زبان

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زبان • (zabán)


نام

From Proto-Iranian *Hnā́ma, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hnā́ma, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁nómn̥.


پاد

From Proto-Iranian *pā́dah, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *pā́ts, from Proto-Indo-European *pṓds.


نان

From Persian نان (nân); compare the native doublet نگن (nagan).


گردن

gardin (romanization)
gardan (romanization)


گوشت

گوشت • (gošt)


آپ

From Proto-Iranian *Hā́fš, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hā́ps, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ep-. Compare Persian آب (âb), Northern Kurdish av, Bakhtiari او (aw), Pashto اوبه (Obë /Obo), Avestan 𐬀𐬞 (ap), Sanskrit अप् (áp).


ہزار

ہزار • (hazár)

From Proto-Iranian *hajáhram, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *saȷ́ʰásram, from Proto-Indo-European *sm̥-ǵʰéslom.


پل

Compare Hindustani फूल (phūl) / پھول (phūl), Persian گُل (gol).


چار

From Proto-Iranian *čaθwā́rah, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *čatwā́ras, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷetwóres.


دل

From Classical Persian دل (dil), from Proto-Iranian *jā́rd, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰā́rd, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ḱḗr.
Compare Avestan 𐬰𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬛 (zərəd), old Mazanderani زیله (zila) Sanskrit हृदय (hṛdaya), Armenian սիրտ (sirt), and English heart.
Doublet of زرد, which was inherited.


جنگ

Borrowed from Classical Persian جنگ (jang, “war”).


دوست

Borrowed from Classical Persian دوسْت (dōst).


سال

From Proto-Iranian *carHdáh, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćarHáts.


زمین

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زمین • (zamín)

From Proto-Iranian *jā́h, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰžʰā́s, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰéǵʰōm.


زرد

From Proto-Iranian *jā́rd, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰā́rd, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ḱḗr.
Compare Avestan 𐬰𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬛 (zərəd), Persian دل (del), old Mazanderani زیله (zila) Sanskrit हृदय (hṛdaya), Armenian սիրտ (sirt), and English heart.
Doublet of دل, which is from the same root but borrowed from Persian.


دو

From Proto-Iranian *dwáH (compare Persian دو (do), Northern Kurdish du, Pashto دوه (dwa), Avestan 𐬛𐬎𐬎𐬀 (duua)), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *dwáH (compare Sanskrit द्व (dvá), Hindi दो (do)/Urdu دو (do), Punjabi ਦੋ (do)), from Proto-Indo-European *dwóh₁ (compare Russian два (dva), Greek δύο (dýo), Spanish dos, English two).


ماہی

ماہی • (máhí)


گوش

From Proto-Iranian *gáwšah, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *gʰáwšas. Cognate with Persian گوش (gôš).


شاعر

Borrowed from Classical Persian شاعر (šā'ir).


شکر

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شَکَر • (šakar)


دست

From Proto-Iranian *jástah, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰástas, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰés-to- (“hand”), from *ǵʰes-.


نو

From Proto-Iranian, from Proto-Indo-Iranian, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁néwn̥.


دامن

دامن • (dáman)


انگور

انگور • (angúr)


پنج

From Proto-Iranian *pánča, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *pánča, from Proto-Indo-European *pénkʷe.


شش

From Proto-Iranian *šwáš, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *šwáćš, from Proto-Indo-European *swéḱs.


جگر

jagar (romanization)
jigar (romanization)


آسمان

آسمان • (ásmán)

bal-noun

آسمان • (ásmán)

ásmán (romanization)
آزمان (alternative)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *Háćmā, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éḱmō. Akin to Persian آسمان (âsmân), Sanskrit अश्मन् (áśman).


میش

From Proto-Iranian *mayšáh, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *mayšás, from Proto-Indo-European *moysós (“sheep, skin of sheep”). Cognate with Sanskrit मेष (meṣá), Avestan 𐬨𐬀𐬉𐬱𐬀 (maēša) and Persian میش (miš).


