dazont

da-zont (alternative)
da zont (alternative)

From amzer-da-zont: amzer ("time") + da ("to") + zont (mutation of mont, "to go").


bonreizh

bonreizhoù (plural)
bonreizh (singular unmutated)
vonreizh (mutation-soft singular)
ponreizh (mutation-hard singular)
bonreizhoù (plural unmutated)
vonreizhoù (mutation-soft plural)
ponreizhoù (mutation-hard plural)

From bon (“base”) + reizh (“right”), from Proto-Celtic *bonus + *rextus. Coined in the 1960s as a calque of Irish bunreacht.

Kemmet e vo ar Vonreizh.


ebet

Hep brezhoneg, Breizh ebet.

Without the Breton language, (there is) no Britanny.


Kembre

Wales (a constituent country of the United Kingdom)


geriadur

geriadurioù (plural)
geriadur (singular unmutated)
c'heriadur (mutation-soft singular)
keriadur (mutation-hard singular)
geriadurioù (plural unmutated)
c'heriadurioù (mutation-soft plural)
keriadurioù (mutation-hard plural)

From ger (“word”) + -adur, cognate to Welsh geiriadur.


geriadurioù

geriadur (singular unmutated)
c'heriadur (mutation-soft singular)
keriadur (mutation-hard singular)
geriadurioù (plural unmutated)
c'heriadurioù (mutation-soft plural)
keriadurioù (mutation-hard plural)


-adur

deiz (“day”) + -adur → deiziadur (“calendar”)

ger (“word”) + -adur → geriadur (“dictionary”)

yezh (“language”) + -adur → yezhadur (“grammar”)

To make a noun of another word. The meaning of the noun can vary.


doujañ

doujañ (unmutated)
zoujañ (mutation-soft)
toujañ (mutation-hard)
toujañ (mixed)
doujan (first-person indicative present singular)
doujez (indicative present second-person singular)
douj (indicative present singular third-person)
doujomp (first-person indicative plural present)
doujit (indicative plural present second-person)
doujont (indicative plural present third-person)
doujer (impersonal indicative present)
doujis (first-person indicative preterite singular)
doujjout (indicative preterite second-person singular)
doujas (indicative preterite singular third-person)
doujjomp (first-person indicative plural preterite)
doujjoc'h (indicative plural preterite second-person)
doujjont (indicative plural preterite third-person)
doujjod (impersonal indicative preterite)
doujen (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
doujes (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
douje (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
doujemp (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
doujec'h (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
doujent (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
doujed (imperfect impersonal indicative)
doujin (first-person future indicative singular)
douji (future indicative second-person singular)
doujo (future indicative singular third-person)
doujimp (first-person future indicative plural)
doujot (future indicative plural second-person)
doujint (future indicative plural third-person)
doujor (future impersonal indicative)
doujfen (first-person present singular subjunctive)
doujfes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
doujfe (present singular subjunctive third-person)
doujfemp (first-person plural present subjunctive)
doujfec'h (plural present second-person subjunctive)
doujfent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
doujfed (impersonal present subjunctive)
doujjen (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
doujjes (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
doujje (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
doujjemp (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
doujjec'h (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
doujjent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
doujjed (imperfect impersonal subjunctive)
douj (imperative second-person singular)
doujet (imperative singular third-person)
doujomp (first-person imperative plural)
doujit (imperative plural second-person)
doujent (imperative plural third-person)
o toujañ (first-person participle present second-person singular)
doujet (auxiliary verb: kaout) (participle past)


laezh

From Middle Breton laez, from Old Breton laed, from Proto-Brythonic *llaɨθ, borrowed from Latin lac. Cognates include Welsh llaeth and Cornish leth.

Ur banne laezh.


banne

ur banne bier: a glass of beer


neuze

N'eo ket se ? Petra eo neuze ?


gwin

gwinoù (plural)
gwin (singular unmutated)
win (mutation-soft singular)
kwin (mutation-hard singular)
gwinoù (plural unmutated)
winoù (mutation-soft plural)
kwinoù (mutation-hard plural)

From Proto-Brythonic *gwin, from late Proto-Celtic *wīnom, borrowed from Latin vīnum.


ruz

From Proto-Brythonic *rrʉð, from Proto-Celtic *roudos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rewdʰ-.

gwin ruz


kemmadur

kemmadurioù (plural)
kemmadur (singular unmutated)
gemmadur (mutation-soft singular)
c'hemmadur (mutation-aspirate singular)
kemmadurioù (plural unmutated)
gemmadurioù (mutation-soft plural)
c'hemmadurioù (mutation-aspirate plural)

mutation (grammar; specifically Breton mutations)


personed

person (singular unmutated)
berson (mutation-soft singular)
ferson (mutation-aspirate singular)
personed (plural unmutated)
bersoned (mutation-soft plural)
fersoned (mutation-aspirate plural)


buhez

buhezioù (plural)
buhez (singular unmutated)
vuhez (mutation-soft singular)
puhez (mutation-hard singular)
buhezioù (plural unmutated)
vuhezioù (mutation-soft plural)
puhezioù (mutation-hard plural)


kavout

kavout (unmutated)
gavout (mutation-soft)
c'havout (mutation-aspirate)
kavan (first-person indicative present singular)
kavez (indicative present second-person singular)
kav (indicative present singular third-person)
kavomp (first-person indicative plural present)
kavit (indicative plural present second-person)
kavont (indicative plural present third-person)
kaver (impersonal indicative present)
kavis (first-person indicative preterite singular)
kavjout (indicative preterite second-person singular)
kavas (indicative preterite singular third-person)
kavjomp (first-person indicative plural preterite)
kavjoc'h (indicative plural preterite second-person)
kavjont (indicative plural preterite third-person)
kavjod (impersonal indicative preterite)
kaven (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
kaves (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
kave (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
kavemp (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
kavec'h (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
kavent (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
kaved (imperfect impersonal indicative)
kavin (first-person future indicative singular)
kavi (future indicative second-person singular)
kavo (future indicative singular third-person)
kavimp (first-person future indicative plural)
kavot (future indicative plural second-person)
kavint (future indicative plural third-person)
kavor (future impersonal indicative)
kavfen (first-person present singular subjunctive)
kavfes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
kavfe (present singular subjunctive third-person)
kavfemp (first-person plural present subjunctive)
kavfec'h (plural present second-person subjunctive)
kavfent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
kavfed (impersonal present subjunctive)
kavjen (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
kavjes (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
kavje (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
kavjemp (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
kavjec'h (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
kavjent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
kavjed (imperfect impersonal subjunctive)
kav (imperative second-person singular)
kavet (imperative singular third-person)
kavomp (first-person imperative plural)
kavit (imperative plural second-person)
kavent (imperative plural third-person)
o kavout (first-person participle present second-person singular)
kavoud (alternative)

From Middle Breton caffout, from Proto-Brythonic *kėβɨd, from Proto-Celtic *gabyeti. Compare Cornish kavos and the forms of Welsh cael with an -f- or -ff-.

(reflexive, intransitive, reflexive form: en em gavout) to be at a place, find oneself


kelenn

Attested in the Catholicon as Middle Breton quelenn, from Old Breton colaenn, from Proto-Brythonic *kolɨn, from Proto-Celtic *kolinos (compare Old Irish cuilenn m (“(wood of the) holly-tree”), Cornish kelyn, Welsh celyn), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱol- (“thorn, thorny plant”) (compare English holly), from *ḱel- (“to cut”).


hadañ

hadan (first-person indicative present singular)
hadez (indicative present second-person singular)
had (indicative present singular third-person)
hadomp (first-person indicative plural present)
hadit (indicative plural present second-person)
hadont (indicative plural present third-person)
hader (impersonal indicative present)
hadis (first-person indicative preterite singular)
hadjout (indicative preterite second-person singular)
hadas (indicative preterite singular third-person)
hadjomp (first-person indicative plural preterite)
hadjoc'h (indicative plural preterite second-person)
hadjont (indicative plural preterite third-person)
hadjod (impersonal indicative preterite)
haden (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
hades (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
hade (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
hademp (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
hadec'h (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
hadent (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
haded (imperfect impersonal indicative)
hadin (first-person future indicative singular)
hadi (future indicative second-person singular)
hado (future indicative singular third-person)
hadimp (first-person future indicative plural)
hadot (future indicative plural second-person)
hadint (future indicative plural third-person)
hador (future impersonal indicative)
hadfen (first-person present singular subjunctive)
hadfes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
hadfe (present singular subjunctive third-person)
hadfemp (first-person plural present subjunctive)
hadfec'h (plural present second-person subjunctive)
hadfent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
hadfed (impersonal present subjunctive)
hadjen (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
hadjes (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
hadje (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
hadjemp (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
hadjec'h (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
hadjent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
hadjed (imperfect impersonal subjunctive)
had (imperative second-person singular)
hadet (imperative singular third-person)
hadomp (first-person imperative plural)
hadit (imperative plural second-person)
hadent (imperative plural third-person)
o hadañ (first-person participle present second-person singular)
hadet (auxiliary verb: kaout) (participle past)


melen

From Proto-Brythonic *melɨn, from a derivative of Proto-Celtic *meli (“honey”) (compare Welsh melyn). Can be connected to the notion of 'yellow like honey'.


adarre

Compare Old Irish aitherrech (“repetition”), (whence modern Irish athrach). If related, the oft-cited etymology *ati-ɸeri-rek-om for the Irish word becomes impossible, since the root-final velar should not have been lost in Breton.


kentel

kentelioù (plural)
kentel (singular unmutated)
gentel (mutation-soft singular)
c'hentel (mutation-aspirate singular)
kentelioù (plural unmutated)
gentelioù (mutation-soft plural)
c'hentelioù (mutation-aspirate plural)


prenestr

head

prenestr m (plural prenestroù or prenester)

prenestroù (plural)
prenester (plural)
prenestr (singular unmutated)
brenestr (mutation-soft singular)
frenestr (mutation-aspirate singular)
prenestroù (plural unmutated)
brenestroù (mutation-soft plural)
frenestroù (mutation-aspirate plural)

Borrowed from Old French fenestre and/or Latin fenestra (partly through Proto-Brythonic *fenestr; compare Welsh ffenestr, Cornish fenester).


dindan

dindanon (first-person singular)
dindanomp (first-person plural)
dindanout (second-person singular)
dindanoc'h (plural second-person)
dindanañ (masculine singular third-person)
dindano (masculine plural third-person)
dindani (feminine singular third-person)
dindano (feminine plural third-person)
dindanor (impersonal)


beajiñ

o veajiñ (mutated)
beajiñ (unmutated)
veajiñ (mutation-soft)
peajiñ (mutation-hard)
veajiñ (mixed)
beajan (first-person indicative present singular)
beajez (indicative present second-person singular)
beaj (indicative present singular third-person)
beajomp (first-person indicative plural present)
beajit (indicative plural present second-person)
beajont (indicative plural present third-person)
beajer (impersonal indicative present)
beajis (first-person indicative preterite singular)
beajjout (indicative preterite second-person singular)
beajas (indicative preterite singular third-person)
beajjomp (first-person indicative plural preterite)
beajjoc'h (indicative plural preterite second-person)
beajjont (indicative plural preterite third-person)
beajjod (impersonal indicative preterite)
beajen (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
beajes (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
beaje (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
beajemp (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
beajec'h (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
beajent (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
beajed (imperfect impersonal indicative)
beajin (first-person future indicative singular)
beaji (future indicative second-person singular)
beajo (future indicative singular third-person)
beajimp (first-person future indicative plural)
beajot (future indicative plural second-person)
beajint (future indicative plural third-person)
beajor (future impersonal indicative)
beajfen (first-person present singular subjunctive)
beajfes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
beajfe (present singular subjunctive third-person)
beajfemp (first-person plural present subjunctive)
beajfec'h (plural present second-person subjunctive)
beajfent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
beajfed (impersonal present subjunctive)
beajjen (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
beajjes (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
beajje (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
beajjemp (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
beajjec'h (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
beajjent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
beajjed (imperfect impersonal subjunctive)
beaj (imperative second-person singular)
beajet (imperative singular third-person)
beajomp (first-person imperative plural)
beajit (imperative plural second-person)
beajent (imperative plural third-person)
o veajiñ (first-person participle present second-person singular)
beajet (auxiliary verb: bezañ) (participle past)

Tri martolod yaouank o vonet da veajiñ.

