כתב

head

כְּתַב • (kəṯaḇ)

רְחוּם בְּעֵל־טְעֵם וְשִׁמְשַׁי סָפְרָא כְּתַבוּ אִגְּרָה חֲדָה עַל־יְרוּשְׁלֶם לְאַרְתַּחְשַׁשְׂתְּא מַלְכָּא כְּנֵמָא׃

Tanach, Ezra [[s:he:T35a04#ד_ח|4:8]], with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:

Rehum the commander and Shimshai the scribe wrote a letter against Jerusalem to Artaxerxes the king in this sort--

rəḥūm bəʿēl-ṭəʿēm wəšimšay sāp̄ərā kəṯáḇū ʾiggərā ḥăḏā ʿal-yərūšəlem ləʾartaḥšaśt malkā kənḗmā.


שרף

שְׂרַף • (sraf)


קרא

קרא • (q'rā)


עבר

עבר • (ʿāḇar)


הלך

הֲלֵךְ • (hălēḵ) (future יְהָךְ (yəhāḵ))

הֲלֵךְ (canonical)
hălēḵ (romanization)
יְהָךְ (future)


הלך

הַלֵּךְ • (hallēḵ) (future יְהַלֵּךְ (yəhallēḵ))

הַלֵּךְ (canonical)
hallēḵ (romanization)
יְהַלֵּךְ (future)


ברא

בְּרָא • (b'rā)

בְּרָא (canonical)
b'rā (romanization)
𐡁𐡓𐡀 (alternative)


אבב

אֲבַב • (aḇaḇ)


אבד

אֲבַד • (avad)

יֵאבַדוּ מֵאַרְעָא וּמִן־תְּחוֹת שְׁמַיָּא אֵלֶּה׃

Tanach, Jeremiah [[s:he:T1110#י_יא|10:11]], with translation of the New International Version:

May they disappear from the earth and from beneath this heaven


אבה

אָבָה, אָבֵי


הוא

הֲוָא • (hăwā)

הֲוָא (canonical)
hăwā (romanization)
הֲוָה (alternative)
masculine
singular
feminine
plural
first person
second person
third person
present
all persons
{{{pr.ms}}}
{{{pr.fs}}}
{{{pr.mp}}}
{{{pr.fp}}}
imperative
{{{imp.ms}}}
{{{imp.fs}}}
{{{imp.mp}}}
{{{imp.fp}}}


אמר

אֲמַר • (ʾamar)

בראשית רבה ע, טז
[כט, יז] ״וְעֵינֵי לֵאָה רַכּוֹת״, אֲמוֹרָאֵיהּ דְּרַבִּי יוֹחָנָן תִּרְגֵּם קוֹדְמוֹי: וְעֵינֵי לֵאָה הֲווֹ רַכִּיכִין, אֲמַר לֵיהּ: עֵינוֹהִי דְּאִימָּךְ הֲווֹ רַכִּיכִין

(please add an English translation of this quotation)


אחד

From Proto-West Semitic *ʔaḫaḏ-. Compare Arabic أَخَذَ (ʔaḵaḏa), Hebrew אחז (aḥáz).


זרע

זְרַע • (zəraʿ)


ברך

בְּרַךְ • (bəraḵ)

בְּרַךְ (canonical)
bəraḵ (romanization)

וְזִמְנִין תְּלָתָה בְיוֹמָא הוּא בָּרֵךְ עַל־בִּרְכוֹהִי וּמְצַלֵּא וּמוֹדֵא קֳדָם אֱלָהֵהּ

Tanach, Daniel [[s:he:T3406#ו_יא|6:11]], with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:

and he kneeled upon his knees three times a day, and prayed, and gave thanks before his God

wəzimnīn təlāṯā bəyōmā hū bārēḵ ʿal-birḵṓhī ūməṣallē ūmōḏē qŏḏām ʾĕlāhēh


ברך

בָּרֵךְ • (bārēḵ)

בָּרֵךְ (canonical)
bārēḵ (romanization)

אֱדַיִן דָּנִיֵּאל בָּרִךְ לֶאֱלָהּ שְׁמַיָּא

Tanach, Daniel [[s:he:T3402#ב_יט|2:19]], with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:


אזל

אֲזַל (canonical)
ʾăzal (romanization)
יֵאזֵל (future)

וְלָבָן אֲזַל לְמִגַּז יָת עָנֵיהּ וּנְסֵיבַת רָחֵל יָת צַלְמָנַיָּא דִּלְאֲבוּהָא

And Laban had gone to shear his sheep and Rachel took her father's household gods.


