suka

Antonio Pigafetta
Magellan's circumnavigation

Borrowing ultimately from Sanskrit चुक्रा (cukrā, “tamarind tree”), possibly through Malay cuka (“soured wine, vinegar”).First attested in Antonio Pigafetta's Relazione del primo viaggio intorno al mondo—detailing the first circumnavigation of the world between 1519 and 1522.

Pigafetta

vinegar; a sour liquid formed by the fermentation of alcohol used as a condiment or preservative; a dilute solution of acetic acid


salad

From English salad, borrowed from French salade, borrowed from Northern Italian salada, salata, from Vulgar Latin *salāta, from *salāre, from Latin saliō, from sal (“salt”).


kuya

University of Santo Tomas#Libraries and archives

From Hokkien 哥仔 (*ko-iá) as per Chan-Yap (1980) and Manuel (1948) with an older obsolete form of the diminutive suffix as a weak form of 囝 (kiáⁿ, káⁿ). Cognate with Tagalog kuya and Kapampangan koya.

a respectful title or form of address for an older man


asin

Inherited from Proto-Austronesian *qasiN.
First attested in Antonio Pigafetta's Relazione del primo viaggio intorno al mondo—detailing the first circumnavigation of the world between 1519 and 1522.


donut

a doughnut; a deep-fried piece of dough or batter


salami

From English salami, from Italian salami, plural of salame (“salami”), from sale (“salt”), from Latin sal.


paprika

From English paprika, borrowed from Hungarian paprika, from Serbo-Croatian pàprika, from pȁpar, from Proto-Slavic *pьpьrь, from Latin piper, from Ancient Greek πέπερι (péperi, “pepper”), from Indo-Aryan; compare Sanskrit पिप्पलि (pippali, “long pepper”).

cog

Capsicum annuum
Capsicum annuum#Translingual

paprika; powdered spice made from dried and ground fruits of sweet pepper (bell pepper) or chili pepper (cultivars of Capsicum annuum), or mixtures of these


yoyo

From English yo-yo / yoyo. Formerly a trademark. Most likely from Ilocano yóyo.

a cake that is shaped like a yoyo, akin to a cookie sandwich, often purple and with a margarine filling and rolled in white sugar


baka

a cow; an adult female of the species Bos taurus that has calved

any member of the species Bos taurus regardless of sex or age, including bulls and calves

beef; the meat from a cow, bull, or other bovine


lato

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *latuq. Compare Indonesian latuh, Malay latuh ,Sabah Malay latok and Tagalog lato.


iro

From older ido, from Proto-Bisayan *qiduq, from Proto-Philippine *qiduq.


maja

a pudding, usually made using cornstarch and coconut milk


baboy

From Proto-Philippine *babuy, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *babuy, from Proto-Austronesian *babuy.
First attested in Antonio Pigafetta's Relazione del primo viaggio intorno al mondo—detailing the first circumnavigation of the world between 1519 and 1522.


manok

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *manuk, from Proto-Austronesian *manuk.
First attested in Antonio Pigafetta's Relazione del primo viaggio intorno al mondo—detailing the first circumnavigation of the world between 1519 and 1522..
Sense 2 is an allusion to betting on a gamecock in a cockfight.


buli

(by extension) any member of the genus Corypha, collectively called buri palm

fiber extracted from the leaves of this plant


buli

From Proto-Philippine *buliq, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buliq. Cognate with Bikol Central buli, Hiligaynon buli, Tausug buli.


anis

Pimpinella anisum
Pimpinella anisum#Translingual

anise or aniseed plant (Pimpinella anisum)

Illicium verum
Illicium verum#Translingual


adobo

fried meat that has been marinated in soy sauce, garlic and vinegar or calamondin juice

a dish in which meat or liver is slowly cooked in a sauce including soy sauce, vinegar, garlic and onions


talaba

Inherited from Proto-Philippine *talabá (“kind of shellfish; oyster”).

inh+

oyster; any member of the family Ostreidae


pista

From Spanish fiesta, from Late Latin festa < Latin festa, plural of festum.


kokis

From English cookies, plural of cookie, borrowed from Dutch koekje (possibly through dialectal variation koekie), diminutive of koek (“cake”), from Proto-Germanic *kōkô.

a cookie; a sweet baked good which (usually) has chocolate chips, fruit, nuts etc. baked into it


lukon

Penaeus monodon
Penaeus monodon#Translingual


makaroni

From English macaroni, from Italian maccaroni, obsolete variant of maccheroni (“macaroni”), plural of maccherone, possibly from maccare (“bruise, batter, crush”), which is of unknown origin, or from late Ancient Greek μακαρία (makaría, “food made from barley”).

