guerra

→ Sardinian: gherra

Inherited from Old Catalan guerra~gerra, from Early Medieval Latin werra, from Frankish *werru (“confusion; quarrel”).


fiscal

(law) public prosecutor (UK), district attorney (US)


fa

(music) fa (fourth note of diatonic scale)


quarter

Inherited from Latin quārtārius. In the military senses, influenced by French quartier.


país

Borrowed from French pays, from Old French païs, from Medieval Latin pagēnsis, from Latin pāgus (“country”), from Proto-Indo-European *peh₂ǵ-. Doublet of pagès. See related terms.

País Basc

country, land (a set region of land having particular human occupation or agreed limits)

country (the territory of a nation, especially an independent nation state)


most

must (fruit juice that will ferment or has fermented)


company

ca-noun

company m (plural companys, feminine companya)

Inherited from Late Latin compāniō, from Latin cum + pānis (“bread”). This form was inherited from the Latin nominative, while the variant companyó came from the accusative compāniōnem.


singular

Borrowed from Latin singulāris. Doublet of senglar.


os

Inherited from Old Catalan os, from Latin ossum, non-standard variant of os.


os

Inherited from Latin ursus. Compare Spanish oso, Occitan ors, French ours.


colon

colon m (plural colons, feminine colona)


colon

(numismatics) colon (currency unit of Costa Rica, and formerly of El Salvador)


port

Inherited from Old Catalan port, from Latin portus, from Proto-Italic *portus, from Proto-Indo-European *pértus (“crossing”), from *per- (“to go forth, to cross”).


port

(rare or archaic) the action of carrying something from one place to another

(rare) the volume a boat or another vehicle can carry


tigre

tigre m (plural tigres, feminine tigressa)

Borrowed from Latin tīgris, from Ancient Greek τίγρις (tígris).


te

The name of the Latin-script letter T/t.


te

Camellia sinensis
Camellia sinensis#Translingual

tea; the product made from the leaves of the tea plant

tea; a light afternoon meal at which tea is commonly served


vi

Inherited from Old Catalan vi~vin, from Latin vīnum, from Proto-Italic *wīnom, from Proto-Indo-European *wóyh₁nom.


duel

Borrowed from Italian duello, from Medieval Latin duellum (“fight between two men”), under influence from Latin duo.


fruit

el fruit de les seves entranyes


de

The name of the Latin-script letter D/d.


tempo

Borrowed from Italian tempo. Doublet of temps.


bot

Borrowed from Middle English bot (whence English boat), from Old English bāt (“boat”), from Proto-Germanic *baitaz, *baitą (“boat, small ship”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeyd- (“to break, split”).


bot

Inherited from Late Latin buttis (“wineskin”), probably of Ancient Greek origin.

inh+

sunfish (large marine fish of the family Molidae)


perpendicular

Borrowed from Late Latin perpendiculāris, from perpendiculum.


humor

ca-noun

humor m or (archaic, regional or poetic) f (plural humors)


be

The name of the Latin-script letter B/b.


be

sheep, ram, ewe, lamb; an individual of the species Ovis aries


alpaca

Borrowed from Spanish alpaca, from Aymara allpaqa.


pit

Inherited from Old Catalan pit (also pits), from Latin pectus, from Proto-Italic *pektos, from Proto-Indo-European *peg- (“breast”). Compare Occitan pièch, French pis, Spanish pecho.

(castells) force to support the castell, provided by the castellers in the pinya by pressing their chest onto the back of the casteller in front of them


president

→ Spanish: president

Learned borrowing from Latin praesidēns, prasedientem (“presiding over; president, leader”).


pom

(historical) orb (golden ball symbolising royal power)


quadrant

Borrowed from Latin quadrantem (“fourth part of something, quarter”).


llama

Borrowed from Spanish llama, from Quechua llama.


color

ca-noun

color m or (archaic, regional or poetic) f (plural colors)

Inherited from Latin colōrem. Compare Occitan color, French couleur.


zebra

Inherited from Old Catalan atzebra, from Old Galician-Portuguese *ezevra, *ezevro.


consonant

Borrowed from Latin cōnsonantem. First attested in the 14th century.


general

general m (plural generals, feminine generala)


zero

From Italian zero, from Medieval Latin zephirum, from Arabic صِفْر (ṣifr, “nothing, cipher”).


en

(traditional) Alternative form of ena (“the letter N”)


or

From Latin aurum, from Proto-Italic *auzom, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂é-h₂us-o- (“glow”), from *h₂ews- (“to dawn, become light, become red”).


any

Inherited from Latin annus, from Proto-Italic *atnos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂et-no-, probably from *h₂et- (“to go”).

un home de 26 anys

Quants anys tens?

Bon any nou!

Avui faig anys


mi

(music) mi (third note of diatonic scale)


mi

mu; the Greek alphabet letter Μ (lowercase μ)


accident

Borrowed from Latin accidentem, present active participle of accidō (“happen”).


for

(numismatics) exchange rate, market value (of a coin)


article

Borrowed from Latin articulus. Compare the inherited doublet artell.

article (a piece of nonfictional writing)


angle

(geometry) angle (figure formed by two rays which start from a common point)

angle (a corner where two walls intersect)


pi

Inherited from Old Catalan pin, from Latin pīnus, ultimately from a derivative of Proto-Indo-European *poi- (“sap, juice”).


experiment

Borrowed from Latin experīmentum. First attested in 1460.


parent

ca-noun

parent m (plural parents, feminine parenta)


lupus

Borrowed from Latin lupus. Doublet of the inherited llop.


sequoia

Borrowed from English sequoia, named after Cherokee polymath Sequoyah.

Sequoia sempervirens
Sequoia sempervirens#Translingual

Sequoiadendron giganteum
Sequoiadendron giganteum#Translingual

giant sequoia (Sequoiadendron giganteum)


alegria

[ə.ləˈɣɾi.ə]


SA

societat anònima
societat anònima#Catalan


safari

Borrowed from Swahili safari (“journey”), from Arabic سَفَر (safar).


car

Borrowed from Byzantine Greek κάροιον (károion, “yard, spar”), from Ancient Greek κεραίᾱ (keraíā).


salsa

Inherited from Old Catalan salsa, from Vulgar Latin *salsa, a noun based on the feminine of Latin salsus (“salted”), perfect passive participle of salīre, a verb based on sāl.


sol

Inherited from Old Catalan sol, from Latin sōlem (“sun”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *sóh₂wl̥.

(numismatics) sol (a unit of currency used in Peru)


sol

(music) sol (the fifth note of the diatonic scale)


sol

(chemistry) sol (a colloid suspension of a solid in a liquid)


om

From older olm, from Latin ulmus (compare French orme, Spanish olmo). First attested in 1150.


bran

From Vulgar Latin *brandus, from Frankish *brand.


ant

From Andalusian Arabic لمط (lámṭ), presumably by misdivision.


granada

From granar + -ada. Compare Spanish granada, French grenade.


coral

Borrowed from Latin corallium, from Ancient Greek κοράλλιον (korállion).


plata

From the feminine of plat, or from Vulgar Latin *platta, *plattus, borrowed from Ancient Greek πλατύς (platús, “wide”), because silver was often made into sheets.


moro

Inherited from Old Catalan moro, inherited from Latin maurus.

Moor (a member of an Islamic people of Arab, Berber and Islamized/Arabized Iberian origin ruling the Iberian peninsula from the 8th to the 15th centuries)


son

Inherited from Old Catalan son, from Latin somnus, from Proto-Indo-European *swépnos. Feminine noun by analogy with fam (“hunger”) and set (“thirst”).


pupitre

Borrowed from Spanish pupitre, from French pupitre. Doublet of púlpit.


vers

Borrowed from Latin versus (“line, row”). Doublet of bes and ves.


to

Borrowed from Latin tonus, from Ancient Greek τόνος (tónos). First attested in 1575.


torta

Nominalization of what was originally the feminine past participle of tòrcer.

Simulava que estava borratxo i marxava fent tortes cap a casa.

He pretended he was drunk and went off towards home making twists and turns.


torta

female equivalent of tort (“one-eyed person”)


día

Avuy será un día de moltas trifulgas, més de quatre cops me veuré obligat á intervenir ab los assumptos del poble, […]

1904, Ramón Bartomeus, Lo Gran día: sarsuela de costums catalanas en dos actes, Biblioteca L'Escón, page 37:


mapa

map (sheet with geographical information on it)


as

From Latin as (“basic Roman unit of money”).

(games) an ace (the side of a die with a single pip)

(card games) an ace (a card with a single pip, usually of highest rank in a suit)

(figuratively, sports) an ace (an expert)

(historical, metrology) an as or a libra (Roman unit of weight)

(historical, numismatics) an as (Roman unit of money)


as

From Old Norse áss, singular of æsir (“the Norse gods”).


talent

Borrowed from Latin talentum, from Ancient Greek τάλαντον (tálanton).


pam

Inherited from Old Catalan palm, from Latin palmus. Doublet of palm and palma. Cognate with Galician, Portuguese, and Spanish palmo.

span, handspan, an informal unit of measure based on a hand's width

Holonym: cana

(historical) a traditional unit of length that is the 1 / 8 part of a cana; ~20 cm


paraula

Inherited from Old Catalan paraula, from Latin parabola (“parable, proverb”), from Ancient Greek παραβολή (parabolḗ). First attested in the 12th century. Compare Occitan paraula, French parole, Spanish palabra. Doublet of paràbola, a borrowing from Latin.


adherent

ca-noun

adherent m or f by sense (plural adherents)


re

(music) re (second note of diatonic scale)


dia

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *dia, from Latin diēs, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *dyḗws (“heaven, sky”). Compare Gascon dia and Spanish dia.

der

Avui és un dia normal. És un dia en el qual no res (m')ha passat especialment remarcable.

2011, Tobies Grimaltos Mascarós, Idees i paraules: Una filosofia de la vida quotidiana, Universitat de València, →ISBN, page 41:

Today is a normal day. It's a day in which nothing especially remarkable happened (to me).

En ona llarga durant el dia, a Catalunya, es poden escoltar les emissores Ràdio Montecarlo (RMC), als 216 kHz o Ràdio Alger, als 252 kHz.

2011, Cinto Niqui Espinosa, Fonaments i usos de tecnologia audiovisual digital, Editorial UOC, →ISBN, page 362:

In long wave during the day, in Catalonia, you can hear the broadcasters Ràdio Montecarlo (RMC) at 216 kHz or Ràdio Alger, at 252 kHz.

day (the part of the day between sunrise and sunset)


ban

ban (a title used in several states in central and south-eastern Europe between the 7th century and the 20th century)


larva

Borrowed from Latin larva (“ghost-like, masked”).


rata

Semi-learned borrowing from Medieval Latin rattus (“rat”).


disgust

ca-noun

disgust m (plural disgusts or disgustos)


lent

Borrowed from Latin lentem. First attested in 1803.


got

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *gottus, from Latin guttus. Cognate with Ladin got, Venetian goto, Italian gotto.


so

Inherited from Old Catalan so~son, from Latin sonus. Compare Occitan son, French son, Spanish sueno.


so

Back-formation from sons (plural). Compare Spanish sueño, Portuguese sono, from Latin somnus.


he

he (fifth letter of various Semitic alphabets)


cost

Tanacetum balsamita
Tanacetum balsamita#Translingual


all

Inherited from Latin allium. Compare Occitan alh, French ail, Spanish ajo.


conductor

Borrowed from Latin conductōrem (“contractor, employer”).


factor

doer, agent (someone who does something)

(business, commerce) agent (someone who buys and sells on someone else's behalf)


exterior

exterior (the outside part, parts or surface of something)


actor

ca-noun

actor m (plural actors, feminine actora)

(sociology) actor, agent (person who does an action)

(law) legal entity who is party to a contract


actor

actor m (plural actors, feminine actriu)


candor

Borrowed from Latin candōrem. First attested in 1839.


rang

rang d'una matriu


central

nexus; headquarters (non-military); central office


funeral

(often in the plural) funeral (ceremony)


fit

Inherited from Latin fīctus, archaic past participle of fīgō (“to fasten, fix”). Doublet of fix and fixed.


canal

Inherited from Latin canālis (“channel; canal”).

inh+

canal digestiu


canal

(architecture) groove, fluting (of a column, etc.)


carp

Borrowed from Ancient Greek καρπός (karpós, “wrist”).


complex

collection (a set of things or parts related to each other)

(psychoanalysis, psychology, chemistry) complex


sang

Inherited from Old Catalan sang~sanch, from Vulgar Latin sanguem, alteration of Classical Latin sanguinem, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁sh₂-én-, oblique stem of *h₁ésh₂r̥ (“blood”). Its gender could also be masculine in Old Catalan, as it was in Latin. Compare Occitan sang, French sang.


vermut

Vam entrar al Monumental a fer el vermut i menjar popets.

