و

From the Nabataean letter 𐢈 (l, “waw”), derived from the Phoenician letter 𐤅 (l, “waw”), from the Egyptian hieroglyph 𓌉. See also Classical Syriac ܘ (l, “waw”), Hebrew ו (l, “vav”), Ancient Greek Υ (U), Latin F, Latin U, Latin V, Latin W and Latin Y.

The twenty-seventh letter of the Arabic alphabet. It is preceded by ه (h) and followed by ي (y).


ر

From the Nabataean letter 𐢛 (l, “resh”), derived from the Phoenician letter 𐤓 (l, “resh”), from the Egyptian hieroglyph 𓁶. See also Classical Syriac ܪ (l, “resh”), Hebrew ר (l, “resh”), Ancient Greek Ρ (R), Latin R.

رَاء راء#Arabic

The tenth letter of the Arabic alphabet. Its name is رَاء (rāʔ) and is preceded by ذ (ḏ) and followed by ز (z).


ب

From the Nabataean Aramaic letter 𐢃 (l, “bet”), derived from the Phoenician letter 𐤁 (l, “bet”), from the Egyptian hieroglyph 𓉐. See also Classical Syriac ܒ (l, “bet”), Hebrew ב (l, “beth”), Ancient Greek β (b), Latin B.

بَاء باء#Arabic

The second letter of the Arabic alphabet, called بَاء (bāʔ) and written in the Arabic script.


ا

N'Ko: ߊ

From the Nabataean Aramaic letter 𐢁 (l, “aleph”), derived from the Phoenician letter 𐤀 (l, “ālef”), from the Egyptian hieroglyph 𓃾. See also Classical Syriac ܐ (l, “ālef”), Hebrew א (l, “alef”), Ancient Greek Α (A), Latin A.

أَلِف ألف#Arabic

Although usually considered to be the first letter of the Arabic alphabet, the small hamza (ء (ʔ)) that sits on top of أ (ʔ) is really the first letter of the Arabic alphabet, and the tall column is its bearer. This entry only deals with the lower part, the bearer, which is called أَلِف (ʔalif) and, without the hamza, is used to lengthen a preceding a.


ت

head

ت / ت / ت / ت

ت / ت / ت / ت • (tāʔ)

From the Nabataean Aramaic letter 𐢞 (l, “taw”), derived from the Phoenician letter 𐤕 (l, “taw”), from the Egyptian hieroglyph 𓏴. See also Classical Syriac ܬ (l, “taw”), Hebrew ת (l, “tav”), Ancient Greek Τ (T), Latin T.

تَاء تاء#Arabic

The third letter of the Arabic alphabet. Its name is تَاء (tāʔ) and it has the sound of English t. It is preceded by ب (b) and followed by ث (ṯ).


أ

أَلِف ألف#Arabic

The first letter of the Arabic alphabet is the small hamza (ء) that sits on top of أ, and the tall column is its bearer. The composite letter is called أَلِف (ʔalif) and the hamza represents a glottal stop (/ʔ/). (See also ا.) It is followed by ب (b).


ث

ث / ث / ث / ث

ث / ث / ث / ث • (ṯāʔ)

Derived from ت (t), and originally written as such (in rasm) by analogy with Nabatean tradition, as Nabatean cognates of Arabic words with /θ/ were indiscriminately spelled using 𐢞 (t).

ثَاء ثاء#Arabic

The fourth letter of the Arabic alphabet. Its name is ثَاء (ṯāʔ) and is preceded by ت (t) and followed by ج (j).


ج

ج / جـ / ـجـ / ـج

ج / جـ / ـجـ / ـج • (jīm)

جـ (canonical)
ـجـ (canonical)
ـج (canonical)
jīm (romanization)

From the Nabataean letter 𐢄 (l, “gimel”), derived from the Phoenician letter 𐤂 (l, “gimel”), from an uncertain Egyptian hieroglyph (𓌙?). See also Classical Syriac ܓ (l, “gimel”), Hebrew ג (l, “gimel”), Ancient Greek Γ (G), Latin C and Latin G.