ירק

to be light coloured/colored, pale, green, yellow


שמע

שְׁמַע • (šəmaʿ)

שְׁמַע (canonical)
šəmaʿ (romanization)
ܫܡܰܥ (alternative)


עמר

From Proto-Semitic [Term?]. Compare Hebrew צֶמֶר (ṣémer) and Tigrinya ጸምሪ (ṣämri).


דגל

דְּגַל • (dḡal) (future יְדַגֵּיל (yəḏaggēl))

דְּגַל (canonical)
dḡal (romanization)
יְדַגֵּיל (future)


עקב

to trip (literally "to hold by the heel")


חבר

Cognate with Arabic خ ب ر (ḵ b r) and Hebrew חבר.


מטר

מטר • (miṭrā)


נפח

נָפַח or נְפַח • (nāp̄aḥ or nəp̄aḥ)

נָפַח (canonical)
נְפַח (canonical)
nāp̄aḥ (romanization)
nəp̄aḥ (romanization)
ܢܦܰܚ (alternative)


קדם

קדם • (qəḏam)

qəḏam (romanization)
ܩܕܡ (alternative)
𐡒𐡃𐡌 (alternative)

From the root Proto-Semitic *q-d-m (“to precede, come before”). Compare Arabic قَدَمَ (qadama), Hebrew קדם and Classical Syriac ܩܕܡ.


עבד

Belonging to the root ע־ב־ד (`-b-d) pertaining to work. A Central Semitic innovation, cognate with Arabic عَبْد (ʕabd), Phoenician 𐤏𐤁𐤃 (ʿbd), Ugaritic 𐎓𐎁𐎄 (ʿbd), Hebrew עֶבֶד ('éved), Minaean 𐩲𐩨𐩵 (ʿbd).


מות

head

מוּת • (mūṯ)

masculine singular imperative of מִית (mīṯ)


שבת

שְׁבַת • (šəḇaṯ)


תרגם

תִּרְגֵּם • (tirgem)

תִּרְגֵּם (canonical)
tirgem (romanization)

proclaim, to deliver (aloud, a proclamation)

בראשית רבה ע, טז
אֲמוֹרָאֵיהּ דְּרַבִּי יוֹחָנָן תִּרְגֵּם קוֹדְמוֹי


צבע

צְבַע • (ṣəbaʿ)

צְבַע (canonical)
ṣəbaʿ (romanization)
ܨܒܱܥ (alternative)


שתא

שְׁתָא • (šəṯā)

אִשְׁתִּי אשתי#Aramaic


רמא

רְמָא (canonical)
rəmā (romanization)
יִרְמֵי (future)
ࡓࡌࡀ (alternative)
ܪܡܐ (alternative)
רמה (alternative)

From the root ר־מ־י, from Proto-Semitic *ramay- (“to throw”).


הות

הֲוָת • (hăwāṯ) f

הֲוָא הוא#Aramaic

third-person singular feminine past of הֲוָא (hăwā, “to be, to exist”)


כרם

כָּרַם • (kāram)

כָּרַם (canonical)
kāram (romanization)
ܟܪܡ (alternative)


פרח

פְּרַח • (pəraḥ)

פְּרַח (canonical)
pəraḥ (romanization)
ܦܪܰܚ (alternative)


דבר

וּכְמִסַּק צַפְרָא הֲוָה וּדְחִיקוּ מַלְאָכַיָּא בְּלוֹט לְמֵימָר קוּם דְּבַר יָת אִתְּתָךְ וְיָת תַּרְתֵּין בְּנָתָךְ דְּאִשְׁתְּכַחַן מְהֵימְנָן עִמָּךְ דִּילְמָא תִלְקֵי בְּחוֹבֵי קַרְתָּא:

At the break of dawn, the angels urged Lot on, saying, Get up! Take your wife and your two daughters who are here [who are found to be faithful to you], lest you be swept away in the iniquity of the city.


