"ܝܬܘܡܐ" meaning in Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "orphanage",
      "roman": "bēt yatūmē",
      "word": "ܒܹܝܬ ܝܲܬܘܼܡܹ̈ܐ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "orphanhood",
      "roman": "yatūmūtā",
      "word": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܘܼܬܵܐ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "fatherless",
      "roman": "yatūmā dbābā",
      "word": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܵܐ ܕܒܵܒܵܐ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "motherless",
      "roman": "yatūmā d-immā",
      "word": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܵܐ ܕܐܸܡܵܐ"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "aii",
        "2": "arc",
        "3": "יַתְמָא",
        "tr": "yaṯmā"
      },
      "expansion": "Aramaic יַתְמָא (yaṯmā)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "aii",
        "2": "sem-pro",
        "3": "*yatam-",
        "t": "to be fatherless or without a guardian, to be without support of family or tribe, to be disenfranchised or alone"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Semitic *yatam- (“to be fatherless or without a guardian, to be without support of family or tribe, to be disenfranchised or alone”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "syc",
        "2": "ܝܬܡܐ",
        "tr": "yaṯmā"
      },
      "expansion": "Classical Syriac ܝܬܡܐ (yaṯmā)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "he",
        "2": "יָתוֹם",
        "tr": "yatóm"
      },
      "expansion": "Hebrew יָתוֹם (yatóm)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "phn",
        "2": "𐤉‬𐤕‬𐤌‬",
        "tr": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Phoenician 𐤉‬𐤕‬𐤌 (y‬t‬m‬)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ar",
        "2": "يَتِيم"
      },
      "expansion": "Arabic يَتِيم (yatīm)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "myz",
        "2": "ࡉࡀࡕࡉࡌࡀ",
        "tr": "yatima"
      },
      "expansion": "Classical Mandaic ࡉࡀࡕࡉࡌࡀ (yatima)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tig",
        "2": "ያፓም",
        "tr": "yattam"
      },
      "expansion": "Tigre ያፓም (yattam)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "uga",
        "2": "𐎊𐎚𐎎",
        "tr": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Ugaritic 𐎊𐎚𐎎 (ytm)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "The form ܝܲܬ݂ܡܵܐ (yaṯmā), from Aramaic יַתְמָא (yaṯmā), from Proto-Semitic *yatam- (“to be fatherless or without a guardian, to be without support of family or tribe, to be disenfranchised or alone”) is attested in Nineveh Plains in Maclean’s ‘A Dictionary of the Dialects of Vernacular Syriac’ (1901). However, the modern form ܝܲܬܘܼܡܵܐ (yatūmā) exactly matches the common adjective pattern 1a22ū3ā, suggesting that this word originally meant “orphaned, fatherless,” while ܝܲܬ݂ܡܵܐ (yaṯmā) would have been the noun “orphan”. This distinction was probably lost and the adjective form assumed both meanings. Compare Classical Syriac ܝܬܡܐ (yaṯmā), Hebrew יָתוֹם (yatóm), Phoenician 𐤉‬𐤕‬𐤌 (y‬t‬m‬), Arabic يَتِيم (yatīm), Classical Mandaic ࡉࡀࡕࡉࡌࡀ (yatima), Tigre ያፓም (yattam), and Ugaritic 𐎊𐎚𐎎 (ytm).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܵܐ",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yatūmā",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܹ̈ܐ",
      "roman": "yatūmē",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܬܵܐ",
      "roman": "yatumtā",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aii-infl-noun/m",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "absolute",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܝܼ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "possessed-form",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yatūmī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "possessed-form",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܲܢ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "possessed-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yatūman",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "possessed-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "construct",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yatūm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "construct",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܘܼܟ݂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "possessed-form",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yatūmūḵ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "possessed-form",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܵܟ݂ܝ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "possessed-form",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yatūmāḵ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "possessed-form",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "possessed-form",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yatūmāwḵōn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "possessed-form",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܵܐ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "emphatic",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yatūmā