خردل

خَرْدَل (canonical)
ḵardal (romanization)
خَرْدَلَة (feminine singulative)
خَرْدَل (collective indefinite informal triptote)
الْخَرْدَل (collective definite informal triptote)
خَرْدَل (collective construct informal triptote)
خَرْدَلٌ (collective indefinite nominative triptote)
الْخَرْدَلُ (collective definite nominative triptote)
خَرْدَلُ (collective construct nominative triptote)
خَرْدَلًا (accusative collective indefinite triptote)
الْخَرْدَلَ (accusative collective definite triptote)
خَرْدَلَ (accusative collective construct triptote)
خَرْدَلٍ (collective genitive indefinite triptote)
الْخَرْدَلِ (collective definite genitive triptote)
خَرْدَلِ (collective construct genitive triptote)
خَرْدَلَة (ar-infl-a collective indefinite informal singulative triptote)
الْخَرْدَلَة (ar-infl-a collective definite informal singulative triptote)
خَرْدَلَة (ar-infl-a collective construct informal singulative triptote)
خَرْدَلَةٌ (ar-infl-a collective indefinite nominative singulative triptote)
الْخَرْدَلَةُ (ar-infl-a collective definite nominative singulative triptote)
خَرْدَلَةُ (ar-infl-a collective construct nominative singulative triptote)
خَرْدَلَةً (accusative ar-infl-a collective indefinite singulative triptote)
الْخَرْدَلَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a collective definite singulative triptote)
خَرْدَلَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a collective construct singulative triptote)
خَرْدَلَةٍ (ar-infl-a collective genitive indefinite singulative triptote)
الْخَرْدَلَةِ (ar-infl-a collective definite genitive singulative triptote)
خَرْدَلَةِ (ar-infl-a collective construct genitive singulative triptote)
خَرْدَلَتَيْن (ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite informal singulative triptote)
الْخَرْدَلَتَيْن (ar-infl-a collective definite dual informal singulative triptote)
خَرْدَلَتَيْ (ar-infl-a collective construct dual informal singulative triptote)
خَرْدَلَتَانِ (ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite nominative singulative triptote)
الْخَرْدَلَتَانِ (ar-infl-a collective definite dual nominative singulative triptote)
خَرْدَلَتَا (ar-infl-a collective construct dual nominative singulative triptote)
خَرْدَلَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite singulative triptote)
الْخَرْدَلَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a collective definite dual singulative triptote)
خَرْدَلَتَيْ (accusative ar-infl-a collective construct dual singulative triptote)
خَرْدَلَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a collective dual genitive indefinite singulative triptote)
الْخَرْدَلَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a collective definite dual genitive singulative triptote)
خَرْدَلَتَيْ (ar-infl-a collective construct dual genitive singulative triptote)
خَرْدَلَات (feminine indefinite informal paucal sound-form)
الْخَرْدَلَات (definite feminine informal paucal sound-form)
خَرْدَلَات (construct feminine informal paucal sound-form)
خَرْدَلَاتٌ (feminine indefinite nominative paucal sound-form)
الْخَرْدَلَاتُ (definite feminine nominative paucal sound-form)
خَرْدَلَاتُ (construct feminine nominative paucal sound-form)
خَرْدَلَاتٍ (accusative feminine indefinite paucal sound-form)
الْخَرْدَلَاتِ (accusative definite feminine paucal sound-form)
خَرْدَلَاتِ (accusative construct feminine paucal sound-form)
خَرْدَلَاتٍ (feminine genitive indefinite paucal sound-form)
الْخَرْدَلَاتِ (definite feminine genitive paucal sound-form)
خَرْدَلَاتِ (construct feminine genitive paucal sound-form)

→ Middle Armenian: խարտալ (xartal)

desctree

→ Persian: خردل (xardal)
Tajik: хардал (xardal)
→ Azerbaijani: xardal
→ Hindustani:
Hindi: ख़र्दल (xardal)
Urdu: خردل (xardal)

→ Ottoman Turkish: خردل (hardal)

Turkish: hardal

→ Swahili: haradali

Uncertain, previous comparisons to an Akkadian source have been depreciated as uninformed readings; compare Hebrew חַרְדָּל (ḥardal), Jewish Palestinian Aramaic חרדלא (ḥardlā), Jewish Babylonian Aramaic חַרְדְּלָא (ḥardlā), Classical Syriac ܚܪܕܠܐ (ḥardlā), and potentially Akkadian 𒄷𒊏𒁺 (/ḫurādu/, “unidentified aromatic plant possibly in reference to mustard seeds; aromatic seed or spice mix”, literally “pebbles, little stones”); perhaps connected ultimately to Proto-Semitic *ḥaraθ- (“to sow, to plant seeds, to till, to plow, to cultivate”) or Sumerian 𒌑𒄯𒄯 (/ḫarḫar/, “unidentified plant yielding seeds used as a spice”) of uncertain provenance.

cog

ar:خردل (توضيح)


حمص

ar-verb

حَمَّصَ • (ḥammaṣa) II (non-past يُحَمِّصُ (yuḥammiṣu), verbal noun تَحْمِيص (taḥmīṣ))

