Perzefona

Perzefona (mutation singular unmutated)
Berzefona (mutation mutation-soft singular)
Ferzefona (mutation mutation-aspirate singular)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Περσεφόνη (Persephónē).


Hypnos

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ὕπνος (Húpnos).


leti

From Proto-Brythonic *llettɨɣ (compare Welsh llety).


goañv

goañvoù (plural)
goañv (mutation singular unmutated)
c'hoañv (mutation mutation-soft singular)
koañv (mutation mutation-hard singular)
goañvoù (mutation plural unmutated)
c'hoañvoù (mutation mutation-soft plural)
koañvoù (mutation mutation-hard plural)

From Middle Breton gouaff, from Old Breton guoiam, guiam, from Proto-Celtic *gyemos (compare Welsh gaeaf, Cornish gwav, Old Irish gaim), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰyem- (compare Latin hiems).


distagadur

distagadurioù (plural)
distagadur (mutation singular unmutated)
zistagadur (mutation mutation-soft singular)
tistagadur (mutation mutation-hard singular)
distagadurioù (mutation plural unmutated)
zistagadurioù (mutation mutation-soft plural)
tistagadurioù (mutation mutation-hard plural)


banniel

bannieloù (plural)
banniel (mutation singular unmutated)
vanniel (mutation mutation-soft singular)
panniel (mutation mutation-hard singular)
bannieloù (mutation plural unmutated)
vannieloù (mutation mutation-soft plural)
pannieloù (mutation mutation-hard plural)


piv

From Proto-Brythonic *puɨ, from Proto-Celtic *kʷei (compare Welsh pwy, Cornish piw), from Proto-Indo-European *kʷis.
`

Piv eo?


bihan

bihan (mutation unmutated)
vihan (mutation mutation-soft)
never occurs (mutation mutation-aspirate)
never occurs (mutation mutation-hard)
bihanoc'h (comparative mutation unmutated)
vihanoc'h (comparative mutation mutation-soft)
never occurs (comparative mutation mutation-aspirate)
never occurs (comparative mutation mutation-hard)
bihanañ (mutation superlative unmutated)
vihanañ (mutation mutation-soft superlative)
pihanañ (mutation mutation-hard superlative)

From Middle Breton bihan, from Proto-Brythonic *bɨx. Cognate with Welsh bychan

Mor-Bihan

small sea; Department in Brittany, meaning


kuzul

kuzulioù (plural)
kuzul (mutation singular unmutated)
guzul (mutation mutation-soft singular)
c'huzul (mutation mutation-aspirate singular)
kuzulioù (mutation plural unmutated)
guzulioù (mutation mutation-soft plural)
c'huzulioù (mutation mutation-aspirate plural)

Kuzul Sevenadurel Breizh


mamm

mammoù (plural)
mamm (mutation singular unmutated)
vamm (mutation mutation-soft singular)
mammoù (mutation plural unmutated)
vammoù (mutation mutation-soft plural)


divyezhek

divyezhek (mutation unmutated)
zivyezhek (mutation mutation-soft)
never occurs (mutation mutation-aspirate)
never occurs (mutation mutation-hard)
never occurs (comparative mutation mutation-aspirate)
never occurs (comparative mutation mutation-hard)

From div- (“two”) + yezh (“language”) + -ek.

ur skol divyezhek


divyezhegezh

divyezhegezh (mutation singular unmutated)
zivyezhegezh (mutation mutation-soft singular)
tivyezhegezh (mutation mutation-hard singular)


dazont

From amzer-da-zont: amzer ("time") + da ("to") + zont (mutation of mont, "to go").


amzer-da-zont

amzer ("time") + da ("to") + zont (mutation of dont, "to come")


bonreizh

bonreizhoù (plural)
bonreizh (mutation singular unmutated)
vonreizh (mutation mutation-soft singular)
ponreizh (mutation mutation-hard singular)
bonreizhoù (mutation plural unmutated)
vonreizhoù (mutation mutation-soft plural)
ponreizhoù (mutation mutation-hard plural)

From bon (“base”) + reizh (“right”), from Proto-Celtic *bonus + *rextus. Coined in the 1960s as a calque of Irish bunreacht.

Kemmet e vo ar Vonreizh.


ebet

Hep brezhoneg, Breizh ebet.

Without the Breton language, (there is) no Britanny.


geriadur

geriadurioù (plural)
geriadur (mutation singular unmutated)
c'heriadur (mutation mutation-soft singular)
keriadur (mutation mutation-hard singular)
geriadurioù (mutation plural unmutated)
c'heriadurioù (mutation mutation-soft plural)
keriadurioù (mutation mutation-hard plural)

From ger (“word”) + -adur, cognate to Welsh geiriadur.


geriadurioù

geriadur (mutation singular unmutated)
c'heriadur (mutation mutation-soft singular)
keriadur (mutation mutation-hard singular)
geriadurioù (mutation plural unmutated)
c'heriadurioù (mutation mutation-soft plural)
keriadurioù (mutation mutation-hard plural)


-adur

deiz (“day”) + -adur → deiziadur (“calendar”)

ger (“word”) + -adur → geriadur (“dictionary”)

yezh (“language”) + -adur → yezhadur (“grammar”)

To make a noun of another word. The meaning of the noun can vary.


doujañ

doujañ (mutation unmutated)
zoujañ (mutation mutation-soft)
toujañ (mutation mutation-hard)
toujañ (mutation mutation-mixed)
doujan (first-person indicative present singular)
doujen (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
doujis (first-person indicative preterite singular)
doujin (first-person future indicative singular)
doujfen (conditional first-person present singular)
doujjen (conditional first-person imperfect singular)
doujez (indicative present second-person singular)
doujes (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
doujjout (indicative preterite second-person singular)
douji (future indicative second-person singular)
doujfes (conditional present second-person singular)
doujjes (conditional imperfect second-person singular)
douj (imperative second-person singular)
douj (indicative present singular third-person)
douje (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
doujas (indicative preterite singular third-person)
doujo (future indicative singular third-person)
doujfe (conditional present singular third-person)
doujje (conditional imperfect singular third-person)
doujet (imperative singular third-person)
doujomp (first-person indicative plural present)
doujemp (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
doujjomp (first-person indicative plural preterite)
doujimp (first-person future indicative plural)
doujfemp (conditional first-person plural present)
doujjemp (conditional first-person imperfect plural)
doujomp (first-person imperative plural)
doujit (indicative plural present second-person)
doujec'h (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
doujjoc'h (indicative plural preterite second-person)
doujot (future indicative plural second-person)
doujfec'h (conditional plural present second-person)
doujjec'h (conditional imperfect plural second-person)
doujit (imperative plural second-person)
doujont (indicative plural present third-person)
doujent (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
doujjont (indicative plural preterite third-person)
doujint (future indicative plural third-person)
doujfent (conditional plural present third-person)
doujjent (conditional imperfect plural third-person)
doujent (imperative plural third-person)
doujer (impersonal indicative present)
doujed (imperfect impersonal indicative)
doujjod (impersonal indicative preterite)
doujor (future impersonal indicative)
doujfed (conditional impersonal present)
doujjed (conditional imperfect impersonal)
doujañ (imperfect infinitive preterite)
douja (imperfect infinitive preterite)
a zouj- (mutation-soft)
o toujañ (imperfect participle present preterite)
e touj- (mutation-mixed)
doujet (auxiliary verb: kaout) (imperfect participle past preterite)
ne (mutation-soft)
na zouj- (mutation-soft)


neuze

N'eo ket se ? Petra eo neuze ?


laezh

From Middle Breton laez, from Old Breton laed, from Proto-Brythonic *llaɨθ, borrowed from Latin lac. Cognates include Welsh llaeth and Cornish leth.

Ur banne laezh.


kemmadur

kemmadurioù (plural)
kemmadur (mutation singular unmutated)
gemmadur (mutation mutation-soft singular)
c'hemmadur (mutation mutation-aspirate singular)
kemmadurioù (mutation plural unmutated)
gemmadurioù (mutation mutation-soft plural)
c'hemmadurioù (mutation mutation-aspirate plural)

mutation (grammar; specifically Breton mutations)


buhez

buhezioù (plural)
buhez (mutation singular unmutated)
vuhez (mutation mutation-soft singular)
puhez (mutation mutation-hard singular)
buhezioù (mutation plural unmutated)
vuhezioù (mutation mutation-soft plural)
puhezioù (mutation mutation-hard plural)


personed

person (mutation singular unmutated)
berson (mutation mutation-soft singular)
ferson (mutation mutation-aspirate singular)
personed (mutation plural unmutated)
bersoned (mutation mutation-soft plural)
fersoned (mutation mutation-aspirate plural)


ruz

From Proto-Brythonic *rrʉð, from Proto-Celtic *roudos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rewdʰ-.

gwin ruz


banne

banneoù (plural)
banne (mutation singular unmutated)
vanne (mutation mutation-soft singular)
panne (mutation mutation-hard singular)
banneoù (mutation plural unmutated)
vanneoù (mutation mutation-soft plural)
panneoù (mutation mutation-hard plural)

ur banne bier: a glass of beer


adarre

Compare Old Irish aitherrech (“repetition”), (whence modern Irish athrach). If related, the oft-cited etymology *ati-ɸeri-rek-om for the Irish word becomes impossible, since the root-final velar should not have been lost in Breton.


gwin

gwinoù (plural)
gwin (mutation singular unmutated)
win (mutation mutation-soft singular)
kwin (mutation mutation-hard singular)
gwinoù (mutation plural unmutated)
winoù (mutation mutation-soft plural)
kwinoù (mutation mutation-hard plural)

From Proto-Brythonic *gwin, from late Proto-Celtic *wīnom, borrowed from Latin vīnum.


kavout

kavout (mutation unmutated)
gavout (mutation mutation-soft)
c'havout (mutation mutation-aspirate)
kavan (first-person indicative present singular)
kaven (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
kavis (first-person indicative preterite singular)
kavin (first-person future indicative singular)
kavfen (conditional first-person present singular)
kavjen (conditional first-person imperfect singular)
kavez (indicative present second-person singular)
kaves (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
kavjout (indicative preterite second-person singular)
kavi (future indicative second-person singular)
kavfes (conditional present second-person singular)
kavjes (conditional imperfect second-person singular)
kav (imperative second-person singular)
kav (indicative present singular third-person)
kave (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
kavas (indicative preterite singular third-person)
kavo (future indicative singular third-person)
kavfe (conditional present singular third-person)
kavje (conditional imperfect singular third-person)
kavet (imperative singular third-person)
kavomp (first-person indicative plural present)
kavemp (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
kavjomp (first-person indicative plural preterite)
kavimp (first-person future indicative plural)
kavfemp (conditional first-person plural present)
kavjemp (conditional first-person imperfect plural)
kavomp (first-person imperative plural)
kavit (indicative plural present second-person)
kavec'h (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
kavjoc'h (indicative plural preterite second-person)
kavot (future indicative plural second-person)
kavfec'h (conditional plural present second-person)
kavjec'h (conditional imperfect plural second-person)
kavit (imperative plural second-person)
kavont (indicative plural present third-person)
kavent (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
kavjont (indicative plural preterite third-person)
kavint (future indicative plural third-person)
kavfent (conditional plural present third-person)
kavjent (conditional imperfect plural third-person)
kavent (imperative plural third-person)
kaver (impersonal indicative present)
kaved (imperfect impersonal indicative)
kavjod (impersonal indicative preterite)
kavor (future impersonal indicative)
kavfed (conditional impersonal present)
kavjed (conditional imperfect impersonal)
kavout (imperfect infinitive preterite)
a gav- (mutation-soft)
o kavout (imperfect participle present preterite)
e kav- (mutation-mixed)
ne (mutation-soft)
na gav- (mutation-soft)

From Middle Breton caffout, from Proto-Celtic *gabyeti. Compare Cornish kavos and the forms of Welsh cael with an -f- or -ff-.

