Iraq

Iraq (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


Bahrain

Bahrain (an archipelago, island, and country in Western Asia, in the Persian Gulf)


Bhutan

Bhutan (a country in South Asia, in the Himalayas)


Maldives

Maldives (an archipelago and country in South Asia, located in the Indian Ocean off the coast of India)


Nicaragua

Nicaragua (a country in Central America)


Brasil

Brazil (A large Portuguese-speaking country in South America)


Qatar

Qatar (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


Oman

Oman (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


Guatemala

Guatemala (a country in Central America)

Guatemala City (the capital city of Guatemala)


El Salvador

El Salvador (a country in Central America)


Kuwait

Kuwait (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


Andorra

→ Japanese: アンドラ (Andora)

Andorra (a microstate in Southern Europe, between Spain and France)

Andorra-Serra d'Arcs
Andorra-Serra d'Arcs

A village in Aragon, Spain, the capital of the comarca Andorra-Serra d'Arcs


Nauru

Nauru (a country and island in Oceania, in the Pacific Ocean)


Jamaica

Jamaica (an island and country in the Caribbean)


Madagascar

Madagascar (an island and country off the east coast of Africa)


Rwanda

Alternative spelling of Ruanda: Rwanda (a country in East Africa)


Nepal

Nepal (a country in South Asia, located between China and India)


URSS

Initialism of Unió de Repúbliques Socialistes Soviètiques.


Sudan

Borrowed from Arabic سُودَان (sūdān, literally “black men”), plural of أَسْوَد (ʔaswad).

bor+

Sudan (a country in North Africa and East Africa)


Uganda

From Swahili Uganda (“Buganda, subnational kingdom”), from Luganda Buganda (“land of the Ganda”).


Cuba

Cuba (an island and country in the Caribbean)


Tonga

Tonga (a country and archipelago in Polynesia in Oceania)


Iran

Iran (a country in West Asia, in the Middle East)


Israel

Israel (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East, at the eastern shore of the Mediterranean)

a male given name, equivalent to English Israel


CDC

Convergència Democràtica de Catalunya
w:Convergència Democràtica de Catalunya

(politics, initialism) Initialism of Convergència Democràtica de Catalunya, a Catalan nationalist party


FIFA

FIFA (International Federation of Association Football)


San Marino

San Marino (a landlocked microstate in Southern Europe, located within the borders of Italy)

San Marino (the capital city of San Marino)


Turkmenistan

Turkmenistan (a country in Central Asia)


Romania

Southeast Europe
Southeast Europe#English


Dominica

Dominica (an island and country in the Caribbean)


Kazakhstan

Kazakhstan (a country in Central Asia and Eastern Europe)


Fiji

Borrowed from Fijian Viti, from Proto-Central Pacific *viti "east, sunrise".

Fiji (a country and archipelago of over 300 islands in Melanesia in Oceania)


Burkina Faso

From Moore burkĩna (“honest”) + Dyula faso (“father's house”), coined by Thomas Sankara.

Burkina Faso (a country in West Africa, formerly Upper Volta)


Montserrat

Montserrat (a mountain range in Catalonia, Spain, near Barcelona, the site of a monastery)

a female given name transferred from the place name

Montserrat (an island and overseas territory of the United Kingdom in the Caribbean)


Sri Lanka

Sri Lanka (an island and country in South Asia, off the coast of India)


Costa Rica

Costa Rica (a country in Central America)


Portugal

From Latin Portucale < Portus Cale, former name of what is now the city of Vila Nova de Gaia.

Portugal (a country in Southern Europe, on the Iberian Peninsula)


Malta

Malta (an island country in Southern Europe)

Malta (The largest island in the Maltese Archipelago)


Eritrea

Eritrea (a country in East Africa, on the Red Sea)


Barbados

From Portuguese barbados (“bearded ones”)

Barbados (an island and country in the Caribbean)


Congo

Republic of the Congo
Republic of the Congo

Democratic Republic of the Congo
Democratic Republic of the Congo

Congo (a country in Central Africa, larger and to the east of the Republic of the Congo)

Congo (a country in Central Africa, smaller and to the west of the Democratic Republic of the Congo)

Congo (a large river in Africa, which flows for about 4,380 km (2,720 miles) to the Atlantic Ocean in the Democratic Republic of Congo)


Samoa

Samoa (A country consisting of the western part of the Samoan archipelago in Polynesia, in Oceania)


Taiwan

From possibly either Spanish Taiwán or English Taiwan.


Montreal

Montreal (the largest city in Quebec, Canada)

Montreal (an island in Quebec, Canada, the site of the city of Montreal)


Quebec

Quebec, Quebec City (the capital city of the province of Quebec, Canada)


Minas Gerais

Minas Gerais (a state of Brazil; capital: Belo Horizonte)


sol

Inherited from Old Catalan sol, from Latin sōlem (“sun”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *sóh₂wl̥.

(astronomy) the Sun (the center of our solar system)


Melbourne

Melbourne (the capital city of Victoria, Australia)


Sydney

(uncountable) Sydney (a major port city, the state capital of New South Wales, Australia, and the most populous city in Australia)

(uncountable) Sydney (a seaport and former city in Nova Scotia, Canada, now part of the amalgamated Cape Breton Regional Municipality on Cape Breton Island)


Salvador

Salvador (a municipality, the state capital of Bahia, Brazil)


Kuala Lumpur

Unadapted borrowing from Malay Kuala Lumpur.


Oceania

Oceania (a geographical region or continent in the Pacific Ocean)


Amsterdam

Amsterdam (a city and municipality of North Holland, Netherlands; capital city of the Netherlands)


ABC

Associació Bíblica de Catalunya, a Catalonian bible club


Madrid

Community of Madrid
Community of Madrid#English

autonomous community
autonomous community

Madrid, Community of Madrid (an autonomous community of Spain)

Madrid (a province of the Community of Madrid, Spain)


Toscana

administrative region
administrative region

Tuscany (an administrative region of Italy, located north of Lazio and south of Emilia-Romagna)


Albert

a male given name, equivalent to English Albert


Montevideo

Montevideo (the capital city of Uruguay)


Tobago

Trinidad and Tobago
Trinidad and Tobago#English

Tobago (an island in Caribbean, and part of the country of Trinidad and Tobago)


Glasgow

Glasgow (a major city and council area of Scotland, largest city in Scotland)


Orleans

Centre-Val de Loire
Centre-Val de Loire#English

Orleans (a city in Centre-Val de Loire, France)


Jakarta

Unadapted borrowing from Indonesian Jakarta.


Gerard

From Frankish *Gaiʀahard, either directly or via Old French Gerart.

a male given name from the Germanic languages.


Los Angeles

Los Angeles (city in California, United States)


Tarragona

Tarragona (a province of Catalonia, Spain)

Tarragona (a city in Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain)


Frankfurt

Frankfurt, Frankfurt-am-Main (the largest city in Hesse, in central Germany)

Frankfurt, Frankfurt-an-der-Oder (a sizable town in Brandenburg, in eastern Germany)


Bali

Bali (an island and province of Indonesia)


Tunis

Tunis (The capital city, since 1159, and largest city of Tunisia)


Oslo

Oslo (a county and municipality, the capital city of Norway)


Maine

Pays de la Loire
Pays de la Loire#English

Maine (A traditional region of France, now in Pays de la Loire.)


Florida

Florida (a peninsula in the state of Florida, United States)


Hamburg

Hamburg (the second-largest city in Germany)

Hamburg (a state of Germany containing the city of the same name)


Jerusalem

Jerusalem (the claimed (and de-facto) capital city of Israel; the claimed capital city of Palestine)


Barcelona

From Iberian Barkeno, attested in an ancient coin inscription, found in Greek Βαρκινών (Barkinṓn) and Latin Barcino, Barcelo, and Barceno.

Barcelona (the capital city of Catalonia, Spain)

Barcelona (a province of Catalonia, Spain)


Liverpool

metropolitan borough
metropolitan borough

Liverpool (a city and metropolitan borough of Merseyside, England)

Liverpool (a suburb of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia)


Andalusia

Andalusia (an autonomous community of Spain)


Trento

Borrowed from Italian Trento, from Latin Tridentum (literally “three teeth”), named for the three hills that surround the city.

der

Trentino-Alto Adige
Trentino-Alto Adige#English

Trento (the provincial capital of Trentino, Trentino-Alto Adige, Italy)

(rare) Trentino (a province of Trentino-Alto Adige, Italy)


Nicolas

a male given name, equivalent to English Nicholas


Daniel

a male given name from Hebrew, equivalent to English Daniel


Hainaut

Hainaut (a province of Wallonia, Belgium)

Holy Roman Empire
Holy Roman Empire#English

Hainaut (a historical county of the Holy Roman Empire)


Bruges

Borrowed from French Bruges, from Old French, from Old Dutch Bruges, Bruggas, Brugias, probably from brugga (“bridge”), ultimately from Proto-Germanic *brugjǭ.

Bruges (the capital city of West Flanders province, Belgium)


Namur

Namur (the capital city of Namur, Belgium)

Namur (a historical county of the Holy Roman Empire)


Brabant

Borrowed from French Brabant. Doublet of bramant.

Brussels-Capital Region
Brussels-Capital Region

Brabant (a historical province of Belgium); now divided into Flemish Brabant, Walloon Brabant, and the Brussels-Capital Region

Brabant (a historical duchy in Belgium and Netherlands)


Zeus

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ζεύς (Zeús).


Sofia

a female given name, equivalent to English Sophia


Alexandria

Borrowed from Latin Alexandrīa, from Ancient Greek Ἀλεξάνδρεια (Alexándreia).


Leningrad

(historical) Leningrad (a major city in Russia), now Saint Petersburg


Aaron

a male given name from Hebrew, equivalent to English Aaron


Teresa

a female given name, equivalent to English Teresa


Turquia

Turkey (a country located in eastern Thrace in southeastern Europe and Anatolia in southwestern Asia)


Xavier

From the toponymic surname of a Spanish saint, from Basque Xabier. See Xavier for more.

a male given name, equivalent to English Xavier


Tigris

From Latin Tigris, from Ancient Greek Τίγρις (Tígris), an alternative form of Τίγρης (Tígrēs), from Old Persian 𐎫𐎡𐎥𐎼𐎠 (Tigrā), from Akkadian 𒀀𒇉𒈦𒄘𒃼 (^(ÍD)Idiqlat), from Sumerian 𒀀𒇉𒈦𒄘𒃼 (^(ÍD)Idigna, ^(ÍD)Idigina, literally “fast as an arrow”).


Macau

Macau (a city and special administrative region of China)


Jura

Jura (a canton of Switzerland; capital: Delémont)

Jura (a department of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, France; capital: Lons-le-Saunier)


Abelard

a male given name, equivalent to English Abelard


Odessa

Odessa (a city, the administrative center of Odessa Oblast, Ukraine)


Adam

From Hebrew אָדָם (adam, “earth, man, soil, light brown”).

der

a male given name, equivalent to English Adam


Bilbao

Bilbao (the largest city in the Basque Country, in nothern Spain, and capital city of the province of Biscay, Spain)


Jacob

Learned borrowing from Latin Iācōbus, from Hebrew יַעֲקֹב (ya‘ăqṓḇ, “Jacob”, literally “he will/shall heel”).


David

a male given name from Hebrew, equivalent to English David


Alps

Alps (a mountain range in Western Europe)


Robert

a male given name, equivalent to English Robert


Zaire

(historical) Zaire (A former country (1971–1997) in Central Africa; now the Democratic Republic of the Congo)


Ares

Borrowed from Latin Arēs, from Ancient Greek Ἄρης (Árēs).


Ivan

a male given name, equivalent to English Ivan


Gibraltar

from Arabic جَبَل طَارِق (jabal ṭāriq, “Mount Tariq”), probably via Spanish Gibraltar.

جَبَل طَارِق

Gibraltar (a peninsula, city, and overseas territory of the United Kingdom, at the southern end of Iberia)


Oliver

a male given name, equivalent to English Oliver


Massachusetts

Massachusetts (a state of the United States)


Nevada

Borrowed from English Nevada, from Spanish nevada (“snow-covered”).


UE

Initialism of Unió Europea. (European Union)


Inca

Balearic Islands
Balearic Islands#English

A city on the Mallorca island, Balearic Islands, Spain


Chicago

Chicago (a large city in Illinois, United States)


ETA

ETA (Basque nationalist terrorist group)


Boston

Boston (the capital and largest city of Massachusetts, United States)


Carolina

a female given name, equivalent to English Caroline


Columbia

Columbia (the capital city of South Carolina, United States)


Samuel

a male given name from Hebrew, equivalent to English Samuel


ERC

Esquerra Republicana de Catalunya
w:Esquerra Republicana de Catalunya

(politics) Initialism of Esquerra Republicana de Catalunya.


Buenos Aires

Buenos Aires (the capital city of Argentina)


ANC

Assemblea Nacional Catalana
w:Assemblea Nacional Catalana

Initialism of Assemblea Nacional Catalana (“Catalan National Assembly”).


Moscou

Moscow (a federal city, the capital of Russia)


Jesús

Borrowed from Latin Iēsus, from Ancient Greek Ἰησοῦς (Iēsoûs), from Hebrew ישוע (yeshúa).