سوپ

Inherited from Proto-Iranian *cáywaH. Cognate with Persian سیب (sib), Central Kurdish سێو (sêw).


گام

Inherited from Proto-Iranian *gáHma, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *gáHma, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷéh₂-mn̥ ~ *gʷh₂-mén-s, from *gʷeh₂- (“to step”). Cognate with Persian گام, Avestan 𐬔𐬁𐬨𐬀𐬥 (gāman), Northern Kurdish gav, Ancient Greek βῆμα (bêma), Sanskrit प्रगामन् (pragāman).


چاپ

Compare Persian چپک (čapak), چپه (čape).


شہد

Etymology tree
Arabic شَهْد (šahd)bor.
Classical Persian شَهْد (šahd)bor.
Baluchi شہد
Borrowed from Classical Persian شَهْد (šahd), borrowed from Arabic شَهْد (šahd).


فقیر

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فقیر • (faqír)


دار

From Proto-Iranian *dā́ru, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *dāru, from Proto-Indo-European *dóru.


جادو

جادو • (jádú)


پت

From Proto-Iranian *pHtā́, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *pHtā́, from Proto-Indo-European *ph₂tḗr.


مہمان

مہمان • (mihmán)


دز

Compare Persian دزد (dozd), Bakhtiari دز (doz), Northern Kurdish diz.


اسپ

From Proto-Iranian *Hácwah, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Háćwas, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁éḱwos.


جواب

جواب • (jawáb)

bal-noun

جواب • (jawáb)


مات

From Proto-Iranian *máHtā (compare Persian مادر (mâdar), Pashto مور (mor), Northern Kurdish mak, Avestan 𐬨𐬁𐬙𐬀𐬭 (mātar)), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *máHtā (compare Sanskrit मातृ (mā́tṛ), Hindi माता (mātā)), from Proto-Indo-European *méh₂tēr.


ہر

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *kʰáras. Compare Persian خر (xar).


جن

From Proto-Iranian *ǰánHh, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ǰánHs, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷḗn.


جہاز

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جہاز • (jaház)

From Classical Persian جهاز (jahāz), from Arabic جَهَاز (jahāz).


سوال

sawál (romanization)
suwál (romanization)


آس

Inherited from Proto-Iranian *HáHtr̥š; see there for more.


چاشت

چاشت • (cášt)


گرک

From Proto-Iranian *wŕ̥kah, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *wŕ̥kas (“wolf”), from Proto-Indo-European *wĺ̥kʷos.


پس

From Proto-Iranian *pácu, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *páću, from Proto-Indo-European *péḱu.


فرق

From Persian فَرق (farq), from Arabic فَرْق (farq).


مثال

مثال • (misál)

bal-noun

مثال • (misál)


مشک

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مشک • (mušk)

From Proto-Iranian *múHs, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *múHs, from Proto-Indo-European *múHs.


ورگ

Inherited from Proto-Iranian *hwar- (“to eat, consume”). Cognates include Talysh هارده (hardë, “to eat”), Northern Kurdish xwarin (“to eat”), and Persian خوردن (xordan, “to eat, drink”).


مور

From Proto-Iranian *marwíš, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *marwíš, from Proto-Indo-European *morwi-.


چم

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *čáćšma (“eye”).


کپوت

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کپوت • (kapōt)


سپاہی

sapáhí (romanization)
sipáhí (romanization)


کمبل

From Urdu کمبل (kambal), ultimately from Sanskrit कम्बल (kambala).


دنتان

دنتان • (dantán)


چھم

Alternative form of چم (camm). From Proto-Indo-Iranian *čáćšma (“eye”).


آسن

آسن • (ásan)

From Proto-Iranian *Háyah, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Háyas, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éyos. Cognate with Persian آهن (âhan).


پژم

pažm (romanization)
pažam (romanization)


نگن

From Proto-Iranian *nagna-; compare the borrowed doublet نان (nán).


