бърчина

bg-noun

бърчи́на or бъ́рчина • (bǎrčína or bǎ́rčina) f

бърчи́на (canonical)
бъ́рчина (canonical)
bǎrčína (romanization)
bǎ́rčina (romanization)
бърчи́на (indefinite singular)
бъ́рчина (indefinite singular)
бърчи́ни (indefinite plural)
бъ́рчини (indefinite plural)
бърчи́ната (definite singular)
бъ́рчината (definite singular)
бърчи́ните (definite plural)
бъ́рчините (definite plural)

bg-ndecl

бърчи́на<>, бъ́рчина<>

Simplified from an earlier бърдчи́на (bǎrdčína), an augmentative form of бърдец (bǎrdec, “hillock”) (obsolete, dialectal), possibly under the phonetic influence of Bulgarian бъ́рча (bǎ́rča, “to wrinkle”). Equivalent to бърдо (bǎrdo) + -чина (-čina).


стръмнина

bg-noun

стръмнина́ • (strǎmniná) f

стръмнина́ (canonical)
strǎmniná (romanization)
стръмнина́ (indefinite singular)
стръмнини́ (indefinite plural)
стръмнина́та (definite singular)
стръмнини́те (definite plural)

bg-ndecl

стръмнина́<>

стръмен (strǎmen, “steep”) + -ина (-ina)


урва

bg-noun

у́рва • (úrva) f

у́рва (canonical)
úrva (romanization)
у́рва (indefinite singular)
у́рви (indefinite plural)
у́рвата (definite singular)
у́рвите (definite plural)

From Proto-Slavic *urъva, likely originally a resultant noun from у- (u-) + ръ́вам (rǎ́vam, “to bite, to rupture”). Akin to Polish urwisko (“cliff”), Ukrainian у́рвище (úrvyšče, “cliff”).

prefix

steep dale, precipice (geological formation)

→ Ри́ла

ри́ло (rílo, “snout; digging tool”) (dialectal)


пазина

bg-noun

па́зина or пазина́ • (pázina or paziná) f

па́зина (canonical)
пазина́ (canonical)
pázina (romanization)
paziná (romanization)
па́зина (indefinite singular)
пазина́ (indefinite singular)
па́зини (indefinite plural)
пазини́ (indefinite plural)
па́зината (definite singular)
пазина́та (definite singular)
па́зините (definite plural)
пазини́те (definite plural)

bg-ndecl

па́зина<>, пазина́<>

From Proto-Slavic *pazina, *pažina, formed from па́за (páza, “split; bosom”) (dialectal) + -ина (-ina).

affix

(rare, mostly obsolete) fissure, vent in the ground or on a glacier (geological formation)


карстова фуния

bg-noun

ка́рстова фуни́я

ка́рстова фуни́я • (kárstova funíja) n

ка́рстова фуни́я (canonical)
kárstova funíja (romanization)
ка́рстова фуни́я (indefinite singular)
ка́рстови фуни́и (indefinite plural)
ка́рстовата фуни́я (definite singular)
ка́рстовите фуни́и (definite plural)

bg-ndecl

ка́рстова<#> фуни́я<>

LL-Q7918 (bul)-Kiril kovachev-карстова фуния.wav

ка́рстов (kárstov, “karst”) + фуни́я (funíja, “funnel”)

compound

sinkhole, swallet (hole or depression resulting from the collapse of an underground cavity that was formed by karst processes)


дълбей

bg-noun

дъ́лбей • (dǎ́lbej) m

дъ́лбей (canonical)
dǎ́lbej (romanization)
дъ́лбей (indefinite singular)
дъ́лбеи (indefinite plural)
дъ́лбеят (definite singular subjective)
дъ́лбеите (definite plural subjective)
дъ́лбея (definite objective singular)
дъ́лбеите (definite objective plural)
дъ́лбея (count-form plural)

From Proto-Slavic *dьlbьjь or *dьlbějь. Equivalent to дълба́я (dǎlbája, “to delve”) + -ей (-ej).

дълбочина́

дълбо́к (dǎlbók, “deep”)

groove, socket, concave slot (where another part fits into)


жрело

bg-noun

жрело́ • (žreló) n

жрело́ (canonical)
žreló (romanization)
жрело́ (indefinite singular)
жрела́ (indefinite plural)
жрело́то (definite singular)
жрела́та (definite plural)

From Proto-Slavic *žerdlo. Formed from the nowadays obsolete жра (žra, “to gobble”) + -ло (-lo, “instrumental suffix”).

affix

ждрело́ — with epenthetic -д- between жр-


върло

bg-adv

въ́рло • (vǎ́rlo) (comparative по́-въ́рло, superlative на́й-въ́рло)

въ́рло (canonical)
vǎ́rlo (romanization)
по́-въ́рло (comparative)
на́й-въ́рло (superlative)

Adverbial form of върл (vǎrl, “fierce, abrupt”) + -о (-o) (reflects Proto-Slavic *vьrlo).