Hercegovina

Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bosnia and Herzegovina#English

Herzegovina (the southern region of Bosnia and Herzegovina)


Ernest

Borrowed from German Ernst, a medieval royal name in Germany, from Old High German ernust (“vigor, strife”).

a male given name, equivalent to English Ernest


Afganistan

Afghanistan (A landlocked country between Central Asia and South Asia)


Asp

Aspe (a town in the comarca of Vinalopó Mitjà, Alicante province, Valencia, Spain)


Baviera

Borrowed from French Bavière or Italian Baviera.


Montenegro

Balkan Peninsula
Balkan Peninsula#English

Southeast Europe
Southeast Europe#English

Montenegro (a country on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe)


Cat

(chiefly in compounds) Clipping of Catalunya.


Cam

Borrowed from Latin Cham, from Ancient Greek Χαμ (Kham), from Hebrew חָם (ẖam).


Cupido

Learned borrowing from Latin Cupīdō (“Cupid, the god of love”), from cupere (“to desire, to long for”).

lbor

(Roman mythology) Cupid (the god of love)


Abraham

Learned borrowing from Late Latin Ābrahām, from Ancient Greek Ἀβρᾱᾱ́μ (Abrāā́m), from Hebrew אַבְרָהָם ('aḇrāhām, “Abraham”).

a male given name, equivalent to English Abraham


Caro

A mythological figure from the comarca of Safor in the Valencian Community said to have the head of a bearded man and the body of an owl.


Dari

a male given name from Latin, equivalent to English Darius


Gal

From Latin Gallus, probably of Celtic origin.


Eros

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ἔρως (Érōs).

(Greek mythology) Eros (god of love and sexual desire)


Juli

a male given name from Latin, equivalent to English Julius


Joan

Inherited from Latin Iohannes, from Ancient Greek Ἰωάννης (Iōánnēs), from Hebrew יוחנן (Yôḥānān, “Yahweh is gracious”).

der

a male given name, equivalent to English John


Marc

a male given name from Latin, equivalent to English Mark


Maria

a female given name, equivalent to English Mary


Marcel

Borrowed from Latin Marcellus, diminutive of Marcus.


Pere

Inherited from Old Catalan Pere, from Latin Petrus, from Ancient Greek Πέτρος (Pétros). Compare Occitan Pèire, French Pierre, Spanish Pedro.

a male given name, equivalent to English Peter


Papa

Inherited from Latin pāpās, from Ancient Greek πάπας (pápas).


Ester

a female given name from Hebrew, equivalent to English Esther


From Ancient Greek Νεῖλος (Neîlos), probably via Arabic نِيل (nīl).


Pol

a male given name, equivalent to English Paul


Pisa

Pisa (a city and province of Tuscany, Italy)


Mon

a diminutive of the female given name Montserrat


Anna

a female given name, equivalent to English Ann


Madeira

Borrowed from Portuguese Madeira, from madeira (“wood”). Doublet of matèria.

Madeira (an archipelago and autonomous region of Portugal, located in Atlantic Ocean)


Porto

Porto (a city and municipality, the district capital of Porto district, Portugal)


Volta

Borrowed from Portuguese Volta, from volta (“turnaround, return”).


Rut

a female given name from Hebrew, equivalent to English Ruth


Aran

Derived from Biblical Hebrew הָרָן (Hārān).


Urals

Urals (a mountain range in European Russia)


Medina

Medina (the capital city of the Medina region, Saudi Arabia, holy to Islam)


Bagdad

Baghdad (the capital city of Iraq)
Baghdad (a governorate of Iraq)


Televisió de Catalunya
w:ca:Televisió de Catalunya

autonomous communities
autonomous community#English

Initialism of Televisió de Catalunya. (the public broadcasting network of Catalonia, one of the seventeen autonomous communities of Spain)


Atlanta

Atlanta (the capital city of Georgia, United States)


Palestina

Palestine (a historical region and province of the Roman Empire in the Levant, Asia)

State of Palestine
State of Palestine#English

Palestine, State of Palestine (a country in the Levant, Asia)


Luxemburg

Luxembourg (a small country in Western Europe)

Luxembourg (a province of Wallonia, Belgium)

Luxembourg, Luxembourg City (the capital city of Luxembourg)

Luxembourg (One of the twelve cantons of the country of Luxembourg, which includes its capital city)


Volga

Volga (A river in Russia, the longest river in Europe, flowing 2,325 miles through western Russia to the Caspian Sea)


Panjab

Borrowed from Punjabi پنجاب (Panjāb), from Persian پنجاب (panj-âb, “[Land of] the Five Rivers”).

der

Punjab (a geographical region of South Asia)

Punjab (a state of India; capital: Chandigarh)

Punjab (a province of Pakistan; capital: Lahore)


Isabel

a female given name, equivalent to English Elizabeth


Singapur

Singapore (an island and city-state in Southeast Asia, located off the southernmost tip of the Malay Peninsula; a former British crown colony)


Conrad

Of Germanic origin, cognate with English Conrad, Italian Corrado etc.

a male given name, equivalent to English Conrad


Alaric

a male given name, equivalent to English Alaric


interés

(Valencia) Alternative spelling of interès


Londres

London (the capital city of the United Kingdom; capital city of England)


UDC

Unió Democràtica de Catalunya
w:Unió Democràtica de Catalunya

(politics) Initialism of Unió Democràtica de Catalunya, a Catalan nationalist party


Homer

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ὅμηρος (Hómēros, “hostage”).


Tatarstan

Transliteration of Russian Татарста́н (Tatarstán).

translit

Tatarstan (a republic of eastern Russia; capital: Kazan)


Córdoba

Cordoba (a city in Cordoba, Spain; province of Andalusia, Spain; province of Argentina; department of Colombia)


Kosovo

Kosovo (A partly-recognized country on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe)


Andes

Borrowed from Spanish Andes, from Quechua anti (“east”).

Andes (a mountain range in South America)


Roberta

a female given name, equivalent to English Roberta


Marta

a female given name, equivalent to English Martha


Afrodita

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ἀφροδίτη (Aphrodítē).


Anvers

Antwerp (the capital city of Antwerp province, Belgium)


UCI

Initialism of Unió Ciclista Internacional (“Union Cycliste Internationale; UCI”).


Karachi

Karachi (a city, the capital of the province of Sindh, Pakistan)


Nahum

der

Hebrew נַחוּם


Caire

Ultimately from Arabic الْقَاهِرَة (al-qāhira).


Roland

a male given name, equivalent to English Roland


Santo Domingo

Dominican Republic
Dominican Republic#English

Santo Domingo (the capital city of the Dominican Republic)


Andorra la Vella

desc

→ Japanese: アンドラ・ラ・ベリャ (Andora ra Berya)

[ənˈdɔ.rə lə ˈβe.ʎə]

Literally, “Old Andorra”; however vella in this case may be a corruption of vila (“town”), to distinguish from the principality of Andorra as a whole.

Andorra la Vella
Andorra la Vella#English

Andorra la Vella (the capital city of Andorra)


Brasília

Distrito Federal
Distrito Federal#English

Brasília (a municipality, the capital city of Brazil; state capital of Distrito Federal, Brazil)


Santiago

Santiago de Chile
Santiago de Chile#English

Santiago, Santiago de Chile (the capital city of Chile)

Santiago Metropolitan Region
Santiago Metropolitan Region#English

Santiago, Santiago Metropolitan Region (a province of Chile)

Santiago de Compostela
Santiago de Compostela#English

Santiago, Santiago de Compostela (a city in Galicia, Spain)

Santiago (one of the ten islands of Cape Verde)


Vichy

A town in the Allier department, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France, the capital of Vichy France during World War II


Calais

Calais (a city in the Pas-de-Calais department, Hauts-de-France, France)


Filip

a male given name from Ancient Greek, equivalent to English Philip


Siam

(historical) Siam (The former name of Thailand, a country in Southeast Asia)


Corea

Korea (two countries of East Asia, North Korea and South Korea; the peninsula containing these two countries)


Bermudes

Bermuda (an archipelago and overseas territory of the United Kingdom in the North Atlantic Ocean)


CDR

Comitès de Defensa de la República
w:ca:Comitès de Defensa de la República

(politics) Initialism of Comitès de Defensa de la República, a network of committees that function on a local, regional and national level in Catalonia to defend the supposed "Republic of Catalonia"


Salamanca

Castile and León
Castile and León#English

Salamanca (a province of Castile and León, Spain; capital: Salamanca)


Adrià

a male given name, equivalent to English Adrian


Hispaniola

Borrowed from Latin Hispāniola, a latinisation of Spanish la Española.


Dijon

Borrowed from French Dijon, from the Roman name, Latin Diviō, from the name Divius (“godly, divine”); see divus.

Dijon (the capital city of the Côte-d'Or department, Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, France)


Crimea

Crimea (an autonomous republic of Ukraine)


Valladolid

Valladolid (a province of Castile and León, Spain; capital: Valladolid)

Valladolid (a city in Valladolid, Spain)


Yukon

Borrowed from Gwich'in yukon (“great river”).

bor+

Yukon, Yukon Territory (a territory of Canada)


Adalbert

a male given name, a Catalan form of Albert


Sevilla

Borrowed from Arabic إِشْبِيلِيَة (ʔišbīliya), from Latin Hispalis, ultimately from Phoenician 𐤔𐤐𐤋𐤄 (šplh /sefela/, “plain, valley”).

إِشْبِيلِيَة

der

Seville (the capital city of Andalusia, Spain)

Seville (a province of Andalusia, Spain)


Albà

a male given name, equivalent to English Alban


Albí

a male given name, equivalent to English Albin


Alfons

a male given name, equivalent to English Alfonso


Nantes

Pays de la Loire
Pays de la Loire#English

Nantes (the capital city of the Loire-Atlantique department, France; capital city of the region of Pays de la Loire)


Guadalajara

[ɡwə.ðə.ləˈʒa.ɾə]

Borrowed from Arabic وَادِي الْحِجَارَة (wādī l-ḥijāra, literally “valley of stones”).

bor+

وَادِي الْحِجَارَة

Castile-La Mancha
Castile-La Mancha#English

Guadalajara (a province of Castile-La Mancha, Spain; capital: Guadalajara)

Guadalajara (a city, the capital of Guadalajara, Spain)

Guadalajara (a city, the capital of Jalisco, in central Mexico)


Extremadura

autonomous community
autonomous community

Extremadura (an autonomous community of Spain)


Açores

Borrowed from Portuguese Açores, from açores, plural of açor (“goshawk”), a cognate of Catalan astor.

Azores (an archipelago and autonomous region of Portugal, located in Atlantic Ocean)


Comores

Comoros (A country and group of islands in the Indian Ocean off the coast of East Africa)


Saragossa

[sə.ɾəˈɣɔ.sə]

Earlier Saragoça, Çaragoça, from Andalusian Arabic سرقسطة (Saraqusṭa), from Latin Caesaraugusta.

Zaragoza (a province of Aragon, Spain; capital: Zaragoza)


Algarve

Algarve (a traditional region and former kingdom in Portugal)


Navarra

Navarre (an autonomous community of Spain)


Raquel

Borrowed from Late Latin Rachel, from Ancient Greek Ῥαχήλ (Rhakhḗl), from Biblical Hebrew רָחֵל (rakhél, “ewe”).

a female given name from Late Latin [in turn from Ancient Greek, in turn from Biblical Hebrew]


Tula

Tula (former capital of the Toltec Empire)

Tula (a commune of Sassari, Sardinia, Italy)

Tulle (a commune in the former region of Limousin, now capital of the Corrèze department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region of France)

Tula (a city, the administrative center of Tula Oblast, Russia)


Reginald

a male given name, equivalent to English Reynold or Ronald


Lorena

administrative region
administrative region

Lorraine (a former administrative region and former duchy in eastern France; since 2016 part of the region of Grand Est)


Frederic

[fɾə.ðəˈɾik]

a male given name, equivalent to English Frederick


Praga

Prague (the capital city of the Czech Republic)


Rússia

Russia (A transcontinental country in Eastern Europe and North Asia)


França

Semi-learned borrowing from Medieval Latin Francia (“country of the Franks”).


Angles

Les Angles (a town and commune of the Gard department, Occitanie, France, historically part of Northern Catalonia)


Holanda

Holland (a traditional region in the Netherlands formed by two modern provinces, North Holland and South Holland)

Holland, the Netherlands (a country in Western Europe)


Nova York

New York City (a city in the United States)


irlandés

(Valencia) Alternative spelling of irlandès


AFI

Acronym of Alfabet Fonètic Internacional.

acronym

International Phonetic Alphabet
International Phonetic Alphabet#English


Epifania

Learned borrowing from Latin epiphanīa, from Ancient Greek ἐπιφάνεια (epipháneia, “manifestation, striking appearance”).


Francesca

The feminine form of Francesc (“Francis”), from Late Latin Franciscus, from Francia (“France”) + -iscus (“-ish”).

a female given name, equivalent to English Frances


Berlín

Berlin (the capital and largest city of Germany)


Mallorca

From Late Latin Maiorica, from Latin maior (“larger”), because the island is larger than Menorca. The change from -i- to -ll- is a hypercorrection against the iodització of the Mallorcan dialect of Catalan.