1962, Mercè Rodereda, La plaça del diamant:

We went into the Monumental to have aperitifs and eat octopus.

Gent desenfeinada, lletraferida, que no saben fer res més que el vermut i discurssos, que no tenen aturall a la llengua, i com han de tenir aturall a la llengua, si han fet el vermut?

Idle, well-read people, who didn't know how to do anything but snack while drinking vermouth and make speeches, who didn't hold their tongues, and how can they hold their tongues if they've been drinking vermouth?

Appetizers and drinks which one has before a meal


torn

From Latin tornus. First attested in the 14th century.

turn, go (as in take turns or as a move in a game)


bull

Inherited from Latin botulus (“sausage”).


criminal

ca-noun

criminal m or f by sense (plural criminals)

criminal (a person who is guilty of a crime)


do

(music) do (first note of diatonic scale)


hit

Us passareu els capítols amb el Shazam obert buscant els hits que sonen.

2020 February 6, Time Out Barcelona, volume 583, page 8, column Sèries:

You'll spend the episodes with Shazam open, searching for the hits that play.


vel

Inherited from Old Catalan vel, from Latin vēlum. Compare Occitan vel, French voile, Spanish velo.


bol

Borrowed from French bol, from English bowl.


testicle

Borrowed from Latin testiculus, diminutive of testis.


sot

From a pre-Roman substrate of Iberia root *(t)sott-.


control

Borrowed from French contrôle. First attested in 1917.


era

Inherited from Latin ārea (“open space; threshing floor”). Compare the borrowed doublet àrea.

inh+

small section of arable land destined for cultivation


collar

Inherited from Late Latin collāre (“an unattached item worn about the neck”), from Latin collāris.

inh+

a collar (a chain or belt placed around the neck of an animal)

a collar (a solid circle of metal placed around the neck of a slave or prisoner)

a collar (any ornament placed at the neck)

(historical) a collar (a gold chain worn about the neck as a badge of belonging to certain chivalric orders)

a collar (a ring or loop used to support and protect a rotating shaft)

a collar (a ring or loop used to join together two parts of a shaft or pole)

(entomology) a collar (lobed membranous expansion of the prothorax of some insects)

(zoology) a collar (a band of feathers, fur, or scales about the neck of an animal that is of a contrasting color to what is near it)


rumor

ca-noun

rumor m or (archaic, regional or poetic) f (plural rumors)

Borrowed from Latin rūmōrem (a borrowing per DCVB). Doublet of remor. First attested in the 14th century.


xaman

Borrowed from German Schamane, from Russian шама́н (šamán), from Evenki шама̄н (şamān).


tit

a sharp short sound, such as a whistle, especially when used to call poultry


nit

Inherited from Old Catalan nuyt, from Latin noctem (compare Occitan nuèit, French nuit, Spanish noche), from Proto-Indo-European *nókʷts (compare English night).

durant la nit


dull

Inherited from Old Catalan duyll, from Late Latin ducīculus, diminutive from Latin ducem (“guide”).


base

Borrowed from Latin basis, from Ancient Greek βάσις (básis).


doctor

doctor m (plural doctors, feminine doctora)


ram

(figurative) branch (area in business or of knowledge, research)


sal

Inherited from Old Catalan sal, from Latin sāl.


set

Inherited from Latin septem (“seven”), from Proto-Indo-European *septḿ̥. Cognates include Occitan sèt.


set

Inherited from Latin sitis, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰgʷʰítis.


prefix

Borrowed from Late Latin praefīxum, from Latin praefīxus.


san

San; the Archaic Greek letter Ϻ (lowercase ϻ)


metal

Borrowed from English metal. Doublet of metall.


transsexual

transsexual m or f by sense (plural transsexuals)


harem

Borrowed from French harem, from Arabic حَرَم (ḥaram, “something prohibited; sanctuary, women”). Doublet of haram.


hospital

Borrowed from Late Latin hospitālis, hospitāle (“hospice, shelter, guesthouse”), noun use of Latin hospitālis (“hospitable”). Doublet of the inherited hostal.


gram

Inherited from Latin grāmen. Previously applied to grasses in general but now restricted to a few specific species.


manga

From Japanese 漫画(まんが) (manga), after an 1814 book by Katsushika Hokusai.


pet

Inherited from Latin pēditum. Compare Occitan pet, French pet, Spanish pedo.


franc

From Late Latin Francus, perhaps via Old French franc.


franc

ca-noun

franc m (plural francs, feminine franca)


full

Inherited from Latin folium (“leaf”). Compare French feuille, Spanish hoja, Italian foglio, Italian foglia (the latter from Latin folia, plural of folium). Doublet of the borrowing foli.


català

català m (plural catalans, feminine catalana)

Catalan (a person from Catalonia or an ethnic Catalan)


català

No parlo català.

Catalan (the language spoken by the Catalans)


adult

adult m (plural adults, feminine adulta)


salt

Inherited from Old Catalan salt, from Latin saltus.


espanyol

espanyol m (plural espanyols, feminine espanyola)

From Old Occitan espaignol, from Vulgar Latin *Hispāniolus, from Latin Hispānus, from Hispānia.


homosexual

homosexual m or f by sense (plural homosexuals)


crema

pale yellow, the color of crema catalana


crema

burn, burning (act or result of burning, e.g. a controlled burn)


mare

French language
Latin language
Occitan language
Old Catalan language
Proto-Indo-European language
Proto-Italic language
Spanish language

From Old Catalan mare, from Latin māter, mātrem, from Proto-Italic *mātēr, from Proto-Indo-European *méh₂tēr. Compare Occitan maire, French mère, Spanish madre.

mare subrogada

(by analogy) main course of a river or canal; channel


home

Inherited from Old Catalan home~hom, from Latin hominem (“human”, noun).


hun

Learned borrowing from Late Latin Hunni.


diccionari

Borrowed from Medieval Latin dictiōnārium (“dictionary”), derived from Latin dictiō (“saying, speaking”) + -ārium.


context

ca-noun

context m (plural contexts or contextos)


paper

From Old Catalan paper, borrowed from Latin papȳrus and suffixed with -er.


quatre

Inherited from Latin quattuor (“four”), from Proto-Indo-European *kʷetwóres. Compare Occitan quatre, French quatre, and Spanish cuatro.

(castells) a castell with four castellers per level


quinze

Inherited from Latin quīndecim, from quīnque (“five”) + decem (“ten”). Compare French and Occitan quinze, Spanish quince, Italian quindici.


huit

(Valencia) Alternative form of vuit (“eight”)


jaguar

Borrowed from Portuguese jaguar, from Old Tupi îagûara.


host

Inherited from Old Catalan ost, from Latin hostis, from Proto-Italic *hostis, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰóstis (“guest, stranger”).


onze

Inherited from Latin ūndecim (“eleven”), equivalent to unus (“one”) and decem (“ten”). Compare Occitan onze.


obi

Inherited from Old Catalan olbi, from Latin alveus.

trough (container for feeding or watering animals)

u-shaped valley, trough valley, glacial trough


cop

Inherited from Old Catalan colp, from Late Latin colpus (“stroke”), from earlier Latin colaphus.


cop

Per GDLC, possibly from Ancient Greek κόλπος (kólpos, “bosom, lap; fabric fold; pocket”), with influence from copa (“cup”). First attested in 1324. In some senses (e.g. "snowflake"), influenced by Spanish copo (“flake”).

der

(historical) former dry measure (compare English cup)

upper part of a tree trunk (where the branches grow from)

(fishing) catch bag (bag for holding caught fish, attached to a net)


tres

Inherited from Latin trēs, from Proto-Italic *trēs, from Proto-Indo-European *tréyes. Cognates include Occitan and Spanish tres, Italian tre, French trois.

(castells) a castell with three castellers on each level of the tronc


música

Borrowed from Latin mūsica, from Ancient Greek μουσική (mousikḗ, “of a Muse”).


flor

una flor no fa estiu

an isolated object or fact cannot be taken as a norm or general rule (a proverb, literally one single flower does not bring summer)


theta

Borrowed from Ancient Greek θῆτα (thêta).


fast

Borrowed from Latin fāstus (“pride, arrogance”).


gamma

Borrowed from Ancient Greek γάμμα (gámma).

gamut; the range of possible values, especially:

(music) the set of tones available from a musical instrument

the set of possible color values available from a photographic or electronic device


digamma

Digamma; the obsolete Greek letter Ϝ (lowercase ϝ)


boc

Pre-Roman, possibly from Old High German boc, from Proto-Germanic *bukkaz, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *bʰuǵ-.


iota

From Ancient Greek ἰῶτα (iôta). Doublet of jota.


bici

(colloquial) Clipping of bicicleta; bike


zeta

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ζῆτα (zêta).

The name of the Latin-script letter Z/z.


cor

Inherited from Old Catalan cor, from Vulgar Latin *corem m, from Latin cor n.

dir-ho de tot cor

to say it with all the heart; to be sincere


cor

Probably borrowed from Latin chorus (14th century), from Ancient Greek χορός (khorós).


munt

un munt de…

N'hi ha un munt

(archaic or toponyms) Synonym of muntanya


call

Inherited from Latin callis (“alley, narrow street, passageway”). Compare Spanish calle (“street”).


call

Borrowed from Hebrew קָהָל (qahál, “assembly, synagogue”).


mot

From Late Latin muttum (“sound”), from muttire (“mutter, make a mu-noise”), of onomatopoeic origin. Compare French mot.


casa

a casa d'un penjat no hi anomenis cordes


lambda

lambda; the Greek letter Λ (lowercase λ)


pesca

La pesca de Catalunya es caracteritza per ser una pesca costanera: les barques surten cada dia a pescar i tornen el mateix dia a port a vendre les seves captures.

2019 August 14, “La Generalitat promou el consum de peix de proximitat”, in La Vanguardia:

Catalonia's fishing is characterized by being coastal fishing: boats go out every day to fish and come back to port the same day to sell their catch.


tort

Inherited from Old Catalan tort, from Latin tortus (“twisted”).


metre

(poetry, music) metre/meter (the rhythm of a song or poem)


idea

Borrowed from Latin idea, from Ancient Greek.

La idea de justícia.

An idea, a mental representation of a real or imaginary thing

No en tenia la més petita idea.

I/She/He didn't have the slightest idea.

An elementary or general notion of something

M’agrada, la idea'!

A concept to be realized, plan of action, purpose, intention

La idea cristiana.

The fundamental, substantial part of a doctrine, a reasoning, etc


cesta

Borrowed from Basque zesta. Doublet of cista.

cesta, xistera (basket used in jai alai)


test

Inherited from Latin testum (“earthenware pot”), from testa (“piece of burnt clay”). Cognate with Spanish tiesto.


beta

Borrowed from Ancient Greek βῆτα (bêta).


beta

boat; specifically a small, flat-bottom boat common to the coasts of Provence and Languedoc


zinc

Borrowed from French zinc, from German Zink.


delta

Borrowed from Ancient Greek δέλτα (délta).


fe

Inherited from Latin fidem, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeydʰ-. First attested in the 12th century. Compare Occitan fe.


natural

ca-noun

natural m or f by sense (plural naturals)

Borrowed from Latin naturālis. First attested in the 14th century.

native, natural (person who is native to a place)


natural

nature (innate characteristics of a person)


almanac

Borrowed from Andalusian Arabic الْمَنَاخ (al-manāḵ, “almanac, calendar”), from Arabic الْمُنَاخ (al-munāḵ, “climate”).


ge

The name of the Latin-script letter G/g.


croissant

Unadapted borrowing from French croissant


cigar

Originally a learned modification of cigarro in order to avoid the Spanish-appearing termination -arro.


sulfur

Borrowed from Latin sulfur; doublet of the inherited sofre.


acusació

accusation (the assertion of who is at fault for an undesirable action)

(criminal law) accusation (the assertion of who is culpable for a criminal act)


pis

(castells) each of the levels of a castell


ce

The name of the Latin-script letter C/c.


au

Inherited from Latin avis, avem, from Proto-Italic *awis (“bird”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éwis (“bird”).


ordre alfabètic

ca-noun

ordre alfabètic m (plural ordres alfabètics)


protestant

protestant m or f by sense (plural protestants)


noi

Unknown. Proposals include:
# Vulgar Latin *novius (“newly wed”)
# Vulgar Latin *novinus, a diminutive of novus (“new”)
# from a diminutive of nin (a variant form of nen), i.e. nin > ninoi > noi


terminal

Borrowed from Late Latin terminālis, from Latin terminus.


ràdio

Abbreviation based on various words beginning with radio-. Compare English radio, Spanish radio.


ca

Inherited from Latin canis, canem (“dog”).


bus

Cognate to Spanish buso (“underwater snail”) and Portuguese búzio (“underwater snail”), from Latin būcina (“horn”).


bus

Probably from Old Norse buza (“big wide ship”).