пъртина

bg-noun

пърти́на • (pǎrtína) f

пърти́на (canonical)
pǎrtína (romanization)
пърти́на (indefinite singular)
пърти́ната (definite singular)

bg-ndecl

пърти́на</n:sg>

From Proto-Slavic *pьrtina, akin to English ford.

(by extension) passage, pathway through a forest/wasteland/marshland (geological formation)


фиорд

fiord (romanization)
фио́рд (indefinite singular)
фио́рди (indefinite plural)
фио́рдът (definite singular subjective)
фио́рдите (definite plural subjective)
фио́рда (definite objective singular)
фио́рдите (definite objective plural)
фио́рда (count-form plural)

Borrowed from a western language, ultimately from Old Norse fjǫrðr. Related to the native Bulgarian пърти́на (pǎrtína, “passage, corridor through snow/wilderness”).

cog

fjord (prolonged inlet between rocky cliffs)


каменна река

bg-noun

ка́менна река́

ка́менна река́ • (kámenna reká) n

ка́менна река́ (canonical)
kámenna reká (romanization)
ка́менна река́ (indefinite singular)
ка́менни реки́ (indefinite plural)
ка́менната река́ (definite singular)
ка́менните реки́ (definite plural)

bg-ndecl

ка́менна<#> река́<>

LL-Q7918 (bul)-Kiril kovachev-каменна река.wav

ка́менен (kámenen, “stony”) + река́ (reká, “river”)

compound

stone run (accumulation of rocks resulting from erosion, resembling a river)


прегиня

bg-noun

преги́ня • (pregínja) f

преги́ня (canonical)
pregínja (romanization)
преги́ня (indefinite singular)
преги́ни (indefinite plural)
преги́нята (definite singular)
преги́ните (definite plural)

From Old Church Slavonic прѣгꙑн҄и (prěgynʹi), reflecting Proto-Slavic *pergyni. Probably akin to Gothic 𐍆𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌲𐌿𐌽𐌹 (fairguni, “mountain”).


напластяване

напластя́ване

напластя́ване • (naplastjávane) m

напластя́ване (canonical)
naplastjávane (romanization)
напластя́ване (indefinite singular)
напластя́вания (indefinite plural)
напластя́ването (definite singular)
напластя́ванията (definite plural)

bg-ndecl

напластя́ване<>

Action/resultant noun of напластя́ (naplastjá, “to stratify”) + -ване (-vane).


дайка

bg-noun

да́йка • (dájka) f

да́йка (canonical)
dájka (romanization)
да́йка (indefinite singular)
да́йки (indefinite plural)
да́йката (definite singular)
да́йките (definite plural)

Borrowed from English dike, dyke, interpreted as a feminine noun. Akin to Bulgarian ди́га (díga, “digue”) (French borrowing) and Proto-Slavic *děgъ (“scar, mark”), Lithuanian dáigas (“shoot, bud”).

(geology) sheet of rock between other layers of rock (formed from magmatic or sedimentary processes)


увал

ува́л • (uvál) m

ува́л (canonical)
uvál (romanization)
ува́л (indefinite singular)
ува́ли (indefinite plural)
ува́лът (definite singular subjective)
ува́лите (definite plural subjective)
ува́ла (definite objective singular)
ува́лите (definite objective plural)
ува́ла (count-form plural)

From Proto-Slavic *uvalъ. Morphologically formed as у- (u-) + вал (val, “embankment, bank”).


зъбер

зъ́бер • (zǎ́ber) m

зъ́бер (canonical)
zǎ́ber (romanization)
зъ́бер (indefinite singular)
зъ́бери (indefinite plural)
зъ́берът (definite singular subjective)
зъ́берите (definite plural subjective)
зъ́бера (definite objective singular)
зъ́берите (definite objective plural)
зъ́бера (count-form plural)


спида

спи́да or спида́ • (spída or spidá) f

спи́да (canonical)
спида́ (canonical)
spída (romanization)
spidá (romanization)
спи́да (indefinite singular)
спида́ (indefinite singular)
спи́ди (indefinite plural)
спиди́ (indefinite plural)
спи́дата (definite singular)
спида́та (definite singular)
спи́дите (definite plural)
спиди́те (definite plural)

bg-ndecl

спи́да<>, спида́<>

Possibly back-formed from Bulgarian аспи́да (aspída, “asp viper”) with semantic shift viper → dangerous, biting → whirlwind.

