سماق

ar-noun

سُمَّاق • (summāq) m

سُمَّاق (canonical)
summāq (romanization)
سُمَّاق (indefinite informal singular triptote)
السُّمَّاق (definite informal singular triptote)
سُمَّاق (construct informal singular triptote)
سُمَّاقٌ (indefinite nominative singular triptote)
السُّمَّاقُ (definite nominative singular triptote)
سُمَّاقُ (construct nominative singular triptote)
سُمَّاقًا (accusative indefinite singular triptote)
السُّمَّاقَ (accusative definite singular triptote)
سُمَّاقَ (accusative construct singular triptote)
سُمَّاقٍ (genitive indefinite singular triptote)
السُّمَّاقِ (definite genitive singular triptote)
سُمَّاقِ (construct genitive singular triptote)

Andalusian Arabic: سماق

→ Catalan: sumac

→ Galician: sumagre

→ Portuguese: sumagre

→ Spanish: zumaque

→ Basque: zumake

→ Italian: sommacco

→ Medieval Latin: sumach

→ Irish: sumach

Old French: sumac

Anglo-Norman: sumak

→ Middle English: sumac

English: sumac

French: sumac

→ Dutch: sumak

→ Ottoman Turkish: صوماق (sumak, somak)

Turkish: sumak, somak

→ Persian: سماق (somâq)

→ Azerbaijani: sumaq

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: सुम्माक़ (summāq)

Urdu: سماق (summāq)

From Classical Syriac ܣܘܡܩܐ (summāqā, “red; sumac”).


عصب

ar-noun

عَصَب • (ʕaṣab) m (plural أَعْصَاب (ʔaʕṣāb))

عَصَب (canonical)
ʕaṣab (romanization)
أَعْصَاب (plural)
عَصَب (indefinite informal singular triptote)
الْعَصَب (definite informal singular triptote)
عَصَب (construct informal singular triptote)
عَصَبٌ (indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الْعَصَبُ (definite nominative singular triptote)
عَصَبُ (construct nominative singular triptote)
عَصَبًا (accusative indefinite singular triptote)
الْعَصَبَ (accusative definite singular triptote)
عَصَبَ (accusative construct singular triptote)
عَصَبٍ (genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الْعَصَبِ (definite genitive singular triptote)
عَصَبِ (construct genitive singular triptote)
عَصَبَيْن (dual indefinite informal singular triptote)
الْعَصَبَيْن (definite dual informal singular triptote)
عَصَبَيْ (construct dual informal singular triptote)
عَصَبَانِ (dual indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الْعَصَبَانِ (definite dual nominative singular triptote)
عَصَبَا (construct dual nominative singular triptote)
عَصَبَيْنِ (accusative dual indefinite singular triptote)
الْعَصَبَيْنِ (accusative definite dual singular triptote)
عَصَبَيْ (accusative construct dual singular triptote)
عَصَبَيْنِ (dual genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الْعَصَبَيْنِ (definite dual genitive singular triptote)
عَصَبَيْ (construct dual genitive singular triptote)
أَعْصَاب (broken-form indefinite informal plural triptote)
الْأَعْصَاب (broken-form definite informal plural triptote)
أَعْصَاب (broken-form construct informal plural triptote)
أَعْصَابٌ (broken-form indefinite nominative plural triptote)
الْأَعْصَابُ (broken-form definite nominative plural triptote)
أَعْصَابُ (broken-form construct nominative plural triptote)
أَعْصَابًا (accusative broken-form indefinite plural triptote)
الْأَعْصَابَ (accusative broken-form definite plural triptote)
أَعْصَابَ (accusative broken-form construct plural triptote)
أَعْصَابٍ (broken-form genitive indefinite plural triptote)
الْأَعْصَابِ (broken-form definite genitive plural triptote)
أَعْصَابِ (broken-form construct genitive plural triptote)

→ Azerbaijani: əsəb

→ Persian: عصب

→ Ottoman Turkish: عصب (asab)