جِيم جيم#Arabic

The fifth letter of the Arabic alphabet. Its name is جِيم (jīm), and is preceded by ث (ṯ) and followed by ح (ḥ).


ح

ح / ح / ح / ح

ح / ح / ح / ح • (ḥāʔ)

From the Nabataean letter 𐢊 (l, “heth”), derived from the Phoenician letter 𐤇 (l, “heth”), from the Egyptian hieroglyph 𓎛. See also Classical Syriac ܚ (l, “heth”), Hebrew ח (l, “chet”), Ancient Greek Η (Ē), Latin H.

حَاء حاء#Arabic

The sixth letter of the Arabic alphabet. Its name is حَاء (ḥāʔ), and is preceded by ج (j) and followed by خ (ḵ).


خ

خ / خ / خ / خ

خ / خ / خ / خ • (ḵāʔ)

Derived from ح (ḥ), and originally written as such (in rasm) by analogy with Nabatean tradition, as Nabatean cognates of Arabic words with /x/ were indiscriminately spelled using 𐢊 (ḥ).

خَاء خاء#Arabic

The seventh letter of the Arabic alphabet. Its name is خَاء (ḵāʔ), and is preceded by ح (ḥ) and followed by د (d).


د

From the Nabataean letter 𐢅 (l, “dalet”), derived from the Phoenician letter 𐤃 (l, “dalet”), from the Egyptian hieroglyph 𓉿. See also Classical Syriac ܕ (l, “dalet”), Hebrew ד (l, “daleth”), Ancient Greek Δ (D), Latin D.

دَال دال#Arabic

The eighth letter of the Arabic alphabet. Its name is دَال (dāl), and is preceded by خ (ḵ) and followed by ذ (ḏ).


ذ

ذ / ذ • (ḏāl)

Derived from د (d), and originally written as such (in rasm) by analogy with Nabatean tradition, as Nabatean cognates of Arabic words with /ð/ were indiscriminately spelled using 𐢅 (d).

ذَال ذال#Arabic

The ninth letter of the Arabic alphabet. Its name is ذَال (ḏāl), and is preceded by د (d) and followed by ر (r).


ز

ز / ز (canonical)
zāy (romanization)
zayn (romanization)

From the Nabataean letter 𐢉 (l, “zayin”), derived from the Phoenician letter 𐤆 (l, “zayin”), from an uncertain Egyptian hieroglyph (𓈔?,𓏭?). See also Classical Syriac ܙ (l, “zayin”), Hebrew ז (l, “zayin”), Ancient Greek ζ (z), Latin Z.

The eleventh letter of the Arabic alphabet. It is preceded by ر (r) and followed by س (s).


س

س / س / س / س

From Nabataean 𐢝 (š), from Classical Syriac ܫ (š), from Aramaic ש (š), from Imperial Aramaic 𐡔 (š), from the Egyptian 𓌒.
This letter stood for /ʃ/ in Aramaic. 𐢖 was not adopted into the Arabic alphabet because of the following considerations:
Proto-Semitic has three fricatives that became sibilants in descendant languages: ś, š, s. In Arabic ś gave /ʃ/, but š and s merged to /s/. In Old Aramaic all three sibilants were distinguished, and s was represented by 𐢖 / ס / 𐡎 while 𐢝 / ש / 𐡔 represented both ś and š. This orthography persisted in later Aramaic even to the time of the Nabataeans, when the pronunciation of ś merged with that of s /s/.
So when a scribe wanted to write the Arabic sound /ʃ/ from ś, he did so by using 𐢝 / س purposefully in order to stick to a letter form that looks the same in the cognate Aramaic words. But when he wanted to write an Arabic sound /s/ from Proto-Semitic š, he would defy the Aramaic spelling for this Proto-Semitic phoneme were he to represent this Arabic phoneme by the sign 𐢖 / ס / 𐡎, whereas Arabic-Aramaic word pairs with the Proto-Semitic s are – somewhat by coincidence – rare and there was hence only negligible pressure to employ 𐢖 / ܣ / ס / 𐡎, in total. So the impression was that 𐢝 / ש / 𐡔 / س is the most typical sign to write /s/ while the other possible sign fell out of use.