(dialectal) cold torrent wind, whirlwind (that causes sleet, hoarfrost)


форма на релефа

bg-noun

фо́рма на реле́фа

фо́рма на реле́фа • (fórma na reléfa) n

фо́рма на реле́фа (canonical)
fórma na reléfa (romanization)
фо́рма на реле́фа (indefinite singular)
фо́рми на реле́фа (indefinite plural)
фо́рмата на реле́фа (definite singular)
фо́рмите на реле́фа (definite plural)

bg-ndecl

фо́рма<> на реле́фа

форма (forma, “form”) + на (na) + релеф (relef, “relief”)


преслап

bg-noun

пре́слап • (préslap) m

пре́слап (canonical)
préslap (romanization)
пре́слап (indefinite singular)
пре́слапи (indefinite plural)
пре́слапът (definite singular subjective)
пре́слапите (definite plural subjective)
пре́слапа (definite objective singular)
пре́слапите (definite objective plural)
пре́слапа (count-form plural)

From Proto-Slavic *persolpъ, *perslopъ, formed as пре- (pre-) + слап (slap, “slant, tilt”) (dialectal). Cognate with Serbo-Croatian пресла̏п, пријеслоп (dialectal), Czech přislop, Polish przesłop, Slovak prieslop, Ukrainian пересліп (pereslip) (dialectal) (whence the typonym Переслоп).

prefix

(dialectal) col, saddle (fall between two uphills)


навлак

bg-noun

на́влак • (návlak) m

на́влак (canonical)
návlak (romanization)
на́влак (indefinite singular)
на́влаци (indefinite plural)
на́влакът (definite singular subjective)
на́влаците (definite plural subjective)
на́влака (definite objective singular)
на́влаците (definite objective plural)
на́влака (count-form plural)

From Proto-Slavic *navolkъ, formed as на- (na-) + влак (vlak, “drag, train”).


отсед

отсе́д • (otséd) m (relational adjective отсе́ден)

отсе́д (canonical)
otséd (romanization)
отсе́ден (adjective relational)
отсе́д (indefinite singular)
отсе́ди (indefinite plural)
отсе́дът (definite singular subjective)
отсе́дите (definite plural subjective)
отсе́да (definite objective singular)
отсе́дите (definite objective plural)
отсе́да (count-form plural)

From от- (ot-) + сяд (sjad, “seating, set”), an action noun of Bulgarian отся́дам (otsjádam, “to offset, to change seats”).

cog

(geology) transcurrent fault, wrench fault (horizontal slipping along the fault line)


възсед

bg-noun

възсе́д • (vǎzséd) m (relational adjective възсе́ден)

възсе́д (canonical)
vǎzséd (romanization)
възсе́ден (adjective relational)
възсе́д (indefinite singular)
възсе́ди (indefinite plural)
възсе́дът (definite singular subjective)
възсе́дите (definite plural subjective)
възсе́да (definite objective singular)
възсе́дите (definite objective plural)
възсе́да (count-form plural)

From въз- (vǎz-) + сяд (sjad, “seating, set”), an action noun of Bulgarian възся́дам (vǎzsjádam, “to mount, to sit atop of”).

cog

(geology) reverse fault (relative rising of one fault wall over the other)


разсед

bg-noun

разсе́д • (razséd) m (relational adjective разсе́ден)

разсе́д (canonical)
razséd (romanization)
разсе́ден (adjective relational)
разсе́д (indefinite singular)
разсе́ди (indefinite plural)
разсе́дът (definite singular subjective)
разсе́дите (definite plural subjective)
разсе́да (definite objective singular)
разсе́дите (definite objective plural)
разсе́да (count-form plural)

From раз- (raz-) + сяд (sjad, “seating, set”), an action noun of Bulgarian разся́дам (razsjádam, “to downgrade, to upset”).

cog

(geology) normal fault (relative downslide of one fault wall along another)


вдлъбнатина

bg-noun

вдлъбнатина́

вдлъбнатина́ • (vdlǎbnatiná) f

вдлъбнатина́ (canonical)
vdlǎbnatiná (romanization)
вдлъбнатина́ (indefinite singular)
вдлъбнатини́ (indefinite plural)
вдлъбнатина́та (definite singular)
вдлъбнатини́те (definite plural)

bg-ndecl

вдлъбнатина́<>

вдлъбна́т (vdlǎbnát, “concave”) + -ина (-ina).

affix

(by extension) small depression (geological formation)


ропа

ро́па (canonical)
rópa (romanization)
ро́пка (diminutive)
ро́па (indefinite singular)
ро́пи (indefinite plural)
ро́пата (definite singular)
ро́пите (definite plural)