(reflexive, intransitive, reflexive form: en em gavout) to be at a place, find oneself


kelenn

Attested in the Catholicon as Middle Breton quelenn, from Old Breton colaenn, from Proto-Brythonic *kolɨn, from Proto-Celtic *kolinos (compare Old Irish cuilenn m (“(wood of the) holly-tree”), Cornish kelyn, Welsh celyn), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱol- (“thorn, thorny plant”) (compare English holly), from *ḱel- (“to cut”).


hadañ

hadan (first-person indicative present singular)
haden (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
hadis (first-person indicative preterite singular)
hadin (first-person future indicative singular)
hadfen (conditional first-person present singular)
hadjen (conditional first-person imperfect singular)
hadez (indicative present second-person singular)
hades (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
hadjout (indicative preterite second-person singular)
hadi (future indicative second-person singular)
hadfes (conditional present second-person singular)
hadjes (conditional imperfect second-person singular)
had (imperative second-person singular)
had (indicative present singular third-person)
hade (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
hadas (indicative preterite singular third-person)
hado (future indicative singular third-person)
hadfe (conditional present singular third-person)
hadje (conditional imperfect singular third-person)
hadet (imperative singular third-person)
hadomp (first-person indicative plural present)
hademp (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
hadjomp (first-person indicative plural preterite)
hadimp (first-person future indicative plural)
hadfemp (conditional first-person plural present)
hadjemp (conditional first-person imperfect plural)
hadomp (first-person imperative plural)
hadit (indicative plural present second-person)
hadec'h (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
hadjoc'h (indicative plural preterite second-person)
hadot (future indicative plural second-person)
hadfec'h (conditional plural present second-person)
hadjec'h (conditional imperfect plural second-person)
hadit (imperative plural second-person)
hadont (indicative plural present third-person)
hadent (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
hadjont (indicative plural preterite third-person)
hadint (future indicative plural third-person)
hadfent (conditional plural present third-person)
hadjent (conditional imperfect plural third-person)
hadent (imperative plural third-person)
hader (impersonal indicative present)
haded (imperfect impersonal indicative)
hadjod (impersonal indicative preterite)
hador (future impersonal indicative)
hadfed (conditional impersonal present)
hadjed (conditional imperfect impersonal)
hadañ (imperfect infinitive preterite)
a had- (mutation-soft)
o hadañ (imperfect participle present preterite)
ec'h had- (mutation-mixed)
hadet (auxiliary verb: kaout) (imperfect participle past preterite)
n'had- (mutation-soft)


melen

From Proto-Brythonic *melɨn, from a derivative of Proto-Celtic *meli (“honey”) (compare Welsh melyn). Can be connected to the notion of 'yellow like honey'.


dindan

dindanon (singular)
dindanomp (plural)
dindanout (singular)
dindanoc'h (plural)
dindanañ (singular)
dindano (plural third-person)
dindani (singular)
dindanor (plural)


kentel

kentelioù (plural)
kentel (mutation singular unmutated)
gentel (mutation mutation-soft singular)
c'hentel (mutation mutation-aspirate singular)
kentelioù (mutation plural unmutated)
gentelioù (mutation mutation-soft plural)
c'hentelioù (mutation mutation-aspirate plural)


burev

burevioù (plural)
burev (mutation singular unmutated)
vurev (mutation mutation-soft singular)
purev (mutation mutation-hard singular)
burevioù (mutation plural unmutated)
vurevioù (mutation mutation-soft plural)
purevioù (mutation mutation-hard plural)


prenestr

head

prenestr m (plural prenestroù or prenester)

prenestroù (plural)
prenester (plural)
prenestr (mutation singular unmutated)
brenestr (mutation mutation-soft singular)
frenestr (mutation mutation-aspirate singular)
prenestroù (mutation plural unmutated)
brenestroù (mutation mutation-soft plural)
frenestroù (mutation mutation-aspirate plural)

Borrowed from Old French fenestre and/or Latin fenestra (partly through Proto-Brythonic *fenestr; compare Welsh ffenestr, Cornish fenester).


beajiñ

o veajiñ (mutated)
beajiñ (mutation unmutated)
veajiñ (mutation mutation-soft)
peajiñ (mutation mutation-hard)
veajiñ (mutation mutation-mixed)
beajan (first-person indicative present singular)
beajen (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
beajis (first-person indicative preterite singular)
beajin (first-person future indicative singular)
beajfen (conditional first-person present singular)
beajjen (conditional first-person imperfect singular)
beajez (indicative present second-person singular)
beajes (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
beajjout (indicative preterite second-person singular)
beaji (future indicative second-person singular)
beajfes (conditional present second-person singular)
beajjes (conditional imperfect second-person singular)
beaj (imperative second-person singular)
beaj (indicative present singular third-person)
beaje (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
beajas (indicative preterite singular third-person)
beajo (future indicative singular third-person)
beajfe (conditional present singular third-person)
beajje (conditional imperfect singular third-person)
beajet (imperative singular third-person)
beajomp (first-person indicative plural present)
beajemp (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
beajjomp (first-person indicative plural preterite)
beajimp (first-person future indicative plural)
beajfemp (conditional first-person plural present)
beajjemp (conditional first-person imperfect plural)
beajomp (first-person imperative plural)
beajit (indicative plural present second-person)
beajec'h (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
beajjoc'h (indicative plural preterite second-person)
beajot (future indicative plural second-person)
beajfec'h (conditional plural present second-person)
beajjec'h (conditional imperfect plural second-person)
beajit (imperative plural second-person)
beajont (indicative plural present third-person)
beajent (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
beajjont (indicative plural preterite third-person)
beajint (future indicative plural third-person)
beajfent (conditional plural present third-person)
beajjent (conditional imperfect plural third-person)
beajent (imperative plural third-person)
beajer (impersonal indicative present)
beajed (imperfect impersonal indicative)
beajjod (impersonal indicative preterite)
beajor (future impersonal indicative)
beajfed (conditional impersonal present)
beajjed (conditional imperfect impersonal)
beajiñ (imperfect infinitive preterite)
a veaj- (mutation-soft)
o veajiñ (imperfect participle present preterite)
e veaj- (mutation-mixed)
beajet (auxiliary verb: bezañ) (imperfect participle past preterite)
ne (mutation-soft)
na veaj- (mutation-soft)

Tri martolod yaouank o vonet da veajiñ.

18th C., “Tri Martolod [Three Sailors]”:


erv

From Proto-Celtic *arwī (compare Welsh erw, Cornish erow), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂erh₃wos (“arable”) (compare Old Irish arbar, Latin arvus).


roc'h

From an indeterminate Celtic source borrowed into English rock and Romance equivalents French roche, Italian rocca, Spanish roca, Galician rocha.


barv

From Proto-Brythonic *barv, from Latin barba, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰardʰeh₂. Compare Cornish barv, Welsh barf.


arzh

arzh (canonical masculine)
arzh (canonical feminine)
arzhed (plural)

From Proto-Brythonic *arθ, from Proto-Celtic *artos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ŕ̥tḱos.


hent

From Proto-Brythonic *hɨnt, from Proto-Celtic *sentus, from Proto-Indo-European *sent- (“to head for, go”).


gwele

gweleoù (plural)
gwele (mutation singular unmutated)
wele (mutation mutation-soft singular)
kwele (mutation mutation-hard singular)
gweleoù (mutation plural unmutated)
weleoù (mutation mutation-soft plural)
kweleoù (mutation mutation-hard plural)

From Proto-Celtic *uɸo-legyom, from Proto-Indo-European *upo + *legʰ- (“to lie (down)”). Cognate with Welsh gwely, Cornish gweli.


komz

From Middle Breton comps, from Proto-Celtic *kom-wep-s-, derivative of *wepos (“speech, voice”) (whence Welsh gwep (“face”)), from Proto-Indo-European *wekʷ- (“to speak”). Compare Ancient Greek ἔπος (épos), Latin vox.


komz

komz (mutation unmutated)
gomz (mutation mutation-soft)
c'homz (mutation mutation-aspirate)
komzan (first-person indicative present singular)
komzen (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
komzis (first-person indicative preterite singular)
komzin (first-person future indicative singular)
komzfen (conditional first-person present singular)
komzjen (conditional first-person imperfect singular)
komzez (indicative present second-person singular)
komzes (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
komzjout (indicative preterite second-person singular)
komzi (future indicative second-person singular)
komzfes (conditional present second-person singular)
komzjes (conditional imperfect second-person singular)
komz (imperative second-person singular)
komz (indicative present singular third-person)
komze (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
komzas (indicative preterite singular third-person)
komzo (future indicative singular third-person)
komzfe (conditional present singular third-person)
komzje (conditional imperfect singular third-person)
komzet (imperative singular third-person)
komzomp (first-person indicative plural present)
komzemp (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
komzjomp (first-person indicative plural preterite)
komzimp (first-person future indicative plural)
komzfemp (conditional first-person plural present)
komzjemp (conditional first-person imperfect plural)
komzomp (first-person imperative plural)
komzit (indicative plural present second-person)
komzec'h (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
komzjoc'h (indicative plural preterite second-person)
komzot (future indicative plural second-person)
komzfec'h (conditional plural present second-person)
komzjec'h (conditional imperfect plural second-person)
komzit (imperative plural second-person)
komzont (indicative plural present third-person)
komzent (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
komzjont (indicative plural preterite third-person)
komzint (future indicative plural third-person)
komzfent (conditional plural present third-person)
komzjent (conditional imperfect plural third-person)
komzent (imperative plural third-person)
komzer (impersonal indicative present)
komzed (imperfect impersonal indicative)
komzjod (impersonal indicative preterite)
komzor (future impersonal indicative)
komzfed (conditional impersonal present)
komzjed (conditional imperfect impersonal)
komz (imperfect infinitive preterite)
a gomz- (mutation-soft)
o komz (imperfect participle present preterite)
e komz- (mutation-mixed)
komzet (auxiliary verb: kaout or bezañ) (imperfect participle past preterite)
ne (mutation-soft)
na gomz- (mutation-soft)


taol

taolioù (plural)
taol (mutation singular unmutated)
daol (mutation mutation-soft singular)
zaol (mutation mutation-aspirate singular)
taolioù (mutation plural unmutated)
daolioù (mutation mutation-soft plural)
zaolioù (mutation mutation-aspirate plural)

War an doal emañ ar bara.

War an doal e vez ar bara.


setu

here you are, here's ..., voilà (also French voici)


eñ

From Proto-Celtic *em (compare Welsh ef, Cornish ev).


eget

egedon (singular)
egedomp (plural)
egedout (singular)
egedoc'h (plural)
egetañ (singular)
egeto (plural third-person)
egeti (singular)
egedor (plural)


bugel

From Middle Breton buguel, from Proto-Brythonic *bʉgöl, from Proto-Celtic *boukolyos, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷowkólos, from *gʷṓws (“cow”) + *kʷel- (“to revolve, turn around”).
Cognates include Cornish bugel (“shepherd”), Welsh bugail (“shepherd”), Irish buachaill (“boy”), Scottish Gaelic buachaille (“herder”), Manx bochilley (“shepherd”) and Ancient Greek βουκόλος (boukólos, “cowherd”).


tred

tridi (plural)
tred (mutation singular unmutated)
dred (mutation mutation-soft singular)
zred (mutation mutation-aspirate singular)
tridi (mutation plural unmutated)
dridi (mutation mutation-soft plural)
zridi (mutation mutation-aspirate plural)

From Old Breton trot, from Proto-Brythonic *tröd (whence Middle Welsh trydw, Welsh drudwen), from Proto-Celtic *trozdis, from Proto-Indo-European *trosdos (“thrush”); compare Latin turdus, English thrush, and Polish drozd.


sae

Ur sae c'hlas


meud

meudoù (plural)
meud (mutation singular unmutated)
veud (mutation mutation-soft singular)
meudoù (mutation plural unmutated)
veudoù (mutation mutation-soft plural)

From Middle Breton meut, from Proto-Celtic *mā-to-, from Proto-Indo-European *mē-.
Compare Welsh bawd.


eil

An eil den

An eil gwech


eil

An eil


karv

kirvi (plural)
karv (mutation singular unmutated)
garv (mutation mutation-soft singular)
c'harv (mutation mutation-aspirate singular)
kirvi (mutation plural unmutated)
girvi (mutation mutation-soft plural)
c'hirvi (mutation mutation-aspirate plural)

From Proto-Brythonic *karw, from Proto-Celtic *karwos, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱr̥wós, zero grade of *ḱerwós, from *ḱer- (“horn”).


meur

From Proto-Brythonic *mọr, from Proto-Celtic *māros, from Proto-Indo-European *moh₁ros, from *meh₁-.


kreñv

kreñv (mutation unmutated)
greñv (mutation mutation-soft)
c'hreñv (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Middle Breton creff, from Proto-Brythonic *krɨβ̃, from Proto-Celtic *kriɸmos (compare Welsh cryf, Cornish krev).
korv, a Latin borrowing, is from the same Proto-Indo-European root, *krep- (“body”).


evn

From Proto-Brythonic *edn, from Proto-Celtic *ɸetnos, from Proto-Indo-European *péth₂r̥.


dañvad

deñved (plural)
dañvad (mutation singular unmutated)
zañvad (mutation mutation-soft singular)
tañvad (mutation mutation-hard singular)
deñved (mutation plural unmutated)
zeñved (mutation mutation-soft plural)
teñved (mutation mutation-hard plural)

From Proto-Brythonic *daβ̃ad, from Proto-Celtic *dametos.

(religion, in the plural, figurative) flock

(in the plural, by analogy) small, fluffy clouds, foamy waves


marv

marv (mutation singular unmutated)
varv (mutation mutation-soft singular)
marvioù (mutation plural unmutated)
varvioù (mutation mutation-soft plural)

An itron varv


bouzar

From Proto-Brythonic *boðar, from Proto-Celtic *bodaros, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰodʰHrós.


gouelan

head

gouelan m (plural gouelaned or gouelini)

→ French: goéland

From gouelañ (“to cry”), from Middle Breton goelann, from Old Breton guilannou, from Proto-Brythonic *gwuɨlann.


