks fitted with cockspurs; a cockfight; cockfighting


bakunawa

dragon or sea serpent that rises from the ocean to swallow the moon causing an eclipse


tsismoso

Borrowed from Spanish chismoso, from chisme + -oso, from cisma, from Latin schisma, from Ancient Greek σχίσμα (skhísma, “division”), from σχίζω (skhízō, “I split”).


libak

Inherited from Proto-Philippine *libak (“to attack from a hidden spot”).


apirapir

trading cards; especially when used in this game


tsismosa

Borrowed from Spanish chismosa, from chisme + -osa, from cisma, from Latin schisma, from Ancient Greek σχίσμα (skhísma, “division”), from σχίζω (skhízō, “I split”).


bato lata

bato (“stone, rock”) (“to stone, to throw stones at”) + lata (“can”)

a game similar to the medieval children's game Duck on a Rock


lupa-langit

a variation of hot lava where an it would chase players who step on the ground


tsinelasay

a children's game where two or more players race slippers or flip-flops to the finish line


dampa

a game where two or more people will aim to move a stack of rubber bands pass a service line or off an edge


tsismis

From Spanish chisme, from cisma, from Latin schisma, from Ancient Greek σχίσμα (skhísma, “division”), from σχίζω (skhízō, “I split”).


manambalan

Compare pasaw. For the rice dish, the plating of such dish is likened to pigwash.

a drink made by mixing coconut meat, coconut water, condensed milk and ice

a similar dessert made by mixing fruits to condensed milk and ice

a rice dish with various toppings including longganisa, siomai, etc.


tambal

Inherited from Proto-Philippine *tambal (“to treat with medicine”).


utanon

[ʔʊ.t̪ɐˈn̪on̪]


bakasyonista

vacationer; holiday-maker (someone who is on vacation)


minatay

what is left after a person (or any organism) dies; a corpse; the remains


ikaduha

Ang ikaduha sauna kay nidaog karong tuiga.

The previous second placer won first place this year.

the second placer; one (person or object) who is in second place

one who is next in rank or position to someone

(idiomatic) having the same (negative) traits or attitude with someone


antod

[ʔɐn̪ˈt̪od̪]


bakasyon

the period between school terms; summer break


anghit

Ultimately from Proto-Austronesian *qaŋəhiC or Proto-Austronesian *qaŋəSit.


sosyidad

Borrowed from Spanish sociedad, from Latin societās (“society, community; association”), societatis from socius (“associated, allied; partner, companion, ally”).


suspetsado

Borrowed from English suspect, from Old French suspect, from Latin suspectus, perfect passive participle of suspiciō (“mistrust, suspect”), from sus-, combining form of sub (“under”), + speciō (“watch, look at”).


kapasidad

Borrowed from Spanish capacidad, from Latin capācitās.


almanake

Borrowed from Spanish almanaque, from Andalusian Arabic الْمَنَاخ, from Arabic اَلْمَنَاخ (al-manāḵ, “climate”), from Late Ancient Greek ἀλμενιχιακά (almenikhiaká, “calendar”), probably ultimately of Coptic origin.


ikalima

the fifth place; below the fourth and above the sixth ranks

the fifth placer; one (person or object) who's in the fifth place


birtud

[bɪɾ̪ˈt̪ud̪]

Borrowed from Spanish virtud, from Old Spanish vertud, from Latin virtūs, virtūtis.

magical or spiritual powers contained in a talisman, amulet or fetish


pako-pako

a winglike structure; something resembling a wing

patagium; the parachute-like membrane in gliding animals


punseras

From pulseras, from Spanish pulseras, plural of pulsera.


propeta

Borrowed from Spanish profeta, from Old Spanish propheta, from Latin prophētam, accusative singular of prophēta, from Ancient Greek προφήτης (prophḗtēs, “spokesman, prophet”).


kuwintas

Borrowed from Spanish cuentas, plural of cuenta (“bead (small spherical object)”).


pakpak

Inherited from Proto-Austronesian *pakpak.

inh+

the bark; the exterior covering of the trunk and branches of a tree


estaring

the lead; leading actor or leading actress


dayaper

Borrowed from English diaper, from Old French dyapre, diaspre, from medieval Latin diaspra, diasprum from Byzantine Greek δίασπρος (díaspros, adj), from δια- (dia-, “across”) + ἄσπρος (áspros, “white”).


lampin

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *lampin.

inh+

a cloth diaper; especially using flour sack


haslir

hustler; an expert gambler who pretends to be an amateur at a game in order to win bets


plorwaks

floor wax; wax used to polish and preserve the finish of the floor


bastrok

buttstroke; the act of striking a person with the butt of a rifle


eksaminasyon

Borrowed from English examination, from Old French examinacion, from Latin examinatio.


posporo

Borrowed from Spanish fósforo, from Spanish phōsphorus, from Ancient Greek φωσφόρος (phōsphóros, “torchbearer, light bearer”), from φῶς (phôs, “light”) + φέρω (phérō, “I carry, bear, bring”). Sicilian pòspuru.


paglaom

From pag- + laom. Compare Hiligaynon paglaum.


indyeksyon

Borrowed from English injection, from Middle French injection, from Latin iniectio, from iniectus, from iniciō.

injection; something injected subcutaneously, intravenously, or intramuscularly by use of a syringe and a needle


rebisyon

Borrowed from Spanish revisión, from French révision, from Latin revisio.


amonya

Borrowed from English ammonia, from Latin sal ammoniacus (“salt of Amun, ammonium chloride”), named so because it was found near the temple of (Jupiter) Ammon in Egypt. Ammon derives from Ancient Greek Ἄμμων (Ámmōn), from Egyptian jmn.


bigtaymer

big-timer; someone who is in the big time


awditoryum

Borrowed from English auditorium, from Latin audītōrium, from audītōrius (“pertaining to hearing”).


dipterya

Borrowed from Spanish difteria, from French diphthérie, coined 1857 by Pierre Bretonneau; from Ancient Greek διφθέρα (diphthéra, “prepared hide, leather”), for the tough membrane that forms in the throat. Bretonneau earlier used diphthérite, from which diphtheritis.


detektib

(law enforcement) a police officer who looks for evidence as part of solving a crime; an investigator

a person employed to find information not otherwise available to the public


superbisor

From English supervisor, from Latin supervisor, from supervideō, in turn from Latin super + Latin videō.


bisor

Clipping of superbisor, from English supervisor, from Latin supervisor, from supervideō, in turn from Latin super + Latin videō.


dedbol

dead ball; the ball when dead and out of play


awditor

Borrowed from English auditor, from Anglo-Norman auditour, from Latin audītor (“hearer, auditor”).


interbal

Borrowed from English interval, from Old French intervalle, from Latin intervallum (“space between, interval, distance, interval of time, pause, difference; literally, space between two palisades or walls”), from inter (“between”) + vallum (“palisade, wall”).


bringhouse

From English bringhouse, from bring + house.

take-home leftover food (such as from a party)


bisdak

Blend of Bisaya + dako, from the Cebuano phrase Bisayang dako or Bisaya nga dako (“true Visayan, genuine Visayan; a native Visayan person”), literally native Bisaya.

native speaker of Cebuano and, by extension, someone who speaks Cebuano

native of the Cebuano-speaking provinces of the Visayas and Mindanao


katarak

Borrowed from English cataract. Doublet of katarata


dyelosi

Borrowed from English jalousie, from French jalousie, from Italian gelosia.


esteping

Borrowed from English stepping, present participle of step.


bisitor

Borrowed from English visitor, from Anglo-Norman visitour, from Old French visiteor.


abenyu

Borrowed from English avenue, from French avenue, from Old French avenue, feminine past participle of avenir (“approach”), from Latin adveniō, advenīre (“come to”), from ad (“to”) + veniō, venīre (“come”).


eskor

Borrowed from English score, from Old English scora (“notch”) (and hence, a tally), from Old Norse skor, from Proto-Germanic *skuraz.
(For twenty: The mark on a tally made by drovers for every twenty beasts passing through a tollgate.)


impak

Borrowed from English impact, from Latin impāctus, perfect passive participle of impingō (“dash against, impinge”).


gorilya

Borrowed from English gorilla. from Ancient Greek Γόριλλαι (Górillai, “a tribe of hairy women”), described by Hanno the Navigator, a Carthaginian navigator and possible visitor to the area that later became Sierra Leone.


padyama

Borrowed from English pyjama, from English (19th century) pai jamahs "loose trousers tied at the waist, worn by Muslims in India", adopted by colonials, especially for nightwear, probably from Hindi पैजामा (paijāmā, “pajama”), itself from Persian پایجامه (paejamah) "leg clothing".