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "emphatic",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܹܗ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "possessed-form",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yatūmēh",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "possessed-form",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܵܗ̇",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "possessed-form",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yatūmāh",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "possessed-form",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܗܘܿܢ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "possessed-form",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yatumhōn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "possessed-form",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "absolute",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܝܼ̈",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "possessed-form",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܲܢ̈",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "possessed-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܲܝ̈",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "construct",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yatūmay",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "construct",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܘܼ̈ܟ݂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "possessed-form",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܵܟ݂ܝ̈",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "possessed-form",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܵܘ̈ܟ݂ܘܿܢ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "possessed-form",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܹ̈ܐ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "emphatic",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yatūmē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "emphatic",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܘܼ̈ܗܝ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "possessed-form",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yatūmūh",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "possessed-form",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡ̈ܘܿܗ̇",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "possessed-form",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yatūmōh",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "possessed-form",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܗ̈ܘܿܢ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "possessed-form",
        "third-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܵܐ",
        "2": "m-s",
        "f": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܬܵܐ",
        "pl": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܹ̈ܐ"
      },
      "expansion": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܵܐ • (yatūmā) m sg (plural ܝܲܬܘܼܡܹ̈ܐ (yatūmē), feminine ܝܲܬܘܼܡܬܵܐ (yatumtā))",
      "name": "aii-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡ"
      },
      "name": "aii-infl-noun/m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "pl.1cp": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܲܢ̈",
        "pl.1cs": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܝܼ̈",
        "pl.2cp": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܵܘ̈ܟ݂ܘܿܢ",
        "pl.2fs": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܵܟ݂ܝ̈",
        "pl.2ms": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܘܼ̈ܟ݂",
        "pl.3cp": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܗ̈ܘܿܢ",
        "pl.3fs": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡ̈ܘܿܗ̇",
        "pl.3ms": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܘܼ̈ܗܝ",
        "pl.abs.": "–",
        "pl.cstr.": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܲܝ̈",
        "pl.emph.": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܹ̈ܐ",
        "sg.1cp": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܲܢ",
        "sg.1cs": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܝܼ",
        "sg.2cp": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ",
        "sg.2fs": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܵܟ݂ܝ",
        "sg.2ms": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܘܼܟ݂",
        "sg.3cp": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܗܘܿܢ",
        "sg.3fs": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܵܗ̇",
        "sg.3ms": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܹܗ",
        "sg.abs.": "–",
        "sg.cstr.": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡ",
        "sg.emph.": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܵܐ"
      },
      "name": "aii-infl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic",
  "lang_code": "aii",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Religion that God our Father accepts as pure and faultless is this: to look after orphans and widows in their distress and to keep oneself from being polluted by the world.",
          "ref": "James 1:27",