زوان

زوان • (zawán)

From Proto-Iranian *hižwáH, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́iȷ́ʰwáH, from Proto-Indo-European *dn̥ǵʰwéh₂s.


باگ

From Proto-Iranian *bāgáh, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰāgás.


چات

Iranian cognates include Persian چاه (čâh), Sogdian [script needed] (c’t /čāt/), Avestan 𐬗𐬁𐬝 (cāt̰), Khotanese [script needed] (cāta), Khwarezmian [script needed] (ct’), etc.


کاسگ

کاسگ • (kásag)


کانود

کانود • (kánúd)


قانود

قانود • (qánúd)


لنٹ

لنٹ • (lunť)


سبق

Alternative form of سبک (sabak, “lesson”)


پنڈوک

پنڈوک • (pinďok)


پکیر

پکیر • (pakír)


باندا

باندا • (bándá)


درچک

derack (romanization)
drack (romanization)
درشت (alternative dialectal)

d̪ɾət͡ʃk/ [d̪ɪˈɾɐt͡ʃk

/d̪ɾaʃt̪/ [d̪ɾɐʃt̪]

From Proto-Iranian *draxta- (“firmly standing”), with the first part deriving from Proto-Iranian *drag- (“to hold, strengthen”), itself related to Proto-Iranian *dā́ru (“wood, tree”) and/or Proto-Indo-Iranian *dʰar- (“to hold, support”). Cognate with Persian درخت (deraxt, “tree”).

cog

درچک گڈگ


شاہیم

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شاہیم • (šáhím)


کونڈ

کونڈ • (konď)


ہرگ

From Proto-Indo-European *sers- (“to cut off”). Compare Latin serra (“saw”), Mazanderani هره (hare, “saw”), and Persian اره (arre, “saw”).


جاتو

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جاتو • (játú)


ناہن

ناہن • (náhun)

From Proto-Iranian *Hnāxunah (compare Persian ناخن (nâxon), Central Kurdish نینۆک (nînok), نیوخان (nîwxan)), from a derivative of Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hnā́kš, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃nṓgʰs.


ناکن

ناکن • (nákun)


گزرک

gizirk (romanization)
gazirk (romanization)


واجہ

واجہ • (wája)

Corrupted from Classical Persian خواجه (xwāja).


ماہیگ

ماہیگ • (máhíg)


ہڈ

Borrowed from Punjabi ہَڈّ (haḍḍ), from Prakrit 𑀳𑀟𑁆𑀟 (haḍḍa).


گہار

گہار • (guhár)


گوہار

گوہار • (gohár)

From Proto-Iranian *hwáhā, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *swásā, from Proto-Indo-European *swésōr.


وارک

وارک • (wárk)


دمب

Akin to Persian دنب (donb); see it for more.


استار

istár (romanization)
astár (romanization)


استال

استال • (istál)


منٹ

منٹ • (minaťť)


آزمان

آزمان • (ázmán)

bal-noun

آزمان • (ázmán)

ázmán (romanization)
آسمان (alternative)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *Háćmā, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éḱmō. Akin to Persian آسمان (âsmân) and Sanskrit अश्मन् (aśman).


اپس

From Proto-Iranian *Hácwah, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Háćwas, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁éḱwos.


ناکو

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ناکو • (nàkò)


کاکہ

کاکہ • (káka)


ماما

ماما • (mámá)

Borrowed from Urdu مَامَا (māmā), ultimately Derived from Proto-Dravidian *māma.


ناپگ

ناپگ • (nápag)


ابا

ابا • (abbá)


کچک

Inherited from Proto-Iranian *kútah, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *kúttas. Compare Northern Kurdish kûçik.


موشک

موشک • (múšk)


اشتر

اشتر • (uštar)

from Proto-Iranian *uštrah, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *úštras.


ہشتر

huštur (romanization)
huštir (romanization)


ہید

From Proto-Iranian *hwáydah, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *swáydas, from Proto-Indo-European *sweyd-.