Eos

(Greek mythology) Eos (Greek goddess of dawn)


Cir

(historical) a male given name, equivalent to English Cyrus


Absaló

a male given name, equivalent to English Absalom


Aaró

a male given name, equivalent to English Aaron


Artur

Borrowed from Medieval Latin Arthurus. Doublet of Artús.

a male given name, equivalent to English Arthur


Alger

From Arabic الجَزَائِر (al-jazāʔir, literally “the islands”).


Riad

Borrowed from Arabic الرِّيَاض (ar-riyāḍ, literally “the meadows”).

bor+

Riyadh (the capital city of Saudi Arabia)


Esaú

(biblical) Esau (son of Isaac and Rebekah)


Tet

French: Têt

Têt (a river in the Pyrénées-Orientales department, Occitanie, France)


París

Paris (the capital and largest city of France)


EAU

Initialism of Emirats Àrabs Units (“United Arab Emirates”).

initialism

United Arab Emirates
United Arab Emirates#English

UAE, United Arab Emirates (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


Prometeu

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Προμηθεύς (Promētheús).

bor+

(Greek mythology) Prometheus (titan who gave the power of fire to the mortals)


Alcíone

Learned borrowing from Latin Alcyonē, from Ancient Greek Ἀλκυόνη (Alkuónē).

(Greek mythology) Alcyone (daughter of Atlas)

(Greek mythology) Alcyone (daughter of Aeolus)

(astronomy) Alcyone (brightest star in the Pleiades)


Hainan

Hainan (an island and province of China)


ONU

Organització de les Nacions Unides#Catalan

Acronym of Organització de les Nacions Unides (“UN”).


Mariana

Coordinate term: Marià

a female given name, equivalent to English Mariana


Guadalupe

Guadeloupe (an island in the northeastern edge of the Caribbean Sea)

Guadeloupe (an archipelago, overseas department, and administrative region of France, including the island of Guadeloupe)


Vic

Inherited from Latin vīcus (“hamlet, village”).

inh+

Vic (the capital of the comarca of Osona, in the province of Barcelona, Catalonia)


República Dominicana

Dominican Republic (a country in the Caribbean)


Elna

Inherited from Latin Helena, from Ancient Greek Ἑλένη (Helénē).

Holonym: Rosselló

Elne (a town in Pyrénées-Orientales, Occitanie, France)


Alexandre

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ἀλέξανδρος (Aléxandros).

bor+

a male given name from Ancient Greek, equivalent to English Alexander


Josefina

a female given name, equivalent to English Josephine


Catalunya

Borrowed from Medieval Latin Cathalonia, Cathalaunia, of disputed origin; more at Catalonia.

Catalonia (an autonomous community of Spain)


Nils

Ultimately from Latin asinus (“donkey”).

Nyls (a hamlet in the municipality of Pineilla, Pyrénées-Orientales department, Occitanie, France, historically part of Northern Catalonia)


Troia

Troy (an ancient city in far northwestern Asia Minor, in modern Turkey)


Eslovènia

Balkan Peninsula
Balkan Peninsula#English

Slovenia (a country on the Balkan Peninsula in Central Europe)


Níger

Niger (a country in West Africa, situated to the north of Nigeria)

Niger (a major river in West Africa, that flows into the Gulf of Guinea in Nigeria)


Índia

Learned borrowing from Latin India, from Ancient Greek Ἰνδία (Indía).


OTAN

w:ca:Organització del Tractat de l'Atlàntic Nord

Acronym of Organització del Tractat de l'Atlàntic Nord: NATO


Eufrates

Borrowed from Latin Euphrātēs, from Ancient Greek Εὐφράτης (Euphrátēs), from Old Persian 𐎢𐎳𐎼𐎠𐎬𐎢 (u-f-r-a-tu-u /ʰUfrātuš/), from Akkadian 𒀀𒇉𒌓𒄒𒉣 (^(ÍD)Purattu), from Sumerian 𒀀𒇉𒌓𒄒𒉣 (^(ÍD)Buranun).


Aina

a female given name, equivalent to English Ann


Azerbaidjan

Azerbaijan (a country in the South Caucasus, Asia and Europe)


Oltènia

Oltenia (a historical region in Romania)


Egipte

Egypt (a country in North Africa and Western Asia)


Teodor

a male given name, equivalent to English Theodore


Eduard

a male given name, equivalent to English Edward


Rafael

a male given name from Hebrew, equivalent to English Raphael


Loira

Borrowed from French Loire, from Latin Liger, itself borrowed from the native Gaulish name.

Loire (a department of Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France)


Nova Gal·les del Sud

LL-Q7026 (cat)-Millars-Nova Gal·les del Sud.wav


Agnès

a female given name, equivalent to English Agnes


Transnístria

Transnistria (a breakaway country in Moldova)


Enric

a male given name, equivalent to English Henry


Epir

Borrowed from Latin Epirus, from Ancient Greek Ἤπειρος (Ḗpeiros, “mainland”).

Epirus (a historical region in present-day Greece and Albania)


Pandora

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Πανδώρα (Pandṓra).


Justina

a female given name, equivalent to English Justine


Genoveva

Borrowed from Medieval Latin Genovefa, Genoveva, possibly either of Germanic origin, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *kunją (“kin, family”) + *wībą (“woman, wife”), or of Celtic origin, ultimately from Proto-Celtic *genos (“family, clan”).

af

a female given name, equivalent to English Genevieve


Corea del Sud

LL-Q7026 (cat)-Millars-Corea del Sud.wav


Corea del Nord

LL-Q7026 (cat)-Millars-Corea del Nord.wav


Esparta

Learned borrowing from Latin Sparta, from Ancient Greek Σπάρτα (Spárta).


Aristòtil

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ἀριστοτέλης (Aristotélēs).


Viccionari

El Viccionari rus defineix grafoman com «algú que té una tendència patològica a l'escriptura sense tenir el talent que correspon».

2022, Xènia Dyakonova, “Gue de grafoman”, in El conte de l'alfabet (Literatures), Barcelona: L'Avenç, →ISBN, page 24:


FCB

English: FCB

Spanish: FCB

(soccer) FCB: Initialism of Futbol Club Barcelona.


Síria

Borrowed from Latin Syria, from Ancient Greek Συρία (Suría).

Syria (a country in West Asia, in the Middle East)


CNT

(politics) Initialism of Confederació Nacional del Treball.


Bogotà

Bogota, Bogotá (the capital city of Colombia)


Morfeu

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Μορφεύς (Morpheús).

(Greek mythology) Morpheus, the Greek god of dreams


Persèfone

From Ancient Greek Περσεφόνη (Persephónē).


Caterina

a female given name, equivalent to English Catherine


Jordi

→ Dutch: Jordi, Jordy

Inherited from Latin Geōrgius, from Ancient Greek Γεώργιος (Geṓrgios).

a male given name, equivalent to English George


Barça

(soccer) Clipping of Futbol Club Barcelona.


Terranova

Newfoundland (an island in the Atlantic Ocean)


Sella

Sella (a municipality of Marina Baixa, Alicante, Valencia, Spain)


Antigua i Barbuda

LL-Q7026 (cat)-Millars-Antigua i Barbuda.wav

Antigua and Barbuda
Antigua and Barbuda#English

Antigua and Barbuda (a country in the Caribbean)


Noè

From Ancient Greek Νῶε (Nôe), from Biblical Hebrew נֹחַ (nóakh, nṓaḥ).

Noah (a figure in Abrahamic religions, believed to have built an ark)


Oviedo

Oviedo (the capital city of Asturias, Spain)


Cirene

Cyrene (an ancient city in North Africa, in modern Libya)


Cecília

Borrowed from Latin Caecilia, female form of Caecilius, a Roman family name derived from the byname caecus (“blind”).

a female given name, equivalent to English Cecilia


EUA

Estats Units d'Amèrica
Estats Units d'Amèrica#Catalan

USA (a country in North America); initialism of Estats Units d'Amèrica (“United States of America”)

Emirats Àrabs Units
Emirats Àrabs Units#Catalan

UAE, United Arab Emirates (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East); initialism of Emirats Àrabs Units (“United Arab Emirates”)


nadal

Inherited from Old Catalan nadal, from Latin nātālis. Doublet of natal, a learned borrowing.


Espanya

Spain (a country in Southern Europe, including most of the Iberian peninsula)


Dolomites

Dolomites (a mountain range of the Alps in north-eastern Italy)


Benín

Benin (a country in West Africa, formerly Dahomey)


POUM

(politics) Partit Obrer d’Unificació Marxista. An anti-Stalinist, revolutionary, communist party formed in Spain in 1935, which was active during the Spanish Civil War


Normandia

Normandy (an administrative region, historical province, and medieval kingdom in northwest France, on the English Channel)


Toledo

Toledo (a province of Castile-La Mancha, Spain)

Toledo (a city, the provincial capital of Toledo, Spain)


Ignasi

a male given name, equivalent to English Ignatius


Landes

Borrowed from French Landes, from Gaulish *landa (“(open) land”).

Landes (a department of Nouvelle-Aquitaine, France; capital: Mont-de-Marsan)


Tirol

Tyrol (a state of Austria; capital: Innsbruck)

Tyrol (a traditional region of Central Europe currently divided between Austria and Italy)


Alemanya

Germany (a country in Central Europe, formed in 1949 as West Germany, with its provisional capital Bonn until 1990, when it incorporated East Germany)


Armènia

Armenia (A country in the South Caucasus region of Asia, sometimes considered to belong politically to Europe)


Martinica

Martinique (an island, overseas department, and administrative region of France, in the Caribbean)


CUP

Candidatura d'Unitat Popular
w:ca:Candidatura d'Unitat Popular

(politics) Initialism of Candidatura d'Unitat Popular (“Popular Unity Candidacy”).


Irlanda del Nord

Northern Ireland
Northern Ireland#English

Northern Ireland (a constituent country of the United Kingdom)


Antoni

a male given name, equivalent to English Anthony


Francesc

Borrowed from Latin Franciscus or Italian Francesco.

a male given name from Italian, equivalent to English Francis


Bíblia

Borrowed from Latin biblia, from Ancient Greek βιβλία (biblía), plural of βιβλίον (biblíon, “books”).

(Christianity) Bible (Christian holy book)


Úrsula

a female given name from Latin, equivalent to English Ursula


Basilea

Basel (a city in Basel-Stadt canton, Switzerland)

Basel (a former canton of Switzerland, now divided into the cantons of Basel-Stadt and Basel-Landschaft)


Bengala

Bengal (a region of the Indian subcontinent currently divided between India and Bangladesh)


Dolors

Seven Sorrows of Mary
Seven Sorrows of Mary

(Roman Catholicism) Seven Sorrows of Mary (a devotion that commemorates the sorrows of Mary, mother of Christ)


Dolors

a female given name, equivalent to English Dolores


Carles

Inherited from Latin Carolus, from Old High German Karl, from Proto-Germanic *karlaz.

a male given name, equivalent to English Charles


Nadal

Inherited from Old Catalan nadal, from Latin nātālem [diēm Dominī] (“birth[day of the Lord]”). Doublet of natal, a learnèd borrowing.


Sabadell

Unknown. Predominant theories are:
* From ceba (“onion”), from Latin cēpa. The onion appears on the city's crest.
* From Latin sabbatellum, diminutive of sabbatum (“Saturday”), since market festivals were held on Saturday.

Vallès Occidental
Vallès Occidental#English

Sabadell (the capital city of Vallès Occidental, Catalonia, Spain)


Liorna

Inherited from Latin Liburnus, from Liburnī, name of the ancient population of Liburnians.


Novossibirsk

Borrowed from Russian Новосиби́рск (Novosibírsk).

bor+

Новосиби́рск

Novosibirsk (a city, the administrative center of Novosibirsk Oblast, Russia)


georgià

(archaic, stratigraphy) Georgian (geologic era of the Georgian stratigraphic series)


macedònic

From macedoni (“a Macedonian person”) + -ic.

Macedonian (a South Slavic language primarily spoken in Macedonia)


Balcans

els Balcans (canonical masculine plural)

Balkans (a geographical region in southeastern Europe)


Apol·lo

Borrowed from Latin Apollō, from Ancient Greek Ἀπόλλων (Apóllōn).

(Greek mythology, Roman mythology) Apollo (Greek god of music, poetry, and oracles)


Dionís

Borrowed from Latin Dionysus (“Dionysus”), from Ancient Greek Διόνυσος (Diónusos).

(Greek mythology) Dionysus (the Greek god of wine)

a male given name, equivalent to English Dennis


Frísia

Borrowed from Latin Frisia (“territory of the Frisians”).

(historical) Frisia (territory of the Frisians)

Friesland (a province of the Netherlands)


Deessa

From Déu (“God”) + -essa (“-ess”, feminine noun-forming suffix).


goidèlic

Borrowed from English Goidelic, from Old Irish Goídel (“Gael”) + -ic. As with English, this term is used to avoid the ambiguity associated with the term gaèlic (“Gaelic”).


gaèlic

Borrowed from English Gaelic, ultimately from Old Irish Goídel (“Gael”).