→ Turkish: asap

→ Uzbek: asab


سنا

ar-verb

I.pass.vn:سَنْو,سَنَاوَة

سَنَا • (sanā) I (non-past يَسْنُو (yasnū), verbal noun سَنْو (sanw) or سَنَاوَة (sanāwa))

سَنَا (canonical)
sanā (romanization)
يَسْنُو (non-past)
سَنْو (noun-from-verb)
سَنَاوَة (noun-from-verb)
سَنْو (noun-from-verb)
سَنَاوَة (noun-from-verb)
سَانٍ (active participle)
مَسْنُوّ (participle passive)
سَنَوْتُ (active first-person indicative masculine past perfective singular)
سَنَوْتَ (active indicative masculine past perfective second-person singular)
سَنَا (active indicative masculine past perfective singular third-person)
سَنَوْتُمَا (active dual indicative masculine past perfective second-person)
سَنَوَا (active dual indicative masculine past perfective third-person)
سَنَوْنَا (active first-person indicative masculine past perfective plural)
سَنَوْتُمْ (active indicative masculine past perfective plural second-person)
سَنَوْا (active indicative masculine past perfective plural third-person)
سَنَوْتُ (active feminine first-person indicative past perfective singular)
سَنَوْتِ (active feminine indicative past perfective second-person singular)
سَنَتْ (active feminine indicative past perfective singular third-person)
سَنَوْتُمَا (active dual feminine indicative past perfective second-person)
سَنَتَا (active dual feminine indicative past perfective third-person)
سَنَوْنَا (active feminine first-person indicative past perfective plural)
سَنَوْتُنَّ (active feminine indicative past perfective plural second-person)
سَنَوْنَ (active feminine indicative past perfective plural third-person)
أَسْنُو (active first-person imperfective indicative masculine non-past singular)
تَسْنُو (active imperfective indicative masculine non-past second-person singular)
يَسْنُو (active imperfective indicative masculine non-past singular third-person)
تَسْنُوَانِ (active dual imperfective indicative masculine non-past second-person)
يَسْنُوَانِ (active dual imperfective indicative masculine non-past third-person)
نَسْنُو (active first-person imperfective indicative masculine non-past plural)
تَسْنُونَ (active imperfective indicative masculine non-past plural second-person)
يَسْنُونَ (active imperfective indicative masculine non-past plural third-person)
أَسْنُو (active feminine first-person imperfective indicative non-past singular)
تَسْنِينَ (active feminine imperfective indicative non-past second-person singular)
تَسْنُو (active feminine imperfective indicative non-past singular third-person)
تَسْنُوَانِ (active dual feminine imperfective indicative non-past second-person)
تَسْنُوَانِ (active dual feminine imperfective indicative non-past third-person)
نَسْنُو (active feminine first-person imperfective indicative non-past plural)
تَسْنُونَ (active feminine imperfective indicative non-past plural second-person)
يَسْنُونَ (active feminine imperfective indicative non-past plural third-person)
أَسْنُوَ (active first-person masculine singular subjunctive)
تَسْنُوَ (active masculine second-person singular subjunctive)
يَسْنُوَ (active masculine singular subjunctive third-person)
تَسْنُوَا (active dual masculine second-person subjunctive)
يَسْنُوَا (active dual masculine subjunctive third-person)
نَسْنُوَ (active first-person masculine plural subjunctive)
تَسْنُوا (active masculine plural second-person subjunctive)
يَسْنُوا (active masculine plural subjunctive third-person)
أَسْنُوَ (active feminine first-person singular subjunctive)
تَسْنِي (active feminine second-person singular subjunctive)
تَسْنُوَ (active feminine singular subjunctive third-person)
تَسْنُوَا (active dual feminine second-person subjunctive)
تَسْنُوَا (active dual feminine subjunctive third-person)
نَسْنُوَ (active feminine first-person plural subjunctive)
تَسْنُونَ (active feminine plural second-person subjunctive)
يَسْنُونَ (active feminine plural subjunctive third-person)
أَسْنُ (active first-person jussive masculine singular)
تَسْنُ (active jussive masculine second-person singular)
يَسْنُ (active jussive masculine singular third-person)
تَسْنُوَا (active dual jussive masculine second-person)
يَسْنُوَا (active dual jussive masculine third-person)
نَسْنُ (active first-person jussive masculine plural)
تَسْنُوا (active jussive masculine plural second-person)
يَسْنُوا (active jussive masculine plural third-person)
أَسْنُ (active feminine first-person jussive singular)
تَسْنِي (active feminine jussive second-person singular)
تَسْنُ (active feminine jussive singular third-person)
تَسْنُوَا (active dual feminine jussive second-person)
تَسْنُوَا (active dual feminine jussive third-person)
نَسْنُ (active feminine first-person jussive plural)
تَسْنُونَ (active feminine jussive plural second-person)
يَسْنُونَ (active feminine jussive plural third-person)