(dialectal) cavity, hole, small depression (geological formation)


нирец

нире́ц (canonical)
niréc (romanization)
ни́рка (feminine)
нире́ц (indefinite singular)
нирци́ (indefinite plural)
нире́цът (definite singular subjective)
нирци́те (definite plural subjective)
нире́ца (definite objective singular)
нирци́те (definite objective plural)
нире́ца (count-form plural)
нире́цо (singular vocative)
нирци́ (plural vocative)

bg-ndecl

нире́ц<*(v)>

From Proto-Slavic *nyrьcь, *nyrikъ, *nyrъkъ (“diver”). Cognate with Russian ныре́ц (nyréc, “diver”), ныро́к (nyrók, “diving duck, pochard”), Ukrainian нуре́ць (nurécʹ), пронуро́к (pronurók, “dipper (bird)”), Polish nurzyk (“guillemot”).

ма́лък нире́ц

also called америка́нски нире́ц (amerikánski niréc)

гмуре́ц

neoavian diving bird, similar to goosander

goosander, merganser, sawbill (diving sea duck of genus Mergus)


възвишение

bg-noun

възвише́ние • (vǎzvišénie) n

възвише́ние (canonical)
vǎzvišénie (romanization)
възвише́ние (indefinite singular)
възвише́ние (indefinite plural)
възвише́ние (definite singular)
възвише́ние (definite plural)

Action noun of Bulgarian възвися́ (vǎzvisjá, “to rise above, to uplift”) + -ение (-enie).

cog

upland, elevation (geological formation higher than the surrounding lands)


ровина

bg-noun

рови́на • (rovína) f

рови́на (canonical)
rovína (romanization)
рови́на (indefinite singular)
рови́ни (indefinite plural)
рови́ната (definite singular)
рови́ните (definite plural)

From Proto-Slavic *rovina, morphologically equivalent to ров (rov, “ditch”) + -ина (-ina). Cognate with Czech rovina (“plain, level”).


роветина

рове́тина • (rovétina) f

рове́тина (canonical)
rovétina (romanization)
рове́тина (indefinite singular)
рове́тини (indefinite plural)
рове́тината (definite singular)
рове́тините (definite plural)

ро́вя (róvja, “to dig”) + -етина (-etina)


канара

bg-noun

канара́ • (kanará) f

канара́ (canonical)
kanará (romanization)
канара́ (indefinite singular)
канари́ (indefinite plural)
канара́та (definite singular)
канари́те (definite plural)

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish كناره (känarä, “edge, margin”), from Persian کناره (kanâre, “edge, side”). Compare кена́р (kenár) from Ottoman Turkish كنار (känar, “edge, margin”) from Persian کنار (kanâr, “edge, side”).


речна тераса

bg-noun

ре́чна тера́са

ре́чна тера́са • (réčna terása) f

ре́чна тера́са (canonical)
réčna terása (romanization)
ре́чна тера́са (indefinite singular)
ре́чни тера́си (indefinite plural)
ре́чната тера́са (definite singular)
ре́чните тера́си (definite plural)

bg-ndecl

ре́чна<#> тера́са<>

ре́чен (réčen, “stony”) + тера́са (terása, “terrace”)

compound

river terrace (step-layer landform formed around the flanks of а river)


джунгла

bg-noun

джу́нгла • (džúngla) f

джу́нгла (canonical)
džúngla (romanization)
джу́нгла (indefinite singular)
джу́нгли (indefinite plural)
джу́нглата (definite singular)
джу́нглите (definite plural)


депресия

депре́сия • (deprésija) f

депре́сия (canonical)
deprésija (romanization)
депре́сия (indefinite singular)
депре́сии (indefinite plural)
депре́сията (definite singular)
депре́сиите (definite plural)

(geology) depression (concave geological formation lower the surrounding ground level)


лесище

ле́сище • (lésište) n

ле́сище (canonical)
lésište (romanization)
ле́сище (indefinite singular)
ле́сища (indefinite plural)
ле́сището (definite singular)
ле́сищата (definite plural)

From Proto-Slavic *lěsišče, an augmentative form of лес (les, “forest”) + -ище (-ište).


багня

багня́ • (bagnjá) f

багня́ (canonical)
bagnjá (romanization)
багня́ (indefinite singular)
багни́ (indefinite plural)
багня́та (definite singular)
багни́те (definite plural)

Probably from Proto-Slavic *bagňa, ja-stem variant of Proto-Slavic *bagno (“bog, quag”). Attested in toponyms and derivatives.