Persian پایجامه


eskudo

Borrowed from Spanish escudo, from Old Spanish escudo, from Latin scūtum, from Proto-Indo-European *skei- (“to cut, split”), an extension of *sek- (“to cut”).


kikbak

kickback; a clandestine payment in return for a favor; especially an illegal one


tsokoleyt

ceb-noun

tsókoleyt (Badlit spelling ᜆ᜔ᜐᜓᜃᜓᜎᜒᜌ᜔ᜆ᜔)

Borrowed from English chocolate, from Spanish chocolate, from either Classical Nahuatl or Yucatec Maya. See chocolate. Doublet of tsokolate.

chocolate (confection/candy, bar, syrup, powder, etc.)


tsokolate

Borrowed from Spanish chocolate. Doublet of tsokoleyt.


bakhawan

a mangrove; a habitat with such plants; a mangrove forest; a mangrove swamp


pagatpat

Sonneratia alba, a mangrove tree in the family Lythraceae


manikyurista

a manicurist or pedicurist (a beautician who cleans and trims and polishes the fingernails and toenails)


bakhaw

From Proto-Philippine [Term?], from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bakəhaw.

the true mangroves; any of the tropical mangrove trees under the genus Rhizophora


kondenar

Borrowed from Spanish condenar (“to condemn”), from Latin condemnāre, present active infinitive of condemnō.

the eternal and repetitive actions of a spirit or ghost who has not crossed over or moved on


paragrap

[ˈpa.ɾ̪ɐɡ.ɾ̪ɐp]


hipodromo

Borrowed from Spanish hipódromo, from Latin hippodromos, from Ancient Greek ἱππόδρομος (hippódromos), from ἵππος (híppos, “horse”) + δρόμος (drómos, “course”).


permiro

From Spanish primero, from Latin prīmārius.


patotsada

Borrowed from Spanish patochada, from pata.


emperatris

Borrowed from Spanish emperatriz, from Latin imperātrīx, feminine form of imperātōr (“emperor”), from imperō (“command, order”), from im- (“form of in”) + parō (“prepare, arrange; intend”).


palanggana

[pɐ.l̪ɐŋˈɡa.n̪ɐ]

Borrowed from Spanish palangana (“bowl, vat”).


disyerto

Borrowed from Spanish desierto, from Latin dēsertus, perfect passive participle of dēserō (“forsake, abandon”).


kumbira

From kombida, from Spanish convida, convidar (“to invite”), from Vulgar Latin *convitāre, from Latin invitāre, present active infinitive of invītō (“I invite”). Also from Cebuano bira.

a feast; a very large meal; often of a ceremonial nature


obertaym

overtime; the working time outside of one's regular hours

(sports) overtime; an extra period of play when a contest has a tie score at the end of regulation


kubal

From (Western) Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kubal (“callus”). Compare Bikol Central kubal, Hiligaynon kubal and Tausug kubal.

callus; a hardened area of the skin (especially on the foot or hand) caused by repeated friction, wear or use


krayon

Borrowed from English crayon, from French crayon (“pencil”), from craie (“chalk”) + -on (“(diminutive)”), from Latin creta (“chalk, clay”), from crētus.


puspos

a piece of wood used in hitting an animal or person


bunal

stick used in beating or whipping an animal or person


krayola

Genericized trademark of English Crayola. Compare Spanish crayola.


piniliay

an election; a process of choosing a leader, members of parliament, councillors, or other representatives by popular vote


kantidad

Borrowed from Spanish cantidad, from Old Spanish quantidat, from Latin quantitās, from quantus (“how much”).


inagos

the drippings from a roasted pig or chicken


karsada

[kɐɾ̪ˈs̪a.d̪ɐ]


rekisito

Borrowed from Spanish requisito, from Latin requīsitus, perfect passive participle of requīrō. Doublet of rekisitos.


martayolet

Benzalkonium chloride; a type of cationic surfactant

Merthiolate; a solution of Benzalkonium chloride with a red or purple dye


surender

Borrowed from English surrender, from Old French surrendre, from sur- + rendre (“render”). Noun use is from Anglo-Norman.


trainor

→ English: trainor

a person who trains another; a coach, a trainer


kaleds

From English college, from Old French college, from Latin collegium.

a college; an institution of higher education teaching undergraduates


bisperas

Borrowed from Spanish vísperas, plural of víspera, from Latin vespera.

eve (day or night before, usually used for holidays)


kolehiyo

Borrowed from Spanish colegio, from Latin collegium, from collēga + -ium. Displaced by elementarya. The sense "college" is a semantic loan from English college, introduced during the American colonial era.

(obsolete or historical) school, especially an elementary school, during the Spanish colonial era


tanghon

From Hokkien 冬粉 (tang-hún, “winter noodle”).


lumpya

zh-l

潤餅／润饼 (lūn-piáⁿ)

a type of egg roll consisting of ground meat and spices and vegetables


unibersidad

From Spanish universidad, from Latin universitas.


bihon

Borrowed from Hokkien 米粉 (bí-hún, “rice vermicelli”).


miswa

Borrowed from Hokkien 麵線／面线 (mī-soàⁿ, “misua”). Compare Tagalog miswa, English misua / mee sua, Malay misoa, Indonesian misoa.

misua; a very thin variety of salted Chinese noodles made from wheat flour


elementarya

From American English elementary school. Displaced kolehiyo.


bitsin

From English vetsin, a genericized trademark of Tien Chu Ve-Tsin food company, or its particular Chinese reading in Hokkien 味精 (bī-cheng). The Ve-Tsin (味精) trademark itself comes from Shanghainese 味精 (⁶vi-cin₁), which is ultimately from Japanese 味(み)精(せい) (misei).

monosodium glutamate
monosodium glutamate


tawgi

Borrowed from Hokkien 豆芽 (tāu-gê, “bean sprouts”).


vetsin

From English vetsin, a genericized trademark of Tien Chu Ve-Tsin food company. The Ve-Tsin (味精) trademark itself comes from Shanghainese 味精 (⁶vi-cin₁), which is ultimately from Japanese 味(み)精(せい) (misei).


kangitngit

Persicaria perfoliata
Persicaria perfoliata#Translingual

the giant climbing tearthumb (Persicaria perfoliata, syn. Polygonum perfoliatum)


pakyaw

Borrowed from Hokkien, possibly 縛繳／缚缴 (pa̍k-kiáu, literally “to submit by bundles”) according to Chan-Yap (1980) or 跋繳／跋缴 (poa̍h-kiáu, literally “to gamble; to bet money”).


putli

From Sanskrit पुत्री (putrī, “daughter”). Compare Malay puteri, Tausug putli' and Maranao potri. May also be related to puti (“white”).


bam-i

Borrowed from Hokkien 肉麵／肉面 (bah-mī). Compare Tagalog bami / mami, Indonesian bakmi. See also Hokkien 牛肉麵／牛肉面 (gû-bah-mī).

a dish of wheat noodles and cellophane noodles mixed with pork, chicken, pork liver, cabbage, carrots, shrimp (fresh or dried) and squid (fresh or dried)


bonsay

Borrowed from English bonsai, from Japanese 盆栽 (ぼんさい bonsai), from Middle Chinese 盆 (bwon "bowl") + 栽 (tsoj "to plant") (compare Mandarin pénzāi 盆栽).


petsay

Borrowed from Hokkien 白菜 (pe̍h-chhài, “Chinese cabbage”, literally “white vegetable”).

bor+

Chinese cabbage (either napa cabbage or bok choy)


punsoy

From English feng shui, from Mandarin 風水／风水 (fēngshuǐ). See also Cantonese 風水／风水 (fung¹ seoi²).


taghoy

whistle; a shrill (high-pitched sound made by whistling)


hopya

Borrowed from Spanish hopia, ultimately from Hokkien, possibly 好餅／好饼 (hó piáⁿ, literally “good pastry”) according to Chan-Yap (1980), possibly an old genericized trademark by a particular Chinese deli company. See also Early Manila Hokkien 香餅／香饼 (hioⁿ-piáⁿ, “fragrant pastry”), Hokkien 癖 (phiah, “craving”), Hokkien 好癖 (hó-phiah, “good temper”), Cebuano lumpya.


bakya

Borrowed from Hokkien 木屐 (ba̍k-kiah, “wooden clogs”).


bakya

a boxfish; any of the family Ostraciidae of squared, bony fish, closely related to the pufferfish and filefish


rosquillos

a ring biscuit with scalloped edges originally produced by Titay's of Liloan, Cebu


masareal

a confection of ground peanuts and sugar syrup similar to a marzipan


salbaro

a thin cracker made of flour, sugar and coconut meat

(Bogo) a doughy bread made by mixing dough and grated coconut meat and allowed to rise by adding palm wine


budbod muron

a regional variation of the budbod pilit with chocolate from tabliya added


budbod kabog

a dish similar to budbod pilit but instead uses millet


budbod pilit

a dish made by boiling glutinous rice in coconut milk (flavored with ginger and white sugar)


budbod balanghoy

a dish similar to budbod pilit but instead uses cassava and strips of coconut meat


otap

an oblong-shaped flaky biscuit with white sugar sprinkled on top


budbod

a dish made of glutinous rice rolled in banana leaves


baobao

Reduplication of bao (“tortoise, turtle”), the shape of the biscuit resembling half of a turtle's shell.

reduplication

a semicircle biscuit with a candied coconut meat filling

a spotted tortoise beetle (Aspidimorpha miliaris); a widespread Asian species of beetles

(by extension) a tortoise beetle, a small beetle in the subfamily Cassidinae

(by extension) a ladybug or ladybird beetle; a small beetle in the family Coccinellidae


elorde

Named after Cebuano boxer Gabriel "Flash" Elorde.

a type of bread roll that look like two boxing gloves pressed together


caycay

a layered biscuit rolled in toasted peanuts and honey or sugar syrup


binangkal

bangkal + -in-, named after the pastry's resemblance to the fruits of the bangkal tree.

a tough pastry ball coated in sesame seeds


pinisi

a fried dough shaped like a twisted rope and rolled in white sugar


kadaogan

[kɐ.d̪ɐˈʔo.ɡɐn̪]


kapildihan

a defeat; the act or instance of being defeated, of being overcome or vanquished; a loss


hinagiban

From hing- + sagiban. Compare obsolete hinganiban, attested in the Diccionario Bisaya-Español (1851).

(by extension) any instrument used in bringing about a desired result


sukli

change (balance returned after a purchase)


taytayan

a bridge; a construction spanning a waterway, ravine, or valley from an elevated height, allowing for the passage of vehicles, pedestrians, trains, etc.

a wooden or bamboo footbridge; beam bridge; a log bridge


higayon

[hɪ.ɡɐˈd͡ʒon̪]


holdaper

From English hold up (“to rob at gunpoint”) + -er.

someone who robs at gunpoint or at knifepoint; a stick up man, a hold up man


tulisan

Borrowed from Tagalog tulisan. By surface analysis, tulis + -an.


bahalina

tuba that has been fermented and aged up to a year


kinutil

a type of eggnog that uses bahal, milk, tabliya and sugar


bahal

tuba that has been fermented and aged up to six months


ginamos

a preparation of fermented fish, often using small fishes like anchovies


santilmo

From Spanish fuego de Santelmo or fuego de san Telmo.