Jeruzalem

Jerusalem (the claimed (and de-facto) capital city of Israel; the claimed capital city of Palestine)


bozon

bozon m (collective, plural bozonennoù, singulative bozonenn)

bozonennoù (plural)
bozonenn (singulative)


nukleon

nukleon m (collective, plural nukleonennoù, singulative nukleonenn)

nukleonennoù (plural)
nukleonenn (singulative)


-eg

Gall (“Frenchman”) + -eg → galleg (“French language”)

Leon (“Léon”) + -eg → leoneg (“Léon dialect”)

Used to form languages or dialects; -ish, -ic


peder

pevar (masculine)
peder (mutation unmutated)
beder (mutation mutation-soft)
feder (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Proto-Celtic *kʷetesres, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷetwóres. Compare Welsh pedair.


pirc'hirin

pirc’hirin (canonical)
pirc'hirin (mutation singular unmutated)
birc'hirin (mutation mutation-soft singular)
firc'hirin (mutation mutation-aspirate singular)


kaozeal a rit saozneg

do you speak English
do you speak English


bananez

bananez m (collective, plural bananezennoù, singulative bananezenn)

bananezennoù (plural)
bananezenn (singulative)


kerent

kerent (mutation singular unmutated)
gerent (mutation mutation-soft singular)
c'herent (mutation mutation-aspirate singular)


moereb

moerebed (plural)
moereb (mutation singular unmutated)
voereb (mutation mutation-soft singular)
moerebed (mutation plural unmutated)
voerebed (mutation mutation-soft plural)

From Middle Breton mozreb, from Old Breton motrep, from Proto-Celtic *mātrikʷā (compare Cornish modrep, Welsh modryb), from *mātīr (“mother”) (compare Irish máthair), from Proto-Indo-European *méh₂tēr.


ludu

ludu m (plural luduoù, singulative luduenn)

From Middle Breton ludu, from Proto-Brythonic *llʉdw, from Proto-Celtic *loutus, possibly from a Proto-Indo-European root shared by Sanskrit उल्का (ulkā, “meteor, firebrand, torch”).


klañvdi

klañvdioù (plural)
klañvdi (mutation singular unmutated)
glañvdi (mutation mutation-soft singular)
c'hlañvdi (mutation mutation-aspirate singular)
klañvdioù (mutation plural unmutated)
glañvdioù (mutation mutation-soft plural)
c'hlañvdioù (mutation mutation-aspirate plural)


draeneg

draeneged (plural)
draeneg (mutation singular unmutated)
zraeneg (mutation mutation-soft singular)
traeneg (mutation mutation-hard singular)
draeneged (mutation plural unmutated)
zraeneged (mutation mutation-soft plural)
traeneged (mutation mutation-hard plural)


klezeñv

klezeñvier (plural)
klezeñv (mutation singular unmutated)
glezeñv (mutation mutation-soft singular)
c'hlezeñv (mutation mutation-aspirate singular)
klezeñvier (mutation plural unmutated)
glezeñvier (mutation mutation-soft plural)
c'hlezeñvier (mutation mutation-aspirate plural)

From Middle Breton clezeff, from Proto-Brythonic *klėðɨβ̃, from Proto-Celtic *kladiwos (compare Welsh cleddyf, Old Irish claideb). The Brythonic forms probably represent a borrowing from Goidelic, based on the unexpected shift of /w/ to /β̃/ (the expected inherited form would be *kleziv).


bleiz

bleizi (plural)
bleiz (mutation singular unmutated)
vleiz (mutation mutation-soft singular)
pleiz (mutation mutation-hard singular)
bleizi (mutation plural unmutated)
vleizi (mutation mutation-soft plural)
pleizi (mutation mutation-hard plural)

From Old Breton bleid, from Proto-Brythonic *blėð, from Proto-Celtic *bledyos (compare Cornish bleydh, Welsh blaidd; Old Irish bled (“sea monster”) (< *bledā)).


avank

From Proto-Brythonic *aβank, from Proto-Celtic *abankos (compare Welsh afanc), from *abū (“river”).


bual

bualed (plural)
bual (mutation singular unmutated)
vual (mutation mutation-soft singular)
pual (mutation mutation-hard singular)
bualed (mutation plural unmutated)
vualed (mutation mutation-soft plural)
pualed (mutation mutation-hard plural)

From Proto-Brythonic [Term?], borrowed from Vulgar Latin *būvalus, from Latin būbalus, from Ancient Greek βούβαλος (boúbalos). Cognate with Welsh and Cornish bual.


buoc'h

head

buoc’h f (plural buoc’hed, collective buoc’henned)

buoc’h (canonical feminine)
buoc’hed (plural)
buoc’henned (collective)
buoc'h (mutation singular unmutated)
vuoc'h (mutation mutation-soft singular)
puoc'h (mutation mutation-hard singular)
buoc'hed (mutation plural unmutated)
vuoc'hed (mutation mutation-soft plural)
puoc'hed (mutation mutation-hard plural)

From Proto-Brythonic *bʉx, from Proto-Celtic *boukkā, from *bāus (“ox”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʷṓws. Celtic cognates include Welsh buwch, Cornish bugh, Irish bó, Manx booa.


yod

From Proto-Celtic *yut-, *yot-, from Proto-Indo-European *yewH-s- (“sap, juice, broth”), from *yewH- (“to blend, mix (food), knead”). Compare Cornish yôs, Old Irish íth, Welsh uwd, and Gallo-Latin iotta, iutta.


arc'hant

From Middle Breton archant, from Old Breton argant, from Proto-Brythonic *arɣant, from Proto-Celtic *argantom, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂erg- (“to shine”).


broc'h

broc’h (canonical masculine)
broc’hed (plural)
broc'h (mutation singular unmutated)
vroc'h (mutation mutation-soft singular)
proc'h (mutation mutation-hard singular)
broc'hed (mutation plural unmutated)
vroc'hed (mutation mutation-soft plural)
proc'hed (mutation mutation-hard plural)

From Middle Breton broc'h, from Proto-Brythonic *brox, from Proto-Celtic *brokkos.


Gall

Gallaoued (plural)
Gall (mutation singular unmutated)
C'hall (mutation mutation-soft singular)
Kall (mutation mutation-hard singular)
Gallaoued (mutation plural unmutated)
C'hallaoued (mutation mutation-soft plural)
Kallaoued (mutation mutation-hard plural)

From Latin Gallus, see also Scottish Gaelic Gall.

Frenchman, Romance-speaking person not from Lower Brittany


kraoñ

head

kraoñ ? (collective, plural kraoñennoù, singulative kraoñenn)

kraoñennoù (plural)
kraoñenn (singulative)
kraoñ (mutation singular unmutated)
graoñ (mutation mutation-soft singular)
c'hraoñ (mutation mutation-aspirate singular)

From Proto-Brythonic *know, from Proto-Celtic *knūs.


leue

From Proto-Brythonic *llọɨɣ, from Proto-Celtic *lāɸigos (“calf”) (compare Old Irish lóeg, Welsh llo, Cornish leugh).


moc'h

moc’h m (collective, singulative pemoc’h)

moc’h (canonical masculine)
pemoc’h (singulative)
moc'h (mutation singular unmutated)
voc'h (mutation mutation-soft singular)

From Proto-Brythonic *mox, from Proto-Celtic *mokkus.


ebeulez

From ebeul (“foal”) + -ez (“female”), cognate to Welsh eboles.


ebeul

From Old Breton ebol, from Proto-Brythonic *ebọl, diminutive of *eb (“horse”).


kazhig

kizhierigoù (plural)
kazhig (mutation singular unmutated)
gazhig (mutation mutation-soft singular)
c'hazhig (mutation mutation-aspirate singular)
kizhierigoù (mutation plural unmutated)
gizhierigoù (mutation mutation-soft plural)
c'hizhierigoù (mutation mutation-aspirate plural)


kazhez

kazhezed (plural)
kazhez (mutation singular unmutated)
gazhez (mutation mutation-soft singular)
c'hazhez (mutation mutation-aspirate singular)
kazhezed (mutation plural unmutated)
gazhezed (mutation mutation-soft plural)
c'hazhezed (mutation mutation-aspirate plural)


kazez

kazezed (plural)
kazez (mutation singular unmutated)
gazez (mutation mutation-soft singular)
c'hazez (mutation mutation-aspirate singular)
kazezed (mutation plural unmutated)
gazezed (mutation mutation-soft plural)
c'hazezed (mutation mutation-aspirate plural)

female cat, queen


bouc'h

bouc’h (canonical masculine)
bouc’hed (plural)
bouc'h (mutation singular unmutated)
vouc'h (mutation mutation-soft singular)
pouc'h (mutation mutation-hard singular)
bouch'ed (mutation plural unmutated)
vouch'ed (mutation mutation-soft plural)
pouch'ed (mutation mutation-hard plural)

From Proto-Brythonic *bux, from Proto-Celtic *bukkos, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰuǵkos (compare Welsh bwch).


tadig

tadigoù (plural)
tadig (mutation singular unmutated)
dadig (mutation mutation-soft singular)
zadig (mutation mutation-aspirate singular)
tadigoù (mutation plural unmutated)
dadigoù (mutation mutation-soft plural)
zadigoù (mutation mutation-aspirate plural)


ledan

From Proto-Brythonic *llɨdan, from Proto-Celtic *ɸlitanos.


kazezed

female cats


bleizez

bleizezed (plural)
bleizez (mutation singular unmutated)
vleizez (mutation mutation-soft singular)
pleizez (mutation mutation-hard singular)
bleizezed (mutation plural unmutated)
vleizezed (mutation mutation-soft plural)
pleizezed (mutation mutation-hard plural)


aneval

From Proto-Brythonic *anɨβ̃ėl, borrowed through Vulgar Latin from Latin animal (compare Welsh anifail).


tad-kozh

tadoù-kozh (plural)
tad-kozh (mutation singular unmutated)
dad-kozh (mutation mutation-soft singular)
zad-kozh (mutation mutation-aspirate singular)
tadoù-kozh (mutation plural unmutated)
dadoù-kozh (mutation mutation-soft plural)
zadoù-kozh (mutation mutation-aspirate plural)


lezvab

lez- (“step-”) + mab (“son”), cognate to Welsh llysfab


lezverc'h

lez- (“step-”) + merc'h (“daughter”), cognate to Welsh llysferch


leztad

lez- (“step-”) + tad (“father”); cognate to Welsh llystad


tad-kuñv

tadoù-kuñv (plural)
tad-kuñv (mutation singular unmutated)
dad-kuñv (mutation mutation-soft singular)
zad-kuñv (mutation mutation-aspirate singular)
tadoù-kuñv (mutation plural unmutated)
dadoù-kuñv (mutation mutation-soft plural)
zadoù-kuñv (mutation mutation-aspirate plural)

From tad (“father”) + kuñv (“debonair, gentle”).


lezvamm

lez- (“step-”) + mamm (“mother”), cognate to Welsh llysfam


tad-kaer

tadoù-kaer (plural)
tad-kaer (mutation singular unmutated)
dad-kaer (mutation mutation-soft singular)
zad-kaer (mutation mutation-aspirate singular)
tadoù-kaer (mutation plural unmutated)
dadoù-kaer (mutation mutation-soft plural)
zadoù-kaer (mutation mutation-aspirate plural)


tadeg

tadeged (plural)
tadeg (mutation singular unmutated)
dadeg (mutation mutation-soft singular)
zadeg (mutation mutation-aspirate singular)
tadeged (mutation plural unmutated)
dadeged (mutation mutation-soft plural)
zadeged (mutation mutation-aspirate plural)


-ioù

anv (“name”) + -ioù → anvioù (“names”)


-où

From Proto-Brythonic *-ow, from Proto-Celtic *-owes. Cognate with Welsh -au, Cornish -ow.

mamm (“mother”) + -où → mammoù (“mothers”)

tad (“father”) + -où → tadoù (“fathers”)


erer

From Middle Breton erer, from Proto-Celtic *eriros (“eagle”) (compare Welsh eryr, Cornish er, Old Irish *irar), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃érō (“large bird”).


skiant

From Latin scientia (“knowledge”), from sciens, the present participle stem of scire (“to know”).


Indonezia

Indonesia (a country and archipelago in maritime Southeast Asia)


merenn

merennoù (plural)
merenn (mutation singular unmutated)
verenn (mutation mutation-soft singular)
merennoù (mutation plural unmutated)
verennoù (mutation mutation-soft plural)


brec'h

head

brec’h f (dual divrec’h, plural brec’hioù)

brec’h (canonical feminine)
divrec’h (dual)
brec’hioù (plural)
brec'h (mutation singular unmutated)
vrec'h (mutation mutation-soft singular)
prec'h (mutation mutation-hard singular)
brec'hioù (mutation plural unmutated)
vrec'hioù (mutation mutation-soft plural)
prec'hioù (mutation mutation-hard plural)

From Middle Breton brech, from Proto-Brythonic *brėx, a borrowing from Latin bracchium, from Ancient Greek βραχίων (brakhíōn), from βραχύς (brakhús, “short”). Cognate with Cornish bregh, Welsh braich.


div-

divrec'h

divyezhek

divrod


Yaou

From Proto-Brythonic [Term?], borrowed through Vulgar Latin from Latin Iūppiter, Iovis (“Jupiter”). Compare Welsh Iau, Cornish Yow.