The twelfth letter of the Arabic alphabet. It is preceded by ز (z) and followed by ش (š).


ش

ش / ش / ش / ش

ش / ش / ش / ش • (šīn)

From Proto-Semitic *šinn- (“tooth”), the source of سن (sinn). The association of "tooth" with this letter was the result of folk etymology and based on the corresponding Phoenician letter, 𐤔 (š), having a shape resembling a tooth. The letter originally depicted a composite bow, which usually has the tips curving away from the archer when unstrung.
Related to Classical Syriac ܫ, Hebrew ש, Phoenician 𐤔 (š), Russian ш (š), Aramaic ܫ. More at Shin. It is the only letter of the Arabic alphabet with three dots with a letter corresponding to a letter in the Northwest Semitic abjad or the Phoenician alphabet.

The thirteenth letter of the Arabic alphabet. It is preceded by س (s) and followed by ص (ṣ).


ص

ص / ص / ص / ص

ص / ص / ص / ص • (ṣād)

From the Nabataean letter 𐢙 (ṣ, “ṣade”), derived from the Phoenician letter 𐤑 (ṣ, “ṣade”), from an uncertain Egyptian hieroglyph (𓇑?). See also ܨ (ṣ, “ṣade”), צ (ts, “tsadi”), Cyrillic Ц.

The fourteenth letter of the Arabic alphabet. It is preceded by ش (š) and followed by ض (ḍ).

See also: م (m)

صباحا صباحا#Arabic

a.m., before noon (abbreviation of صباحا)


ض

ض / ض / ض / ض

ض / ض / ض / ض • (ḍād)

Derived from ص (ṣ), and originally written as such (in rasm) by analogy with Nabatean tradition, as Nabatean cognates of Arabic words with /dˤ/ were indiscriminately spelled using 𐢙 (ṣ).

The fifteenth letter of the Arabic alphabet. It is preceded by ص (ṣ) and followed by ط (ṭ).


ط

ط / طـ / ـطـ / ـط

ط / طـ / ـطـ / ـط • (ṭāʔ)

طـ (canonical)
ـطـ (canonical)
ـط (canonical)
ṭāʔ (romanization)

From Nabataean Aramaic 𐢋, from Classical Syriac ܛ, from Aramaic ט, from Imperial Aramaic 𐡈 (ṭ), from Egyptian 𓄤.

The sixteenth letter of the Arabic alphabet. It is preceded by ض (ḍ) and followed by ظ (ẓ).


ظ

ظ / ظ / ظ / ظ

ظ / ظ / ظ / ظ • (ẓāʔ)

Derived from ط (ṭ), and originally written as such (in rasm) by analogy with Nabatean tradition, as Nabatean cognates of Arabic words with /ðˤ/ were indiscriminately spelled using 𐢋 (ṭ).

The seventeenth letter of the Arabic alphabet. It is preceded by ط (ṭ) and followed by ع (ʕ).


ع

ع / ع / ع / ع

From the Nabataean letter 𐢗 (ʿ, “ʿayn”), derived from the Phoenician letter 𐤏 (ʿ, “ʿayn”), from the Egyptian hieroglyph 𓁹. See also Classical Syriac ܥ (ʿ, “ʿe”), Hebrew ע (ʿ, “ʿayin”), Ancient Greek Ο (O), Latin O.

The eighteenth letter of the Arabic alphabet. It is preceded by ظ (ẓ) and followed by غ (ḡ).


غ

غ / غ / غ / غ

Derived from ع (ʕ), and originally written as such (in rasm) by analogy with Nabatean tradition, as Nabatean cognates of Arabic words with /ɣ/ were indiscriminately spelled using 𐢗 (ʿ).

The nineteenth letter of the Arabic alphabet. It is preceded by ع (ʕ) and followed by ف (f).


ڢ

(archaic, Maghreb, Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, Mauritania) The twentieth letter of the Arabic alphabet. It is preceded by غ (ḡ) and followed by ڧ (q).