(archaic) a large sailing ship used in the 12th and 13th centuries, broad of beam and with two or three masts


bus

Probably from Persian بوس (bus, “kiss”).


toro

Inherited from Old Catalan toro, from Latin taurus. Directly inherited from Latin, despite the final vowel. Cognate with Occitan taur. Old Catalan also had a form taur, which was borrowed from Latin.


pe

The name of the Latin-script letter P/p.


error

ca-noun

error m or (archaic, regional or poetic) f (plural errors)


mania

Borrowed from Latin mania or Ancient Greek μανία (manía, “madness”).


detriment

Learned borrowing from Latin dētrīmentum.


manifest

ca-noun

manifest m (plural manifests or manifestos)


testa

Inherited from Latin testa (“burned clay; baked earthenware”).

inh+

(botany) testa (the outer layer of a seed coat)


cohort

Borrowed from Latin cohors. Doublet of cort.

cohort (group of people supporting the same thing)


pot

Inherited from Vulgar Latin pottum, pottus (“pot, jar”), from Frankish *pott, from Proto-Germanic *puttaz (“pot”), from Proto-Indo-European *budnós (“a type of vessel”).
Cognate with French pot, English pot, Saterland Frisian Pot, Dutch pot, German Low German Pott, German Pott, Swedish potta (“chamber pot”), Icelandic pottur (“tub, pot”), Old Armenian պոյտն (poytn, “pot, earthen pot”).


zoo

O sigui, els sorolls del zoo de demòcrates i republicans.

2016 November 9, “'Midnight Cowboy'”, in El Periódico:


rectangle

Borrowed from Medieval Latin or Late Latin rectangulum.


pisa

From Pisa, Italy, a historical center of ceramics manufacture.


sigma

Sigma; the Greek letter Σ (lowercase σ or ς)


feta

Nominalization of the feminine singular past participle of fer.


feta

Borrowed from Greek φέτα (féta), from Italian fetta (“slice”).


clap

un clap de cel


pop

Inherited from Latin polypus, from Ancient Greek πολύπους (polúpous).


cola

Inherited from Vulgar Latin colla, from Ancient Greek κόλλα (kólla, “glue”). Compare French colle, Portuguese and Spanish cola, Italian colla.


cola

Borrowed from English cola, in turn from an undetermined Niger-Congo language, compare Temne kola, Mandinka kola.


becquerel

becquerel (derived unit of radioactive activity)


ampere

Borrowed from French ampère, from French physicist André-Marie Ampère.


la

(music) la (sixth note of a diatonic scale)


vent

Inherited from Old Catalan vent, from Latin ventus, from Proto-Italic *wentos, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂wéh₁n̥ts < *h₂weh₁- (“to blow”).

(castells) a casteller in the pinya standing between the laterals, and holding the right leg of one segon and the left leg of another (primer vent), or a casteller placed behind one of the primers vents


candela

Borrowed from Latin candela, with Ecclesiastical Latin influence. Doublet of the older inherited form canela.


serpent

Inherited from Latin serpentem, from serpō (“crawl, creep”).


tesla

Named after Serbian-American inventor Nikola Tesla.


músic

ca-noun

músic m (plural músics, feminine música)


pa

Inherited from Old Catalan pa (attested at least once as pan), from Latin pānis, possibly derived from Proto-Indo-European *peh₂- (“to graze, feed”).


flux

Borrowed from Latin flūxus. Doublet of fluix.


nogat

Borrowed from Occitan nogat, from noga (“nut”).


element

(plural) fundamental principles or simpler notions of a knowledge system

(plural) set of natural forces (the weather, the sea, etc)

(chemistry) element, a simple substance that cannot be broken down into others by chemical methods

(idiomatic) trobar-se algú en el seu element

to be somebody in the situation that best suits their tastes or abilities (an idiom, literally to be in one's element)

(biology) the environment in which a being lives

(math) element, an object that belongs to a set


panacea

From Learned borrowing from Latin panacēa, from Ancient Greek πανάκεια (panákeia), from πανακής (panakḗs, “all-healing”), from πᾶν (pân, “all”) + ἄκος (ákos, “cure”).


volt

From the past participle of Old Catalan voldre, from Latin volvere. Corresponds to Vulgar Latin *voltus, from *volŭtus, from Latin volūtus.

fer un volt


tap

(castells) a casteller inserted into an empty space in a pinya to make it more compact


arc

Inherited from Latin arcus, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂erkʷo-.

(music) bow (used to play string instruments)


miner

ca-noun

miner m (plural miners, feminine minera)


ADN

àcid desoxiribonucleic
àcid desoxiribonucleic#Catalan

Initialism of àcid desoxiribonucleic (“DNA”).


barber

barber m (plural barbers, feminine barbera)


cobra

Borrowed from Portuguese cobra, from Latin colubra. Doublet of colobra.


cent

before the words "anys", "homes", "hores"

Inherited from Latin centum, from Proto-Italic *kentom, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱm̥tóm.

doents

dos-cents m (“two hundred”), dues-centes f (“two hundred”)


cent

Borrowed from English cent. These senses of the word cent in Catalan derive from the inversion of meaning that took place in English where it was used to indicate one hundredth.

cèntim

a subunit of currency equal to one-hundredth of the base unit

(music) cent (a hundredth of a half step)

(money) cent (a subunit of currency equal to one-hundredth of the euro)


participant

participant m or f by sense (plural participants)


cos

Inherited from Old Catalan cors, from Latin corpus. Doublet of the borrowing corpus.

body (physical structure of a human or animal)


tsar

Borrowed from Russian царь (carʹ), from Old East Slavic цьсарь (cĭsarĭ), from Proto-Slavic *cěsařь, from a Germanic language, from Proto-Germanic *kaisaraz, from Latin Caesar. Doublet of Cèsar.


festival

Borrowed from Old French festival, from Latin fēstīvālis.


drama

Borrowed from Ancient Greek δρᾶμα (drâma, “an act, a theatrical act, a play”), from δράω (dráō, “to act, to take action, to achieve”).


drama

Borrowed from Ancient Greek δραχμή (drakhmḗ, “a drachma”).


pare

Inherited from Latin patrem, from Proto-Italic *patēr, from Proto-Indo-European *ph₂tḗr.


dari

Dari; Eastern Persian (an Indo-Aryan language of Afghanistan)


sort

Inherited from Old Catalan sort, from Latin sors, sortem, from Proto-Italic *sortis, from Proto-Indo-European *ser- (“bind”).

sort amb tot


si

From Latin Sancte Iohannes (“Saint John”) in the hymn for St. John the Baptist.

(music) si (seventh note of a diatonic scale)


si

From Old Catalan si~sin, from Latin sĭnus.


est

Borrowed from French est, from Old English ēast.

a l'est del país


harmonia

Borrowed from Latin harmonia, from Ancient Greek ἁρμονία (harmonía).


cant

Inherited from Latin cantus. Compare Occitan cant.


bes

Inherited from Latin basium, from Proto-Indo-European *bu. Compare Occitan bais, Spanish beso, Italian bacio.


bes

Inherited from Latin versus. Doublet of vers.

(nautical) strip of cloth used as part of a sail or a flag


cot

(historical) long robe or overcoat with sleeves, worn by men and women


cot

Borrowed from Latin quotus (“how much”).

(historical, Catalan law) monetary penalty imposed by some Andorran councils


corpus

Borrowed from Latin corpus. Doublet of cos.


poeta

Borrowed from Latin poēta, from Ancient Greek ποιητής (poiētḗs).


nebulosa

(botany) annual baby's-breath (Gypsophila elegans)

(botany) European feather grass (Stipa pennata)


bar

bar (establishment where alcohol is served)


bar

Borrowed from Ancient Greek βάρος (báros, “weight”).


bar

Variant of archaic bare, from Old Catalan baare, derived from the nominative case of baador, a variant of bausador (whence Catalan bausador), borrowed from Old Occitan; of uncertain origin but probably related to German böse (“evil”).


saber

Inherited from Old Catalan saber, from Vulgar Latin *sapēre, from Latin sapĕre (“taste, know”).


net

Derived in masculine from the feminine neta, from Late Latin nepta, from Latin neptis (“granddaughter”). Compare Portuguese neto and Spanish nieto.

Coordinate term: nebot


primavera

Inherited from Late Latin prīma vēra, derived from Latin prīmus (“first”) + vēr (“spring”).


argue

Inherited from Latin *arganum (“capstan”), variation of organum (“instrument, tool”).


vespa

Inherited from Old Catalan vespa, from Latin vespa.


serva

Inherited from Latin sorbus, with unexplained mutation of the vowel.


neu

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *nĕvem, alteration of Latin nivem.


focus

Borrowed from Latin focus. Compare the inherited doublet foc.


serra

Inherited from Old Catalan serra, from Latin serra.


front

Inherited from Latin frontem, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰron-t-, from *bʰren- (“project”). Compare Occitan front, French front, Spanish frente.


caiman

Borrowed from Spanish caimán, from Kari'na acayuman.


tram

Un tram de carretera.

section, segment, stretch (of road, etc.)


pou

Inherited from Old Catalan pou, from pre-literary */ˈpot͡s/, from Latin puteus. First attested in 1272.

well (a hole sunk into the ground as a source of water, oil, natural gas or other fluids)

La sèrie provoca una angoixa creixent en l’espectador per la tendència dels personatges a amagar les seves ferides en comptes de guarir-les, i això es converteix en un pou de malentesos i conflictes que es van acumulant.

2020 August 11, Mònica Planas Callol, “Secrets i prejudicis a l’americana [American-style secrets and prejudices]”, in Ara:

The show causes a growing anxiety in the viewer because of the characters' tendency to hide their wounds instead of healing them, and that becomes a well of misunderstandings and conflicts that build up over time.


ela

The name of the Latin-script letter L/l.


cob

Borrowed from French kob, from a West African language, probably Wolof kooba.

kob (Kobus kob, a species of African antelope related to the waterbuck)


nord

Borrowed from French nord, from Old English norþ, from Proto-Germanic *nurþrą.


blau

Inherited from Late Latin blāvus, from Proto-Germanic *blēwaz.


cabra

Inherited from Latin capra, from caper, from Proto-Indo-European *kápros. Compare Occitan cabra, French chèvre.

European spider crab
European spider crab


moment

[…] el català, malgrat tot, viu un moment de glòria efímera durant els darrers anys del segle XVIII i primers del XIX.

Catalan, in spite of everything, had a moment of ephemeral glory in the last years of the 18th century and the first ones of the 19th.


arma

Inherited from Late Latin arma (“weapon”), from Latin arma (“defensive arms”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂(e)rmos (“fitting”), from the root *h₂er- (“to join”).


ros

Inherited from Latin rōs, used as a neuter. Compare the form rou.


ros

named-after

Antonio Ros de Olano, 1st Marquess of Guad-el-Jelú

a particular type of military cap, introduced by General Ros de Olano in the Spanish Army in the XIX century.


bulb

(botany) bulb (bulb-shaped root of a plant)


zona

Borrowed from Latin zōna, from Ancient Greek ζώνη (zṓnē).


papa

Probably borrowed from Ecclesiastical Latin papas, from Ancient Greek πάπας (pápas, “bishop, patriarch”), variant of πάππας (páppas, “father”).


sabre

Borrowed from French sabre, from German Säbel.

the silver scabbardfish (Lepidopus caudatus)


leus

plural of leu (“leu (unit of currency)”)


local

Borrowed from Late Latin locālis, from Latin locus. First attested in 1803.

property, premises; business, storefront


mode

Borrowed from Latin modus. Doublet of moda, a borrowing through French.


viver

nursery (place where young shrubs, trees, vines, etc., are cultivated)


trio

(music) trio (a piece of music written for three musicians)

(music) trio (a group of three musicians)

threesome (an instance of sexual activity involving three people)


corda

Inherited from Latin chorda, from Ancient Greek χορδή (khordḗ, “rope, cord”).

tant s'estira la corda, que a la fi es trenca


gel

Inherited from Old Catalan gel, from Latin gelū, from Proto-Indo-European *gel- (“cold”).


nuca

Borrowed from Medieval Latin nucha, from Arabic نُخَاع (nuḵāʕ).


final

finale (chronological conclusion of a series of narrative works)


final

(sports, competitions) final, final round


confident

ca-noun

confident m or f by sense (plural confidents)