18th C., “Tri Martolod [Three Sailors]”:


burev

burevioù (plural)
burev (singular unmutated)
vurev (mutation-soft singular)
purev (mutation-hard singular)
burevioù (plural unmutated)
vurevioù (mutation-soft plural)
purevioù (mutation-hard plural)


erv

From Proto-Celtic *arwī (compare Welsh erw, Cornish erow), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂erh₃wos (“arable”) (compare Old Irish arbar, Latin arvus).


barv

From Proto-Brythonic *barv, from Latin barba, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰardʰeh₂. Compare Cornish barv, Welsh barf.


arzh

arzh (canonical masculine)
arzh (canonical feminine)
arzhed (plural)

From Proto-Brythonic *arθ, from Proto-Celtic *artos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ŕ̥tḱos.


roc'h

From an indeterminate Celtic source borrowed into English rock and Romance equivalents French roche, Italian rocca, Spanish roca, Galician rocha.


hent

From Proto-Brythonic *hɨnt, from Proto-Celtic *sentus, from Proto-Indo-European *sent- (“to head for, go”).


komz

From Middle Breton comps, from Proto-Celtic *kom-wep-s-, derivative of *wepos (“speech, voice”) (whence Welsh gwep (“face”)), from Proto-Indo-European *wekʷ- (“to speak”). Compare Ancient Greek ἔπος (épos), Latin vox.


komz

komz (unmutated)
gomz (mutation-soft)
c'homz (mutation-aspirate)
komzan (first-person indicative present singular)
komzez (indicative present second-person singular)
komz (indicative present singular third-person)
komzomp (first-person indicative plural present)
komzit (indicative plural present second-person)
komzont (indicative plural present third-person)
komzer (impersonal indicative present)
komzis (first-person indicative preterite singular)
komzjout (indicative preterite second-person singular)
komzas (indicative preterite singular third-person)
komzjomp (first-person indicative plural preterite)
komzjoc'h (indicative plural preterite second-person)
komzjont (indicative plural preterite third-person)
komzjod (impersonal indicative preterite)
komzen (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
komzes (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
komze (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
komzemp (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
komzec'h (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
komzent (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
komzed (imperfect impersonal indicative)
komzin (first-person future indicative singular)
komzi (future indicative second-person singular)
komzo (future indicative singular third-person)
komzimp (first-person future indicative plural)
komzot (future indicative plural second-person)
komzint (future indicative plural third-person)
komzor (future impersonal indicative)
komzfen (first-person present singular subjunctive)
komzfes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
komzfe (present singular subjunctive third-person)
komzfemp (first-person plural present subjunctive)
komzfec'h (plural present second-person subjunctive)
komzfent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
komzfed (impersonal present subjunctive)
komzjen (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
komzjes (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
komzje (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
komzjemp (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
komzjec'h (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
komzjent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
komzjed (imperfect impersonal subjunctive)
komz (imperative second-person singular)
komzet (imperative singular third-person)
komzomp (first-person imperative plural)
komzit (imperative plural second-person)
komzent (imperative plural third-person)
o komz (first-person participle present second-person singular)
komzet (auxiliary verb: kaout or bezañ) (participle past)


gwele

gweleoù (plural)
gwele (singular unmutated)
wele (mutation-soft singular)
kwele (mutation-hard singular)
gweleoù (plural unmutated)
weleoù (mutation-soft plural)
kweleoù (mutation-hard plural)

From Proto-Celtic *uɸo-legyom, from Proto-Indo-European *upo + *legʰ- (“to lie (down)”). Cognate with Welsh gwely, Cornish gweli.


setu

here you are, here's ..., voilà (also French voici)


taol

taolioù (plural)
taol (singular unmutated)
daol (mutation-soft singular)
zaol (mutation-aspirate singular)
taolioù (plural unmutated)
daolioù (mutation-soft plural)
zaolioù (mutation-aspirate plural)

War an doal emañ ar bara.

War an doal e vez ar bara.


eñ

From Proto-Celtic *em (compare Welsh ef, Cornish ev).


eget

egedon (first-person singular)
egedomp (first-person plural)
egedout (second-person singular)
egedoc'h (plural second-person)
egetañ (masculine singular third-person)
egeto (masculine plural third-person)
egeti (feminine singular third-person)
egeto (feminine plural third-person)
egedor (impersonal)


bugel

From Middle Breton buguel, from Proto-Brythonic *bʉgöl, from Proto-Celtic *boukolyos, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷowkólos, from *gʷṓws (“cow”) + *kʷel- (“to revolve, turn around”).
Cognates include Cornish bugel (“shepherd”), Welsh bugail (“shepherd”), Irish buachaill (“boy”), Scottish Gaelic buachaille (“herder”), Manx bochilley (“shepherd”) and Ancient Greek βουκόλος (boukólos, “cowherd”).


tred

tridi (plural)
tred (singular unmutated)
dred (mutation-soft singular)
zred (mutation-aspirate singular)
tridi (plural unmutated)
dridi (mutation-soft plural)
zridi (mutation-aspirate plural)

From Old Breton trot, from Proto-Brythonic *tröd (whence Middle Welsh trydw, Welsh drudwen), from Proto-Celtic *trozdis, from Proto-Indo-European *trosdos (“thrush”); compare Latin turdus, English thrush, and Polish drozd.


sae

Ur sae c'hlas


meud

meudoù (plural)
meud (singular unmutated)
veud (mutation-soft singular)
meudoù (plural unmutated)
veudoù (mutation-soft plural)

From Middle Breton meut, from Proto-Celtic *mā-to-, from Proto-Indo-European *mē-.
Compare Welsh bawd.


eil

An eil den

An eil gwech


eil

An eil


karv

kirvi (plural)
karv (singular unmutated)
garv (mutation-soft singular)
c'harv (mutation-aspirate singular)
kirvi (plural unmutated)
girvi (mutation-soft plural)
c'hirvi (mutation-aspirate plural)

From Proto-Brythonic *karw, from Proto-Celtic *karwos, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱr̥wós, zero grade of *ḱerwós, from *ḱer- (“horn”).


meur

From Proto-Brythonic *mọr, from Proto-Celtic *māros, from Proto-Indo-European *moh₁ros, from *meh₁-.


kreñv

kreñv (unmutated)
greñv (mutation-soft)
c'hreñv (mutation-aspirate)

From Middle Breton creff, from Proto-Brythonic *krɨβ̃, from Proto-Celtic *kriɸmos (compare Welsh cryf, Cornish krev).
korv, a Latin borrowing, is from the same Proto-Indo-European root, *krep- (“body”).


evn

From Proto-Brythonic *edn, from Proto-Celtic *ɸetnos, from Proto-Indo-European *péth₂r̥.


dañvad

deñved (plural)
dañvad (singular unmutated)
zañvad (mutation-soft singular)
tañvad (mutation-hard singular)
deñved (plural unmutated)
zeñved (mutation-soft plural)
teñved (mutation-hard plural)

From Proto-Brythonic *daβ̃ad, from Proto-Celtic *dametos.

(religion, in the plural, figurative) flock

(in the plural, by analogy) small, fluffy clouds, foamy waves


marv

marv (singular unmutated)
varv (mutation-soft singular)
marvioù (plural unmutated)
varvioù (mutation-soft plural)

An itron varv


bouzar

From Proto-Brythonic *boðar, from Proto-Celtic *bodaros, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰodʰHrós.


gouelan

head

gouelan m (plural gouelaned or gouelini)

→ French: goéland

From gouelañ (“to cry”), from Middle Breton goelann, from Old Breton guilannou, from Proto-Brythonic *gwuɨlann.


Jeruzalem

Jerusalem (the claimed (and de-facto) capital city of Israel; the claimed capital city of Palestine)


bozon

bozon m (collective, plural bozonennoù, singulative bozonenn)

bozonennoù (plural)
bozonenn (singulative)


nukleon

nukleon m (collective, plural nukleonennoù, singulative nukleonenn)

nukleonennoù (plural)
nukleonenn (singulative)


-eg

Gall (“Frenchman”) + -eg → galleg (“French language”)

Leon (“Léon”) + -eg → leoneg (“Léon dialect”)

Used to form languages or dialects; -ish, -ic


peder

pevar (masculine)
peder (unmutated)
beder (mutation-soft)
feder (mutation-aspirate)

From Proto-Celtic *kʷetesres, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷetwóres. Compare Welsh pedair.


pirc'hirin

pirc’hirin (canonical)
pirc'hirin (unmutated)
birc'hirin (mutation-soft)
firc'hirin (mutation-aspirate)


kaozeal a rit saozneg

do you speak English
do you speak English


bananez

bananez m (collective, plural bananezennoù, singulative bananezenn)

bananezennoù (plural)
bananezenn (singulative)


kerent

kerent (unmutated)
gerent (mutation-soft)
c'herent (mutation-aspirate)


moereb

moerebed (plural)
moereb (singular unmutated)
voereb (mutation-soft singular)
moerebed (plural unmutated)
voerebed (mutation-soft plural)

From Middle Breton mozreb, from Old Breton motrep, from Proto-Celtic *mātrikʷā (compare Cornish modrep, Welsh modryb), from *mātīr (“mother”) (compare Irish máthair), from Proto-Indo-European *méh₂tēr.


ludu

ludu m (plural luduoù, singulative luduenn)

From Middle Breton ludu, from Proto-Brythonic *llʉdw, from Proto-Celtic *loutus, possibly from a Proto-Indo-European root shared by Sanskrit उल्का (ulkā, “meteor, firebrand, torch”).


avank

From Proto-Brythonic *aβank, from Proto-Celtic *abankos (compare Welsh afanc), from *abū (“river”).


bleiz

bleizi (plural)
bleiz (singular unmutated)
vleiz (mutation-soft singular)
pleiz (mutation-hard singular)
bleizi (plural unmutated)
vleizi (mutation-soft plural)
pleizi (mutation-hard plural)

From Old Breton bleid, from Proto-Brythonic *blėð, from Proto-Celtic *bledyos (compare Cornish bleydh, Welsh blaidd; Old Irish bled (“sea monster”) (< *bledā)).


bual

bualed (plural)
bual (singular unmutated)
vual (mutation-soft singular)
pual (mutation-hard singular)
bualed (plural unmutated)
vualed (mutation-soft plural)
pualed (mutation-hard plural)

From Proto-Brythonic [Term?], borrowed from Vulgar Latin *būvalus, from Latin būbalus, from Ancient Greek βούβαλος (boúbalos). Cognate with Welsh and Cornish bual.


draeneg

draeneged (plural)
draeneg (singular unmutated)
zraeneg (mutation-soft singular)
traeneg (mutation-hard singular)
draeneged (plural unmutated)
zraeneged (mutation-soft plural)
traeneged (mutation-hard plural)


klezeñv

klezeñvier (plural)
klezeñv (singular unmutated)
glezeñv (mutation-soft singular)
c'hlezeñv (mutation-aspirate singular)
klezeñvier (plural unmutated)
glezeñvier (mutation-soft plural)
c'hlezeñvier (mutation-aspirate plural)

From Middle Breton clezeff, from Proto-Brythonic *klėðɨβ̃, from Proto-Celtic *kladiwos (compare Welsh cleddyf, Old Irish claideb). The Brythonic forms probably represent a borrowing from Goidelic, based on the unexpected shift of /w/ to /β̃/ (the expected inherited form would be *kleziv).


klañvdi

klañvdioù (plural)
klañvdi (singular unmutated)
glañvdi (mutation-soft singular)
c'hlañvdi (mutation-aspirate singular)
klañvdioù (plural unmutated)
glañvdioù (mutation-soft plural)
c'hlañvdioù (mutation-aspirate plural)


buoc'h

head

buoc’h f (plural buoc’hed, collective buoc’henned)

buoc’h (canonical feminine)
buoc’hed (plural)
buoc’henned (collective)
buoc'h (singular unmutated)
vuoc'h (mutation-soft singular)
puoc'h (mutation-hard singular)
buoc'hed (plural unmutated)
vuoc'hed (mutation-soft plural)
puoc'hed (mutation-hard plural)

From Proto-Brythonic *bʉx, from Proto-Celtic *boukkā, from *bāus (“ox”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʷṓws. Celtic cognates include Welsh buwch, Cornish bugh, Irish bó, Manx booa.


yod

From Proto-Celtic *yutos, from Proto-Indo-European *yéwHs (“soup, broth”), from *yewH- (“to blend, mix (food), knead”). Compare Cornish yos, Old Irish íth, Welsh uwd, and Gallo-Latin iotta, iutta.


arc'hant

From Middle Breton archant, from Old Breton argant, from Proto-Brythonic *arɣant, from Proto-Celtic *argantom, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂erǵ- (“to shine”).


broc'h

broc’h (canonical masculine)
broc’hed (plural)
broc'h (singular unmutated)
vroc'h (mutation-soft singular)
proc'h (mutation-hard singular)
broc'hed (plural unmutated)
vroc'hed (mutation-soft plural)
proc'hed (mutation-hard plural)

From Middle Breton broc'h, from Proto-Brythonic *brox, from Proto-Celtic *brokkos.


Gall

Gallaoued (plural)
Gall (singular unmutated)
C'hall (mutation-soft singular)
Kall (mutation-hard singular)
Gallaoued (plural unmutated)
C'hallaoued (mutation-soft plural)
Kallaoued (mutation-hard plural)

From Latin Gallus, see also Scottish Gaelic Gall.