Meurzh

Meurzhioù (plural)
Meurzh (mutation singular unmutated)
Veurzh (mutation mutation-soft singular)
Meurzhioù (mutation plural unmutated)
Veurzhioù (mutation mutation-soft plural)


Lun

From Proto-Brythonic [Term?], borrowed through Vulgar Latin from Latin lūna (“moon”). Compare Welsh dydd Llun, Cornish de Lun.


Merc'her

Merc’her (canonical masculine)
Merc'her (mutation singular unmutated)
Verc'her (mutation mutation-soft singular)

From Proto-Brythonic [Term?], borrowed through Vulgar Latin from Latin Mercurius (“Mercury”). Compare Welsh Mercher, Cornish Merher.


Sadorn

From Proto-Brythonic [Term?], borrowed hrough Vulgar Latin from Latin Saturnus (“Saturn”). Compare Cornish Sadorn, Welsh Sadwrn.


dimeurzh

dimeurzh (mutation singular unmutated)
zimeurzh (mutation mutation-soft singular)
timeurzh (mutation mutation-hard singular)


dilun

dilun (mutation singular unmutated)
zilun (mutation mutation-soft singular)
tilun (mutation mutation-hard singular)

Borrowed from or partial calque of Latin dīēs Lūnae.


disul

disul (mutation singular unmutated)
zisul (mutation mutation-soft singular)
tisul (mutation mutation-hard singular)


deizioù

deiz (mutation singular unmutated)
zeiz (mutation mutation-soft singular)
teiz (mutation mutation-hard singular)
deizioù (mutation plural unmutated)
zeizioù (mutation mutation-soft plural)
teizioù (mutation mutation-hard plural)


digwener

digwener (mutation singular unmutated)
zigwener (mutation mutation-soft singular)
tigwener (mutation mutation-hard singular)


dimerc'her

dimerc’her (canonical masculine)
dimerc'her (mutation singular unmutated)
zimerc'her (mutation mutation-soft singular)
timerc'her (mutation mutation-hard singular)


diriaou

diriaou (mutation singular unmutated)
ziriaou (mutation mutation-soft singular)
tiriaou (mutation mutation-hard singular)


deiz

deizioù (plural)
deiz (mutation singular unmutated)
zeiz (mutation mutation-soft singular)
teiz (mutation mutation-hard singular)
deizioù (mutation plural unmutated)
zeizioù (mutation mutation-soft plural)
teizioù (mutation mutation-hard plural)

From Proto-Brythonic *dið, from Proto-Celtic *dīyos (compare Cornish dydh, Welsh dydd, Old Irish día), from Proto-Indo-European *dyḗws, *dyew- (compare Latin diēs).


disadorn

disadorn (mutation singular unmutated)
zisadorn (mutation mutation-soft singular)
tisadorn (mutation mutation-hard singular)


devezh

devezhioù (plural)
devezh (mutation singular unmutated)
zevezh (mutation mutation-soft singular)
tevezh (mutation mutation-hard singular)
devezhioù (mutation plural unmutated)
zevezhioù (mutation mutation-soft plural)
tevezhioù (mutation mutation-hard plural)


holl

an holl bugale

all (preceded by the definite article, precedes the noun)


houarnek

From houarn (“iron”) + -ek (“adjectival suffix”).


houarn

Inherited from Proto-Celtic *īsarnom (compare Welsh haearn, Old Irish íarn), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésh₂r̥ (“blood”).


marc'h

head

marc’h m (plural merc’h or mirc’hed or mirc’hi)

marc’h (canonical masculine)
merc’h (plural)
mirc’hed (plural)
mirc’hi (plural)
marc'h (mutation singular unmutated)
varc'h (mutation mutation-soft singular)
merc'h (mutation plural unmutated)
verc'h (mutation mutation-soft plural)

From Middle Breton march, from Old Breton marh, from Proto-Brythonic *marx, from Proto-Celtic *markos.


louarn

From Middle Breton louarn, from Old Breton louuern, from Proto-Brythonic *llowern, from Proto-Celtic *loɸernos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂wl(o)p- ~ *h₂ulp- (“(red) fox”). Cognate with Cornish lowarn.


kalc'h

kalc'hioù (plural)
kalc'h (mutation singular unmutated)
galc'h (mutation mutation-soft singular)
c'halc'h (mutation mutation-aspirate singular)
kalc'hioù (mutation plural unmutated)
galc'hioù (mutation mutation-soft plural)
c'halc'hioù (mutation mutation-aspirate plural)

From Proto-Brythonic *kalɣ (“penis”), from Proto-Celtic *kalgā (“point”).


Eost

From Proto-Brythonic [Term?], borrowed through Vulgar Latin agustus from Latin augustus. Compare Cornish Est, Welsh Awst.


Ebrel

From Proto-Brythonic [Term?], borrowed through Vulgar Latin from Latin Aprīlis (compare Welsh Ebrill, Cornish Ebryl).


Mezheven

Mezheven (mutation singular unmutated)
Vezheven (mutation mutation-soft singular)

From Proto-Celtic *medyo-samīno- (“middle of summer”) (compare Irish Meitheamh, Welsh Mehefin).


Here

Cognate to Welsh Hydref (“October”), hydref (“autumn”).


Genver

Genver (mutation singular unmutated)
C'henver (mutation mutation-soft singular)
Kenver (mutation mutation-hard singular)
Genverioù (mutation plural unmutated)
C'henverioù (mutation mutation-soft plural)
Kenverioù (mutation mutation-hard plural)


hañv

From Middle Breton haff, from Old Breton ham, from Proto-Brythonic *haβ̃, from Proto-Celtic *samos, from Proto-Indo-European *sm̥-h₂-ó-.


killi

killioù (plural)
killi (mutation singular unmutated)
gilli (mutation mutation-soft singular)
c'hilli (mutation mutation-aspirate singular)
killioù (mutation plural unmutated)
gillioù (mutation mutation-soft plural)
c'hillioù (mutation mutation-aspirate plural)

From Proto-Celtic *kaldit- (“wood”) (compare Welsh celli (“grove, copse, woodland”), Old Irish caill).


killi

kell (mutation singular unmutated)
gell (mutation mutation-soft singular)
c'hell (mutation mutation-aspirate singular)
killi (mutation plural unmutated)
gilli (mutation mutation-soft plural)
c'hilli (mutation mutation-aspirate plural)


kemm

kemmoù (plural)
kemm (mutation singular unmutated)
gemm (mutation mutation-soft singular)
c'hemm (mutation mutation-aspirate singular)
kemmoù (mutation plural unmutated)
gemmoù (mutation mutation-soft plural)
c'hemmoù (mutation mutation-aspirate plural)


douryar

douryer (plural)
douryar (mutation singular unmutated)
zouryar (mutation mutation-soft singular)
touryar (mutation mutation-hard singular)
douryer (mutation plural unmutated)
zouryer (mutation mutation-soft plural)
touryer (mutation mutation-hard plural)


kilhog

From Old Breton kelihuc, from Proto-Brythonic *kėljọg, from Proto-Celtic *kalyākos, from Proto-Indo-European *kleh₁- (“call”).


kaouenn

kaouenned (plural)
kaouenn (mutation singular unmutated)
gaouenn (mutation mutation-soft singular)
c'haouenn (mutation mutation-aspirate singular)
kaouenned (mutation plural unmutated)
gaouenned (mutation mutation-soft plural)
c'haouenned (mutation mutation-aspirate plural)

→ Cornish: cowan

From Middle Breton couhenn, caouënn, from Old Breton couann, couhann, from Proto-Brythonic *kuwann, from Proto-Celtic *kuwannos. Cognate with Middle Welsh cuan.


dourgi

dourgon (plural)
dourgi (mutation singular unmutated)
zourgi (mutation mutation-soft singular)
tourgi (mutation mutation-hard singular)
dourgon (mutation plural unmutated)
zourgon (mutation mutation-soft plural)
tourgon (mutation mutation-hard plural)

From Proto-Brythonic *düβrgi, from Proto-Celtic *dubrokū. Equivalent to dour (“water”) + ki (“dog”).


gwerz

gwerzioù (plural)
gwerz (mutation singular unmutated)
werz (mutation mutation-soft singular)
kwerz (mutation mutation-hard singular)
gwerzioù (mutation plural unmutated)
werzioù (mutation mutation-soft plural)
kwerzioù (mutation mutation-hard plural)

From Middle Breton guers, from Proto-Brythonic *gwers, ultimately from Latin versus (“line of writing, verse”).


gristen

kristen (mutation singular unmutated)
gristen (mutation mutation-soft singular)
c'hristen (mutation mutation-aspirate singular)
kristenien (mutation plural unmutated)
gristenien (mutation mutation-soft plural)
c'hristenien (mutation mutation-aspirate plural)


kador

kadorioù (plural)
keder (plural)
kador (mutation singular unmutated)
gador (mutation mutation-soft singular)
c'hador (mutation mutation-aspirate singular)
kadorioù (mutation plural unmutated)
gadorioù (mutation mutation-soft plural)
c'hadorioù (mutation mutation-aspirate plural)

From Middle Breton cadoer, from Proto-Brythonic [Term?], borrowed through Vulgar Latin from Latin cathedra, ultimately from Ancient Greek καθέδρα (kathédra, “chair of a teacher, throne”).


dant

From Middle Breton and Old Breton dant, from Proto-Brythonic *dant, from Proto-Celtic *dant, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃dónts.


Iwerzhon

From Proto-Celtic *Φīweryū (compare Old Irish Ériu, Irish Éire, Welsh Iwerddon), from Proto-Indo-European *piHweryon-, likely related to *piHwer- (“fat”).


aour

From Proto-Brythonic *ėür, borrowed through Vulgar Latin [Term?] from Latin aurum.


Kerdiz

Cardiff (a city and county, the capital and largest city of Wales)


Pempoull

Paimpol (a commune of the Côtes d'Armor department, Brittany)


Felger

Fougères (a city in the Ille-et-Vilaine department, France)


Londrez

London (the capital city of the United Kingdom; capital city of England)


Moskov

Moscow (a federal city, the capital of Russia)

Moscow (an oblast of Russia, surrounding the city of Moscow)


evit

evidon (singular)
evidomp (plural)
evidout (singular)
evidoc'h (plural)
evitañ (singular)
evito (plural third-person)
eviti (singular)
evidor (plural)

Evit ar brezhoneg


goulenn

goulennoù (plural)
goulenn (mutation singular unmutated)
c'houlenn (mutation mutation-soft singular)
koulenn (mutation mutation-hard singular)
goulennoù (mutation plural unmutated)
c'houlennoù (mutation mutation-soft plural)
koulennoù (mutation mutation-hard plural)


digoradur

digoradur (mutation singular unmutated)
zigoradur (mutation mutation-soft singular)
tigoradur (mutation mutation-hard singular)
digoradurioù (mutation plural unmutated)
zigoradurioù (mutation mutation-soft plural)
tigoradurioù (mutation mutation-hard plural)


dornlevr

dornlevrioù (plural)
dornlevr (mutation singular unmutated)
zornlevr (mutation mutation-soft singular)
tornlevr (mutation mutation-hard singular)
dornlevrioù (mutation plural unmutated)
zornlevrioù (mutation mutation-soft plural)
tornlevrioù (mutation mutation-hard plural)

From dorn (“hand”) + levr (“book”), calque of Welsh llawlyfr, itself a calque of English handbook.


hiziv

From Middle Breton hizio, ultimately from Proto-Celtic *so (“this”) + *dīyos (“day”); compare Welsh heddiw, Cornish hedhyw; Latin hodiē.


-enn

From Middle Breton -enn, from Old Breton *-enn, from Proto-Brythonic *-enn. Cognate with Cornish -en and Welsh -en.

merien (“ants”) + -enn → merienenn (“ant”)

Indicates a singulative of collective nouns.


kastell

From Proto-Brythonic *kastell, borrowed through Vulgar Latin from Latin castellum. Compare Welsh castell, Cornish kastel.


levr

From Old Breton libr, from Proto-Brythonic *llɨβr, borrowed through Vulgar Latin from Latin liber, librum. Compare Welsh llyfr, Cornish lyver and Irish/Scottish Gaelic leabhar, Manx lioar.


tomm

tomm (mutation unmutated)
domm (mutation mutation-soft)
never occurs (mutation mutation-aspirate)
never occurs (mutation mutation-hard)
tommoc'h (comparative mutation unmutated)
dommoc'h (comparative mutation mutation-soft)
never occurs (comparative mutation mutation-aspirate)
never occurs (comparative mutation mutation-hard)
tommañ (mutation superlative unmutated)
dommañ (mutation mutation-soft superlative)
zommañ (mutation mutation-aspirate superlative)
tommat (mutation unmutated)
dommat (mutation mutation-soft)
zommat (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Proto-Celtic *teɸesmis, from Proto-Indo-European *tep- (“be warm”). Compare Irish te.