From Latin cōnfīdēns. In the sense of "courting bench", a semantic loan from French.


diagonal

Borrowed from Latin diagōnālis, from Ancient Greek διαγώνιος (diagṓnios, “from angle to angle”).


odi

Borrowed from Latin odium. Doublet of oi.


biblioteca

Borrowed from Latin bibliothēca, from Ancient Greek βιβλιοθήκη (bibliothḗkē, “library”).


mongol

ca-noun

mongol m (plural mongols, feminine mongola)

Borrowed from Mongolian монгол (mongol), from Middle Mongol ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ (mongɣul). Doublet of mogol.


desert

First attested in the 14th century. Likely a Semi-learned borrowing from Latin dēsertum.


pera

Inherited from Old Catalan pera, from Vulgar Latin *pira, from the plural of Latin pirum, reanalyzed as a feminine singular.


sons

(Tarragon, Mallorca, Menorca) plural of so (“sleep”)


mos

Inherited from Latin morsus (“a bite”), from mordeō (“bite”).


intent

(castells) a castell that collapses before its construction is completed (as opposed to a castell carregat, which collapses after it is completed, or an intent desmuntat, which is not completed but is successfully dismantled without collapsing)


pidgin

Borrowed from English pidgin, from Chinese Pidgin English pidgin, from English business.


oca

Inherited from Old Catalan oca, from Late Latin auca, syncopated from *avica, from classical Latin avis (“bird”). Compare Occitan auca, French oie, Spanish oca.


agent

Borrowed from Latin agentem. First attested in the 14th century.


presto

(music) presto (piece played very rapidly)


heterosexual

ca-noun

heterosexual m or f by sense (plural heterosexuals)


agenda

Borrowed from Latin agenda, substantive use of the neuter plural of agendus (“which ought to be done”), future passive participle (gerundive) of agō (“to do, act, make”).

agenda; calendar (a list of planned events, organized by time)

calendari

a list of planned events for a given year

planner (a notebook in which one keeps notations of appointments and contacts)

agenda (a list of planned items for discussion at a meeting)

(economics) a list of planned projects that are to be done as funds become available


nou

Inherited from Latin novem (“nine”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁néwn̥. Compare Occitan nòu.


nou

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *nŏcem, alteration of Latin nucem, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *knew-. Compare Occitan nòtz, Spanish nuez, Portuguese noz.


cup

Inherited from Late Latin cūpus, a variant of cūpa (“tub, cask, tun, vat”).


lira

Borrowed from Latin lyra, from Ancient Greek λύρα (lúra). First attested in the 15th century.

lyre (an ancient stringed musical instrument)


cinta

From Late Latin cincta, plural of cinctum, variant of cinctus.

ribbon (a long, narrow strip of material used for decoration)

strip, band (a long, thin piece of any material)

belt (a device that holds and feeds cartridges into a belt-fed weapon)

ribbon (an inked strip of material against which type is pressed to print letters in a typewriter or printer)

(fishing) a kind of net that is set vertically in the sea

(fishing) a kind of boat using such a vertical net


amateur

amateur m or f by sense (plural amateurs)


variable

(mathematics) variable (a quantity that may assume any one of a set of values)


vela

Inherited from Old Catalan vela, from Vulgar Latin *vēla, from the plural of Latin vēlum, reinterpreted as a feminine singular.


gland

Borrowed from Latin glāns. Doublet of gla.


bord

Inherited from Late Latin burdus ("bastard").


bord

Borrowed from Spanish bordo, from Frankish *bord. Doublet of borda.


baca

Borrowed from French bâche (“tarpaulin”).


massa

From Latin massa, from Ancient Greek μᾶζα (mâza, “bread”).

massa crítica


caviar

Borrowed from French caviar, from Italian caviaro or Ottoman Turkish خاویار (havyar), from Persian خاویار (xâvyâr).


muscle

Inherited from Latin musculus, doublet of múscul (“muscle”) and musclo (“mussel”).

doublet

Quan ens cansem ella recolza el cap al meu muscle.

2000, Francesc Serés, Els ventres de la terra, Columna, page 41:

When we get tired, she rests her head on my shoulder.


minúscula

(orthography) minuscule (lower-case letter)


miracle

Borrowed from Latin mīrāculum. Doublet of mirall, which was inherited.


caro

Contraction of Old Catalan càreu, from Latin carabus.


hotel

Borrowed from French hôtel, from Latin hospitāle. Doublet of hospital and hostal.


expert

ca-noun

expert m (plural experts, feminine experta)


bisexual

bisexual m or f by sense (plural bisexuals)


carta

Inherited from Latin charta, from Ancient Greek χάρτης (khártēs, “papyrus, paper”).

der

letter, card (which one writes to someone)


centre

Borrowed from Latin centrum, from Ancient Greek κέντρον (kéntron), from κεντεῖν (kenteîn, “to prick, goad”).

center (point in the interior of a circle)

center (place where some function or activity occurs)

center (topic that is particularly important)


tema

Borrowed from Latin thema, from Ancient Greek θέμα (théma).


nano

Un grup de manifestants, liderat per nanos emboçats i amb el cap cobert per caputxes de dessuadora fosca i, a 50 metres, una filera de Mossos quiets, parapetats en escuts.

2019 October 16, Manuel Jabois, “Barcelona no crema bé, viatge al final de la nit”, in El País:


orb

Inherited from Old Catalan orb (also spelled horp), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃órbʰos (“orphan”). Compare Occitan òrb, Italian orbo, Romanian orb.

a fungal disease of wheat and other cereals


nap

Inherited from Old Catalan nap, from Latin nāpus.

Brassica rapa
Brassica rapa#Translingual


dos

Inherited from Latin duōs, accusative form of duo (“two”), from Proto-Italic *duō, from Proto-Indo-European *dwóh₁. Compare Occitan dos, French deux, Spanish dos.

(castells) One of a pair of castellers in the pom de dalt, who form the third-highest level of the castell


dos

plural of do (“do (note of the musical scale)”)


dos

Inherited from Old Catalan dos, from Vulgar Latin dossum, from Latin dorsum (“back”). Compare dors, a borrowed doublet.


quart

Inherited from Latin quārtus (“fourth”).

a political subdivision of the parishes La Massana, Ordino, and Sant Julià de Lòria in Andorra

(obsolete) barrel; unit of liquid measure equal to one-quarter of a pipe

(castells) a casteller on the fourth level of a castell


coma

Borrowed from Ancient Greek κῶμα (kôma, “deep sleep”).


coma

Borrowed from Latin comma, from Ancient Greek κόμμα (kómma).


coma

From Gaulish *kumba, from Proto-Celtic *kumbā (“valley”). Compare Occitan comba, French combe.

an alpine meadow situated between two peaks


casi

(pathology) The proteinaceous dead cell mass resulting from caseous necrosis.


profeta

ca-noun

profeta m or f by sense (plural profetes)


principi

Als principis del segle XVII, va arribar la dinastia del Borbó.

At the beginning of the 17th century the Bourbon dynasty arrived.


ona

Inherited from Latin unda, from Proto-Indo-European *unt-.


bastard

bastard m (plural bastards, feminine bastarda)


complement

Borrowed from Latin complēmentum. Cf. also compliment.


fresa

Uncertain:
* Borrowed from French fraise.
* Borrowed from Late Latin frēsa, nominalized feminine of frēsum, perfect passive participle of Latin frendere (“to grind”).“fresa”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
First attested in 1868.


fred

Inherited from Latin frīgidus (“cold, cool, chilling”) (through a contracted Vulgar Latin or Late Latin form fridus, attested in a Pompeian inscription, or frigdus, fricdus, in the Appendix Probi; compare Occitan fred/freid/freg, French froid, Italian freddo, Spanish frío), from frīgeō, frīgēre (“be cold”).

inh+

tinc fred


eufemisme

Borrowed from Ancient Greek εὐφημισμός (euphēmismós).


caos

Borrowed from Latin chaos, from Ancient Greek χάος (kháos).


pianissimo

Borrowed from Italian pianissimo (“very softly”).


radical

ca-noun

radical m or f by sense (plural radicals)


mart

Of Germanic origin, possibly through Old French martre, from Proto-West Germanic *marþ (“marten”).

Martes martes
Martes martes#Translingual

A marten, especially the European pine marten (Martes martes).


emperador

emperador m (plural emperadors, feminine emperadriu)

emperadors (plural)
emperadriu (feminine)

From Latin imperātōrem. Documented since ca. 1280.


sobre

Inherited from Old Catalan sobre, from Latin super (“above”), from *eks-uper, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁eǵʰs (“out of”) (Latin ex) and *uperi (“above”), from *upo. Doublet of the borrowed súper.


mesa

Borrowed from Spanish mesa, from Latin mēnsa.


mesa

From Latin missa, feminine perfect passive participle of mittō. Doublet of missa, a learned borrowing.


cantor

cantor m (plural cantors, feminine cantora)


geometria

Borrowed from Latin geōmetria, from Ancient Greek.


soprano

Borrowed from Italian soprano, from Vulgar Latin *superanus, from Latin super. Doublet of the inherited sobirà.


ut

Borrowed from Latin ut, from the first word of Ut queant laxis.


placenta

Borrowed from New Latin placenta, from Latin placenta (“cake”), from Ancient Greek πλακόεντα (plakóenta), accusative of πλακόεις (plakóeis, “flat”).


quartet

A quartet, a group of four people or things, particularly

A group of four musicians who perform music together.

A group of four singers who sing together in four-part harmony.

A poem in four verses, especially decasyllable ones, that usually rhyme first and fourth, and the other two.


sampi

sampi; the Ancient Greek letter Ϡ (lowercase ϡ)


pasta

Inherited from Late Latin pasta, from Ancient Greek παστά (pastá).


terra

Inherited from Old Catalan terra, from Latin terra.


gent

Inherited from Old Catalan gent, from Latin gentem, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵénh₁tis.

bona gent


cap

Inherited from Vulgar Latin capus (“head, chief”), from Latin caput (“head, etc.”), from Proto-Italic *kaput, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kauput-, *káput. Compare Occitan cap. Compare also French personne (which can mean either "person" or "nobody").

inh+

cap d'estat

cap de setmana


koppa

Koppa; the Ancient Greek letter Ϙ (lowercase ϙ)


por

Inherited from Old Catalan paor, from Latin pavōrem. First attested in the 12th century. Compare Occitan paur, French peur.

tenir por


por

(archaic) Alternative form of porus (“pore”)


caixa

→ Asturian: caxa

→ Leonese: caixa

→ Old Galician-Portuguese: cajxa

Galician: caixa

Portuguese: caixa

→ Old Spanish: caxa

Spanish: caja

→ Sardinian: cascia

→ Sicilian: caxa, cascia

Inherited from Latin capsa. Doublet of capsa. Compare Occitan caissa and Sicilian cascia.

Coses inútils com les caixes o els bancs / Coses terribles com les bales o els tancs

2019, “Sento”, in Energia fosca, performed by El Petit de Cal Eril:

Useless things like boxes or banks / Terrible things like bullets or tanks


govern

From the verb governar, or possibly from Late Latin gubernus or gubernius, from Latin gubernum or gubernō.


diner

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *dīnārius, an alteration of Latin dēnārius. Doublet of dinar and denari.


balena

From Latin bālaena, from Ancient Greek φάλαινα (phálaina).


mel

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *melem m or f, from Latin mel n.


mel

Inherited from Late Latin mēlum, variant of mālum (“apple”).


cul

(figuratively) the bottom, rear (of an object)


porta

Inherited from Old Catalan porta, from Latin porta, from the Proto-Indo-European root *per- (“to pass through”).


enter

Borrowed from Spanish entero (displacing older Catalan forms such as entegre), from Latin integrum. Compare Occitan entièr, French entier, Spanish entero. Doublet of íntegre, a later borrowing from Latin.

a complete lottery ticket (made up of ten dècims)


fetus

Learned borrowing from Latin fētus. First attested in c. 1900. Doublet of feda.


fragment

Learned borrowing from Latin fragmentum (“a fragment, remnant”).


astrologia

Borrowed from Latin astrologia (“astronomy, astrology”), from Ancient Greek ἀστρολογία (astrología, “astronomy, astrology”).


droga

Uncertain. Cognate with French drogue, English drug.


alba

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *alba, from Latin albus (“white”).

