Frankfurt

Frankfurt, Frankfurt-an-der-Oder (a sizable town in Brandenburg, in eastern Germany)


Asp

Aspe (a town in the comarca of Vinalopó Mitjà, Alicante province, Valencia, Spain)


Córdoba

Córdoba (a town and municipality of Bolivar department, Colombia)

Córdoba (a town and municipality of Nariño department, Colombia)

Córdoba (a town and municipality of Quindío department, Colombia)


Vichy

a town in Allier department, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France, the capital of Vichy France during World War II


Angles

Les Angles (a town and commune of Gard department, Occitania, France, historically part of Northern Catalonia)


Elna

Inherited from Latin Helena, from Ancient Greek Ἑλένη (Helénē).

Holonym: Rosselló

Elne (a town in Pyrénées-Orientales department, Occitania, France)


Cànoes

From Canoves, contraction of cases noves (“new houses”).

Canohès (a town and commune of Pyrénées-Orientales department, Occitania, France, historically part of Northern Catalonia)


Cotlliure

First recorded in Latin Castrum Caucoliberi.
Possibly from an Iberian root *kauk- (“bay”) and Latin Illiberi, the ancient name of the town of Elne (in Catalan Elna); interpretable as “port of Illiberi”.
Compare lliure (“free”).

Collioure (a town and commune of Pyrénées-Orientales department, Occitania, France, historically part of Northern Catalonia)


Illa

French: Ille

Inherited from Latin īnsula (“island”), whence also the Catalan noun illa.

Holonym: Rosselló

Ille-sur-Têt (a town in Pyrénées-Orientales department, Occitania)


Montner

From Montnegre, from mont negre (“black mountain”).

Montner (a small town and commune of Pyrénées-Orientales department, Occitania, France, historically part of Northern Catalonia)


Pollestres

Inherited from Latin palūdestris, feminine of palūdester (“swampy, marshy”), from palūs, palūdis (“swamp, marsh”) + -ester.

Pollestres (a town and commune of Pyrénées-Orientales department, Occitania, France, historically part of Northern Catalonia)


Pontellà

Inherited from Latin Pontiliānus, after the given name Pontilius.

Ponteilla (a town and commune of Pyrénées-Orientales department, Occitania, France, historically part of Northern Catalonia)


Salses

Inherited from Latin Salsulās, derived from salsus (“salty”), so-called due to the presence of nearby salt mines.

Salses-le-Château (a town and commune of Pyrénées-Orientales department, Occitania, France, historically part of Northern Catalonia)


Tuïr

Seemingly from Latin villa tugurii (“farm of the hut”).

Thuir (a town and commune of Pyrénées-Orientales department, Occitania, France, historically part of Northern Catalonia)


Vingrau

Maybe from vint graons (“twenty steps”), but more probably from the Germanic given name Winigaud or from vin (“wine”) + grau (“degree, grade”).

Vingrau (a small town and commune of Pyrénées-Orientales department, Occitania, France, historically part of Northern Catalonia)


Tesà

Inherited from Latin Titiānus (“Titian”), whence also Ticià, from Titius.

inh+

Théza (a small town and commune of Pyrénées-Orientales department, Occitania, France, historically part of Northern Catalonia)


Alcàsser

Borrowed from Arabic اَلْقَصْر (al-qaṣr, “the castle”), itself from Latin castrum (“castle”). Cognate with the Spanish toponym Alcácer.

bor+

Valencian Community
Valencian Community#English

a town in the Horta Sud district, Valencian Community, Spain


El Voló

From a Latin accusative Volōnem of uncertain origin.

Le Boulou (a town and commune of Pyrénées-Orientales department, Occitania, France)


Alcúdia de Crespins

L'Alcúdia de Crespins (canonical feminine)

Vila of the Costera district, in the Valencian Community (Spain)


Eliana

town of the Camp de Túria district, in the Valencian Community (Spain)


l'Alguer

Unclear origin. Most straightforwardly, l' + alga (“seaweed”) + -er (adjective-forming suffix). Relatedly, a Medieval Latin Aleguerium (literally “stagnation of seaweed”) has also been proposed. In either case, ultimately from Latin alga.

af

Alghero (a city and port town in Sardinia, Italy)


Pià

Inherited from Latin Appiānus, from the given name Appius.