Tomm eo an dour.


bloavezh

bloavezhioù (plural)
bloavezh (mutation singular unmutated)
vloavezh (mutation mutation-soft singular)
ploavezh (mutation mutation-hard singular)
bloavezhioù (mutation plural unmutated)
vloavezhioù (mutation mutation-soft plural)
ploavezhioù (mutation mutation-hard plural)


plijus

head

plijus (comparative plijusoc'h, superlative plijusañ, exclamative plijusat)

plijusoc'h (comparative)
plijusañ (superlative)
plijus (mutation unmutated)
blijus (mutation mutation-soft)
never occurs (mutation mutation-aspirate)
never occurs (mutation mutation-hard)
plijusoc'h (comparative mutation unmutated)
blijusoc'h (comparative mutation mutation-soft)
never occurs (comparative mutation mutation-aspirate)
never occurs (comparative mutation mutation-hard)
plijusañ (mutation superlative unmutated)
blijusañ (mutation mutation-soft superlative)
flijusañ (mutation mutation-aspirate superlative)


glav

glav (mutation singular unmutated)
c'hlav (mutation mutation-soft singular)
klav (mutation mutation-hard singular)

From Proto-Brythonic *glaw. Related to Welsh glaw (“rain”).


deiziadur

deiziadurioù (plural)
deiziadur (mutation singular unmutated)
zeiziadur (mutation mutation-soft singular)
teiziadur (mutation mutation-hard singular)
deiziadurioù (mutation plural unmutated)
zeiziadurioù (mutation mutation-soft plural)
teiziadurioù (mutation mutation-hard plural)

From deiz (“day”) + -adur. Calque of Welsh dyddiadur.


selled

impersonal imperfect indicative of sellout, sellet


klopenn

klopennoù (plural)
klopenn (mutation singular unmutated)
glopenn (mutation mutation-soft singular)
c'hlopenn (mutation mutation-aspirate singular)
klopennoù (mutation plural unmutated)
glopennoù (mutation mutation-soft plural)
c'hlopennoù (mutation mutation-aspirate plural)


Danez

Danezed (plural)
Danez (mutation singular unmutated)
Zanez (mutation mutation-soft singular)
Tanez (mutation mutation-hard singular)
Danezed (mutation plural unmutated)
Zanezed (mutation mutation-soft plural)
Tanezed (mutation mutation-hard plural)


marc'heg

marc'heg m (plural marc'hegien or marc'hegion)

marc'hegien (plural)
marc'hegion (plural)


Brezhon

Brezhoned (plural)
Brezhon (mutation singular unmutated)
Vrezhon (mutation mutation-soft singular)
Prezhon (mutation mutation-hard singular)
Brezhoned (mutation plural unmutated)
Vrezhoned (mutation mutation-soft plural)
Prezhoned (mutation mutation-hard plural)

A (historical) Briton: a member of that people that spoke Brythonic languages.


Pater

Pateroù (plural)
Paterioù (plural)
Pater (mutation singular unmutated)
Bater (mutation mutation-soft singular)
Fater (mutation mutation-aspirate singular)
Pateroù (mutation plural unmutated)
Bateroù (mutation mutation-soft plural)
Fateroù (mutation mutation-aspirate plural)


abostol

Borrowed from Ecclesiastical Latin apostolus, from Ancient Greek ἀπόστολος (apóstolos, “one sent forth, apostle”).


abostol

Borrowed from Ecclesiastical Latin epistola, from Ancient Greek ἐπιστολή (epistolḗ).


Kartago

Carthage (an ancient city in North Africa, in modern Tunisia)

Carthage (an ancient civilisation in North Africa, centred on the city of Carthage)


gwenanenn

/ɡɥẽˈnãːnɛn/


gwenan

gwenanenn (singulative)
gwenanenn (mutation singular unmutated)
wenanenn (mutation mutation-soft singular)
kwenanenn (mutation mutation-hard singular)
gwenan (mutation plural unmutated)
wenan (mutation mutation-soft plural)
kwenan (mutation mutation-hard plural)

From Proto-Celtic *wan-inyo- (compare Cornish gwenen, Welsh gwenyn), diminutive of *wano- (“tip, sting”) (modern gwan).


sivi

From Proto-Celtic *subi. Compare with Cornish syvy, Welsh syfi, Old Irish sub, modern Irish sú (“red berry”) and Scottish Gaelic sùbh (“raspberry”).


Parizian

Parizianed (plural)
Parizian (mutation singular unmutated)
Barizian (mutation mutation-soft singular)
Farizian (mutation mutation-aspirate singular)
Parizianed (mutation plural unmutated)
Barizianed (mutation mutation-soft plural)
Farizianed (mutation mutation-aspirate plural)


Parizianez

Parizianezed (plural)
Parizianez (mutation singular unmutated)
Barizianez (mutation mutation-soft singular)
Farizianez (mutation mutation-aspirate singular)
Parizianezed (mutation plural unmutated)
Barizianezed (mutation mutation-soft plural)
Farizianezed (mutation mutation-aspirate plural)


askorn

From Middle Breton ascorn, ascourn, from Proto-Celtic *astkornu (compare Cornish askorn, Welsh asgwrn), compound of *ast- (“bone”) and *kornu (“horn”) (compare Breton kern (“horns”), Old Irish corn), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱr̥h₂nom (compare Latin cornū, English horn), from *ḱerh₂- (“head, horn”).


Martinik

administrative region
administrative region

Martinique (an island, overseas department, and administrative region of France, in the Caribbean)


gwaz

gwazi (plural)
gwaz (mutation singular unmutated)
waz (mutation mutation-soft singular)
kwaz (mutation mutation-hard singular)
gwazi (mutation plural unmutated)
wazi (mutation mutation-soft plural)
kwazi (mutation mutation-hard plural)

From Middle Breton goaz, from Proto-Celtic *gezdā; cognate with Welsh gŵydd, Cornish godh, Middle Irish géd (Irish gé).


gwaz

From Middle Breton goas, from Proto-Brythonic *gwass, from Proto-Celtic *uɸostos (“servant”). Compare Welsh gwas.


tregont

From Old Breton tricont, from Proto-Celtic *trīkontes (compare Old Irish trícho, Irish tríocha).

Previous: nav warn-ugent. Next: unan ha tregont


eontr

From Proto-Celtic *awontro (compare Cornish ewnter), oblique of *awontīr (compare Welsh ewythr), from pre-Celtic *h₂eu-on-tēr, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ewh₂- (“relative, descendant”), *h₂éwh₂os (compare Middle Irish ó, Latin avus (“grandfather”), dialectal German Awwe).


kolen

From Proto-Brythonic *koluɨn, from Proto-Celtic *kolignos.


arc'heskob

head

arc’heskob m (plural arc’heskeb or arc’heskibien or arc’heskibion)

arc’heskob (canonical masculine)
arc’heskeb (plural)
arc’heskibien (plural)
arc’heskibion (plural)


eskob

From Middle Breton eskop, from Proto-Brythonic *eskob, a borrowing from Latin episcopus, from Ancient Greek ἐπίσκοπος (epískopos, “overseer”). Cognate with Cornish epskop, Welsh esgob.


ugent

From Middle Breton uguent, from Old Breton ucent, from Proto-Brythonic *ʉgėnt, from Proto-Celtic *wikantī (compare Welsh ugain), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁wih₁ḱm̥t (compare Latin vīgintī) from *dwi(h₁)dḱm̥ti (“two-ten”).

Previous: naontek. Next: unan warn-ugent


daou warn-ugent

Previous: unan warn-ugent. Next: tri warn-ugent


Alamagn

Germany (a country in Central Europe, formed in 1949 as West Germany, with its provisional capital Bonn until 1990, when it incorporated East Germany)


labous

From Middle Breton lapoucc, laboucc, of unknown origin. Comparisons have been made with Latin locusta, lacusta (“locust, lobster”) and Old English loppestre (whence English lobster), but these present clear phonetic and semantic difficulties if interpreted as cognates.


merglañ

From Middle Breton merglaff, denominative verb to mergl, an unclearly-formed derivative of Proto-Celtic *mergī (“rust”).


kasour

kasourien (plural)
kasour (mutation singular unmutated)
gasour (mutation mutation-soft singular)
c'hasour (mutation mutation-aspirate singular)
kasourien (mutation plural unmutated)
gasourien (mutation mutation-soft plural)
c'hasourien (mutation mutation-aspirate plural)


enez

From Proto-Brythonic *ɨnɨs, from Proto-Celtic *enistī.


kastelodenn

kastelodennoù (plural)
kastelodenn (mutation singular unmutated)
gastelodenn (mutation mutation-soft singular)
c'hastelodenn (mutation mutation-aspirate singular)
kastelodennoù (mutation plural unmutated)
gastelodennoù (mutation mutation-soft plural)
c'hastelodennoù (mutation mutation-aspirate plural)


kastiz

kastizoù (plural)
kastiz (mutation singular unmutated)
gastiz (mutation mutation-soft singular)
c'hastiz (mutation mutation-aspirate singular)
kastizoù (mutation plural unmutated)
gastizoù (mutation mutation-soft plural)
c'hastizoù (mutation mutation-aspirate plural)


maouez

maouezed (plural)
maouez (mutation singular unmutated)
vaouez (mutation mutation-soft singular)
maouezed (mutation plural unmutated)
vaouezed (mutation mutation-soft plural)


kasketenn

kasketennoù (plural)
kasketenn (mutation singular unmutated)
gasketenn (mutation mutation-soft singular)
c'hasketenn (mutation mutation-aspirate singular)
kasketennoù (mutation plural unmutated)
gasketennoù (mutation mutation-soft plural)
c'hasketennoù (mutation mutation-aspirate plural)


keuz

From Middle Breton queux, from Old Breton cos, from Proto-Brythonic *kọs, a borrowing from Latin cāseus. Cognate with Cornish keus, Welsh caws.


keuz

From Proto-Brythonic *kọð, from Proto-Celtic *kādos, from Proto-Indo-European *kéh₂d-o-s, from the root *keh₂d- (“concern, preoccupation, strong emotion, anger”).


karter

karterioù (plural)
karter (mutation singular unmutated)
garter (mutation mutation-soft singular)
c'harter (mutation mutation-aspirate singular)
karterioù (mutation plural unmutated)
garterioù (mutation mutation-soft plural)
c'harterioù (mutation mutation-aspirate plural)


Spagn

Spain (a country in Southern Europe, including most of the Iberian peninsula)


askell

head

askell f (dual divaskell, plural eskell)


logod-dall

logod-dall ? (collective, singulative logodenn-dall)


logod

logod m (collective, singulative logodenn)


saout

From Old Breton solt, from Proto-Brythonic *solt, from Latin solidus (“a gold coin”). Compare Cornish sols (“shilling”) and Welsh swllt (“shilling”).


gwiñver

From Proto-Celtic *wiweros. Cognate with Welsh gwiwer.

E-kreiz teñvalder o glasvez e sked sae gell-ruz ar gwiñver.

2019, James Bouillé, editor, Sketla Segobrani, page 117:


dañvadez

dañvadezed (plural)
dañvadez (mutation singular unmutated)
zañvadez (mutation mutation-soft singular)
tañvadez (mutation mutation-hard singular)
dañvadezed (mutation plural unmutated)
zañvadezed (mutation mutation-soft plural)
tañvadezed (mutation mutation-hard plural)


kroc'hen

kroc'hen m (plural krec’hin or krec’hen)

From Proto-Celtic *krokkenom (“skin”), probably loaned from a non-Indo-European substrate language. However, compare Proto-Germanic *hrugjaz (“ridge, back, spine”) and German Krug.
Cognate with Cornish kroghen, Irish craiceann; Welsh croen (< *kroknom).


kig

kig (mutation singular unmutated)
gig (mutation mutation-soft singular)
c'hig (mutation mutation-aspirate singular)
kigoù (mutation plural unmutated)
gigoù (mutation mutation-soft plural)
c'higoù (mutation mutation-aspirate plural)

From Proto-Brythonic *kig (“meat”), from Proto-Celtic *kīkos (“breast”); compare Welsh cig (“meat”), Old Irish cích (“breast”).


Preden

Preden (mutation singular unmutated)
Breden (mutation mutation-soft singular)
Freden (mutation mutation-aspirate singular)


nerzh

From Middle Breton nerz, from Old Breton nerth, from Proto-Brythonic *nerθ, from Proto-Celtic *nertom, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ner-to- (“virile, strong”), a derivative of *h₂nḗr (“man; vital energy”). Cognate with Cornish nerth, Welsh nerth and Irish neart.