Frenchman, Romance-speaking person not from Lower Brittany


ledan

From Proto-Brythonic *llɨdan, from Proto-Celtic *ɸlitanos.


kraoñ

head

kraoñ ? (collective, plural kraoñennoù, singulative kraoñenn)

kraoñennoù (plural)
kraoñenn (singulative)
knaou (alternative)
kraoñ (unmutated)
graoñ (mutation-soft)
c'hraoñ (mutation-aspirate)

From Proto-Brythonic *know, from Proto-Celtic *knūs.


moc'h

moc’h m (collective, singulative pemoc’h)

moc’h (canonical masculine)
pemoc’h (singulative)
moc'h (unmutated)
voc'h (mutation-soft)

From Proto-Brythonic *mox, from Proto-Celtic *mokkus.


leue

From Proto-Brythonic *llọɨɣ, from Proto-Celtic *lāɸigos (“calf”) (compare Old Irish lóeg, Welsh llo, Cornish leugh).


bouc'h

bouc’h (canonical masculine)
bouc’hed (plural)
bouc'h (singular unmutated)
vouc'h (mutation-soft singular)
pouc'h (mutation-hard singular)
bouch'ed (plural unmutated)
vouch'ed (mutation-soft plural)
pouch'ed (mutation-hard plural)

From Proto-Brythonic *bux, from Proto-Celtic *bukkos, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰuǵkos (compare Welsh bwch).


ebeul

From Old Breton ebol, from Proto-Brythonic *ebọl, diminutive of *eb (“horse”).


ebeulez

From ebeul (“foal”) + -ez (“female”), cognate to Welsh eboles.


kazhig

kizhierigoù (plural)
kazhig (singular unmutated)
gazhig (mutation-soft singular)
c'hazhig (mutation-aspirate singular)
kizhierigoù (plural unmutated)
gizhierigoù (mutation-soft plural)
c'hizhierigoù (mutation-aspirate plural)


kazhez

kazhezed (plural)
kazhez (singular unmutated)
gazhez (mutation-soft singular)
c'hazhez (mutation-aspirate singular)
kazhezed (plural unmutated)
gazhezed (mutation-soft plural)
c'hazhezed (mutation-aspirate plural)


kazez

kazezed (plural)
kazez (singular unmutated)
gazez (mutation-soft singular)
c'hazez (mutation-aspirate singular)
kazezed (plural unmutated)
gazezed (mutation-soft plural)
c'hazezed (mutation-aspirate plural)

female cat, queen


tadig

tadigoù (plural)
tadig (singular unmutated)
dadig (mutation-soft singular)
zadig (mutation-aspirate singular)
tadigoù (plural unmutated)
dadigoù (mutation-soft plural)
zadigoù (mutation-aspirate plural)


kazezed

female cats


aneval

From Proto-Brythonic *anɨβ̃ėl, borrowed through Vulgar Latin from Latin animal (compare Welsh anifail).


bleizez

bleizezed (plural)
bleizez (singular unmutated)
vleizez (mutation-soft singular)
pleizez (mutation-hard singular)
bleizezed (plural unmutated)
vleizezed (mutation-soft plural)
pleizezed (mutation-hard plural)


tadeg

tadeged (plural)
tadeg (singular unmutated)
dadeg (mutation-soft singular)
zadeg (mutation-aspirate singular)
tadeged (plural unmutated)
dadeged (mutation-soft plural)
zadeged (mutation-aspirate plural)


tad-kozh

tadoù-kozh (plural)
tad-kozh (singular unmutated)
dad-kozh (mutation-soft singular)
zad-kozh (mutation-aspirate singular)
tadoù-kozh (plural unmutated)
dadoù-kozh (mutation-soft plural)
zadoù-kozh (mutation-aspirate plural)


tad-kaer

tadoù-kaer (plural)
tad-kaer (singular unmutated)
dad-kaer (mutation-soft singular)
zad-kaer (mutation-aspirate singular)
tadoù-kaer (plural unmutated)
dadoù-kaer (mutation-soft plural)
zadoù-kaer (mutation-aspirate plural)


tad-kuñv

tadoù-kuñv (plural)
tad-kuñv (singular unmutated)
dad-kuñv (mutation-soft singular)
zad-kuñv (mutation-aspirate singular)
tadoù-kuñv (plural unmutated)
dadoù-kuñv (mutation-soft plural)
zadoù-kuñv (mutation-aspirate plural)

From tad (“father”) + kuñv (“debonair, gentle”).


leztad

lez- (“step-”) + tad (“father”); cognate to Welsh llystad


lezvab

lez- (“step-”) + mab (“son”), cognate to Welsh llysfab


lezvamm

lez- (“step-”) + mamm (“mother”), cognate to Welsh llysfam


lezverc'h

lez- (“step-”) + merc'h (“daughter”), cognate to Welsh llysferch


-ioù

anv (“name”) + -ioù → anvioù (“names”)


-où

From Proto-Brythonic *-ow, from Proto-Celtic *-owes. Cognate with Welsh -au, Cornish -ow.

mamm (“mother”) + -où → mammoù (“mothers”)

tad (“father”) + -où → tadoù (“fathers”)


erer

From Middle Breton erer, from Proto-Celtic *eriros (“eagle”) (compare Welsh eryr, Cornish er, Old Irish irar), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃érō (“large bird”).


skiant

From Latin scientia (“knowledge”), from sciens, the present participle stem of scire (“to know”).


Indonezia

Indonesia (a country and archipelago in maritime Southeast Asia)


merenn

merennoù (plural)
merenn (singular unmutated)
verenn (mutation-soft singular)
merennoù (plural unmutated)
verennoù (mutation-soft plural)


brec'h

head

brec’h f (dual divrec’h, plural brec’hioù)

brec’h (canonical feminine)
divrec’h (dual)
brec’hioù (plural)
brec'h (singular unmutated)
vrec'h (mutation-soft singular)
prec'h (mutation-hard singular)
brec'hioù (plural unmutated)
vrec'hioù (mutation-soft plural)
prec'hioù (mutation-hard plural)

From Middle Breton brech, from Proto-Brythonic *brėx, a borrowing from Latin bracchium, from Ancient Greek βραχίων (brakhíōn), from βραχύς (brakhús, “short”). Cognate with Cornish bregh, Welsh braich.


div-

divrec'h

divyezhek

divrod


Lun

From Proto-Brythonic [Term?], borrowed through Vulgar Latin from Latin lūna (“moon”). Compare Welsh dydd Llun, Cornish de Lun.


Meurzh

Meurzhioù (plural)
Meurzh (singular unmutated)
Veurzh (mutation-soft singular)
Meurzhioù (plural unmutated)
Veurzhioù (mutation-soft plural)


Merc'her

Merc’her (canonical masculine)
Merc'her (unmutated)
Verc'her (mutation-soft)

From Proto-Brythonic [Term?], borrowed through Vulgar Latin from Latin Mercurius (“Mercury”). Compare Welsh Mercher, Cornish Merher.


Yaou

From Proto-Brythonic [Term?], borrowed through Vulgar Latin from Latin Iūppiter, Iovis (“Jupiter”). Compare Welsh Iau, Cornish Yow.


Sadorn

From Proto-Brythonic [Term?], borrowed through Vulgar Latin from Latin Saturnus (“Saturn”). Compare Cornish Sadorn, Welsh Sadwrn.


digwener

digwener (unmutated)
zigwener (mutation-soft)
tigwener (mutation-hard)


disadorn

disadorn (unmutated)
zisadorn (mutation-soft)
tisadorn (mutation-hard)


disul

disul (unmutated)
zisul (mutation-soft)
tisul (mutation-hard)


dilun

dilun (unmutated)
zilun (mutation-soft)
tilun (mutation-hard)

Borrowed from or partial calque of Latin dīēs Lūnae.


dimeurzh

dimeurzh (unmutated)
zimeurzh (mutation-soft)
timeurzh (mutation-hard)


dimerc'her

dimerc’her (canonical masculine)
dimerc'her (unmutated)
zimerc'her (mutation-soft)
timerc'her (mutation-hard)


diriaou

diriaou (unmutated)
ziriaou (mutation-soft)
tiriaou (mutation-hard)


deiz

deizioù (plural)
deiz (singular unmutated)
zeiz (mutation-soft singular)
teiz (mutation-hard singular)
deizioù (plural unmutated)
zeizioù (mutation-soft plural)
teizioù (mutation-hard plural)

From Proto-Brythonic *dɨð, from Proto-Celtic *dyīus (compare Cornish dydh, Welsh dydd, Old Irish día), from Proto-Indo-European *dyḗws, *dyew- (compare Latin diēs).


deizioù

deiz (singular unmutated)
zeiz (mutation-soft singular)
teiz (mutation-hard singular)
deizioù (plural unmutated)
zeizioù (mutation-soft plural)
teizioù (mutation-hard plural)


devezh

devezhioù (plural)
devezh (singular unmutated)
zevezh (mutation-soft singular)
tevezh (mutation-hard singular)
devezhioù (plural unmutated)
zevezhioù (mutation-soft plural)
tevezhioù (mutation-hard plural)


holl

an holl bugale

all (preceded by the definite article, precedes the noun)


houarnek

From houarn (“iron”) + -ek (“adjectival suffix”).


houarn

Inherited from Proto-Celtic *īsarnom (compare Welsh haearn, Old Irish íarn), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésh₂r̥ (“blood”).


marc'h

head

marc’h m (plural merc’h or mirc’hed or mirc’hi)

marc’h (canonical masculine)
merc’h (plural)
mirc’hed (plural)
mirc’hi (plural)
marc'h (singular unmutated)
varc'h (mutation-soft singular)
merc'h (plural unmutated)
verc'h (mutation-soft plural)

From Middle Breton march, from Old Breton marh, from Proto-Brythonic *marx, from Proto-Celtic *markos.


louarn

From Middle Breton louarn, from Old Breton louuern, from Proto-Brythonic *llowern, from Proto-Celtic *loɸernos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂wl(o)p- ~ *h₂ulp- (“(red) fox”). Cognate with Cornish lowarn.


kalc'h

kalc'hioù (plural)
kalc'h (singular unmutated)
galc'h (mutation-soft singular)
c'halc'h (mutation-aspirate singular)
kalc'hioù (plural unmutated)
galc'hioù (mutation-soft plural)
c'halc'hioù (mutation-aspirate plural)

From Proto-Brythonic *kalɣ (“penis”), from Proto-Celtic *kalgā (“point”).


Genver

Genver (singular unmutated)
C'henver (mutation-soft singular)
Kenver (mutation-hard singular)
Genverioù (plural unmutated)
C'henverioù (mutation-soft plural)
Kenverioù (mutation-hard plural)


Ebrel

From Proto-Brythonic *ėbrɨll, borrowed through Vulgar Latin from Latin Aprīlis (compare Welsh Ebrill, Cornish Ebrel).


Mezheven

Mezheven (unmutated)
Vezheven (mutation-soft)

From Proto-Celtic *medyo-samīno- (“middle of summer”) (compare Irish Meitheamh, Welsh Mehefin).


Eost

From Proto-Brythonic [Term?], borrowed through Vulgar Latin agustus from Latin augustus. Compare Cornish Est, Welsh Awst.


Here

Cognate to Welsh Hydref (“October”), hydref (“autumn”).


hañv

From Middle Breton haff, from Old Breton ham, from Proto-Brythonic *haβ̃, from Proto-Celtic *samos, from Proto-Indo-European *sm̥-h₂-ó-.


kemm

kemmoù (plural)
kemm (singular unmutated)
gemm (mutation-soft singular)
c'hemm (mutation-aspirate singular)
kemmoù (plural unmutated)
gemmoù (mutation-soft plural)
c'hemmoù (mutation-aspirate plural)


killi

killioù (plural)
killi (singular unmutated)
gilli (mutation-soft singular)
c'hilli (mutation-aspirate singular)
killioù (plural unmutated)
gillioù (mutation-soft plural)
c'hillioù (mutation-aspirate plural)

From Proto-Celtic *kallī (compare Welsh celli (“grove, copse, woodland”), Old Irish caill).


killi

kell (singular unmutated)
gell (mutation-soft singular)
c'hell (mutation-aspirate singular)
killi (plural unmutated)
gilli (mutation-soft plural)
c'hilli (mutation-aspirate plural)


kaouenn

kaouenned (plural)
kaouenn (singular unmutated)
gaouenn (mutation-soft singular)
c'haouenn (mutation-aspirate singular)
kaouenned (plural unmutated)
gaouenned (mutation-soft plural)
c'haouenned (mutation-aspirate plural)

→ Cornish: cowan

From Middle Breton couhenn, caouënn, from Old Breton couann, couhann, from Proto-Brythonic *kuwann, from Proto-Celtic *kuwannos. Cognate with Middle Welsh cuan.


douryar

douryer (plural)
douryar (singular unmutated)
zouryar (mutation-soft singular)
touryar (mutation-hard singular)
douryer (plural unmutated)
zouryer (mutation-soft plural)
touryer (mutation-hard plural)


dourgi

dourgon (plural)
dourgi (singular unmutated)
zourgi (mutation-soft singular)
tourgi (mutation-hard singular)
dourgon (plural unmutated)
zourgon (mutation-soft plural)
tourgon (mutation-hard plural)

From Proto-Brythonic *düβrgi, from Proto-Celtic *dubrokū. Equivalent to dour (“water”) + ki (“dog”).


kilhog

From Middle Breton kilheg, from Old Breton kelihuc, from Proto-Brythonic *kėljọg, from Proto-Celtic *kalyākos, from Proto-Indo-European *kelh₁- (“call”).


gwerz

gwerzioù (plural)
gwerz (singular unmutated)
werz (mutation-soft singular)
kwerz (mutation-hard singular)
gwerzioù (plural unmutated)
werzioù (mutation-soft plural)
kwerzioù (mutation-hard plural)

From Middle Breton guers, from Proto-Brythonic *gwers, ultimately from Latin versus (“line of writing, verse”).


gristen

kristen (singular unmutated)
gristen (mutation-soft singular)
c'hristen (mutation-aspirate singular)
kristenien (plural unmutated)
gristenien (mutation-soft plural)
c'hristenien (mutation-aspirate plural)


kador

kadorioù (plural)
keder (plural)
kador (singular unmutated)
gador (mutation-soft singular)
c'hador (mutation-aspirate singular)
kadorioù (plural unmutated)
gadorioù (mutation-soft plural)
c'hadorioù (mutation-aspirate plural)

From Middle Breton cadoer, from Proto-Brythonic [Term?], borrowed through Vulgar Latin from Latin cathedra, ultimately from Ancient Greek καθέδρα (kathédra, “chair of a teacher, throne”).


dant

From Middle Breton and Old Breton dant, from Proto-Brythonic *dant, from Proto-Celtic *dant, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃dónts.


