شرك

ar-noun

شِرْك • (širk) m (plural أَشْرَاك (ʔašrāk))

شِرْك (canonical)
širk (romanization)
أَشْرَاك (plural)
شِرْك (indefinite informal singular triptote)
الشِّرْك (definite informal singular triptote)
شِرْك (construct informal singular triptote)
شِرْكٌ (indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الشِّرْكُ (definite nominative singular triptote)
شِرْكُ (construct nominative singular triptote)
شِرْكًا (accusative indefinite singular triptote)
الشِّرْكَ (accusative definite singular triptote)
شِرْكَ (accusative construct singular triptote)
شِرْكٍ (genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الشِّرْكِ (definite genitive singular triptote)
شِرْكِ (construct genitive singular triptote)
شِرْكَيْن (dual indefinite informal singular triptote)
الشِّرْكَيْن (definite dual informal singular triptote)
شِرْكَيْ (construct dual informal singular triptote)
شِرْكَانِ (dual indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الشِّرْكَانِ (definite dual nominative singular triptote)
شِرْكَا (construct dual nominative singular triptote)
شِرْكَيْنِ (accusative dual indefinite singular triptote)
الشِّرْكَيْنِ (accusative definite dual singular triptote)
شِرْكَيْ (accusative construct dual singular triptote)
شِرْكَيْنِ (dual genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الشِّرْكَيْنِ (definite dual genitive singular triptote)
شِرْكَيْ (construct dual genitive singular triptote)
أَشْرَاك (broken-form indefinite informal plural triptote)
الْأَشْرَاك (broken-form definite informal plural triptote)
أَشْرَاك (broken-form construct informal plural triptote)
أَشْرَاكٌ (broken-form indefinite nominative plural triptote)
الْأَشْرَاكُ (broken-form definite nominative plural triptote)
أَشْرَاكُ (broken-form construct nominative plural triptote)
أَشْرَاكًا (accusative broken-form indefinite plural triptote)
الْأَشْرَاكَ (accusative broken-form definite plural triptote)
أَشْرَاكَ (accusative broken-form construct plural triptote)
أَشْرَاكٍ (broken-form genitive indefinite plural triptote)
الْأَشْرَاكِ (broken-form definite genitive plural triptote)
أَشْرَاكِ (broken-form construct genitive plural triptote)

→ English: shirk

→ Persian: شرک (šerk)

→ Japanese: シルク (shiruku)

desc

→ Malay: شيريک

→ Malay: شيريک (syirik)

Indonesian: syirik, sirik

→ Urdu: شرک (širk)

Root
 ش ر ك (š r k)
 0 terms
The meaning of associating partners to a god or sharing allegiance across multiple gods is, according to Jeffery 1938, a semantic loan from Old South Arabian 𐩦𐩧𐩫 (s²rk).

semantic loan

وَإِذْ قَالَ لُقْمَانُ لِٱبْنِهِ وَهُوَ يَعِظُهُ يَا بُنَيَّ لَا تُشْرِكْ بِٱللّٰهِۖ إِنَّ ٱلشِّرْكَ لَظُلْمٌ عَظِيمٌ

When Luqman said to his son, as he advised him: "O my son! Do not ascribe any partners to God. Polytheism is indeed a great injustice."

waʔiḏ qāla luqmānu libnihi wahuwa yaʕiẓuhu yā bunayya lā tušrik bi-l-lāhi ʔinna š-širka laẓulmun ʕaẓīmun

إِن تَدْعُوهُمْ لَا يَسْمَعُوا دُعَاءَكُمْ وَلَوْ سَمِعُوا مَا ٱسْتَجَابُوا لَكُمْۖ وَيَوْمَ ٱلْقِيَامَةِ يَكْفُرُونَ بِشِرْكِكُمْۚ وَلَا يُنَبِّئُكَ مِثْلُ خَبِيرٍ

If you invoke them they will not hear your invocation, and even if they heard they cannot respond to you, and on the Day of Resurrection they will forswear your polytheism, and none can inform you like the One who is all-aware.

ʔin tadʕūhum lā yasmaʕū duʕāʔakum walaw samiʕū mā stajābū lakum wayawma l-qiyāmati yakfurūna biširkikum walā yunabbiʔuka miṯlu ḵabīrin

(uncountable, Islam) polytheism, idolatry


جاهلية

ar-noun

جَاهِلِيَّة • (jāhiliyya) f

جَاهِلِيَّة (canonical)
jāhiliyya (romanization)
جَاهِلِيَّة (ar-infl-a indefinite informal singular triptote)
الْجَاهِلِيَّة (ar-infl-a definite informal singular triptote)
جَاهِلِيَّة (ar-infl-a construct informal singular triptote)
جَاهِلِيَّةٌ (ar-infl-a indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الْجَاهِلِيَّةُ (ar-infl-a definite nominative singular triptote)
جَاهِلِيَّةُ (ar-infl-a construct nominative singular triptote)
جَاهِلِيَّةً (accusative ar-infl-a indefinite singular triptote)
الْجَاهِلِيَّةَ (accusative ar-infl-a definite singular triptote)
جَاهِلِيَّةَ (accusative ar-infl-a construct singular triptote)
جَاهِلِيَّةٍ (ar-infl-a genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ (ar-infl-a definite genitive singular triptote)
جَاهِلِيَّةِ (ar-infl-a construct genitive singular triptote)

→ Azerbaijani: cahiliyyə

→ Ottoman Turkish: جاهلیت

→ Turkish: cahiliyet, cahiliye

→ Uzbek: johiliyat, johiliya

Relative noun (nisba) composed of جَاهِل (jāhil, “ignorant”) + ـِيَّة (-iyya).

ar-etym-iyya

(rare, uncountable) the state of ignorance

(uncountable, derogatory) ignorance of religious orthodoxy and canonical beliefs and practices, the dominance of heathen and ungodly practices, heathenism; paganism; polytheism (especially when referring to the beliefs in pre-Islamic Arabia)