ڧ

يُنْڢِڧُوںَ

(archaic, Maghreb, Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, Mauritania) The twenty-first letter of the Arabic alphabet. It is preceded by ڢ (f) and followed by ك (k).


ف

ف / ف / ف / ف

ف / ف / ف / ف • (fāʔ)

fāʔ (romanization)
ڢ (alternative)
ࢻ (alternative)

From the Nabataean letter 𐢘 (p, “pē”), derived from the Phoenician letter 𐤐 (p, “pē”), from the Egyptian hieroglyph 𓂋. See also Classical Syriac ܦ (p, “pē”), Hebrew פ (p, “pe”), Ancient Greek Π (P), Latin P.

The twentieth letter of the Arabic alphabet. It is preceded by غ (ḡ) and followed by ق (q).


ق

ق / ق / ق / ق

qāf (romanization)
ڧ (alternative)
ࢼ (alternative)

From the Nabataean letter 𐢏 (q, “qoph”), derived from the Phoenician letter 𐤒 (q, “qop”), from an uncertain Egyptian hieroglyph (𓃻?). See also Classical Syriac ܩ (q, “qūp”), Hebrew ק (q, “qūph”), Ancient Greek Φ (Ph), Latin Q.

The twenty-first letter of the Arabic alphabet. It is preceded by ف (f) and followed by ك (k).


ك

ك / كـ / ـكـ / ـك

ك / كـ / ـكـ / ـك • (kāf)

كـ (canonical)
ـكـ (canonical)
ـك (canonical)
kāf (romanization)

From the Nabataean letter 𐢏 (k, “kaph”), derived from the Phoenician letter 𐤊 (k, “kāp”), from the Egyptian hieroglyph 𓂧. See also Classical Syriac ܟ (k, “kāp”), Hebrew כ (k, “kap”), Ancient Greek Κ (K), Latin K.

The twenty-second letter of the Arabic alphabet. It is preceded by ق (q) and followed by ل (l).


ک

The alternative version of the twenty-second letter of the Arabic alphabet used in rasm writing of Arabic only, but still used in the very early Quranic manuscripts of Arabic.


گ

an additional Arabic letter that is sometimes used to write foreign names and loanwords with the phoneme IPA⁽ᵏᵉʸ⁾: /ɡ/.


ل

ل / ل / ل / ل

From the Nabataean Aramaic letter 𐢑 (l, “lamadh”), derived from the Phoenician letter 𐤋 (l, “lāmed”), from the Egyptian hieroglyph 𓌅. See also Classical Syriac ܠ (l, “lāmadh”), Hebrew ל (l, “lamed”), Ancient Greek Λ (L), Latin L.

The twenty-third letter of the Arabic alphabet. It is preceded by ك (k) and followed by م (m).


م

م / مـ / ـمـ / ـم

م / مـ / ـمـ / ـم • (mīm)

مـ (canonical)
ـمـ (canonical)
ـم (canonical)
mīm (romanization)

From the Nabataean letter 𐢓 (m, “mim”), derived from the Phoenician letter 𐤌 (m, “mem”), from the Egyptian hieroglyph 𓈖. See also Classical Syriac ܡ (m, “mīm”), Hebrew מ (m, “mem”), Ancient Greek Μ (M), Latin M.

the twenty-fourth letter of the Arabic alphabet. It is preceded by ل (l) and followed by ن (n)

See also: ص (ṣ)

مساء مساء#Arabic

p.m., after noon (abbreviation from مساء)


ن

ن / ن / ن / ن

From the Nabataean letter 𐢕 (l, “nun”), derived from the Phoenician letter 𐤍 (l, “nun”), from the Egyptian hieroglyph 𓆓. See also Classical Syriac ܢ (l, “nun”), Hebrew נ (l, “nun”), Ancient Greek Ν (N), Latin N.

The twenty-fifth letter of the Arabic alphabet. It is preceded by م (m) and followed by ه (h).