Alemània

Germany (a country in Central Europe, formed in 1949 as West Germany, with its provisional capital Bonn until 1990, when it incorporated East Germany)


Pau

a male given name, equivalent to English Paul


Bretanya

Brittany (an administrative region, historical province, and peninsula in northwest France)

(historical) Brittania (Great Britain and Brittany)


francés mitjà

(Valencia) Alternative spelling of francès mitjà


Lluís

a male given name, equivalent to English Louis


Escòcia

Scotland (a constituent country of the United Kingdom)


IEC

Institut d’Estudis Catalans
w:Institut d'Estudis Catalans

(linguistics) Initialism of Institut d’Estudis Catalans. (It is one of two bodies that sets out a standard for the Catalan language.)


AVL

Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua
w:Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua

Initialism of Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua. (It is the body that sets out the standard for the Valencian dialect of the Catalan language.)


Albània

Southeast Europe
Southeast Europe#English


Finlàndia

Finland (a country in eastern Scandinavia in Northern Europe)


Hawai

Ultimately from Hawaiian Hawaiʻi, from Hawaiki, from Proto-Nuclear Polynesian *Sawaiki.


Indonèsia

Indonesia (a country and archipelago in maritime Southeast Asia)


Macedoni

(historical) Macedonius (a male given name, most famously held by Macedonius I of Constantinople, a 4th century bishop who inspired the Macedonian heresy)


Macedònia

Borrowed from Latin Macedonia, from Ancient Greek Μακεδονία (Makedonía, “Macedonia”), from μακεδονία (makedonía, “highland”), from μακεδνός (makednós, “high, tall”).


Nàpols

From Latin Neapolis, from Ancient Greek Νεάπολις (Neápolis), from νέα (néa, “new”) + πόλις (pólis, “city”).


Occitània

administrative region
administrative region

Occitanie (an administrative region in southern France, created in 2016 by the merger of Languedoc-Roussillon and Midi-Pyrénées)


Gironda

Borrowed from Occitan Gironda, from Latin gȳrus undae (“turning of waves”).

Gironde (a department of France; capital: Bordeaux)


Sèrbia

Serbia (a country on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe)


Sicília

Holonym: Itàlia

Meronym: Siracusa

Sicily (The largest island in the Mediterranean Sea, an autonomous region of Italy, close to Africa and separated from Tunisia and Libya by the Strait of Sicily)


Ucraïna

Borrowed from Russian Украи́на (Ukraína) or Ukrainian Украї́на (Ukrajína), from Old East Slavic оукраина (ukraina, “borderland”).

der

Ukraine (a country in Eastern Europe, bordering on the north shore of the Black Sea)


Mèxic

Mexico City (the capital and largest city of Mexico)


Malaia

Feminine form of malai (“Malay”), the primary indigenous ethnic group of the area.


Gal·les

Wales (a constituent country of the United Kingdom)


Damasc

Borrowed from Latin Damascus, from Ancient Greek Δαμασκός (Damaskós), from a Semitic form akin to Hebrew דַּמֶּשֶׂק.

cog

Hebrew דַּמֶּשֶׂק


Dèdal

Borrowed from Latin Daedalus, from Ancient Greek Δαίδαλος (Daídalos), the mythological figure who crafted the waxen wings of Icarus.


Ricard

a male given name, equivalent to English Richard


Haití

Borrowed from French Haïti, from Taíno Ayiti.


Cirenaica

Cyrenaica (a traditional region and breakaway state in eastern Libya)

(historical) Cyrenaeica (a province of the Roman Empire)


Montblanc

Montblanc, a village in Tarragona, Spain


Perpinyà

Inherited from Latin Perpenniānum, from the given name Perpenna.

Perpignan (a city and commune of the Pyrénées-Orientales department, Occitanie, France)


Altai

Altay (a mountain range in central Asia)


Renaixença

the "renaissance" of the Catalan language in the 19th century


Víctor

a male given name from Latin, equivalent to English Victor


Grau

From grau (“inlet; landing”), from Latin gradus.


Elam

Elam (an ancient civilisation in southwestern Iran)


Amèrica del Sud

LL-Q7026 (cat)-Unjoanqualsevol-Amèrica del Sud.wav


Amèrica del Nord

LL-Q7026 (cat)-Unjoanqualsevol-Amèrica del Nord.wav


Rubèn

Borrowed from Hebrew רְאוּבֵן (r'uvén), from רְאוּ (r'ú, “see [masculine plural imperative]”) + בֵּן (ben, “son”); its literal meaning is therefore roughly, "See, all: a son!".

a male given name, equivalent to English Reuben


Miquel

Borrowed from Hebrew מיכאל (mikhael, “who is like God?”). Compare Spanish Miguel.

bor+

a male given name from Hebrew, equivalent to English Michael


Vicent

a male given name, equivalent to English Vincent


Vicenç

a male given name from Latin, equivalent to English Vincent


Bétera

Vila of the Camp de Túria district, in the Valencian Community (Spain)


Nàquera

Borrowed from Arabic نَقْرَة (naqra, “excavation, cavity”), from نَقَرَ (naqara, “to strike; to dig into”).

A municipality in the comarca of Camp de Túria, in the province of Valencia, in the Autonomous Community of Valencia, in eastern Spain


Montcada

city of the Horta Nord district, in the Valencian Community (Spain)

Montcada i Reixac
Montcada i Reixac#Catalan


Serra

town of the Camp de Túria district, in the Valencian Community (Spain), also known as Serra de Portaceli


Llíria

city and capital of the Camp de Túria district, in the Valencian Community (Spain)


Benaguasil

Vila of the Camp de Túria district, of the Valencian Community (Spain)


València

→ Basque: Valentzia

→ Chinese: 瓦倫西亞／瓦伦西亚 (Wǎlúnxīyà)

→ Corsican: Valencia, Valenza

→ Dutch: Valencia

→ English: Valencia

→ French: Valence

→ German: Valencia, Valentz

→ Italian: Valencia, Valenza

→ Portuguese: Valência

→ Spanish: Valencia

→ Turkish: Valensiya

Holonym: País Valencià

Valencia (the capital city of the autonomous community of Valencia, Spain)

Valencian Community
Valencian Community#English

autonomous community
autonomous community

Valencia, Valencian Community (an autonomous community of Spain)

Valencia (a province of the autonomous community of Valencia, Spain)


Bulgària

Bulgaria (a country in Southeast Europe)


Croàcia

Balkan Peninsula
Balkan Peninsula#English

Croatia (a country on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe)


Anglaterra

[əŋ.ɡləˈtɛ.rə]

England (a constituent country of the United Kingdom)


Dénia

Borrowed from Arabic دَانِيَة (dāniya), from Latin Dianium.

city and capital of the Marina Alta district, in the Valencian Community (Spain)


Xàtiva

Borrowed from Arabic شَاطِبَة (šāṭiba), from Latin Saetabis.


Suïssa

Switzerland (a country in Western Europe and Central Europe)


Algèria

[əʎˈʒɛ.ɾi.ə]


Austràlia

Australia (A country in Oceania comprising the islands of Australia, Tasmania and other smaller islands in the Pacific Ocean, as well as a former colony in the British Empire)

(geology) Australia (a continent consisting of the islands of Australia, New Guinea and intervening islands)


Moncofa

town of the Community of Valencia (Spain)


Capadòcia

Borrowed from Latin Cappadocia, from Ancient Greek Καππαδοκία (Kappadokía), from Old Persian 𐎣𐎫𐎱𐎬𐎢𐎣 (k-t-p-tu-u-k /katpatuka/).

der

Cappadocia (a historical region and province of the Roman Empire in central Anatolia)


Lluc

Inherited from Latin Lūcās, from Koine Greek Λουκᾶς (Loukâs).

a male given name, equivalent to English Luke

(book of the Bible) Luke (book of the Bible)


Lluc

Inherited from Latin lūcus (“sacred grove”).

inh+

Lluc (a pilgrimage site in Majorca, Spain)


Simó

a male given name, equivalent to English Simon


Aragó

Aragon (an autonomous community of Spain)


Cànoes

From Canoves, contraction of cases noves (“new houses”).

Canohès (a town and commune of the Pyrénées-Orientales department, Occitanie, France, historically part of Northern Catalonia)


Tuïr

Seemingly from Latin villa tugurii (“farm of the hut”).

Thuir (a town and commune of the Pyrénées-Orientales department, Occitanie, France, historically part of Northern Catalonia)


Vivers

Seemingly from the plural of viver, from Latin vīvārium (“preserve, enclosure”).

A village and commune of the Pyrénées-Orientales department, Occitanie, France, historically part of Northern Catalonia


Torderes

From the plural of tordera, from Latin turdāria, itself plural of turdārium (“thrush farm”), from turdus (“thrush”).

Tordères (a village and commune of the Pyrénées-Orientales department, Occitanie, France, historically part of Northern Catalonia)


Cotlliure

First recorded in Latin Castrum Caucoliberi.
Possibly from an Iberian root *kauk- (“bay”) and Latin Illiberi, the ancient name of the town of Elne (in Catalan Elna); interpretable as “port of Illiberi”.
Compare lliure (“free”).

Collioure (a town and commune of the Pyrénées-Orientales department, Occitanie, France, historically part of Northern Catalonia)


Pontellà

Inherited from Latin Pontiliānus, after the given name Pontilius.

Ponteilla (a town and commune of the Pyrénées-Orientales department, Occitanie, France, historically part of Northern Catalonia)


Tesà

Inherited from Latin Titiānus (“Titian”), whence also Ticià, from Titius.

Théza (a small town and commune of the Pyrénées-Orientales department, Occitanie, France, historically part of Northern Catalonia)


Illa

French: Ille

Inherited from Latin īnsula (“island”), whence also the Catalan noun illa.

Holonym: Rosselló

Ille-sur-Têt (a town in Pyrénées-Orientales, Occitanie)


Salses

Inherited from Latin Salsulās, derived from salsus (“salty”), so-called due to the presence of nearby salt mines.

Salses-le-Château (a town and commune of the Pyrénées-Orientales department, Occitanie, France, historically part of Northern Catalonia)


Vingrau

Maybe from vint graons (“twenty steps”), but more probably from the Germanic given name Winigaud or from vin (“wine”) + grau (“degree, grade”).

Vingrau (a small town and commune of the Pyrénées-Orientales department, Occitanie, France, historically part of Northern Catalonia)


Pollestres

Inherited from Latin palūdestris, feminine of palūdester (“swampy, marshy”), from palūs, palūdis (“swamp, marsh”) + -ester.

Pollestres (a town and commune of the Pyrénées-Orientales department, Occitanie, France, historically part of Northern Catalonia)


Montner

From Montnegre, from mont negre (“black mountain”).

Montner (a small town and commune of the Pyrénées-Orientales department, Occitanie, France, historically part of Northern Catalonia)


Eivissa

Borrowed from Arabic يَابِسَة (yābisa), from Latin Ebusus.

Balearic Islands
Balearic Islands#English

Ibiza (an island in the Balearic Islands)

Ibiza (a city and municipality of Ibiza)


Regne Unit

Regne Unit de Gran Bretanya i Irlanda del Nord


Badajoz

Badajoz (a province of Extremadura, Spain)

Badajoz (a city, the provincial capital of Badajoz, Spain)


Alcossebre

Borrowed from Arabic القُصَيْبَة (al-quṣayba, “little citadel”).

bor+

Alcalà de Xivert
Alcalà de Xivert#English

Alcossebre (a village in Alcalà de Xivert, comarca of Baix Mestrat, province of Castelló, Valencia, Spain)


Alboraia

Borrowed from Arabic البُرَيَّج (al-burayyaj, “little tower”).

city of the Horta Nord district, in the Valencian Community (Spain)


Horta Nord

Horta Nord (a comarca in Valencia, Valencia, Spain)


Costera

Granja de la Costera
Granja de la Costera

Llocnou d'En Fenollet
Llocnou d'En Fenollet

A comarca in Valencia. Capital: Xàtiva. It includes the municipalities of L'Alcúdia de Crespins, Barxeta, Canals, Cerdà, Estubeny, La Font de la Figuera, Genovés, La Granja de la Costera, Llanera de Ranes, Llocnou d'En Fenollet, La Llosa de Ranes, Moixent, Montesa, Novetlè, Rotglà i Corberà, Torrella, Vallada, and Vallés


Alcúdia de Crespins

L'Alcúdia de Crespins (canonical feminine)

Vila of the Costera district, in the Valencian Community (Spain)


Alcàsser

Borrowed from Arabic اَلْقَصْر (al-qaṣr, “the castle”), itself from Latin castrum (“castle”). Cognate with the Spanish toponym Alcácer.

A town in the Horta Sud district, Valencia, Spain


El Voló

From a Latin accusative Volōnem of uncertain origin.

Le Boulou (a town and commune of the Pyrénées-Orientales department, Occitanie, France)


Pobla de Vallbona

La Pobla de Vallbona (canonical feminine)

[ˈpob.blə ðə βəʎˈβɔ.nə]

Vila of the Camp de Túria district, in the Valencian Community (Spain)


Rosselló

Inherited from Latin Ruscinōnem. Compare French Roussillon, Occitan Rosselhon.