حَمَّصَ (canonical)
ḥammaṣa (romanization)
يُحَمِّصُ (non-past)
تَحْمِيص (noun-from-verb)
تَحْمِيص (noun-from-verb)
مُحَمِّص (active participle)
مُحَمَّص (participle passive)
حَمَّصْتُ (active first-person indicative masculine past perfective singular)
حَمَّصْتَ (active indicative masculine past perfective second-person singular)
حَمَّصَ (active indicative masculine past perfective singular third-person)
حَمَّصْتُمَا (active dual indicative masculine past perfective second-person)
حَمَّصَا (active dual indicative masculine past perfective third-person)
حَمَّصْنَا (active first-person indicative masculine past perfective plural)
حَمَّصْتُمْ (active indicative masculine past perfective plural second-person)
حَمَّصُوا (active indicative masculine past perfective plural third-person)
حَمَّصْتُ (active feminine first-person indicative past perfective singular)
حَمَّصْتِ (active feminine indicative past perfective second-person singular)
حَمَّصَتْ (active feminine indicative past perfective singular third-person)
حَمَّصْتُمَا (active dual feminine indicative past perfective second-person)
حَمَّصَتَا (active dual feminine indicative past perfective third-person)
حَمَّصْنَا (active feminine first-person indicative past perfective plural)
حَمَّصْتُنَّ (active feminine indicative past perfective plural second-person)
حَمَّصْنَ (active feminine indicative past perfective plural third-person)
أُحَمِّصُ (active first-person imperfective indicative masculine non-past singular)
تُحَمِّصُ (active imperfective indicative masculine non-past second-person singular)
يُحَمِّصُ (active imperfective indicative masculine non-past singular third-person)
تُحَمِّصَانِ (active dual imperfective indicative masculine non-past second-person)
يُحَمِّصَانِ (active dual imperfective indicative masculine non-past third-person)
نُحَمِّصُ (active first-person imperfective indicative masculine non-past plural)
تُحَمِّصُونَ (active imperfective indicative masculine non-past plural second-person)
يُحَمِّصُونَ (active imperfective indicative masculine non-past plural third-person)
أُحَمِّصُ (active feminine first-person imperfective indicative non-past singular)
تُحَمِّصِينَ (active feminine imperfective indicative non-past second-person singular)
تُحَمِّصُ (active feminine imperfective indicative non-past singular third-person)
تُحَمِّصَانِ (active dual feminine imperfective indicative non-past second-person)
تُحَمِّصَانِ (active dual feminine imperfective indicative non-past third-person)
نُحَمِّصُ (active feminine first-person imperfective indicative non-past plural)
تُحَمِّصْنَ (active feminine imperfective indicative non-past plural second-person)
يُحَمِّصْنَ (active feminine imperfective indicative non-past plural third-person)
أُحَمِّصَ (active first-person masculine singular subjunctive)
تُحَمِّصَ (active masculine second-person singular subjunctive)
يُحَمِّصَ (active masculine singular subjunctive third-person)
تُحَمِّصَا (active dual masculine second-person subjunctive)
يُحَمِّصَا (active dual masculine subjunctive third-person)
نُحَمِّصَ (active first-person masculine plural subjunctive)
تُحَمِّصُوا (active masculine plural second-person subjunctive)
يُحَمِّصُوا (active masculine plural subjunctive third-person)
أُحَمِّصَ (active feminine first-person singular subjunctive)
تُحَمِّصِي (active feminine second-person singular subjunctive)
تُحَمِّصَ (active feminine singular subjunctive third-person)
تُحَمِّصَا (active dual feminine second-person subjunctive)
تُحَمِّصَا (active dual feminine subjunctive third-person)
نُحَمِّصَ (active feminine first-person plural subjunctive)
تُحَمِّصْنَ (active feminine plural second-person subjunctive)
يُحَمِّصْنَ (active feminine plural subjunctive third-person)
أُحَمِّصْ (active first-person jussive masculine singular)
تُحَمِّصْ (active jussive masculine second-person singular)
يُحَمِّصْ (active jussive masculine singular third-person)
تُحَمِّصَا (active dual jussive masculine second-person)
يُحَمِّصَا (active dual jussive masculine third-person)
نُحَمِّصْ (active first-person jussive masculine plural)
تُحَمِّصُوا (active jussive masculine plural second-person)
يُحَمِّصُوا (active jussive masculine plural third-person)
أُحَمِّصْ (active feminine first-person jussive singular)
تُحَمِّصِي (active feminine jussive second-person singular)
تُحَمِّصْ (active feminine jussive singular third-person)
تُحَمِّصَا (active dual feminine jussive second-person)
تُحَمِّصَا (active dual feminine jussive third-person)
نُحَمِّصْ (active feminine first-person jussive plural)
تُحَمِّصْنَ (active feminine jussive plural second-person)
يُحَمِّصْنَ (active feminine jussive plural third-person)
حَمِّصْ (active imperative masculine second-person singular)
حَمِّصَا (active dual imperative masculine second-person)