der

macaroni; a type of pasta in the form of short tubes


iring

(often humorous) cat meat (see usage notes)


lukot

the egg string of the wedge sea hare (Dolabella auricularia) used as food


salpo

Sipunculus nudus; a species of peanut worm


lomo

tenderloin; the tenderest part of a loin of meat


sasing

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *caciŋ (kind of worm). Cognate with Tausug sassing and Malay cacing.

inh+

(zoology) any member of the phylum Sipunculidae, the peanut worms


maskara

Borrowed from Spanish máscara, from Italian maschera, possibly ultimately from Arabic مَسْخَرَة (masḵara, “buffoon, fool, pleasantry, anything ridiculous”), from سَخِرَة (saḵira, “to ridicule, to laugh at”).


karamel

Borrowed from English caramel, borrowed from French caramel, from Spanish caramelo, from Late Latin calamellus, diminutive of calamus (“reed”), or alternatively from Medieval Latin cannamellis, which is either a compound of canna + mellis or possibly a borrowing from Arabic. Doublet of karmelitos.

a smooth, chewy, sticky confection made by heating sugar and other ingredients until the sugars polymerize and become sticky

a (sometimes hardened) piece of this confection

a yellow-brown color, like that of caramel


bibi

a duck; any member of the form taxon of ducks


dayok

a preparation of fermented fish intestines


sisi

a barnacle; a crustacean in the subclass Cirripedia


samong

a species of top snail (Trochus niloticus)


bawang

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bawaŋ (“garlic, onion”).


paa

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *paqa, from Proto-Austronesian *paqa.
First attested in Antonio Pigafetta's Relazione del primo viaggio intorno al mondo—detailing the first circumnavigation of the world between 1519 and 1522.

a drumstick; the second joint of the leg bone of a chicken or other fowl, especially as an item of food


karakol

Borrowed from Spanish caracol (“snail”).

the imperial volute (Cymbiola imperialis)


tinapay

[t̪ɪˈn̪a.pɐɪ̯]

Borrowed from Tagalog tinapay, from tapay + -in-.


ulang

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qudaŋ, compare Malay udang.

the giant freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii)


sarsa

From Spanish salsa, from Vulgar Latin *salsa, noun use of the feminine of Latin salsus (“salted”), from saliō, from sal. Doublet of salsa.


pastil

a savory pastry filled with beans and noodles


mangla

the scorpion mood cloop (Thalassina anomala)


lumpia

Borrowed from Hokkien 潤餅 /润饼 (lūn-piáⁿ).

a type of egg roll consisting of ground meat and spices and vegetables


lasuna

First attested in Antonio Pigafetta's Relazione del primo viaggio intorno al mondo—detailing the first circumnavigation of the world between 1519 and 1522.
From Sanskrit लशुन (laśuna, “garlic, onion”).


ahos

Borrowed from Spanish ajos, plural of ajo.

Allium sativum
Allium sativum#Translingual

garlic (Allium sativum); a plant related to the onion, having a pungent bulb much used in cooking


binignit

a dish of taro, sweet potatoes, sago pearls, landang and plantains (sometimes with jackfruit meat and sticky rice) cooked in coconut milk


sibuyas bombay

an onion; a monocotyledonous plant (Allium cepa), allied to garlic, used as vegetable and spice


tuyom

any sea urchin except the sand dollar and the common sea urchin (Echinus esculentus)


swaki

the common sea urchin (Echinus esculentus)


liog

From Proto-Philippine *liqəʀ, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *liqəʀ, from Proto-Austronesian *liqəʀ. Cognate with Tagalog leeg, Indonesian leher and Malay leher.
First attested in Antonio Pigafetta's Relazione del primo viaggio intorno al mondo—detailing the first circumnavigation of the world between 1519 and 1522.


buriring

the juvenile of several species of pufferfish consumed in the Philippines:

the Bennett's sharpnose puffer (Canthigaster bennetti)

the compressed toby (Canthigaster compressa)

the honeycomb toby (Canthigaster janthinoptera)

the Valentin's sharpnose puffer (Canthigaster valentini)

the longspined porcupinefish (Diodon holocanthus)


pan burikat

a bread with a sticky and brightly colored paste filling


dugos

First attested in Antonio Pigafetta's Relazione del primo viaggio intorno al mondo—detailing the first circumnavigation of the world between 1519 and 1522.