Iwerzhon

From Proto-Celtic *Φīweryū (compare Old Irish Ériu, Irish Éire, Welsh Iwerddon), from Proto-Indo-European *piHweryon-, likely related to *piHwer- (“fat”).

Ireland (an island and country in northwestern Europe)


aour

From Proto-Brythonic *ėür, borrowed through Vulgar Latin [Term?] from Latin aurum.


Kerdiz

Cardiff (a city and county, the capital and largest city of Wales)


Sant-Brieg

Saint-Brieuc (a city and commune, the prefecture of Côtes-d'Armor department, Brittany, France)


Lannuon

Lannion (a town and commune of Côtes-d'Armor department, Brittany, France)


Felger

Fougères (a city in Ille-et-Vilaine department, France)


Gwengamp

Guingamp (a town and commune of Côtes-d'Armor department, Brittany, France)


Pempoull

Paimpol (a commune of Côtes-d'Armor department, Brittany)


Moskov

Moscow (a federal city, the capital of Russia)

Moscow (an oblast of Russia, surrounding the city of Moscow)


Londrez

London (the capital city of the United Kingdom; the capital city of England)


Rouantelezh Unanet

United Kingdom
United Kingdom#English:_Q145

United Kingdom (a kingdom and country in Northern Europe)


evit

evidon (first-person singular)
evidomp (first-person plural)
evidout (second-person singular)
evidoc'h (plural second-person)
evitañ (masculine singular third-person)
evito (masculine plural third-person)
eviti (feminine singular third-person)
evito (feminine plural third-person)
evidor (impersonal)

Evit ar brezhoneg


digoradur

digoradur (singular unmutated)
zigoradur (mutation-soft singular)
tigoradur (mutation-hard singular)
digoradurioù (plural unmutated)
zigoradurioù (mutation-soft plural)
tigoradurioù (mutation-hard plural)


goulenn

goulennoù (plural)
goulenn (singular unmutated)
c'houlenn (mutation-soft singular)
koulenn (mutation-hard singular)
goulennoù (plural unmutated)
c'houlennoù (mutation-soft plural)
koulennoù (mutation-hard plural)


levr

From Old Breton libr, from Proto-Brythonic *llɨβr, borrowed through Vulgar Latin from Latin liber, librum. Compare Welsh llyfr, Cornish lyver and Irish/Scottish Gaelic leabhar, Manx lioar.


dornlevr

dornlevrioù (plural)
dornlevr (singular unmutated)
zornlevr (mutation-soft singular)
tornlevr (mutation-hard singular)
dornlevrioù (plural unmutated)
zornlevrioù (mutation-soft plural)
tornlevrioù (mutation-hard plural)

From dorn (“hand”) + levr (“book”), calque of Welsh llawlyfr, itself a calque of English handbook.


-enn

From Middle Breton -enn, from Old Breton *-enn, from Proto-Brythonic *-enn. Cognate with Cornish -en and Welsh -en.

merien (“ants”) + -enn → merienenn (“ant”)

Indicates a singulative of collective nouns.


hiziv

From Middle Breton hizio, ultimately from Proto-Celtic *so (“this”) + *dīyos (“day”); compare Welsh heddiw, Cornish hedhyw; Latin hodiē.


kastell

From Proto-Brythonic *kastell, borrowed through Vulgar Latin from Latin castellum. Compare Welsh castell, Cornish kastel.


tomm

tomm (unmutated)
domm (mutation-soft)
never occurs (mutation-aspirate)
never occurs (mutation-hard)
tommoc'h (comparative unmutated)
dommoc'h (comparative mutation-soft)
never occurs (comparative mutation-aspirate)
never occurs (comparative mutation-hard)
tommañ (superlative unmutated)
dommañ (mutation-soft superlative)
zommañ (mutation-aspirate superlative)
tommat (unmutated)
dommat (mutation-soft)
zommat (mutation-aspirate)

From Proto-Celtic *teɸesmis, from Proto-Indo-European *tep- (“be warm”). Compare Irish te.

Tomm eo an dour.


glav

glav (unmutated)
c'hlav (mutation-soft)
klav (mutation-hard)

From Proto-Brythonic *glaw. Related to Welsh glaw (“rain”).


bloavezh

bloavezhioù (plural)
bloavezh (singular unmutated)
vloavezh (mutation-soft singular)
ploavezh (mutation-hard singular)
bloavezhioù (plural unmutated)
vloavezhioù (mutation-soft plural)
ploavezhioù (mutation-hard plural)


plijus

head

plijus (comparative plijusoc'h, superlative plijusañ, exclamative plijusat)

plijusoc'h (comparative)
plijusañ (superlative)
plijus (unmutated)
blijus (mutation-soft)
never occurs (mutation-aspirate)
never occurs (mutation-hard)
plijusoc'h (comparative unmutated)
blijusoc'h (comparative mutation-soft)
never occurs (comparative mutation-aspirate)
never occurs (comparative mutation-hard)
plijusañ (superlative unmutated)
blijusañ (mutation-soft superlative)
flijusañ (mutation-aspirate superlative)


deiziadur

deiziadurioù (plural)
deiziadur (singular unmutated)
zeiziadur (mutation-soft singular)
teiziadur (mutation-hard singular)
deiziadurioù (plural unmutated)
zeiziadurioù (mutation-soft plural)
teiziadurioù (mutation-hard plural)

From deiz (“day”) + -adur. Calque of Welsh dyddiadur.


selled

impersonal imperfect indicative of sellout, sellet


klopenn

klopennoù (plural)
klopenn (singular unmutated)
glopenn (mutation-soft singular)
c'hlopenn (mutation-aspirate singular)
klopennoù (plural unmutated)
glopennoù (mutation-soft plural)
c'hlopennoù (mutation-aspirate plural)


Danez

Danezed (plural)
Danez (singular unmutated)
Zanez (mutation-soft singular)
Tanez (mutation-hard singular)
Danezed (plural unmutated)
Zanezed (mutation-soft plural)
Tanezed (mutation-hard plural)


marc'heg

marc’heg m (plural marc’hegien or marc’hegion)

marc’heg (canonical masculine)
marc’hegien (plural)
marc’hegion (plural)


Brezhon

Brezhoned (plural)
Brezhon (singular unmutated)
Vrezhon (mutation-soft singular)
Prezhon (mutation-hard singular)
Brezhoned (plural unmutated)
Vrezhoned (mutation-soft plural)
Prezhoned (mutation-hard plural)

A (historical) Briton: a member of that people that spoke Brythonic languages.


Pater

Pateroù (plural)
Paterioù (plural)
Pater (singular unmutated)
Bater (mutation-soft singular)
Fater (mutation-aspirate singular)
Pateroù (plural unmutated)
Bateroù (mutation-soft plural)
Fateroù (mutation-aspirate plural)


abostol

Borrowed from Ecclesiastical Latin apostolus, from Ancient Greek ἀπόστολος (apóstolos, “one sent forth, apostle”).


abostol

Borrowed from Ecclesiastical Latin epistola, from Ancient Greek ἐπιστολή (epistolḗ).


Kartago

Carthage (an ancient city in North Africa, in modern Tunisia)

Carthage (an ancient civilisation in North Africa, centred on the city of Carthage)


gwenan

gwenanenn (singulative)
gwenanenn (singular unmutated)
wenanenn (mutation-soft singular)
kwenanenn (mutation-hard singular)
gwenan (plural unmutated)
wenan (mutation-soft plural)
kwenan (mutation-hard plural)

From Proto-Celtic *wan-inyo- (compare Cornish gwenen, Welsh gwenyn), diminutive of *wano- (“tip, sting”) (modern gwan).


gwenanenn

/ɡɥẽˈnãːnɛn/


sivi

From Proto-Celtic *subi. Compare with Cornish syvy, Welsh syfi, Old Irish sub, modern Irish sú (“red berry”) and Scottish Gaelic sùbh (“raspberry”).


Parizian

Parizianed (plural)
Parizian (singular unmutated)
Barizian (mutation-soft singular)
Farizian (mutation-aspirate singular)
Parizianed (plural unmutated)
Barizianed (mutation-soft plural)
Farizianed (mutation-aspirate plural)


Parizianez

Parizianezed (plural)
Parizianez (singular unmutated)
Barizianez (mutation-soft singular)
Farizianez (mutation-aspirate singular)
Parizianezed (plural unmutated)
Barizianezed (mutation-soft plural)
Farizianezed (mutation-aspirate plural)


askorn

From Middle Breton ascorn, ascourn, from Proto-Brythonic *askurn, from Proto-Celtic *astkornu (compare Cornish askorn, Welsh asgwrn), compound of *ast (“bone”) and *kornu (“horn”) (compare Breton kern (“horns”), Old Irish corn), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱr̥h₂nom (compare Latin cornū, English horn), from *ḱerh₂- (“head, horn”).


Martinik

administrative region
administrative region

Martinique (an island, overseas department, and administrative region of France, in the Caribbean)


Frañs

France (a country located primarily in Western Europe)


gwaz

gwazi (plural)
gwaz (singular unmutated)
waz (mutation-soft singular)
kwaz (mutation-hard singular)
gwazi (plural unmutated)
wazi (mutation-soft plural)
kwazi (mutation-hard plural)

From Middle Breton goaz, from Proto-Celtic *gezdā; cognate with Welsh gŵydd, Cornish goodh, Middle Irish géd (Irish gé).


gwaz

From Middle Breton goas, from Proto-Brythonic *gwass, from Proto-Celtic *uɸostos (“servant”). Compare Welsh gwas.


tregont

From Old Breton tricont, from Proto-Celtic *trīkontes (compare Old Irish trícho, Irish tríocha).

Previous: nav warn-ugent. Next: unan ha tregont


eontr

From Proto-Celtic *awontro (compare Cornish ewnter), oblique of *awontīr (compare Welsh ewythr), from pre-Celtic *h₂eu-on-tēr, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ewh₂- (“relative, descendant”), *h₂éwh₂os (compare Middle Irish ó, Latin avus (“grandfather”), dialectal German Awwe).


kolen

From Proto-Brythonic *koluɨn, from Proto-Celtic *kolignos.


eskob

From Middle Breton eskop, from Proto-Brythonic *eskob, a borrowing from Latin episcopus, from Ancient Greek ἐπίσκοπος (epískopos, “overseer”). Cognate with Cornish epskop, Welsh esgob.


arc'heskob

head

arc’heskob m (plural arc’heskeb or arc’heskibien or arc’heskibion)

arc’heskob (canonical masculine)
arc’heskeb (plural)
arc’heskibien (plural)
arc’heskibion (plural)


ugent

From Middle Breton uguent, from Old Breton ucent, from Proto-Brythonic *ʉgėnt, from Proto-Celtic *wikantī (compare Welsh ugain), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁wih₁ḱm̥t (compare Latin vīgintī) from *dwi(h₁)dḱm̥ti (“two-ten”).