حَمِّصُوا (active imperative masculine plural second-person)
حَمِّصِي (active feminine imperative second-person singular)
حَمِّصَا (active dual feminine imperative second-person)
حَمِّصْنَ (active feminine imperative plural second-person)
حُمِّصْتُ (first-person indicative masculine passive past perfective singular)
حُمِّصْتَ (indicative masculine passive past perfective second-person singular)
حُمِّصَ (indicative masculine passive past perfective singular third-person)
حُمِّصْتُمَا (dual indicative masculine passive past perfective second-person)
حُمِّصَا (dual indicative masculine passive past perfective third-person)
حُمِّصْنَا (first-person indicative masculine passive past perfective plural)
حُمِّصْتُمْ (indicative masculine passive past perfective plural second-person)
حُمِّصُوا (indicative masculine passive past perfective plural third-person)
حُمِّصْتُ (feminine first-person indicative passive past perfective singular)
حُمِّصْتِ (feminine indicative passive past perfective second-person singular)
حُمِّصَتْ (feminine indicative passive past perfective singular third-person)
حُمِّصْتُمَا (dual feminine indicative passive past perfective second-person)
حُمِّصَتَا (dual feminine indicative passive past perfective third-person)
حُمِّصْنَا (feminine first-person indicative passive past perfective plural)
حُمِّصْتُنَّ (feminine indicative passive past perfective plural second-person)
حُمِّصْنَ (feminine indicative passive past perfective plural third-person)
أُحَمَّصُ (first-person imperfective indicative masculine non-past passive singular)
تُحَمَّصُ (imperfective indicative masculine non-past passive second-person singular)
يُحَمَّصُ (imperfective indicative masculine non-past passive singular third-person)
تُحَمَّصَانِ (dual imperfective indicative masculine non-past passive second-person)
يُحَمَّصَانِ (dual imperfective indicative masculine non-past passive third-person)
نُحَمَّصُ (first-person imperfective indicative masculine non-past passive plural)
تُحَمَّصُونَ (imperfective indicative masculine non-past passive plural second-person)
يُحَمَّصُونَ (imperfective indicative masculine non-past passive plural third-person)
أُحَمَّصُ (feminine first-person imperfective indicative non-past passive singular)
تُحَمَّصِينَ (feminine imperfective indicative non-past passive second-person singular)
تُحَمَّصُ (feminine imperfective indicative non-past passive singular third-person)
تُحَمَّصَانِ (dual feminine imperfective indicative non-past passive second-person)
تُحَمَّصَانِ (dual feminine imperfective indicative non-past passive third-person)
نُحَمَّصُ (feminine first-person imperfective indicative non-past passive plural)
تُحَمَّصْنَ (feminine imperfective indicative non-past passive plural second-person)
يُحَمَّصْنَ (feminine imperfective indicative non-past passive plural third-person)
أُحَمَّصَ (first-person masculine passive singular subjunctive)
تُحَمَّصَ (masculine passive second-person singular subjunctive)
يُحَمَّصَ (masculine passive singular subjunctive third-person)
تُحَمَّصَا (dual masculine passive second-person subjunctive)
يُحَمَّصَا (dual masculine passive subjunctive third-person)
نُحَمَّصَ (first-person masculine passive plural subjunctive)
تُحَمَّصُوا (masculine passive plural second-person subjunctive)
يُحَمَّصُوا (masculine passive plural subjunctive third-person)
أُحَمَّصَ (feminine first-person passive singular subjunctive)
تُحَمَّصِي (feminine passive second-person singular subjunctive)
تُحَمَّصَ (feminine passive singular subjunctive third-person)
تُحَمَّصَا (dual feminine passive second-person subjunctive)
تُحَمَّصَا (dual feminine passive subjunctive third-person)
نُحَمَّصَ (feminine first-person passive plural subjunctive)
تُحَمَّصْنَ (feminine passive plural second-person subjunctive)
يُحَمَّصْنَ (feminine passive plural subjunctive third-person)
أُحَمَّصْ (first-person jussive masculine passive singular)
تُحَمَّصْ (jussive masculine passive second-person singular)
يُحَمَّصْ (jussive masculine passive singular third-person)
تُحَمَّصَا (dual jussive masculine passive second-person)
يُحَمَّصَا (dual jussive masculine passive third-person)
نُحَمَّصْ (first-person jussive masculine passive plural)
تُحَمَّصُوا (jussive masculine passive plural second-person)
يُحَمَّصُوا (jussive masculine passive plural third-person)
أُحَمَّصْ (feminine first-person jussive passive singular)
تُحَمَّصِي (feminine jussive passive second-person singular)
تُحَمَّصْ (feminine jussive passive singular third-person)
تُحَمَّصَا (dual feminine jussive passive second-person)
تُحَمَّصَا (dual feminine jussive passive third-person)
نُحَمَّصْ (feminine first-person jussive passive plural)
تُحَمَّصْنَ (feminine jussive passive plural second-person)
يُحَمَّصْنَ (feminine jussive passive plural third-person)