(dialectal, obsolete) hot spring → geothermal body of water


багня

bg-verb

ба́гня • (bágnja) first-singular present indicative, impf

ба́гня (canonical)
bágnja (romanization)
ба́гнещ (active indefinite masculine participle present)
ба́гнил (active aorist indefinite masculine participle past)
багни́л (active aorist indefinite masculine participle past)
ба́гнел (active imperfect indefinite masculine participle past)
ба́гнейки (adverbial indefinite masculine participle)
ба́гнещият (active definite masculine participle present subjective)
ба́гнилият (active aorist definite masculine participle past subjective)
багни́лият (active aorist definite masculine participle past subjective)
ба́гнейки (adverbial definite masculine participle subjective)
ба́гнещия (active definite masculine objective participle present)
ба́гнилия (active aorist definite masculine objective participle past)
багни́лия (active aorist definite masculine objective participle past)
ба́гнейки (adverbial definite masculine objective participle)
ба́гнеща (active feminine indefinite participle present)
ба́гнила (active aorist feminine indefinite participle past)
багни́ла (active aorist feminine indefinite participle past)
ба́гнела (active feminine imperfect indefinite participle past)
ба́гнейки (adverbial feminine indefinite participle)
ба́гнещата (active definite feminine participle present)
ба́гнилата (active aorist definite feminine participle past)
багни́лата (active aorist definite feminine participle past)
ба́гнейки (adverbial definite feminine participle)
ба́гнещо (active indefinite neuter participle present)
ба́гнило (active aorist indefinite neuter participle past)
багни́ло (active aorist indefinite neuter participle past)
ба́гнело (active imperfect indefinite neuter participle past)
ба́гнене (indefinite neuter noun-from-verb)
ба́гнейки (adverbial indefinite neuter participle)
ба́гнещото (active definite neuter participle present)
ба́гнилото (active aorist definite neuter participle past)
багни́лото (active aorist definite neuter participle past)
ба́гненето (definite neuter noun-from-verb)
ба́гнейки (adverbial definite neuter participle)
ба́гнещи (active indefinite participle plural present)
ба́гнили (active aorist indefinite participle past plural)
багни́ли (active aorist indefinite participle past plural)
ба́гнели (active imperfect indefinite participle past plural)
ба́гнения (indefinite noun-from-verb plural)
ба́гненета (indefinite noun-from-verb plural)
ба́гнейки (adverbial indefinite participle plural)
ба́гнещите (active definite participle plural present)
ба́гнилите (active aorist definite participle past plural)
багни́лите (active aorist definite participle past plural)
ба́гненията (definite noun-from-verb plural)
ба́гненетата (definite noun-from-verb plural)
ба́гнейки (adverbial definite participle plural)
ба́гня (first-person indicative present singular)
ба́гниш (indicative present second-person singular)
ба́гни (indicative present singular third-person)
ба́гним (first-person indicative plural present)
ба́гните (indicative plural present second-person)
ба́гнят (indicative plural present third-person)
ба́гнех (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
ба́гнеше (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
ба́гнеше (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
ба́гнехме (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
ба́гнехте (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
ба́гнеха (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
ба́гних (aorist first-person indicative singular)
багни́х (aorist first-person indicative singular)
ба́гни (aorist indicative second-person singular)
багни́ (aorist indicative second-person singular)
ба́гни (aorist indicative singular third-person)
багни́ (aorist indicative singular third-person)
ба́гнихме (aorist first-person indicative plural)
багни́хме (aorist first-person indicative plural)
ба́гнихте (aorist indicative plural second-person)
багни́хте (aorist indicative plural second-person)
ба́гниха (aorist indicative plural third-person)
багни́ха (aorist indicative plural third-person)
багни́ (imperative second-person singular)
багне́те (imperative plural second-person)

Simplified from Bulgarian оба́гня (obágnja, “to lamb”).

(reflexive with се) to beget a lamb (for sheep)


млака

bg-noun

мла́ка or млака́ • (mláka or mlaká) f (relational adjective мла́чав)

мла́ка (canonical)
млака́ (canonical)
mláka (romanization)
mlaká (romanization)
мла́чав (adjective relational)
мла́ка (indefinite singular)
млака́ (indefinite singular)
мла́ки (indefinite plural)
млаки́ (indefinite plural)
мла́ката (definite singular)
млака́та (definite singular)
мла́ките (definite plural)
млаки́те (definite plural)

bg-ndecl

мла́ка<>, млака́<c>

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *molka, cognate with Serbo-Croatian мла̏ка (“puddle”), Old East Slavic молокита (molokita, “marsh”). Probably further related to Czech mlkvý (“raw”).
According to some scholars, possibly akin to Proto-Slavic *melko (“milk”) (whence native мля́ко (mljáko)).