اُسْنُ (active imperative masculine second-person singular)
اُسْنُوَا (active dual imperative masculine second-person)
اُسْنُوا (active imperative masculine plural second-person)
اُسْنِي (active feminine imperative second-person singular)
اُسْنُوَا (active dual feminine imperative second-person)
اُسْنُونَ (active feminine imperative plural second-person)
سُنِيتُ (first-person indicative masculine passive past perfective singular)
سُنِيتَ (indicative masculine passive past perfective second-person singular)
سُنِيَ (indicative masculine passive past perfective singular third-person)
سُنِيتُمَا (dual indicative masculine passive past perfective second-person)
سُنِيَا (dual indicative masculine passive past perfective third-person)
سُنِينَا (first-person indicative masculine passive past perfective plural)
سُنِيتُمْ (indicative masculine passive past perfective plural second-person)
سُنُوا (indicative masculine passive past perfective plural third-person)
سُنِيتُ (feminine first-person indicative passive past perfective singular)
سُنِيتِ (feminine indicative passive past perfective second-person singular)
سُنِيَتْ (feminine indicative passive past perfective singular third-person)
سُنِيتُمَا (dual feminine indicative passive past perfective second-person)
سُنِيَتَا (dual feminine indicative passive past perfective third-person)
سُنِينَا (feminine first-person indicative passive past perfective plural)
سُنِيتُنَّ (feminine indicative passive past perfective plural second-person)
سُنِينَ (feminine indicative passive past perfective plural third-person)
أُسْنَى (first-person imperfective indicative masculine non-past passive singular)
تُسْنَى (imperfective indicative masculine non-past passive second-person singular)
يُسْنَى (imperfective indicative masculine non-past passive singular third-person)
تُسْنَيَانِ (dual imperfective indicative masculine non-past passive second-person)
يُسْنَيَانِ (dual imperfective indicative masculine non-past passive third-person)
نُسْنَى (first-person imperfective indicative masculine non-past passive plural)
تُسْنَوْنَ (imperfective indicative masculine non-past passive plural second-person)
يُسْنَوْنَ (imperfective indicative masculine non-past passive plural third-person)
أُسْنَى (feminine first-person imperfective indicative non-past passive singular)
تُسْنَيْنَ (feminine imperfective indicative non-past passive second-person singular)
تُسْنَى (feminine imperfective indicative non-past passive singular third-person)
تُسْنَيَانِ (dual feminine imperfective indicative non-past passive second-person)
تُسْنَيَانِ (dual feminine imperfective indicative non-past passive third-person)
نُسْنَى (feminine first-person imperfective indicative non-past passive plural)
تُسْنَيْنَ (feminine imperfective indicative non-past passive plural second-person)
يُسْنَيْنَ (feminine imperfective indicative non-past passive plural third-person)
أُسْنَى (first-person masculine passive singular subjunctive)
تُسْنَى (masculine passive second-person singular subjunctive)
يُسْنَى (masculine passive singular subjunctive third-person)
تُسْنَيَا (dual masculine passive second-person subjunctive)
يُسْنَيَا (dual masculine passive subjunctive third-person)
نُسْنَى (first-person masculine passive plural subjunctive)
تُسْنَوْا (masculine passive plural second-person subjunctive)
يُسْنَوْا (masculine passive plural subjunctive third-person)
أُسْنَى (feminine first-person passive singular subjunctive)
تُسْنَيْ (feminine passive second-person singular subjunctive)
تُسْنَى (feminine passive singular subjunctive third-person)
تُسْنَيَا (dual feminine passive second-person subjunctive)
تُسْنَيَا (dual feminine passive subjunctive third-person)
نُسْنَى (feminine first-person passive plural subjunctive)
تُسْنَيْنَ (feminine passive plural second-person subjunctive)
يُسْنَيْنَ (feminine passive plural subjunctive third-person)
أُسْنَ (first-person jussive masculine passive singular)
تُسْنَ (jussive masculine passive second-person singular)
يُسْنَ (jussive masculine passive singular third-person)
تُسْنَيَا (dual jussive masculine passive second-person)
يُسْنَيَا (dual jussive masculine passive third-person)
نُسْنَ (first-person jussive masculine passive plural)
تُسْنَوْا (jussive masculine passive plural second-person)
يُسْنَوْا (jussive masculine passive plural third-person)
أُسْنَ (feminine first-person jussive passive singular)
تُسْنَيْ (feminine jussive passive second-person singular)
تُسْنَ (feminine jussive passive singular third-person)
تُسْنَيَا (dual feminine jussive passive second-person)
تُسْنَيَا (dual feminine jussive passive third-person)
نُسْنَ (feminine first-person jussive passive plural)
تُسْنَيْنَ (feminine jussive passive plural second-person)
يُسْنَيْنَ (feminine jussive passive plural third-person)