guso

any of several seaweeds in the genus Eucheuma, especially Eucheuma cottonii (now Kappaphycus cottonii), used as food and a source of carrageenan


nukos

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kanuqus. Compare with Tausug kanuus, Bikol Central kanuos.


kugita

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kuʀita, from Proto-Austronesian *guʀiCa. Cognate with , Malay kurita, Ilocano kurita, Javanese gurita, Fijian kuita, Marshallese kweet.

an octopus that is bigger than a tabugok


bulinaw

[bʊˈl̪i.n̪ɐʊ̯]


bolinaw

anchovy, esp. the Philippine anchovy (Encrasicholina oligobranchus)


talab

a pen shell; any member of the family Pinnidae


adidas

Borrowed from English adidas, a genericized trademark of the German company name Adidas, after its founder Adolf “Adi” Dassler. The sense is most likely due to the association made with chicken feet and Adidas shoes.


mansanilya

From Spanish manzanilla (“camomile”), from manzana (“apple”) + -illo.


buwad

(Metro Cebu, Bohol, Leyte) Alternative form of bulad


bulad

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *belaj (“spread out to dry in the sun”). Compare Tagalog bilad & Tausug buwad.


bitsin

From English vetsin, a genericized trademark of Tien Chu Ve-Tsin food company, or its particular Chinese reading in Hokkien 味精 (bī-cheng). The Ve-Tsin (味精) trademark itself comes from Shanghainese 味精 (⁶vi-cin₁), which is ultimately from Japanese 味(み)精(せい) (misei).

monosodium glutamate
monosodium glutamate


lumpya

zh-l

潤餅／润饼 (lūn-piáⁿ)

a type of egg roll consisting of ground meat and spices and vegetables


elorde

Named after Cebuano boxer Gabriel "Flash" Elorde.

a type of bread roll that look like two boxing gloves pressed together


caycay

a layered biscuit rolled in toasted peanuts and honey or sugar syrup


ginamos

a preparation of fermented fish, often using small fishes like anchovies


tinughong

a rice gruel, made with leftover rice, boiled and cooked again in water, and sweetened with sugar


taklobo

Tridacna gigas
Tridacna gigas#Translingual

a taclobo or giant clam (Tridacna gigas)


luy-a

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *laqia.
First attested in Antonio Pigafetta's Relazione del primo viaggio intorno al mondo—detailing the first circumnavigation of the world between 1519 and 1522.

Pigafetta

Zingiber officinale
Zingiber officinale#Translingual


tangad

Cymbopogon citratus
Cymbopogon citratus#Translingual

lemongrass; one of various species of grass of the genus Cymbopogon, especially Cymbopogon citratus, which have a lemon-like taste and aroma, and are used in cooking, for tea, and for fragrance


tiyan

From Proto-Philippine *tian, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tian, from Proto-Austronesian *tiaN. First attested in Antonio Pigafetta's Relazione del primo viaggio intorno al mondo—detailing the first circumnavigation of the world between 1519 and 1522.

an organ in animals that stores food in the process of digestion; the stomach


chocnut

Genericized trademark from Choc Nut, which is a blend of English chocolate + peanut, or alternatively of chocolate + coconut, since supposedly the original recipe used chocolate and coconut.

chocnut (a confectionery, usually sold in small bars, made with cocoa powder, peanuts and sugar)


kamwa

the articulate harp shell (Harpa articularis)


adobaw

a dish in which meat or liver is slowly cooked in a sauce including soy sauce, vinegar, garlic and onions


humba

From Hokkien 封肉 (hong-bah, “braised meat”).

a dish similar to adobo but is sweeter and fattier, usually made using fried pork belly cooked in a sauce including garlic, onions, fermented black beans, spring onions, brown sugar, pepper corns, bay leaves, soy sauce and lemon-lime soft drink or pineapple juice


bukobuko

Reduplication of buko (“node of a stem”)

redup

(anatomy) the back of a person or animal

(especially) the upper back, opposite the chest

the back of a person or animal
the upper back, opposite the chest


tarutot

a horn; any of several musical wind instruments


tipay

Pinctada maxima
Pinctada maxima#Translingual

Pinctada maxima, a pearl oyster having two varieties; the white-lipped oyster and the gold-lipped oyster


tamasok

a shipworm; especially ones that are found on ships or boats (see usage notes)


tamilok

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tamiluk (teredo, sea worm that attacks wood). Compare Tausug tambiluk, Malay tembelok and Iban tebelok.