cog

backwater, puddle, pool (water that gathers temporarily in lowlands and valleys after heavy rain)


питалище

bg-noun

пита́лище • (pitálište) n

пита́лище (canonical)
pitálište (romanization)
пита́лище (indefinite singular)
пита́лища (indefinite plural)
пита́лището (definite singular)
пита́лищата (definite plural)

From пита́я (pitája, “to feed, to nurture”) + -алище (-alište), mainly attested as an element of compound words.

affix

(rare) rest place, nursing home, hospital


гуда

bg-noun

гу́да • (gúda) f

гу́да (canonical)
gúda (romanization)
гу́да (indefinite singular)
гу́ди (indefinite plural)
гу́дата (definite singular)
гу́дите (definite plural)

Formally reflects Proto-Slavic *gǫda (“funnel-like shape”), akin to Serbo-Croatian гу̀дура (“sharp gorge, ravine”) (dialectal). Further origin uncertain.

cog

(dialectal, obsolescent) funnel-like depression, hole


дърволяк

bg-noun

дърволя́к • (dǎrvolják) m

дърволя́к (canonical)
dǎrvolják (romanization)
дърволя́к (indefinite singular)
дърволя́ци (indefinite plural)
дърволя́кът (definite singular subjective)
дърволя́ците (definite plural subjective)
дърволя́ка (definite objective singular)
дърволя́ците (definite objective plural)
дърволя́ка (count-form plural)


генгерлик

ге́нгерлик • (géngerlik) m

ге́нгерлик (canonical)
géngerlik (romanization)
ге́нгерлик (indefinite singular)
ге́нгерлици (indefinite plural)
ге́нгерликът (definite singular subjective)
ге́нгерлиците (definite plural subjective)
ге́нгерлика (definite objective singular)
ге́нгерлиците (definite objective plural)
ге́нгерлика (count-form plural)

bg-ndecl

ге́нгерлик<>

[ˈɡɛŋɡɛrlik]

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish جنگللك (cengellik) (which has not survived with the suffix in Modern Turkish, but Azerbaijani cəngəllik has).

bor+

wilder place overgrown with vegetation, jungle


Дака

bg-proper noun

Да́ка • (Dáka) f


Емеса

Emesa (ancient city in modern Syria; modern Homs)


Палмира

Палми́ра • (Palmíra) f

Палми́ра (canonical)
Palmíra (romanization)

Palmyra (ancient Semitic city in modern Syria)


юдол

bg-noun

юдо́л • (judól) f

юдо́л (canonical)
judól (romanization)
юдо́л (indefinite plural)
юдо́лта (definite plural)

Etymologically from Proto-Slavic *ǫdolь. By surface analysis, юн- (jun-) + дол (dol, “dale”). Poetic meaning is inherited from Old Church Slavonic ѫдоль (ǫdolĭ).

surf

(figurative, poetic) earthly life, corporal state of existence; (within Christian doctrine) vale of tears

юдо́лнище

юдо́лен (judólen, “corporal, earthly, full with trails”) (poetic)


къжел

bg-noun

къ́жел • (kǎ́žel) m

къ́жел (canonical)
kǎ́žel (romanization)
къ́жел (indefinite singular)
къ́жели (indefinite plural)
къ́желът (definite singular subjective)
къ́желите (definite plural subjective)
къ́жела (definite objective singular)
къ́желите (definite objective plural)
къ́жела (count-form plural)

ку́жель — in dialects where final -ь is preserved

(figurative, by similarity) conical mound, crag or other landform


Харков

bg-proper noun

Ха́рков • (Hárkov)

Ха́рков (canonical)
Hárkov (romanization)

Borrowed from Russian Ха́рьков (Xárʹkov), named after Kharkov River which runs through the city.

bor+

Kharkiv (city in eastern Ukraine, formal capital of Slobozhanshchyna)


Днипро

bg-proper noun

Днипро́ • (Dnipró)

Днипро́ (canonical)
Dnipró (romanization)

Ultimately from Ukrainian Дніпро (Dnipro), named after Dnieper river.