(folklore) santilmo; floating flame or fire ball, similar to a will o' the wisp, that stalk or chase people at night, believed to be the ignited blood of a person who met a tragic death

game where children melt candle or wax on a metal plate, let the melted wax catch fire, and each child take turns making the flame explode by splashing water on it


agik-ik

a chortle; a joyful, somewhat muffled laugh, rather like a snorting chuckle


agta

(folklore) a gigantic demonlike creature, with hirsute and very dark skin, that resides on top of trees; it is usually pictured naked and smoking a rolled cigar


trapiko

Borrowed from Spanish tráfico, from Italian traffico.

traffic (pedestrians or vehicles on roads)


baklad

Borrowed from Tagalog baklad, from Proto-Philippine *bakəlad, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bakəlad.


trapik

Borrowed from English traffic, from Middle French trafique (“traffic”), from Italian traffico (“traffic”) from trafficare (“to carry on trade”). Doublet of trapiko.


pamayotay

(derogatory) someone, especially a straight man or boy, who prostitutes oneself to a homosexual man

(derogatory) someone, especially a straight man or boy, who cruises for homosexual sex


aktibidad

Borrowed from Spanish actividad, from Latin activitas, activitatis.

an activity; something done as an action or a movement


ligid

circular device capable of rotating on its axis, facilitating movement or transportation; a wheel, a tire


kalisod

hardship; difficulty or trouble; hard times


pintal

From Spanish pintar, from Vulgar Latin *pinctāre < *pictāre, frequentative of
Latin pingō, or from pictus. The n may have come as a result of influence from the original verb.


sinugba

food that is cooked by grilling, barbecuing or broiling


silong

the space under the floor of stilt houses


linung-ag

[l̪ɪˈn̪uŋ.ʔɐɡ]


halwan

Channa striata
Channa striata#Translingual


hinigugma

[hɪ.n̪ɪ.ɡʊɡˈmaʔ]

a beloved, a sweetheart; a boyfriend or girlfriend


hawanan

a courtyard; an area, open to the sky, partially or wholly surrounded by walls or buildings

a clearing; an area of land within a wood or forest devoid of trees


puwag lubot

Contraction of puwa + og, from puwa og lubot (“red-butted”).

(idiomatic) a person who cannot stay put or sit still

a student who constantly transfer seats or move around in class

someone who easily switch sides; a defector


bakwit

→ English: bakwit

Borrowed from English evacuate, from Latin ēvacuāre.


kandiis

a dimple; a small natural depression on the skin, especially on the face near the corners of the mouth


tinughong

a rice gruel, made with leftover rice, boiled and cooked again in water, and sweetened with sugar


silhig tukog

a hard broom; a broom that uses sticks or midribs (petioles of the leaflets of a palm frond) bound together with or without a handle


silhig lanot

a soft broom; a broom with Corypha palm fiber bristles


pukot

From Proto-Bisayan *pukət, from Proto-Central Philippine *pukət, from Proto-Philippine *pukət, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *pukət.


kahimtang

a predicament; an unfortunate or trying position or condition; a tight spot


kaslonon

in the context of one's wedding, one who is going to marry


tabang

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tabaŋ.


anunugba

a moth; a usually nocturnal insect of the order Lepidoptera, distinguished from butterflies by feather-like antennae


kalibotan

(historical) a datu whose four grandparents are of royal lineage


dugosdugos

a woolly aphid; any member of the subfamily Eriosomatinae


platito

From Spanish. By surface analysis, plato + -ito.

a saucer; a small shallow dish to hold a cup and catch drips


dulon

Inherited from Proto-Philippine *dudun (cf. Bikol Central duron, Ilocano dudon).

a locust; any of the grasshoppers, usually swarming, in the family Acrididae


bulod

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bulud. Compare Bikol Central bulod and Tausug bud.


lukonlukon

the popliteal fossa or knee pit; the shallow depression located at the back of the knee joint


dapidapi

the sacral region: the area wherein the back adjoins the upperpart of the buttocks


suwat

Borrowed from Malay surat. Compare Tagalog sulat, Malagasy soratra (“to write”), Tetum surat.

a letter, a correspondence; a written message


tikod

First attested in Antonio Pigafetta's Relazione del primo viaggio intorno al mondo—detailing the first circumnavigation of the world between 1519 and 1522.

Pigafetta

the heel; the rear part of the foot, where it joins the leg

the part of a shoe's sole which supports the foot's heel


kainom

a person whom one is having a drink with


paraiso

Borrowed from Spanish paraíso, from Latin paradīsus, from Ancient Greek παράδεισος (parádeisos).


destabilisasyon

Pseudo-Hispanism, from English destabilization, and influenced by Spanish -ción.

the act or process of destabilizing; destabilization, destabilisation


depinisyon

Borrowed from Spanish definición, from Latin dēfīnītiō, from dēfīniō.


hawak

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hawak, from Proto-Austronesian *Sawak (“waist”).


bukarilyo

dry brightly-colored candied coconut meat


pinasugbo

a snack made with fried unripe saba bananas slices dipped in caramel, rolled in paper cones, and sprinkled with sesame seeds


puto balanghoy

a steamed cassava cake made with grated cassava root, grated coconut meat and sugar


galyeta

Borrowed from Spanish galleta, from French galette, feminine equivalent of galet, from Old French gal (“rock”).


taklobo

Tridacna gigas
Tridacna gigas#Translingual

a taclobo or giant clam (Tridacna gigas)


polboron

Borrowed from Spanish polvorón (“A type of shortbread made of flour, sugar, milk, and nuts”), from pólvora, from Latin pulvis, pulveris.

bor

a cake, usually round or oval in shape, made by compacting a mixture of toasted flour, skimmed milk, margarine and sugar; it is usually wrapped in colored cellophane or washi paper

a round biscuit or bread similar to its Spanish predecessor


kulikot

Capsicum frutescens
Capsicum frutescens#Translingual

a wild cultivar of the Capsicum frutescens commonly found in the Philippines


atsal

Capsicum annuum
Capsicum annuum#Translingual

Capsicum annuum; a species within the family Solanaceae

the fruit of this plant; a bell pepper, a capsicum


biskotso

Borrowed from Spanish bizcocho, from Medieval Latin, based on Latin bis (“twice”) + coctus (“cooked”), referring originally to a type of bread baked twice so it would keep. Doublet of biskuwít.


sili espada

a long, thin, bright green chili closely resembling the cayenne and Basque Fryer peppers


paliya

Momordica charantia
Momordica charantia#Translingual

Momordica charantia, a vine in the family Cucurbitaceae

the fruit of this plant used as a vegetable; bitter melon


tambaliyong

Lagenaria siceraria
Lagenaria siceraria#Translingual

Lagenaria siceraria; a vine grown for its fruit

the young fruit of this plant used as a vegetable; the bottle gourd; the elongated variety of calabash


labanos

Borrowed from Spanish rábanos, plural of rábano (“radish”).


mustasa

Borrowed from Spanish mostaza, from Latin mustāceus, from mustum "must", because the condiment was originally prepared with must.

the mustard plant; any of several plant species in the genera Brassica and Sinapis


luy-a

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *laqia.
First attested in Antonio Pigafetta's Relazione del primo viaggio intorno al mondo—detailing the first circumnavigation of the world between 1519 and 1522.

inh+

Zingiber officinale
Zingiber officinale#Translingual


puto maya

puto maya (a rice cake made by boiling glutinous rice in coconut milk with ginger and sugar, usually served folded in banana leaves)


dabong

the edible bamboo shoot of several bamboo species used in cooking


adlay

Coix lacryma-jobi
Coix lacryma-jobi#Translingual


ampaw

Uncertain. Possibly either:
* From Chinese, possibly Hokkien. Compare Spanish hampáo, English ampao, Tagalog ampaw, Ilocano ampaw, Bikol Central ampaw, Aklanon ampaw, Maranao ampaw.
* From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ampaw (“empty husk (of rice, etc.)”).

inh

snack made of sweetened or syruped puffed rice, or peanut, or popcorn shaped into a brick, ball or disc


ungkog

Cucumis sativus
Cucumis sativus#Translingual

a vine in the gourd family, Cucumis sativus

the edible fruit of this plant, having a green rind and crisp white flesh; cucumber

the brown land crab (Cardisoma carnifex)


sanahorya

Borrowed from Spanish zanahoria, from Andalusian Arabic سَفُنَّارِيَة (safunnárya), from Arabic إِسْفَنَارِيَّة (ʔisfanāriyya) (compare Libyan Arabic: سفنّاريّة (sfənnāriyya)), from Ancient Greek σταφυλίνη (staphulínē) ἀγρία (agría).

der

سَفُنَّارِيَة

إِسْفَنَارِيَّة

(dated) a carrot (Daucus carota subsp. sativus)


uhong

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *uhuŋ. Cognate to Hiligaynon ohong and Ilocano uong.


tanglad

[t̪ɐŋˈl̪ad̪]

Cymbopogon citratus
Cymbopogon citratus#Translingual

lemongrass; one of various species of grass of the genus Cymbopogon, especially Cymbopogon citratus, which have a lemon-like taste and aroma, and are used in cooking, for tea, and for fragrance


kabog

Corchorus olitorius
Corchorus olitorius#Translingual

jute mallow (Corchorus olitorius), a shrub in the family Malvaceae

young fruit and leaves of this plant used as a vegetable


upo

From Hokkien 烏匏／乌匏 (o͘-pû, “dark gourd”).


malisa

From Sanskrit मरिच (marica, “black pepper”).

black pepper; the dried, unripe berries (peppercorns) of the Piper nigrum plant which are commonly used as a spice and seasoning; either used whole, or in a ground or crushed form


singkamas

Borrowed from Early Modern Spanish jícamas, plural of jícama (“jicama”), from Classical Nahuatl xīcama, apocopic form of xīcamatl.

bor+

Pachyrhizus erosus, a vine cultivated for its edible tuberous root

the root of this plant used as a vegetable; jícama


hambubukad

a lizard in the genus Draco; a flying dragon; a flying gecko; a gliding lizard


subangan

the part of the horizon where heavenly bodies rise; the east


kapupud-an

From pulo + ka- -an, with partial reduplication and elision. Doublet of kapuloan.