شريك

ar-noun

شَرِيك • (šarīk) m (plural شُرَكَاء (šurakāʔ), feminine شَرِيكَة (šarīka))

شَرِيك (canonical)
šarīk (romanization)
شُرَكَاء (plural)
شَرِيكَة (feminine)
شَرِيك (indefinite informal masculine singular triptote)
الشَّرِيك (definite informal masculine singular triptote)
شَرِيك (construct informal masculine singular triptote)
شَرِيكَة (ar-infl-a feminine indefinite informal singular triptote)
الشَّرِيكَة (ar-infl-a definite feminine informal singular triptote)
شَرِيكَة (ar-infl-a construct feminine informal singular triptote)
شَرِيكٌ (indefinite masculine nominative singular triptote)
الشَّرِيكُ (definite masculine nominative singular triptote)
شَرِيكُ (construct masculine nominative singular triptote)
شَرِيكَةٌ (ar-infl-a feminine indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الشَّرِيكَةُ (ar-infl-a definite feminine nominative singular triptote)
شَرِيكَةُ (ar-infl-a construct feminine nominative singular triptote)
شَرِيكًا (accusative indefinite masculine singular triptote)
الشَّرِيكَ (accusative definite masculine singular triptote)
شَرِيكَ (accusative construct masculine singular triptote)
شَرِيكَةً (accusative ar-infl-a feminine indefinite singular triptote)
الشَّرِيكَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a definite feminine singular triptote)
شَرِيكَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a construct feminine singular triptote)
شَرِيكٍ (genitive indefinite masculine singular triptote)
الشَّرِيكِ (definite genitive masculine singular triptote)
شَرِيكِ (construct genitive masculine singular triptote)
شَرِيكَةٍ (ar-infl-a feminine genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الشَّرِيكَةِ (ar-infl-a definite feminine genitive singular triptote)
شَرِيكَةِ (ar-infl-a construct feminine genitive singular triptote)
شَرِيكَيْن (dual indefinite informal masculine singular triptote)
الشَّرِيكَيْن (definite dual informal masculine singular triptote)
شَرِيكَيْ (construct dual informal masculine singular triptote)
شَرِيكَتَيْن (ar-infl-a dual feminine indefinite informal singular triptote)
الشَّرِيكَتَيْن (ar-infl-a definite dual feminine informal singular triptote)
شَرِيكَتَيْ (ar-infl-a construct dual feminine informal singular triptote)
شَرِيكَانِ (dual indefinite masculine nominative singular triptote)
الشَّرِيكَانِ (definite dual masculine nominative singular triptote)
شَرِيكَا (construct dual masculine nominative singular triptote)
شَرِيكَتَانِ (ar-infl-a dual feminine indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الشَّرِيكَتَانِ (ar-infl-a definite dual feminine nominative singular triptote)
شَرِيكَتَا (ar-infl-a construct dual feminine nominative singular triptote)
شَرِيكَيْنِ (accusative dual indefinite masculine singular triptote)
الشَّرِيكَيْنِ (accusative definite dual masculine singular triptote)
شَرِيكَيْ (accusative construct dual masculine singular triptote)
شَرِيكَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a dual feminine indefinite singular triptote)
الشَّرِيكَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a definite dual feminine singular triptote)
شَرِيكَتَيْ (accusative ar-infl-a construct dual feminine singular triptote)
شَرِيكَيْنِ (dual genitive indefinite masculine singular triptote)
الشَّرِيكَيْنِ (definite dual genitive masculine singular triptote)
شَرِيكَيْ (construct dual genitive masculine singular triptote)
شَرِيكَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a dual feminine genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الشَّرِيكَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a definite dual feminine genitive singular triptote)
شَرِيكَتَيْ (ar-infl-a construct dual feminine genitive singular triptote)
شُرَكَاء (broken-form diptote indefinite informal masculine plural)
الشُّرَكَاء (broken-form definite diptote informal masculine plural)
شُرَكَاء (broken-form construct diptote informal masculine plural)
شَرِيكَات (broken-form diptote feminine indefinite informal plural)
شَرِيكَات (feminine indefinite informal plural sound-form)
شَرَائِك (broken-form diptote feminine indefinite informal plural)
شَرَائِك (feminine indefinite informal plural sound-form)
الشَّرِيكَات (broken-form definite diptote feminine informal plural)
الشَّرِيكَات (definite feminine informal plural sound-form)
الشَّرَائِك (broken-form definite diptote feminine informal plural)
الشَّرَائِك (definite feminine informal plural sound-form)
شَرِيكَات (broken-form construct diptote feminine informal plural)
شَرِيكَات (construct feminine informal plural sound-form)
شَرَائِك (broken-form construct diptote feminine informal plural)
شَرَائِك (construct feminine informal plural sound-form)
شُرَكَاءُ (broken-form diptote indefinite masculine nominative plural)
الشُّرَكَاءُ (broken-form definite diptote masculine nominative plural)
شُرَكَاءُ (broken-form construct diptote masculine nominative plural)
شَرِيكَاتٌ (broken-form diptote feminine indefinite nominative plural)
شَرِيكَاتٌ (feminine indefinite nominative plural sound-form)
شَرَائِكُ (broken-form diptote feminine indefinite nominative plural)
شَرَائِكُ (feminine indefinite nominative plural sound-form)
الشَّرِيكَاتُ (broken-form definite diptote feminine nominative plural)
الشَّرِيكَاتُ (definite feminine nominative plural sound-form)
الشَّرَائِكُ (broken-form definite diptote feminine nominative plural)
الشَّرَائِكُ (definite feminine nominative plural sound-form)
شَرِيكَاتُ (broken-form construct diptote feminine nominative plural)
شَرِيكَاتُ (construct feminine nominative plural sound-form)
شَرَائِكُ (broken-form construct diptote feminine nominative plural)
شَرَائِكُ (construct feminine nominative plural sound-form)
شُرَكَاءَ (accusative broken-form diptote indefinite masculine plural)
الشُّرَكَاءَ (accusative broken-form definite diptote masculine plural)
شُرَكَاءَ (accusative broken-form construct diptote masculine plural)
شَرِيكَاتٍ (accusative broken-form diptote feminine indefinite plural)
شَرِيكَاتٍ (accusative feminine indefinite plural sound-form)
شَرَائِكَ (accusative broken-form diptote feminine indefinite plural)
شَرَائِكَ (accusative feminine indefinite plural sound-form)
الشَّرِيكَاتِ (accusative broken-form definite diptote feminine plural)
الشَّرِيكَاتِ (accusative definite feminine plural sound-form)
الشَّرَائِكَ (accusative broken-form definite diptote feminine plural)
الشَّرَائِكَ (accusative definite feminine plural sound-form)
شَرِيكَاتِ (accusative broken-form construct diptote feminine plural)
شَرِيكَاتِ (accusative construct feminine plural sound-form)
شَرَائِكَ (accusative broken-form construct diptote feminine plural)
شَرَائِكَ (accusative construct feminine plural sound-form)
شُرَكَاءَ (broken-form diptote genitive indefinite masculine plural)
الشُّرَكَاءِ (broken-form definite diptote genitive masculine plural)
شُرَكَاءِ (broken-form construct diptote genitive masculine plural)
شَرِيكَاتٍ (broken-form diptote feminine genitive indefinite plural)
شَرِيكَاتٍ (feminine genitive indefinite plural sound-form)
شَرَائِكَ (broken-form diptote feminine genitive indefinite plural)
شَرَائِكَ (feminine genitive indefinite plural sound-form)
الشَّرِيكَاتِ (broken-form definite diptote feminine genitive plural)
الشَّرِيكَاتِ (definite feminine genitive plural sound-form)
الشَّرَائِكِ (broken-form definite diptote feminine genitive plural)
الشَّرَائِكِ (definite feminine genitive plural sound-form)
شَرِيكَاتِ (broken-form construct diptote feminine genitive plural)
شَرِيكَاتِ (construct feminine genitive plural sound-form)
شَرَائِكِ (broken-form construct diptote feminine genitive plural)
شَرَائِكِ (construct feminine genitive plural sound-form)