Dnipro (city in central Ukraine, at the convergence of Samara and Dnieper rivers)


морена

bg-noun

море́на • (moréna) f

море́на (canonical)
moréna (romanization)
море́на (indefinite singular)
море́ни (indefinite plural)
море́ната (definite singular)
море́ните (definite plural)


Севастопол

bg-proper noun

севасто́полски

Севасто́пол • (Sevastópol) m (relational adjective севасто́полски)

Севасто́пол (canonical)
Sevastópol (romanization)
севасто́полски (adjective relational)

From Ukrainian Севасто́поль (Sevastópolʹ) and Russian Севасто́поль (Sevastópolʹ), via Greek Σεβαστούπολη (Sevastoúpoli).

bor

Севасто́поль

Севасто́поль

der

Σεβαστούπολη

Sevastopol (a port city in Crimea, internationally recognized as part of Ukraine but de facto in Russia)


Одрин

bg-proper noun

О́дрин • (Ódrin) m (relational adjective одрински)

О́дрин (canonical)
Ódrin (romanization)
одрински (adjective relational)


Атлантически океан

Атланти́чески океа́н

Атланти́чески океа́н • (Atlantíčeski okeán)

Атланти́чески океа́н (canonical)
Atlantíčeski okeán (romanization)
Атланти́чески океа́н (indefinite singular)
Атланти́ческият океа́н (definite singular subjective)
Атланти́ческия океа́н (definite objective singular)

bg-ndecl

Атланти́чески</n:sg/def:Атланти́ческият> океа́н

LL-Q7918 (bul)-Kiril kovachev-Атлантически океан.wav

bg:Атлантически океан


басейн

bg-noun

басе́йн • (baséjn) m

басе́йн (canonical)
baséjn (romanization)
басе́йн (indefinite singular)
басе́йни (indefinite plural)
басе́йнът (definite singular subjective)
басе́йните (definite plural subjective)
басе́йна (definite objective singular)
басе́йните (definite objective plural)
басе́йна (count-form plural)


Мариупол

bg-proper noun

Мариу́пол • (Mariúpol)

Мариу́пол (canonical)
Mariúpol (romanization)

Borrowed from Ukrainian Маріу́поль (Mariúpolʹ), built during Gatherine II's reign as part of the "Greek Project". Named after Maria Feodorovna + Ancient Greek πόλις (pólis, “town”).


Лвов

Ultimately from Old East Slavic Львовъ (Lĭvovŭ) (modern Ukrainian Львів (Lʹviv)), named after Lev Danilovič, a knyaz of Medieval Galisia.


Криви рог

bg-proper noun

Кри́ви рог • (Krívi rog)

Кри́ви рог (canonical)
Krívi rog (romanization)

Equivalent to крив (kriv, “curved”) + рог (rog, “horn”), transliteration of Ukrainian Кривий Ріг (Kryvyj Rih).

compound

Kryvyi Rih (city in central Ukraine, on the banks of Ingulets river)


Запорожие

bg-proper noun

Запоро́жие • (Zaporóžie)

Запоро́жие (canonical)
Zaporóžie (romanization)

From Old Ruthenian Запорожие (Zaporožije), formed as за- (za-, “forward”) + Ukrainian пороги (porohy, “rapids”) + -ие (-ie).

праг

threshold; cognate with the root of the East Slavic word

Zaporizhia (city in central Ukraine, formal center of the Zaporozhian Sech)


Битоля

bg-proper noun

Би́толя • (Bítolja) f

Би́толя (canonical)
Bítolja (romanization)

From earlier Битолꙗ (Bitolja), truncated from Old Church Slavonic обитѣль (obitělĭ, “dwelling”).

der

Bitola (the second largest city in North Macedonia)


Ловеч

bg-proper noun

Ло́веч • (Lóveč) m (relational adjective Ловчански)

Ло́веч (canonical)
Lóveč (romanization)
Ловчански (adjective relational)
Ло́веч (indefinite singular)

From Old Church Slavonic ловьчь (lovĭčĭ, “of a hunter”).

inh

Живе́я в Ло́веч


Хасково

head

Ха́сково • (Háskovo)

Ха́сково (canonical)
Háskovo (romanization)

Derived from Ottoman Turkish خاصكوی (Hasköy)


Гаяна

bg-proper noun

Гая́на • (Gajána) f (relational adjective гая́нски)

Гая́на (canonical)
Gajána (romanization)
гая́нски (adjective relational)
Гая́на (indefinite singular)
Гая́но (singular vocative)


Рио де Жанейро

Ри́о де Жане́йро

Ри́о де Жане́йро • (Río de Žanéjro)

Ри́о де Жане́йро (canonical)
Río de Žanéjro (romanization)

bg:Рио де Жанейро

Rio de Janeiro (a municipality, the state capital of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil)

Southeast Region
Southeast Region#English

Rio de Janeiro (a state of the Southeast Region, Brazil)


дъбак

bg-noun

дъба́к • (dǎbák) m

дъба́к (canonical)
dǎbák (romanization)
дъба́к (indefinite singular)
дъба́ци (indefinite plural)
дъба́кът (definite singular subjective)
дъба́ците (definite plural subjective)
дъба́ка (definite objective singular)
дъба́ците (definite objective plural)
дъба́ка (count-form plural)