Compare Akkadian 𒈝𒈬𒌅 (ḫummuṭu, “to apply heat, to burn, to scorch, to parch, to roast”).

cog

to roast (coffee or meat), toast (bread)


حمص

حِمِّص (canonical)
حِمَّص (canonical)
ḥimmiṣ (romanization)
ḥimmaṣ (romanization)
حِمِّصَة (feminine singulative)
حِمَّصَة (singulative)
حِمِّص (collective indefinite informal triptote)
حِمَّص (collective indefinite informal triptote)
الْحِمِّص (collective definite informal triptote)
الْحِمَّص (collective definite informal triptote)
حِمِّص (collective construct informal triptote)
حِمَّص (collective construct informal triptote)
حِمِّصٌ (collective indefinite nominative triptote)
حِمَّصٌ (collective indefinite nominative triptote)
الْحِمِّصُ (collective definite nominative triptote)
الْحِمَّصُ (collective definite nominative triptote)
حِمِّصُ (collective construct nominative triptote)
حِمَّصُ (collective construct nominative triptote)
حِمِّصًا (accusative collective indefinite triptote)
حِمَّصًا (accusative collective indefinite triptote)
الْحِمِّصَ (accusative collective definite triptote)
الْحِمَّصَ (accusative collective definite triptote)
حِمِّصَ (accusative collective construct triptote)
حِمَّصَ (accusative collective construct triptote)
حِمِّصٍ (collective genitive indefinite triptote)
حِمَّصٍ (collective genitive indefinite triptote)
الْحِمِّصِ (collective definite genitive triptote)
الْحِمَّصِ (collective definite genitive triptote)
حِمِّصِ (collective construct genitive triptote)
حِمَّصِ (collective construct genitive triptote)
حِمِّصَة (ar-infl-a collective indefinite informal singulative triptote)
حِمَّصَة (ar-infl-a collective indefinite informal singulative triptote)
الْحِمِّصَة (ar-infl-a collective definite informal singulative triptote)
الْحِمَّصَة (ar-infl-a collective definite informal singulative triptote)
حِمِّصَة (ar-infl-a collective construct informal singulative triptote)
حِمَّصَة (ar-infl-a collective construct informal singulative triptote)
حِمِّصَةٌ (ar-infl-a collective indefinite nominative singulative triptote)
حِمَّصَةٌ (ar-infl-a collective indefinite nominative singulative triptote)
الْحِمِّصَةُ (ar-infl-a collective definite nominative singulative triptote)
الْحِمَّصَةُ (ar-infl-a collective definite nominative singulative triptote)
حِمِّصَةُ (ar-infl-a collective construct nominative singulative triptote)
حِمَّصَةُ (ar-infl-a collective construct nominative singulative triptote)
حِمِّصَةً (accusative ar-infl-a collective indefinite singulative triptote)
حِمَّصَةً (accusative ar-infl-a collective indefinite singulative triptote)
الْحِمِّصَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a collective definite singulative triptote)
الْحِمَّصَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a collective definite singulative triptote)
حِمِّصَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a collective construct singulative triptote)
حِمَّصَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a collective construct singulative triptote)
حِمِّصَةٍ (ar-infl-a collective genitive indefinite singulative triptote)
حِمَّصَةٍ (ar-infl-a collective genitive indefinite singulative triptote)
الْحِمِّصَةِ (ar-infl-a collective definite genitive singulative triptote)
الْحِمَّصَةِ (ar-infl-a collective definite genitive singulative triptote)
حِمِّصَةِ (ar-infl-a collective construct genitive singulative triptote)
حِمَّصَةِ (ar-infl-a collective construct genitive singulative triptote)
حِمِّصَتَيْن (ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite informal singulative triptote)
حِمَّصَتَيْن (ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite informal singulative triptote)
الْحِمِّصَتَيْن (ar-infl-a collective definite dual informal singulative triptote)
الْحِمَّصَتَيْن (ar-infl-a collective definite dual informal singulative triptote)
حِمِّصَتَيْ (ar-infl-a collective construct dual informal singulative triptote)
حِمَّصَتَيْ (ar-infl-a collective construct dual informal singulative triptote)
حِمِّصَتَانِ (ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite nominative singulative triptote)
حِمَّصَتَانِ (ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite nominative singulative triptote)
الْحِمِّصَتَانِ (ar-infl-a collective definite dual nominative singulative triptote)
الْحِمَّصَتَانِ (ar-infl-a collective definite dual nominative singulative triptote)
حِمِّصَتَا (ar-infl-a collective construct dual nominative singulative triptote)
حِمَّصَتَا (ar-infl-a collective construct dual nominative singulative triptote)
حِمِّصَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite singulative triptote)
حِمَّصَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite singulative triptote)
الْحِمِّصَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a collective definite dual singulative triptote)
الْحِمَّصَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a collective definite dual singulative triptote)
حِمِّصَتَيْ (accusative ar-infl-a collective construct dual singulative triptote)
حِمَّصَتَيْ (accusative ar-infl-a collective construct dual singulative triptote)
حِمِّصَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a collective dual genitive indefinite singulative triptote)
حِمَّصَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a collective dual genitive indefinite singulative triptote)
الْحِمِّصَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a collective definite dual genitive singulative triptote)
الْحِمَّصَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a collective definite dual genitive singulative triptote)
حِمِّصَتَيْ (ar-infl-a collective construct dual genitive singulative triptote)
حِمَّصَتَيْ (ar-infl-a collective construct dual genitive singulative triptote)
حِمِّصَات (feminine indefinite informal paucal sound-form)
حِمَّصَات (feminine indefinite informal paucal sound-form)
الْحِمِّصَات (definite feminine informal paucal sound-form)
الْحِمَّصَات (definite feminine informal paucal sound-form)
حِمِّصَات (construct feminine informal paucal sound-form)
حِمَّصَات (construct feminine informal paucal sound-form)
حِمِّصَاتٌ (feminine indefinite nominative paucal sound-form)
حِمَّصَاتٌ (feminine indefinite nominative paucal sound-form)
الْحِمِّصَاتُ (definite feminine nominative paucal sound-form)
الْحِمَّصَاتُ (definite feminine nominative paucal sound-form)
حِمِّصَاتُ (construct feminine nominative paucal sound-form)
حِمَّصَاتُ (construct feminine nominative paucal sound-form)
حِمِّصَاتٍ (accusative feminine indefinite paucal sound-form)
حِمَّصَاتٍ (accusative feminine indefinite paucal sound-form)
الْحِمِّصَاتِ (accusative definite feminine paucal sound-form)
الْحِمَّصَاتِ (accusative definite feminine paucal sound-form)
حِمِّصَاتِ (accusative construct feminine paucal sound-form)
حِمَّصَاتِ (accusative construct feminine paucal sound-form)
حِمِّصَاتٍ (feminine genitive indefinite paucal sound-form)
حِمَّصَاتٍ (feminine genitive indefinite paucal sound-form)
الْحِمِّصَاتِ (definite feminine genitive paucal sound-form)
الْحِمَّصَاتِ (definite feminine genitive paucal sound-form)
حِمِّصَاتِ (construct feminine genitive paucal sound-form)
حِمَّصَاتِ (construct feminine genitive paucal sound-form)

