"ճոռոմաբանել" meaning in Armenian

See ճոռոմաբանել in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

IPA: /t͡ʃoromɑbɑˈnel/ [Eastern-Armenian], [t͡ʃoromɑbɑnél] [Eastern-Armenian], /d͡ʒoɾomɑpɑˈnel/ [Western-Armenian], [d͡ʒoɾomɑpʰɑnél] [Western-Armenian]
Etymology: From Old Armenian ճոռոմաբանեմ (čoṙomabanem). Etymology templates: {{der|hy|xcl|ճոռոմաբանեմ}} Old Armenian ճոռոմաբանեմ (čoṙomabanem) Head templates: {{head|hy|verb|||||||head=}} ճոռոմաբանել • (čoṙomabanel), {{hy-verb}} ճոռոմաբանել • (čoṙomabanel) Inflection templates: {{hy-decl-noun-unc|ճոռոմաբանել|11=ճոռոմաբանելուն|11s=ճոռոմաբանելներիցս|13=ճոռոմաբանելների|13s=ճոռոմաբանելովս|15=ճոռոմաբանելներին|15s=ճոռոմաբանելներովս|17=ճոռոմաբանելուց|17s=ճոռոմաբանելումս|19=ճոռոմաբանելներից|19s=ճոռոմաբանելներումս|1s=ճոռոմաբանելս|21=ճոռոմաբանելով|21s=ճոռոմաբանելդ|23=ճոռոմաբանելներով|23s=ճոռոմաբանելներդ|25=ճոռոմաբանելում|25s=ճոռոմաբանելուդ|27=ճոռոմաբանելներում|27s=ճոռոմաբանելներիդ|29s=ճոռոմաբանելուցդ|3=ճոռոմաբանելը/ճոռոմաբանելն|31s=ճոռոմաբանելներիցդ|33s=ճոռոմաբանելովդ|35s=ճոռոմաբանելներովդ|37s=ճոռոմաբանելումդ|39s=ճոռոմաբանելներումդ|3s=ճոռոմաբանելներս|5=ճոռոմաբանելներ|5s=ճոռոմաբանելուս|7=ճոռոմաբանելները/ճոռոմաբանելներն|7s=ճոռոմաբանելներիս|9=ճոռոմաբանելու|9s=ճոռոմաբանելուցս|inf=on|n=|note=|stem=u-type, inanimate}} Forms: čoṙomabanel [romanization], no-table-tags [table-tags], ճոռոմաբանել [infinitive], no-table-tags [table-tags], ճոռոմաբանել [nominative, singular, singular-only], ճոռոմաբանելու [dative, singular, singular-only], ճոռոմաբանելուց [ablative, singular, singular-only], ճոռոմաբանելով [instrumental, singular, singular-only], ճոռոմաբանելում [locative, singular, singular-only], ճոռոմաբանելը [definite, nominative, singular, singular-only], ճոռոմաբանելն [definite, nominative, singular, singular-only], ճոռոմաբանելուն [dative, definite, singular, singular-only], ճոռոմաբանելս [first-person, nominative, possessive, singular, singular-only], ճոռոմաբանելուս [dative, first-person, possessive, singular, singular-only], ճոռոմաբանելուցս [ablative, first-person, possessive, singular, singular-only], ճոռոմաբանելովս [first-person, instrumental, possessive, singular, singular-only], ճոռոմաբանելումս [first-person, locative, possessive, singular, singular-only], ճոռոմաբանելդ [nominative, possessive, second-person, singular, singular-only], ճոռոմաբանելուդ [dative, possessive, second-person, singular, singular-only], ճոռոմաբանելուցդ [ablative, possessive, second-person, singular, singular-only], ճոռոմաբանելովդ [instrumental, possessive, second-person, singular, singular-only], ճոռոմաբանելումդ [locative, possessive, second-person, singular, singular-only]
  1. to speak or write in a style that is inflated, embellished, ornate, elevated
    Sense id: en-ճոռոմաբանել-hy-verb-YWiEKUcP Categories (other): Armenian entries with incorrect language header, Armenian links with redundant wikilinks, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries
     
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hy",
        "2": "xcl",
        "3": "ճոռոմաբանեմ"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Armenian ճոռոմաբանեմ (čoṙomabanem)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Armenian ճոռոմաբանեմ (čoṙomabanem).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "čoṙomabanel",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "l",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ճոռոմաբանել",
      "roman": "čoṙomabanel",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hy-noun-ու-ներ-inf",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ճոռոմաբանել",
      "roman": "čoṙomabanel",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "singular-only"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ճոռոմաբանելու",
      "roman": "čoṙomabanelu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular",
        "singular-only"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ճոռոմաբանելուց",
      "roman": "čoṙomabanelucʻ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular",
        "singular-only"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ճոռոմաբանելով",
      "roman": "čoṙomabanelov",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular",
        "singular-only"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ճոռոմաբանելում",
      "roman": "čoṙomabanelum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular",
        "singular-only"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ճոռոմաբանելը",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "singular-only"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ճոռոմաբանելն",
      "roman": "čoṙomabanelə/čoṙomabaneln",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "singular-only"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ճոռոմաբանելուն",