כפר

כְפַר • (kp̄ar) (future יִכְפַּר (yiḵpar))

כְפַר (canonical)
kp̄ar (romanization)
יִכְפַּר (future)


מלח

מַלַח or מְלַח • (mālaḥ or mlaḥ)

מַלַח (canonical)
מְלַח (canonical)
mālaḥ (romanization)
mlaḥ (romanization)


פתח

פְּתַח • (pəṯaḥ)

Cognate with Arabic فَتَحَ (fataḥa) and Hebrew פָּתַח.

cog

Hebrew פָּתַח


זקן

head

זְקַן • (zəqan)


חמא

חמא • (ḥəmā)


כסא

כְּסָא • (kəsā)


מנא

מְנֵא • (mənā)

דְּנָה פְּשַׁר־מִלְּתָא מְנֵא מְנָה־אֱלָהָא מַלְכוּתָךְ וְהַשְׁלְמַהּ׃

Tanach, Daniel [[s:he:T3405#|5:25-26]], with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:

This is the interpretation of the thing: MENE [mina], God hath numbered thy kingdom, and brought it to an end.

dənā pəšar-milləṯā mənē mənā-ʾĕlāhā malḵūṯāḵ wəhašləmah.


אתא

אֲתָא • (ʾaṯā)

Compare Ugaritic 𐎀𐎚𐎆 (ảtw, “come”), Arabic أَتَى (ʔatā) and Ge'ez አተወ (ʾätäwä, “go home”).


כבר

כְּבַר • (kəḇar)


כבר

כַּבֵּר • (kabbēr)

כַּבֵּר (canonical)
kabbēr (romanization)


חבב

חבב • (ḥaváv)


לבש

לבש • (ləḇaš)


חזא

חזא • (ḥaza)


קטל

קטל • (qəṭal)


שקל

→ North Levantine Arabic: شقل (šaʔal)


ילף

יְלַף • (yəlap̄)


ילף

יַלֵּף • (yallēp̄)

יַלֵּף (canonical)
yallēp̄ (romanization)


דרש

דְּרַשׁ • (dəraš)

דְּרַשׁ (canonical)
dəraš (romanization)


קטע

קְטַע • (qṭaʿ) (future יִקְטַע (yiqṭaʿ))

קְטַע (canonical)
qṭaʿ (romanization)
יִקְטַע (future)
ܩܛܥ (alternative)


זבן

חַד גַּדְיָא, חַד גַּדְיָ דְּזַבִּין אַבָּא בִּתְרֵי זוּזֵ.

Chad Gadya, Jewish traditional Passover song

One little goat, one little goat, which my father sold for two zuzim.

ħaḏ gaḏyā, ħaḏ gaḏyā, dəzabbīn abbā biṯrē zūzē.


בנא

בְּנָא • (bənā)

From Proto-Semitic *banay-. Cognate with Arabic بَنَى (banā), Biblical Hebrew בָּנָה (bɔnɔ́), Akkadian 𒆕 (banûm) and Ugaritic 𐎁𐎐𐎊 (bny).


בשל

Cognate with Hebrew בָּשַׁל (bashál, “to ripen”).