Maltese: xrik

→ Azerbaijani: şərik

desc

→ Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: ܫܲܪܝܼܟܵܐ (šarīkā)

→ Kazakh: серік (serık)

→ Kyrgyz: шерик (şerik)

→ Middle Armenian: շէրիք (šērikʻ), շիրակ (širak)

desctree

→ Ottoman Turkish: شریك (şerik)
Turkish: şerik

→ Pashto: شریک

→ Persian: شریک

→ Tajik: шарик (šarik)

→ Uzbek: sherik

فَعِيل (faʕīl)-type stative-verb derived from the active participle from the verb شَرِكَ (šarika, “to share”), from the root ش ر ك (š-r-k); literally, "sharer".

قُلْ هَلْ مِن شُرَكَائِكُم مَّن يَهْدِي إِلَى الْحَقِّ

Say: Is there of your partner-deities one that leads to the right?

qul hal min šurakāʔikum man yahdī ʔilā l-ḥaqqi

قُلْ أَرَأَيْتُمْ شُرَكَاءَكُمُ الَّذِينَ تَدْعُونَ مِن دُونِ اللَّهِ أَرُونِي مَاذَا خَلَقُوا مِنَ الْأَرْضِ أَمْ لَهُمْ شِرْكٌ فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ أَمْ آتَيْنَاهُمْ كِتَابًا فَهُمْ عَلَىٰ بَيِّنَتٍ مِّنْهُ

Say: Have ye seen your partner-gods to whom ye pray beside Allah? Show me what they created of the earth! Or have they any share in the heavens? Or have We given them a scripture so they act on unequivocal proof therefrom?

qul ʔaraʔaytum šurakāʔakumu allaḏīna tadʕūna min dūni l-lahi ʔarūnī māḏā ḵalaqū mina l-ʔarḍi ʔam lahum širkun fī s-samāwāti ʔam ʔātaynāhum kitāban fahum ʕalā bayyinatin minhu

a fellow deity, someone presumed a god other than the monotheistic God


وثن

ar-noun

وَثَن • (waṯan) m (plural وُثُن (wuṯun) or أَوْثَان (ʔawṯān))

وَثَن (canonical)
waṯan (romanization)
وُثُن (plural)
أَوْثَان (plural)
وَثَن (indefinite informal singular triptote)
الْوَثَن (definite informal singular triptote)
وَثَن (construct informal singular triptote)
وَثَنٌ (indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الْوَثَنُ (definite nominative singular triptote)
وَثَنُ (construct nominative singular triptote)
وَثَنًا (accusative indefinite singular triptote)
الْوَثَنَ (accusative definite singular triptote)
وَثَنَ (accusative construct singular triptote)
وَثَنٍ (genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الْوَثَنِ (definite genitive singular triptote)
وَثَنِ (construct genitive singular triptote)
وَثَنَيْن (dual indefinite informal singular triptote)
الْوَثَنَيْن (definite dual informal singular triptote)
وَثَنَيْ (construct dual informal singular triptote)
وَثَنَانِ (dual indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الْوَثَنَانِ (definite dual nominative singular triptote)
وَثَنَا (construct dual nominative singular triptote)
وَثَنَيْنِ (accusative dual indefinite singular triptote)
الْوَثَنَيْنِ (accusative definite dual singular triptote)
وَثَنَيْ (accusative construct dual singular triptote)
وَثَنَيْنِ (dual genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الْوَثَنَيْنِ (definite dual genitive singular triptote)
وَثَنَيْ (construct dual genitive singular triptote)
وُثُن (broken-form indefinite informal plural triptote)
أَوْثَان (broken-form indefinite informal plural triptote)
الْوُثُن (broken-form definite informal plural triptote)
الْأَوْثَان (broken-form definite informal plural triptote)
وُثُن (broken-form construct informal plural triptote)
أَوْثَان (broken-form construct informal plural triptote)
وُثُنٌ (broken-form indefinite nominative plural triptote)
أَوْثَانٌ (broken-form indefinite nominative plural triptote)
الْوُثُنُ (broken-form definite nominative plural triptote)
الْأَوْثَانُ (broken-form definite nominative plural triptote)
وُثُنُ (broken-form construct nominative plural triptote)
أَوْثَانُ (broken-form construct nominative plural triptote)
وُثُنًا (accusative broken-form indefinite plural triptote)
أَوْثَانًا (accusative broken-form indefinite plural triptote)
الْوُثُنَ (accusative broken-form definite plural triptote)
الْأَوْثَانَ (accusative broken-form definite plural triptote)
وُثُنَ (accusative broken-form construct plural triptote)
أَوْثَانَ (accusative broken-form construct plural triptote)
وُثُنٍ (broken-form genitive indefinite plural triptote)
أَوْثَانٍ (broken-form genitive indefinite plural triptote)
الْوُثُنِ (broken-form definite genitive plural triptote)
الْأَوْثَانِ (broken-form definite genitive plural triptote)
وُثُنِ (broken-form construct genitive plural triptote)
أَوْثَانِ (broken-form construct genitive plural triptote)