Pia (a town and commune of Pyrénées-Orientales department, Occitania, France, historically part of Northern Catalonia)


Clairà

Inherited from Latin Clāriānus, from the given name Clārius.

Claira (a town and commune of Pyrénées-Orientales department, Occitania, France)


Serrallonga

town of the Vallespir district, in the Northern Catalonia, now part of the Pyrénées-Orientales department in France


Prats de Molló i la Presta

ca-proper noun

Prats de Molló i la Presta m pl (plural only)

Vila of the Vallespir district, in the Northern Catalonia, now part of the Pyrénées-Orientales department in France


Arles

→ French: Arles

Holonym: Vallespir

Arles-sur-Tech (a town and commune of Pyrénées-Orientales department, Occitania, France, historically part of Northern Catalonia)


Banys i Palaldà

Els Banys i Palaldà (canonical masculine plural)

Amélie-les-Bains-Palalda (a town and commune of Pyrénées-Orientales department, Occitania, France, historically part of Northern Catalonia)


Ceret

French: Céret

Holonym: Vallespir

Céret (a small town in Pyrénées-Orientales department, Occitania)


Santa Eulària des Riu

Vila of Ibiza, one of the Balearic Islands (Spain)


Sant Joan de Labritja

[ˈsaɲ ʒuˈan də ləˈβɾi.d͡ʒə]

Balearic Islands
Balearic Islands#English

a town on Ibiza, Balearic Islands, Spain


Sant Josep de sa Talaia

town of Ibiza, one of the Balearic Islands, Spain


Font-rabiosa

→ French: Fontrabiouse

Northern Catalonia
Northern Catalonia#English

a town and commune of Capcir district, Pyrénées-Orientales department, Occitania, in the historical region of Northern Catalonia


Formiguera

town and capital of the Capcir district, in the Northern Catalonia, now part of the Pyrénées-Orientales department in France


Llaguna

town of the Capcir district, in the Northern Catalonia, now part of the Pyrénées-Orientales department in France


Real

Ral (alternative)
Ral i Ordelló (alternative)


Vilaller

Vila of the Alta Ribagorça district, in Catalonia


Vall de Boí

a town in Alta Ribagorça, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain


Garraf

Borrowed from Arabic غَرَّاف (ḡarrāf, “copious stream of water”), from غَرَفَ (ḡarafa, “to lade out”).

bor+

a town in Sitges municipality, Garraf, Barcelona province, Catalonia, Spain


Xixona

a town in Alacantí district, Valencian Community, Spain


Delfos

Delphi (a modern town in Phocis, Greece, near the sanctuary)


Blanes

→ English: Blanes

→ Spanish: Blanes

From Latin Blandae, from blandus (“pleasant”).

Blanes (a town in Selva, Girona, Catalonia, Spain)


Pals

a town in Baix Empordà, Girona, Catalonia


Narbona

Narbonne (a town and commune in Aude department, Occitania, southern France)


Fraga

Fraga (a town in Bajo Cinca, Huesca, Aragon, Spain)


Cardona

a town in Bages, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain


Montseny

Inherited from Latin mōntem signī (literally “mountain of the sign”), from the historical use of the range as a landmark for returning sailors. Equivalent to mont + seny.


Alcalá

Borrowed from Spanish Alcalá, from Arabic القَلْعَة (al-qalʕa, “the citadel, the fort”).

der

the name of a number of cities and towns in Spain


Balaguer

Borrowed from Andalusian Arabic بلغي (“Balàghey”).

bor+

Balaguer (a town in Lleida, Catalonia, Spain)


Castellnou

From castell (“castle”) + nou (“new”). Compare English Newcastle, French Neuchâtel, Italian Castelnuovo, etc.