The vowel variation points to it being borrowed from Aramaic חִימְצָא (ḥimməṣā) / חוּמְצָא (ḥumməṣā, “chickpea”). Cognate with Hebrew חִמְצָה (ḥimṣā́), possibly also related to Akkadian 𒋰 (TAB /ḫamāṭu/, “to apply heat, to burn, to scorch, to parch, to roast”), in the sense of being dehydrated or dried out beans.

bor

Aramaic חִימְצָא (ḥimməṣā)

cog

Hebrew חִמְצָה (ḥimṣā́)


حمص

ar-noun

حُمُّص • (ḥummuṣ) m

حُمُّص (canonical)
ḥummuṣ (romanization)
حُمُّص (indefinite informal singular triptote)
الْحُمُّص (definite informal singular triptote)
حُمُّص (construct informal singular triptote)
حُمُّصٌ (indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الْحُمُّصُ (definite nominative singular triptote)
حُمُّصُ (construct nominative singular triptote)
حُمُّصًا (accusative indefinite singular triptote)
الْحُمُّصَ (accusative definite singular triptote)
حُمُّصَ (accusative construct singular triptote)
حُمُّصٍ (genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الْحُمُّصِ (definite genitive singular triptote)
حُمُّصِ (construct genitive singular triptote)

→ English: hummus

→ Hebrew: חוּמוּס (khumus)

→ Italian: hummus

→ Ottoman Turkish: حمص (hımmıs)

→ Sicilian: ummu

→ Yiddish: כומוס (khumus)

bor

Aramaic חִימְצָא (ḥimməṣā)

cog

Hebrew חִמְצָה (ḥimṣā́)

حِمِّص حمص#Arabic

(colloquial) alternative form of حِمِّص (ḥimmiṣ)


حمص

ar-proper noun

حِمْص • (ḥimṣ) f

حِمْص (canonical)
ḥimṣ (romanization)
حِمْص (definite diptote informal singular)
حِمْصُ (definite diptote nominative singular)
حِمْصَ (accusative definite diptote singular)
حِمْصَ (definite diptote genitive singular)

→ Ancient Greek: Χέμψ (Khémps)

→ Ottoman Turkish: حمص (Hıms)

From جُنْد حِمْص, “the military district or legion of Ḥims”, from Ancient Greek Ἔμεσᾰ (Émesă), descendant of Aramaic חֲמָת (ḥamāth, “fortress”, literally “frustration, hindrance”) + צובָא (ṣōwḇā, “near, surrounding, station”).

der

1267, Abu al-Baqa al-Rundi, Elegy for al-Andalus


طحينة

ar-noun

طَحِينَة • (ṭaḥīna) f

طَحِينَة (canonical)
ṭaḥīna (romanization)
طَحِينَة (ar-infl-a indefinite informal singular triptote)
الطَّحِينَة (ar-infl-a definite informal singular triptote)
طَحِينَة (ar-infl-a construct informal singular triptote)
طَحِينَةٌ (ar-infl-a indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الطَّحِينَةُ (ar-infl-a definite nominative singular triptote)
طَحِينَةُ (ar-infl-a construct nominative singular triptote)
طَحِينَةً (accusative ar-infl-a indefinite singular triptote)
الطَّحِينَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a definite singular triptote)
طَحِينَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a construct singular triptote)
طَحِينَةٍ (ar-infl-a genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الطَّحِينَةِ (ar-infl-a definite genitive singular triptote)
طَحِينَةِ (ar-infl-a construct genitive singular triptote)

English: tahini

Japanese: タヒーナ (tahīna)

Hebrew: טחינה (t'khína)

Lishana Deni: טאחין (ṭāḥin)

From the root ط ح ن (ṭ ḥ n) related to grinding.

ar-root

ط ح ن (ṭ ḥ n)

tahini, paste made from ground sesame seeds


صير

ar-noun

صِير • (ṣīr) m

صِير (canonical)
ṣīr (romanization)
صِير (indefinite informal singular triptote)
الصِّير (definite informal singular triptote)
صِير (construct informal singular triptote)
صِيرٌ (indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الصِّيرُ (definite nominative singular triptote)
صِيرُ (construct nominative singular triptote)
صِيرًا (accusative indefinite singular triptote)
الصِّيرَ (accusative definite singular triptote)
صِيرَ (accusative construct singular triptote)
صِيرٍ (genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الصِّيرِ (definite genitive singular triptote)
صِيرِ (construct genitive singular triptote)