(Catholicism, liturgy) the white tunic worn by priests


alba

Alternative form of àlber (“white poplar”)


mona

From earlier mamona, maimona, from Arabic مَيْمُون (maymūn, “baboon, mandrill”).

a matching card game similar to Old Maid; also the loser and the losing card in this game


mona

Inherited from Latin munda, plural of mundum (“world”).

a round cake garnished with eggs (originally hard-boiled, now usually chocolate) eaten at Easter


tora

Borrowed from Late Latin phthora, from Ancient Greek φθορά (phthorá, “destruction”).


data

Borrowed from Late Latin data < Latin datus.


fou

Inherited from Latin fōcem, early monophthongized variant of faucem.


quota

Borrowed from Latin quota pars. Doublet of cota, a semi-learned borrowing.

La quota per ser soci és de 35 euros anuals per família.

The fee to be a member is 35 euros a year per family.


menú

menu (list of foods to be served at a meal)

(computing) menu (list from which the operator can select an operation)


ou

Inherited from Vulgar Latin (*)ŏvum, from Classical Latin ōvum.


peu

Inherited from Old Catalan peu, from Latin pedem.
Cognate with Occitan pè; French pied; Asturian and Spanish pie; and Galician and Portuguese pé.

(idiomatic) No tenir cap ni peus

to be something absurd (an idiom, literally Not having a head nor feet)

(idiomatic) Caure l'ànima als peus (a algú)

(somebody) to suffer an unpleasant surprise or a sudden fear (an idiom, literally To fall one's soul to one's feet)

(idiomatic) Poder-hi pujar de peus

to rely on an outcome, to be absolutely certain of something (an idiom, literally To be allowed to go up something on one's feet)

(idiomatic) Ficar els peus a la galleda

to make a mistake, to suffer a failure (an idiom, literally To put one's feet in the bucket)

(idiomatic) Sortir amb els peus per davant

to die, to be taken to burial (an idiom, literally To get out with one's feet in front)

(historical, measure) pie, Spanish foot, a former unit of length

peu de pàgina

(design, typography) footer, the bottom of a page or design


professor

ca-noun

professor m (plural professors, feminine professora)

professors (plural)
professora (feminine)


idiota

Borrowed from Latin idiōta, from Ancient Greek ἰδιώτης (idiṓtēs, “layman”) from ἴδιος (ídios, “private”).


aire

Té un aire de salut


feu

Inherited from Old Catalan feu, from Vulgar Latin *feus, from Frankish *fehu, from Proto-Germanic *fehu.


roc

From Persian رخ (rox), from Middle Persian lhw' (rox, “rook, castle (chess)”).


mes

Inherited from Old Catalan mes, from Latin mēnsem (“month”), from Proto-Indo-European *mḗh₁n̥s (“moon, month”). Compare Occitan mes, French mois, Spanish mes.


fem

(chiefly in the plural) manure (animal excrement used as fertilizer)

(in the plural, especially Balearic) rubbish


tio

(colloquial) dude; pal, when addressing them


mag

Borrowed from Latin magus, from Ancient Greek μάγος (mágos). First attested in 1803.


vagina

Learned borrowing from Latin vāgīna. Doublet of beina.


japonés

ca-noun

japonés m (plural japonesos, feminine japonesa)

(Valencia) Alternative spelling of japonès


blanc

Inherited from Early Medieval Latin blancus, from Proto-Germanic *blankaz.


sac

sackcloth, smock (rough garment of coarse cloth)


monitor

Borrowed from Latin monitōrem (“warner”).


hora

Inherited from Old Catalan hora, borrowed from Latin hōra (“hour”) (borrowing is indicated by the late attestation and pronunciation with open /ɔ/). First attested in the 14th century.

Quina hora és?

time (the moment as indicated by a clock)

time (the appropriate hour to do something)

Tinc hora al metge.

I've got an appointment with the doctor.


antisemita

ca-noun

antisemita m or f by sense (plural antisemites)


veda

closed season (period during which hunting is prohibited)


fur

From Old Catalan for, from Latin forum. Doublet of fòrum, a learned borrowing.


pal

Inherited from Old Catalan pal, from Latin pālus (“stake, pole”), from Proto-Italic *pākslos, from Proto-Indo-European *peh₂ǵ-slos, from *peh₂ǵ-.

és un pal


par

From Latin pār (“even, equal”). The sports usage is a English par.


present

Borrowed from Latin praesentem. First attested in the 13th century.

present (current moment or period of time)


seder

seder m (plural seders, feminine sedera)


seder

(botany) narrow leaf cotton bush (Gomphocarpus fruticosus), considered an invasive plant in Catalonia


enigma

Borrowed from Latin aenigma (“riddle”), from Ancient Greek αἴνιγμα (aínigma, “dark saying, riddle”).


merda

Inherited from Old Catalan merda, from Latin merda, from Proto-Italic *(s)merdā, from Proto-Indo-European *smerd-h₂- (“stench”). Compare Occitan mèrda, French merde, Spanish mierda.


plat

Substantivization of the archaic adjective plat (“flat”), from Vulgar Latin *plattus, from Ancient Greek πλατύς (platús). Compare French plat.


pes

Inherited from Old Catalan pes, from Latin pēnsum.

weight, the heaviness of something, as caused by the downward force of gravity of its mass.

weight, a piece of metal or other materials known to weigh a definite amount, as the ones used on scales or sports


bilabial

(phonetics) bilabial (a sound articulated with both lips)


fresca

fer fresca


mar

Inherited from Old Catalan mar, from Latin mare (“sea”), from Proto-Italic *mari, from Proto-Indo-European *móri.


costa

Inherited from Latin costa, from Proto-Indo-European *kost-.


costa

Deverbal from costar. First attested in 1598.

(law, usually in the plural) cost, expense (to be paid by the losing side)

a costa de

at the cost/expense of; at (someone's) expense


grip

Borrowed from French grippe, from Frankish *grīpan (“to seize”), from Proto-Germanic *grīpaną.


fang

→ Spanish: fango

From Vulgar Latin *fangus ~ *fanga (“mud”) of Germanic origin, see there for more.


pinta

From the feminine of Vulgar Latin pīnctus, from Latin pictus, perfect passive participle of pingō (“to paint”).


pinta

Borrowed from French pinte, from Vulgar Latin *pincta (“mark used to indicate level on vessels”), feminine form of Vulgar Latin *pinctus.


camp

Inherited from Latin campus (compare Occitan camp, French champ, Spanish campo), from Proto-Indo-European *kh₂emp- (“to bend, curve”).


favor

ca-noun

favor m or (archaic, regional or poetic) f (plural favors)

From Latin favōrem. First attested in the 14th century.


novell

→ Spanish: novel

From Old Occitan novel, from Latin novellus.


dot

Borrowed from Old French hadot. Cognate with English haddock.

Atlantic wreckfish (Polyprion americanus)


porc

Inherited from Old Catalan porc, from Latin porcus, from Proto-Italic *porkos, from Proto-Indo-European *pórḱos (“young swine, young pig”).


despertador

ca-noun

despertador m (plural despertadors, feminine despertadora)

despertadors (plural)
despertadora (feminine)

(masculine only) alarm clock; alarm (device to awaken or rouse)


integral

Borrowed from Medieval Latin integrālis, from Latin integer.


resident

resident m or f by sense (plural residents)


infidel

infidel m or f by sense (plural infidels)

Borrowed from Latin īnfidēlis (“unfaithful”).


part

From Old Catalan part, from Latin partus.


part

From Old Catalan part, from Latin partem, from Proto-Italic *partis.

les parts (genitals, privates parts)


part

Borrowed from Latin Parthus (“Parthia”).


saga

Borrowed from Old Norse saga, maybe through English saga.


ull

Inherited from Vulgar Latin oclus, from Latin oculus, from Proto-Italic *okelos, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₃okʷ-, *h₃ekʷ- (“eye; to see”). Compare Occitan uèlh, French œil, Spanish ojo, Portuguese olho, Italian occhio. Doublet of òcul, a borrowing from Latin.


cereal

Borrowed from Latin Cereālis (“relating to Ceres”), from Cerēs (“goddess of agriculture”).

Tant a Catalunya com a Espanya la importància del cultiu dels cereals ha anat augmentant en els darrers 40 anys.

2008, Miquel Pujol i Palol, Les plantes cultivades. 1. Cereals, →ISBN, page 24:

In Catalonia as well as in Spain, the importance of cereal crops has been increasing in the past 40 years.

cereal (type of grass cultivated for edible grains)

(uncountable) cereal (the grains of such plants)

(in the plural) breakfast cereal (food processed from grains and eaten with milk)


moneda

Inherited from Old Catalan moneda, from Latin monēta. Compare Occitan moneda, French monnaie, Spanish moneda.


vara

Inherited from Latin vāra (“fork”). Cognate with Galician, Portuguese, and Spanish vara.

(historical, measure) vara, a Spanish rod, ell, or yard, a traditional unit of length


mascara

Perhaps from Proto-Celtic *mask- (“black, stained”).


golf

Inherited from Vulgar Latin or Late Latin colfus, colphus, culfus, alteration of colpus, from Ancient Greek κόλπος (kólpos).


cardamom

Borrowed from Latin cardamōmum, from Ancient Greek καρδάμωμον (kardámōmon).


palatal

(phonetics) palatal (a palatal consonant)


abat

Inherited from Latin abbātem (“abbot”), from Ancient Greek ἀββᾶ (abbâ), from Aramaic אבא (’abbā, “father”).

a type of sausage made using the stomach of a pig as the casing, and stuffed with minced meat


fantasma

Borrowed from Latin phantasma, from Ancient Greek φάντασμα (phántasma).


mosca

Inherited from Old Catalan mosca, from Latin musca, from a Proto-Indo-European root *mus-, *mu-, *mew-.


gitano

ca-noun

gitano m (plural gitanos, feminine gitana)


terror

terror m or (archaic, regional or poetic) f (plural terrors)


mancala

Borrowed from Arabic مَنْقَلَة (manqala).

bor+

mancala (family of two-person board games)


cultivar

cultivar (a cultivated variety of a plant species)


cornada

goring (a wound inflicted by a horn, usually the horn of a bull in the context of bullfighting)


autor

ca-noun

autor m (plural autors, feminine autora)


espasa

Inherited from Old Catalan (which also had a variant espaa), from Latin spatha (“sword”) (compare Occitan espasa, Spanish espada, French épée), from Ancient Greek σπάθη (spáthē).

(card games, in the plural) swords; a suit in the Spanish deck of cards


editor

editor m (plural editors, feminine editora)

(graphic arts, publishing, computing) editor


col

Inherited from Latin caulem (“stalk, stem”), from Ancient Greek καυλός (kaulós, “stem of a plant”).


col

From Latin coagulum. Doublet of quall and coàgul, a borrowing.

(Pallars) wild cardoon (used as a coagulating agent in cheesemaking)


porter

From porta + -er or from Old Catalan porter, from Late Latin portārius, from Latin porta. Compare French portier.


divisa

Borrowed from Latin dīvīsa, probably via French devise.


haver

Inherited from Old Catalan haver, from Latin habēre (“have, hold, possess”), probably from a Proto-Italic *habēō or *haβēō, possibly ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gʰh₁bʰ- (“to grab, to take”).


ombra

Inherited from Old Catalan ombra, from Latin umbra, probably from Old Latin *omra, possibly from a Proto-Indo-European *h₂mr-u-, *h₂mrup-.


clima

Borrowed from Late Latin clīma, from Ancient Greek κλῐ́μᾰ (klíma, “region, zone”), from κλῐ́νω (klínō, “to slope, incline”).


res

office (required liturgy to be recited each day)


res

plural of re (“re (second note of the musical scale)”)


bard

bard (a professional poet and singer, like among the ancient Celts)


brisa

pomace (the pulp that remains after a fruit has been pressed)


barb

barbel (freshwater fish of the genus Barbus)


barb

From Latin varus, influenced by barba (“beard”).


pus

Learned borrowing from Latin pūs (early 19th century), meaning the same.


toll

Probably from Proto-Celtic *tullom, *tullos (“hole”). (Compare Irish toll, Welsh twll, both meaning "hole".)


record

(in the plural) regards (greeting to pass on to another person)


parapet

Borrowed from Spanish parapeto, from Italian parapetto.


mix

Probably from Andalusian Arabic مش (mašš).

(usually repeated) a sound used to call a domestic cat


pala

blade (the widest, thinnest part of something)


client

ca-noun

client m (plural clients, feminine clienta)


punta

Inherited from Late Latin puncta, from the feminine of Latin punctus.


nana

Clipping of estrella nana (“dwarf star”)


guru

From Hindi गुरु (guru) / Urdu گرو (guru) / Punjabi ਗੁਰੂ (gurū), from Sanskrit गुरु (guru, “venerable, respectable”).


pastor

Inherited from Old Catalan pastor, from Latin pāstōrem.


gola

Inherited from Old Catalan gola, from Latin gula, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷel- (“throat”).

ficar-se a la gola del llop


luxemburgués

ca-noun

luxemburgués m (plural luxemburguesos, feminine luxemburguesa)

luxemburguesos (plural)
luxemburguesa (feminine)

(Valencia) Alternative spelling of luxemburguès


quid

Learned borrowing from Latin quid. Doublet of que.