Ge'ez: ወተን (wätän, “idol”)

Borrowed from Old South Arabian 𐩥𐩻𐩬 (wṯn, “boundary stone; stele”) which became used for idols set up at border zones.


عفريت

ar-noun

عِفْرِيت • (ʕifrīt) m (plural عَفَارِيت (ʕafārīt), feminine عِفْرِيتَة (ʕifrīta))

عِفْرِيت (canonical)
ʕifrīt (romanization)
عَفَارِيت (plural)
عِفْرِيتَة (feminine)
عِفْرِيت (indefinite informal masculine singular triptote)
الْعِفْرِيت (definite informal masculine singular triptote)
عِفْرِيت (construct informal masculine singular triptote)
عِفْرِيتَة (ar-infl-a feminine indefinite informal singular triptote)
الْعِفْرِيتَة (ar-infl-a definite feminine informal singular triptote)
عِفْرِيتَة (ar-infl-a construct feminine informal singular triptote)
عِفْرِيتٌ (indefinite masculine nominative singular triptote)
الْعِفْرِيتُ (definite masculine nominative singular triptote)
عِفْرِيتُ (construct masculine nominative singular triptote)
عِفْرِيتَةٌ (ar-infl-a feminine indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الْعِفْرِيتَةُ (ar-infl-a definite feminine nominative singular triptote)
عِفْرِيتَةُ (ar-infl-a construct feminine nominative singular triptote)
عِفْرِيتًا (accusative indefinite masculine singular triptote)
الْعِفْرِيتَ (accusative definite masculine singular triptote)
عِفْرِيتَ (accusative construct masculine singular triptote)
عِفْرِيتَةً (accusative ar-infl-a feminine indefinite singular triptote)
الْعِفْرِيتَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a definite feminine singular triptote)
عِفْرِيتَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a construct feminine singular triptote)
عِفْرِيتٍ (genitive indefinite masculine singular triptote)
الْعِفْرِيتِ (definite genitive masculine singular triptote)
عِفْرِيتِ (construct genitive masculine singular triptote)
عِفْرِيتَةٍ (ar-infl-a feminine genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الْعِفْرِيتَةِ (ar-infl-a definite feminine genitive singular triptote)
عِفْرِيتَةِ (ar-infl-a construct feminine genitive singular triptote)
عِفْرِيتَيْن (dual indefinite informal masculine singular triptote)
الْعِفْرِيتَيْن (definite dual informal masculine singular triptote)
عِفْرِيتَيْ (construct dual informal masculine singular triptote)
عِفْرِيتَتَيْن (ar-infl-a dual feminine indefinite informal singular triptote)
الْعِفْرِيتَتَيْن (ar-infl-a definite dual feminine informal singular triptote)
عِفْرِيتَتَيْ (ar-infl-a construct dual feminine informal singular triptote)
عِفْرِيتَانِ (dual indefinite masculine nominative singular triptote)
الْعِفْرِيتَانِ (definite dual masculine nominative singular triptote)
عِفْرِيتَا (construct dual masculine nominative singular triptote)
عِفْرِيتَتَانِ (ar-infl-a dual feminine indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الْعِفْرِيتَتَانِ (ar-infl-a definite dual feminine nominative singular triptote)
عِفْرِيتَتَا (ar-infl-a construct dual feminine nominative singular triptote)
عِفْرِيتَيْنِ (accusative dual indefinite masculine singular triptote)
الْعِفْرِيتَيْنِ (accusative definite dual masculine singular triptote)
عِفْرِيتَيْ (accusative construct dual masculine singular triptote)
عِفْرِيتَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a dual feminine indefinite singular triptote)
الْعِفْرِيتَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a definite dual feminine singular triptote)
عِفْرِيتَتَيْ (accusative ar-infl-a construct dual feminine singular triptote)
عِفْرِيتَيْنِ (dual genitive indefinite masculine singular triptote)
الْعِفْرِيتَيْنِ (definite dual genitive masculine singular triptote)
عِفْرِيتَيْ (construct dual genitive masculine singular triptote)
عِفْرِيتَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a dual feminine genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الْعِفْرِيتَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a definite dual feminine genitive singular triptote)
عِفْرِيتَتَيْ (ar-infl-a construct dual feminine genitive singular triptote)
عَفَارِيت (broken-form diptote indefinite informal masculine plural)
الْعَفَارِيت (broken-form definite diptote informal masculine plural)
عَفَارِيت (broken-form construct diptote informal masculine plural)
عِفْرِيتَات (feminine indefinite informal plural sound-form)
الْعِفْرِيتَات (definite feminine informal plural sound-form)
عِفْرِيتَات (construct feminine informal plural sound-form)
عَفَارِيتُ (broken-form diptote indefinite masculine nominative plural)
الْعَفَارِيتُ (broken-form definite diptote masculine nominative plural)
عَفَارِيتُ (broken-form construct diptote masculine nominative plural)
عِفْرِيتَاتٌ (feminine indefinite nominative plural sound-form)
الْعِفْرِيتَاتُ (definite feminine nominative plural sound-form)
عِفْرِيتَاتُ (construct feminine nominative plural sound-form)
عَفَارِيتَ (accusative broken-form diptote indefinite masculine plural)
الْعَفَارِيتَ (accusative broken-form definite diptote masculine plural)
عَفَارِيتَ (accusative broken-form construct diptote masculine plural)
عِفْرِيتَاتٍ (accusative feminine indefinite plural sound-form)
الْعِفْرِيتَاتِ (accusative definite feminine plural sound-form)
عِفْرِيتَاتِ (accusative construct feminine plural sound-form)
عَفَارِيتَ (broken-form diptote genitive indefinite masculine plural)
الْعَفَارِيتِ (broken-form definite diptote genitive masculine plural)
عَفَارِيتِ (broken-form construct diptote genitive masculine plural)
عِفْرِيتَاتٍ (feminine genitive indefinite plural sound-form)
الْعِفْرِيتَاتِ (definite feminine genitive plural sound-form)
عِفْرِيتَاتِ (construct feminine genitive plural sound-form)