→ Coptic:

Sahidic Coptic: ϫⲓⲣ (čir)

Bohairic Coptic: ϫⲓⲣ (čir)

Fayyumic Coptic: ϫⲓⲗ (čil)

From Aramaic צִיר (ṣīr, “the own juice wherein fish is conserved; fish brine”). Also in Hebrew צִיר (ṣīr, “sauce, broth, gravy, brine”). In Classical Syriac instead with unemphatic anlaut: ܣܼܝܪܵܐ (sīrā) used for the sense of small dried fish in the Grecized plural ܣܼܝܪ̈ܲܣ (sīras) or ܣܼܝܪܸ̈ܣ (sīres), hence apparently identical to the “strap” word found in Arabic more usually as سَيْر (sayr) than as صَيْر (ṣayr), referring to fish so small that they would only be apprehended as a “thread”.

cog

صِحْنَاء صحناء#Arabic

(perhaps various kinds of) dried and fermented river fish, fry (main ingredient of the spice paste صِحْنَاء (ṣiḥnāʔ))


خل

ar-noun

خَلّ • (ḵall) m (plural أَخُلّ (ʔaḵull) or خِلَال (ḵilāl))

خَلّ (canonical)
ḵall (romanization)
أَخُلّ (plural)
خِلَال (plural)
خَلّ (indefinite informal singular triptote)
الْخَلّ (definite informal singular triptote)
خَلّ (construct informal singular triptote)
خَلٌّ (indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الْخَلُّ (definite nominative singular triptote)
خَلُّ (construct nominative singular triptote)
خَلًّا (accusative indefinite singular triptote)
الْخَلَّ (accusative definite singular triptote)
خَلَّ (accusative construct singular triptote)
خَلٍّ (genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الْخَلِّ (definite genitive singular triptote)
خَلِّ (construct genitive singular triptote)
خَلَّيْن (dual indefinite informal singular triptote)
الْخَلَّيْن (definite dual informal singular triptote)
خَلَّيْ (construct dual informal singular triptote)
خَلَّانِ (dual indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الْخَلَّانِ (definite dual nominative singular triptote)
خَلَّا (construct dual nominative singular triptote)
خَلَّيْنِ (accusative dual indefinite singular triptote)
الْخَلَّيْنِ (accusative definite dual singular triptote)
خَلَّيْ (accusative construct dual singular triptote)
خَلَّيْنِ (dual genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الْخَلَّيْنِ (definite dual genitive singular triptote)
خَلَّيْ (construct dual genitive singular triptote)
أَخُلّ (broken-form indefinite informal plural triptote)
خِلَال (broken-form indefinite informal plural triptote)
الْأَخُلّ (broken-form definite informal plural triptote)
الْخِلَال (broken-form definite informal plural triptote)
أَخُلّ (broken-form construct informal plural triptote)
خِلَال (broken-form construct informal plural triptote)
أَخُلٌّ (broken-form indefinite nominative plural triptote)
خِلَالٌ (broken-form indefinite nominative plural triptote)
الْأَخُلُّ (broken-form definite nominative plural triptote)
الْخِلَالُ (broken-form definite nominative plural triptote)
أَخُلُّ (broken-form construct nominative plural triptote)
خِلَالُ (broken-form construct nominative plural triptote)
أَخُلًّا (accusative broken-form indefinite plural triptote)
خِلَالًا (accusative broken-form indefinite plural triptote)
الْأَخُلَّ (accusative broken-form definite plural triptote)
الْخِلَالَ (accusative broken-form definite plural triptote)
أَخُلَّ (accusative broken-form construct plural triptote)
خِلَالَ (accusative broken-form construct plural triptote)
أَخُلٍّ (broken-form genitive indefinite plural triptote)
خِلَالٍ (broken-form genitive indefinite plural triptote)
الْأَخُلِّ (broken-form definite genitive plural triptote)
الْخِلَالِ (broken-form definite genitive plural triptote)
أَخُلِّ (broken-form construct genitive plural triptote)
خِلَالِ (broken-form construct genitive plural triptote)


آتشيوت

آتْشِيُوت • (ʔātšiyūt) m

آتْشِيُوت (canonical)
ʔātšiyūt (romanization)
آتْشِيُوت (indefinite informal singular triptote)
الْآتْشِيُوت (definite informal singular triptote)
آتْشِيُوت (construct informal singular triptote)
آتْشِيُوتٌ (indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الْآتْشِيُوتُ (definite nominative singular triptote)
آتْشِيُوتُ (construct nominative singular triptote)
آتْشِيُوتًا (accusative indefinite singular triptote)
الْآتْشِيُوتَ (accusative definite singular triptote)
آتْشِيُوتَ (accusative construct singular triptote)
آتْشِيُوتٍ (genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الْآتْشِيُوتِ (definite genitive singular triptote)
آتْشِيُوتِ (construct genitive singular triptote)

Via Spanish achiote from Classical Nahuatl āchiyōtl.

ويضيف قائلاً: "لقد كانت مهمتنا في هذا المشروع هي إتاحة الفرص، وتحديد المعوقات وإزالتها بشكلٍ حاسم. فبالنسبة لأشجار آتشيوت على سبيل المثال، واجهنا مشكلةً خانقةً في استخراج البذور من القشور يدوياً. لكننا تمكنا من التغلب على ذلك من خلال إدخال مطاحن بسيطة."