ه

ه / هـ / ـهـ / ـه

ه / هـ / ـهـ / ـه • (hāʔ)

هـ (canonical)
ـهـ (canonical)
ـه (canonical)
hāʔ (romanization)

From the Nabataean letter 𐢇 (l, “he”), derived from the Phoenician letter 𐤄 (l, “he”), from the Egyptian hieroglyph 𓀠. See also Classical Syriac ܗ (l, “he”), Hebrew ה (l, “he”), Ancient Greek Ε (E), Latin E.

The twenty-sixth letter of the Arabic alphabet. It is preceded by ن (n) and followed by و (w).


ي

ي / يـ / ـيـ / ـي

ي / يـ / ـيـ / ـي • (yāʔ)

يـ (canonical)
ـيـ (canonical)
ـي (canonical)
yāʔ (romanization)

Persian: ی

From the Nabataean letter 𐢍 (l, “yodh”), derived from the Phoenician letter 𐤉 (l, “yodh”), from the Egyptian hieroglyph 𓂝. See also Classical Syriac ܝ (l, “yodh”), Hebrew י (l, “yodh”), Ancient Greek Ι (I), Latin I and Latin J.

The twenty-eighth and final letter of the Arabic alphabet. It is preceded by و (w).


ی

(Egypt, Sudan) The yāʾ ي (y) in the final position, as spelled by the Egyptians and the Sudanese. This was the original form of the letter in final position for both of -ī and -ā, before the creation of ي (y) in the late nineteenth century in the Levant. The continued use of this form long after the creation of ي (y) may be due to Ottoman influence in Egypt where the newer Arabic form was rare and this form was the prevalent. Compare that in Egypt, the Arabic alphabet letters are (still) named based on the Ottoman convention, a practice now almost exclusive to Egypt and Sudan. Electronically, the similar shaped ى is used.


ء

ء (canonical)
هَمْزَة (canonical)
ʔ (romanization)
hamza (romanization)

Most Arabic dialects early on lost the Proto-Semitic glottal stop, which caused compensatory lengthening of a preceding short vowel. At the beginning of the Islamic period only some of the most conservative lects preserved the consonant. Therefore it was not reflected in the spelling: One generally wrote and pronounced ذِيب (ḏīb, “wolf”), for example. The grammarians, however, favoured the conservative pronunciation and indicated the glottal stop with various diacritic marks, which ultimately led to the contemporary ذِئْب (ḏiʔb).

Hamza (ء) is a sign in the Arabic script that represents the glottal stop /ʔ/. It can be considered a diacritic or a letter, but it is not counted among the 28 letters of the alphabet. The exact spelling of the glottal stop depends on the combination of vowels that follow and precede it. It may be written with آ /ʔaː/, أ /ʔa/, /aʔ/, /ʔu/, إ /ʔi/, ئ /ʔi/, /iʔ/, ؤ /ʔu/, /uʔ/, or, usually after a long vowel, ء.


آ

Alif maddah. A double-alif used to write the sequence /ʔaː/.


ى

-ā (romanization)
ي (alternative)
ی (alternative)

قَالَ إِنِّی عَبۡدُ ٱللَّهِ ءَاتَىٰنِیَ ٱلۡكِتَـٰبَ وَجَعَلَنِی نَبِیࣰّا

Jesus declared, “I am truly a servant of Allah. He has destined me to be given the Scripture and to be a prophet.

أَلِف مَقْصُورَة
ألف مقصورة#Arabic

أَلِف لَيِّنَة
ألف لينة#Arabic

Only written in the final position, transliterated ā. Called أَلِف مَقْصُورَة (ʔalif maqṣūra, “limited, restricted alif”) or أَلِف لَيِّنَة (ʔalif layyina, “flexible alif”). In the rare case of a rasm version of Quran, it is the yāʾ version.


ة

ة (tāʔ marbūṭa) is a variant of the letter ت (tāʔ) used at the end of words. It is formed from the letter ه (hāʔ) with the addition of the two overdots of ت (tāʔ).


ܜ

Modified form of Classical Syriac ܛ (ṭ) under influence from Arabic ظ (ẓ).