Holonym: Catalunya Nord

Meronyms: Elna, Perpinyà

Roussillon (a region of Pyrénées-Orientales, Occitanie, France), part of Northern Catalonia


Camp de Túria

Sant Antoni de Benaixeve
Sant Antoni de Benaixeve

A comarca in the Autonomous Community of Valencia, Spain that includes the municipalities of Benaguasil, Benissanó, Bétera, Casinos, Eliana, Gàtova, Llíria, Loriguilla, Marines, Nàquera, Olocau de Carraixet, Pobla de Vallbona, Riba-roja de Túria, Sant Antoni de Benaixeve, Serra and Vilamarxant


Eliana

town of the Camp de Túria district, in the Valencian Community (Spain)


País Basc

Basque Country (an autonomous community of Spain)


Gil

a male given name, equivalent to English Giles


l'Alguer

Unclear origin. Most straightforwardly, l' + alga (“seaweed”) + -er (adjective-forming suffix). Relatedly, a Medieval Latin Aleguerium (literally “stagnation of seaweed”) has also been proposed. In either case, ultimately from Latin alga.

af

Alghero (a city and port town in Sardinia, Italy)


Franja de Ponent

Aragon Strip (The region of Aragon in Spain where Catalan is spoken; composed of the districts of Ribagorza/Ribagorça, La Litera/La Llitera, Bajo Cinca/Baix Cinca, Bajo Aragón-Caspe/Baix Aragó-Casp, Bajo Aragón/Baix Aragó and Matarraña/Matarranya)


Països Catalans

Popularized by Joan Fuster in the essay Nosaltres, els valencians (1962).

Catalan Countries, including the regions: l'Alguer, Andorra, el Carxe, Catalunya, la Catalunya Nord, la Franja de Ponent, les Illes Balears and el País Valencià


País Valencià

Valencian Community. It is divided in the following districts: Alacantí, Alcoià, Alcalatén, Alt Maestrat, Alt Millars, Alt Palància, Alt Vinalopó, Baix Maestrat, Baix Segura, Baix Vinalopó, Camp de Morvedre, Camp de Túria, Canal de Navarrés, Comtat, Costera, Foia de Bunyol, Horta Nord, Horta Oest, Horta Sud, Marina Alta, Marina Baixa, Ports, Plana Alta, Plana d'Utiel, Racó d'Ademús, Ribera Alta, Ribera Baixa, Serrans, Safor, València, Vall d'Albaida, Vall de Cofrents and Vinalopó Mitjà


Clairà

Inherited from Latin Clāriānus, from the given name Clārius.

Claira (a town and commune of the Pyrénées-Orientales department, Occitanie, France)


Pià

Inherited from Latin Appiānus, from the given name Appius.

Pia (a town and commune of the Pyrénées-Orientales department, Occitanie, France, historically part of Northern Catalonia)


Bèlgica

Belgium (a country in Western Europe that has borders with the Netherlands, Germany, Luxembourg and France)


Ventafocs

Verb-object compound, composed of venta (“to blow, to fan”) + focs (“fires”).


Costa d'Ivori

[ˈkɔs.tə ð‿iˈβɔ.ɾi]

Ivory Coast, Côte d'Ivoire (a country in West Africa)


Plató

Borrowed from Latin Platōnem, from Ancient Greek Πλάτων (Plátōn), from πλατύς (platús, “broad, wide”), either because of Plato's robust body, or wide forehead or the breadth of his eloquence.


Geòrgia

Georgia (A transcontinental country in the Caucasus region of Europe and Asia, on the coast of the Black Sea, often considered to belong politically to Europe)

Georgia (a state in the Southern United States)


Guillem

a male given name, equivalent to English William


Gonçal

a male given name, equivalent to Spanish Gonzalo


Raül

a male given name, equivalent to English Ralph


Ramir

a male given name, equivalent to Spanish Ramiro


Prudència

a female given name, equivalent to English Prudence


Germà

Borrowed from Latin germānus (“brother”) or Germānus (“man from Germania”). Cognate with French Germain, Spanish Germán.


Quirze

Borrowed from Latin Quiricus, from Ancient Greek Κυριακός (Kuriakós, “of the Lord”).


Felip

a male given name, equivalent to English Philip


Grenlàndia

Alternative form of Groenlàndia (“Greenland, a large self-governing island and dependent territory of Denmark, in North America”)


Guiu

a male given name, equivalent to English Guy


Roc

a male given name, equivalent to English Rocco


Ferran

a male given name, equivalent to English Ferdinand or Spanish Fernando


Ferran

a surname, equivalent to Spanish Fernández


Marroc

From Old Catalan Marrocs, from Arabic مَرَّاكُش (marrākuš).


Tec

town of the Vallespir district, in the Northern Catalonia, now part of the Pyrénées-Orientales department in France


Cluses

Les Cluses (a village and commune of the Pyrénées-Orientales department, Occitanie, France, historically part of Northern Catalonia)


Prats de Molló i la Presta

ca-proper noun

Prats de Molló i la Presta m pl (plural only)

Vila of the Vallespir district, in the Northern Catalonia, now part of the Pyrénées-Orientales department in France


Vallespir

Northern Catalonia
Northern Catalonia#English

Morellàs i les Illes
Morellàs i les Illes

Prats de Molló i la Presta
Prats de Molló i la Presta

Sant Joan de Pladecorts
Sant Joan de Pladecorts

Sant Llorenç de Cerdans
Sant Llorenç de Cerdans

a comarca (district) of Northern Catalonia (now part of the Pyrénées-Orientales department in France) that includes the municipalities of l'Albera, Arles, els Banys i Palaldà, Ceret, les Cluses, Cortsaví, Costoja, la Menera, Montboló, Montferrer, Morellàs i les Illes, el Pertús, Prats de Molló i la Presta, Reiners, Sant Joan de Pladecorts, Sant Llorenç de Cerdans, Serrallonga and el Tec


Ceret

French: Céret

Holonym: Vallespir

Céret (a small town in Pyrénées-Orientales, Occitanie)


Banys i Palaldà

Els Banys i Palaldà (canonical masculine plural)

Amélie-les-Bains-Palalda (a town and commune of the Pyrénées-Orientales department, Occitanie, France, historically part of Northern Catalonia)


Cortsaví

Corsavy (a village and commune of the Pyrénées-Orientales department, Occitanie, France, historically part of Northern Catalonia)


Illes Balears

les Illes Balears (canonical feminine plural)

Balearic Islands (an autonomous community and province of Spain)


Fenolleda

district of the Northern Catalonia (now part of the Pyrénées-Orientales department in France) that is not Catalan-speaking but it is usually included in the Northern Catalonia


Albera

L'Albère (a village and commune of the Pyrénées-Orientales department, Occitanie, France, historically part of Northern Catalonia)


Costoja

Inherited from Latin custōdia. Doublet of custòdia, a learned borrowing.

Coustouges (a commune in the comarca of Vallespir in Northern Catalonia, now part of the Pyrénées-Orientales department of France)


Vilaller

Vila of the Alta Ribagorça district, in Catalonia


Racó d'Ademús

Rincón de Ademuz
Rincón de Ademuz#English

Rincón de Ademuz, Racó d'Ademús (a comarca in Valencia, Valencia, Spain, which is not Catalan-speaking)


Serrans

Els Serrans (canonical masculine plural)

Los Serranos, Serrans (a comarca in Valencia, Valencia, Spain, which is not Catalan-speaking)


Alt Palància

A comarca in Valencia, Spain. Capital: Segorbe


Alt Millars

Alto Mijares, Alt Millars (a comarca in Castellón, Valencia, Spain, which is not Catalan-speaking)


Plana d'Utiel

Plana d'Utiel, Requena-Utiel (a comarca in Valencia, Valencia, Spain, which is not Catalan-speaking)


Canal de Navarrés

La Canal de Navarrés (canonical masculine)

LL-Q7026 (cat)-Millars-Canal de Navarrés.wav

Canal de Navarrés
Canal de Navarrés#English

Canal de Navarrés (a comarca in Valencia, Valencia, Spain, which is not Catalan-speaking)


Foia de Bunyol

Foia de Bunyol, Hoya de Buñol (a comarca in Valencia, Valencia, Spain, which is not Catalan-speaking)


Santa Eulària des Riu

Vila of Ibiza, one of the Balearic Islands (Spain)


Vall de Boí

A town in Alta Ribagorça, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain


Sant Josep de sa Talaia

town of Ibiza, one of the Balearic Islands, Spain


Sant Joan de Labritja

[ˈsaɲ ʒuˈan də ləˈβɾi.d͡ʒə]

A town on Ibiza, Balearic Islands, Spain


Alta Ribagorça

A comarca in the province of Lleida, Catalonia. Capital: Pont de Suert. Together with the Aragonese comarca of Ribagorça, it makes up the historical and natural comarca of Ribagorça


Formiguera

town and capital of the Capcir district, in the Northern Catalonia, now part of the Pyrénées-Orientales department in France


Capcir

A historical comarca in the Region of Northern Catalonia, now part of the Pyrénées-Orientales department, France


Llaguna

town of the Capcir district, in the Northern Catalonia, now part of the Pyrénées-Orientales department in France


Font-rabiosa

→ French: Fontrabiouse

A town and commune of Capcir district, Pyrénées-Orientales department, Occitanie, in the historical region of Northern Catalonia


Menorca

From Late Latin Minorica, from Latin balearis minor.


Montferrer

Inherited from Latin monte ferrārius. Cognate with Occitan Montferrièr.

Montferrer (a village in the Pyrénées-Orientales department, France)


Montferrer

→ French: Montferrer


Formentera

A municipality that includes all the island and other islets


Sant Joan de Pladecorts

Saint-Jean-Pla-de-Corts (a village and commune of the Pyrénées-Orientales department, Occitanie, France)


Arles

→ French: Arles

Holonym: Vallespir

Arles-sur-Tech (a town and commune of the Pyrénées-Orientales department, Occitanie, France, historically part of Northern Catalonia)


Maó

The capital city of Minorca, Balearic Islands


Ciutadella

From ciutadella, from Latin civitatella.


Joaquim

a male given name, equivalent to English Joachim


Àlvar

Borrowed from Old Norse Alfarr, from alfr (“elf”) + herr (“army”). Cognate to Swedish Alvar and Spanish Álvaro.


Aleix

Inherited from Latin Alexius, from Ancient Greek Ἀλέξιος (Aléxios, “helper, defender”).

der

a male given name, equivalent to English Alexis


Emili

a male given name, equivalent to English Emil


Màrius

a male given name from Latin, equivalent to English Marius


Galícia

Galicia (an autonomous community of Spain)


Cecili

Borrowed from Latin Caecilius, a Roman family name derived from caecus (“blind”).

a male given name, equivalent to English Cecil


Antònia

a female given name, equivalent to English Antonia


Josep

Borrowed from Biblical Hebrew יוֹסֵף (yôsēp̄, literally “(God) shall add”); a son of Jacob.

bor+

a male given name, equivalent to English Joseph or Spanish José


Blai

a male given name, equivalent to English Blaise


Òscar

a male given name, equivalent to English Oscar


Àgata

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ἀγαθή (Agathḗ), from ἀγαθός (agathós, “good”).

a female given name, equivalent to English Agatha


Àgueda

From Ancient Greek Ἀγαθή (Agathḗ), from ἀγαθός (agathós, “good”).


Conca de Barberà

La Conca de Barberà (canonical feminine)

Passanant i Belltall
Passanant i Belltall

Santa Coloma de Queralt
Santa Coloma de Queralt

Vallfogona de Riucorb
Vallfogona de Riucorb

A comarca in Tarragona, Catalonia that includes the municipalities of Barberà de la Conca, Blancafort, Conesa, Espluga de Francolí, Forès, Llorac, Montblanc, Passanant i Belltall, les Piles, Pira, Pontils, Rocafort de Queralt, Santa Coloma de Queralt, Sarral, Savallà del Comtat, Senan, Solivella, Vallclara, Vallfogona de Riucorb, Vilanova de Prades, Vilaverd and Vimbodí i Poblet


Garraf

Borrowed from Arabic غَرَّاف (ḡarrāf, “copious stream of water”), from غَرَفَ (ḡarafa, “to lade out”).

Vilanova i la Geltrú
Vilanova i la Geltrú

A comarca in the Penedès region, Barcelona province, Catalonia, Spain that includes the municipalities of Canyelles, Cubelles, Olivella, Sant Pere de Ribes, Sitges and Vilanova i la Geltrú


Garraf

A town in Sitges municipality, Garraf, Barcelona province, Catalonia, Spain


Octàvia

Borrowed from Latin Octāvia, feminine form of the gens name Octāvius.

a female given name, equivalent to English Octavia


Octavi

Borrowed from Latin Octāvius, name of a Roman gens.

a male given name, equivalent to English Octavius


Herodes

Learned borrowing from Latin Hērōdēs, from Ancient Greek Ἡρῴδης (Hērṓidēs).


Cesc

a diminutive of the male given name Francesc


Sud-àfrica

South Africa (a country in Southern Africa)


Papua Nova Guinea

LL-Q7026 (cat)-Millars-Papua Nova Guinea.wav

Papua New Guinea
Papua New Guinea#English:_Q691


Oriol

Inherited from Latin Aureolus/Auriolus, from aureolus (“golden”, adjective).