2004 January 23, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, “بدائل قانونية لمزارعي الكوكة البوليفيين”, in FAO Newsroom, archived from the original on 2020-11-19:

"Our job in the project has been to open up the opportunities, and, crucially, to identify and remove constraints," he adds. "For example, in the case of Achiote, we found a bottleneck in getting the seeds out of the husks by hand. By introducing simple mills, we were able to overcome that."


صناب

صِنَاب • (ṣināb) m (plural صُنُب (ṣunub) or أَصْنِبَة (ʔaṣniba))

صِنَاب (canonical)
ṣināb (romanization)
صُنُب (plural)
أَصْنِبَة (plural)
صِنَاب (indefinite informal singular triptote)
الصِّنَاب (definite informal singular triptote)
صِنَاب (construct informal singular triptote)
صِنَابٌ (indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الصِّنَابُ (definite nominative singular triptote)
صِنَابُ (construct nominative singular triptote)
صِنَابًا (accusative indefinite singular triptote)
الصِّنَابَ (accusative definite singular triptote)
صِنَابَ (accusative construct singular triptote)
صِنَابٍ (genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الصِّنَابِ (definite genitive singular triptote)
صِنَابِ (construct genitive singular triptote)
صِنَابَيْن (dual indefinite informal singular triptote)
الصِّنَابَيْن (definite dual informal singular triptote)
صِنَابَيْ (construct dual informal singular triptote)
صِنَابَانِ (dual indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الصِّنَابَانِ (definite dual nominative singular triptote)
صِنَابَا (construct dual nominative singular triptote)
صِنَابَيْنِ (accusative dual indefinite singular triptote)
الصِّنَابَيْنِ (accusative definite dual singular triptote)
صِنَابَيْ (accusative construct dual singular triptote)
صِنَابَيْنِ (dual genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الصِّنَابَيْنِ (definite dual genitive singular triptote)
صِنَابَيْ (construct dual genitive singular triptote)
صُنُب (ar-infl-a broken-form indefinite informal plural triptote)
أَصْنِبَة (ar-infl-a broken-form indefinite informal plural triptote)
الصُّنُب (ar-infl-a broken-form definite informal plural triptote)
الْأَصْنِبَة (ar-infl-a broken-form definite informal plural triptote)
صُنُب (ar-infl-a broken-form construct informal plural triptote)
أَصْنِبَة (ar-infl-a broken-form construct informal plural triptote)
صُنُبٌ (ar-infl-a broken-form indefinite nominative plural triptote)
أَصْنِبَةٌ (ar-infl-a broken-form indefinite nominative plural triptote)
الصُّنُبُ (ar-infl-a broken-form definite nominative plural triptote)
الْأَصْنِبَةُ (ar-infl-a broken-form definite nominative plural triptote)
صُنُبُ (ar-infl-a broken-form construct nominative plural triptote)
أَصْنِبَةُ (ar-infl-a broken-form construct nominative plural triptote)
صُنُبًا (accusative ar-infl-a broken-form indefinite plural triptote)
أَصْنِبَةً (accusative ar-infl-a broken-form indefinite plural triptote)
الصُّنُبَ (accusative ar-infl-a broken-form definite plural triptote)
الْأَصْنِبَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a broken-form definite plural triptote)
صُنُبَ (accusative ar-infl-a broken-form construct plural triptote)
أَصْنِبَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a broken-form construct plural triptote)
صُنُبٍ (ar-infl-a broken-form genitive indefinite plural triptote)
أَصْنِبَةٍ (ar-infl-a broken-form genitive indefinite plural triptote)
الصُّنُبِ (ar-infl-a broken-form definite genitive plural triptote)
الْأَصْنِبَةِ (ar-infl-a broken-form definite genitive plural triptote)
صُنُبِ (ar-infl-a broken-form construct genitive plural triptote)
أَصْنِبَةِ (ar-infl-a broken-form construct genitive plural triptote)

→ Aragonese: senabe

→ Catalan: senabre

desc

→ Spanish: jenabe, ajenabe, ajenabo, jenabo, jenable

Uncertain, potentially from Akkadian 𒌑 𒀀𒀀𒌒 𒊓𒈾𒁍 (/ār sanapu/, “mustard”) (maybe then doublet of سِنْف (sinf, “pod, husk”)) or directly from Demotic snwpt, or from Ancient Greek σίνᾱπι (sínāpi), or even Latin sināpi.

der

وَأَمَّا المُصَنَّبُ فَيُؤْخَذُ الصِنَابُ الْحَدِيثُ وَيُجْتَنَبُ الْقَدِيمُ وَيُغْسَلُ حَبُّهُ بِالْمَاءِ الْعَذْبِ وَيُجَفَّفُ ثُمَّ يُدْرَسُ وَيُغَرْبَلُ ثُمَّ يُعْمَدُ إِلَى الْمُصْطَارِ الْحُلْوِ الْغَايَةِ فِي الْحَلَاوَةِ فَيُمْلِئ مِنْهُ خَابِيَةً وَيُقَسَّمُ ذٰلِكَ الصِنَابُ أَقْسَامًا ثَلَاثَةً وَيُجْعَلُ كُلُّ ثُلْثٍ فِي خَرِيطَةٍ وَيُرْبَطُ فِي قَصَبَةٍ مِثْلَ مَا تَقَدَّمَ وَيُذْرَى مِن ذٰلِكَ الصِنَابِ عَلَى وَجْهِ الْمُصْطَارِ فِي أَعْلَا الْخَابِيَةِ حَتَّى يُسْتَرَ وَيَنْعَقِدَ.