ar-conj

I.pass.vn:سَنْو,سَنَاوَة


صندل

ar-noun

صَنْدَل • (ṣandal) m (plural صَنَادِل (ṣanādil))

صَنْدَل (canonical)
ṣandal (romanization)
صَنَادِل (plural)
صَنْدَل (indefinite informal singular triptote)
الصَّنْدَل (definite informal singular triptote)
صَنْدَل (construct informal singular triptote)
صَنْدَلٌ (indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الصَّنْدَلُ (definite nominative singular triptote)
صَنْدَلُ (construct nominative singular triptote)
صَنْدَلًا (accusative indefinite singular triptote)
الصَّنْدَلَ (accusative definite singular triptote)
صَنْدَلَ (accusative construct singular triptote)
صَنْدَلٍ (genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الصَّنْدَلِ (definite genitive singular triptote)
صَنْدَلِ (construct genitive singular triptote)
صَنْدَلَيْن (dual indefinite informal singular triptote)
الصَّنْدَلَيْن (definite dual informal singular triptote)
صَنْدَلَيْ (construct dual informal singular triptote)
صَنْدَلَانِ (dual indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الصَّنْدَلَانِ (definite dual nominative singular triptote)
صَنْدَلَا (construct dual nominative singular triptote)
صَنْدَلَيْنِ (accusative dual indefinite singular triptote)
الصَّنْدَلَيْنِ (accusative definite dual singular triptote)
صَنْدَلَيْ (accusative construct dual singular triptote)
صَنْدَلَيْنِ (dual genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الصَّنْدَلَيْنِ (definite dual genitive singular triptote)
صَنْدَلَيْ (construct dual genitive singular triptote)
صَنَادِل (broken-form diptote indefinite informal plural)
الصَّنَادِل (broken-form definite diptote informal plural)
صَنَادِل (broken-form construct diptote informal plural)
صَنَادِلُ (broken-form diptote indefinite nominative plural)
الصَّنَادِلُ (broken-form definite diptote nominative plural)
صَنَادِلُ (broken-form construct diptote nominative plural)
صَنَادِلَ (accusative broken-form diptote indefinite plural)
الصَّنَادِلَ (accusative broken-form definite diptote plural)
صَنَادِلَ (accusative broken-form construct diptote plural)
صَنَادِلَ (broken-form diptote genitive indefinite plural)
الصَّنَادِلِ (broken-form definite diptote genitive plural)
صَنَادِلِ (broken-form construct diptote genitive plural)

A vessel already known to the Ṭūlūnids from Byzantine Greek σανδάλιον (sandálion) having both the ship and the shoe sense, diminutive of σάνδαλον (sándalon).