Castellnou (the name of various towns in Catalonia)


Sitges

a town in Garraf district, Barcelona province, Catalonia, Spain


Tiberíades

Borrowed from Latin Tiberiadis, genitive of Tiberias, from Ancient Greek Τιβεριάς (Tiberiás). Named after Roman Emperor Tiberius.


Rocafort

a town, a municipality of Valencia, Valencian Community, Spain


Guernica

Guernica (a town in Gernika-Lumo, Biscay, Basque Country, Spain, known as the site of a bombing which was painted by Pablo Picasso)


Verkhoiansk

Borrowed from Russian Верхоянск (Verxojansk).

Verkhoyansk (a town in Sakha, Russia, known for being one of the coldest inhabited places on Earth)


Cadaqués

Contraction of cap de quers (“cape of rocks”).

a coastal town in Girona, Catalonia, Spain


Lanamesa

Lannemezan (a town in Hautes-Pyrénées department, France)


Sóller

Unknown; probably of pre-Roman origin. (The popular derivation from s'olla "the pot" is unsupported by documentary evidence, as earlier attestations consistently show final -r.)


La Jonquera

Meronym: Requesens


Bompàs

French: Bompas

Bompas (a town and commune of Pyrénées-Orientales department, Occitania, France, historically part of Northern Catalonia)


Arles de Tec

Arles-sur-Tech (a town and commune of Pyrénées-Orientales department, Occitania, France, historically part of Northern Catalonia)


Agramunt

Agramunt (a town and municipality of Lleida, Catalonia, Spain)


Guissona

→ Spanish: Guisona

Guissona (a town and municipality of Lleida, Catalonia, Spain)


Cambrils

Cambrils (a town and municipality of Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain)


Calafell

Calafell (a town and municipality of Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain)


Vilanova i la Geltrú

→ Spanish: Villanueva y Geltrú

Vilanova i la Geltrú
Vilanova i la Geltrú#English

Vilanova i la Geltrú (a town and municipality of Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain)


Vilafranca del Penedès

→ Spanish: Villafranca del Panadés

Vilafranca del Penedès
Vilafranca del Penedès#English

Vilafranca del Penedès (a town and municipality of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain)


Sant Pere de Ribes

→ Spanish: San Pedro de Ribas

Sant Pere de Ribes
Sant Pere de Ribes#English

Sant Pere de Ribes (a town and municipality of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain)


Banyoles

→ Spanish: Bañolas

Banyoles (a town and municipality of Girona, Catalonia, Spain)


Argelers

French: Argelès-sur-Mer

Argelès-sur-Mer (a town and commune of Pyrénées-Orientales department, Occitania, France, historically part of Northern Catalonia)


Canet de Rosselló

French: Canet-en-Roussillon

Canet-en-Roussillon (a town and commune of Pyrénées-Orientales department, Occitania, France)


Vilallonga de la Salanca

→ French: Villelongue-de-la-Salanque

[ˌbi.ləˈʎoŋ.ɡə ðə lə səˈlaŋ.kə]

[ˌvi.ləˈʎoŋ.ɡə ðə lə səˈlaŋ.kə]

Villelongue-de-la-Salanque (a town and commune of Pyrénées-Orientales department, Occitania, France)


Sant Llorenç de la Salanca

→ French: Saint-Laurent-de-la-Salanque

Saint-Laurent-de-la-Salanque (a town and commune of Pyrénées-Orientales department, Occitania, France)


Cardedeu

From quer (“rock”) + de (“of”) + Déu (“God”).

a town in Vallès Oriental, Barcelona, Spain


Sant Celoni

Sant Celoni (a town and municipality of Catalonia, Spain)


Clèveris

North Rhine-Westphalia
North Rhine-Westphalia#English

Kleve (a town and district North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany)


Gurb

Gurb (a small town and municipality of Osona, Catalonia)


Manlleu

Manlleu (a town and municipality of Osona, Catalonia)