Totes les lucubracions, interpretacions, acumulacions, que s'havien fet al seu propòsit en llarga corrua de segles de cristianisme, més que aclarar-li la grandesa i profunditat d'aquelles vides, li les enterbolia. Ell maldava per despullar-ho tot d'aquella inútil fullaraca i trobar-ne el quid simplicíssim. Maria havia vingut a donar exemple d'humilitat; Jesucrist, a predicar justícia.

1980, Enric Valor, Sense la terra promesa, I:

All the meditations, interpretations, accumulations which had been made on this proposition in the long course of centuries of Christianity, rather than clarifying for him the greatness and profundity of these lives, had clouded them. He made an effort to clear away all the rubbish and find in it the very simple gist. Mary had come to give an example of humility; Jesus Christ, to preach justice.


prior

prior m (plural priors, feminine priora)

prior (a high-ranking member of a monastery)


superior

superior m or f by sense (plural superiors)

Borrowed from Latin superiōrem. First attested in 1653.


cena

(Christianity, often capitalized) Ellipsis of Santa Cena; Last Supper


lateral

lateral m or f by sense (plural laterals)

(castells) a casteller in the pinya, who stands beside the baix and holds the legs of one of the segons to prevent them from swaying sideways


oi

Inherited from Latin odium. Doublet of odi.

(Mallorca, chiefly in the plural) aversion, revulsion, nausea


figa

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *fīca, from Latin fīcus. Compare Occitan figa or higa.

(idiomatic) Ser figues d'un altre paner

to be something very different from what was expected (an idiom, literally to be figs from another basket)

(idiomatic) Fer figa

to fail to achieve an expected result (an idiom, literally to make fig)


alfabet

Borrowed from Latin alphabētum, from Ancient Greek ἀλφάβητος (alphábētos).


alfabet

alfabet m (plural alfabets, feminine alfabeta)


cabana

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


cony

Inherited from Latin cunnus, compare Portuguese cona and Spanish coño.


eland

Borrowed from Afrikaans eland or South African Dutch, from Dutch eland (“elk”).


circular

Borrowed from Late Latin circulāris, from Latin circulus.


aorta

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ἀορτή (aortḗ, “the arteries springing from the heart”), from ἀορτέω (aortéō), lengthened form of ἀείρω (aeírō, “to lift, raise”).


flam

Borrowed from French flan, from Old French flaon. Doublet of flaó.


farina

Inherited from Latin farīna. Compare Occitan farina or harina, French farine, Spanish harina.


floc

tuft, lock (a bunch of feathers, hair, or grass held together at the base)


pilar

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *pīlāre, from Latin pīla (“pillar”).

(castells) a castell built with just one casteller on each level

(castells) each of the vertical columns of castellers making up the tronc of a castell (syn. rengla)


blat

Inherited from Early Medieval Latin bladum.


gaiter

ca-noun

gaiter m (plural gaiters, feminine gaitera)


cove

Inherited from Latin cophinus, from Ancient Greek κόφινος (kóphinos, “basket”).


gam

a wasting diseases, particularly distomatosis


clot

Uncertain, perhaps Indo-European but from a pre-Roman substrate of Iberia.

dip (a lower section of a road or geological feature)


amo

owner (of a piece of land or real estate, a business, a dog, etc.)


ocelot

Borrowed from Spanish ocelote, from Classical Nahuatl ōcēlōtl (“jaguar”).


erg

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ἔργον (érgon).


macer

ca-noun

macer m (plural macers, feminine macera)


rimer

Canats de canya, rimers de sacs, mesures i garvells, i res més.

1904, Caterina Albert Paradís, Ombrívoles:

Baskets of woven cane, piles of sacks, measures and sieves, and nothing more.


coca

→ English: coca

Borrowed from Old Dutch coca, from Proto-Germanic *kakǭ, related to English cake.

(cooking) coca (pastry typically made and consumed in the Catalan-speaking areas)


coca

Erythroxylum coca
Wikispecies:Erythroxylum coca


coca

Inherited from Old Catalan coca, from Old French coque, ultimately from Latin caudica (“small ship made of tree trunks”).

der

(nautical, historical) cog (type of sailing ship)


marc

Of Germanic origin, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *marką.

Us aconsellarem per obtenir el resultat més favorable en el marc de la legalitat vigent.

We will advise you so as to obtain the most favourable result in the existing legal framework.

(historical) marco, Spanish mark, a traditional unit of mass equivalent to about 230 g

(historical) mark, any of various other half-pound units of mass

(historical) mark, a former German currency


boa

Borrowed from Latin boa (“large snake”). Doublet of boà.


rebut

receipt (acknowledgement that something has been received)


ibis

Learned borrowing from Latin ībis, from Ancient Greek ἶβις (îbis), from Egyptian h-b-G26 (hby; hîbu).


moll

Inherited from Old Catalan moyl, from Vulgar Latin *medullum, analogically derived from Latin medulla, and probably influenced by Etymology 1. Compare Occitan mesolh, Spanish meollo, Portuguese miolo. Doublet of molla and medul·la, which were, respectively, inherited and borrowed from Latin.


moll

Inherited from Latin mullus (“red mullet”).

inh+

moll de fang

moll de roca

moll reial


moll

→ Portuguese: molhe

→ Spanish: muelle


punter

From punt (“point, dot”) + -er. Calque of Spanish puntero.

graphical user interface
graphical user interface

(graphical user interface) pointer (icon)


humus

Learned borrowing from Latin humus (“earth, soil”).


khan

From Old French chan, from Medieval Latin canus, caanus, of Turkic origin, from Old Turkic xān (“Central Asian khan”), probably ultimately of non-Turkic (Central Asian) origin.


pila

On deu anar tota l'aigua del mar? / Piles d'objectes, tones de sal.

Where should all the seawater go? / Heaps of objects, tonnes of salt.


pila

a stone basin, especially a baptismal font


pol

el pol Sud

pol magnètic


Borrowed from Latin nānus, from Ancient Greek νᾶνος (nânos).

(mythology) dwarf (a member of a race from folklore)

dwarf (a person of short stature, usually as the result of a genetic condition)

(folklore) in Catalan celebrations, someone who wears a large papier-mâché head


sou

Inherited from Old Catalan sou~sol, from Late Latin soldus, contraction of Latin solĭdus. Doublet of sòlid. Compare French sou.

tinc un sou de 1200 euros


mica

Inherited from Old Catalan mica, from Vulgar Latin *mīcca, from Latin mīca (“crumb”) with expression gemination of /k/. Compare Occitan mica and Aragonese mica.


labial

(phonetics) labial (a consonant articulated by the lips)


iris

Learned borrowing from Latin īris, from Ancient Greek ἶρις (îris).


gall

Inherited from Latin gallus. Compare Occitan gal, Old French jal, Spanish gallo.


gala

Borrowed from Old French gale (“pleasure”), from galer (“enjoy onself”).


gala

gall (abnormal swelling growth on a plant)


mort

Inherited from Old Catalan mort, from Latin mortem.


mort

(colloquial) a difficult problem one must face


mort

Inherited from Old Catalan mort, from Latin mortuus.


disc

Borrowed from Latin discus, originally from Ancient Greek δίσκος (dískos, “disk, quoit, platter”).


corona

Inherited from Latin corōna, from Ancient Greek κορώνη (korṓnē, “garland, wreath”). Compare Occitan corona, French couronne.

crown (imperial or regal power, or those who wield it)


jo

Inherited from Old Catalan jo~io~yo, from Vulgar Latin eō (attested from the sixth century), from Latin ego, from Proto-Italic *egō, from Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂; akin to Greek εγώ (egó), Sanskrit अहम् (aham), all from Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂. Compare Occitan jo, Spanish yo, French je, Italian io.


combat

Deverbal from combatre. First attested in 1490.


volta

From the verb voltar (“to turn, spin around”).

(architecture) vault (an arched masonry structure supporting and forming a ceiling)


clamor

Inherited from Latin clāmōrem (“a shout, cry”), from clāmō (“cry out, complain”).


asexual

ca-noun

asexual m or f by sense (plural asexuals)


pica

From Latin pīla (“mortar”), with an unexplained change from /l/ to /k/. Compare Spanish pila (“sink, font”).

de mica en mica s'omple la pica

every little helps, a journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step; little by little the sink fills up; proverb

pica beneitera

Quan neix, la gota encara no sap que d'aquí a dos segons s'esclafarà contra la pica de la cuina.

2006, Sergi Pàmies, “Com dues gotes d'aigua”, in Si menges una llimona sense fer ganyotes [If you eat a lemon without making a face]:

When it's born, the droplet doesn't yet know that in two seconds it will smash against the kitchen sink.


pica

(pathology) pica (disorder characterized by craving and appetite for non-edible substances)


pica

Borrowed from French pika, from an Evenki word.


martinet

heron (a wading bird of the family Ardeidae)


melodrama

Si necessiteu un bon melodrama familiar, d’aquells on s’intenten guardar les aparences però en què totes les generacions de protagonistes acaben caient en una espiral de secrets, mentides, retrets, llàgrimes i desesperació, la vostra sèrie és Little fires everywhere, a Amazon Prime Video.

If you need a good family melodrama, one of those that tries to keep appearances but in which all generations of protagonists end up falling into a spiral of secrets, lies, reproach, tears, and desperation, then your show is Little Fires Everywhere, on Amazon Prime Video.

melodrama (a drama abounding in romantic sentiment and agonizing situations)

melodrama (any situation or action which is blown out of proportion)


marge

Inherited from Old Catalan margen, from Latin marginem (compare Occitan marge, French marge, Portuguese margem), from Proto-Indo-European *merǵ-, marǵ-.

a riverbank, especially when lined with trees; a border planting


pas

Inherited from Old Catalan pas, from Latin passus (“step”). Its use as an auxiliary adverb comes from an accusative use (Latin nec…passum) in negative constructions – literally ‘not…a step’, i.e. ‘not at all’ – originally used with certain verbs of motion. Compare similarly used French pas. Cognate with Galician and Spanish paso and Portuguese passo.

(historical, measure) paso, Spanish pace, a traditional unit of length


pas

pas zebra

ritu de pas

pas de rosca

screw pitch (the distance from a point on a screw thread to a corresponding point on the next thread measured parallel to the axis)

pas polar

pitch (distance between evenly spaced objects)


node

(geometry, astronomy, physics, networking) node


migrant

migrant m or f by sense (plural migrants)


predecessor

predecessor m (plural predecessors, feminine predecessora)

predecessors (plural)
predecessora (feminine)


tapa

From Gothic *tappa, from Proto-Germanic *tappô (“plug, tap”). Doublet of tap.

heelplate (reinforcing piece on the heel of a shoe)


sard

Sardinian (a Romance language indigenous to Sardinia)


sard

By confusion with sard (“Sardinian”), from sarg, from Latin sargus.

Diplodus sargus
Diplodus sargus#Translingual

white seabream (a fish of species Diplodus sargus)


rave

Inherited from Old Catalan rave, from Latin raphănus, borrowed from Ancient Greek ῥάφανος (rháphanos). The medieval plural ravens (with retention of etymological /n/) survives in western Catalan dialects and Valencian.

(figurative) trifle (thing of little importance or worth)


tint

From Latin tinctus, past participle of tingō (“I wet”).


saliva

Borrowed from Latin salīva. First attested in the 14th century.


valor

Borrowed from Late Latin valōrem, a noun based on Latin valēre.

El mes de febrer de 1888, doncs, Eduard Toda ja ha reunit un fons bibliogràfic de valor considerable.