ארך

ארך • (ʾeréḥ)


שבק

שְׁבַק (canonical)
sh'vaq (romanization)


שבק

שַׁבֵּק (canonical)
shabbeq (romanization)


פש

פָּשׁ • (pāš)


רקד

רקד • (rəqaḏ)


ערק

עֲרַק • (ʿăraq) (future יִערוֹק (yiʿrо̄q))

עֲרַק (canonical)
ʿăraq (romanization)
יִערוֹק (future)

וְאַבשָׁלוֹם עֲרַק וַאֲזַל לִגשׁוּר וַהֲוָה תַמָן תְּלָת שְׁנִין

Tanach, [[s:he:T0142#מב_כו|42:26]], with translation of the New International Version:

After Absalom fled and went to Geshur, he stayed there three years


נפק

נְפַק • (nəpaq) (future יִפּוֹק (yippо̄q))

נְפַק (canonical)
nəpaq (romanization)
יִפּוֹק (future)

וֻנפַק נֹחַ וֻבנוֹהִי וְאִיתְתֵיה וֻנשֵי בְנוֹהִי עִימֵיה׃

Tanach, [[s:he:T0108#ח_יח|8:18]], with translation of the New International Version:

So Noah came out, together with his sons and his wife and his sons’ wives


ינק

יְנַק • (yᵊnaq)

desc

→ Jewish Babylonian Aramaic: ינקא (yānqā)


אסא

head

אֲסָא • (ʾăsā)

אֲסָא (canonical)
ʾăsā (romanization)
אֲסִי (alternative)
ܐܣܐ (alternative Syriac)

Back-formation from אָסֵי (ʾāsē), אָסְיָא (ʾāsyā, “physician, healer”).


נחם

נְחַם • (nᵊḥam)


קרש

קְרַשׁ • (qəraš)

Related to Hebrew קָרַשׁ (karásh, qɔraš, “to solidify”)


בכא

Cognate with Arabic بَكَى (bakā, “to cry, to weep”).


בקא

head

בְּקָא • (bqā)

בְּקָא (canonical)
bqā (romanization)
ܒܩܐ (alternative)


משח

מְשַׁח • (m'šaḥ)

From the root מ־שׁ־ח /ܡ ܫ ܚ related to anointing. Compare Arabic مَسَحَ (masaḥa), from cognate root م س ح (m s ḥ), and Ugaritic 𐎎𐎌𐎈 (mšḥ).

ar-root

م س ح (m s ḥ)


בדר

Possibly related to Arabic بَذَرَ (baḏara, “to seed”).


כפן

head

כְפַּן • (câpēn)


פתל

פָּתַל • (pātal)


טבח

טְבַח • (t'vaḥ)

טְבַח (canonical)
t'vaḥ (romanization)
ܛܒܚ (alternative)

to slaughter an animal to be prepared for a meal


טבח

טַבַּח • (tabbaḥ)

טַבַּח (canonical)
tabbaḥ (romanization)
ܛܒܚ (alternative)


חבל

חֲבַל • (ḥăḇal)

Probably cognate to the Arabic root خ ب ل (ḵ b l).

ar-root

خ ب ل (ḵ b l)


כנש

Cognate with Hebrew כ־נ־ס (“assemble, gather”).


שלט

שְׁלַט (perfect)
לִישְׁלוֹט (imperfect)
נִישְׁלוֹט (imperfect)
שְׁלַטַת (perfect)
שְׁלַטָא (perfect)
שַׁלְטָא (perfect)
תִּישְׁלוֹט (imperfect)
שְׁלַטְתְּ (perfect)
תִּישְׁלְטִין (imperfect)
שְׁלַטִית (perfect)
אֶשְׁלוֹט (imperfect)
שְׁלַטוּ (perfect)
שַׁלְטוּ (perfect)
לִישְׁלְטוּן (imperfect)
נִישְׁלְטוּן (imperfect)
שְׁלַטָן (perfect)
שְׁלַטְתּוּן (perfect)
תִּישְׁלְטוּן (imperfect)
שְׁלַטְנַן (perfect)
שְׁלַטְנָא (perfect)
שְׁלַטַן (perfect)
שְׁלַטִינַן (perfect)


פקד

Compare Akkadian 𒋗𒋧 (/paqādu/, “to entrust”)


בטל

head

בְּטַל • (bəṭal)

The verb “to be invalid” is inherited from Proto-Semitic *baṭal-. For the geminate verb compare the same in Ge'ez በጠለ (bäṭṭälä) and Arabic بَطَّلَ (baṭṭala).