sinaguylas

From Spanish ciruela, from Latin cereŏla, an abbreviation of cereola pruna (“wax”) (“wax-coloured plums”).

jocote (Spondias purpurea); a tree in the cashew family Anacardiaceae


katarman

an isthmus; a narrow strip of land, bordered on both sides by water, and connecting two larger landmasses


lawis

(geography) a piece or point of land, extending beyond the adjacent coast into a sea or lake; a cape; a promontory; a headland


baryo

barangay; barrio (Philippine unit of administration)


sityo

Borrowed from Spanish sitio (“place”), from Latin situs.

a small village or a group of houses under a barangay; a hamlet


balangay

a type of wooden watercraft used by a group of Austronesian people when they migrated to the Philippines


balangay

(obsolete) a barangay; the smallest administrative district in the Philippines, headed by a barangay captain


gatosan

a century; a period of 100 consecutive years

several hundred things or people; hundreds


takna

an hour; a time period of sixty minutes; one twenty-fourth of a day


tabian

a chatterbox; one who chats or talks to excess


adlawan

daytime; the time of daylight; the time between sunrise and sunset

a date; a specific day in time at which a transaction or event takes place, or is appointed to take place; a given point of time


sumbongero

a tattler; a tattletale; one who tattles (reports others' wrongdoings), often by a child seeking attention


alahero

From Spanish alhajero (“jewelry box”), with shift in meaning due to -ero reinterpreted as doer suffix; analyzed alahas + -ero.


sabongero

a cockfighter; one who engages in a cockfight


reklamador

one who whines or complains, or makes frequent complaints or whining; a complainer; a whiner


kaliskalis

a fiddler crab; any of approximately 100 species of semi-terrestrial marine crabs which make up the genus Uca


alpiril

Metathetic. From Spanish alfiler, from the older alfilel, from Andalusian Arabic اَلْخِلَال (al-ḵilāl), from Classical Arabic خِلَال (ḵilāl, “pin, peg”).


kwentador

a person who recount deeds or charity done for a person in order to guilt them into returning the favor

a person who constantly counts and compares the work he has accomplished to a collaborator or coworker in a shared project or task


kutsarita

Borrowed from Spanish cucharita, from cuchara + -ita, diminutive of cuchara.


dagom

Inherited from Proto-Philippine *daʀum, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *zaʀum, from Proto-Austronesian *zaʀum.


kasilyas

Borrowed from Spanish casillas, plural of casilla (“booth”).


pansayan

From pansay + -an (“locative suffix”), where the root, pansay, is from Hokkien 放屎 (pàng-sái, “to defecate”).


kalibangan

a place where people defecate; a bathroom, an outhouse, or a field, a bush or body of water used in open defecation


pagarpar

(derogatory) one who talks too much or too loudly, especially in a boastful or self-important manner; a loudmouth

(by extension) an attention seeker; a show off

empty boasting, promises or claims; idle talk


senyorita

From Spanish señorita, diminutive of señora.

(archaic) the daughter of the master or mistress of a household

(derogatory) a young girl or lady who doesn't do or doesn't know how to do household chores


senyorito

From Spanish señorito, diminutive of señor, from Old Spanish sennor, from Latin senior, seniōrem (“elder”), comparative form of senex (“old”).

(archaic) the son of the master or mistress of a household

(derogatory) a young man or boy who doesn't do or doesn't know how to do household chores


nars

From English nurse, variant form of the archaic nourice, from Old French norrice, from Latin nūtrīcius (“that nourishes”), from nūtrīx (“wet nurse”), from nūtrio (“to suckle”).


beterano

Borrowed from Spanish veterano, from Latin veterānus.


painit

a light meal; especially a snack where hot beverage is served

the first meal of the day, usually eaten in the morning

an item of food served or eaten during breakfast


sinugdanan

[s̪ɪ.n̪ʊɡˈd̪a.n̪ɐn̪]


buyo

Areca catechu
Areca catechu#Translingual

the areca palm (Areca catechu); a species of palm which grows in much of the tropical Pacific, Asia, and parts of east Africa


ngipon

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *nipən, from Proto-Austronesian *nipən.


dapna

small planktonic crustaceans of the genus Daphnia


amaw

a fool; a feeble-minded person with poor judgment or little intelligence

a contemptible person; a prick; a bastard


suplador

someone who interrupts a conversation or a game; a heckler


dalaginding

[d̪ɐ.l̪ɐ.ɡɪn̪ˈd̪iŋ]

From Blend of dalaga (“young mature woman”) + inday (“young girl”) + -ing (“diminutive suffix”).


mestisa

Borrowed from Spanish mestiza, feminine form of mestizo.

the greasyback shrimp (Metapenaeus ensis)

the endeavour shrimp (Metapenaeus endeavouri)


kingkoy

After the titular character of the Philippine comic book Kenkoy.

a cartoon; anime; an animated film or TV show


industriya

industry (enterprise or a group of businesses)


buwang

(Metro Cebu, Bohol) Alternative form of bulang


binastos

obscene, lewd or abusive language; profanity

an obscene act; lewdness, indecency or offensive behaviour; obscenity


hinugasan

any item that has been cleaned by washing, especially tableware


katahom

one's appearance or attractiveness; looks


kagwapa

a girl or a woman's appearance or attractiveness


byuti

a combination of qualities, such as shape, color, or form, that pleases the aesthetic senses, especially the sight

magnificent appearance, display or grandeur; splendor


kagwapo

a boy or a man's appearance or attractiveness


kapinusilay

one's opponent in a shootout or gunfight


hakot

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hakut, from Proto-Austronesian *SakuC.

a harvester ant; an ant belonging to any of a number of species which gather and store plant material (usually seeds) for food


bumbilya

Borrowed from Spanish bombilla, diminutive of bomba, from Latin bombus, from Ancient Greek βόμβος (bómbos).


kaedad

someone who has the same age as another; an age group


kaputol

a person one divides or splits a whole with


pinusilay

a battle using small arms; a gunfight; a shootout


kaaway

[kɐˈʔa.wɐɪ̯]


hinakot

water in a barrel and other similar containers that was fetched or transported from a source or supply


tenyente

Borrowed from Spanish teniente, from tener.

(military) lieutenant (lowest commissioned officer rank or ranks in many military forces)


diwa

Borrowed from Malay jiwa, from Sanskrit जीव (jīva).


katig

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *katiʀ.


balintong

the Philippine pangolin (Manis culionensis)

Auxis thazard
Auxis thazard#Translingual


tanod

Inherited from Proto-Philippine *tánud (“guard, sentinel; to stand guard”).

inh+

a person that does policing and watchman duties under the barangay captain, either voluntarily or compensated, but are not members of the country's police force


putol

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *putul (“to break off, cut off”), from Proto-Austronesian *putun₂.

der

the part or piece that was cut off or broken off


anonas

Annona reticulata
Annona reticulata#Translingual


melokoton

From Spanish melocoton, borrowed from Latin mālum cotōnĭum (“quince”), with influence from Spanish melón.

Prunus persica
Prunus persica#Translingual


pusod

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *pusəj.

inh+

filament-like structure found at the tip of bananas


tiyan

From Proto-Philippine *tian, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tian, from Proto-Austronesian *tiaN. First attested in Antonio Pigafetta's Relazione del primo viaggio intorno al mondo—detailing the first circumnavigation of the world between 1519 and 1522.

an organ in animals that stores food in the process of digestion; the stomach


pating

Compare Waray-Waray pating and Bikol Central pating.


nawong

Compare Asi hawong and Waray-Waray nawong.

(zoology) the analogous part of an animal

(figuratively) one's facial appearance, image

face
(figuratively) one's facial expression

(figuratively) good reputation; dignity; prestige; face

any surface; especially a front or outer one

face
obverse (of a coin, medal, badge, etc.)


madyongan

a place or building where mahjong is played; a mahjong den; a gambling den


madyongero

an excessive gambler especially in mahjong; a man with a gambling addiction


madyongera

an excessive gambler especially in mahjong; a woman with a gambling addiction


petsas

From Spanish piezas, plural of pieza (“a piece”).

a poker chip; a disk-shaped counter that is used when gambling to represent money


hitsura

Borrowed from Spanish hechura (“appearance”), from Latin factūra.

bor+

front part of the head, featuring the eyes, nose, and mouth and the surrounding area

face, visage
public image; outward appearance


madyong

sandbur (genus Cenchrus, especially Cenchrus echinatus and Cenchrus longispinus)


itsura

[ʔɪˈt̪s̪u.ɾ̪ɐ]


sugarol

[s̪ʊ.ɡɐˈɾ̪ol̪]

Borrowed from Early Modern Spanish jugador (“player”).


sugalan

[s̪ʊˈɡa.l̪ɐn̪]


karpentero

ceb-noun

karpentéro (Badlit spelling ᜃᜇ᜔ᜉᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜒᜇᜓ)

a carpenter; a person skilled at carpentry, the trade of cutting and joining timber in order to construct buildings or other structures


ihap

a count; the result of a tally that reveals the number of items in a set; a quantity counted

a sum; quantity obtained by addition or aggregation


kwenta

From Spanish cuenta, from contar, from Latin computāre, present active infinitive of computō.


panday

[pɐn̪ˈd̪aɪ̯]

Borrowed from Malay pandai, from Prakrit 𑀧𑀁𑀟𑀺𑀅 (paṃḍia), from Sanskrit पाण्ड्यः (pāṇḍyaḥ, “learned; wise”).


sinudlan

a pork sausage made and cooked without curing and aging


hostiya

From Spanish hostia, from Latin hostia (“victim, sacrifice”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰóstis (“guest, stranger”) in its root sense of "enemy, stranger," whence also Proto-Germanic *gastiz and Proto-Slavic *gostь.