Manav

Man, Isle of Man (an island and Crown dependency of the United Kingdom in the Irish Sea)


Enez Vanav

Isle of Man (an island and Crown dependency of the United Kingdom in the Irish Sea)


Galian

Galianed (plural)
Galian (mutation singular unmutated)
C'halian (mutation mutation-soft singular)
Kalian (mutation mutation-hard singular)
Galianed (mutation plural unmutated)
C'halianed (mutation mutation-soft plural)
Kalianed (mutation mutation-hard plural)


Gouezel

Gouezeled (plural)
Gouezel (mutation singular unmutated)
C'houezel (mutation mutation-soft singular)
Kouezel (mutation mutation-hard singular)
Gouezeled (mutation plural unmutated)
C'houezeled (mutation mutation-soft plural)
Kouezeled (mutation mutation-hard plural)

From Proto-Brythonic *guɨðel (compare Welsh Gwyddel (“Irishman”)), from Proto-Celtic *weidus (“wild”), from Proto-Indo-European *weydʰ- (“wood, wilderness”) (compare Old English wāþ (“hunt”)).


golvan

golvini (plural)
golvan (mutation singular unmutated)
c'holvan (mutation mutation-soft singular)
kolvan (mutation mutation-hard singular)
golvini (mutation plural unmutated)
c'holvini (mutation mutation-soft plural)
kolvini (mutation mutation-hard plural)


goz

gozed (plural)
goz (mutation singular unmutated)
c'hoz (mutation mutation-soft singular)
koz (mutation mutation-hard singular)
gozed (mutation plural unmutated)
c'hozed (mutation mutation-soft plural)
kozed (mutation mutation-hard plural)

Related to South Wales gwadd and Cornish godh. The in the spelling "goz" derives from older /ð/ which survives in Leon (as /z/ or /s/) whereas /ð/ has become silent in most other dialects. Scholars such as Steve Hewitt and Iwan Wmffre suggest that old /ð/ be spelt as a with some diacritic mark (e.g. <ż>) to allow dialects differentiate between the outcomes of older /ð/ and /z/. The spelling "goz" wrongly suggests that the Cornouaille/Trégor pronunciation is [go:s] rather than [go:] (from older [go:ð]).


lagad

head

lagad m (dual daoulagad, plural lagadoù)

From Middle Breton and Old Breton lagat, from Proto-Brythonic *llugad. Cognate with Cornish lagas (“eye”), Welsh llygad (“eye”).

(figurative) light (of sun, moon, stars, etc.)


etre

etrezon (singular)
etrezomp (plural)
etrezout (singular)
etrezoc'h (plural)
etrezañ (singular)
etrezo (plural third-person)
etrezi (singular)
etrezor (plural)

From Middle Breton intre, from Old Breton entr-, from Proto-Brythonic *ɨntr (compare Cornish ynter, Welsh ythr), from Proto-Celtic *enter, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁entér (“between”).
Compare Old Irish eter, Latin inter, Sanskrit अन्तर् (antar), Albanian ndër.


kouign

kouignoù (plural)
kouign (mutation singular unmutated)
gouign (mutation mutation-soft singular)
c'houign (mutation mutation-aspirate singular)
kouignoù (mutation plural unmutated)
gouignoù (mutation mutation-soft plural)
c'houignoù (mutation mutation-aspirate plural)

Borrowed from presumed older French *cuigne, attested in various dialects as cuignet, cuignot, cuignole, quignon, etc., from coin (“wedge”), from Latin cuneus.


kouign-amann

→ English: kouign-amann

→ French: kouign-amann

From kouign (“cake”) + amann (“butter”).


-iz

Breizhiz: Bretons, people of Britanny.

found on plural nouns with the meaning of people of a country.


krampouezh

krampouezh ? (collective, singulative krampouezhenn)

Cognate with Breton krampoth and Welsh crampwyth.


sukr

From Old French çucre, from Arabic سُكَّر (sukkar), from Persian شکر (šakar), from Sanskrit शर्करा (śárkarā, “ground or candied sugar”, originally “grit, gravel”).


pok

pokoù (plural)
pok (mutation singular unmutated)
bok (mutation mutation-soft singular)
fok (mutation mutation-aspirate singular)
pokoù (mutation plural unmutated)
bokoù (mutation mutation-soft plural)
fokoù (mutation mutation-aspirate plural)

From Middle Breton pocq (“kiss”), borrowed through Brythonic from Latin (dare) pācem (“to give peace”). See also Welsh impog, pocyn, pocan (“kiss”), Old Irish póc (“kiss”).


gwezenn-gistin

singulative of gwez-kistin (“chestnuts”)


gwerenn

head

gwerenn f (plural gwerennoù or gwerinier)


stagell genurzhiañ

coordinating conjunction
coordinating conjunction


gwez-kistin

gwez-kistin ? (collective, singulative gwezenn-gistin)


gwez

gwez f (plural gwezioù, singulative gwezenn)

From Middle Breton guez, from Old Breton guid, from Proto-Brythonic *gwɨð, from Proto-Celtic *widus.


stagell isurzhiañ

subordinating conjunction
subordinating conjunction


mezventi

mezventioù (plural)
mezventi (mutation singular unmutated)
vezventi (mutation mutation-soft singular)
mezventioù (mutation plural unmutated)
vezventioù (mutation mutation-soft plural)


mezv

mezvez (feminine)
mezv (mutation unmutated)
vezv (mutation mutation-soft)
never occurs (mutation mutation-aspirate)
never occurs (mutation mutation-hard)
never occurs (comparative mutation mutation-aspirate)
never occurs (comparative mutation mutation-hard)


kontell

kontell f (plural kontelloù or kontilli)

From Middle Breton contell, derived from Vulgar Latin cuntellus, replacing Proto-Brythonic *kullell / Old Breton cultell (compare Cornish kollell, Welsh cyllell), from Latin cultellus.


kistin

kistinenn (singulative)
kistinenn (mutation singular unmutated)
gistinenn (mutation mutation-soft singular)
c'histinenn (mutation mutation-aspirate singular)
kistin (mutation plural unmutated)
gistin (mutation mutation-soft plural)
c'histin (mutation mutation-aspirate plural)

From Latin castanea (compare Cornish kesten), from Ancient Greek κᾰ́στᾰνᾰ (kástana).


gwer

From Middle Breton guezr, from Proto-Brythonic *gwɨrð with influence from guezr (“glass”), a borrowing from Vulgar Latin virdis, from Latin viridis (“green”).


gwer

From Middle Breton guezr, from Proto-Brythonic *gwɨdr, a borrowing from Latin vitrum (“glass”).


greun

From Proto-Brythonic *grọn, from Proto-Celtic *grānom, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵr̥h₂nóm.


evor

From Middle Breton euor, from Proto-Brythonic *eβor, from Proto-Celtic *eburos (“yew”).


kegin

Cognate with Welsh cegin (“woodpecker”).


kegin

keginoù (plural)
kegin (mutation singular unmutated)
gegin (mutation mutation-soft singular)
c'hegin (mutation mutation-aspirate singular)
keginoù (mutation plural unmutated)
geginoù (mutation mutation-soft plural)
c'heginoù (mutation mutation-aspirate plural)

From Old Breton covin, from Proto-Brythonic *kėgin (whence also Welsh cegin and Cornish kegin), from Late Latin cocīna, from earlier coquīna.


gwern

gwern ? (plural gwernioù, singulative gwernenn)

gwernioù (plural)
gwernenn (singulative)

From Middle Breton guern, from Old Breton guern, guaern, from Proto-Brythonic *gwern, from Proto-Celtic *wernā (compare Gaulish uerna, Old Irish fern and French vergne).


reiñ

From Middle Breton reiff, Proto-Brythonic *rroɣid (compare Cornish ry (“to give”), Welsh rhoi (“to give”)), from Proto-Celtic *rogīti (“to extend forward”) (compare Old Irish rogaid (“to extend”)), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃roǵéyeti (“to straighten”).


Tin

a diminutive of the male given name Kaourantin

a diminutive of the male given name Kaourintin


spered

From Proto-Brythonic *spɨrɨd, borrowed from Latin spiritus.


Treger

Trégor, a historical region of Brittany.


Breizhad

Breizhiz (plural)
Breizhad (mutation singular unmutated)
Vreizhad (mutation mutation-soft singular)
Preizhad (mutation mutation-hard singular)
Breizhiz (mutation plural unmutated)
Vreizhiz (mutation mutation-soft plural)
Preizhiz (mutation mutation-hard plural)


goprad

gopridi (plural)
goprad (mutation singular unmutated)
c'hoprad (mutation mutation-soft singular)
koprad (mutation mutation-hard singular)
gopridi (mutation plural unmutated)
c'hopridi (mutation mutation-soft plural)
kopridi (mutation mutation-hard plural)


Tregeriad

Tregeriz (plural)
Tregeriad (mutation singular unmutated)
Dregeriad (mutation mutation-soft singular)
Zregeriad (mutation mutation-aspirate singular)
Tregeriz (mutation plural unmutated)
Dregeriz (mutation mutation-soft plural)
Zregeriz (mutation mutation-aspirate plural)


Tregeriadez

Tregeriadezed (plural)
Tregeriadez (mutation singular unmutated)
Dregeriadez (mutation mutation-soft singular)
Zregeriadez (mutation mutation-aspirate singular)
Tregeriadezed (mutation plural unmutated)
Dregeriadezed (mutation mutation-soft plural)
Zregeriadezed (mutation mutation-aspirate plural)


Gwenedadez

Gwenedadezed (plural)
Gwenedadez (mutation singular unmutated)
Wenedadez (mutation mutation-soft singular)
Kwenedadez (mutation mutation-hard singular)
Gwenedadezed (mutation plural unmutated)
Wenedadezed (mutation mutation-soft plural)
Kwenedadezed (mutation mutation-hard plural)


Kernevad

Kerneviz (plural)
Kernevad (mutation singular unmutated)
Gernevad (mutation mutation-soft singular)
C'hernevad (mutation mutation-aspirate singular)
Kerneviz (mutation plural unmutated)
Gerneviz (mutation mutation-soft plural)
C'herneviz (mutation mutation-aspirate plural)


Gwenedad

Gwenediz (plural)
Gwenedad (mutation singular unmutated)
Wenedad (mutation mutation-soft singular)
Kwenedad (mutation mutation-hard singular)
Gwenediz (mutation plural unmutated)
Wenediz (mutation mutation-soft plural)
Kwenediz (mutation mutation-hard plural)


Kernevadez

Kernevadezed (plural)
Kernevadez (mutation singular unmutated)
Gernevadez (mutation mutation-soft singular)
C'hernevadez (mutation mutation-aspirate singular)
Kernevadezed (mutation plural unmutated)
Gernevadezed (mutation mutation-soft plural)
C'hernevadezed (mutation mutation-aspirate plural)


erc'h

From Proto-Brythonic *ėrɣ (“snow”). Compare Cornish ergh and Welsh eira.


kudenn

kudennoù (plural)
kudenn (mutation singular unmutated)
gudenn (mutation mutation-soft singular)
c'hudenn (mutation mutation-aspirate singular)
kudennoù (mutation plural unmutated)
gudennoù (mutation mutation-soft plural)
c'hudennoù (mutation mutation-aspirate plural)

From Proto-Celtic [Term?] (compare Welsh cudyn).


eñv

From Proto-Celtic *em (compare Welsh ef, Cornish ev).


c'hwi

From Old Breton hui, from Proto-Brythonic *hwi, from Proto-Celtic *swīs, from Proto-Indo-European *wos. Compare Welsh chwi.


bennak

From Middle Breton pennac, from Proto-Brythonic *pɨnnag.


pluñv

From Middle Breton pluff, from Proto-Brythonic *plʉβ̃, a borrowing from Latin plūma. Cognate with Cornish pluv, Welsh plu, pluf.


tev

tev (mutation unmutated)
dev (mutation mutation-soft)
zev (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Proto-Celtic *tegus (compare Cornish and Welsh tew, Old Irish tiug), from Proto-Indo-European *tégus (compare Old English þicce).


frouezh

head

frouezh ? (collective, singulative frouezhenn)

From Proto-Brythonic *fruɨθ, from Latin fructus (compare Welsh ffrwyth).


gweltenn

gweltenn (mutation singular unmutated)
weltenn (mutation mutation-soft singular)
kweltenn (mutation mutation-hard singular)


delienn

From Proto-Brythonic *döl, from Proto-Celtic *dolyā, from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰelh₁- (“blossom”). Related to del and cognate with Welsh dail.


geotenn

geotenn (mutation singular unmutated)
c'heotenn (mutation mutation-soft singular)
keotenn (mutation mutation-hard singular)


bleuñv

bleuñv m (collective, singulative bleuñvenn)

From Middle Breton bleuzff, from Old Breton bloduu, from Proto-Celtic *blātus (compare Welsh blodyn, Cornish bleujen, Irish bláth), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰleh₃- (“blossom, flower”).


gwadgi

gwadgon (plural)
gwadgi (mutation singular unmutated)
wadgi (mutation mutation-soft singular)
kwadgi (mutation mutation-hard singular)
gwadgon (mutation plural unmutated)
wadgon (mutation mutation-soft plural)
kwadgon (mutation mutation-hard plural)


kordenn

kerdin (plural)
kordenn (mutation singular unmutated)
gordenn (mutation mutation-soft singular)
c'hordenn (mutation mutation-aspirate singular)
kerdin (mutation plural unmutated)
gerdin (mutation mutation-soft plural)
c'herdin (mutation mutation-aspirate plural)


laou

head

laou ? (collective, singulative laouenn)

From Middle Breton lou, from Proto-Brythonic *lou̯ā, *luu̯ā, from Proto-Celtic *luwā (compare Cornish low, Welsh llau), from Proto-Indo-European *lewH- (compare English louse).


preñv

preñv (mutation singular unmutated)
breñv (mutation mutation-soft singular)
freñv (mutation mutation-aspirate singular)
preñved (mutation plural unmutated)
breñved (mutation mutation-soft plural)
freñved (mutation mutation-aspirate plural)

From Middle Breton preff, from Proto-Brythonic *prɨβ̃, from Proto-Celtic *kʷrimis.


skouarn

skouarn f (plural skouarnoù, dual divskouarn)

From Middle Breton scouarn, from Proto-Brythonic *skuβarn. Cognate with Cornish skovarn, archaic Welsh ysgyfarn.