inh+

a shipworm; any of several wormlike marine mollusks (not true worms) of the family Teredinidae, that bore through the wooden hulls of ships and other woody material immersed in salt water


sunglotan

the internal organs of a sea cucumber eaten as food


keyk

From English cake, from Middle English cake, from Old Norse kaka (“cake”), from Proto-Germanic *kakǭ (“cake”), from Proto-Indo-European *gog- (“ball-shaped object”).

der

a cake; a rich, sweet dessert food, typically made of flour, sugar, and eggs and baked in an oven, and often covered in icing


bombay

an onion; a monocotyledonous plant (Allium cepa), allied to garlic, used as vegetable and spice


bombay

(offensive, vulgar) a person that resembles a Middle Eastern person; often used interchangebly with turko


dagatan

the taclobo or giant clam (Tridacna gigas)


buwad isda

(Metro Cebu, Bohol, Leyte) Alternative form of bulad isda (“dried fish”)


bulad isda

[bʊˌl̪ad̪ ˈʔis̪.d̪ɐʔ]


law-oy

a vegetable dish, made using squash, okra, tomatoes, taro, moringa leaves, camote tops, eggplants, yardlong beans and Malabar spinach


sinamon

From English cinnamon, borrowed from Old French cinnamone, from Latin cinnamon, cinnamomum, from Ancient Greek κίνναμον (kínnamon), κιννάμωμον (kinnámōmon), from Phoenician [Term?], cognate with Hebrew קִנָּמוֹן (qinnāmōn).


dulaw

Curcuma longa
Curcuma longa#Translingual

turmeric (Curcuma longa); an Indian plant with aromatic rhizomes


kisiyo

white cheese made from carabao or goat milk


putpot

the common ponyfish (Leiognathus equulus)


putpot

Onomatopoeic. Kutsinta is often sold by peddlers who carry a bulb horn.


wasaywasay

a hammer oyster; any member of the genus Malleus


amumungpong

a top shell; any member of the family Trochidae


bagongon

the telescope shell (Telescopium telescopium)


sudlaysudlay

Vasticardium flavum subrugosum; a type of cockle in the family Cardiidae


baluso

the fenestrate top shell (Tectus fenestratus)


litob

any of several ark clams (family Arcidae):

the inequivalve ark (Anadara inaequivalvis)


dalodalo

the giant mangrove whelk (Terebralia palustris)


liswi

the strawberry conch (Conomurex luhuanus)


tagimtim

the mangrove oyster (Crassostrea tulipa)


tambayang

the red-lipped codakia (Codakia tigerina)


tapusok

a wentletrap; any of numerous species of elegant, usually white, marine shells of the genus Epitoniidae


kapis

the windowpane oyster or capiz (Placuna placenta)


til-og

a dish using a smalltooth emperor as a main ingredient, often served to a sick person much like chicken soup


saypo

Sipunculus nudus; a species of peanut worm


sidyok

the black long spine urchin (Diadema setosum)


sawsaw

[ˈs̪aʊ̯.s̪ɐʊ̯]

From Proto-Philippine *sawsáw ("to dip in liquid").


sawsawan

[s̪ɐʊ̯ˈs̪a.wɐn̪]


manla

the scorpion mood cloop (Thalassina anomala)


hatkeyk

a hotcake; a pancake; a thin batter cake fried in a pan or on a griddle in oil or butter


pankeyk

From English pancake, from Middle English pancake.


kapkeyk

a cupcake; a small cake baked in a paper container shaped like a cup, often with icing on top


tulipsay

the Asian moon scallop (Amusium pleuronectes)


bahogbahog

a type of bread pudding, although considered more as a bread than a dessert


tudlo dato

the sharp razor clam (Pharella acutidens)


saang

a spider conch; any member of the genus Lambis


libuo

the Pacific tiger lucine (Codakia tigerina)


dawodawo

the giant mangrove whelk (Terebralia palustris)


buskay

the eglantine cowrie (Cypraea eglantina)


bunsodbunsod puti

Hexaplex cichoreum albicans, a white variety of the endive murex


budyong tangali

a Triton snail; any member of the family Ranellidae


bungkawil

Laevistrombus canarium
Laevistrombus canarium#Translingual


bug-atan

the tumid venus clam (Gafrarium pectinatum)


bilbig

the golden freshwater clam (Corbicula fluminea)


saliot

the elongate giant clam (Tridacna maxima)


hagdanhagdan

the fluted giant clam (Tridacna squamosa)