Núria

Spanish: Nuria

From the Roman Catholic Catalan epithet of the Virgin Mary La Mare de Déu de Núria (“The Mother of God of Núria”), from the place name Núria (Vall de Núria, “Núria valley”).


Iemen

Yemen (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


Mosel·la

Moselle (a department of the region of Grand Est, France; capital: Metz)


Mosa

From Latin Mosa, from Celtic, deriving from Proto-Celtic *mosā.


Jordània

Jordan (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


Etiòpia

Borrowed from Latin Aethiopia, from Ancient Greek Αἰθιοπία (Aithiopía), from Αἰθίοψ (Aithíops).


Laia

a diminutive of the female given name Eulàlia


Arnau

a male given name, equivalent to English Arnold


Pennsilvània

Pennsylvania (a state of the United States)


Múrcia

autonomous community
autonomous community

Murcia (an autonomous community of Spain)

Murcia (the capital city of Murcia, Spain)


Nou Hampshire

New Hampshire (a state of the United States)


Virgínia de l'Oest

West Virginia (a state of the United States)


Nou Mèxic

New Mexico (a state in the southwestern United States; capital: Santa Fe)


Districte de Colúmbia

District of Columbia
District of Columbia


Mississipí

Mississippi (a state of the United States; capital: Jackson)

Mississippi (a river in the United States)


Califòrnia

California (a state of the United States)


Nova Jersey

New Jersey (a state of the United States)


Gijón

Gijón (a city on the coast of Asturias, in northwestern Spain)


Vèneto

administrative region
administrative region

Veneto (an administrative region of northern Italy, roughly corresponding to the ancient Venetia)


Xipre

Southeast Europe
Southeast Europe#English

Cyprus (an island and country in the Mediterranean Sea, normally considered politically part of Southeast Europe but geographically part of Western Asia)


Alacantí

Campo de Alicante
Campo de Alicante#English

Alacantí, Campo de Alicante (a comarca in Alicante, Valencia, Spain)


El Campello

town of the Alacantí district, in the Valencian Community (Spain)


Agost

Vila of the Alacantí district, in the Valencian Community (Spain)


Alacant

Borrowed from Arabic اَلقَنْت (al-qant) or لَقَنْت (laqant), from Latin Lucentum, or Vulgar Latin Leukante, ultimately from Ancient Greek λευκός (leukós, “white, bright”). Originally named Ἄκρα Λευκή (Ákra Leukḗ) or Λευκή Ἄκρα (Leukḗ Ákra, “white summit”) by Phocaean Greeks.

der

Alicante (a province of Valencia, Spain)

Alicante (the capital city of Alicante, Valencia, Spain)


Xixona

A town in Alacantí district, Valencia, Spain


Nova Zelanda

New Zealand (a country and archipelago in Oceania, to the east of Australia)


Estats Units d'Amèrica

ca-proper noun

Estats Units d'Amèrica m pl (plural only)

LL-Q7026 (cat)-Millars-Estats Units d'Amèrica.wav

United States of America
United States of America#English

United States of America (a country in North America)


República Txeca

Czech Republic
Czech Republic#English:_Q213

Czech Republic (a country in Central Europe)


Rin

From Old High German Rīn, probably via French Rhin.


Lilla

Borrowed from French Lille, from Old French l'Isle (“the Island”), ultimately from Latin īnsula (“island”).

Lille (the capital city of the Nord department, France; capital city of the region of Hauts-de-France)


Nicea

From Latin Nīcaea, from Ancient Greek Νῑ́καια (Nī́kaia). Doublet of Niça.

Nicaea (ancient Greek city in northwestern Anatolia, in modern Turkey; modern İznik)


Cantàbria

Cantabria (an autonomous community and province of Spain)


Pep

a diminutive of the male given name Josep


Ginebra

Geneva (the capital city of Geneva canton, Switzerland)


Mahoma

Also spelled in Old Catalan as Mafumet; from Andalusian Arabic مَحُمَّدْ (“Maḥummad”), ultimately deriving from Arabic مُحَمَّد (muḥammad, “praised, commendable, laudable”).


franja de Gaza

[ˈfɾaɲ.ʒə ðə ˈɣa.zə]

Gaza Strip (A region in Palestine between Egypt and Israel)


Dordonya

Dordogne (a department in Nouvelle-Aquitaine, southwestern France; capital: Périgueux)


Alta Viena

Haute-Vienne (a department of Nouvelle-Aquitaine, France)


Alier

Allier (a department of Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France; capital: Moulins)


Pirineus Atlàntics

Calqued from French Pyrénées-Atlantiques.


Cruesa

Creuse (a department of the region of New Aquitaine, France)


Alvèrnia

Auvergne (a former administrative region and historical province of France, since 2016 part of the region of Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes)


Corresa

Corrèze (a department of Nouvelle-Aquitaine, France)


Òlt

Lot (a river flowing throuh the regions of Occitanie and Nouvelle-Aquitaine in France)


Migdia-Pirineus

Midi-Pyrénées (a former administrative region of France; since 2016, part of the administrative region of Occitania)


Llemosí

Borrowed from Occitan Lemosin, from Latin Lemovīcīnus.

Limousin (a former region in France, now part of Nouvelle-Aquitaine)


Marne

Borrowed from French Marne, from Latin Mātrona.

Marne (a department of Grand Est, France)

Marne (a right tributary of the Seine, in eastern France)


Trinitat

Borrowed from Latin trīnitātem. As the name of an island, a calque of Spanish Trinidad.

Trinidad and Tobago
Trinidad and Tobago#English

Trinidad (an island in Caribbean, and part of the country of Trinidad and Tobago)


Aquisgrà

North Rhine-Westphalia
North Rhine-Westphalia#English

Aachen (a city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany)


Pequín

Beijing (a direct-administered municipality, the capital city of China)


Països Baixos

Kingdom of the Netherlands
Kingdom of the Netherlands#English

constituent countries
constituent country

Netherlands (The main constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located primarily in Western Europe bordering Germany and Belgium)

Netherlands, Kingdom of the Netherlands (a country in Western Europe, consisting of four constituent countries: the Netherlands per se, Aruba, Curaçao and Sint Maarten)


Girona

Girona (a city, the provincial capital of Girona, Spain)


La Rioja

La Rioja (an autonomous community and province of Spain; capital: Logroño)


Càntic dels Càntics

Canticle of Canticles
Canticle of Canticles

Song of Solomon (22nd book of the Bible). Translated as Canticle of Canticles


Nínive

Nineveh (an ancient city in Assyria, in modern Iraq, near Mosul)


Assíria

Learned borrowing from Latin Assyria, from Ancient Greek Ἀσσυρία (Assuría), from Akkadian 𒀸𒋗𒁺𐎹 (Aššūrāyu), from 𒀸𒋩 (Aššur, “Assur”), its original capital.

Assyria (an ancient kingdom in Mesopotamia)


Cartago

Learned borrowing from Latin Carthāgō, via Ancient Greek Καρχηδών (Karkhēdṓn) from Punic 𐤒𐤓𐤕-𐤇𐤃𐤔𐤕 (qrt-ḥdšt, “new city”).

Carthage (an ancient city in North Africa, in modern Tunisia)

Carthage (an ancient civilisation in North Africa, centred on the city of Carthage)


Tolosa

Inherited from Latin Tolōsa, probably of Gaulish origin.

Toulouse (the capital city of the Haute-Garonne department, France; capital city of the region of Occitanie)


Astúries

Asturias (an autonomous community and province of Spain)


mar de Bering

Bering Sea (a marginal sea of the Pacific Ocean)


torre Eiffel

Named after its architect Gustave Eiffel.


Còrsega

Corsica (an island, department, and administrative region of France, in the Mediterranean to the north of Sardinia)


Somàlia

Somalia (a country in East Africa, in the Horn of Africa)


Líban

Borrowed from Latin Libanus, from Ancient Greek Λίβανος (Líbanos), from a Semitic source.

Lebanon (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


Bielorússia

(dated) Belarus (a country in Eastern Europe)


Estats Units

United States (a country in North America)


Cap Verd

Cape Verde (an archipelago and country in West Africa)


Bahames

Bahamas (an archipelago and country in the Caribbean)


Tiberi

Borrowed from Latin Tiberius (“of the Tiber River”).


Eurocopa

(soccer) Euros (UEFA European Football Championship)


Montjuïc

Literally, “Mountain of Jews” (Latin mōns iūdaicus), after the local population. Some suggest this is a corruption of Latin mōns Iovis (literally “Mountain of Jupiter”).


Alfabet Fonètic Internacional

International Phonetic Alphabet
International Phonetic Alphabet

(phonetics) International Phonetic Alphabet


Xavi

a diminutive of the male given name Xavier


Urà

Borrowed from Latin Ūranus, from Ancient Greek Οὐρανός (Ouranós).

(Greek mythology, Roman mythology) Uranus


Atenes

Borrowed from Latin Athēnas, from Ancient Greek Ἀθῆναι (Athênai).


Bragança

Bragança (a district in northeastern Portugal)

Bragança (a city and municipality of Bragança district, Portugal)


Burgos

Castile and León
Castile and León#English

Burgos (a province of Castile and León, Spain; capital: Burgos)

Burgos (a city in Castile and León, Spain)


Piemont

Piedmont (an administrative region in the north of Italy)


Zamora

Zamora (a province of Castile and León, Spain; capital: Zamora)


Albacete

Castile-La Mancha
Castile-La Mancha#English

Albacete (a province of Castile-La Mancha, Spain)

Albacete (a city, the provincial capital of Albacete, Spain)


CiU

Convergència i Unió
w:ca:Convergència i Unió

(politics) Initialism of Convergència i Unió, an alliance of two Catalan nationalist parties, CDC and UDC


Bòsnia i Hercegovina

LL-Q7026 (cat)-Millars-Bosnia i Hercegovina.wav

LL-Q7026 (cat)-Unjoanqualsevol-Bòsnia i Hercegovina.wav

Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bosnia and Herzegovina#English:_Q225

Balkan Peninsula
Balkan Peninsula#English

Bosnia and Herzegovina (a country on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe)


Filipines

Philippines (a country in Southeast Asia)


Moçambic

Mozambique (a country in East Africa and Southern Africa)


Kirguizistan

Kyrgyzstan (a country in Central Asia, bordering on Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan and China)


Atles

Borrowed from Latin Ātlās, from Ancient Greek Ἄτλας (Átlas).

ca:Atles (mitologia)
ca:Atles (satèl·lit)


Euràsia

Eurasia (a supercontinent consisting of Europe and Asia)


Amazones

Calque of Spanish (Río) Amazonas, whose name commemorates a tribe of fierce women warriors encountered by the Spanish explorer Francisco de Orellana.


Esteve

Inherited from Latin Stephanus, from Ancient Greek Στέφανος (Stéphanos).

a male given name, equivalent to English Stephen


Danubi

Learned borrowing from Latin Dānubius, from Proto-Celtic *Dānowyos, an extended form of the river-name *Dānu, from Proto-Indo-European *déh₂nu (“river goddess”), akin to *dʰenh₂- (“to set in motion; to flow”).


A numeronym of the date, 1 October, 2017, on which the referendum took place

(numeronym) the Catalan independence referendum of 2017


Tomàs

a male given name, equivalent to English Thomas


Montse

a diminutive of the female given name Montserrat


Puig

From puig (“hill”). Possibly related to the Sicilian surname Pucciu.


UGT

Initialism of Unió General de Treballadors

Unió General de Treballadors, a Spanish trade union


Orfeu

Borrowed from Latin Orpheus, from Ancient Greek Ὀρφεύς (Orpheús).


Eurídice

Learned borrowing from Latin Eurydicē, from Ancient Greek Εὐρυδίκη (Eurudíkē).


Gant

Ghent (the capital city of East Flanders, Belgium)


Mussa

Borrowed from Arabic مُوسَى (mūsā) or Ottoman Turkish موسی (Turkish Musa).


Guadalquivir

Borrowed from Spanish Guadalquivir, derived from Arabic وَادِي الكَبِير (wādī l-kabīr, literally “the great river”).

وَادِي الكَبِير

Guadalquivir (a river in southern Spain)


Campània

Holonym: Itàlia

Meronyms: Herculà, Nàpols, Pompeia, Vesuvi

Campania (an administrative region of southern Italy)


Bangla Desh

[ˌbaŋ.ɡləˈðɛʃ]


Castella i Lleó

autonomous community
autonomous community

Castile and León (an autonomous community of Spain)


Lleó

Inherited from Latin Legiōnem, from legiō (“legion”).

León (a province of Castile and León, Spain)

León (a city, the provincial capital of León, Spain)


Lleó

Inherited from Latin leō (“lion”), whence also lleó, from Ancient Greek λέων (léōn).

a male given name, equivalent to English Leo


Nova Anglaterra

New England (a region of the United States)


Gregori

Learned borrowing from Latin Grēgorius, from post-classical Ancient Greek Γρηγόριος (Grēgórios, “watchful, vigilant”).

a male given name, equivalent to English Gregory


PSC

Partit dels Socialistes de Catalunya
w:Partit dels Socialistes de Catalunya

Initialism of Partit dels Socialistes de Catalunya (“Socialists' Party of Catalonia”).