Maltese: għafrit, għafrid

→ Azerbaijani: ifritə

→ Bulgarian: ифрит (ifrit)

→ Dutch: ifriet

desc

→ English: ifrit, 'ifrit, ʿifrīt, 'ifriit, ʿefrīt, ʿefrēt, 'afreet, 'afret, 'afreit, 'afrit, 'afriit, 'efreet, 'efret, efreit, 'efriit, 'efrit, 'ifreet, 'ifret, 'ifreit, afreet, afret, afreit, afrit, afriit, efreet, efret, efreit, efriet, efrit, efriit, éfrit, ifreet, ifret, ifreit, ifriet, ifrite, ifriite

→ Japanese: イフリート (ifurīto)

→⇒ Estonian: afriidid

→ Finnish: ifrit

→ French: éfrit

→ German: Ifrit

→ Greek: ιφρίτ (ifrít)

desctree

עִפְֿׄרִיתּ֔

Judeo-Arabic: עִפְֿׄרִיתּ֔ (ʿifrīt)
→ Hebrew: עִפְֿרִיתּ (ʿifrīt)

→ Hungarian: ifrít

→ Italian: ʿifrīt

→ Malagasy: ifrity

→ Malay: ifrit
Indonesian: ifrit

→ Norwegian: ifrit

→ Classical Persian: عِفْرِیت (ifrīt)
→ Hindustani:
Urdu: عِفْرِیت ('ifrīt)
Hindi: इफ़्रीत (ifrīt)
→ Ottoman Turkish: عفریت ('ifrīt)
Turkish: ifrit
→ Punjabi: عِفْرِیت (ifrīt)

→ Polish: ifrit, afryt, efryt, ifryt

→ Portuguese: ifrite

→ Russian: ифри́т (ifrít)

→ Spanish: ifrit

→ Ukrainian: іфрит (ifryt)

From a Middle Iranian past participle āfrīd (“created”), originally an elliptic expression for *dīw afrīt (“demon’s creation”), or from the root ع ف ر (ʕ-f-r) related to “ash”, compare for the derivation type عَكْرُوت (ʕakrūt, “scoundrel”).

afreet, afrit, 'afrit, efreet, ifreet, ifrit; Supernatural being from Arabian folklore.

demon, devil, fiend, evil spirit; Any infernal being regardless of its morals.

goblin, sprite, genie, gremlin, elf; Any supernatural being in general.


كرة بلورية

ar-noun

كُرَةٌ بِلَّوْرِيَّةٌ

كُرَاتٌ بِلَّوْرِيَّةٌ

كُرَاتٌ بِلَّوْرِيَّاتٌ

كُرَةٌ بِلَّوْرِيَّةٌ • (kuratun billawriyyatun) f (plural كُرَاتٌ بِلَّوْرِيَّةٌ (kurātun billawriyyatun) or كُرَاتٌ بِلَّوْرِيَّاتٌ (kurātun billawriyyātun))