          "roman": "tāwdītā dḵītā w-d-lā mūmā qam allāhā bābā āhā ìlāh, d-nāšā tāpēq b-yatūmē w-armilyātē b-ulṣānāyh, w-nāṭēr gānēh min ˁālmā d-lā ṭulšā.",
          "text": "ܬܵܘܕܝܼܬܵܐ ܕܟ݂ܝܼܬܵܐ ܘܕܠܵܐ ܡܘܼܡܵܐ ܩܲܕ݇ܡ ܐܲܠܵܗܵܐ ܒܵܒܵܐ ܐܵܗܵܐ ܝܠܵܗ̇، ܕܐ݇ܢܵܫܵܐ ܬܵܦܹܩ ܒܝܲܬܘܼܡܹ̈ܐ ܘܐܲܪ̈ܡܸܠܝܵܬܹܐ ܒܐܘܼܠܨܵܢܵܝ̈ܗܝ، ܘܢܵܛܹܪ ܓܵܢܹܗ ܡ̣ܢ ܥܵܠܡܵܐ ܕܠܵܐ ܛܘܼܠܫܵܐ.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "orphan"
      ],
      "id": "en-ܝܬܘܡܐ-aii-noun-iPaBGrXY",
      "links": [
        [
          "orphan",
          "orphan"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "48 0 52",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "aii",
          "name": "People",
          "orig": "aii:People",
          "parents": [
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "fatherless or motherless person"
      ],
      "id": "en-ܝܬܘܡܐ-aii-noun-IME6OFww",
      "links": [
        [
          "fatherless",
          "fatherless"
        ],
        [
          "motherless",
          "motherless"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[yat.tuːmɑː]",
      "tags": [
        "Standard"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ܝܬܘܡܐ"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "aii",
        "2": "arc",
        "3": "יַתְמָא",
        "tr": "yaṯmā"
      },
      "expansion": "Aramaic יַתְמָא (yaṯmā)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "aii",
        "2": "sem-pro",
        "3": "*yatam-",
        "t": "to be fatherless or without a guardian, to be without support of family or tribe, to be disenfranchised or alone"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Semitic *yatam- (“to be fatherless or without a guardian, to be without support of family or tribe, to be disenfranchised or alone”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "syc",
        "2": "ܝܬܡܐ",
        "tr": "yaṯmā"
      },
      "expansion": "Classical Syriac ܝܬܡܐ (yaṯmā)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "he",
        "2": "יָתוֹם",
        "tr": "yatóm"
      },
      "expansion": "Hebrew יָתוֹם (yatóm)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "phn",
        "2": "𐤉‬𐤕‬𐤌‬",
        "tr": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Phoenician 𐤉‬𐤕‬𐤌 (y‬t‬m‬)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ar",
        "2": "يَتِيم"
      },
      "expansion": "Arabic يَتِيم (yatīm)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "myz",
        "2": "ࡉࡀࡕࡉࡌࡀ",
        "tr": "yatima"
      },
      "expansion": "Classical Mandaic ࡉࡀࡕࡉࡌࡀ (yatima)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tig",
        "2": "ያፓም",
        "tr": "yattam"
      },
      "expansion": "Tigre ያፓም (yattam)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "uga",
        "2": "𐎊𐎚𐎎",
        "tr": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Ugaritic 𐎊𐎚𐎎 (ytm)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "The form ܝܲܬ݂ܡܵܐ (yaṯmā), from Aramaic יַתְמָא (yaṯmā), from Proto-Semitic *yatam- (“to be fatherless or without a guardian, to be without support of family or tribe, to be disenfranchised or alone”) is attested in Nineveh Plains in Maclean’s ‘A Dictionary of the Dialects of Vernacular Syriac’ (1901). However, the modern form ܝܲܬܘܼܡܵܐ (yatūmā) exactly matches the common adjective pattern 1a22ū3ā, suggesting that this word originally meant “orphaned, fatherless,” while ܝܲܬ݂ܡܵܐ (yaṯmā) would have been the noun “orphan”. This distinction was probably lost and the adjective form assumed both meanings. Compare Classical Syriac ܝܬܡܐ (yaṯmā), Hebrew יָתוֹם (yatóm), Phoenician 𐤉‬𐤕‬𐤌 (y‬t‬m‬), Arabic يَتِيم (yatīm), Classical Mandaic ࡉࡀࡕࡉࡌࡀ (yatima), Tigre ያፓም (yattam), and Ugaritic 𐎊𐎚𐎎 (ytm).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܵܐ",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yatūmā",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܵܐ"
      },
      "expansion": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܵܐ • (yatūmā) ?",
      "name": "aii-proper noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic",
  "lang_code": "aii",
  "pos": "name",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic surnames",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "60 5 35",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "74 8 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "82 5 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "48 0 52",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "aii",
          "name": "People",
          "orig": "aii:People",
          "parents": [
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "a surname"
      ],
      "id": "en-ܝܬܘܡܐ-aii-name-v2O7m9sM",
      "links": [
        [
          "surname",
          "surname"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[yat.tuːmɑː]",
      "tags": [
        "Standard"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ܝܬܘܡܐ"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic entries with incorrect language header",
    "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic lemmas",
    "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic masculine nouns",
    "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic nouns",
    "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic proper nouns",