Florència

Borrowed from Latin Flōrentia. Doublet of Florença.

Florence (the capital city of Tuscany, Italy)

Florence (a metropolitan city of Tuscany, Italy)


Martí

a male given name from Latin, equivalent to English Martin


Cosme

a male given name, equivalent to English Cosmas


Etrúria

Etruria (a historical region in central Italy, the land of the Etruscans)


Frígia

(historical) Phrygia (an ancient kingdom in Asia Minor)


Antioquia

Antioch on the Orontes
Antioch on the Orontes#English

Antioch, Antioch on the Orontes (ancient Greek city on the Orontes River, in modern Turkey)


Delfos

Delphi (a modern town in Phocis, Greece, near the sanctuary)


Jericó

Borrowed from Latin Jerīchō, from Ancient Greek Ἰεριχώ (Ierikhṓ), from Hebrew יְרִיחוֹ.

Hebrew יְרִיחוֹ

Jericho (a city in the West Bank of Palestine)


Margarida

[mər.ɡəˈɾi.ðə]

a female given name, equivalent to English Margaret


Proteu

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Πρωτεύς (Prōteús).


Júlia

a female given name, equivalent to English Julia


Voivodina

Vojvodina (an autonomous province of Serbia)


Nicolau

Borrowed from Latin Nīcolāus, from Ancient Greek Νικόλαος (Nikólaos).

a male given name, equivalent to English Nicholas


Pompeia

Pompeii (an ancient city in the Roman Empire, in modern Italy)


Xangai

Shanghai (a major port city and direct-administered municipality of China, the largest urban area in China)


Silvestre

a male given name from Latin, equivalent to English Sylvester


Èdip

Borrowed from Latin Oedipus, from Ancient Greek Οἰδίπους (Oidípous).


Blanes

→ English: Blanes

→ Spanish: Blanes

From Latin Blandae, from blandus (“pleasant”).

Blanes (a town in Selva, Girona, Catalonia, Spain)


Copenhaguen

Borrowed from Low German Kopenhagen, a calque (perhaps modified by folk etymology) of Danish København.

Copenhagen (the capital city of Denmark)


Úmbria

administrative region
administrative region

Umbria (an administrative region in central Italy)


Ístria

Borrowed from Latin Histria. See Istria.

the Adriatic Sea
the Adriatic Sea#English

Istria (a peninsula in the Adriatic Sea)


Haia

The Hague (the provincial capital of South Holland, Netherlands)


Sardenya

Sardinia (an island and autonomous region of Italy, in the Mediterranean Sea)


Satanàs

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Σατανᾶς (Satanâs), from Hebrew שָׂטָן (Śāṭān, “adversary”).


Segòvia

[səˈɣɔ.βi.ə]

Borrowed from Spanish Segovia, from Latin Segovia, from Celtiberian Segouia, from a suffixed form of Proto-Celtic *segos (“victory”).

Segovia (a province of Castile and León, Spain)

Segovia (a city in Segovia, Castile and León, Spain)


Pals

A town in Baix Empordà, Girona, Catalonia


Carme

a female given name, equivalent to English Carmen


Ligúria

Liguria (an administrative region of northwest Italy)


Laci

Lazio (an administrative region of Italy, situated in the central peninsular section of the country with Rome as its capital)


Guinea Bissau

Guinea-Bissau (a country in West Africa)


Las Palmas

Las Palmas (a province of the Canary Islands, Spain; capital: Las Palmas)

Las Palmas (a city in Las Palmas, Spain)


Jaén

Jaén (a province of Andalusia, Spain; capital: Jaén)


L'Hospitalet de Llobregat

L'Hospitalet de Llobregat
L'Hospitalet de Llobregat#English

L'Hospitalet de Llobregat (a city in Catalonia, Spain)


Terrassa

Inherited from Latin Terracia, from earlier Terracium castellum (“earthen castle”).

Vallès Occidental
Vallès Occidental#English

Terrassa (the capital city of Vallès Occidental, Catalonia)


Lleida

Inherited from Old Catalan Leyda; from Andalusian Arabic لاردة (“Lèrideh”); from Latin Ilerda, originating with the name of an Iberian tribe. Compare Spanish Lérida.

Lleida (a province in western Catalonia, Spain)

Lleida (the capital city of the province of Lleida, Catalonia, Spain)


Santa Cruz de Tenerife

Santa Cruz de Tenerife
Santa Cruz de Tenerife#English

Santa Cruz de Tenerife (a province of the Canary Islands, Spain; capital: Santa Cruz de Tenerife)

Santa Cruz de Tenerife (a city in Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain)


Mossos d'Esquadra

ca-proper noun

els Mossos d'Esquadra m pl (plural only)

els Mossos d'Esquadra (canonical masculine plural)

Mossos d'Esquadra
Mossos d'Esquadra#English

Mossos d'Esquadra (the police force of Catalonia)


Pontevedra

Pontevedra (a province of Galicia, Spain; capital: Pontevedra)

Pontevedra (a city in Pontevedra, Spain)


Lugo

Lugo (a city, the provincial capital of Lugo, Spain)


Cíclades

Borrowed from Latin Cyclades, from Ancient Greek Κυκλάδες (Kukládes).

Cyclades (An archipelago of Greece in the Aegean)


Marques

Marche (an administrative region in central Italy)


FGC

w:ca:Ferrocarrils de la Generalitat de Catalunya

(rail transport) Initialism of Ferrocarrils de la Generalitat de Catalunya.


Torà

der

Hebrew תּוֹרָה


Dudu

a diminutive of the male given name Eduard


Còrdova

Córdoba (a province of Andalusia, Spain)


Rodes

Borrowed from Latin Rhodus, from Ancient Greek Ῥόδος (Rhódos), of uncertain etymology.

Rhodes (an island, regional unit, and city in South Aegean, Greece)


Ardecha

Ardèche (a department of Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France)


Barbanegra

From barba (“beard”) + negra, feminine form of negre (“black”).


Europa Occidental

Western Europe (a geographical region of Europe)


Moldàvia

(historical) Moldavia (a former principality in Eastern Europe, which occupied a region now made up of the country of Moldova and northeastern Romania)


Esmirna

Borrowed from Latin Smyrna, from Ancient Greek Σμύρνα (Smúrna).

Smyrna (an ancient city in Asia Minor, in modern Turkey)

İzmir (a modern city, the capital of İzmir Province, in western Turkey)


Gea

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Γαῖα (Gaîa).


Holanda Septentrional

North Holland (a province of the Netherlands)


Llorenç

a male given name from Latin, equivalent to English Laurence


Nova Orleans

New Orleans (a city in the United States)


Marsella

Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur
Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur#English

Marseille (the capital city of the Bouches-du-Rhône department, France; capital city of the region of Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur)


Sudan del Sud

LL-Q7026 (cat)-Millars-Sudan del Sud.wav

South Sudan (a country in East Africa, formerly the southern part of Sudan)


Priorat

From priorat (“priory; territory administered by a prior”). Historically, the central region of the comarca was administered by the Carthusian Monastery of Santa Maria d'Escaladei.

Priorat (a comarca in Tarragona province, Catalonia, Spain; capital: Falset)

(wines) a denomination of qualified origin within the comarca of Priorat


Aràbia Saudita

Saudi Arabia (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


Llobregat

[ʎu.βɾəˈɣat]

Inherited from Latin Rubricātus (“reddish”).


Constança

Borrowed from Latin Cōnstantia, perhaps via French Constance.

Konstanz (a city in Baden-Württemberg, Germany)


Amós

Borrowed from Latin Amos, from Hebrew עמוס.

(biblical) Amos (figure mentioned in the Hebrew Bible)

(biblical) Amos (book of the Hebrew Bible)


Almeria

Almeria (a province of Andalusia, Spain; capital: Almeria)


Amadeu

a male given name, equivalent to English Amadeus


Ptolemeu

From Latin Ptolemaeus, from Ancient Greek Πτολεμαῖος (Ptolemaîos).


Txetxènia

[t͡ʃəˈt͡ʃɛ.ni.ə]

Chechnya (a republic of the northern Caucasus of Russia; capital: Grozny)


Heraclea

(historical) Heraclea (the name of numerous Hellenistic cities named after Heracles)


Txèquia

Czech Republic, Czechia (a country in Central Europe; official name: República Txeca)


Carolina del Sud

South Carolina (a state of the United States)


Fraga

Fraga (a town in Bajo Cinca, Huesca, Aragon, Spain)


Abkhàzia

Abkhazia (territory in the Caucasus, Republic of Abkhazia)


Generalitat

the regional government of the Valencian Community


Pallars

From pallar (“covered in straw”), from Latin paleāris, probably in reference to huts with thatched roofs.

A historical territory of Catalonia, now divided into Pallars Sobirà and Pallars Jussà


Jaume

From Late Latin Iacomus, alteration of Latin Iācōbus. Compare Spanish Jaime.

(biblical) James (one of the two Apostles)


Bernat

a male given name, equivalent to English Bernard


Gaudí

From a personal name cognate to Old French Gaudin, from gaut (“woods”), from Frankish *walþu (“woods, woodland”), or from a hypocoristic form of any one of several Germanic personal names beginning with the element *waldą (“force”).

Antoni Gaudí, a Catalan architect who is known for the Sagrada Familia


Urgell

From Latin Urgellum, from Iberian *uŕki or related to Basque ur.

A historical county of Catalonia, divided into the modern comarques of Alt Urgell, Noguera, Solsonès, Pla d'Urgell, Baix Urgell, and the country of Andorra


Tremp

From a pre-Roman form *Trimplo, of uncertain origin.

The capital of Pallars Jussà, in the province of Lleida, Catalonia


Ramon

a male given name, equivalent to English Raymond


Milà

Milan (the capital city of Lombardy, Italy)

Milan (a metropolitan city of Lombardy, Italy)


Cèsar

Borrowed from Latin Caesar. Doublet of kàiser and tsar.


Castelló

Castellón de la Plana
Castellón de la Plana#English

Castellón (a province of Valencia, Spain; capital: Castellón de la Plana)


Lícia

Lycia (a historical region and province of the Roman Empire, located in Asia Minor)


Biel

a diminutive of the male given name Gabriel


Holanda Meridional

South Holland (a province of the Netherlands)


Picardia

Picardy (a former administrative region and historical province of France; since 2016, part of the administrative region of Hauts-de-France)


Sanç

a male given name, equivalent to English Sancho


Sebastià

a male given name, equivalent to English Sebastian


Tebes

Thebes (a city in Egypt), located on the site of present-day Luxor


Tòquio

From Japanese 東京 (Tōkyō, literally “eastern capital”).

der

Tokyo (a prefecture, the capital city of Japan)


Borgonya

From earlier Burgunya or Borgunya, from French Bourgogne, from Late Latin Burgundia.

Burgundy (a historical region in France, now part of the region of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté)


Babilònia

Borrowed from Latin Babylonia, from Ancient Greek Βαβυλωνία (Babulōnía).

Babylon (an ancient city in Mesopotamia)


Munic

Borrowed from French Munich, from Middle High German Munichen, from Old High German munihum, dative plural of munih (“monk”), from Ancient Greek μοναχός (monakhós).

Munich (the capital and largest city of Bavaria, Germany)


Andreu

a male given name, equivalent to English Andrew


Ribagorça

From Latin rīpa (“riverbank”) and a pre-Roman element of uncertain meaning.

A historical county of the Kingdom of Aragon which reverted to the Spanish Crown in 1598

Ribagorza (a historical region in Aragon and Catalonia, consisting of the southern portion of the mediaeval county)

Ribagorza (a comarca in Aragon, Spain; capitals: Graus and Benavarri). It represents the western half of the aforementioned historic region, the eastern half forming the Catalan comarca of Alta Ribagorça


Carcassona

Holonym: Aude

Carcassonne (a city in Aude, region of Occitania, France)


Guinea Equatorial

Equatorial Guinea
Equatorial Guinea#English:_Q983

Equatorial Guinea (a country in Central Africa)


PSUC

(politics, initialism) initialism of Partit Socialista Unificat de Catalunya, a historical Communist party from Catalonia, de facto dissolved in 1997


Noguera

A comarca in Lleida, Catalonia, Spain, part of the historical County of Urgell


Gàl·lia

Gaul (region corresponding to France and Belgium)


UCD

Unió del Centre Democràtic
w:ca:Unió del Centre Democràtic

Initialism of Unió del Centre Democràtic, a Spanish political party (1977–1983).


Mesopotàmia

Borrowed from Latin Mesopotamia, from Ancient Greek Μεσοποταμία (Mesopotamía).

Mesopotamia (a historical region in the Middle East)

Mesopotamia (a province of the Roman Empire)


Lluïsa

a female given name, equivalent to English Louise or Louisa


Peloponès

Borrowed from Latin Peloponnēsus, from Ancient Greek Πελοπόννησος (Pelopónnēsos).