Previous: naontek. Next: unan warn-ugent


daou warn-ugent

Previous: unan warn-ugent. Next: tri warn-ugent


Alamagn

Germany (a country in Central Europe, formed in 1949 as West Germany, with its provisional capital Bonn until 1990, when it incorporated East Germany)


labous

From Middle Breton lapoucc, laboucc, of unknown origin. Comparisons have been made with Latin locusta, lacusta (“locust, lobster”) and Old English loppestre (whence English lobster), but these present clear phonetic and semantic difficulties if interpreted as cognates.


enez

From Middle Breton enes, from Old Breton inis, from Proto-Brythonic *ɨnɨs, from Proto-Celtic *enistī.


maouez

maouezed (plural)
maouez (singular unmutated)
vaouez (mutation-soft singular)
maouezed (plural unmutated)
vaouezed (mutation-soft plural)


kasketenn

kasketennoù (plural)
kasketenn (singular unmutated)
gasketenn (mutation-soft singular)
c'hasketenn (mutation-aspirate singular)
kasketennoù (plural unmutated)
gasketennoù (mutation-soft plural)
c'hasketennoù (mutation-aspirate plural)


kasour

kasourien (plural)
kasour (singular unmutated)
gasour (mutation-soft singular)
c'hasour (mutation-aspirate singular)
kasourien (plural unmutated)
gasourien (mutation-soft plural)
c'hasourien (mutation-aspirate plural)


kastelodenn

kastelodennoù (plural)
kastelodenn (singular unmutated)
gastelodenn (mutation-soft singular)
c'hastelodenn (mutation-aspirate singular)
kastelodennoù (plural unmutated)
gastelodennoù (mutation-soft plural)
c'hastelodennoù (mutation-aspirate plural)


kastiz

kastizoù (plural)
kastiz (singular unmutated)
gastiz (mutation-soft singular)
c'hastiz (mutation-aspirate singular)
kastizoù (plural unmutated)
gastizoù (mutation-soft plural)
c'hastizoù (mutation-aspirate plural)


merglañ

From Middle Breton merglaff, denominative verb to mergl, an unclearly-formed derivative of Proto-Celtic *mergī (“rust”).


karter

karterioù (plural)
karter (singular unmutated)
garter (mutation-soft singular)
c'harter (mutation-aspirate singular)
karterioù (plural unmutated)
garterioù (mutation-soft plural)
c'harterioù (mutation-aspirate plural)


keuz

From Middle Breton queux, from Old Breton cos, from Proto-Brythonic *kọs, a borrowing from Latin cāseus. Cognate with Cornish keus, Welsh caws.


keuz

From Proto-Brythonic *kọð, from Proto-Celtic *kādos, from Proto-Indo-European *kéh₂d-o-s, from the root *keh₂d- (“concern, preoccupation, strong emotion, anger”).


Spagn

Spain (a country in Southern Europe, including most of the Iberian peninsula)


Galia

(chiefly historical) Gaul (a historical region of Western Europe referring to areas occupied by Celts during Roman times, roughly corresponding to modern France, Luxembourg, Belgium, most of Switzerland, and parts of Northern Italy (Lombardy), the Netherlands, and Germany west of the Rhine)


askell

askell f (dual divaskell, plural eskell)


logod

logod m (collective, singulative logodenn)


logod-dall

logod-dall f (collective, singulative logodenn-dall)


kroc'hen

kroc'hen m (plural krec’hin or krec’hen)

From Proto-Celtic *krokkenom (“skin”), probably loaned from a non-Indo-European substrate language. However, compare Proto-Germanic *hrugjaz (“ridge, back, spine”) and German Krug.
Cognate with Cornish kroghen, Irish craiceann; Welsh croen (< *kroknom).


gwiñver

From Proto-Celtic *wiweros. Cognate with Welsh gwiwer.

E-kreiz teñvalder o glasvez e sked sae gell-ruz ar gwiñver.

2019, James Bouillé, editor, Sketla Segobrani, page 117:


saout

From Old Breton solt, from Proto-Brythonic *solt, from Latin solidus (“a gold coin”). Compare Cornish sols (“shilling”) and Welsh swllt (“shilling”).


dañvadez

dañvadezed (plural)
dañvadez (singular unmutated)
zañvadez (mutation-soft singular)
tañvadez (mutation-hard singular)
dañvadezed (plural unmutated)
zañvadezed (mutation-soft plural)
tañvadezed (mutation-hard plural)


kig

kig (singular unmutated)
gig (mutation-soft singular)
c'hig (mutation-aspirate singular)
kigoù (plural unmutated)
gigoù (mutation-soft plural)
c'higoù (mutation-aspirate plural)

From Proto-Brythonic *kig (“meat”), from Proto-Celtic *kīkos (“breast”); compare Welsh cig (“meat”), Old Irish cích (“breast”).


Preden

Preden (unmutated)
Breden (mutation-soft)
Freden (mutation-aspirate)


nerzh

From Middle Breton nerz, from Old Breton nerth, from Proto-Brythonic *nerθ, from Proto-Celtic *nertom, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ner-to- (“virile, strong”), a derivative of *h₂nḗr (“man; vital energy”). Cognate with Cornish nerth, Welsh nerth and Irish neart.


Okitania

Occitania (a cultural region in southwestern Europe where Occitan has historically been spoken, consisting of southern France, parts of Catalonia in Spain, and some valleys in northwestern Italy)

Occitania (an administrative region in southern France)


Manav

Man, Isle of Man (an island and Crown dependency of the United Kingdom in the Irish Sea)


Enez Vanav

Isle of Man (an island and Crown dependency of the United Kingdom in the Irish Sea)


Gouezel

Gouezeled (plural)
Gouezel (singular unmutated)
C'houezel (mutation-soft singular)
Kouezel (mutation-hard singular)
Gouezeled (plural unmutated)
C'houezeled (mutation-soft plural)
Kouezeled (mutation-hard plural)

From Proto-Brythonic *guɨðel (compare Welsh Gwyddel (“Irishman”)), from Proto-Celtic *weidus (“wild”), from Proto-Indo-European *weydʰ- (“wood, wilderness”) (compare Old English wāþ (“hunt”)).


Galian

Galianed (plural)
Galian (singular unmutated)
C'halian (mutation-soft singular)
Kalian (mutation-hard singular)
Galianed (plural unmutated)
C'halianed (mutation-soft plural)
Kalianed (mutation-hard plural)

Gaul (native or inhabitant of the historical region of Gaul, or poetically the modern nation of France) (usually male)


golvan

golvini (plural)
golvan (singular unmutated)
c'holvan (mutation-soft singular)
kolvan (mutation-hard singular)
golvini (plural unmutated)
c'holvini (mutation-soft plural)
kolvini (mutation-hard plural)


goz

gozed (plural)
goz (singular unmutated)
c'hoz (mutation-soft singular)
koz (mutation-hard singular)
gozed (plural unmutated)
c'hozed (mutation-soft plural)
kozed (mutation-hard plural)

Related to South Wales gwadd and Cornish godh. The in the spelling "goz" derives from older /ð/ which survives in Leon (as /z/ or /s/) whereas /ð/ has become silent in most other dialects. Scholars such as Steve Hewitt and Iwan Wmffre suggest that old /ð/ be spelt as a with some diacritic mark (e.g. <ż>) to allow dialects differentiate between the outcomes of older /ð/ and /z/. The spelling "goz" wrongly suggests that the Cornouaille/Trégor pronunciation is [go:s] rather than [go:] (from older [go:ð]).


lagad

head

lagad m (dual daoulagad, plural lagadoù)

From Middle Breton and Old Breton lagat, from Proto-Brythonic *llugad. Cognate with Cornish lagas (“eye”), Welsh llygad (“eye”).

(figurative) light (of sun, moon, stars, etc.)


etre

etrezon (first-person singular)
etrezomp (first-person plural)
etrezout (second-person singular)
etrezoc'h (plural second-person)
etrezañ (masculine singular third-person)
etrezo (masculine plural third-person)
etrezi (feminine singular third-person)
etrezo (feminine plural third-person)
etrezor (impersonal)

From Middle Breton intre, from Old Breton entr-, from Proto-Brythonic *ɨntr (compare Cornish ynter, Welsh ythr), from Proto-Celtic *enter, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁entér (“between”).
Compare Old Irish eter, Latin inter, Sanskrit अन्तर् (antar), Albanian ndër.


kouign-amann

→ English: kouign-amann

→ French: kouign-amann

From kouign (“cake”) + amann (“butter”).


kouign

kouignoù (plural)
kouign (singular unmutated)
gouign (mutation-soft singular)
c'houign (mutation-aspirate singular)
kouignoù (plural unmutated)
gouignoù (mutation-soft plural)
c'houignoù (mutation-aspirate plural)

Borrowed from presumed older French *cuigne, attested in various dialects as cuignet, cuignot, cuignole, quignon, etc., from coin (“wedge”), from Latin cuneus.


-iz

Breizhiz: Bretons, people of Britanny.

found on plural nouns with the meaning of people of a country.


krampouezh

krampouezh ? (collective, singulative krampouezhenn)

Cognate with Cornish krampoth and Welsh crampwyth.


sukr

From Old French çucre, from Arabic سُكَّر (sukkar), from Persian شکر (šakar), from Sanskrit शर्करा (śárkarā, “ground or candied sugar”, originally “grit, gravel”).


pok

pokoù (plural)
pok (singular unmutated)
bok (mutation-soft singular)
fok (mutation-aspirate singular)
pokoù (plural unmutated)
bokoù (mutation-soft plural)
fokoù (mutation-aspirate plural)

From Middle Breton pocq (“kiss”), borrowed through Brythonic from Latin (dare) pācem (“to give peace”). See also Welsh impog, pocyn, pocan (“kiss”), Old Irish póc (“kiss”).


kontell

head

kontell f (plural kontelloù or kontilli)

From Middle Breton contell, derived from Vulgar Latin cuntellus, replacing Proto-Brythonic *kullell / Old Breton cultell (compare Cornish kollell, Welsh cyllell), from Latin cultellus.


stagell genurzhiañ

coordinating conjunction
coordinating conjunction


stagell isurzhiañ

subordinating conjunction
subordinating conjunction


kistin

kistinenn (singulative)
kistinenn (singular unmutated)
gistinenn (mutation-soft singular)
c'histinenn (mutation-aspirate singular)
kistin (plural unmutated)
gistin (mutation-soft plural)
c'histin (mutation-aspirate plural)

From Latin castanea (compare Cornish kesten), from Ancient Greek κᾰ́στᾰνᾰ (kắstănă).


kistinenn

kistinennoù (plural)
kestenenn (alternative)


kistinenn

kistinenned (plural)
kestenenn (alternative)


gwez-kistin

gwez-kistin ? (collective, singulative gwezenn-gistin)


gwez

gwez f (plural gwezioù, singulative gwezenn)

From Middle Breton guez, from Old Breton guid, from Proto-Brythonic *gwɨð, from Proto-Celtic *widus.


gwezenn-gistin

singulative of gwez-kistin (“chestnuts”)


gwerenn

gwerenn f (plural gwerennoù or gwerinier)


gwer

From Middle Breton guezr, from Proto-Brythonic *gwɨrð with influence from guezr (“glass”), a borrowing from Vulgar Latin virdis, from Latin viridis (“green”).


gwer

From Middle Breton guezr, from Proto-Brythonic *gwɨdr, a borrowing from Latin vitrum (“glass”).


mezventi

mezventioù (plural)
mezventi (singular unmutated)
vezventi (mutation-soft singular)
mezventioù (plural unmutated)
vezventioù (mutation-soft plural)


mezv

mezvez (feminine)
mezv (unmutated)
vezv (mutation-soft)
never occurs (mutation-aspirate)
never occurs (mutation-hard)


greun

From Proto-Brythonic *grọn, from Proto-Celtic *grānom, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵr̥h₂nóm.


evor

From Middle Breton euor, from Proto-Brythonic *eβor, from Proto-Celtic *eburos (“yew”).


kegin

From Middle Breton quiguin. Cognate with Cornish and Middle Welsh kegin (“jay”).


kegin

keginoù (plural)
kegin (singular unmutated)
gegin (mutation-soft singular)
c'hegin (mutation-aspirate singular)
keginoù (plural unmutated)
geginoù (mutation-soft plural)
c'heginoù (mutation-aspirate plural)

From Old Breton covin, from Proto-Brythonic *kögin (whence also Welsh cegin and Cornish kegin), from Late Latin cocīna, from earlier coquīna.


gwern

gwern ? (plural gwernioù, singulative gwernenn)

gwernioù (plural)
gwernenn (singulative)

From Middle Breton guern, from Old Breton guern, guaern, from Proto-Brythonic *gwern, from Proto-Celtic *wernā (compare Gaulish uerna, Old Irish fern and French vergne).


reiñ

From Middle Breton reiff, Proto-Brythonic *rroɣid (compare Cornish ri (“to give”), Welsh rhoi (“to give”)), from Proto-Celtic *rogīti (“to extend forward”) (compare Old Irish rogaid (“to extend”)), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃roǵéyeti (“to straighten”).


Tin

a diminutive of the male given name Kaourantin

a diminutive of the male given name Kaourintin


spered

From Proto-Brythonic *spɨrɨd, borrowed from Latin spiritus.