a communion wafer; the sacramental bread used in the Eucharist; the host


kalawat

communion wafer; the sacramental bread used in the Eucharist; the host


sungo

a beak or bill, the rigid structure projecting from the front of a bird's face, used for pecking, grooming and for eating food

the beaklike mouth of animals other than birds

a tusk; one of a pair of elongated pointed teeth that extend outside the mouth of an animal such as a walrus, elephant or wild boar


ostiya

Borrowed from Spanish hostia, from Latin hostia (“victim, sacrifice”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰóstis (“guest, stranger”) in its root sense of "enemy, stranger," whence also Proto-Germanic *gastiz and Proto-Slavic *gostь.


litaniya

Borrowed from Spanish letanía, from Late Latin litanīa, from Ancient Greek λιτανεία (litaneía, “prayer”), from λιτή (litḗ, “supplication"”).


purgatoryo

Borrowed from Spanish purgatorio, from Late Latin purgatorium (“cleansing”), post-Classical substantive use of purgātōrius (“cleansing, purgative”), from purgō (“cleanse, purify”).

any situation where suffering is endured, particularly as part of a process of redemption


hulam

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *həzam, from Proto-Austronesian *Səzam. Compare Masbatenyo huram, Masbate Sorsogon huram, Aklanon hueam, Tagalog hiram, Kapampangan andam, Ilocano iram, and Malay pinjam.


walingwaling

a waling-waling (Vanda sanderiana); an orchid endemic to Mindanao


bolunter

Borrowed from English volunteer, from Middle French voluntaire, from Latin voluntarius (“willing, voluntary”); or from voluntary + -eer.

der

a volunteer; one who enters into, or offers for, any service of his/her own free will, especially when done without pay


lukay

a palm frond; especially that of a coconut

crosses and other decorations, made from palm fronds and blessed on Palm Sunday


pakwan

Citrullus lanatus
Citrullus lanatus#Translingual


munggos

Borrowed from Spanish mungos, plural of mungo.

Vigna radiata
Vigna radiata#Translingual

Vigna radiata; a plant species within the family Fabaceae

a paste using pressed boiled mung beans used as a pastry filling


saluyot

young fruit and leaves of this plant used as a vegetable


Teban ug Goliat

From the characters Teban and Goliat, fictional brothers played by comedians Julian Daan and Alan Nacorda, in the 1990s Cebuano television show Si Goot da Wanderpol.

(informal, humorous) two very close and inseparable friends


eskala

Borrowed from Spanish escala (“a stopover”).

a short interruption in a journey; a stopover; a layover


abogago

a person who pretentiously talks or acts like he or she is an expert of the law


mananag-an

one who foretells the future; a diviner, a fortuneteller


bolador

(bingo) a caller; the person who stands at the front of the hall and announces the numbers

the person who draws the winner or winning entries in a raffle


opisina

Borrowed from Spanish oficina, from Latin officīna (“workshop”), from opificium (“action of working”), from opifex (“laborer, worker”).


minubo

a synopsis; a brief summary of the major points of a written work, either as prose or as a table; an abridgment or condensation of a work

an abbreviation; a shortened or contracted form of a word or phrase


printa

material that has been printed; a printing


tambol

From Spanish tambor, from Arabic طُنْبُور (ṭunbūr).


apahap

Lates calcarifer
Lates calcarifer#Translingual

Asian sea bass or barramundi (Lates calcarifer)


tahod

an attitude of consideration or high regard; respect

reverence; an act of showing respect, such as a bow


karosa

From Spanish carroza, from Italian carrozza.

a carriage used to carry images of saints during a procession

a float; an elaborately decorated trailer or vehicle, intended for display in a parade or pageant


palaigit

a person, especially a child, who soils his or her pants

a shithead; a stupid or contemptible person


bukarot

Probably from Ilocano or from a language of the Aeta people.

the Philippine crocodile (Crocodylus mindorensis)


mabaw

a shallow; a shallow portion of an otherwise deep body of water

the shallows; an area in a large body of water with many shallow areas


kalubihan

a land or beach covered with coconut trees; a coconut grove or plantation


kasagingan

a piece of land covered by banana trees; a banana grove or plantation


pinyahan

[pɪˈɲɐ.hɐn̪]

land covered with pineapple plants; a pineapple plantation


iliw

the yellow-wing flying fish (Cypselurus poecilopterus)


lahoy

Squalus acanthias
Squalus acanthias#Translingual


tangkongan

Ipomoea aquatica
Ipomoea aquatica#Translingual

an area dominated by Ipomoea aquatica plants

a hypothetical place where the sick, dumb or ill is thrown


ugis

a shade of white like that of chicken feathers

a chicken with completely white feathers

an albino; a person or animal with albinism


salampati

From blend of salag + Sanskrit पारापत (pārāpata), possibly borrowed through Malay. Compare Malay merpati.

blend

Sanskrit <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa">पारापत</i> (pārāpata)


taliba

(chiefly humorous) the female genitalia; the vulva or vagina


kalaw

the rufous hornbill (Buceros hydrocorax)


kawit

container for tapping tuba, a bamboo culm internode with one end cut open


bayabasan

an area dominated by guava trees; a guava plantation

a hypothetical place where students go to skip class or to play truant


kwarta

[ˈkwɐɾ̪.t̪ɐ]


salog

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *saləʀ. Compare Bikol Central salog and Tagalog sahig.


salog

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *saluʀ. Compare Malay salur.


sapiro

a guava tree that bears pink-fleshed fruits


sapiro

From Spanish zafiro (“sapphire”), from Latin sapphīrus, from Ancient Greek σάπφειρος (sáppheiros).

a clear deep blue variety of corundum, valued as a precious stone

a white, yellow, or purple variety of corundum, either clear or translucent


sapiro

From English sapphire, borrowed from Old French saphir, from Latin sapphir, sappir, sapphīrus, from Ancient Greek σάπφειρος (sáppheiros, “precious stone, gem”), from a Semitic language (compare Hebrew סַפִּיר (sappī́r)), perhaps ultimately from a non-Semitic source such as Sanskrit शनिप्रिय (śanipriya, “dark-colored stone”, literally “dear to Saturn”).


utin

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qutin, from Proto-Austronesian *qutiN. Compare Gorontalo wuti, Maranao otin, Tausug utin and Tetum uti.
First attested in Antonio Pigafetta's Relazione del primo viaggio intorno al mondo—detailing the first circumnavigation of the world between 1519 and 1522.


upaw

(sometimes offensive, often humorous) a baldhead; a person whose head is bald


bunutan

a small tree, Gardenia pseudopsidium (syn. Sulipa pseudopsidium)


punay

Ptilinopus occipitalis
Ptilinopus occipitalis#Translingual

the yellow-breasted fruit dove (Ptilinopus occipitalis)


wakang

From ellipsis of earlier limericks, such as Insik wakang, kaon, kalibang (literally “Chinese (laborer), eat, and shit!”) or Insek kwakang baboy tikangkang (literally “Chinese (laborer), pig (with) legs up in the air!”), which were old derogatory visayan limericks repeatedly sang by children on the streets during the late 1800s. The word itself in the limericks is likely originally borrowed from Hokkien, possibly 我工 (góa kang, “I work”) or 我空 (óa-khàng!, “my heavens!; OMG!; wow! (expletive)”) through wakanga, as per Wolff (1972) who describes it similar to ching chong. Compare with Tagalog beho.

(offensive, ethnic slur) a person with Chinese-like facial features; a Chinese person or Filipino of Chinese descent


bakilid

Probably ba- + kilid, probably a corruption of pakilid.


manay

From a clipping of Spanish hermana (“sister”) + -y.

an older woman; female senior (relatively older than the speaker)

term of address for any woman older than the speaker, not necessarily an elderly woman: ma'am


bulkan

Borrowed from Spanish volcán, from Italian vulcano, from Latin Vulcanus (“Vulcan”), from Etruscan Velchans.


kuyog baboy

(idiomatic) a tagalong; one that persistently follows another

(idiomatic) a hanger-on; someone who trails behind, especially uninvited or unwanted


kinsenas

From Spanish quincenas, plural of quincena.

(time) a half month period, specially applied for wage payment


simsim

Portulaca oleracea
Portulaca oleracea#Translingual

common purslane (Portulaca oleracea); an annual succulent in the family Portulacaceae


grip juice

(informal, humorous) tap water. (see usage notes)


kahilom

a hush; a silence, especially after some noise

the state of being serene; calmness; peacefulness; serenity

the quality or state of being still; stillness


hilom

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hidem. Compare Bikol Central hilom, Tagalog lihim.


birada

[bɪˈɾ̪a.d̪ɐ]

series of hits or blows directed at a person or object


talusi

the Visayan hornbill (Penelopides panini)


goryon

Passer domesticus
Passer domesticus#Translingual

the house sparrow, Passer domesticus; a small bird with a short bill, and brown, white and gray feathers

a member of the family Passeridae, comprising small Old World songbirds

a member of the family Emberizidae, comprising small New World songbirds

generically, any small, nondescript bird


tsoknat

From chocnut, blend of chocolate + peanut. Alternatively from chocolate + coconut, since supposedly the original recipe used chocolate and coconut.

a confectionery, usually sold in small bars, made with cocoa powder, peanuts and sugar


chocnut

Genericized trademark from Choc Nut, which is a blend of English chocolate + peanut, or alternatively of chocolate + coconut, since supposedly the original recipe used chocolate and coconut.

chocnut (a confectionery, usually sold in small bars, made with cocoa powder, peanuts and sugar)


huyahuya

Mimosa pudica
Mimosa pudica#Translingual

the sensitive plant (Mimosa pudica), a creeping annual or perennial herb of the pea family Fabaceae


harupay

the sensitive plant (Mimosa pudica); a creeping annual or perennial herb of the pea family Fabaceae


budlat

the striped monocle bream (Scolopsis lineata)


ranggo

From Spanish rango, from French rang, from Frankish *hring.

a hierarchical level in an organization such as the military; a rank


tsitsirika

the periwinkle; any of the flowering plants of the genera Catharanthus and Vinca


liryo

From Spanish lirio, from Latin līlium, from Ancient Greek λείριον (leírion).