(figuratively) handle (of vase, pot, etc.)


gwelt

gweltenn (singulative)
gwelt (mutation singular unmutated)
welt (mutation mutation-soft singular)
kwelt (mutation mutation-hard singular)

From Old Breton guelt, from Proto-Brythonic *gwellt, from Proto-Celtic *gʷeltā.


genoù

genaouioù (plural)
genoù (mutation singular unmutated)
c'henoù (mutation mutation-soft singular)
kenoù (mutation mutation-hard singular)
genaouioù (mutation plural unmutated)
c'henaouioù (mutation mutation-soft plural)
kenaouioù (mutation mutation-hard plural)


gwrizienn

gwrizioù (plural)
gwrizienn (mutation singular unmutated)
wrizienn (mutation mutation-soft singular)
kwrizienn (mutation mutation-hard singular)
gwrizioù (mutation plural unmutated)
wrizioù (mutation mutation-soft plural)
kwrizioù (mutation mutation-hard plural)

From Middle Breton gruizyenn, from Old Breton uraed + -enn (compare Welsh gwreiddyn, Cornish gwreydhen), from Proto-Celtic *wradios, from Proto-Indo-European *wréh₂ds.


bouzellenn

bouzelloù (plural)
bouzellenn (mutation singular unmutated)
vouzellenn (mutation mutation-soft singular)
pouzellenn (mutation mutation-hard singular)
bouzelloù (mutation plural unmutated)
vouzelloù (mutation mutation-soft plural)
pouzelloù (mutation mutation-hard plural)

(anatomy, mostly in the plural) intestine


traezhenn

traezhenn f (plural traezhennoù, collective traezh)

traezhennoù (plural)
traezh (collective)


traezh

traezh m (collective, plural traezhioù, singulative traezhenn)

traezhioù (plural)
traezhenn (singulative)

From Middle Breton traez (“beach”), from Proto-Brythonic *traɨθ, from Proto-Celtic *traxtus. Cognate with Cornish treth (“beach, sand”), Welsh traeth (“beach”), and Irish trácht (“beach”).


eurier-traezh

/øʁjɛʁˈtʁɛːs/


gwad

gwadoù (plural)
gwad (mutation singular unmutated)
wad (mutation mutation-soft singular)
kwad (mutation mutation-hard singular)
gwadoù (mutation plural unmutated)
wadoù (mutation mutation-soft plural)
kwadoù (mutation mutation-hard plural)

From Proto-Celtic *waytos, probably ultimately from the root of gwythi (“veins”), see that entry for cognates. Cognate with Welsh gwaed and Cornish goes.


gwreg

gwragez (plural)
gwreg (mutation singular unmutated)
wreg (mutation mutation-soft singular)
kwreg (mutation mutation-hard singular)
gwragez (mutation plural unmutated)
wragez (mutation mutation-soft plural)
kwragez (mutation mutation-hard plural)

From Middle Breton gruec, from Proto-Brythonic *gwrėg.


gouzoug

gouzougoù (plural)
gouzoug (mutation singular unmutated)
c'houzoug (mutation mutation-soft singular)
kouzoug (mutation mutation-hard singular)
gouzougoù (mutation plural unmutated)
c'houzougoù (mutation mutation-soft plural)
kouzougoù (mutation mutation-hard plural)

From Middle Breton guozouc, from Old Breton guodoc (cognate to Welsh gwddwg), from Proto-Celtic *wodwos (“spoils”), from Proto-Indo-European *wedʰH- (“strike”). The sense evolution would be from referring to captives as (countable) necks.


oabl

oabl m (plural oabloù, singulative oablenn)


geot

geot f (collective, singulative geotenn)

geotenn (singulative)
geot (mutation singular unmutated)
c'heot (mutation mutation-soft singular)
keot (mutation mutation-hard singular)

From Old Breton guelt, from Proto-Brythonic *gwellt, from Proto-Celtic *gʷeltā (compare Welsh gwellt, Cornish gwels).


ivin

From Middle Breton euin, from Old Breton eguin, from Proto-Brythonic *ėɣwin, from Proto-Celtic *angʷīnā (compare Cornish ewyn, Welsh ewin, Irish ionga), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃nogʰ- (“nail”) (compare Latin unguis).


ivin

From Middle Breton iuinenn, from Old Breton iuguinenn, from Proto-Celtic *iwos (compare Cornish ywin, Welsh yw, Old Irish eó), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁eyHw- (compare English yew).


neñv

From Old Breton nem, from Proto-Brythonic *neβ̃, from Proto-Celtic *nemos, from Proto-Indo-European *nébʰos (“cloud”). Cognate with Cornish nev, Welsh nef and Irish neamh.


koumoul

koumoul m (collective, singulative koumoulenn)

koumoulenn (singulative)
koumoulenn (mutation singular unmutated)
goumoulenn (mutation mutation-soft singular)
c'houmoulenn (mutation mutation-aspirate singular)
koumoul (mutation plural unmutated)
goumoul (mutation mutation-soft plural)
c'houmoul (mutation mutation-aspirate plural)

From Proto-Brythonic *kuml, borrowed through Vulgar Latin from Latin cumulus (compare Welsh cwmwl).


gwent

gwentoù (plural)
gwent (mutation singular unmutated)
went (mutation mutation-soft singular)
kwent (mutation mutation-hard singular)
gwentoù (mutation plural unmutated)
wentoù (mutation mutation-soft plural)
kwentoù (mutation mutation-hard plural)

From Proto-Brythonic *gwɨnt, from Proto-Celtic *wintos, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂wéh₁n̥ts (“blowing”), present participle of *h₂weh₁-.


gour

gour m (plural goured or gourien or gourion)

goured (plural)
gourien (plural)
gourion (plural)

From Middle Breton *gur, from Old Breton gur, from Proto-Brythonic *gwur, from Proto-Celtic *wiros.


sec'h

From Old Breton sech, from Proto-Brythonic *sɨx, from Latin siccus.


kof

kofoù (plural)
kof (mutation singular unmutated)
gof (mutation mutation-soft singular)
c'hof (mutation mutation-aspirate singular)
kofoù (mutation plural unmutated)
gofoù (mutation mutation-soft plural)
c'hofoù (mutation mutation-aspirate plural)


troad

treid (plural)
troad (mutation singular unmutated)
droad (mutation mutation-soft singular)
zroad (mutation mutation-aspirate singular)
treid (mutation plural unmutated)
dreid (mutation mutation-soft plural)
zreid (mutation mutation-aspirate plural)

From Proto-Celtic *tregess. Cognate with Welsh troed (“foot”).


houad

From Middle Breton houat, from Proto-Brythonic *(s)awjetos (compare Cornish hos, Welsh hwyad), from Proto-Celtic *awis (compare dialectal Irish aoi (“swan”)), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éwis (“bird”) (compare Latin avis).


kevredigezh

kevredigezhioù (plural)
kevredigezh (mutation singular unmutated)
gevredigezh (mutation mutation-soft singular)
c'hevredigezh (mutation mutation-aspirate singular)
kevredigezhioù (mutation plural unmutated)
gevredigezhioù (mutation mutation-soft plural)
c'hevredigezhioù (mutation mutation-aspirate plural)


nev

Borrowed from French nef, from Latin nāvis (“ship”).


arall

From Proto-Brythonic *arall, from Proto-Celtic *aralyos (“other”) (compare Welsh arall, Cornish aral, Irish araile), a dissimilated reduplication of *alyos (“other”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂élyos.


diwan

diwanoù (plural)
divan (mutation singular unmutated)
zivan (mutation mutation-soft singular)
tivan (mutation mutation-hard singular)
divanoù (mutation plural unmutated)
zivanoù (mutation mutation-soft plural)
tivanoù (mutation mutation-hard plural)


Asturiez

autonomous community
autonomous community

Asturias (an autonomous community and province of Spain)


gwezhall

gwezh + all. An older form gwezharall is also found, and a more modern form gwechall is found more often.


kargañ

kargañ (mutation unmutated)
gargañ (mutation mutation-soft)
c'hargañ (mutation mutation-aspirate)

Ultimately from Late Latin carricō + -añ (compare French charger).


gwezh

gwezhioù (plural)
gwezh (mutation singular unmutated)
wezh (mutation mutation-soft singular)
kwezh (mutation mutation-hard singular)
gwezhioù (mutation plural unmutated)
wezhioù (mutation mutation-soft plural)
kwezhioù (mutation mutation-hard plural)

From Old Breton gueith, from Proto-Brythonic *gweiθ, from Proto-Celtic *wextā (“time, course, turn”) (compare Cornish gweyth, Welsh gwaith, Old Irish fecht (“journey”)), feminine past participle of Proto-Indo-European *weǵʰ- (“to carry, drive”). A more modern form gwech is often found instead of the original form gwezh.

der

N'eo ket ar wezh kentañ e klask skrivañ ul lizher.

This is not the first time he tries writing a letter.


lestr

From Old Breton lestr, from Proto-Brythonic *llestr, from Proto-Celtic *lestrom (“pot”) (compare Welsh llestr (“vessel, receptacle”), Irish leastar), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *les- (“to gather”) + *-trom.


konikl

konikled (plural)
konikl (mutation singular unmutated)
gonikl (mutation mutation-soft singular)
c'honikl (mutation mutation-aspirate singular)
konikled (mutation plural unmutated)
gonikled (mutation mutation-soft plural)
c'honikled (mutation mutation-aspirate plural)


marc'had

marc'hadoù (plural)
marc'had (mutation singular unmutated)
varc'had (mutation mutation-soft singular)
marc'hadoù (mutation plural unmutated)
varc'hadoù (mutation mutation-soft plural)

From Old Breton marchat, from Proto-Brythonic *marxad, from Vulgar Latin marcatus, from Latin mercātus.


laouen

From Middle Breton louen, from Old Breton louuen, from Proto-Brythonic *llowen, from Proto-Celtic *lowenos. Cognate with Cornish lowen, Welsh llawen.


deiz-ha-bloaz

deiz-ha-bloaz (mutation singular unmutated)
zeiz-ha-bloaz (mutation mutation-soft singular)
teiz-ha-bloaz (mutation mutation-hard singular)


sevel

savan (first-person indicative present singular)
saven (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
savis (first-person indicative preterite singular)
savin (first-person future indicative singular)
savfen (conditional first-person present singular)
savjen (conditional first-person imperfect singular)
savez (indicative present second-person singular)
saves (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
savjout (indicative preterite second-person singular)
savi (future indicative second-person singular)
savfes (conditional present second-person singular)
savjes (conditional imperfect second-person singular)
sav (imperative second-person singular)
sav (indicative present singular third-person)
save (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
savas (indicative preterite singular third-person)
savo (future indicative singular third-person)
savfe (conditional present singular third-person)
savje (conditional imperfect singular third-person)
savet (imperative singular third-person)
savomp (first-person indicative plural present)
savemp (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
savjomp (first-person indicative plural preterite)
savimp (first-person future indicative plural)
savfemp (conditional first-person plural present)
savjemp (conditional first-person imperfect plural)
savomp (first-person imperative plural)
savit (indicative plural present second-person)
savec'h (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
savjoc'h (indicative plural preterite second-person)
savot (future indicative plural second-person)
savfec'h (conditional plural present second-person)
savjec'h (conditional imperfect plural second-person)
savit (imperative plural second-person)
savont (indicative plural present third-person)
savent (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
savjont (indicative plural preterite third-person)
savint (future indicative plural third-person)
savfent (conditional plural present third-person)
savjent (conditional imperfect plural third-person)
savent (imperative plural third-person)
saver (impersonal indicative present)
saved (imperfect impersonal indicative)
savjod (impersonal indicative preterite)
savor (future impersonal indicative)
savfed (conditional impersonal present)
savjed (conditional imperfect impersonal)
sevel (imperfect infinitive preterite)
a sav- (mutation-soft)
o sevel (imperfect participle present preterite)
e sav- (mutation-mixed)
savet (auxiliary verb: kaout) (imperfect participle past preterite)
ne (mutation-soft)
na sav- (mutation-soft)

From Proto-Brythonic *stab-, from Proto-Indo-European *steh₂-; cognate with Cornish sav and Welsh sefyll.


montroù

/ˈmɔ̃n.tʁɔʊ/


montr

montroù (plural)
montr (mutation singular unmutated)
vontr (mutation mutation-soft singular)
montroù (mutation plural unmutated)
vontroù (mutation mutation-soft plural)

[...] that has not really happened in Breton, where they still say ma montr zo o tréssa [P] 'My watch is fixing (=being fixed)'.