Breizhad

Breizhiz (plural)
Breizhad (singular unmutated)
Vreizhad (mutation-soft singular)
Preizhad (mutation-hard singular)
Breizhiz (plural unmutated)
Vreizhiz (mutation-soft plural)
Preizhiz (mutation-hard plural)


Tregeriad

Tregeriz (plural)
Tregeriad (singular unmutated)
Dregeriad (mutation-soft singular)
Zregeriad (mutation-aspirate singular)
Tregeriz (plural unmutated)
Dregeriz (mutation-soft plural)
Zregeriz (mutation-aspirate plural)


Tregeriadez

Tregeriadezed (plural)
Tregeriadez (singular unmutated)
Dregeriadez (mutation-soft singular)
Zregeriadez (mutation-aspirate singular)
Tregeriadezed (plural unmutated)
Dregeriadezed (mutation-soft plural)
Zregeriadezed (mutation-aspirate plural)


Treger

Trégor (a geographic region and former province now mostly part of the Côtes-d'Armor department, Brittany, France)


goprad

gopridi (plural)
goprad (singular unmutated)
c'hoprad (mutation-soft singular)
koprad (mutation-hard singular)
gopridi (plural unmutated)
c'hopridi (mutation-soft plural)
kopridi (mutation-hard plural)


Kernevad

Kerneviz (plural)
Kernevad (singular unmutated)
Gernevad (mutation-soft singular)
C'hernevad (mutation-aspirate singular)
Kerneviz (plural unmutated)
Gerneviz (mutation-soft plural)
C'herneviz (mutation-aspirate plural)


Gwenedad

Gwenediz (plural)
Gwenedad (singular unmutated)
Wenedad (mutation-soft singular)
Kwenedad (mutation-hard singular)
Gwenediz (plural unmutated)
Wenediz (mutation-soft plural)
Kwenediz (mutation-hard plural)


Gwenedadez

Gwenedadezed (plural)
Gwenedadez (singular unmutated)
Wenedadez (mutation-soft singular)
Kwenedadez (mutation-hard singular)
Gwenedadezed (plural unmutated)
Wenedadezed (mutation-soft plural)
Kwenedadezed (mutation-hard plural)


Kernevadez

Kernevadezed (plural)
Kernevadez (singular unmutated)
Gernevadez (mutation-soft singular)
C'hernevadez (mutation-aspirate singular)
Kernevadezed (plural unmutated)
Gernevadezed (mutation-soft plural)
C'hernevadezed (mutation-aspirate plural)


erc'h

From Proto-Brythonic *ėrɣ (“snow”). Compare Cornish ergh and Welsh eira.


kudenn

kudennoù (plural)
kudenn (singular unmutated)
gudenn (mutation-soft singular)
c'hudenn (mutation-aspirate singular)
kudennoù (plural unmutated)
gudennoù (mutation-soft plural)
c'hudennoù (mutation-aspirate plural)

From Proto-Celtic [Term?] (compare Welsh cudyn).


eñv

From Proto-Celtic *em (compare Welsh ef, Cornish ev).


c'hwi

From Old Breton hui, from Proto-Brythonic *hwi, from Proto-Celtic *swīs, from Proto-Indo-European *wos. Compare Welsh chwi.


bennak

From Middle Breton pennac, from Proto-Brythonic *pɨnnag.


pluñv

From Middle Breton pluff, from Proto-Brythonic *plʉβ̃, a borrowing from Latin plūma. Cognate with Cornish pluv, Welsh plu, pluf.


tev

tev (unmutated)
dev (mutation-soft)
zev (mutation-aspirate)
tew (alternative)

From Proto-Celtic *tegus (compare Cornish and Welsh tew, Old Irish tiug), from Proto-Indo-European *tégus (compare Old English þicce).


gour

head

gour m (plural goured or gourien or gourion)

goured (plural)
gourien (plural)
gourion (plural)

From Middle Breton *gur, from Old Breton gur, from Proto-Brythonic *gwur, from Proto-Celtic *wiros.


gwreg

gwragez (plural)
gwreg (singular unmutated)
wreg (mutation-soft singular)
kwreg (mutation-hard singular)
gwragez (plural unmutated)
wragez (mutation-soft plural)
kwragez (mutation-hard plural)

From Middle Breton gruec, from Proto-Brythonic *gwrėg.


laou

laou ? (collective, singulative laouenn)

From Middle Breton lou, from Proto-Brythonic *lou̯ā, *luu̯ā, from Proto-Celtic *luwā (compare Cornish low, Welsh llau), from Proto-Indo-European *lewH- (compare English louse).


preñv

preñv (singular unmutated)
breñv (mutation-soft singular)
freñv (mutation-aspirate singular)
preñved (plural unmutated)
breñved (mutation-soft plural)
freñved (mutation-aspirate plural)

From Middle Breton preff, from Proto-Brythonic *prɨβ̃, from Proto-Celtic *kʷrimis.


frouezh

frouezh ? (collective, singulative frouezhenn)

From Proto-Brythonic *fruɨθ, from Latin fructus (compare Welsh ffrwyth).


delienn

From Proto-Brythonic *döl, from Proto-Celtic *dolyā, from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰelh₁- (“blossom”). Related to del and cognate with Welsh dail.


gwrizienn

gwrizioù (plural)
gwrizienn (singular unmutated)
wrizienn (mutation-soft singular)
kwrizienn (mutation-hard singular)
gwrizioù (plural unmutated)
wrizioù (mutation-soft plural)
kwrizioù (mutation-hard plural)

From Middle Breton gruizyenn, from Old Breton uraed + -enn (compare Welsh gwreiddyn, Cornish gwreydhen), from Proto-Celtic *wradios, from Proto-Indo-European *wréh₂ds.


bleuñv

bleuñv m (collective, singulative bleuñvenn)

From Middle Breton bleuzff, from Old Breton bloduu, from Proto-Celtic *blātus (compare Welsh blodyn, Cornish bleujen, Irish bláth), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰleh₃- (“blossom, flower”).


gwelt

gweltenn (singulative)
gwelt (unmutated)
welt (mutation-soft)
kwelt (mutation-hard)
geot (alternative)

From Old Breton guelt, from Proto-Brythonic *gwellt, from Proto-Celtic *gʷeltā.


gweltenn

gweltenn (unmutated)
weltenn (mutation-soft)
kweltenn (mutation-hard)


geot

head

geot f (collective, singulative geotenn)

geotenn (singulative)
geot (unmutated)
c'heot (mutation-soft)
keot (mutation-hard)
gwelt (alternative)

From Old Breton guelt, from Proto-Brythonic *gwellt, from Proto-Celtic *gʷeltā (compare Welsh gwellt, Cornish gwels).


geotenn

geotenn (unmutated)
c'heotenn (mutation-soft)
keotenn (mutation-hard)


kordenn

kerdin (plural)
kordenn (singular unmutated)
gordenn (mutation-soft singular)
c'hordenn (mutation-aspirate singular)
kerdin (plural unmutated)
gerdin (mutation-soft plural)
c'herdin (mutation-aspirate plural)


gwad

gwadoù (plural)
gwad (singular unmutated)
wad (mutation-soft singular)
kwad (mutation-hard singular)
gwadoù (plural unmutated)
wadoù (mutation-soft plural)
kwadoù (mutation-hard plural)

From Proto-Celtic *waytos, probably ultimately from the root of gwythi (“veins”), see that entry for cognates. Cognate with Welsh gwaed, Cornish goos.


gwadgi

gwadgon (plural)
gwadgi (singular unmutated)
wadgi (mutation-soft singular)
kwadgi (mutation-hard singular)
gwadgon (plural unmutated)
wadgon (mutation-soft plural)
kwadgon (mutation-hard plural)


skouarn

skouarn f (plural skouarnoù, dual divskouarn)

From Middle Breton scouarn, from Proto-Brythonic *skuβarn. Cognate with Cornish skovarn, archaic Welsh ysgyfarn.

(figuratively) handle (of vase, pot, etc.)


genoù

genaouioù (plural)
genoù (singular unmutated)
c'henoù (mutation-soft singular)
kenoù (mutation-hard singular)
genaouioù (plural unmutated)
c'henaouioù (mutation-soft plural)
kenaouioù (mutation-hard plural)


ivin

ivinoù (plural)
ewin (alternative)
iwin (alternative)

From Middle Breton euin, from Old Breton eguin, from Proto-Brythonic *ėɣwin, from Proto-Celtic *angʷīnā (compare Cornish ewin, Welsh ewin, Irish ionga), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃nogʰ- (“nail”) (compare Latin unguis).


ivin

ivinenn (singulative)
ewin (alternative)
iwin (alternative)

From Middle Breton iuinenn, from Old Breton iuguinenn, from Proto-Celtic *iwos (compare Cornish ywin, Welsh yw, Old Irish eó), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁eyHw- (compare English yew).


kof

kofoù (plural)
kof (singular unmutated)
gof (mutation-soft singular)
c'hof (mutation-aspirate singular)
kofoù (plural unmutated)
gofoù (mutation-soft plural)
c'hofoù (mutation-aspirate plural)


bouzellenn

bouzelloù (plural)
bouzellenn (singular unmutated)
vouzellenn (mutation-soft singular)
pouzellenn (mutation-hard singular)
bouzelloù (plural unmutated)
vouzelloù (mutation-soft plural)
pouzelloù (mutation-hard plural)

(anatomy, mostly in the plural) intestine


gouzoug

gouzougoù (plural)
gouzoug (singular unmutated)
c'houzoug (mutation-soft singular)
kouzoug (mutation-hard singular)
gouzougoù (plural unmutated)
c'houzougoù (mutation-soft plural)
kouzougoù (mutation-hard plural)

From Middle Breton guozouc, from Old Breton guodoc (cognate to Welsh gwddwg), from Proto-Celtic *wodwos (“spoils”), from Proto-Indo-European *wedʰH- (“strike”). The sense evolution would be from referring to captives as (countable) necks.


traezh

traezh m (collective, plural traezhioù, singulative traezhenn)

traezhioù (plural)
traezhenn (singulative)

From Middle Breton traez (“beach”), from Proto-Brythonic *traɨθ, from Proto-Celtic *traxtus. Cognate with Cornish treth (“beach, sand”), Welsh traeth (“beach”), and Irish trácht (“beach”).


traezhenn

traezhenn f (plural traezhennoù, collective traezh)

traezhennoù (plural)
traezh (collective)


eurier-traezh

/øʁjɛʁˈtʁɛːs/


koumoul

koumoul m (collective, singulative koumoulenn)

koumoulenn (singulative)
koumoulenn (singular unmutated)
goumoulenn (mutation-soft singular)
c'houmoulenn (mutation-aspirate singular)
koumoul (plural unmutated)
goumoul (mutation-soft plural)
c'houmoul (mutation-aspirate plural)

From Proto-Brythonic *kuml, borrowed through Vulgar Latin from Latin cumulus (compare Welsh cwmwl).


oabl

oabl m (plural oabloù, singulative oablenn)

oabloù (plural)
oablenn (singulative)
oabr (alternative)
ebr (alternative)


oabrenn

oablenn (alternative)
ebrenn (alternative)


neñv

From Old Breton nem, from Proto-Brythonic *neβ̃, from Proto-Celtic *nemos, from Proto-Indo-European *nébʰos (“cloud”). Cognate with Cornish nev, Welsh nef and Irish neamh.


gwent

gwentoù (plural)
gwent (singular unmutated)
went (mutation-soft singular)
kwent (mutation-hard singular)
gwentoù (plural unmutated)
wentoù (mutation-soft plural)
kwentoù (mutation-hard plural)

From Proto-Brythonic *gwɨnt, from Proto-Celtic *wintos, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂wéh₁n̥ts (“blowing”), present participle of *h₂weh₁-.


sec'h

From Old Breton sech, from Proto-Brythonic *sɨx, from Latin siccus.


troad

treid (plural)
troad (singular unmutated)
droad (mutation-soft singular)
zroad (mutation-aspirate singular)
treid (plural unmutated)
dreid (mutation-soft plural)
zreid (mutation-aspirate plural)

From Proto-Celtic *tregess. Cognate with Welsh troed (“foot”).


houad

From Middle Breton houat, from Proto-Brythonic *(s)awjetos (compare Cornish hos, Welsh hwyad), from Proto-Celtic *awis (compare dialectal Irish aoi (“swan”)), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éwis (“bird”) (compare Latin avis).


kevredigezh

kevredigezhioù (plural)
kevredigezh (singular unmutated)
gevredigezh (mutation-soft singular)
c'hevredigezh (mutation-aspirate singular)
kevredigezhioù (plural unmutated)
gevredigezhioù (mutation-soft plural)
c'hevredigezhioù (mutation-aspirate plural)


abardaez

abardaezioù (plural)
abardahez (alternative)


nev

Proto-Celtic: *nāwā ("ship") (or borrowed from French nef, from Latin nāvis (“ship”).
Cognate with Cornish: new, Welsh: noe and Irish: nae.