February 1888, therefore, Eduard Toda set up a bibliographic database of considerable value


server

Sorbus domestica
Sorbus domestica#Translingual


clam

From Latin clamor, possibly borrowed through Old French clamor.


japonès

japonès m (plural japonesos, feminine japonesa)


japonès

Japanese (language used by the Japanese people)


temps

Inherited from Old Catalan temps, from Latin tempus. Doublet of tempo, a borrowing from Italian.


benefactor

benefactor m (plural benefactors, feminine benefactora)

benefactors (plural)
benefactora (feminine)


progenitor

progenitor m (plural progenitors, feminine progenitora)

progenitors (plural)
progenitora (feminine)


funda

Learned borrowing from Late Latin funda (“bag”). Doublet of fona.


quim

Learned borrowing from Late Latin chymus, from Ancient Greek χυμός (khumós, “juice”).


però

Inherited from Late Latin per hoc (“for this reason”, literally “through this”).


novembre

Borrowed from Latin novembrem. Cf. Old Catalan noembre.


borsa

Inherited from Late Latin bursa. Doublet of bossa (“bag”).


mec

Unknown. First attested in the 14th century.


vietnamita

ca-noun

vietnamita m or f by sense (plural vietnamites)


honor

honor m or (archaic, regional or poetic) f (plural honors)

Inherited from Old Catalan honor, from Latin honōrem.


melodia

Borrowed from Latin melodia, from Ancient Greek μελῳδίᾱ (melōidíā).


logo

Borrowed from English logo, a shortening of logotype.


gat

Inherited from Old Catalan gat, from Late Latin cattus (“cat”). Compare Occitan gat~cat, French chat, Spanish gato.

small-spotted catshark
small-spotted catshark

A catshark, especially the small-spotted catshark.


pedestal

(architecture) pedestal (the base or foot of a column, statue, vase, lamp, or the like)

(figuratively) pedestal (a place of reverence or honor)


trombe

Learned borrowing from New Latin thrombus, from Ancient Greek θρόμβος (thrómbos).


gamba

Borrowed from Italian gamba. Doublet of cama.

shank (any of various birds in the genus Tringa)


gamba

From Late Latin gambărus, from cammărus, from Ancient Greek κάμμαρος (kámmaros, “lobster”).


equivalent

Borrowed from Latin aequivalentem. First attested in 1696.


reina

Inherited from Old Catalan reïna (with a shift in stress), from Latin rēgīna.


text

Borrowed from Medieval Latin textus (“text”), from Latin textus, perfect passive participle of texō (“weave”). First attested in the 14th century.


adolescent

ca-noun

adolescent m or f by sense (plural adolescents)


director

director m (plural directors, feminine directora)

Borrowed from Late Latin dīrēctōrem, from Latin dīrēctus. First attested in 1696.


androgen

[ənˈdɾɔ.ʒən]


cana

(historical) unit of length of eight pams (“handspans”); ~1.60m


causa

Borrowed from Latin causa. Doublet of the inherited cosa. Cognates include English cause, French cause, Italian causa, Portuguese causa, Spanish causa.


inventor

inventor m (plural inventors, feminine inventora)


variant

Borrowed from Latin variantem. First attested in 1839.


fillet

fillet m (plural fillets, feminine filleta)


fel

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *felem m or f, from Latin fel n.


abril

(figuratively) youth (the state of being young)


inspector

ca-noun

inspector m (plural inspectors, feminine inspectora)

inspectors (plural)
inspectora (feminine)

Borrowed from Latin īnspectōrem. First attested in 1803.


fi

Inherited from Latin fīnis. Compare Occitan fin, French fin, Italian fine.


fi

Borrowed from Latin phi, from Ancient Greek φεῖ (pheî).


abreviatura

[ə.βɾə.βi.əˈtu.ɾə]

Learned borrowing from Latin abbreviātūra.


sala

Of Germanic origin, from Frankish *sali.


aroma

Borrowed from Latin arōma, from Ancient Greek ἄρωμα (árōma).


dalla

Uncertain. Perhaps related to daga (“dagger”) via a proposed Vulgar Latin *dacula.


rector

ca-noun

rector m (plural rectors, feminine rectora)


poll

Inherited from Old Catalan poll, from Latin pullus.


poll

Inherited from Old Catalan pooll~peoll, from Late Latin pēduculus.


dau

From a Vulgar Latin *dadu, of uncertain origin; perhaps of Arabic origin, cf. أَعْدَاد (ʔaʕdād), or alternatively from Latin datum, from datus (“given”), the past participle of dare (“to give”), from Proto-Indo-European *deh₃- (“to lay out, to spread out”). Compare French dé, Italian, Spanish, and Portuguese dado.

der

die (polyhedron with symbols on each side)


crocus

Learned borrowing from Latin crocus, from Ancient Greek κρόκος (krókos, “crocus”).


anemone

Borrowed from Latin anemōnē, from Ancient Greek ἀνεμώνη (anemṓnē).


viola

viola (flowering plant of the genus Viola)


viola

Uncertain, probably from Occitan viula, derivative of viular (“playing a string instrument” or “wind”).


dorsal

(geomorphology) ridge (on the ocean floor)


frontal

From front + -al, or borrowed from Medieval Latin frontālis (“frontal”), from Latin frōns.


Missouri

Borrowed from French Missouri, from Miami wimihsoorita (“the people who have dugout canoes”).


basta

From Frankish *bastijan (“to sew, weave”).


dip

From Andalusian Arabic ديب (ḏíb), from Arabic ذِئْب (ḏiʔb).

(mythology) A black vampiric hellhound associated with the town of Pratdip in the Camp de Tarragona.


circumflex

Learned borrowing from Latin circumflexus.


cul-de-sac

Borrowing from French cul-de-sac, from cul (“bottom”) + de (“of”) + sac (“bag, sack”).


professional

ca-noun

professional m or f by sense (plural professionals)


familiar

familiar m or f by sense (plural familiars)


arena

arena (an enclosed area for the presentation of sporting events)

arena (a realm in which important events unfold)


fort

Inherited from Latin fortem (“strong”), from Old Latin forctis, fortis, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerǵʰ- (“to rise, high, hill”).

der

strength (the strongest part of something)


bomber

ca-noun

bomber m (plural bombers, feminine bombera)


comprador

comprador m (plural compradors, feminine compradora)

compradors (plural)
compradora (feminine)

From comprar + -dor, or from Late Latin compāratōrem.


ora

Inherited from Latin aura (“breeze”). Doublet of aura.


compliment

From complir. Cf. also Spanish cumplimiento, Latin complementum.


mil

From Old Catalan mil, from Latin mīlle, from Proto-Italic *smīɣeslī, from Proto-Indo-European *smih₂ǵʰéslih₂ (“one thousand”).


banc

→ Gallurese: bancu

→ Sardinian: bancu (Logudorese), → bangu (Campidanese)

→ Sassarese: bancu

Of Germanic origin, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *bankiz (“bench”).


illa

Inherited from Old Catalan illa, from Vulgar Latin *isula (compare Occitan illa~iscla, French île, Spanish isla), from Latin īnsula (compare Portuguese ínsua).

El Japó té quatre illes principals.


barca

Inherited from Late Latin barca, probably from Latin baris, from Ancient Greek βᾶρις (bâris), itself probably of Egyptian origin.


puny

Inherited from Old Catalan puny, from Latin pugnus, from Proto-Indo-European *puǵnos, *puḱnos, from *pewǵ- (“prick, punch”).


consort

ca-noun

consort m or f by sense (plural consorts)


ferro

Inherited from Old Catalan ferro~ferre~ferr, from Latin ferrum.

(golf) iron (a golf club used for middle-distance shots)


solo

(music) solo (a piece of music for one performer)

(card games) solo (a trick-taking card game played with 36 cards, similar to frog)


total

Borrowed from Medieval Latin tōtālis. First attested in the 16th century.


barra

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *barra, possibly from Gaulish *barros (“the bushy end”), cognate with French barre and English bar.

barra fixa

barra d'eines

barra de pa

tenir barra


quadro

Tenia un quadro penjat amb un cordill groc i vermell [...]

1962, Mercè Rodoreda, chapter IV, in La plaça del Diamant, Barcelona: Club Editor Kapel, published 1984, →ISBN, page 25:

There was a painting hanging by a yellow and red string …


aura

Borrowed from Latin aura, from Ancient Greek αὔρα (aúra, “breeze, soft wind”). Doublet of the inherited ora.


establishment

(political science) (the) establishment (the dominant forces in society, especially when devoted to preserving the status quo)


orangutan

Borrowed from English orangutan, from Malay orang utan.


quinoa

From Spanish quinua, from Quechua kinwa.


caldera

Inherited from Late Latin caldāria (“cooking-pot”), derived from Latin caldus (“hot”).

inh+

(Balearic) a type of fish or seafood soup

(Valencia) a winter stew of pork, rutabaga, beans, and rice


gran

Inherited from Old Catalan gran, from Latin grandis, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ghrewə- (“to fell, put down, fall in”).


verge

ca-noun

verge m or f by sense (plural verges or vèrgens)

Inherited from Old Catalan verge~vergen, from Latin virginem.


dogma

Borrowed from Latin dogma, from Ancient Greek δόγμα (dógma, “belief”).


mariner

mariner m (plural mariners, feminine marinera)

From marí. Compare Spanish marinero, Portuguese marinheiro, French marinier, Italian marinaio. Cf. also Vulgar Latin marinarius.


paranoia

Ultimately from Ancient Greek παράνοια (paránoia, “madness”).


buc

From Frankish *būk (“belly”), from Proto-Germanic *būkaz (“belly, stomach”). Compare Spanish buque (“vessel”) and Italian buco (“hole”).

(architecture) the shell or outer walls enclosing a house or a staircase

(furniture) the cabinetwork enclosing the drawers, either fully or partially

(engineering) the metal coating of a nuclear reactor vessel


banda

Borrowed from French bande, from Old French bende, from Frankish *binda. Doublet of bena.


banda

From Gothic 𐌱𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍅𐍉 (bandwō, “sign, token”).

(music) band (especially one consisting mainly of wind and percussion instruments)


pupil

ca-noun

pupil m (plural pupils, feminine pupil·la)

Borrowed from Latin pūpillus. Doublet of pubill.


pont

Inherited from Old Catalan pont, from Latin pontem, from Proto-Indo-European *pónteh₁s (“path, road”), from *pent- (“path”).

inh

any of various objects or structures resembling a bridge, such as the bridge of violin, a dental prosthesis, a piece of tissue connecting two parts of an organ, etc.

a day which falls between a weekend and holiday, which employees will often take off in order to have a long weekend


alta

Ell va ser donat d’alta de l'hospital ahir.

He was given discharge from the hospital yesterday.


cosmos

Borrowed from Latin cosmos, from Ancient Greek κόσμος (kósmos).


gust

Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico

From Latin gustus, from Proto-Italic *gustus, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵéwstus. First attested in the 14th century, it was possibly a semi-learned word or early borrowing; compare the sound changes in the inherited Occitan gost, Portuguese gosto, and French goût.

molt al gust borbònic


cervo

Inherited from Old Catalan cervo, from Latin cervus.


wigwam

Ultimately from Abenaki wigwôm (“house”) or Penobscot wigwom (“house”), borrowed via English wigwam or French wigwam.


basto

(playing cards) Alternative form of bastó


durian

Borrowed from English durian, from Malay durian, from Proto-Malayic *duri-an, from (Western) Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *duʀi-an.


post

Inherited from Vulgar Latin postus, from positus.


puma

Borrowed from Spanish puma, from Classical Quechua puma.


karma

Borrowed from Sanskrit कर्मन् (kárman, “act, action, performance”).

bor+

(Hinduism, Buddhism, Sikhism, Jainism) karma


comal

coombe (u-shaped valley between mountains)


divan

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish دیوان (dîvân).


furor

ca-noun

furor m or (archaic or poetic) f (plural furors)


paio

Borrowed from Spanish payo (“non-Romani”).


palla

Inherited from Old Catalan palla, from Latin palea, from Proto-Indo-European *pel- (“flour, dust”). Compare Occitan palha, French paille, Italian paglia, Sicilian pagghia, Spanish paja.


problema

Borrowed from Latin problēma, from Ancient Greek πρόβλημα (próblēma, “obstacle”).


primal

ca-noun

primal m (plural primals, feminine primala)

From Medieval Latin *prīmāle, from Latin prīmus.

A sheep, goat, or bovine from the time it has lost its milk teeth until these are replaced with a second adult set (i.e. older than a year but less than three years of age).


prat

From Latin prātum. First attested in the 14th century.


fonema

Borrowed from Ancient Greek φώνημα (phṓnēma, “sound”).


rai

Originally a Western Catalan dialectal form of raig.


pita

Borrowed from Spanish pita (“century plant”).

Agave americana
Agave americana#Translingual

pita (fiber obtained from Agave americana)


flora

Borrowed from Latin Flōra (goddess of flowers), from flōs (“blossom”). First attested in the 20th century.


bony

Unknown. Probably of pre-Roman origin. First attested in 1372.


energia

Borrowed from Latin energia, from Ancient Greek ἐνέργεια (enérgeia).