كُرَةٌ بِلَّوْرِيَّةٌ (canonical)
kuratun billawriyyatun (romanization)
كُرَاتٌ بِلَّوْرِيَّةٌ (plural)
كُرَاتٌ بِلَّوْرِيَّاتٌ (plural)
كُرَة بِلَّوْرِيَّة (ar-infl-a indefinite informal singular triptote)
الْكُرَة الْبِلَّوْرِيَّة (ar-infl-a definite informal singular triptote)
كُرَة ... الْبِلَّوْرِيَّة (ar-infl-a construct informal singular triptote)
كُرَةٌ بِلَّوْرِيَّةٌ (ar-infl-a indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الْكُرَةُ الْبِلَّوْرِيَّةُ (ar-infl-a definite nominative singular triptote)
كُرَةُ ... الْبِلَّوْرِيَّةُ (ar-infl-a construct nominative singular triptote)
كُرَةً بِلَّوْرِيَّةً (accusative ar-infl-a indefinite singular triptote)
الْكُرَةَ الْبِلَّوْرِيَّةَ (accusative ar-infl-a definite singular triptote)
كُرَةَ ... الْبِلَّوْرِيَّةَ (accusative ar-infl-a construct singular triptote)
كُرَةٍ بِلَّوْرِيَّةٍ (ar-infl-a genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الْكُرَةِ الْبِلَّوْرِيَّةِ (ar-infl-a definite genitive singular triptote)
كُرَةِ ... الْبِلَّوْرِيَّةِ (ar-infl-a construct genitive singular triptote)
كُرَتَيْن بِلَّوْرِيَّتَيْن (ar-infl-a dual indefinite informal singular triptote)
الْكُرَتَيْن الْبِلَّوْرِيَّتَيْن (ar-infl-a definite dual informal singular triptote)
كُرَتَيْ ... الْبِلَّوْرِيَّتَيْن (ar-infl-a construct dual informal singular triptote)
كُرَتَانِ بِلَّوْرِيَّتَانِ (ar-infl-a dual indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الْكُرَتَانِ الْبِلَّوْرِيَّتَانِ (ar-infl-a definite dual nominative singular triptote)
كُرَتَا ... الْبِلَّوْرِيَّتَانِ (ar-infl-a construct dual nominative singular triptote)
كُرَتَيْنِ بِلَّوْرِيَّتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a dual indefinite singular triptote)
الْكُرَتَيْنِ الْبِلَّوْرِيَّتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a definite dual singular triptote)
كُرَتَيْ ... الْبِلَّوْرِيَّتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a construct dual singular triptote)
كُرَتَيْنِ بِلَّوْرِيَّتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a dual genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الْكُرَتَيْنِ الْبِلَّوْرِيَّتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a definite dual genitive singular triptote)
كُرَتَيْ ... الْبِلَّوْرِيَّتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a construct dual genitive singular triptote)
كُرَات بِلَّوْرِيَّة (feminine indefinite informal plural sound-form)
كُرَات بِلَّوْرِيَّات (feminine indefinite informal plural sound-form)
الْكُرَات الْبِلَّوْرِيَّة (definite feminine informal plural sound-form)
الْكُرَات الْبِلَّوْرِيَّات (definite feminine informal plural sound-form)
كُرَات ... الْبِلَّوْرِيَّة (construct feminine informal plural sound-form)
كُرَات ... الْبِلَّوْرِيَّات (construct feminine informal plural sound-form)
كُرَاتٌ بِلَّوْرِيَّةٌ (feminine indefinite nominative plural sound-form)
كُرَاتٌ بِلَّوْرِيَّاتٌ (feminine indefinite nominative plural sound-form)
الْكُرَاتُ الْبِلَّوْرِيَّةُ (definite feminine nominative plural sound-form)
الْكُرَاتُ الْبِلَّوْرِيَّاتُ (definite feminine nominative plural sound-form)
كُرَاتُ ... الْبِلَّوْرِيَّةُ (construct feminine nominative plural sound-form)
كُرَاتُ ... الْبِلَّوْرِيَّاتُ (construct feminine nominative plural sound-form)
كُرَاتٍ بِلَّوْرِيَّةً (accusative feminine indefinite plural sound-form)
كُرَاتٍ بِلَّوْرِيَّاتٍ (accusative feminine indefinite plural sound-form)
الْكُرَاتِ الْبِلَّوْرِيَّةَ (accusative definite feminine plural sound-form)
الْكُرَاتِ الْبِلَّوْرِيَّاتِ (accusative definite feminine plural sound-form)
كُرَاتِ ... الْبِلَّوْرِيَّةَ (accusative construct feminine plural sound-form)
كُرَاتِ ... الْبِلَّوْرِيَّاتِ (accusative construct feminine plural sound-form)
كُرَاتٍ بِلَّوْرِيَّةٍ (feminine genitive indefinite plural sound-form)
كُرَاتٍ بِلَّوْرِيَّاتٍ (feminine genitive indefinite plural sound-form)
الْكُرَاتِ الْبِلَّوْرِيَّةِ (definite feminine genitive plural sound-form)
الْكُرَاتِ الْبِلَّوْرِيَّاتِ (definite feminine genitive plural sound-form)
كُرَاتِ ... الْبِلَّوْرِيَّةِ (construct feminine genitive plural sound-form)
كُرَاتِ ... الْبِلَّوْرِيَّاتِ (construct feminine genitive plural sound-form)

ar-decl-noun

بِلَّوْرِيَّة

بِلَّوْرِيَّة

بِلَّوْرِيَّات


مشرك

ar-noun

مُشْرِك • (mušrik) m (plural مُشْرِكُون (mušrikūn))

مُشْرِك (canonical)
mušrik (romanization)
مُشْرِكُون (plural)
مُشْرِك (indefinite informal singular triptote)
الْمُشْرِك (definite informal singular triptote)
مُشْرِك (construct informal singular triptote)
مُشْرِكٌ (indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الْمُشْرِكُ (definite nominative singular triptote)
مُشْرِكُ (construct nominative singular triptote)
مُشْرِكًا (accusative indefinite singular triptote)
الْمُشْرِكَ (accusative definite singular triptote)
مُشْرِكَ (accusative construct singular triptote)
مُشْرِكٍ (genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الْمُشْرِكِ (definite genitive singular triptote)
مُشْرِكِ (construct genitive singular triptote)
مُشْرِكَيْن (dual indefinite informal singular triptote)
الْمُشْرِكَيْن (definite dual informal singular triptote)
مُشْرِكَيْ (construct dual informal singular triptote)
مُشْرِكَانِ (dual indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الْمُشْرِكَانِ (definite dual nominative singular triptote)
مُشْرِكَا (construct dual nominative singular triptote)
مُشْرِكَيْنِ (accusative dual indefinite singular triptote)
الْمُشْرِكَيْنِ (accusative definite dual singular triptote)
مُشْرِكَيْ (accusative construct dual singular triptote)
مُشْرِكَيْنِ (dual genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الْمُشْرِكَيْنِ (definite dual genitive singular triptote)
مُشْرِكَيْ (construct dual genitive singular triptote)
مُشْرِكِين (indefinite informal masculine plural sound-form)
الْمُشْرِكِين (definite informal masculine plural sound-form)
مُشْرِكِي (construct informal masculine plural sound-form)
مُشْرِكُونَ (indefinite masculine nominative plural sound-form)
الْمُشْرِكُونَ (definite masculine nominative plural sound-form)
مُشْرِكُو (construct masculine nominative plural sound-form)
مُشْرِكِينَ (accusative indefinite masculine plural sound-form)
الْمُشْرِكِينَ (accusative definite masculine plural sound-form)
مُشْرِكِي (accusative construct masculine plural sound-form)
مُشْرِكِينَ (genitive indefinite masculine plural sound-form)
الْمُشْرِكِينَ (definite genitive masculine plural sound-form)
مُشْرِكِي (construct genitive masculine plural sound-form)