kasabha

Carthamus tinctorius
Carthamus tinctorius#Translingual


kasubha

Ultimately from Sanskrit कुसुम्भ (kusumbha)


saging minantikaan

fried bananas, including pinaypay and banana cue


pinyato

a brittle; a confection of caramelized sugar and nuts


bitsukoy

a pancake; a thin batter cake fried in a pan or on a griddle in oil or butter


butsi

Possibly from Hokkien 麻糍 (môa-chî) or a similar cognate, or Spanish buche (“mouthful”). Compare Tagalog butse (“Jian dui”), Tagalog matse (“Mache”), Cebuano masi (“Masi”), Kapampangan motsi (“Moche”).

Jian dui; sesame ball; a type of fried pastry, made from glutinous rice flour, with a sesame seed coating and a black bean paste filling


takobo

the taclobo or giant clam (Tridacna gigas)


anlilitik

a mantis shrimp; a marine crustacean of the order Stomatopoda, with powerful claws and a carapace which covers only the rear part of the head and part of the thorax


gulaman

a red alga, especially of the genera Gracilaria and Gelidium

a jelly; gelatin; a dessert made from agar or gelatin

the dehydrated colored bars of Gelidium corneum


guwaman

agar; a gelatinous material obtained from the marine algae, used as a bacterial culture medium, in electrophoresis and as a food additive

a jelly; a dessert made from agar or gelatin


bihod

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bihed. Compare Gorontalo biyodu.


sibuying

Allium cepa var. aggregatum
Allium cepa var. aggregatum

the shallot (Allium cepa var. aggregatum)


paloypoy

Curcuma zedoaria
Curcuma zedoaria#Translingual


kisol

Kaempferia galanga
Kaempferia galanga#Translingual


saong

(chiefly Davao) spider conch (genus Lambis)


ginanggang

saba bananas, cooked in skewers and broiled, served brushed with margarine and rolled in white sugar


letson

an expression of anger, disgust, dismay, etc.


siyakoy

Borrowed from Hokkien 油炸粿 (iû-chiā-kóe). Compare Malay cakoi, Indonesian cakwe.


binuylos

From Spanish buñuelos, plural of buñuelo, from Old Spanish *boño, from Gothic *buggjo (“lump”).

a doughnut hole with a coconut meat filling


batsoy

Borrowed from Hiligaynon batsoy, from Hokkien, either 肉碎 (bah-chhùi, “minced meat”, literally “meat pieces”) or 肉水 (bah-chúi, literally “meat water”). See also tsapsoy, Hokkien 肉脞麵 /肉脞面 (bah-chhò-mī), Hokkien 碎肉 (chhùi-bah / chhùi-mah).


sapsoy

From English chop suey, from Cantonese 雜碎 /杂碎 (zaap⁶ seoi³).


kusisang

(chiefly Zamboanga del Norte, dated) vinegar


paging puwa

the red stingray (Hemitrygon akajei, syn. Dasyatis akajei)


kanela

From Spanish canela, from Latin canella, diminutive of canna (“reed, cane”), from Ancient Greek κάννα (kánna, “reed”), from Akkadian 𒄀 (qanû, “reed”), from Sumerian 𒄀𒈾 (gi.na).

Cinnamomum verum
Cinnamomum verum#Translingual

the true cinnamon tree (Cinnamomum verum)

(obsolete) cinnamon; a spice from the dried aromatic bark of the cinnamon tree, either rolled into strips or ground into a powder


lagang

the chambered nautilus (Nautilus pompilius)


biskuwit

Borrowed from English biscuit, from bisket, borrowed from Old French bescuit. Doublet of biskotso.

cracker (crispy baked bread, usually salty or savoury)


kamuntaha

the Philippine mantis shrimp (Gonodactylaceus falcatus, syn. Gonodactylus aloha)


mantaha

harlequin mantis shrimp
harlequin mantis shrimp

harlequin mantis shrimp (Odontodactylus scyllarus)


amimiltik

the robber mantis shrimp (Harpiosquilla harpax)


tamala

an octopus that is smaller than a tabugok


sangki

First attested in Antonio Pigafetta's Relazione del primo viaggio intorno al mondo—detailing the first circumnavigation of the world between 1519 and 1522.
Compare Malay cengkih.


binuyok

rice that has been cooked by buyok method


lamaw

Compare pasaw. For the rice dish, the plating of such dish is likened to pigwash.


choco lanay

a sandwich of thin pastry wedges with a chocolate filling