(historical) nef, carrack, nau (of the 14th to 17th centuries).


arall

From Proto-Brythonic *arall, from Proto-Celtic *aralyos (“other”) (compare Welsh arall, Cornish aral, Irish araile), a dissimilated reduplication of *alyos (“other”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂élyos.


diwan

diwanoù (plural)
divan (singular unmutated)
zivan (mutation-soft singular)
tivan (mutation-hard singular)
divanoù (plural unmutated)
zivanoù (mutation-soft plural)
tivanoù (mutation-hard plural)


Asturiez

autonomous community
autonomous community

Asturias (an autonomous community and province of Spain, on the Spanish north coast facing the Cantabrian Sea)

Asturias (a former kingdom existing from c. 718 to 924 C.E., in modern northwest Spain and Portugal)


lestr

From Old Breton lestr, from Proto-Brythonic *llestr, from Proto-Celtic *lestrom (“pot”) (compare Welsh llestr (“vessel, receptacle”), Irish leastar), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *les- (“to gather”) + *-trom.


kargañ

kargañ (unmutated)
gargañ (mutation-soft)
c'hargañ (mutation-aspirate)

Ultimately from Late Latin carricō + -añ (compare French charger).


gwezhall

gwechall (alternative)
gwezharall (alternative)

gwezh + all. An older form gwezharall is also found, and a more modern form gwechall is found more often.


gwezh

gwezhioù (plural)
gwezh (singular unmutated)
wezh (mutation-soft singular)
kwezh (mutation-hard singular)
gwezhioù (plural unmutated)
wezhioù (mutation-soft plural)
kwezhioù (mutation-hard plural)
gwech (alternative)

From Old Breton gueith, from Proto-Brythonic *gweiθ, from Proto-Celtic *wextā (“time, course, turn”) (compare Cornish gweyth, Welsh gwaith, Old Irish fecht (“journey”)), feminine past participle of Proto-Indo-European *weǵʰ- (“to carry, drive”). A more modern form gwech is often found instead of the original form gwezh.

der

N'eo ket ar wezh kentañ e klask skrivañ ul lizher.

This is not the first time he tries writing a letter.


konikl

konikled (plural)
konikl (singular unmutated)
gonikl (mutation-soft singular)
c'honikl (mutation-aspirate singular)
konikled (plural unmutated)
gonikled (mutation-soft plural)
c'honikled (mutation-aspirate plural)
konifl (alternative)


marc'had

marc'hadoù (plural)
marc'had (singular unmutated)
varc'had (mutation-soft singular)
marc'hadoù (plural unmutated)
varc'hadoù (mutation-soft plural)

From Old Breton marchat, from Proto-Brythonic *marxad, from Vulgar Latin marcatus, from Latin mercātus.


laouen

From Middle Breton louen, from Old Breton louuen, from Proto-Brythonic *llowen, from Proto-Celtic *lowenos. Cognate with Cornish lowen, Welsh llawen.


deiz-ha-bloaz

deiz-ha-bloaz (unmutated)
zeiz-ha-bloaz (mutation-soft)
teiz-ha-bloaz (mutation-hard)


sevel

savan (first-person indicative present singular)
savez (indicative present second-person singular)
sav (indicative present singular third-person)
savomp (first-person indicative plural present)
savit (indicative plural present second-person)
savont (indicative plural present third-person)
saver (impersonal indicative present)
savis (first-person indicative preterite singular)
savjout (indicative preterite second-person singular)
savas (indicative preterite singular third-person)
savjomp (first-person indicative plural preterite)
savjoc'h (indicative plural preterite second-person)
savjont (indicative plural preterite third-person)
savjod (impersonal indicative preterite)
saven (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
saves (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
save (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
savemp (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
savec'h (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
savent (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
saved (imperfect impersonal indicative)
savin (first-person future indicative singular)
savi (future indicative second-person singular)
savo (future indicative singular third-person)
savimp (first-person future indicative plural)
savot (future indicative plural second-person)
savint (future indicative plural third-person)
savor (future impersonal indicative)
savfen (first-person present singular subjunctive)
savfes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
savfe (present singular subjunctive third-person)
savfemp (first-person plural present subjunctive)
savfec'h (plural present second-person subjunctive)
savfent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
savfed (impersonal present subjunctive)
savjen (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
savjes (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
savje (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
savjemp (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
savjec'h (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
savjent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
savjed (imperfect impersonal subjunctive)
sav (imperative second-person singular)
savet (imperative singular third-person)
savomp (first-person imperative plural)
savit (imperative plural second-person)
savent (imperative plural third-person)
o sevel (first-person participle present second-person singular)
savet (auxiliary verb: kaout) (participle past)

From Proto-Brythonic *stab-, from Proto-Indo-European *steh₂-; cognate with Cornish sav and Welsh sefyll.


montr

montroù (plural)
montr (singular unmutated)
vontr (mutation-soft singular)
montroù (plural unmutated)
vontroù (mutation-soft plural)

[...] that has not really happened in Breton, where they still say ma montr zo o tréssa [P] 'My watch is fixing (=being fixed)'.

1990, Thomas Arwyn Watkins, Martin John Ball, Celtic Linguistics / Ieithyddiaeth Geltaidd: Readings in the Brythonic Languages, page 178:


montroù

/ˈmɔ̃n.tʁɔʊ/


santel

From sant (“saint”) + -el (adjectival suffix).


tiern

tierned (plural)
tiern (singular unmutated)
diern (mutation-soft singular)
ziern (mutation-aspirate singular)
tierned (plural unmutated)
dierned (mutation-soft plural)
zierned (mutation-aspirate plural)

From Old Breton tiern, from Proto-Brythonic *tɨɣern, from Proto-Celtic *tigernos (compare Welsh teyrn, Cornish tern, Irish Tiarna, and Gaulish tigerno- (“lord, master of the house”)).


Gres

Southeast Europe
Southeast Europe#English


taran

taranoù (plural)
taran (singular unmutated)
daran (mutation-soft singular)
zaran (mutation-aspirate singular)
taranoù (plural unmutated)
daranoù (mutation-soft plural)
zaranoù (mutation-aspirate plural)

From Old Breton taran, from Proto-Brythonic *taran, from Proto-Celtic *toranos (“thunder”).


oaz

From Proto-Celtic *aydus (compare Welsh aidd, Old Irish áed), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eydʰ- (“burn; fire”) (compare Latin aedis, Old English ād (“pyre”), Ancient Greek αἴθω (aíthō)).


huzel

From Brito-Latin hybrid *sūdikul (compare Cornish hudhygel, Welsh huddygl), from Proto-Celtic *sūdiā (compare Old Irish suide), from Proto-Indo-European *suh₃d-, metathesis of Proto-Indo-European *sh₃ud- (compare English soot).

huzil (alternative)
huzilh (alternative)


melc'hwed

melc’hwed (canonical feminine)
melc’hwedenn (singulative)
melc'hwedenn (singular unmutated)
velc'hwedenn (mutation-soft singular)
melc'hwed (plural unmutated)
velc'hwed (mutation-soft plural)

From Proto-Brythonic *melw- (“soft”), from Proto-Celtic *meldo- (“pleasant, mild”), *mlido (“soft”), from Proto-Indo-European *ml̥dus (“soft, weak”); compare Breton melw (“snot”)); akin to Cornish melhwes, Welsh malwod. Also see Gaulish *multon- (“sheep”), which could be related. Cf. also Romanian melc (“snail”).


Grist

Krist (unmutated)
Grist (mutation-soft)
C'hrist (mutation-aspirate)


Krist

From Ecclesiastical Latin Christus, from Ancient Greek Χριστός (Khristós), proper noun use of χριστός (khristós, “anointed”), in translation of Biblical Hebrew מָשִׁיחַ (māšîaḥ, “anointed”). Cognate to Welsh Crist and Cornish Krist.


kazetenn

kazetennoù (plural)
kazetenn (singular unmutated)
gazetenn (mutation-soft singular)
c'hazetenn (mutation-aspirate singular)
kazetennoù (plural unmutated)
gazetennoù (mutation-soft plural)
c'hazetennoù (mutation-aspirate plural)


koad

From Middle Breton coat, from Proto-Brythonic *koɨd, from Proto-Celtic *kaitos, from Proto-Indo-European *kayt-, *ḱayt- (“forest, wasteland, pasture”). Cognate with Welsh coed, English heath.


karantez

karantezioù (plural)
karantez (singular unmutated)
garantez (mutation-soft singular)
c'harantez (mutation-aspirate singular)
karantezioù (plural unmutated)
garantezioù (mutation-soft plural)
c'harantezioù (mutation-aspirate plural)

From Middle Breton carat (recorded in the Catholicon), from Proto-Brythonic *karɨd, from Proto-Celtic *kareti (“to love”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *keh₂- (“to desire, wish”). Cognate with Cornish kara and Welsh caru.


kousket

From Middle Breton cousquet, from Proto-Brythonic *kuskɨd, from Proto-Celtic *kuxsketi (compare Cornish koska, Welsh cysgu), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱewb- (compare Latin cubō (“I recline”)).


boutailh

boutailhoù (plural)
boutailh (singular unmutated)
voutailh (mutation-soft singular)
poutailh (mutation-hard singular)
boutailhoù (plural unmutated)
voutailhoù (mutation-soft plural)
poutailhoù (mutation-hard plural)
boutaill (alternative)


balafenn

balafenned (plural)
balafenn (singular unmutated)
valafenn (mutation-soft singular)
palafenn (mutation-hard singular)
balafenned (plural unmutated)
valafenned (mutation-soft plural)
palafenned (mutation-hard plural)


Suis

Switzerland (a country in Western Europe and Central Europe)


c'hoar

From Proto-Brythonic *hwoɨr, from Proto-Celtic *swesūr, from Proto-Indo-European *swésōr. Compare Welsh chwaer.


eur

From Proto-Brythonic *ọr, from Latin hōra. Cognate with Cornish eur and Welsh awr.


munutenn

munutennoù (plural)
munutenn (singular unmutated)
vunutenn (mutation-soft singular)
munutennoù (plural unmutated)
vunutennoù (mutation-soft plural)


krec'h

Mentioned in the Catholicon (Middle Breton crech), from Proto-Brythonic *krɨx, from Proto-Celtic *krixsos (“curly”) (compare Cornish crygh (“curly”), Welsh crych (“curly”), Gaulish crixsos (“curly, crispy”)), from Proto-Indo-European *kripso- (compare Latin crispus).


krec'h

krec'hioù (plural)
krec'h (singular unmutated)
grec'h (mutation-soft singular)
c'hrec'h (mutation-aspirate singular)
krec'hioù (plural unmutated)
grec'hioù (mutation-soft plural)
c'hrec'hioù (mutation-aspirate plural)

Mentioned in the Catholicon (Middle Breton knech).
From Old Breton cnoch, from Proto-Brythonic *knux, from Proto-Celtic *knukkos (“hill”) (compare Welsh cnwch (“hill, mount”), Irish cnoc (“hill, mount”)).


tanet

formed by tan- of the verbal base tanañ and the ending -et

… : nann da, gaou eo ar vartezeadenn-se ha ken ker ha n'eus forzh pelec'h e vez gwerzhet du-hont ar segalennoù a dalv ar boan bezañ tanet. — (Jarl Priel, Va Zammig Buhez, Al Liamm, 1954, p. 96.)

N'emaomp ket hep gouzout int bet aet da Garaez, penn-da-benn gant ar Stêr Aon en o bagoù bihan, hag o deus bet tanet ar c'hêrioù ha graet freuz ha reuz, azalek Kelern ha Meilh-ar-Wern betek kêrbenn ar Poher... — (Yeun ar Gow, E Skeud Tour Bras Sant Jermen, 1955, eil emb. Al Liamm, 1978, p. 13.)