      "roman": "čoṙomabanelun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "definite",
        "singular",
        "singular-only"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ճոռոմաբանելս",
      "roman": "čoṙomabanels",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "nominative",
        "possessive",
        "singular",
        "singular-only"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ճոռոմաբանելուս",
      "roman": "čoṙomabanelus",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "first-person",
        "possessive",
        "singular",
        "singular-only"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ճոռոմաբանելուցս",
      "roman": "čoṙomabanelucʻs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "first-person",
        "possessive",
        "singular",
        "singular-only"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ճոռոմաբանելովս",
      "roman": "čoṙomabanelovs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "instrumental",
        "possessive",
        "singular",
        "singular-only"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ճոռոմաբանելումս",
      "roman": "čoṙomabanelums",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "locative",
        "possessive",
        "singular",
        "singular-only"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ճոռոմաբանելդ",
      "roman": "čoṙomabaneld",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "possessive",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "singular-only"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ճոռոմաբանելուդ",
      "roman": "čoṙomabanelud",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "possessive",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "singular-only"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ճոռոմաբանելուցդ",
      "roman": "čoṙomabanelucʻd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "possessive",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "singular-only"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ճոռոմաբանելովդ",
      "roman": "čoṙomabanelovd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "possessive",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "singular-only"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ճոռոմաբանելումդ",
      "roman": "čoṙomabanelumd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "possessive",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "singular-only"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hy",
        "2": "verb",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "ճոռոմաբանել • (čoṙomabanel)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "ճոռոմաբանել • (čoṙomabanel)",
      "name": "hy-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ճոռոմաբանել",
        "11": "ճոռոմաբանելուն",
        "11s": "ճոռոմաբանելներիցս",
        "13": "ճոռոմաբանելների",
        "13s": "ճոռոմաբանելովս",
        "15": "ճոռոմաբանելներին",
        "15s": "ճոռոմաբանելներովս",
        "17": "ճոռոմաբանելուց",
        "17s": "ճոռոմաբանելումս",
        "19": "ճոռոմաբանելներից",
        "19s": "ճոռոմաբանելներումս",
        "1s": "ճոռոմաբանելս",
        "21": "ճոռոմաբանելով",
        "21s": "ճոռոմաբանելդ",
        "23": "ճոռոմաբանելներով",
        "23s": "ճոռոմաբանելներդ",
        "25": "ճոռոմաբանելում",
        "25s": "ճոռոմաբանելուդ",
        "27": "ճոռոմաբանելներում",
        "27s": "ճոռոմաբանելներիդ",
        "29s": "ճոռոմաբանելուցդ",
        "3": "ճոռոմաբանելը/ճոռոմաբանելն",
        "31s": "ճոռոմաբանելներիցդ",
        "33s": "ճոռոմաբանելովդ",
        "35s": "ճոռոմաբանելներովդ",
        "37s": "ճոռոմաբանելումդ",
        "39s": "ճոռոմաբանելներումդ",
        "3s": "ճոռոմաբանելներս",
        "5": "ճոռոմաբանելներ",
        "5s": "ճոռոմաբանելուս",
        "7": "ճոռոմաբանելները/ճոռոմաբանելներն",
        "7s": "ճոռոմաբանելներիս",
        "9": "ճոռոմաբանելու",
        "9s": "ճոռոմաբանելուցս",
        "inf": "on",
        "n": "",
        "note": "",
        "stem": "u-type, inanimate"
      },
      "name": "hy-decl-noun-unc"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Armenian",
  "lang_code": "hy",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Armenian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Armenian links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to speak or write in a style that is inflated, embellished, ornate, elevated"
      ],
      "id": "en-ճոռոմաբանել-hy-verb-YWiEKUcP",
      "links": [
        [
          "inflated",
          "inflated"
        ],
        [
          "embellished",
          "embellished"
        ],
        [
          "ornate",
          "ornate"
        ],
        [
          "elevated",
          "elevated"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ʃoromɑbɑˈnel/",