Πελοπόννησος


Gandia

Gandia (a city in Valencia, Valencia, Spain)


Figueres

Figueres (the administrative capital of Alt Empordà, Girona, Catalonia, Spain)


Cardona

A town in Bages, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain


Julià

a male given name, equivalent to English Julian


Mateu

a male given name, equivalent to English Matthew

(biblical) Matthew (one of the twelve Apostles)


Gènova

Genoa (the capital city of Liguria, Italy)

Genoa (a metropolitan city of Liguria, Italy)


Bohèmia

Bohemia (a region of the Czech Republic)


Alsàcia

Borrowed from Medieval Latin Alsatia, from Old High German ali sazzo (“inhabitant of the other”) (referring to the opposite bank of the Rhine), from Proto-West Germanic *alljas (“other”) + *sittjan (“inhabitant”, literally “sitter”).

q

Alsace (a region, former administrative region, and historical province of France, located on the west bank of the upper Rhine; since 2016, part of the administrative region of Grand Est)


Vaticà

Learned borrowing from Latin Vātī̆cānus (“Vatican Hill”), from vātēs (“soothsayer, oracle”).

lbor

Vatican City (a city-state in Southern Europe, an enclave within the city of Rome, Italy)


Dalí

Possibly from dalí (“stick for fording”), from Arabic دَلِيل (dalīl, “sign, guide”).

(in the masculine) Salvador Dalí (1904–1989), Spanish artist


PSPV

Initialism of Partit Socialista del País Valencià.

initialism

Socialist Party of the Valencian Country


Vila-real

Villareal, A city in Castelló, Valencia, Spain


Nigèria

Nigeria (a country in West Africa, south of the country of Niger)


Seül

Borrowed from Korean 서울 (Seoul, literally “capital city”) via French Séoul.


Sòria

Castile and León
Castile and León#English

Soria (a province of Castile and León, Spain)

Soria (a city in Soria, Castile and León, Spain)


Agustí

a male given name, equivalent to English August or Augustus


Avinyó

Avignon (a city, the capital of the Vaucluse department, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France)


Bordeus

From Latin Burdigala, from a Proto-Celtic root. Compare the Occitan form of the name Occitan Bordèu.

Bordeaux (the capital city of the Gironde department, France; capital city of the region of Nouvelle-Aquitaine)


Saona

Borrowed from French Saône, from Latin Sauconna, from the Celtic/Gaulish river goddess Souconna, from a Proto-Celtic word meaning "the flowing, the suckler," from Proto-Indo-European *sewg-, *sewk-.


Llenguadoc

[ˌʎeŋ.ɡwəˈðɔk]

[ˌʎeŋ.ɡwaˈðɔk]


Llombardia

Lombardy (an administrative region in northern Italy, where its capital and the largest city Milan is founded in the Po Valley)


Germània

(historical) Germania (an ancient region in Central Europe, roughly corresponding to modern Germany)


Genís

From the personal name Genís, variant of Ginés.


Guipúscoa

Guipúzcoa (a province of the Basque Country, Spain)


Il·líria

(historical) Illyria (a province of the Roman Empire)


Mercè

the festival of Our Lady of Mercy, kept on September 24, notably in Barcelona


Moisès

a male given name from Hebrew, equivalent to English Moses


Miró

Borrowed from Latin Myrōn, from Ancient Greek Μύρων (Múrōn). Compare Sicilian Miruni.

a male given name from Latin, equivalent to English Myron


Miró

From a Suebian hypocoristic incorporating the element *mēraz found as a second element in such names as Theodemir and Ariamir.


Niça

Borrowed from Italian, from Latin Nīcaea, from Ancient Greek Νῑ́καια (Nī́kaia). Doublet of Nicea.

Nice (a coastal city, the capital of the Alpes-Maritimes department, in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region in southeast France)


Montseny

Inherited from Latin mōntem signī (literally “mountain of the sign”), from the historical use of the range as a landmark for returning sailors. Equivalent to mont + seny.

inh+

(with the definite article) Montseny (a massif in Catalonia)


Sàhara

Borrowed from Arabic صَحَارَى (ṣaḥārā, “deserts”).


Bertran

a male given name, equivalent to English Bertram


Bearn

Béarn (a historical region in Gascony, France)


Tràcia

Borrowed from Latin Thrācia, from Ancient Greek Θρᾴκη (Thrā́ikē).


Bartomeu

a male given name, equivalent to English Bartholomew


Terol

Teruel (a city in Teruel, Aragon, Spain)


Armanyac

Armagnac (A region and former county of the duchy of Gascony in modern-day France)


Benet

Inherited from Late Latin Benedictus, from benedictus (“blessed; well spoken of”) (whence the Catalan beneit).

a male given name, equivalent to English Benedict


Bàltic

From Medieval Latin Balticus, from Late Latin Balthae (“dwellers near the Baltic sea”). See English Baltic.


Biscaia

Biscay (a province of the Basque Country, Spain)


Edimburg

Edinburgh (the capital city of Scotland)


PCUS

w:ca:Partit Comunista de la Unió Soviètica

(history, politics) CPSU (Initialism of Partit Comunista de la Unió Soviètica.)


Goliat

Learned borrowing from Latin Goliath, from Hebrew גָּלְיָת (golyāṯ).


Roses

a municipality in the comarca of Alt Empordà, Girona


Vesuvi

Holonym: Campània


Cesarea

Caesarea (any of numerous ancient cities in the Roman Empire)


Ladislau

a male given name, equivalent to English Ladislaus


Canàries

autonomous community
autonomous community

Canary Islands (an archipelago and autonomous community of Spain)


ACB

Asociación de Clubs de Baloncesto, an organisation made up of professional Spanish basketball clubs


Llull

Semi-learned borrowing from Medieval Latin Lullus, probably ultimately of Germanic origin (compare German Leute (“tribe, people”)).

slbor

Ramon Llull, a 13th and 14th century writer


Alcalá

Borrowed from Spanish Alcalá, from Arabic القَلْعَة (al-qalʕa, “the citadel, the fort”).

der

the name of a number of cities and towns in Spain


Ageu

(biblical) Haggai (book of the Old Testament)


Dalmàcia

Dalmatia (a traditional region in southern Croatia)

(historical) Dalmatia (a province of the Roman Empire)


Manresa

Manresa (the capital city of the comarca of Bages, in the province of Barcelona, Catalonia)


Friburg

Borrowed from Alemannic German Friburg, probably via French Fribourg.


Reus

Possibly from reu (“defendant in a trial”), but more likely of a pre-Roman substrate of Iberia/Celtic origin. The city is mentioned as Reddis and Resis in medieval documents.

Reus (a city in Tarragona province, Catalonia, Spain)


Caucas

Borrowed from Latin Caucasus, from Ancient Greek Καύκασος (Kaúkasos).


Llúcia

a female given name, equivalent to English Lucy


Jeroni

a male given name, equivalent to English Jerome


Lió

Lyon, Lyons (the capital city of Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France)


Estrasburg

Strasbourg (the capital city of the Bas-Rhin department, France; capital city of the region of Grand Est)


Jordà

Borrowed from Latin Iordanēs, from Ancient Greek Ἰορδάνης (Iordánēs), from Biblical Hebrew יַרְדֵּן (yardén, “Jordan (river)”).

Jordan (a river in Western Asia, in the Middle East, that empties into the Dead Sea, flowing through Israel, the Golan Heights, the West Bank and Jordan)


Granollers

* from granolla (“frog”);
* from Vulgar Latin *grānuculārios (“granaries”), from *grānuculum, diminutive of grānum (“a grain”).

Granollers (the capital of Vallès Oriental, Barcelona, Spain)


Monserrat

a female given name transferred from the place name


Emirats Àrabs Units

LL-Q7026 (cat)-Millars-Emirats Àrabs Units.wav

United Arab Emirates
United Arab Emirates#English:_Q878

United Arab Emirates (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


Beatriu

a female given name, equivalent to English Beatrice


Bellera

A river in Pallars Jussà, Lleida, Catalonia


Climent

a surname, equivalent to English Clement


Àlaba

Álava (a province of the Basque Country, Spain)


Conflent

Northern Catalonia
Northern Catalonia#English

Conflent (a comarca in Northern Catalonia)


Calàbria

administrative region
administrative region

Calabria (a peninsula and administrative region of southern Italy)


Bages

Possibly related to the name of the ancient Roman resort of Catalan Baiae on the Bay of Naples.

Bages (a comarca in the province of Barcelona, Catalonia)


Berga

From Latin Bergistani, the name of an Iberian tribe in the region, of uncertain origin.

Berga (the capital city of the comarca of Berguedà, in the province of Barcelona, Catalonia)


Berguedà

Berguedà (a comarca in the province of Barcelona, Catalonia)


Castellnou

From castell (“castle”) + nou (“new”). Compare English Newcastle, French Neuchâtel, Italian Castelnuovo, etc.

Castellnou (the name of various towns in Catalonia)


Balaguer

Borrowed from Andalusian Arabic بلغي (“Balàghey”).

bor+

Balaguer: a surname transferred from the place name

Balaguer (a town in Lleida, Catalonia, Spain)


Cerdanya

Inherited from Latin Ceretania, referring to the local pre-Roman tribe of the Ceretani, probably from a pre-Roman substrate of Iberia, perhaps Iberian or Basque (compare harri (“hard, stone, rock”)).

Cerdanya (a historical region of Catalonia currently divided between the provinces of Lleida and Girona in Spain and the Pyrénées-Orientales department in France)


Quim

a diminutive of the male given name Joaquim


Martorell

From Latin martyr + -ellus, literally “little martyrs, place of martyrs”.

af

Martorell (a municipality of Baix Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain)


Martorell

→ English: Martorell

Joanot Martorell (1413–1468), Valencian knight and author of the chivalric romance Tirant lo Blanch


Martorelles

→ English: Martorelles

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *martyrētula (“place of little cemeteries”), from martyr+-ētum+-ulus. Related with Martorell.

inh+

Martorelles (a municipality of Vallès Oriental, Barcelona, Spain)


Baptista

From Joan Baptista (“John the Baptist”).


Cristòfol

Ultimately from Ancient Greek Χρῑστόφορος (Khrīstóphoros, literally “Christ-bearer”). See there for cognates.

der

a male given name, equivalent to English Christopher


Domènec

From Late Latin Dominicus, derived from Dominus (“Lord”).

a male given name from Latin, equivalent to English Dominic


Dàcia

Dacia (an ancient kingdom and province of the Roman Empire; modern Romania and Moldova)


Elionor

a female given name, equivalent to English Eleanor


Fígols

Possibly from a Vulgar Latin *fīculōs, diminutive of fīcōs (“fig trees”).

Fígols (A municipality in the comarca of Berguedà in Catalonia, Spain)


Empordà

Empordà (a historical region the province of Girona, Catalonia, Spain). It is currently divided into two administrative comarques, Alt Empordà and Baix Empordà

a PDO (Protected designation of origin) for wine in northeastern Catalonia comprising two subzones within the larger region of Empordà


Guifré

a male given name, equivalent to English Wilfred


Gavet

From a pre-Roman substrate of Iberia root.

A small village in Pallars Jussà, Catalonia


Sogorb

Segorbe (a municipality of Castellón, Spain)


Guerau

From Old Catalan Guerau, from Frankish *Gaiʀwald.

a male given name from the Germanic languages, equivalent to English Gerald.


Gascunya

Gascony (a former region in France, the southern part of the historical region of Aquitaine)


Isidre

a male given name, equivalent to English Isidore


Hortoneda

A small village in Pallars Jussà, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain


Fèlix

a male given name, equivalent to English Felix


Foix

Foix (the capital city of the Ariège department, France; capital city)

A former county in the region of Comenge, in Occitania, France


Eugeni

a male given name, equivalent to English Eugene


Maurici

Borrowed from Late Latin Mauritius, derived from Maurus (“Moor; dark, swarthy”). Given name popularized by a 3rd-century Roman soldier martyr.

a male given name, equivalent to English Maurice

Mauritius (A country in the Indian Ocean, east of East Africa and Madagascar)

Mauritius (The main island of the country of Mauritius)


Sinaí

Sinai (a peninsula in eastern Egypt, and the only part of the country located in Asia)

Sinai (a mountain in Sinai Peninsula, the location where Moses is said to have received the Ten Commandments from God)


Eulàlia

Borrowed from Latin Eulalia, from Ancient Greek Εὐλαλία (Eulalía), specially used after Eulalia of Barcelona, copatron saint of the city. Cognate with French Eulalie, Galician Olalla, Spanish Eulalia and Asturian Olaya.

a female given name, equivalent to English Eulalie


Eusebi

Borrowed from Latin Eusebius, from Ancient Greek Εὐσέβιος (Eusébios).

a male given name, equivalent to English Eusebius


Anoia

Anoia (a comarca in the province of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; capital: Igualada)


Alcoi

Uncertain. Arabic, Latin, and Iberian etymologies have all been proposed.

Alcoy (a municipality of Alacant, Valencia, Spain)


Merlí

a male given name, equivalent to English Merlin

(Arthurian legend) Merlin (wizard who helped King Arthur)


Vilanova

any of a number of settlements in Catalan-speaking areas


Vallès

A historical territory of Catalonia, Barcelona, now divided into the comarques of Vallès Occidental and Vallès Oriental


Vilafranca

Villefranche (any of a number of towns in France)


Victòria

(Roman mythology) Victoria (Roman goddess)

a female given name, equivalent to English Victoria


Vidal

From Latin vītālis (“vital; life-giving”).