بینگ

بینگ • (bénag)


پشی

پشی • (piší)


مورینک

مورینک • (morínk)


ساہگ

ساہگ • (sāyīg)


جنک

jinik (romanization)
janik (romanization)


چلہ

Compare Hindustani छल्ला (challā) / چھلا (challā).


لوگ

Inherited from Proto-Iranian *lōka. Cognate with Manichaean Middle Persian 𐫓𐫇𐫃 (lwg).


ساہ

Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ḱwes- (“to pant, puff, sigh”). Cognate with Latin queror, English quarrel, wheeze, Icelandic hvæsa, Pashto سا (sā, “breath, blow, puff, soul, spirit, essence”), Sanskrit श्वास (śvāsa).


روچ

From Proto-Iranian *ráwčah (compare Persian روز (rôz, “day”)), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ráwčas, from Proto-Indo-European *lewk- (“bright”).


پنچ

→ Brahui: پنچ (panc)

From Proto-Iranian *pánča, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *pánča, from Proto-Indo-European *pénkʷe.


ہفت

→ Brahui: ہفت (haft)


ہشت

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ہشت • (hašt)

→ Brahui: ہشت (hašt)

From Proto-Iranian *Haštā́, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Haštā́, from Proto-Indo-European *oḱtṓw.


دروگ

From Proto-Iranian *dráwgah, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *dʰráwgʰas, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰrówgʰos, from *dʰrewgʰ-.


ہور

hawar (romanization)
hawr (romanization)


ہاور

ہاور • (háwr)


تیلگ

Compare Persian تیله (tile, “marbles, small circular stones”), Classical Persian دیده (dīda, “iris, eye”), Middle Persian tytk' (*tīdag, “pupil”).


گوراگ

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گوراگ • (gwarág)

gwarág (romanization)
گوراغ (alternative)

Derived from Old Iranian *warāga-. Cognate with Sistani گەراغ (ga:rāġ, “crow”), Early New Persian [Syriac needed] (gurāǧ, “crow”), Middle Persian 𐭥𐭫𐭠𐭢 (wlʾg /warāγ/, “crow”), Pashto وروغ (wroǧ).


چمگ

From چم (camm). Compare typologically, Persian چشمه (čašma), Gilaki چمار (čumâr).


گواتو

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گواتو • (gwátú)

hand-held fan (used for cooling oneself)


جمر

jamar (romanization)
jammar (romanization)


کاوہ

کاوہ • (káwa)


روباہ

روباہ • (robáh)


مزار

مزار • (mazár)


میمان

میمان • (memán)


قصو

story, tale (possibly influenced by Sindhi spelling)


آچ

Inherited from Proto-Iranian *ātr-; see there for more.


چاندی

چاندی • (cá̃dí, cándí)

cá̃dí (romanization)
cándí (romanization)


گوک

From Proto-Iranian *gā́wš, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *gāuš, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷṓws (“cow”).


ماڑی

ماڑی • (máří)


دیوال

دیوال • (díwál)


سپائی

سپائی • (sapáí, sipáí)

sapáí (romanization)
sipáí (romanization)


وانگ جاہ

وانگ جاہ • (wánag jáh)


کتاب جاہ

کتاب جاہ • (kitáb jáh)


باسک

باسک • (básk)

From Proto-Iranian *baHjúš, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰaHȷ́ʰúš, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂ǵʰús.


آدینک

آدینک • (ádénk)

bal-noun

آدینک • (ádénk)

From Proto-Iranian *daiH- (“to look, see”). Related to آدینکار (ádénkár, “mirror maker”), Persian آیینه (âyine, “mirror”), Ossetian айдӕн (ajdæn, “mirror”), Northern Kurdish neynik, Parthian 𐫀𐫀𐫅𐫏𐫗𐫃 (ʾʾdyng /āδenāg/, “mirror”).