Iris; a genus of flowering plants with showy flowers


amarilyo

Borrowed from Spanish amarillo, from Latin amarellus, from amarus (“bitter, sour”).


maong

Borrowed from Spanish mahón (“nankeen; jeans”). See Tagalog maong.


gladyola

gladiolus; a genus of perennial cormous flowering plants in the iris family (Iridaceae)


kamya

Hedychium coronarium
Hedychium coronarium#Translingual

Hedychium coronarium; a perennial flowering plant from the ginger family Zingiberaceae


lumbang

the seeds of this tree used to make beads


ilangilang

Cananga odorata
Cananga odorata#Translingual

the fragrant flower of a tropical tree (Cananga odorata) native to southeast Asia

an essential oil derived from this flower used in aromatherapy and perfumes

the tree on which ylang ylang flowers grow


lidibag

a ladybug or ladybird beetle; a small beetle in the family Coccinellidae


pass bao

a variation of punch buggy; a game where players race to spot a passing or parked Volkswagen beetle. at the sight of the vehicle, players salute and call out, "Pass bao!" failure to salute or placing last is punished by a knock or smack in the head


alangilan

[ʔɐ.l̪ɐˈŋi.l̪ɐn̪]


sampagita

Jasminum sambac
Jasminum sambac#Translingual

(rare) the Arabian jasmine (Jasminum sambac)


alas kwatro

four o'clock; the start of the fifth hour of the day in both the 12-hour and the 24-hour clock; 4:00

Mirabilis jalapa
Mirabilis jalapa#Translingual

the marvel of Peru or the four o'clock plant (Mirabilis jalapa)


pugong

a rubber band, ribbon or hairclip used to gather and hold the hair


kalabasang puwa

a plant and its fruit of five species of the genus Cucurbita; a squash

the flower of this plant used in cooking


kalabasang puti

From kalabasa nga puti (“white squash”).

Lagenaria siceraria
Lagenaria siceraria#Translingual

Lagenaria siceraria, a vine grown for its fruit

the young fruit of this plant used as a vegetable, specifically the rounder variety of the calabash gourd


pawikan

Inherited from Proto-Philippine *pawíkan.


timbang

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *timbaŋ (“balanced”).


turagay

Vitex negundo
Vitex negundo#Translingual

a five-leaved chaste tree (Vitex negundo); an aromatic plant primarily used in South and Southeast Asian folk medicine


buwakaw

(Metro Cebu, Northern Cebu, Bohol, Leyte) Alternative form of bulalakaw


ap-ap

(pathology) tinea versicolor; a skin condition of a yeast infection causing discoloured patches on the trunk and proximal extremities


kinaiya

an attitude; disposition or state of mind

an attribute; a characteristic or quality of a thing

a trait; an identifying characteristic, habit or trend


saksak sinagol

a collection of miscellaneous things; a hodgepodge; a jumble; a mishmash


tsansa

Pseudo-Hispanism, derived from English chance, from Old French chance (“accident, chance, luck”), from Vulgar Latin cadentia (“falling”), from Latin cadō (“I fall, I die”).


alalay

an assistant; a person who assists or helps someone else, especially as an occupation


sigarilyo

Borrowed from Spanish cigarrillo, from cigarro (“cigar”) + -illo (“diminutive suffix”).
Sense of "round scad", after its shape.


kakaw

Borrowed from Spanish cacao, from Classical Nahuatl cacahuatl. Doublet of kokwa.

Theobroma cacao
Theobroma cacao#Translingual


lapay

Nycticorax caledonicus
Nycticorax caledonicus#Translingual

the nankeen night heron (Nycticorax caledonicus)


lagari

Borrowed from Malay gergaji, ultimately from Sanskrit क्रकच (krakaca, “saw”).


malasugi

Xiphias gladius
Xiphias gladius#Translingual

a swordfish (Xiphias gladius); a large marine fish with a long, pointed bill

a marlin; any species of game fish belonging to either of the genera Tetrapturus or Makaira

a sailfish; a fish of the genus Istiophorus, having a characteristic sail-like fin on its back


tughok

a bedbug; a small nocturnal insect of the family Cimicidae that feed on the blood of humans and other warm-blooded hosts


buwitre

Borrowed from Spanish buitre, from Latin vultur.


likod

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *likud, from Proto-Austronesian *likud.
First attested in Antonio Pigafetta's Relazione del primo viaggio intorno al mondo—detailing the first circumnavigation of the world between 1519 and 1522.

inh+

back (that which is farthest away from the front)


suroy

[ˈs̪u.ɾ̪oɪ̯]


piyo

a small freshwater crab found in the mountains of Cebu


lakaw

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *lakaw.


kargador

[kɐɾ̪.ɡɐˈd̪oɾ̪]

a porter; a person who carries luggage and related objects


kulawin

a tree or small shrub, Premna serratifolia


kwarenta diyas

the fortieth day after a person's death, preceded by nine novena days, where a requiem mass is celebrated and a party is held for the deceased


tinuhoan sa buktot

Literally, “belief or beliefs of a hunchback”.


kinambrasan

a scratchmark, especially a mark left by a claw or talon


kinawtan

a scratchmark; a mark on the skin left from scratching an itch


igwalis

a tie; the situation in which two or more participants in a competition are placed equally


hepe

Borrowed from Spanish jefe, from French chef, from Latin caput, from Proto-Italic *kaput, from Proto-Indo-European *kauput-, *káput (“head”).

a chief or head police or military officer


kastrato

From English castrato, from Italian castrato, from Latin castrō (“to castrate”), likely from caedō (“to cut”).

a male who has been castrated, especially a male whose testicles have been removed before puberty in order to retain his boyish voice

a male soprano or alto voice produced by castration of the treble singer before puberty


panapton

a material made of fibers; a cloth; a fabric; a textile


maismais

Reduplication of mais (“corn”). Named for having a similar color to dried yellow corn husks.

an undetermined species of spider, having a yellowish color, used in spider fighting


kiyodkiyod

Reduplication of kiyod (“to hump”). Named after its violent web shaking.

the longbodied cellar spider (Pholcus phalangioides); a spider known to shake its web violently when disturb as a defense mechanism against predators


marka tuldok

an undetermined species of spider, with a large dot marking above the abdomen, used in spider fighting


marka uno

an undetermined species of spider, with a single vertical line on its back, used in spider fighting


sabong sa kaka

a blood sport involving spiders; spider fighting; spider derby


marka bungo

an undetermined species of spider, with a marking likened to a skull, used in spider fighting


red devil

an undetermined species of spider, reddish in color, used in spider fighting


kingking

crab spider; any species of the family Thomisidae


putig itlog

Contraction of puti + og, from puti og itlog. Literally, “having white testicles”.


sinugatan

a gift brought back by a traveller for somebody at home


limonsito kastila

an evergreen shrub of the genus Triphasia, especially the species Triphasia trifoliata and Triphasia grandifolia

the fruit of these plants; myrtle lime; limeberry; trifoliate limeberry


hiniktan

a gamecock; a rooster used in cockfighting


tangkagan

a lizard in the genus Draco; a flying dragon; a flying gecko; a gliding lizard


pilitpilit

a game similar to tag and hot lava where players touch wooden items to avoid getting tagged


karnabal

(mahjong) hand consisting of eight pairs


basketbolista

basketbol + -ista, ultimately from Latin American Spanish basquetbolista.


lunhaw

From Proto-Philippine *luh(ə)naw. Compare Tboli lenaw, Maranao lonaw, Tagbanwa lu'naw, Western Bukidnon Manobo lunew, and Tiruray lunew.


kondensada

Borrowed from Spanish [leche] condensada.


katam-is

sweetness; the condition of being sweet or sugary


prinsipal

Borrowed from English principal, from Old French principal, from Latin principalis.

a principal; a school's chief administrator


matam-is

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(ma-)taq(ə)mis, or analytically from ma- + tam-is.

inh+

sweet (confection made from sugar or high in sugar content)


mantaga

(folklore) a freshwater giant octopus that supposedly grab and drown unwary humans or animals in and around lakes


butlog

the outline of penis and testicles visible through clothing


kalabera

Borrowed from Spanish calavera (“skull”), from Latin calvaria, from calvus, from Proto-Indo-European *klh₂wós (“bald”) which contains the suffix *-wós (whence Latin -vus), from *kl̥H- (“naked, bald”).


tahal

From Spanish tajar, from Late Latin taliare, present active infinitive of taliō, from Latin talea.


pantalan

→ Spanish: pantalán


lingkoranan

ceb-noun

lingkoránan (Badlit spelling ᜎᜒᜅ᜔ᜃᜓᜇᜈᜈ᜔)


lara

(obsolete) Capsicum; a genus of flowering plants in the nightshade family Solanaceae

(obsolete) the fruit of these plants; a chili pepper or bell pepper


nobyo

From Spanish novio, from Vulgar Latin *novius (“newly wed”), from Latin novus (“new”).


panitik

the act, practice, ability, or subject of forming words with letters, or of reading the letters of words; orthography

the manner of spelling of words; correct spelling


martsa

From Spanish marcha, from marchar, from French marcher, from Middle French, from Old French marchier, from Frankish *markōn, from Proto-Germanic, from Proto-Indo-European *merg-, *marǵ- (“edge, boundary, border”).
Noun sense 2, after its supposed manner of walking.

undetermined species of spider, supposedly walks with a march-like gait, used in spider fighting


malong

a sarong; a garment made of printed cloth wrapped about the waist worn by both men and women


relibo

a relief; someone who takes over another

aid or assistance offered in time of need


husgado

court; court of justice; court of law; law court


kabilya

From Spanish cabilla, from dialectal Latin *cavicŭla, from clavicŭla.


dalagang ulay

an old woman who has never married; an old maid; a spinster


dumadapig

a supporter; a person who gives support to someone or something


amakan

a ply of woven bamboo strips; used in walls and panelling


trangka

[ˈt̪ɾ̪aŋ.kɐ]


katalagman

liability to injury or harm; danger; peril


basurahan

a place or receptacle for waste material; a garbage bag; a garbage can; a dumpster; a dumpsite; a landfill


wantotre

Named after its supposed manner of walking.