      "tags": [
        "Eastern-Armenian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡ʃoromɑbɑnél]",
      "tags": [
        "Eastern-Armenian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/d͡ʒoɾomɑpɑˈnel/",
      "tags": [
        "Western-Armenian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[d͡ʒoɾomɑpʰɑnél]",
      "tags": [
        "Western-Armenian"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ճոռոմաբանել"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hy",
        "2": "xcl",
        "3": "ճոռոմաբանեմ"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Armenian ճոռոմաբանեմ (čoṙomabanem)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Armenian ճոռոմաբանեմ (čoṙomabanem).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "čoṙomabanel",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "l",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ճոռոմաբանել",
      "roman": "čoṙomabanel",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hy-noun-ու-ներ-inf",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ճոռոմաբանել",
      "roman": "čoṙomabanel",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "singular-only"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ճոռոմաբանելու",
      "roman": "čoṙomabanelu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular",
        "singular-only"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ճոռոմաբանելուց",
      "roman": "čoṙomabanelucʻ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular",
        "singular-only"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ճոռոմաբանելով",
      "roman": "čoṙomabanelov",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular",
        "singular-only"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ճոռոմաբանելում",
      "roman": "čoṙomabanelum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular",
        "singular-only"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ճոռոմաբանելը",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "singular-only"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ճոռոմաբանելն",
      "roman": "čoṙomabanelə/čoṙomabaneln",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "singular-only"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ճոռոմաբանելուն",
      "roman": "čoṙomabanelun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "definite",
        "singular",
        "singular-only"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ճոռոմաբանելս",
      "roman": "čoṙomabanels",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "nominative",
        "possessive",
        "singular",
        "singular-only"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ճոռոմաբանելուս",
      "roman": "čoṙomabanelus",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "first-person",
        "possessive",
        "singular",
        "singular-only"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ճոռոմաբանելուցս",
      "roman": "čoṙomabanelucʻs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "first-person",
        "possessive",
        "singular",
        "singular-only"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ճոռոմաբանելովս",
      "roman": "čoṙomabanelovs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "instrumental",
        "possessive",
        "singular",
        "singular-only"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ճոռոմաբանելումս",
      "roman": "čoṙomabanelums",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "locative",
        "possessive",
        "singular",
        "singular-only"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ճոռոմաբանելդ",
      "roman": "čoṙomabaneld",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "possessive",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "singular-only"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ճոռոմաբանելուդ",
      "roman": "čoṙomabanelud",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "possessive",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "singular-only"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ճոռոմաբանելուցդ",
      "roman": "čoṙomabanelucʻd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "possessive",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "singular-only"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ճոռոմաբանելովդ",
      "roman": "čoṙomabanelovd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "possessive",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "singular-only"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ճոռոմաբանելումդ",
      "roman": "čoṙomabanelumd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "possessive",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "singular-only"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hy",