Tanet em eus ma butunenn ziwezhañ daoust m'emaomp en arvar da vougañ gant moged ar pakad a zo aet endeo. (Mich Beyer, Seizh Devezh Warn-ugent, An Alarc'h Embannadurioù, 2006, p. 15.)


tannoed

tannoedoù (plural)
tannoed (singular unmutated)
dannoed (mutation-soft singular)
zannoed (mutation-aspirate singular)
tannoedoù (plural unmutated)
dannoedoù (mutation-soft plural)
zannoedoù (mutation-aspirate plural)


kivijer

kivijerien (plural)
kivijer (singular unmutated)
givijer (mutation-soft singular)
c'hivijer (mutation-aspirate singular)
kivijerien (plural unmutated)
givijerien (mutation-soft plural)
c'hivijerien (mutation-aspirate plural)


kemener

kemenerien (plural)
kemener (singular unmutated)
gemener (mutation-soft singular)
c'hemener (mutation-aspirate singular)
kemenerien (plural unmutated)
gemenerien (mutation-soft plural)
c'hemenerien (mutation-aspirate plural)

With agentive suffix -er derived from kemenañ, from Proto-Brythonic *kummɨnad, from Proto-Celtic *kombinati.


kanañ

kanañ (unmutated)
ganañ (mutation-soft)
c'hanañ (mutation-aspirate)
kanan (first-person indicative present singular)
kanez (indicative present second-person singular)
kan (indicative present singular third-person)
kanomp (first-person indicative plural present)
kanit (indicative plural present second-person)
kanont (indicative plural present third-person)
kaner (impersonal indicative present)
kanis (first-person indicative preterite singular)
kanjout (indicative preterite second-person singular)
kanas (indicative preterite singular third-person)
kanjomp (first-person indicative plural preterite)
kanjoc'h (indicative plural preterite second-person)
kanjont (indicative plural preterite third-person)
kanjod (impersonal indicative preterite)
kanen (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
kanes (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
kane (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
kanemp (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
kanec'h (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
kanent (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
kaned (imperfect impersonal indicative)
kanin (first-person future indicative singular)
kani (future indicative second-person singular)
kano (future indicative singular third-person)
kanimp (first-person future indicative plural)
kanot (future indicative plural second-person)
kanint (future indicative plural third-person)
kanor (future impersonal indicative)
kanfen (first-person present singular subjunctive)
kanfes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
kanfe (present singular subjunctive third-person)
kanfemp (first-person plural present subjunctive)
kanfec'h (plural present second-person subjunctive)
kanfent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
kanfed (impersonal present subjunctive)
kanjen (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
kanjes (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
kanje (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
kanjemp (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
kanjec'h (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
kanjent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
kanjed (imperfect impersonal subjunctive)
kan (imperative second-person singular)
kanet (imperative singular third-person)
kanomp (first-person imperative plural)
kanit (imperative plural second-person)
kanent (imperative plural third-person)
o kanañ (first-person participle present second-person singular)
kanet (auxiliary verb: kaout) (participle past)

Cognate with Cornish kana and Welsh canu.


gouzout

gouzon (first-person indicative present singular)
gouzout (indicative present second-person singular)
goar (indicative present singular third-person)
gouzomp (first-person indicative plural present)
gouzoc'h (indicative plural present second-person)
gouzont (indicative plural present third-person)
gouzer (impersonal indicative present)
gouezis (first-person indicative preterite singular)
gouejout (indicative preterite second-person singular)
gouezas (indicative preterite singular third-person)
gouejomp (first-person indicative plural preterite)
gouejoc'h (indicative plural preterite second-person)
gouejont (indicative plural preterite third-person)
gouejod (impersonal indicative preterite)
gouien (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
gouies (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
gouie (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
gouiemp (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
gouiec'h (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
gouient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
gouied (imperfect impersonal indicative)
gouezin (first-person future indicative singular)
gouezi (future indicative second-person singular)
gouezo (future indicative singular third-person)
gouezimp (first-person future indicative plural)
gouiot (future indicative plural second-person)
gouezint (future indicative plural third-person)
gouezor (future impersonal indicative)
goufen (first-person present singular subjunctive)
goufes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
goufe (present singular subjunctive third-person)
goufemp (first-person plural present subjunctive)
goufec'h (plural present second-person subjunctive)
goufent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
goufed (impersonal present subjunctive)
gouijen (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
gouijes (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
gouije (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
gouijemp (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
gouijec'h (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
gouijent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
gouijed (imperfect impersonal subjunctive)
gouez (imperative second-person singular)
gouezet (imperative singular third-person)
gouezomp (first-person imperative plural)
gouezit (imperative plural second-person)
gouezent (imperative plural third-person)
o c'houzout (first-person participle present second-person singular)
gouezet (auxiliary verb: kaout) (participle past)
gouzout (unmutated)
c'houzout (mutation-soft)
kouzout (mutation-hard)
c'houzout (mixed)

From Middle Breton gouzvout, from Old Breton gudbut, guzbut; from a Proto-Breton form *gwezboud (cf. Welsh gwybod), originally a compound of bezañ (“to be”) (older infinitive form boud or bout) with gouz, an adjective derived from Proto-Celtic *wid-, from Proto-Indo-European *weyd- (“to know”). Cognate with Cornish godhvos and Welsh gwybod.


kanevedenn

kanevedennoù (plural)
kanevedenn (singular unmutated)
ganevedenn (mutation-soft singular)
c'hanevedenn (mutation-aspirate singular)
kanevedennoù (plural unmutated)
ganevedennoù (mutation-soft plural)
c'hanevedennoù (mutation-aspirate plural)


c'hoari

c'hoarian (first-person indicative present singular)
c'hoariez (indicative present second-person singular)
c'hoari (indicative present singular third-person)
c'hoariomp (first-person indicative plural present)
c'hoariit (indicative plural present second-person)
c'hoariont (indicative plural present third-person)
c'hoarier (impersonal indicative present)
c'hoariis (first-person indicative preterite singular)
c'hoarijout (indicative preterite second-person singular)
c'hoarias (indicative preterite singular third-person)
c'hoarijomp (first-person indicative plural preterite)
c'hoarijoc'h (indicative plural preterite second-person)
c'hoarijont (indicative plural preterite third-person)
c'hoarijod (impersonal indicative preterite)
c'hoarien (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
c'hoaries (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
c'hoarie (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
c'hoariemp (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
c'hoariec'h (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
c'hoarient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
c'hoaried (imperfect impersonal indicative)
c'hoariin (first-person future indicative singular)
c'hoarii (future indicative second-person singular)
c'hoario (future indicative singular third-person)
c'hoariimp (first-person future indicative plural)
c'hoariot (future indicative plural second-person)
c'hoariint (future indicative plural third-person)
c'hoarior (future impersonal indicative)
c'hoarifen (first-person present singular subjunctive)
c'hoarifes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
c'hoarife (present singular subjunctive third-person)
c'hoarifemp (first-person plural present subjunctive)
c'hoarifec'h (plural present second-person subjunctive)
c'hoarifent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
c'hoarifed (impersonal present subjunctive)
c'hoarijen (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
c'hoarijes (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
c'hoarije (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
c'hoarijemp (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
c'hoarijec'h (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
c'hoarijent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
c'hoarijed (imperfect impersonal subjunctive)
c'hoari (imperative second-person singular)
c'hoariet (imperative singular third-person)
c'hoariomp (first-person imperative plural)
c'hoariit (imperative plural second-person)
c'hoarient (imperative plural third-person)
o c'hoari (first-person participle present second-person singular)
c'hoariet (auxiliary verb: kaout) (participle past)

Of uncertain ultimate origin; VGK suggests Proto-Celtic *worigo-, related to Irish fuirech (*fo-rig), second element possibly related to *regeti (“to stretch, straighten”)). Compare Welsh chwarae (“to play, perform with”).


bleunienn

bleunioù (plural)
bleunienn (singular unmutated)
vleunienn (mutation-soft singular)
pleunienn (mutation-hard singular)
bleunioù (plural unmutated)
vleunioù (mutation-soft plural)
pleunioù (mutation-hard plural)


moger

mogerioù (plural)
moger (singular unmutated)
voger (mutation-soft singular)
mogerioù (plural unmutated)
vogerioù (mutation-soft plural)


logodenn

singulative of logod (“mice; meatballs”)


maneg

From Proto-Brythonic *maneg, from Latin manica. Cognate with Welsh maneg, Cornish manek, and more distantly Irish muinchille.


kaout

kaout (unmutated)
gaout (mutation-soft)
c'haout (mutation-aspirate)
am eus (first-person indicative present singular)
am boa (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
am boe (first-person indicative preterite singular)
am bo (first-person future indicative singular)
am bez (first-person indicative present singular)
am beze (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
am befe (conditional first-person present singular)
am bije (conditional first-person imperfect singular)
am bezet (first-person imperative singular)
ac'h eus (indicative present second-person singular)
az peus (indicative present second-person singular)
az poa (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
az poe (indicative preterite second-person singular)
az po (future indicative second-person singular)
az pez (indicative present second-person singular)
az peze (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
az pefe (conditional present second-person singular)
az pije (conditional imperfect second-person singular)
az pezet (imperative second-person singular)
az pez (imperative second-person singular)
en deus (indicative present singular third-person)
en doa (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
devoa (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
en doe (indicative preterite singular third-person)
devoe (indicative preterite singular third-person)
en do (future indicative singular third-person)
en devo (future indicative singular third-person)
en dez (indicative present singular third-person)
en devez (indicative present singular third-person)
en deze (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
en deveze (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
en defe (conditional present singular third-person)
en dije (conditional imperfect singular third-person)
en devezet (imperative singular third-person)
he deus (indicative present singular third-person)
he doa (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
he doe (indicative preterite singular third-person)
he do (future indicative singular third-person)
he devo (future indicative singular third-person)
he dez (indicative present singular third-person)
he devez (indicative present singular third-person)
he deze (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
he deveze (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
he defe (conditional present singular third-person)
he dije (conditional imperfect singular third-person)
he devezet (imperative singular third-person)
hon eus (first-person indicative plural present)
hor boa (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
hor boe (first-person indicative plural preterite)
hor bo (first-person future indicative plural)
hor bez (first-person indicative plural present)
hor beze (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
hor befe (conditional first-person plural present)
hor bije (conditional first-person imperfect plural)
hor bezet (first-person imperative plural)
hoc'h eus (indicative plural present second-person)
ho peus (indicative plural present second-person)
ho poa (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
ho poe (indicative plural preterite second-person)
ho po (future indicative plural second-person)
ho pez (indicative plural present second-person)
ho peze (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
ho pefe (conditional plural present second-person)
ho pije (conditional imperfect plural second-person)
ho pezet (imperative plural second-person)
ho pet (imperative plural second-person)
o deus (indicative plural present third-person)
o doa (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
devoa (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
o doe (indicative plural preterite third-person)
devoe (indicative plural preterite third-person)
o do (future indicative plural third-person)
o devo (future indicative plural third-person)
o dez (indicative plural present third-person)
o devez (indicative plural present third-person)
o deze (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
o deveze (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
o defe (conditional plural present third-person)
o dije (conditional imperfect plural third-person)
o devezet (imperative plural third-person)
ez eus (impersonal indicative present)
a oa (imperfect impersonal indicative)
a voe (impersonal indicative preterite)
a vo (future impersonal indicative)
a vez (impersonal indicative present)
a veze (imperfect impersonal indicative)
a vefe (conditional impersonal present)
a vije (conditional imperfect impersonal)
kaout (infinitive)
endevout (infinitive)
en devout (infinitive)
Present participle: no one (infinitive)

Infinitive from kavout (to find), all other forms from the verb bezañ (to be). Cognate with Cornish kavos and y'm beus.


Bro-C'hall

France (a country located primarily in Western Europe)


korolliñ

o korolliñ (mutated)
korollan (first-person indicative present singular)
korollez (indicative present second-person singular)
koroll (indicative present singular third-person)
korollomp (first-person indicative plural present)
korollit (indicative plural present second-person)
korollont (indicative plural present third-person)
koroller (impersonal indicative present)
korollis (first-person indicative preterite singular)
korolljout (indicative preterite second-person singular)
korollas (indicative preterite singular third-person)
korolljomp (first-person indicative plural preterite)
korolljoc'h (indicative plural preterite second-person)
korolljont (indicative plural preterite third-person)
korolljod (impersonal indicative preterite)
korollen (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
korolles (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
korolle (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
korollemp (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
korollec'h (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
korollent (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
korolled (imperfect impersonal indicative)
korollin (first-person future indicative singular)
korolli (future indicative second-person singular)
korollo (future indicative singular third-person)
korollimp (first-person future indicative plural)
korollot (future indicative plural second-person)
korollint (future indicative plural third-person)
korollor (future impersonal indicative)
korollfen (first-person present singular subjunctive)
korollfes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
korollfe (present singular subjunctive third-person)
korollfemp (first-person plural present subjunctive)
korollfec'h (plural present second-person subjunctive)
korollfent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
korollfed (impersonal present subjunctive)
korolljen (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
korolljes (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
korollje (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
korolljemp (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
korolljec'h (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
korolljent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
korolljed (imperfect impersonal subjunctive)
koroll (imperative second-person singular)
korollet (imperative singular third-person)
korollomp (first-person imperative plural)
korollit (imperative plural second-person)
korollent (imperative plural third-person)
o korolliñ (first-person participle present second-person singular)
korolliñ (unmutated)
gorolliñ (mutation-soft)
c'horolliñ (mutation-aspirate)

Likely from Italian carola. Compare Cornish karolli, English carol.


bagad

bagad (singular unmutated)
vagad (mutation-soft singular)
pagad (mutation-hard singular)
bagadoù (plural unmutated)
vagadoù (mutation-soft plural)
pagadoù (mutation-hard plural)

Originally "cluster," "bunch," from Middle Breton bagat, from Old Breton bacat, possibly ultimately borrowed from Latin baca (“berry, pearl”), or otherwise from its same ultimate source.