an undetermined species of spider, with a gait supposedly three steps and halt, used in spider fighting


marka sero

Ring marking on the spider likened to a zero.

an undetermined species of spider, with a ring marking above the abdomen, used in spider fighting


kariton

Borrowed from Spanish carretón (“cart”).


cadena de amor

[kɐˌd̪i.n̪ɐ d̪e ʔɐˈmoɾ̪]

Borrowed from Spanish cadena de amor (“chain of love”).

bor

Antigonon leptopus
Wikispecies:Antigonon leptopus

coral vine (Antigonon leptopus); a type of vine with white or pale to deep pink flowers that grow in racemes


suholan

a compensation; a recompense or reward for some loss or service


suhol

In the senses of "bribe", semantic loan from Tagalog suhol (“bribe”), intended as a substitute to suborno.

semantic loan

compensation (reward for some loss or service)


piskal

(law) public prosecutor (UK); district attorney (US)


paspas

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *paspas (“to brush away dust or dirt”).


kabanay

(strictly) a member of one's immediate family


dagit

a food offering to spirits or one's ancestors


sibsibanan

a land used for grazing animals; a grazeland; a pasture


trayanggol

From English triangle, from Old French triangle, from Latin triangulum, noun use of adjective triangulus (“three-cornered, having three angles”), from trēs (“three”) + angulus (“corner, angle”).

a type of firecracker with a triangle shape


belada

The spelling belada is used to match the spelling of the Spanish word velada.


noche buena

From Spanish Nochebuena, from noche buena.

a traditional dinner held towards midnight of December 24


yati

Possibly from Malay jati, from Old Javanese jati, from Sanskrit जाति (jāti).

Tectona grandis
Tectona grandis#Translingual


linusak

a dish made from a mash of boiled plantains, sweetened with sugar, sometimes margarine is added, and topped with shredded coconut meat


media noche

a traditional dinner held towards midnight of December 31


banay

(obsolete) inflorescence; a cluster of flowers

nuclear family; consisting of parents and their children

(by extension) one's direct line of ancestors, descendants, and lateral relations


pagpatay

a killing; an instance of someone being killed


Bag-ong Tuig

ceb-noun

Bag-óng Tuig (Badlit spelling ᜊᜄ᜔ᜂᜅ᜔ ᜆᜓᜁᜄ᜔)

[bɐɡˌʔoŋ ˈt̪u.ʔɪɡ]

malipayong Pasko ug malipayong Bag-ong Tuig


suok

a corner; specifically the interior corner


eksena

Borrowed from Spanish escena, with influence from other words starting with eks.


eskina

Borrowed from Spanish esquina, from Gothic *𐍃𐌺𐌹𐌽𐌰 (*skina), from Proto-Germanic *skinō (“rim, plate”).


tigpaminaw

a listenership; the audience that listens to a radio station or program; a listener


ambisyon

Borrowed from Spanish ambición (“ambition”).


pagburos

[pɐɡ.bʊˈɾ̪os̪]


manganakay

one who is in labor, who is about to give birth, or who is due to give birth


parokya

From Spanish parroquia, from Late Latin parochia, alteration of Ancient Greek παροικία (paroikía) "dwelling abroad", from παρά (pará) "beside" + οἶκος (oîkos) "house, dwelling".

(Christianity) a parish (part of a diocese)


tagdumala

an administrator; a manager; a head or leader


plantsahonon

laundry or items of clothing that needs ironing


gukdonon og plantsa

Literally, “deserving to be chased by a smoothing iron”.

lit

a person wearing wrinkly unironed clothes


estatuwa

Borrowed from Spanish estatua, from Latin statua, from statuō (“I erect, set up, cause to stand”).


anak sa liki nga kawayan

Literally, “child of the split bamboo culm”. Probably from several Philippine origin stories similar to Si Malakas at si Maganda whose titular characters emerged when a bird accidentally split a bamboo culm.

(idiomatic) an illegitimate child; a child born out of wedlock

(by extension) a child of unknown origin; an orphan


anak sa gawas

ceb-noun

anák sa gawás (Badlit spelling ᜀᜈᜃ᜔ ᜐ ᜄᜏᜐ᜔)

[ʔɐˌn̪ak s̪ɐ ɡɐˈwas̪]

Literally, “a child outside (of marriage)”.


pagsupak

the act of objecting, opposing or contradicting; an objection; an opposition; a contradiction


masetas

From Spanish macetas, plural of maceta (“a flowerpot”).

a plant or plants; especially potted ones


agianan

[ʔɐ.ɡɪˈʔa.n̪ɐn̪]


tabagnol

rust; a disease of plants caused by a reddish-brown fungus


relasyon

a relation; a connection or association; the condition of being related

a relationship; a kinship; being related by blood or marriage


kadalanan

streets or paths; all the roads; in the world, in a city, or town


balor

Borrowed from Spanish valor, from Latin valore, singular ablative of valor (“value”), from valeō (“I am strong”).

a value; the quality (positive or negative) that renders something desirable or valuable

a price; the cost required to gain possession of something


tagadagat

(often derogatory) someone who is from the coasts; especially from the seaside slums

(humorous, sometimes derogatory) a person with dyed or sunbleached hair; especially someone having light brown or blonde hair


tagaisla

an islander; a person who lives on an island; especially a resident of a remote or neighboring smaller island or islet, as opposed to the resident of the bigger islands, where the government or economic center is located


batunaw

Blend of bato (“a rock or stone”) + tunaw (“to melt”). Coined by the LUDABI.


tinun-an

[t̪ɪˈn̪un̪.ʔɐn̪]


black lady

Unadapted borrowing from English black lady.


sikmol

the ritual feeding of a baby's first solid food meal; usually done four months after birth using octopus tentacles


bungahoy

Blend of bunga + kahoy. Compare Tagalog bungangkahoy.


lansyaw

Borrowed from Hokkien 𡳞鳥／𡳞鸟 (lǎn-chiáu, “penis”). Compare Philippine English lanciao, Singaporean & Malaysian English lanjiao.

Malaysian English
Philippine English
Singaporean English
lansiao


kampilan

a type of single-edged longsword, traditionally used by various ethnic groups in the Philippines


baruto

From Proto-Bisayan *barutu. Compare Hiligaynon baroto.


kabilin

an inheritance; property that may be inherited

a tradition; a practice or set of values that is passed down from preceding generations through families or through institutional memory; a heritage; a legacy

an heirloom; valued possession that has been passed down through the generations


lumba

a race; a contest between people, animals, vehicles, etc. where the goal is to be the first to reach some objective


pag-umangkon

pag- + -um- + angkon. Perhaps from angkon (“to own”), but more plausibly, from anak (“child, relative”) through anakon. Compare Tagalog pamangkin.

a nephew or niece; the child of one's sibling or sibling-in-law

pag-umangkon sa panag-agawan
pag-umangkon sa panag-agawan#Cebuano

Short for pag-umangkon sa panag-agawan (“child of one's cousin”).


hampol

a poultice; a soft, moist mass of material, typically of plant material or flour, applied topically to the body to relieve soreness and inflammation and kept in place with a cloth; wilted or softened leaves used to cover a wound


layas

From Proto-Philippine *layas (“to desert or leave a place”).


kahumayan

a field where rice is grown; a ricefield; a rice paddy


sweldo

Borrowed from Spanish sueldo, from Latin solidus (“gold coin”).


payag

a small crude shelter; a hovel; a cottage; a hut


sugilambong

Blend of sugilanon + limbong, coined by Uldarico A. Alviola.


diwanag

(obsolete) an inspiration; a person, object, or situation which quickens or stimulates an influence upon the intellect, emotions or creativity


sugilagming

[s̪ʊ.ɡɪ.l̪ɐɡˈmiŋ]

Blend of sugilanon + gagming, coined by Uldarico A. Alviola.


sugilanon

From sugid + -an + -on. Coined by Uldarico A. Alviola.


sugilandong

[s̪ʊ.ɡɪ.l̪ɐn̪ˈd̪oŋ]

Blend of sugilanon + landong, coined by Uldarico A. Alviola.

story or anecdote, often of religious content, that will make one think and ponder


kapulongan

pulong + ka- -an. Coinage claimed by Uldarico Alviola.


lugaynan

[l̪ʊ.ɡɐɪ̯ˈn̪an̪]


kamagong

→ Spanish: camagón
→ English: camagon

Diospyros blancoi
Diospyros blancoi#Translingual

Diospyros blancoi; a persimmon tree from the Philippine Islands, now introduced into the East and West Indies


apilapilon

someone who interferes with others; one who is nosy, intrusive or meddlesome; a busybody; a meddler


kulililsing hari

a parlor game where players, in character, deliver improvised verses; it is usually played in a wake


sadugan

a tree of species Garcinia cowa, of the family Clusiaceae


agtang

the forehead; the part of the face above the eyebrows and below the hairline


bantay hari

in bato lata; an it who would rather keep a tight watch on the can than chase and catch other players


brip ni Tarsan

a triangular figure formed using a rubber band


ulo ni Voltes V

Literally, “Voltes V's head”. Named after the robot in the anime Chōdenji Machine Voltes V.

a figure, likened to the Voltes V's head, formed using a rubber band


balay ni Tarsan

a figure, likened to a house or tree house, formed using a rubber band


ulo sa Voltes V

Literally, “the Voltes V's head”. Named after the robot in the anime Chōdenji Machine Voltes V.


dunggoanan

[d̪ʊŋ.ɡoˈʔa.n̪ɐn̪]


agawon

dialectal form of agalon (“master, boss”)


sira-sira store

(humorous, often derogatory) a sari-sari store with limited merchandise (see usage notes)


agaw

Uncertain. Might be related to agaw (“snatch, take away, usurp”); compare etymology of igsuon (“sibling”). The third sense may have been influenced by dialectal agawon (“boss, supervisor”).