(physics) energy, the capacity to do work.

the capacity to move (said of a person or animal).

the capacity to cause an effect (said of a remedy).


pena

Inherited from Old Catalan pena, from Latin poena, from Ancient Greek ποινή (poinḗ).


pena

(nautical) aft portion of the yard (spar used to attach a sail)


pena

Alternative form of penya (“large rock”)


interlocutor

ca-noun

interlocutor m (plural interlocutors, feminine interlocutora)

interlocutors (plural)
interlocutora (feminine)

interlocutor (a person who takes part in dialogue or conversation)


cactus

Borrowed from Latin cactus, from Ancient Greek κάκτος (káktos, “cardoon”), of pre-Greek origin.

der

(botany) cactus (member of the Cactaceae)


fester

ca-noun

fester m (plural festers, feminine festera)


cosa

Inherited from Latin causa. Compare Occitan causa and chausa, French chose, Spanish cosa, Italian cosa. Doublet of causa, a borrowing from Latin.


gal

Gaulish (Celtic language that was spoken in Gaul)


precursor

precursor m (plural precursors, feminine precursora)

precursors (plural)
precursora (feminine)


contrast

contrast m (plural contrasts or contrastos)

Deverbal from contrastar. First attested in the 14th century.


mina

mine (excavation from which ore is taken)

mine (device intended to explode when stepped on)


boga

Inherited from Latin bōca, from Ancient Greek βῶξ (bôx), accusative of βῶξ (bôx), a contracted form of βόαξ (bóax), from βοῦς (boûs, “ox”) + ὤψ (ṓps, “eye”).

a bogue (Boops boops), an Atlantic seabreams


boga

Inherited from Latin buda, a borrowing from a Berber language of North Africa.


oficina

Borrowed from Latin officīna (“workshop”).

bor+

office (a room used for non-manual work)


angula

Borrowed from Basque angula, from Latin anguilla. Doublet of anguila.


elm

From Latin helmus, elmus. First attested in the 13th century.

Semicassis saburon (helmet snail found in the Mediterranean and eastern Atlantic)


absenta

→ Spanish: absenta


nutrient

Learned borrowing from Latin nūtrientem.


fada

From Vulgar Latin *Fāta (“goddess of fate”), from the plural of Latin fātum (“fate, destiny told by the gods”). Compare French fée, Italian fata, Occitan and Portuguese fada, Spanish hada.


fantasia

Borrowed from Latin phantasia, from Ancient Greek φαντασία (phantasía).


ses

Inherited from Latin sessus (literally “act of sitting”). Compare Spanish sieso.


plena

(castells) in a castell with three or five castellers per level, the column to the right of the rengla

(games) a game similar to bingo popular around Christmastime


multa

fine (a fee levied as punishment for breaking the law)


gurdwara

Borrowed from Punjabi ਗੁਰਦੁਆਰਾ (gurduārā).


zeugma

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ζεῦγμα (zeûgma, “bond; yoking”).


relapse

ca-noun

relapse m (plural relapses, feminine relapsa)

backslider (someone who has relapsed into sin or heresy)


vigilant

vigilant m or f by sense (plural vigilants)

Borrowed from Latin vigilantem. First attested in 1696.


economia

Borrowed from Latin oeconomia, from Ancient Greek οἰκονομία (oikonomía). First attested in 1696.


tomb

turn (change of temperament or circumstance)


regna

Inherited from Old Catalan regna, from Early Medieval Latin retina, ultimately from Latin retinere (“restrain, hold back”).


bonze

bonze m (plural bonzes, feminine bonzessa)

Borrowed from Portuguese bonzo, from Japanese 凡僧 (bonzō).


jurat

Inherited from Old Catalan jurat, from Latin iūrātus.


oro

(in the plural) a suit in a Spanish deck of cards


neta

Inherited from Late Latin nepta, from Latin neptis. Compare Spanish nieta.


successor

successor m (plural successors, feminine successora)

successors (plural)
successora (feminine)


sola

From Vulgar Latin *sola, from Latin solea.


impost

First attested in 1905. Borrowed either from French impôt, or directly from Latin impositus.


debut

debut (a performer's first appearance in public)


anca

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *hanca, from Proto-Germanic *hankō (related to *ankijǭ (“joint, limb”)). Cognate with English haunch.


compost

compost m (plural composts or compostos)

From the above, possibly influenced by English compost.


verger

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *virdiārium, syncopated form of Latin viridiārium, variant of viridārium, from viridis (“green”).


punt

Inherited from Latin pūnctum. Cognate with Spanish and Galician punto and Portuguese ponto.

(mathematics) point (used for separating the fractional part from the whole part)


censor

censor m (plural censors, feminine censora)


rua

Inherited from Latin rūga (“wrinkle”). Doublet of ruga.

rua de carnaval


angina

(pathology) angina (infection of the throat)


paloma

Inherited from Vulgar Latin palumba, from Latin palumbus, palumbēs (“wood pigeon”).

Macrolepiota procera
Macrolepiota procera#Translingual

a parasol mushroom, especially the highly edible Macrolepiota procera


ugandés

ugandés m (plural ugandesos, feminine ugandesa)

(Valencia) Alternative spelling of ugandès


francés

francés m (plural francesos, feminine francesa)

(Valencia) Alternative spelling of francès


vista

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *visita, from Latin visa, feminine past participle of videō.

view (the act of seeing or looking at something)

view (something to look at, such as scenery)


cinc

(castells) a castell built with five castellers on each level


afer

afers estrangers


geografia

Borrowed from Latin geōgraphia, from Ancient Greek γεωγραφία (geōgraphía).


sex symbol

sex symbol m or f by sense (plural sex symbols)

Elles ja no necessitaven enfundar-se en les sensuals camisoles de setí que havien fet de Jean Harlow tot una sex symbol als anys 30 o en els conjunts baby doll que dues dècades més tard va popularitzar Carroll Baker.

2020 August 18, Laia Beltran, “24 hores en pijama [24 hours in pajamas]”, in Ara:

They no longer needed to put on the sensual satin shirts that had made Jean Harlow a total sex symbol in the 30s or in the baby doll ensembles that two decades later popularized Carroll Baker.

sex symbol (person who embodies sexual ideals)


mural

Borrowed from Latin murālis. First attested in 1839.


prima

premium (a bonus paid in addition to normal payments)


dita

Inherited from Latin dicta, from dictus, perfect passive participle of dīcō (“to say”).


rosbif

Borrowed from French rosbif, from English roast beef.


teoria

Borrowed from Latin theōria, from Ancient Greek θεωρία (theōría).


errant

Borrowed from Latin errantem, present active participle of errō.

(zoology) A polychaete worm of the subclass Errantia


cabal

Inherited from Late Latin capālis, from Latin capitālis. Equivalent to cap + -al.


vas

Inherited from Old Catalan vas, from Latin vāsum, variant of vās.


coi

Borrowed from Dutch kooi (“bunk”). Doublet of càvea and gàbia.

(nautical) a type of hammock made of sailcloth used as a makeshift bunk


cacau

mantega de cacau

fer un cacau

(colloquial, Castilianism) disorder, mess


atmosfera

From New Latin atmosphaera, from Ancient Greek ἀτμός (atmós, “steam”) + σφαῖρα (sphaîra, “sphere”). Equivalent to atmo- + -sfera.


vol

(collective) flock (group of animals flying together)

(collective) shoal (group of animals swimming together)


corbata

Borrowed from Italian corvatta or croata. Compare modern Italian cravatta


rivet

Borrowed from Andalusian Arabic رِبَاط (ribát), from Arabic رِبَاط (ribāṭ, “something which binds”).

der

Ara, ab més reflexió, trobo que fou senzillament un acte de cobardía ab ribets de personal egoisme.

1898, Marià Vayreda, Recorts de la darrera carlinada:

Now, after more reflection, I find that it was simply and act of cowardice with traces of personal egoism.


elefant

ca-noun

elefant m (plural elefants, feminine elefanta)


número

Borrowed from Latin numerus. Compare nombre, an inherited doublet.


dit

Inherited from Latin digitus. Doublet of dígit. Cognate with Occitan det and dit, French doigt, Spanish dedo and dígito, Portuguese dedo and dígito, and Galician dedo.

tres o quatre dits d'ample


vaca

Serranus scriba
Serranus scriba#Translingual

painted comber (fish of species Serranus scriba)


gelosia

(architecture) a latticework placed over a window to provide privacy and reduce glare


plaça

plaça de nou, a public location where a nine-storey castell has been successfully performed

plaça de deu, a public location where a ten-storey castell has been successfully performed

(castells) a location where castells are presented publicly

dur a plaça, successfully perform (a particular kind of castell) in public

(castells) a context of public performance, as opposed to during an assaig


nom

Inherited from Old Catalan nom, from Latin nōmen, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁nómn̥.

name (word that indicates a particular person, place, or thing)


sabana

Borrowed from Spanish sabana, from Cariban/Taíno.


com

Borrowed from Gaulish *kumbos (“curved”). Related to *kumbā (“valley”).

bor+

(geography) a steep-sided glacial valley with a level floor


blockbuster

Unadapted borrowing from English blockbuster.

ubor

La cancel·lació de l'estrena a les sales després d'haver-la "publicitat des del primer moment en què es va presentar la pel·lícula" suposa un cop més per als empresaris de cinemes, que esperaven l'arribada del blockbuster per intentar recuperar-se de l'aturada del coronavirus.

2020 August 7, “Els cinemes espanyols acusen Disney d'enganyar el públic amb 'Mulan' [Spanish movie theaters accuse Disney of misleading the public with Mulan]”, in Ara:

The cancellation of the premiere in theaters after having "advertised it from the first moment that the film was revealed" means one more blow to theater owners, who awaited the arrival of the blockbuster to try to recover from the stoppage of the coronavirus.

blockbuster (film or book that sustains exceptional and widespread popularity and achieves enormous sales)


alfa

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ἄλφα (álpha), of Semitic origin.


octubre

Borrowed from Latin octōbrem; cf. also Spanishi octubre. Compare the inherited Old Catalan vuitubri, uitubri.


jugador

ca-noun

jugador m (plural jugadors, feminine jugadora)


fusible

Learned borrowing from Latin fusibilis, from the stem of fundō.


javanés

javanés m (plural javanesos, feminine javanesa)

(Valencia) Alternative spelling of javanès


jornal

(agriculture, historical) a highly-variable unit of area corresponding to the amount of cultivated land that can be worked in a day


jaca

Borrowed from Portuguese jaca, from Malayalam ചക്ക (cakka) / Tamil சக்கை (cakkai).


cadena

Inherited from Latin catēna. Compare Occitan cadena, French chaîne.


diplomat

diplomat m (plural diplomats, feminine diplomada)


sabor

sabor m or (archaic, poetic or regional) f (plural sabors)

Inherited from Old Catalan sabor, from Latin sapōrem (“flavor, taste”), noun based on sapere (“to taste”).


gallina

Inherited from Old Catalan gallina, from Latin gallīna. Compare Occitan galina, Old French jeline, Spanish gallina.


quimono

Borrowed from Japanese 着物 (kimono, “clothing”), which is from 着 (“wearing”) + 物 (mono, “thing”).


jornada

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *diurnāta. Documented from 1283–5. Derivable from jorn + -ada.


patent

Borrowed from Latin patentem, from pateō.

La patent unitària europea entrarà previsiblement en vigor l’any que ve, un cop Àustria ha ratificat la seva adhesió i Alemanya està a punt de fer-ho. Un sistema que ha de permetre, amb una única aplicació, que una patent entri en vigor en tots els estats que s’hi han sumat.

2021 December 12, Xavier Grau del Cerro, Núria Rius Montaner, “Espanya renuncia a la patent unitària europea per l’idioma”, in Ara.cat, retrieved 2021-12-13:


esposa

Inherited from Latin spōnsa. Compare Occitan esposa, French épouse, Spanish esposa.


solar

lot, plot (a distinct portion of land, usually smaller than a field)


vida

Inherited from Old Catalan vida, from Latin vīta, from Proto-Italic *gʷītā.


missa

Learned borrowing from Ecclesiastical Latin missa (“mass”), from Latin missum. Doublet of mesa, an inherited form.


kan

Borrowed from Medieval Latin chanis, from Turkic.


química

Borrowed from Arabic اَلْكِيمِيَاء (al-kīmiyāʔ), from Ancient Greek χυμείᾱ (khumeíā), or from Latin chimicus, alternative form of chēmicus (“chemical”), from chēmia (“chemistry”), Ancient Greek χυμείᾱ (khumeíā, “art of alloying metals”), from χύμα (khúma, “fluid”).

bor+

اَلْكِيمِيَاء


química

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


medicina

Borrowed from Latin medicina. Doublet of metzina.


quinta

(card games) a run of five sequential cards of the same suit

(music) fifth or fifth voice in piece of vocal polyphony

(history, Catalonia) the payment by a city of one-fifth of its municipal taxes into the royal treasury as a condition of being granted a charter