1990, Thomas Arwyn Watkins, Martin John Ball, Celtic Linguistics / Ieithyddiaeth Geltaidd: Readings in the Brythonic Languages, page 178:


santel

From sant (“saint”) + -el (adjectival suffix).


tiern

tierned (plural)
tiern (mutation singular unmutated)
diern (mutation mutation-soft singular)
ziern (mutation mutation-aspirate singular)
tierned (mutation plural unmutated)
dierned (mutation mutation-soft plural)
zierned (mutation mutation-aspirate plural)

From Old Breton tiern, from Proto-Brythonic *tɨɣern, from Proto-Celtic *tigernos (compare Welsh teyrn, Cornish tern, Irish Tiarna, and Gaulish tigerno- (“lord, master of the house”)).


Gres

Southeast Europe
Southeast Europe#English


taran

taranoù (plural)
taran (mutation singular unmutated)
daran (mutation mutation-soft singular)
zaran (mutation mutation-aspirate singular)
taranoù (mutation plural unmutated)
daranoù (mutation mutation-soft plural)
zaranoù (mutation mutation-aspirate plural)

From Old Breton taran, from Proto-Brythonic *taran, from Proto-Celtic *toranos (“thunder”).


oaz

From Proto-Celtic *aydus (compare Welsh aidd, Old Irish áed), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eydʰ- (“burn; fire”) (compare Latin aedis, Old English ād (“pyre”), Ancient Greek αἴθω (aíthō)).


huzel

From Brito-Latin hybrid *sūdikul (compare Cornish hudhygel, Welsh huddygl), from Proto-Celtic *sūdiā (compare Old Irish suide), from Proto-Indo-European *suh₃d-, metathesis of Proto-Indo-European *sh₃ud- (compare English soot).


melc'hwed

melc’hwed (canonical feminine)
melc’hwedenn (singulative)
melc'hwedenn (mutation singular unmutated)
velc'hwedenn (mutation mutation-soft singular)
melc'hwed (mutation plural unmutated)
velc'hwed (mutation mutation-soft plural)

From Proto-Brythonic *melw- (“soft”), from Proto-Celtic *meldo- (“pleasant, mild”), *mlido (“soft”), from Proto-Indo-European *ml̥dus (“soft, weak”); compare Breton melw (“snot”)); akin to Cornish melhwes, Welsh malwod. Also see Gaulish *multon- (“sheep”), which could be related. Cf. also Romanian melc (“snail”).


Grist

Krist (mutation singular unmutated)
Grist (mutation mutation-soft singular)
C'hrist (mutation mutation-aspirate singular)


Krist

From Ecclesiastical Latin Christus, from Ancient Greek Χριστός (Khristós), proper noun use of χριστός (khristós, “anointed”), in translation of Biblical Hebrew מָשִׁיחַ (māšîaḥ, “anointed”). Cognate to Welsh Crist and Cornish Krist.


kazetenn

kazetennoù (plural)
kazetenn (mutation singular unmutated)
gazetenn (mutation mutation-soft singular)
c'hazetenn (mutation mutation-aspirate singular)
kazetennoù (mutation plural unmutated)
gazetennoù (mutation mutation-soft plural)
c'hazetennoù (mutation mutation-aspirate plural)


koad

From Proto-Brythonic *koɨd, from Proto-Celtic *kaitos, from Proto-Indo-European *kayt-, *ḱayt- (“forest, wasteland, pasture”). Cognate with Welsh coed, English heath.


karantez

karantezioù (plural)
karantez (mutation singular unmutated)
garantez (mutation mutation-soft singular)
c'harantez (mutation mutation-aspirate singular)
karantezioù (mutation plural unmutated)
garantezioù (mutation mutation-soft plural)
c'harantezioù (mutation mutation-aspirate plural)

From Middle Breton carat (recorded in the Catholicon), from Proto-Brythonic *karɨd, from Proto-Celtic *kareti (“to love”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *keh₂- (“to desire, wish”). Cognate with Cornish kara and Welsh caru.


kousket

From Middle Breton cousquet, from Proto-Brythonic *kuskɨd, from Proto-Celtic *kuxsketi (compare Cornish koska, Welsh cysgu), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱewb- (compare Latin cubō (“I recline”)).


boutailh

boutailhoù (plural)
boutailh (mutation singular unmutated)
voutailh (mutation mutation-soft singular)
poutailh (mutation mutation-hard singular)
boutailhoù (mutation plural unmutated)
voutailhoù (mutation mutation-soft plural)
poutailhoù (mutation mutation-hard plural)


balafenn

balafenned (plural)
balafenn (mutation singular unmutated)
valafenn (mutation mutation-soft singular)
palafenn (mutation mutation-hard singular)
balafenned (mutation plural unmutated)
valafenned (mutation mutation-soft plural)
palafenned (mutation mutation-hard plural)


Suis

Switzerland (a country in Western Europe and Central Europe)


c'hoar

From Proto-Brythonic *hwoɨr, from Proto-Celtic *swesūr, from Proto-Indo-European *swésōr. Compare Welsh chwaer.


munutenn

munutennoù (plural)
munutenn (mutation singular unmutated)
vunutenn (mutation mutation-soft singular)
munutennoù (mutation plural unmutated)
vunutennoù (mutation mutation-soft plural)


tanet

formed by tan- of the verbal base tanañ and the ending -et

… : nann da, gaou eo ar vartezeadenn-se ha ken ker ha n'eus forzh pelec'h e vez gwerzhet du-hont ar segalennoù a dalv ar boan bezañ tanet. — (Jarl Priel, Va Zammig Buhez, Al Liamm, 1954, p. 96.)

N'emaomp ket hep gouzout int bet aet da Garaez, penn-da-benn gant ar Stêr Aon en o bagoù bihan, hag o deus bet tanet ar c'hêrioù ha graet freuz ha reuz, azalek Kelern ha Meilh-ar-Wern betek kêrbenn ar Poher... — (Yeun ar Gow, E Skeud Tour Bras Sant Jermen, 1955, eil emb. Al Liamm, 1978, p. 13.)

Tanet em eus ma butunenn ziwezhañ daoust m'emaomp en arvar da vougañ gant moged ar pakad a zo aet endeo. (Mich Beyer, Seizh Devezh Warn-ugent, An Alarc'h Embannadurioù, 2006, p. 15.)


tannoed

tannoedoù (plural)
tannoed (mutation singular unmutated)
dannoed (mutation mutation-soft singular)
zannoed (mutation mutation-aspirate singular)
tannoedoù (mutation plural unmutated)
dannoedoù (mutation mutation-soft plural)
zannoedoù (mutation mutation-aspirate plural)


krec'h

Mentioned in the Catholicon (Middle Breton crech), from Proto-Brythonic *krɨx, from Proto-Celtic *krikso- (“curly”) (compare Cornish crygh (“curly”), Welsh crych (“curly”), Gaulish crixsos (“curly, crispy”)), from Proto-Indo-European *kripso- (compare Latin crispus).


krec'h

krec'hioù (plural)
krec'h (mutation singular unmutated)
grec'h (mutation mutation-soft singular)
c'hrec'h (mutation mutation-aspirate singular)
krec'hioù (mutation plural unmutated)
grec'hioù (mutation mutation-soft plural)
c'hrec'hioù (mutation mutation-aspirate plural)

Mentioned in the Catholicon (Middle Breton knech).
From Old Breton cnoch, from Proto-Brythonic *knux, from Proto-Celtic *knukkos (“hill”) (compare Welsh cnwch (“hill, mount”), Irish cnoc (“hill, mount”)).


kivijer

kivijerien (plural)
kivijer (mutation singular unmutated)
givijer (mutation mutation-soft singular)
c'hivijer (mutation mutation-aspirate singular)
kivijerien (mutation plural unmutated)
givijerien (mutation mutation-soft plural)
c'hivijerien (mutation mutation-aspirate plural)


kemener

kemenerien (plural)
kemener (mutation singular unmutated)
gemener (mutation mutation-soft singular)
c'hemener (mutation mutation-aspirate singular)
kemenerien (mutation plural unmutated)
gemenerien (mutation mutation-soft plural)
c'hemenerien (mutation mutation-aspirate plural)

With agentive suffix -er derived from kemenañ, from Proto-Brythonic *kummɨnad, from Proto-Celtic *kombinati.


kanañ

kanañ (mutation unmutated)
ganañ (mutation mutation-soft)
c'hanañ (mutation mutation-aspirate)
kanan (first-person indicative present singular)
kanen (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
kanis (first-person indicative preterite singular)
kanin (first-person future indicative singular)
kanfen (conditional first-person present singular)
kanjen (conditional first-person imperfect singular)
kanez (indicative present second-person singular)
kanes (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
kanjout (indicative preterite second-person singular)
kani (future indicative second-person singular)
kanfes (conditional present second-person singular)
kanjes (conditional imperfect second-person singular)
kan (imperative second-person singular)
kan (indicative present singular third-person)
kane (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
kanas (indicative preterite singular third-person)
kano (future indicative singular third-person)
kanfe (conditional present singular third-person)
kanje (conditional imperfect singular third-person)
kanet (imperative singular third-person)
kanomp (first-person indicative plural present)
kanemp (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
kanjomp (first-person indicative plural preterite)
kanimp (first-person future indicative plural)
kanfemp (conditional first-person plural present)
kanjemp (conditional first-person imperfect plural)
kanomp (first-person imperative plural)
kanit (indicative plural present second-person)
kanec'h (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
kanjoc'h (indicative plural preterite second-person)
kanot (future indicative plural second-person)
kanfec'h (conditional plural present second-person)
kanjec'h (conditional imperfect plural second-person)
kanit (imperative plural second-person)
kanont (indicative plural present third-person)
kanent (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
kanjont (indicative plural preterite third-person)
kanint (future indicative plural third-person)
kanfent (conditional plural present third-person)
kanjent (conditional imperfect plural third-person)
kanent (imperative plural third-person)
kaner (impersonal indicative present)
kaned (imperfect impersonal indicative)
kanjod (impersonal indicative preterite)
kanor (future impersonal indicative)
kanfed (conditional impersonal present)
kanjed (conditional imperfect impersonal)
kanañ (imperfect infinitive preterite)
a gan- (mutation-soft)
o kanañ (imperfect participle present preterite)
e kan- (mutation-mixed)
kanet (auxiliary verb: kaout) (imperfect participle past preterite)
ne (mutation-soft)
na gan- (mutation-soft)

Cognate with Cornish kana and Welsh canu.


c'hoari

c'hoarian (first-person indicative present singular)
c'hoarien (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
c'hoariis (first-person indicative preterite singular)
c'hoariin (first-person future indicative singular)
c'hoarifen (conditional first-person present singular)
c'hoarijen (conditional first-person imperfect singular)
c'hoariez (indicative present second-person singular)
c'hoaries (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
c'hoarijout (indicative preterite second-person singular)
c'hoarii (future indicative second-person singular)
c'hoarifes (conditional present second-person singular)
c'hoarijes (conditional imperfect second-person singular)
c'hoari (imperative second-person singular)
c'hoari (indicative present singular third-person)
c'hoarie (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
c'hoarias (indicative preterite singular third-person)
c'hoario (future indicative singular third-person)
c'hoarife (conditional present singular third-person)
c'hoarije (conditional imperfect singular third-person)
c'hoariet (imperative singular third-person)
c'hoariomp (first-person indicative plural present)
c'hoariemp (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
c'hoarijomp (first-person indicative plural preterite)
c'hoariimp (first-person future indicative plural)
c'hoarifemp (conditional first-person plural present)
c'hoarijemp (conditional first-person imperfect plural)
c'hoariomp (first-person imperative plural)
c'hoariit (indicative plural present second-person)
c'hoariec'h (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
c'hoarijoc'h (indicative plural preterite second-person)
c'hoariot (future indicative plural second-person)
c'hoarifec'h (conditional plural present second-person)
c'hoarijec'h (conditional imperfect plural second-person)
c'hoariit (imperative plural second-person)
c'hoariont (indicative plural present third-person)
c'hoarient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
c'hoarijont (indicative plural preterite third-person)
c'hoariint (future indicative plural third-person)
c'hoarifent (conditional plural present third-person)
c'hoarijent (conditional imperfect plural third-person)
c'hoarient (imperative plural third-person)
c'hoarier (impersonal indicative present)
c'hoaried (imperfect impersonal indicative)
c'hoarijod (impersonal indicative preterite)
c'hoarior (future impersonal indicative)
c'hoarifed (conditional impersonal present)
c'hoarijed (conditional imperfect impersonal)
c'hoariet (imperfect infinitive preterite)
c'hoari (imperfect infinitive preterite)
a c'hoari- (mutation-soft)
o c'hoari (imperfect participle present preterite)
e c'hoari- (mutation-mixed)
c'hoariet (auxiliary verb: kaout) (imperfect participle past preterite)
ne (mutation-soft)
na c'hoari- (mutation-soft)

Of uncertain ultimate origin; VGK suggests Proto-Celtic *worigo-, related to Irish fuirech (*fo-rig), second element possibly related to *regeti (“to stretch, straighten”)). Compare Welsh chwarae (“to play, perform with”).


kanevedenn

kanevedennoù (plural)
kanevedenn (mutation singular unmutated)
ganevedenn (mutation mutation-soft singular)
c'hanevedenn (mutation mutation-aspirate singular)
kanevedennoù (mutation plural unmutated)
ganevedennoù (mutation mutation-soft plural)
c'hanevedennoù (mutation mutation-aspirate plural)