בטל

בַּטֵּל • (baṭṭēl)

בַּטֵּל (canonical)
baṭṭēl (romanization)

(transitive) to make cease, stop, cancel


סבר

סְבַר • (sḇar)

Compare with Arabic سَبَرَ (sabara, “to search, to probe”), from an Aramaic borrowing.

cog

to show a bright face towards, to be favourable towards

to consider, to regard, to look on; to have a notion to think, to understand


תקל

From Proto-Semitic *ṯql (“to weigh; burden, weight”). Compare Hebrew שֶׁקֶל (šéqel), Ugaritic 𐎘𐎖𐎍 (ṯql), Arabic ثِقْل (ṯiql).

inh

תְּקֵל תְּקִילְתָּ בְמֹאזַנְיָא וְהִשְׁתְּכַחַתְּ חַסִּיר׃

Tanach, Daniel [[s:he:T3405#ה_כז|5:27]], with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:

TEKEL [shekel], Thou art weighed in the balances, and art found wanting.

təqēl təqī́ltā ḇəmōzanyā wəhištəḵáḥat ḥassīr.


פרס

head

פְּרַס • (p’ras)

Cognate with Hebrew פָּרַס (pāras, “to slice, cut”).

פְּרֵס פְּרִיסַת מַלְכוּתָךְ וִיהִיבַת לְמָדַי וּפָרָס׃

Tanach, Daniel [[s:he:T3405#ה_כח|5:28]], with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:

PERES [half-shekel], thy kingdom is divided, and given to the Medes and Persians.

pərēs pərīsaṯ malḵūṯāḵ wīhīḇaṯ ləmāḏay ūp̄ārās.


פרס

פְּרַס • (pəras)

פְּרַס (canonical)
pəras (romanization)
פְּרַשׂ (alternative)

Cognate with Hebrew פָּרַשׂ (pāraś, “to spread”).


רעד

רְעַד • (r'ad)


פלסף

From Ancient Greek φιλοσοφέω (philosophéō), from φιλόσοφος (philósophos).


חלם

חלם • (ħălam)


רגם

Compare Arabic رَجَمَ (rajama) and Classical Syriac ܪܓܡ (rəḡam).


זקף

זְקַף • (zəqaf)


שבח

שְׁבַח • (šəb̲aḥ)

שְׁבַח (canonical)
šəb̲aḥ (romanization)

improve, increase in value or quality; make a profit


תמה

תְּמַהּ • (təmah)

תְּמַהּ (canonical)
təmah (romanization)


נשק

From Proto-Semitic *našaq- (“to be in close contact, to be joined together”). Cognate with Ugaritic 𐎐𐎌𐎖 (nšq, “to kiss”), Akkadian 𒉈𒅢 (/našāqu/, “to kiss”), Arabic نَسَقَ (nasaqa, “to be set next to each other, to be side by side, to be paired or coordinated, to be arranged symmetrically, to be touching closely or attached”).


קום

head

קוּם • (qūm)

masculine singular imperative of קָם (qām)


לחש

לְחַשׁ • (l'ħāş)


כרז

Cf. the Hebrew root כ־ר־ז (k-r-z). Cognate with Ge'ez ከረዘ (käräzä), Classical Syriac ܟܪܙ (kraz), Arabic كَرَزَ (karaza).


קצע

קְצַע or קָצַע • (qṣaʿ or qāṣaʿ)

קְצַע (canonical)
קָצַע (canonical)
qṣaʿ (romanization)
qāṣaʿ (romanization)

Compare Arabic قَصَّ (qaṣṣa, “to cut”), Hebrew קָצַע (“to cut”), Ge'ez ቀጽዐ (ḳäṣʿä, “to humiliate, to depress, to cut out”), Akkadian 𒅗𒊍 (/gaṣāṣu, kaṣāṣu, qaṣāṣu/), Old South Arabian 𐩤𐩮𐩲 (qṣʿ, “to gnaw through”), Shehri [script needed] (qeḍaʿ, “to gnaw through”), Arabic قَصَعَ (qaṣaʕa, “to crush”), Arabic قَضَعَ (qaḍaʕa, “to subdue”), Arabic قَطَعَ (qaṭaʕa, “to cut”), Aramaic קְטַע (qṭaʿ, “to cut down”), Classical Syriac ܩܨ (qaṣṣ, “to cut”).