گوات

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گوات • (gwát)

From Proto-Iranian *HwáHatah (compare Avestan 𐬬𐬁𐬙𐬀 (vāta), 𐬬𐬁𐬙𐬋 (vātō), Northern Kurdish ba/ با, Persian باد (bâd)), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *HwáHatas (compare Sanskrit वात (vā́ta)), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂wéh₁n̥ts (“blowing”), present participle of *h₂weh₁- (“to blow”).


کاگد

کاگد • (kágad)


ہمساہگ

hamsáhag (romanization)
hamsáhig (romanization)


شنگ

شنگ • (šing)


شاہر

شاہر • (šáhar, šáhir)

šáhar (romanization)
šáhir (romanization)


سرنب

Compare Persian سم (som, “hoof”), سنب (sonb, “hoof”), سمب (somb, “hoof”).


کوشست

کوشست • (košast)


شکل

شِکل • (šekl)

bal-noun

شِکل • (šekl)

Borrowed from Arabic شَكْل (šakl, “shape”).


جادوگر

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جادوگر • (jádúgar)


دستاں

دستاں • (dastá̃)


بروان

بروان • (burwán)


توار

توار • (tawár)


برات

برات • (barát)


موردانگ

موردانگ • (mordánag)


مہلوک

مہلوک • (mahlúk)


بیگاه

بیگاه • (bigāh)


صهب

منٚ هر صهب سؤارگ ورانٚ.


ہپتگ

From ہپت (hapt, “seven”) + ـگ (-ag). Cognate with Persian هفته (hafte) and Sanskrit सप्ताह (saptāha).


گدان

گدان • (gedán)

From Proto-Iranian *widaHna- (“tent”). Compare Middle Persian [script needed] (wyʾn /wiyān/, “tent”) (whence Persian گیان (goyân)), Parthian [Manichaean needed] (wdʾn /wiδān/), and Old Armenian վրան (vran).


روپگ

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روپگ • (rópag)

bal-noun

روپگ • (rópag)

From Proto-Iranian. Compare Middle Persian lwp- (rōb-), Persian رفتن (roftan).


مسیت

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مَسِیتّ • (masītt)

bal-noun

مَسِیتّ • (masītt)

مَسِیتّ (canonical)
masītt (romanization)

Corrupted from Classical Persian مَسْجِد (masjid) / مزگت (mazget), ultimately from Arabic مَسْجِد (masjid). Doublet of مسجد (masjid).


ہمب

From Middle Persian *anbag, Ultimately derives from Sanskrit आम्र (āmra, Mango).


بلوچِستان

Compound of بلۏچ (“Baloch people”) + ستان (“land”), of disputed origin. More at Baloch.


لاسی

The name given by the Baloch for the Sindhi people who settled in Balochistan.

A tribal Sindhi group in Eastern Balochistan who speak a Sindhi related language.


ارک

head

اَرک • (ark)

bal-noun

اَرک • (ark)

Borrowed from Classical Persian عرق ('araq), from Arabic عَرَقْ (ʕaraq, “sweat”).


دۏد

تندورءِ نگن ازبکݔن دۏدا ارزشت انت.

Tandyr nan is important in Uzbek culture.


ہچ

Cognate with Persian هیچ (hič), Pashto هېڅ (hēś).

اݔدا ہچ نہ بی.


ہچ

ہُچ (canonical)
hoc (romanization)
ہُچانٚ (plural)


بۏرچی

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بۏرچی • (bòrci)

/boːɾt͡ʃiː/ [bɯːɾˈt͡ʃiː]

Corrupted from Classical Persian باورچی (bāwarčī, “chef”).


مل مچ

mal mac (romanization)
ملمچ (alternative dialectal)
ملمچ (alternative dialectal)
مل مچھ (alternative dialectal)

Corrupted from Urdu مگرمچھ (magarmach, “crocodile”).


ساوڈ

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سَاوَڈ • (sàwaď)

Borrowed from Indo-Aryan. Ultimately from Sanskrit समुद्र (samudra). Presence of the [ɖ] consonant suggests a borrowing from a derivative of Paisaci Prakrit. Compare Sindhi سمنڊ (samunḍu).