→ Azerbaijani: müşrik

→ Japanese: ムシュリク (mushuriku)

→ Persian: مشرک (mošrek, “polytheist”)

Derived from the active participle from أَشْرَكَ (ʔašraka).


وثني

وَثَنِيّ (canonical)
waṯaniyy (romanization)
وَثَنِيُّونَ (plural)
وَثَنِيَّة (feminine)
وَثَنِي (indefinite informal masculine singular triptote)
الْوَثَنِي (definite informal masculine singular triptote)
وَثَنِي (construct informal masculine singular triptote)
وَثَنِيَّة (ar-infl-a feminine indefinite informal singular triptote)
الْوَثَنِيَّة (ar-infl-a definite feminine informal singular triptote)
وَثَنِيَّة (ar-infl-a construct feminine informal singular triptote)
وَثَنِيٌّ (indefinite masculine nominative singular triptote)
الْوَثَنِيُّ (definite masculine nominative singular triptote)
وَثَنِيُّ (construct masculine nominative singular triptote)
وَثَنِيَّةٌ (ar-infl-a feminine indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الْوَثَنِيَّةُ (ar-infl-a definite feminine nominative singular triptote)
وَثَنِيَّةُ (ar-infl-a construct feminine nominative singular triptote)
وَثَنِيًّا (accusative indefinite masculine singular triptote)
الْوَثَنِيَّ (accusative definite masculine singular triptote)
وَثَنِيَّ (accusative construct masculine singular triptote)
وَثَنِيَّةً (accusative ar-infl-a feminine indefinite singular triptote)
الْوَثَنِيَّةَ (accusative ar-infl-a definite feminine singular triptote)
وَثَنِيَّةَ (accusative ar-infl-a construct feminine singular triptote)
وَثَنِيٍّ (genitive indefinite masculine singular triptote)
الْوَثَنِيِّ (definite genitive masculine singular triptote)
وَثَنِيِّ (construct genitive masculine singular triptote)
وَثَنِيَّةٍ (ar-infl-a feminine genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الْوَثَنِيَّةِ (ar-infl-a definite feminine genitive singular triptote)
وَثَنِيَّةِ (ar-infl-a construct feminine genitive singular triptote)
وَثَنِيَّيْن (dual indefinite informal masculine singular triptote)
الْوَثَنِيَّيْن (definite dual informal masculine singular triptote)
وَثَنِيَّيْ (construct dual informal masculine singular triptote)
وَثَنِيَّتَيْن (ar-infl-a dual feminine indefinite informal singular triptote)
الْوَثَنِيَّتَيْن (ar-infl-a definite dual feminine informal singular triptote)
وَثَنِيَّتَيْ (ar-infl-a construct dual feminine informal singular triptote)
وَثَنِيَّانِ (dual indefinite masculine nominative singular triptote)
الْوَثَنِيَّانِ (definite dual masculine nominative singular triptote)
وَثَنِيَّا (construct dual masculine nominative singular triptote)
وَثَنِيَّتَانِ (ar-infl-a dual feminine indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الْوَثَنِيَّتَانِ (ar-infl-a definite dual feminine nominative singular triptote)
وَثَنِيَّتَا (ar-infl-a construct dual feminine nominative singular triptote)
وَثَنِيَّيْنِ (accusative dual indefinite masculine singular triptote)
الْوَثَنِيَّيْنِ (accusative definite dual masculine singular triptote)
وَثَنِيَّيْ (accusative construct dual masculine singular triptote)
وَثَنِيَّتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a dual feminine indefinite singular triptote)
الْوَثَنِيَّتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a definite dual feminine singular triptote)
وَثَنِيَّتَيْ (accusative ar-infl-a construct dual feminine singular triptote)
وَثَنِيَّيْنِ (dual genitive indefinite masculine singular triptote)
الْوَثَنِيَّيْنِ (definite dual genitive masculine singular triptote)
وَثَنِيَّيْ (construct dual genitive masculine singular triptote)
وَثَنِيَّتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a dual feminine genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الْوَثَنِيَّتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a definite dual feminine genitive singular triptote)
وَثَنِيَّتَيْ (ar-infl-a construct dual feminine genitive singular triptote)
وَثَنِيِّين (indefinite informal masculine plural sound-form)
الْوَثَنِيِّين (definite informal masculine plural sound-form)
وَثَنِيِّي (construct informal masculine plural sound-form)
وَثَنِيَّات (feminine indefinite informal plural sound-form)
الْوَثَنِيَّات (definite feminine informal plural sound-form)
وَثَنِيَّات (construct feminine informal plural sound-form)
وَثَنِيُّونَ (indefinite masculine nominative plural sound-form)
الْوَثَنِيُّونَ (definite masculine nominative plural sound-form)
وَثَنِيُّو (construct masculine nominative plural sound-form)
وَثَنِيَّاتٌ (feminine indefinite nominative plural sound-form)
الْوَثَنِيَّاتُ (definite feminine nominative plural sound-form)
وَثَنِيَّاتُ (construct feminine nominative plural sound-form)
وَثَنِيِّينَ (accusative indefinite masculine plural sound-form)
الْوَثَنِيِّينَ (accusative definite masculine plural sound-form)
وَثَنِيِّي (accusative construct masculine plural sound-form)
وَثَنِيَّاتٍ (accusative feminine indefinite plural sound-form)
الْوَثَنِيَّاتِ (accusative definite feminine plural sound-form)
وَثَنِيَّاتِ (accusative construct feminine plural sound-form)
وَثَنِيِّينَ (genitive indefinite masculine plural sound-form)
الْوَثَنِيِّينَ (definite genitive masculine plural sound-form)
وَثَنِيِّي (construct genitive masculine plural sound-form)
وَثَنِيَّاتٍ (feminine genitive indefinite plural sound-form)
الْوَثَنِيَّاتِ (definite feminine genitive plural sound-form)
وَثَنِيَّاتِ (construct feminine genitive plural sound-form)

Relative adjective (nisba) composed of وَثَن (waṯan, “idol”) + ـِيّ (-iyy).