לוש

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לוּשׁ • (lōš)


כבד

כְּבַד • (k'vad)


חמת

חמת • (ḥamāth)


בלע

בְּלַע • (bəlaˁ)


חבק

חֲבַק • (ḥăḇaq)


חבק

חַבֵּק • (ḥabbēq)

חַבֵּק (canonical)
ḥabbēq (romanization)


חמע

Compare Hebrew חָמֵץ, Arabic حَمُضَ (ḥamuḍa, “to ferment, go sour”).


גרב

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גּרַב • (gəraḇ)


עבדו

Ezra 6:13, with translation of the King James Version:

כְּנֵמָא אָסְפַּרְנָא עֲבַדוּ


נטל

נְטַל • (nəṭal) (future יִטּוֹל (yiṭṭо̄l))

נְטַל (canonical)
nəṭal (romanization)
יִטּוֹל (future)

וֻנטַלוּ יָת עִיבוּרְהוֹן עַל חֲמָרֵיהוֹן׃

Then they loaded their donkeys with their grain


זעק

זְעַק • (zəʿaq)

זְעַק (canonical)
zəʿaq (romanization)
זְעֵיק (alternative)


צחק

צְחַק • (ṣ'ḥaq)


שוא

שְׁוָא • (šəwā)

שְׁוָא (canonical)
šəwā (romanization)
ܫܘܐ (alternative Syriac)


אשתריף

אִשְׂתָּרֵיף

אִשְׂתָּרֵיף (canonical)


אזרע

אַזְרַע • (ʾazraʿ)

אַזְרַע (canonical)
ʾazraʿ (romanization)


אזדרע

אִזְדַּרַע or אִזְדְּרַע • (izdaraʿ or izdəraʿ)

אִזְדַּרַע (canonical)
אִזְדְּרַע (canonical)
izdaraʿ (romanization)
izdəraʿ (romanization)


זעיק

זְעֵיק • (zəʿēq)

זְעֵיק (canonical)
zəʿēq (romanization)
זְעַק (alternative)


ספד

סְפַד • (səfad)


טלח

טְלַח • (ṭəlaħ)


אשתי

אִשְׁתִּי • (ʾištī)

אִשְׁתִּי (canonical)
ʾištī (romanization)
שְׁתָא (alternative)

Irregular past tense with epenthetic ʾi-. Cognate with Hebrew שָׁתָה (shatá, šāṯā).

אִשְׁתִּיו חַמְרָא וְשַׁבַּחוּ לֵאלָהֵי דַּהֲבָא וְכַסְפָּא נְחָשָׁא פַרְזְלָא אָעָא וְאַבְנָא׃

Tanach, Daniel [[s:he:T3405#ה_ד|5:4]], with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:

They drank wine, and praised the gods of gold, and of silver, of brass, of iron, of wood, and of stone.

ʾištīw ḥamrā wəšabbáḥū lēlāhē dahăḇā wəḵaspā nəḥāšā p̄arzəlā ʾāʿā wəʾaḇnā.


מני

מַנִּי • (mannī)


הוה

הֲוָה • (hăwā)

הֲוָא הוא#Aramaic


מית

מִית • (mīṯ)

From Proto-Semitic *mawut-. Cognate with Hebrew מֵת (mēṯ), Arabic مَاتَ (māta), Ge'ez ሞተ (motä) and Egyptian mwt.


שיזב

שיזב • (šyzb)


חצף

חֲצַף • (ḥăṣap̄)

חֲצַף (canonical)
ḥăṣap̄ (romanization)
ܚܨܦ (alternative)

וְאַתְקְּפַת בֵּיהּ וּנְשַׁקְתֵּיהּ וְאַחְצִפַת אַפָּהָא וַאֲמַרַת לֵיהּ:

She takes hold of him and kisses him; and boldy [bared her face] she says to him

(figuratively) to be barefaced, i.e. to be impudent, arrogant