فَتْحَة فتحة#Arabic

fatḥa (فَتْحَة), indicates a short /a/ or its cognates, indicates a long /aː/ if followed by an ا (ʔalif).


ضَمَّة ضمة#Arabic

ḍamma – ضَمَّة (ḍamma) – indicates a short /u/ or its cognates, indicates a long /uː/ if followed by a و (wāw).


كسرَة كسرة#Arabic

kasra (كسرَة), indicates a short /i/ or its cognates, indicates a long /iː/ if followed by a ي (yāʔ).


سُكُون سكون#Arabic

sukūn (سُكُون), indicates the absence of a vowel after a consonant or the presence of a diphthong.


ٱ

هُوَ ٱبْنُ ٱلمُدَرِّسِ (huwa bnu l-mudarrisi, “He is the teacher’s son.”)

وَٱسْمُ ٱلبِنْتِ أَنْهَارُ (wasmu l-binti ʔanhāru, “And the daughter’s name is Anhar.”)

ٱسْم اسم#Arabic

ٱبْن ابن#Arabic

alif carrying the waṣla sign (ٱ) indicates liaison with the preceding word and means that the hamza is suppressed. It is more commonly indicated by a regular alif without a hamza (ا). It occurs, for example, in the definite article ٱل (l-), ٱسْم (sm-), ٱبْن (bn-), imperative verbs, and the perfective aspect of verb forms VII to X, but is not pronounced following a vowel: (e.g., البيت ٱلكبير is read al-baytu l-kabīru). It occurs only at the beginning of a word that is not initial in a word group, or the beginning of a word following a prefixed preposition or conjunction.


شَدَّة شدة#Arabic

shadda (شَدَّة (šadda)), indicates a geminate (long, double) consonant.


أَلِف خَنْجَرِيَّة
ألف خنجرية#Arabic

superscript alif, dagger alif (أَلِف خَنْجَرِيَّة (ʔalif ḵanjariyya)), indicates a long /aː/ where ا (ʔalif) is normally not written.

ar:ألف خنجرية


fatḥa tanwīn (فتحَة تنوين) or fatḥatān (فتحتان), a nunation (tanwīn (تنوين)) of the vowel a (ـَ - fatḥa), indicating the accusative case in Classical Arabic, usually used in combination with ا (ʔalif) - (ـًا), unless it's ة (tāʔ marbūṭa) (ةً) or ء (hamza) (ءً). In a non-pausal formal situation it's pronounced as "-an".


ḍamma tanwīn (ضَمَّة تَنْوِين) or ḍammatān (ضَمَّتَان), a nunation (tanwīn (تَنْوِين)) of the vowel u (ـُ - ḍamma), indicating the nominative case in Classical Arabic. In a non-pausal formal situation it's pronounced as "-un". In dialects, relaxed (less formal) Arabic, or in pausa, the pronunciation is either shortened to "-u" or ignored altogether, even when written.


kasra tanwīn (كَسْرَة تَنْوِين) or kasratān (كَسْرَتَان), a nunation (tanwīn (تَنْوِين)) of the vowel i (ـِ - kasra), indicating the genitive case in Classical Arabic. In a non-pausal formal situation it's pronounced as "-in". In dialects, relaxed (less formal) Arabic or in pausa, the pronunciation is either shorted to "-i" or ignored altogether, even when written.


Over an alif (آ (ʾā) "alif maddah"), it indicates glottal stop, /ʔ/, followed by a long /aː/. The diacritic is not used separately, only over alif. Alif maddah can appear in the beginning: آسِف (ʾāsif) or in the middle of a word: قُرْآن (qurʾān).


ڤ

سِڤِن أَپ


ڨ

(Algeria, Tunisia) an additional Arabic letter


ٮ

Modern Arabic: ب (b)

Persian: ب

Sindhi: ٻ

Persian: پ

Ultimately from the Phoenician letter 𐤁 (bet).

The dotless bāʾ is a letter of the Arabic alphabet that was used in ancient Arabic. It is the common archaic form of ب (b, “bāʔ”).