c. 1200, يحيى بن محمد بن أحمد بن العوام [yaḥyā ibn muḥammad ibn ʔaḥmad ibn al-ʕawwām], edited by José Antonio Banqueri, كتاب الفلاحة [Book on Agriculture], volume 2, Madrid: Imprenta Real, published 1802ᴵᴬ, Cap. 30, Art. 7, page 416:

In what concerns the mustard preparation, one takes new mustard, avoiding the old, and cleans its grains with sweet water and dries them, then one threshes and sieves it, thereafter puts it to must of utmost sweetness, and it fills from it a vessel, and this mustard is dealt into three portions, of which all thirds are transferred into a pouch tied up with a cane in the way said earlier, and from this mustard one sews onto the must’s surface in the upper part of the vessel until it is covered and thickens.

قال يؤخد قدر رطل من صناب طيب لعشرين ربعا من عصير العنب الحلو ويسحق الصناب وينخل ويعجن بالعسل الطيب بقدرما يمتزج به […]

c. 1200, يحيى بن محمد بن أحمد بن العوام [yaḥyā ibn muḥammad ibn ʔaḥmad ibn al-ʕawwām], edited by José Antonio Banqueri, كتاب الفلاحة [Book on Agriculture], volume 2, Madrid: Imprenta Real, published 1802ᴵᴬ, Cap. 30, Art. 7, page 418:

One takes a rottol of good mustard for twenty fourths of grape must and crushes the mustard and sieves and kneads it with good honey in such a quantity that they conjoin […]

صِنَابِيّ

of a colour between yellowness and redness; bay


صحناة

ar-noun

صَحْنَاة or صِحْنَاة • (ṣaḥnāh or ṣiḥnāh) f (plural صِحْنَى (ṣiḥnā))

صَحْنَاة (canonical)
صِحْنَاة (canonical)
ṣaḥnāh (romanization)
ṣiḥnāh (romanization)
صِحْنَى (plural)
صَحْنَاة (ar-infl-ah indefinite informal singular triptote)
الصَّحْنَاة (ar-infl-ah definite informal singular triptote)
صَحْنَاة (ar-infl-ah construct informal singular triptote)
صَحْنَاةٌ (ar-infl-ah indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الصَّحْنَاةُ (ar-infl-ah definite nominative singular triptote)
صَحْنَاةُ (ar-infl-ah construct nominative singular triptote)
صَحْنَاةً (accusative ar-infl-ah indefinite singular triptote)
الصَّحْنَاةَ (accusative ar-infl-ah definite singular triptote)
صَحْنَاةَ (accusative ar-infl-ah construct singular triptote)
صَحْنَاةٍ (ar-infl-ah genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الصَّحْنَاةِ (ar-infl-ah definite genitive singular triptote)
صَحْنَاةِ (ar-infl-ah construct genitive singular triptote)
صَحْنَاتَيْن (ar-infl-ah dual indefinite informal singular triptote)
الصَّحْنَاتَيْن (ar-infl-ah definite dual informal singular triptote)
صَحْنَاتَيْ (ar-infl-ah construct dual informal singular triptote)
صَحْنَاتَانِ (ar-infl-ah dual indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الصَّحْنَاتَانِ (ar-infl-ah definite dual nominative singular triptote)
صَحْنَاتَا (ar-infl-ah construct dual nominative singular triptote)
صَحْنَاتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-ah dual indefinite singular triptote)
الصَّحْنَاتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-ah definite dual singular triptote)
صَحْنَاتَيْ (accusative ar-infl-ah construct dual singular triptote)
صَحْنَاتَيْنِ (ar-infl-ah dual genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الصَّحْنَاتَيْنِ (ar-infl-ah definite dual genitive singular triptote)
صَحْنَاتَيْ (ar-infl-ah construct dual genitive singular triptote)
صِحْنَى (broken-form indefinite informal invariable plural)
الصِّحْنَى (broken-form definite informal invariable plural)
صِحْنَى (broken-form construct informal invariable plural)
صِحْنَى (broken-form indefinite invariable nominative plural)
الصِّحْنَى (broken-form definite invariable nominative plural)
صِحْنَى (broken-form construct invariable nominative plural)
صِحْنَى (accusative broken-form indefinite invariable plural)
الصِّحْنَى (accusative broken-form definite invariable plural)
صِحْنَى (accusative broken-form construct invariable plural)
صِحْنَى (broken-form genitive indefinite invariable plural)
الصِّحْنَى (broken-form definite genitive invariable plural)
صِحْنَى (broken-form construct genitive invariable plural)
صَحْنَاء (alternative)
صِحْنَاء (alternative)
صِحْنَاءَة (alternative)

Borrowed from Aramaic, attested as Jewish Palestinian Aramaic צחנא, צחנה, Jewish Babylonian Aramaic צְחַנְתָּא (ṣəḥnətā), Classical Syriac ܨܚܢܝܬܐ (ṣaḥnāytā).

cog

(metonymic) any fermented river fish usable for such purpose, (Modern Standard Arabic especially) sardine