липак

липа́к • (lipák) m

липа́к (canonical)
lipák (romanization)
липа́к (indefinite singular)
липа́ци (indefinite plural)
липа́кът (definite singular subjective)
липа́ците (definite plural subjective)
липа́ка (definite objective singular)
липа́ците (definite objective plural)
липа́ка (count-form plural)


дъбрава

дъбра́ва • (dǎbráva) f

дъбра́ва (canonical)
dǎbráva (romanization)
дъбра́ва (indefinite singular)
дъбра́ви (indefinite plural)
дъбра́вата (definite singular)
дъбра́вите (definite plural)
дъбра́во (singular vocative)
дъбра́ви (plural vocative)

bg-ndecl

дъбра́ва<(v)>

From unattested Proto-Slavic *dǫbrъ (“partaining to oak”) + -ава (-ava).

der

дабра́ва — with dialectal pronunciation of proto-Slavic *-ǫ-


Сеара

bg-proper noun

Сеара́ • (Seará)

Сеара́ (canonical)
Seará (romanization)
Сеара́ (indefinite singular)
Сеа́ро (singular vocative)

Northeast Region
Northeast Region#English

Ceará (a state of the Northeast Region, Brazil; capital: Fortaleza)


Харманли

Ха́рманли • (Hármanli)

Ха́рманли (canonical)
Hármanli (romanization)

Harmanli (a town in Haskovo Oblast, a province of Bulgaria)


Балчик

Балчи́к • (Balčík) m (relational adjective балчи́шки)

Балчи́к (canonical)
Balčík (romanization)
балчи́шки (adjective relational)

Balchik (a town in Dobrich Province, Bulgaria)


Карнобат

карноба́тски

Карноба́т • (Karnobát) m (indeclinable, relational adjective карноба́тски)

Карноба́т (canonical)
Karnobát (romanization)
карноба́тски (adjective relational)

Karnobat (a town in southeastern Bulgaria)


Свищов

Свищо́в • (Svištóv) m (relational adjective свищо́вски)

Свищо́в (canonical)
Svištóv (romanization)
свищо́вски (adjective relational)


Шумен

Шу́мен • (Šúmen) m (indeclinable, relational adjective шу́менски)

Шу́мен (canonical)
Šúmen (romanization)
шу́менски (adjective relational)

Shumen (a town and oblast in northeastern Bulgaria)


Гривица

Гри́вица (canonical)
Grívica (romanization)

→ Romanian: Grivița

Grivitsa (a village in Pleven Oblast, in northern Bulgaria).


Чавдар

Чавда́р (canonical)
Čavdár (romanization)

Derived from Classical Persian جاهدار (jāhdār, “dignitary, man of public station”), modified under the influence of Ottoman Turkish چاودار (çavdar, “rye”).

der+

Chavdar (a municipality in eastern Sofia Oblast, Bulgaria).

Chavdar (a village, the administrative seat of Chavdar Municipality, Sofia Oblast, Bulgaria).


Сакар

Sakar (a mountain in southeast Bulgaria).


Южна Африка

bg-proper noun

Ю́жна А́фрика

Ю́жна А́фрика • (Júžna Áfrika) f

Ю́жна А́фрика (canonical)
Júžna Áfrika (romanization)
Ю́жна А́фрика (indefinite singular)
Ю́жна А́фрике (singular vocative)

South Africa (a country in Southern Africa)


Съединени щати

bg-noun

Съедине́ни ща́ти

Съедине́ни ща́ти • (Sǎedinéni štáti) m pl

Съедине́ни ща́ти (canonical)
Sǎedinéni štáti (romanization)
Съедине́ни ща́ти (indefinite plural)
Съедине́ните ща́ти (definite plural)

bg-ndecl

Съедине́ни<#> ща́ти</n:pl>

United States (a country in North America)


Кайро

bg-proper noun

Ка́йро • (Kájro)


лъг

bg-noun

лъг • (lǎg) m (relational adjective лъ́гов or лъ́жен)

lǎg (romanization)
лъ́гов (adjective relational)
лъ́жен (adjective relational)
лъг (indefinite singular)
лъ́гове (indefinite plural)
лъ́зе (indefinite plural rare)
лъ́гът (definite singular subjective)
лъ́говете (definite plural subjective)
лъ́зете (definite plural rare subjective)
лъ́га (definite objective singular)
лъ́говете (definite objective plural)
лъ́зете (definite objective plural rare)
лъ́га (count-form plural)

bg-ndecl

лъг</pl:лъ́гове:лъ́зе􂀿r􂁀>

луг — with dialectal reflexes of Proto-Slavic *-ǫ-

grove, wood, hurst (place overgrown with vegetation)