    "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic terms derived from Aramaic",
    "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic terms derived from Proto-Semitic",
    "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic terms inherited from Aramaic",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Requests for gender in Assyrian Neo-Aramaic entries",
    "aii:People"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "english": "orphanage",
      "roman": "bēt yatūmē",
      "word": "ܒܹܝܬ ܝܲܬܘܼܡܹ̈ܐ"
    },
    {
      "english": "orphanhood",
      "roman": "yatūmūtā",
      "word": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܘܼܬܵܐ"
    },
    {
      "english": "fatherless",
      "roman": "yatūmā dbābā",
      "word": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܵܐ ܕܒܵܒܵܐ"
    },
    {
      "english": "motherless",
      "roman": "yatūmā d-immā",
      "word": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܵܐ ܕܐܸܡܵܐ"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "aii",
        "2": "arc",
        "3": "יַתְמָא",
        "tr": "yaṯmā"
      },
      "expansion": "Aramaic יַתְמָא (yaṯmā)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "aii",
        "2": "sem-pro",
        "3": "*yatam-",
        "t": "to be fatherless or without a guardian, to be without support of family or tribe, to be disenfranchised or alone"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Semitic *yatam- (“to be fatherless or without a guardian, to be without support of family or tribe, to be disenfranchised or alone”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "syc",
        "2": "ܝܬܡܐ",
        "tr": "yaṯmā"
      },
      "expansion": "Classical Syriac ܝܬܡܐ (yaṯmā)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "he",
        "2": "יָתוֹם",
        "tr": "yatóm"
      },
      "expansion": "Hebrew יָתוֹם (yatóm)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "phn",
        "2": "𐤉‬𐤕‬𐤌‬",
        "tr": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Phoenician 𐤉‬𐤕‬𐤌 (y‬t‬m‬)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ar",
        "2": "يَتِيم"
      },
      "expansion": "Arabic يَتِيم (yatīm)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "myz",
        "2": "ࡉࡀࡕࡉࡌࡀ",
        "tr": "yatima"
      },
      "expansion": "Classical Mandaic ࡉࡀࡕࡉࡌࡀ (yatima)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tig",
        "2": "ያፓም",
        "tr": "yattam"
      },
      "expansion": "Tigre ያፓም (yattam)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "uga",
        "2": "𐎊𐎚𐎎",
        "tr": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Ugaritic 𐎊𐎚𐎎 (ytm)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "The form ܝܲܬ݂ܡܵܐ (yaṯmā), from Aramaic יַתְמָא (yaṯmā), from Proto-Semitic *yatam- (“to be fatherless or without a guardian, to be without support of family or tribe, to be disenfranchised or alone”) is attested in Nineveh Plains in Maclean’s ‘A Dictionary of the Dialects of Vernacular Syriac’ (1901). However, the modern form ܝܲܬܘܼܡܵܐ (yatūmā) exactly matches the common adjective pattern 1a22ū3ā, suggesting that this word originally meant “orphaned, fatherless,” while ܝܲܬ݂ܡܵܐ (yaṯmā) would have been the noun “orphan”. This distinction was probably lost and the adjective form assumed both meanings. Compare Classical Syriac ܝܬܡܐ (yaṯmā), Hebrew יָתוֹם (yatóm), Phoenician 𐤉‬𐤕‬𐤌 (y‬t‬m‬), Arabic يَتِيم (yatīm), Classical Mandaic ࡉࡀࡕࡉࡌࡀ (yatima), Tigre ያፓም (yattam), and Ugaritic 𐎊𐎚𐎎 (ytm).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܵܐ",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yatūmā",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܹ̈ܐ",
      "roman": "yatūmē",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܬܵܐ",
      "roman": "yatumtā",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aii-infl-noun/m",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "absolute",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܝܼ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "possessed-form",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yatūmī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "possessed-form",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܲܢ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "possessed-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yatūman",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "possessed-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "construct",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yatūm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "construct",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܘܼܟ݂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "possessed-form",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yatūmūḵ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "possessed-form",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܵܟ݂ܝ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "possessed-form",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yatūmāḵ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "possessed-form",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "possessed-form