قزح

ar-noun

قُزَح • (quzaḥ) m

قُزَح (canonical)
quzaḥ (romanization)
قُزَح (definite diptote informal singular)
قُزَحُ (definite diptote nominative singular)
قُزَحَ (accusative definite diptote singular)
قُزَحَ (definite diptote genitive singular)

From the root ق ز ح (q-z-ḥ). Compare Hebrew קֶצַח (qeṣaḥ, “black cumin (Nigella sativa))”). Jewish Palestinian Aramaic קִיצְחָא (qiṣḥā, “black cumin (Nigella sativa))”) is likely a Hebraism. But there is also Ugaritic 𐎖𐎕𐎈 (qṣḥ, “black cumin (Nigella sativa)”). Whereas the Classical Syriac lexicographers give ܟܷܣܚܳܐ (kesḥā, “small onion”).

cog

فَلَمَّا أَصْبَحَ أَتَى قُزَحَ فَوَقَفَ عَلَيْهِ وَقَالَ «هَذَا قُزَحُ وَهُوَ الْمَوْقِفُ وَجَمْعٌ كُلُّهَا مَوْقِفٌ»

7th century CE, Jamīʿ at-Tirmiḏiyy, 9:78:

When it became morning he went to quzaḥ and stood at him and said: “This is quzaḥ, and it is the place of standing, and all of jamʿ is a place for standing.”

falammā ʔaṣbaḥa ʔatā quzaḥa fawaqafa ʕalayhi waqāla “haḏā quzaḥu wahuwa l-mawqifu wajamʕun kulluhā mawqifun”

وُقُوف وقوف#Arabic

جَبَل قُزَح
جبل قزح#Arabic

جَبَل عَرَفَة
جبل عرفة#Arabic

a god or demon of the rainstorm of the pagan Arabs, translatable as “thunder god” or “rain demon”. Related to a certain ritual of “standing” (وُقُوف (wuqūf)) performed at a hill (the hill termed جَبَل قُزَح (jabal quzaḥ), now جَبَل عَرَفَة (jabal ʕarafa, “Mount Arafat”)) east of Mecca at dawn where he was apparently believed to dwell, or perhaps the hill itself was deified.


غبغب

ar-noun

غَبْغَب • (ḡabḡab) m (plural غَبَاغِب (ḡabāḡib))

غَبْغَب (canonical)
ḡabḡab (romanization)
غَبَاغِب (plural)
غَبْغَب (indefinite informal singular triptote)
الْغَبْغَب (definite informal singular triptote)
غَبْغَب (construct informal singular triptote)
غَبْغَبٌ (indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الْغَبْغَبُ (definite nominative singular triptote)
غَبْغَبُ (construct nominative singular triptote)
غَبْغَبًا (accusative indefinite singular triptote)
الْغَبْغَبَ (accusative definite singular triptote)
غَبْغَبَ (accusative construct singular triptote)
غَبْغَبٍ (genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الْغَبْغَبِ (definite genitive singular triptote)
غَبْغَبِ (construct genitive singular triptote)
غَبْغَبَيْن (dual indefinite informal singular triptote)
الْغَبْغَبَيْن (definite dual informal singular triptote)
غَبْغَبَيْ (construct dual informal singular triptote)
غَبْغَبَانِ (dual indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الْغَبْغَبَانِ (definite dual nominative singular triptote)
غَبْغَبَا (construct dual nominative singular triptote)
غَبْغَبَيْنِ (accusative dual indefinite singular triptote)
الْغَبْغَبَيْنِ (accusative definite dual singular triptote)
غَبْغَبَيْ (accusative construct dual singular triptote)
غَبْغَبَيْنِ (dual genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الْغَبْغَبَيْنِ (definite dual genitive singular triptote)
غَبْغَبَيْ (construct dual genitive singular triptote)
غَبَاغِب (broken-form diptote indefinite informal plural)
الْغَبَاغِب (broken-form definite diptote informal plural)
غَبَاغِب (broken-form construct diptote informal plural)
غَبَاغِبُ (broken-form diptote indefinite nominative plural)
الْغَبَاغِبُ (broken-form definite diptote nominative plural)
غَبَاغِبُ (broken-form construct diptote nominative plural)
غَبَاغِبَ (accusative broken-form diptote indefinite plural)
الْغَبَاغِبَ (accusative broken-form definite diptote plural)
غَبَاغِبَ (accusative broken-form construct diptote plural)
غَبَاغِبَ (broken-form diptote genitive indefinite plural)
الْغَبَاغِبِ (broken-form definite diptote genitive plural)
غَبَاغِبِ (broken-form construct diptote genitive plural)

Borrowed from Ge'ez ገብገብ (gäbgäb) or Old South Arabian.

a. 1229, Yāqūt al-Ḥamawīy, edited by Ferdinand Wüstenfeld, كتاب معجم البلدان [kitāb muʿjam al-buldān], volume 3, Leipzig: F.A. Brockhaus, published 1868, pages 772–773:

place, particularly a small mountain, where victims were sacrificed in paganism, sacrificial stone