a form of address to a cousin, regardless if related by blood or through marriage

an amiable form of address to a stranger


Cefilis

Blend of Cebuano + Filipino + English. Originally a pun of syphilis.

a code-switching between English, Cebuano and Filipino


dodong

(familiar) Term of address for a boy or young man


titing

a familiar form of address for a boy or young man


kargaburo

[kɐɾ̪.ɡɐˈbu.ɾ̪o]

a card game, similar to burro, where players try to get rid of cards by following suit


tigso

the speckled reed warbler (Acrocephalus sorghophilus)


slipper game

a game similar to baseball or kickball, where players kick flip-flops


ten twenty

a variant of the Chinese jump rope where players jump over or step on a Chinese garter, that has been tied into a circle, while counting to one hundred in increments of ten


lupa langit

a variation of hot lava where an it would chase players who step on the ground


ulingay

a wager in card games where losers are punished by having their faces smeared with powdered charcoal


kabuhi

an illness characterized by dizziness, nausea, chills and symptoms similar to hyperacidity, gripes, heartburn and gastroesophageal reflux disease


Chinese garter

Chinese garter; Chinese jump rope (long narrow rubber garter band strip)

(playground games) Chinese garter; Chinese jump rope (game)


padidit

a sledding game using coconut palm fronds to slide downhill


tinabal

a preparation of fermented fish usually using parrotfish


tira hago

a rule in bato lata, that an it may invoke, that prevents players in the attacking line from tipping the can while the it is away chasing other players who have picked up their slippers


kariling

(proscribed) Alternative spelling of kaliring


mulmol

a parrotfish; any of the about 95 species of fish traditionally classified in the family Scaridae, but now often considered subfamily Scarinae of the wrasse family (Labridae)


pongkan

Citrus poonensis; a hybrid citrus cultivar, with a large sweet fruit in the size of an orange, made from crossing a mandarin and a pomelo


tsoy

(slang) a term of address for a young man

a friend or casual acquaintance; a buddy; a mate


patsoy-tsoy, walay lamoy

Literally, “dressy, yet starving”. Originally used to describe luxurious teenagers whose parents may or may not be struggling to put food on the table.


kwakang

From Ellipsis of Insek kwakang baboy tikangkang (literally “Chinese (laborer), I work and pose like a pig!”) or Ellipsis of Insik wakang, kaon, kalibang (literally “Chinese (laborer), I work, eat, and shit!”), which were old derogatory visayan limericks repeatedly sang by children on the streets during the late 1800s. The word itself in the limericks is originally borrowed from Hokkien 我工 (guá kang, “I work”). The first letter might be influenced from the last letter of Insik from the limericks. Compare with Tagalog beho.

ellipsis

(offensive, ethnic slur) a person with Chinese-like facial features; a Chinese person or Filipino of Chinese descent


Insek kwakang baboy tikangkang

Insek kwákang (canonical)
baboy tikangkang (canonical)

[ˌʔin̪.s̪ek ˌkwɐ.kɐŋ ˌba.boɪ̯ t̪ɪˈkaŋ.kɐŋ]

Coolie
History of the Philippines (1565–1898)

From Insik (“Chinese”) + wakang (“ethnic slur expression used to tease Chinese”) + baboy (“pig”) + tikangkang (“to fall or lie down with the legs raised”).
Literally, “Chinese (laborer), pig (with) legs up in the air!”. Also rhyming as a doggerel. Likely used during the late 1800s in the Late Spanish Colonial Era in the Philippines, when opium dens were rampant and many overseas Chinese migrants worked as low-wage laborers. Compare with Cebuano Insik wakang, kaon, kalibang!, Tagalog Intsik beho, tulo laway!

lit

Chinese (laborer), pig (with) legs up in the air, eat and shit!

Insik wakang, baboy tikangkang, kaon, kalibang!


Insek kwakang

From ellipsis of earlier limericks, such as Insik wakang, kaon, kalibang (literally “Chinese (laborer), I work, eat, and shit!”) or Insek kwakang baboy tikangkang (literally “Chinese (laborer), I work and pose like a pig!”), which were old racist derogatory visayan limericks repeatedly sang by children on the streets during the late 1800s, when opium dens were rampant and many overseas Chinese migrants worked as low-wage laborers. The words themselves are Insik (“Chinese”) + wakang (“ethnic slur expression used to tease Chinese”), both deriving from Hokkien 引叔 (ín-chek, “uncle”) and Hokkien 我工 (guá kang, “I work”) or 我空 (óa-khàng!, “my heavens!; OMG!; wow! (expletive)”).


batikulon

a portion of the esophagus of either a bird or an annelid that contains ingested grit and is used to grind up ingested food before it is transferred to the stomach; the gizzard


bukog

the rachis and petiolule of the leaf of the horseradish tree


dunggan

[ˈd̪uŋ.ɡɐn̪]

(dialectal, Metro Cebu) Alternative form of dalunggan


dalunggan

[d̪ɐ.l̪ʊŋˈɡan̪]

[d̪ɐwŋˈɡan̪]

First attested in Antonio Pigafetta's Relazione del primo viaggio intorno al mondo—detailing the first circumnavigation of the world between 1519 and 1522..
From dungog + -l- + -an.

Pigafetta

ear-like projections on the end of sacks formed when the mouth of the sack is tied up


sangka

(historical) tooth-filing practiced in pre-colonial Visayas


kalihokan

an action; something done so as to accomplish a purpose

an activity; something done as an action or a movement

an occurrence; something that happens; an event

physical motion between points in space; a movement


linihokan

conduct; the manner of guiding or carrying oneself; personal deportment; mode of action; behavior

a method or manner of doing something; a mannerism; a way


lakang

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *lakaj, compare Tagalog lakad.

step (something done so as to accomplish a purpose)


murag nasunogan

Literally, “like one got their house burned down”.

lit

(often offensive, humorous, of an attractive man or woman) having an ugly romantic partner


murag nakadaog sa lotto

(often offensive, humorous, of an ugly man or woman) having a good-looking romantic partner


alerdyi

From English allergy, from German Allergie. Coined by Austrian pediatrician Clemens von Pirquet in 1906 from Ancient Greek ἄλλος (állos, “other”) + ἔργον (érgon, “work, activity”), on the model of Energie.

(pathology, immunology) a disorder of the immune system causing adverse reactions to substances (allergens) not harmful to most and marked by the body's production of histamines and associated with atopy, anaphylaxis, and asthma

(pathology) any condition of hypersensitivity to a substance

altered susceptibility to a first treatment as exhibited in reaction to a subsequent one

an antipathy, as toward a person or activity


enerdyi

From English energy, from Middle French énergie, from Late Latin energia, from Ancient Greek ἐνέργεια (enérgeia, “action, act, work”), from ἐνεργός (energós, “active”), from ἐν (en, “in”) + ἔργον (érgon, “work”).

der

the impetus behind all motion and all activity

(physics) a quantity that denotes the ability to do work and is measured in a unit dimensioned in mass × distance²/time² (ML²/T²) or the equivalent

enthusiasm; intensity of feeling; excited interest or eagerness


bold star

(sometimes derogatory) an actor or actress who appear mainly in bold films


sungkol

the harlequin glory bower (Clerodendrum trichotomum)


tabaw

the white-flowered black mangrove (Lumnitzera racemosa)


sipres

[s̪ɪˈpɾ̪is̪]

a cypress tree; any member of the family Cupressaceae, especially the genera Cupressus and Chamaecyparis


enter hago

a rule in games where joiners are automatically relegated as it


undang dakol

a rule in games where a quitter is smacked or knocked in the head, by the other players, before he or she is allowed to leave the game


tabad

From Tagbanwa, Central Tagbanwa, Calamian Tagbanwa tabad.


kamwa

the articulate harp shell (Harpa articularis)


iring gilaygit

the random cat you hear caterwauling at night


sinina

[s̪ɪˈn̪i.n̪ɐʔ]

From Spanish chinina (“colonial Chinese-style blouse or shirt”).

bor

top (item of clothing that covers at least the chest, but which usually covers most of the upper human body between the neck and the waistline)


pantok

the Palawan stink badger (Mydaus marchei)


tandaytanday

a game where players take turns throwing rubber bands forwards from a throwing line; if a player lands his or her rubber band on top of another player's rubber band, he or she gets to keep it


floweran

(mahjong) the pile where a replacement tile is drawn after declaring a flower


nigo

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *niʀu, from Proto-Austronesian *ʀinu. Compare Malay nyiru.


silahis

(offensive) a bisexual person; especially one who is closeted


tag-anay paganda

a game where players guess the product being advertised during a television commercial break


paganda

an advertisement; especially a TV commercial


libaong

a pothole; a shallow pit or other edged depression in a road's surface, especially when caused by kerosion by weather or traffic


halok

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hajek, from Proto-Austronesian *Sajək (“to smell”).


sagat

Pterocarpus indicus
Pterocarpus indicus#Translingual


binalaki

From lalaki. Compare binabaye, linaki and pinalalaki.


paril

Borrowed from Early Modern Spanish pared. Compare Tagalog pader.

bor+

stone or concrete wall or perimeter fence


hikay

a feast; a very large meal, often of a ceremonial nature


tuloy

the Indian oil sardine (Sardinella longiceps); a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Sardinella


tampi

a ledge; a narrow horizontal surface projecting from a wall, cliff, or other surface

a bluff; a high, steep bank, for example by a river or the sea, or beside a ravine or plain; a cliff with a broad face


salag

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *salaR.

inh+

a structure built by a bird as a place to incubate eggs and rear young

a place used by another mammal, fish, amphibian or insect, for depositing eggs and hatching young


opaw

(sometimes offensive, often humorous) a baldhead; a person whose head is bald


kaluha

Analyzed as ka- + duha (“two”). Cognate with Tagalog kaluluwa (“soul”).


apapangig

(anatomy) the jaw; the part of the face below the mouth


alingagngag

[ɐ.lɪ.ˈŋʌɡ.ŋʌɡ]