",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yatūmāwḵōn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "possessed-form",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܵܐ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "emphatic",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yatūmā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "emphatic",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܹܗ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "possessed-form",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yatūmēh",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "possessed-form",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܵܗ̇",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "possessed-form",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yatūmāh",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "possessed-form",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܗܘܿܢ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "possessed-form",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yatumhōn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "possessed-form",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "absolute",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܝܼ̈",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "possessed-form",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܲܢ̈",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "possessed-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܲܝ̈",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "construct",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yatūmay",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "construct",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܘܼ̈ܟ݂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "possessed-form",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܵܟ݂ܝ̈",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "possessed-form",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܵܘ̈ܟ݂ܘܿܢ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "possessed-form",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܹ̈ܐ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "emphatic",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yatūmē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "emphatic",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܘܼ̈ܗܝ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "possessed-form",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yatūmūh",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "possessed-form",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡ̈ܘܿܗ̇",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "possessed-form",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yatūmōh",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "possessed-form",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܗ̈ܘܿܢ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "possessed-form",
        "third-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܵܐ",
        "2": "m-s",
        "f": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܬܵܐ",
        "pl": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܹ̈ܐ"
      },
      "expansion": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܵܐ • (yatūmā) m sg (plural ܝܲܬܘܼܡܹ̈ܐ (yatūmē), feminine ܝܲܬܘܼܡܬܵܐ (yatumtā))",
      "name": "aii-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡ"
      },
      "name": "aii-infl-noun/m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "pl.1cp": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܲܢ̈",
        "pl.1cs": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܝܼ̈",
        "pl.2cp": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܵܘ̈ܟ݂ܘܿܢ",
        "pl.2fs": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܵܟ݂ܝ̈",
        "pl.2ms": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܘܼ̈ܟ݂",
        "pl.3cp": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܗ̈ܘܿܢ",
        "pl.3fs": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡ̈ܘܿܗ̇",
        "pl.3ms": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܘܼ̈ܗܝ",
        "pl.abs.": "–",
        "pl.cstr.": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܲܝ̈",
        "pl.emph.": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܹ̈ܐ",
        "sg.1cp": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܲܢ",
        "sg.1cs": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܝܼ",
        "sg.2cp": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ",
        "sg.2fs": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܵܟ݂ܝ",
        "sg.2ms": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܘܼܟ݂",
        "sg.3cp": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܗܘܿܢ",
        "sg.3fs": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܵܗ̇",
        "sg.3ms": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܹܗ",
        "sg.abs.": "–",
        "sg.cstr.": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡ",
        "sg.emph.": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܵܐ"
      },
      "name": "aii-infl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic",