ٮ

Modern Arabic: ت (t)

Persian: ت

Urdu: ٿ / Shahmukhi: ٿ

Urdu: ٹ / Shahmukhi: ٹ (ṭ)

Sindhi: ٿ, ٽ, ٺ

Modern Arabic: ث (ṯ)

Ultimately from the Phoenician letter 𐤕 (t, “taw”).

The dotless tāʾ is a letter of the Arabic alphabet that was used in ancient Arabic. It is the common archaic form of ت (tāʔ) and ث (ṯāʔ).


ڥ

(Algeria, Tunisia) A form of the letter ڤ (veh) used in the Algeria and Tunisia.


۞ وَقَالَ ٱرْكَبُوا۟ فِيهَا بِسْمِ ٱللَّهِ مَجْر۪ىٰهَا وَمُرْسَىٰهَآ ۚ إِنَّ رَبِّى لَغَفُورٌۭ رَّحِيمٌۭ ٤١

And he said, “Board it! In the Name of Allah it will sail and cast anchor. Surely my Lord is All-Forgiving, Most Merciful.”


فَٱسۡتَجَبۡنَا لَهُۥ وَنَجَّیۡنَـٰهُ مِنَ ٱلۡغَمِّۚ وَكَذَ ٰلِكَ نُـۨجِی ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِینَ

So We responded to him and saved him from the distress. And thus do We save the believers.

fa-stajabnā lahū wa-najjaynā-hu mina lḡammi wa-ka-ḏālika nunjī l-muʾminīna

Whenever you see this symbol in the Quran, it means you have to pronounce the nun /n/


أَلَیۡسَ ذَ ٰلِكَ بِقَـٰدِرٍ عَلَىٰۤ أَن یُحۡـِۧیَ ٱلۡمَوۡتَىٰ

ʾa-laysa ḏālika bi-qādirin ʿalā ʾan yuḥyiya l-mawtā

Arabic small high yāʾ. A diacritical mark used in Quranic orthography to indicate the long vowel "ī" or the consonant "y" when it is not indicated by the letter ي (yāʔ) in the rasm.


ۥ

{Surely their Lord has always been All-Seeing of them}

Arabic small wāw. A diacritical mark used in Quranic orthography to indicate the long vowel "ū" or the consonant "w" when it is not indicated by the letter و (wāw) in the rasm.


قَالُوۤا۟ ءَامَنَّا

أَيࣰّا مَّا تَدۡعُوا۟ فَلَهُ ٱلۡأَسۡمَاۤءُ ٱلۡحُسۡنَىٰ

ʔayyan mā tadʕū falahu l-ʔasmāʔu l-ḥusnā

وَفِيۤ أَنفُسِكُمۡ

In the Qur'an, it indicates extra long vowel and can appear over any long vowel.


Indicates the absence of a vowel after a consonant.


مِا۟ئَةٌ

used to indicate that a letter is silent

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وَلَاۤ أَنَا۠ عَابِدࣱ مَّا عَبَدتُّمۡ

And I will not worship what you have worshiped

indicates that the letter is pronounced only when one pauses on the word during recitation, but if one continues reading without pausing, the letter is not pronounced.

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A small pause without taking a breath whilst reading the Holy Qur'an


ࢻ

یُوسُࢻُ أَیُّهَا اَ۬لصِّدِّیࢼُ أَࢻْتِࢽَا ࢻِے سَبْعِ بَࢼَرَ ٰتࣲ سِمَاࢽࣲ یَاڪُلُهُࢽَّ سَبْعٌ عِجَاࢻࣱ

˹He said,˺ “Joseph, O man of truth! Interpret for us ˹the dream of˺ seven fat cows eaten up by seven skinny ones; and seven green ears of grain and ˹seven˺ others dry, so that I may return to the people and let them know.”

yūsufu ʾayyuhā ṣ-ṣiddīqu ʾaftinā fī sabʿi baqarātin simānin yākuluhunna sabʿun ʿijāfun

(Maghreb, Quran) alternative form of ف (f)


ar:قائمة علامات ضبط المصحف