        "2": "verb",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "ճոռոմաբանել • (čoṙomabanel)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "ճոռոմաբանել • (čoṙomabanel)",
      "name": "hy-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ճոռոմաբանել",
        "11": "ճոռոմաբանելուն",
        "11s": "ճոռոմաբանելներիցս",
        "13": "ճոռոմաբանելների",
        "13s": "ճոռոմաբանելովս",
        "15": "ճոռոմաբանելներին",
        "15s": "ճոռոմաբանելներովս",
        "17": "ճոռոմաբանելուց",
        "17s": "ճոռոմաբանելումս",
        "19": "ճոռոմաբանելներից",
        "19s": "ճոռոմաբանելներումս",
        "1s": "ճոռոմաբանելս",
        "21": "ճոռոմաբանելով",
        "21s": "ճոռոմաբանելդ",
        "23": "ճոռոմաբանելներով",
        "23s": "ճոռոմաբանելներդ",
        "25": "ճոռոմաբանելում",
        "25s": "ճոռոմաբանելուդ",
        "27": "ճոռոմաբանելներում",
        "27s": "ճոռոմաբանելներիդ",
        "29s": "ճոռոմաբանելուցդ",
        "3": "ճոռոմաբանելը/ճոռոմաբանելն",
        "31s": "ճոռոմաբանելներիցդ",
        "33s": "ճոռոմաբանելովդ",
        "35s": "ճոռոմաբանելներովդ",
        "37s": "ճոռոմաբանելումդ",
        "39s": "ճոռոմաբանելներումդ",
        "3s": "ճոռոմաբանելներս",
        "5": "ճոռոմաբանելներ",
        "5s": "ճոռոմաբանելուս",
        "7": "ճոռոմաբանելները/ճոռոմաբանելներն",
        "7s": "ճոռոմաբանելներիս",
        "9": "ճոռոմաբանելու",
        "9s": "ճոռոմաբանելուցս",
        "inf": "on",
        "n": "",
        "note": "",
        "stem": "u-type, inanimate"
      },
      "name": "hy-decl-noun-unc"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Armenian",
  "lang_code": "hy",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Armenian entries with incorrect language header",
        "Armenian lemmas",
        "Armenian links with redundant wikilinks",
        "Armenian terms derived from Old Armenian",
        "Armenian terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Armenian verbs",
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to speak or write in a style that is inflated, embellished, ornate, elevated"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "inflated",
          "inflated"
        ],
        [
          "embellished",
          "embellished"
        ],
        [
          "ornate",
          "ornate"
        ],
        [
          "elevated",
          "elevated"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ʃoromɑbɑˈnel/",
      "tags": [
        "Eastern-Armenian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡ʃoromɑbɑnél]",
      "tags": [
        "Eastern-Armenian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/d͡ʒoɾomɑpɑˈnel/",
      "tags": [
        "Western-Armenian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[d͡ʒoɾomɑpʰɑnél]",
      "tags": [
        "Western-Armenian"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ճոռոմաբանել"
}

Download raw JSONL data for ճոռոմաբանել meaning in Armenian (6.3kB)

{
  "called_from": "parser/328",
  "msg": "TABLE not properly closed",
  "path": [
    "ճոռոմաբանել"
  ],
  "section": "Armenian",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "ճոռոմաբանել",
  "trace": "started on line 4, detected on line 20"
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/304",
  "msg": "HTML tag <div> not properly closed",
  "path": [
    "ճոռոմաբանել"
  ],
  "section": "Armenian",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "ճոռոմաբանել",
  "trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 20"
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </div>",
  "path": [
    "ճոռոմաբանել"
  ],
  "section": "Armenian",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "ճոռոմաբանել",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/328",
  "msg": "TABLE not properly closed",
  "path": [
    "ճոռոմաբանել"
  ],
  "section": "Armenian",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "ճոռոմաբանել",
  "trace": "started on line 12, detected on line 22"
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/304",
  "msg": "HTML tag <div> not properly closed",
  "path": [
    "ճոռոմաբանել"
  ],
  "section": "Armenian",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "ճոռոմաբանել",
  "trace": "started on line 10, detected on line 22"
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </div>",
  "path": [
    "ճոռոմաբանել"
  ],
  "section": "Armenian",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "ճոռոմաբանել",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Armenian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-13 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (4ba5975 and 4ed51a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.