  "lang_code": "aii",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Religion that God our Father accepts as pure and faultless is this: to look after orphans and widows in their distress and to keep oneself from being polluted by the world.",
          "ref": "James 1:27",
          "roman": "tāwdītā dḵītā w-d-lā mūmā qam allāhā bābā āhā ìlāh, d-nāšā tāpēq b-yatūmē w-armilyātē b-ulṣānāyh, w-nāṭēr gānēh min ˁālmā d-lā ṭulšā.",
          "text": "ܬܵܘܕܝܼܬܵܐ ܕܟ݂ܝܼܬܵܐ ܘܕܠܵܐ ܡܘܼܡܵܐ ܩܲܕ݇ܡ ܐܲܠܵܗܵܐ ܒܵܒܵܐ ܐܵܗܵܐ ܝܠܵܗ̇، ܕܐ݇ܢܵܫܵܐ ܬܵܦܹܩ ܒܝܲܬܘܼܡܹ̈ܐ ܘܐܲܪ̈ܡܸܠܝܵܬܹܐ ܒܐܘܼܠܨܵܢܵܝ̈ܗܝ، ܘܢܵܛܹܪ ܓܵܢܹܗ ܡ̣ܢ ܥܵܠܡܵܐ ܕܠܵܐ ܛܘܼܠܫܵܐ.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "orphan"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "orphan",
          "orphan"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "fatherless or motherless person"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "fatherless",
          "fatherless"
        ],
        [
          "motherless",
          "motherless"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[yat.tuːmɑː]",
      "tags": [
        "Standard"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ܝܬܘܡܐ"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic entries with incorrect language header",
    "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic lemmas",
    "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic masculine nouns",
    "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic nouns",
    "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic proper nouns",
    "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic terms derived from Aramaic",
    "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic terms derived from Proto-Semitic",
    "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic terms inherited from Aramaic",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Requests for gender in Assyrian Neo-Aramaic entries",
    "aii:People"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "aii",
        "2": "arc",
        "3": "יַתְמָא",
        "tr": "yaṯmā"
      },
      "expansion": "Aramaic יַתְמָא (yaṯmā)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "aii",
        "2": "sem-pro",
        "3": "*yatam-",
        "t": "to be fatherless or without a guardian, to be without support of family or tribe, to be disenfranchised or alone"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Semitic *yatam- (“to be fatherless or without a guardian, to be without support of family or tribe, to be disenfranchised or alone”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "syc",
        "2": "ܝܬܡܐ",
        "tr": "yaṯmā"
      },
      "expansion": "Classical Syriac ܝܬܡܐ (yaṯmā)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "he",
        "2": "יָתוֹם",
        "tr": "yatóm"
      },
      "expansion": "Hebrew יָתוֹם (yatóm)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "phn",
        "2": "𐤉‬𐤕‬𐤌‬",
        "tr": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Phoenician 𐤉‬𐤕‬𐤌 (y‬t‬m‬)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ar",
        "2": "يَتِيم"
      },
      "expansion": "Arabic يَتِيم (yatīm)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "myz",
        "2": "ࡉࡀࡕࡉࡌࡀ",
        "tr": "yatima"
      },
      "expansion": "Classical Mandaic ࡉࡀࡕࡉࡌࡀ (yatima)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tig",
        "2": "ያፓም",
        "tr": "yattam"
      },
      "expansion": "Tigre ያፓም (yattam)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "uga",
        "2": "𐎊𐎚𐎎",
        "tr": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Ugaritic 𐎊𐎚𐎎 (ytm)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "The form ܝܲܬ݂ܡܵܐ (yaṯmā), from Aramaic יַתְמָא (yaṯmā), from Proto-Semitic *yatam- (“to be fatherless or without a guardian, to be without support of family or tribe, to be disenfranchised or alone”) is attested in Nineveh Plains in Maclean’s ‘A Dictionary of the Dialects of Vernacular Syriac’ (1901). However, the modern form ܝܲܬܘܼܡܵܐ (yatūmā) exactly matches the common adjective pattern 1a22ū3ā, suggesting that this word originally meant “orphaned, fatherless,” while ܝܲܬ݂ܡܵܐ (yaṯmā) would have been the noun “orphan”. This distinction was probably lost and the adjective form assumed both meanings. Compare Classical Syriac ܝܬܡܐ (yaṯmā), Hebrew יָתוֹם (yatóm), Phoenician 𐤉‬𐤕‬𐤌 (y‬t‬m‬), Arabic يَتِيم (yatīm), Classical Mandaic ࡉࡀࡕࡉࡌࡀ (yatima), Tigre ያፓም (yattam), and Ugaritic 𐎊𐎚𐎎 (ytm).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܵܐ",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yatūmā",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܵܐ"
      },
      "expansion": "ܝܲܬܘܼܡܵܐ • (yatūmā) ?",
      "name": "aii-proper noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic",
  "lang_code": "aii",
  "pos": "name",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic surnames"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "a surname"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "surname",
          "surname"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[yat.tuːmɑː]",
      "tags": [
        "Standard"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ܝܬܘܡܐ"
}