رمان

رُمَّان (canonical)
rummān (romanization)
رُمَّانَة (feminine singulative)
رُمَّان (collective indefinite informal triptote)
الرُّمَّان (collective definite informal triptote)
رُمَّان (collective construct informal triptote)
رُمَّانٌ (collective indefinite nominative triptote)
الرُّمَّانُ (collective definite nominative triptote)
رُمَّانُ (collective construct nominative triptote)
رُمَّانًا (accusative collective indefinite triptote)
الرُّمَّانَ (accusative collective definite triptote)
رُمَّانَ (accusative collective construct triptote)
رُمَّانٍ (collective genitive indefinite triptote)
الرُّمَّانِ (collective definite genitive triptote)
رُمَّانِ (collective construct genitive triptote)
رُمَّانَة (ar-infl-a collective indefinite informal singulative triptote)
الرُّمَّانَة (ar-infl-a collective definite informal singulative triptote)
رُمَّانَة (ar-infl-a collective construct informal singulative triptote)
رُمَّانَةٌ (ar-infl-a collective indefinite nominative singulative triptote)
الرُّمَّانَةُ (ar-infl-a collective definite nominative singulative triptote)
رُمَّانَةُ (ar-infl-a collective construct nominative singulative triptote)
رُمَّانَةً (accusative ar-infl-a collective indefinite singulative triptote)
الرُّمَّانَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a collective definite singulative triptote)
رُمَّانَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a collective construct singulative triptote)
رُمَّانَةٍ (ar-infl-a collective genitive indefinite singulative triptote)
الرُّمَّانَةِ (ar-infl-a collective definite genitive singulative triptote)
رُمَّانَةِ (ar-infl-a collective construct genitive singulative triptote)
رُمَّانَتَيْن (ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite informal singulative triptote)
الرُّمَّانَتَيْن (ar-infl-a collective definite dual informal singulative triptote)
رُمَّانَتَيْ (ar-infl-a collective construct dual informal singulative triptote)
رُمَّانَتَانِ (ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite nominative singulative triptote)
الرُّمَّانَتَانِ (ar-infl-a collective definite dual nominative singulative triptote)
رُمَّانَتَا (ar-infl-a collective construct dual nominative singulative triptote)
رُمَّانَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite singulative triptote)
الرُّمَّانَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a collective definite dual singulative triptote)
رُمَّانَتَيْ (accusative ar-infl-a collective construct dual singulative triptote)
رُمَّانَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a collective dual genitive indefinite singulative triptote)
الرُّمَّانَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a collective definite dual genitive singulative triptote)
رُمَّانَتَيْ (ar-infl-a collective construct dual genitive singulative triptote)
رُمَّانَات (feminine indefinite informal paucal sound-form)
الرُّمَّانَات (definite feminine informal paucal sound-form)
رُمَّانَات (construct feminine informal paucal sound-form)
رُمَّانَاتٌ (feminine indefinite nominative paucal sound-form)
الرُّمَّانَاتُ (definite feminine nominative paucal sound-form)
رُمَّانَاتُ (construct feminine nominative paucal sound-form)
رُمَّانَاتٍ (accusative feminine indefinite paucal sound-form)
الرُّمَّانَاتِ (accusative definite feminine paucal sound-form)
رُمَّانَاتِ (accusative construct feminine paucal sound-form)
رُمَّانَاتٍ (feminine genitive indefinite paucal sound-form)
الرُّمَّانَاتِ (definite feminine genitive paucal sound-form)
رُمَّانَاتِ (construct feminine genitive paucal sound-form)

Maltese: rummien

→ Gujarati: રુમ્માન (rummān)

→ Italian: romano

→ Ottoman Turkish: رمان (rüman)

→? Portuguese: romã

→ Tamil: ரும்மான் (rummāṉ)

Uncertain direct and ultimate source, not Semitic. Compare Hebrew רימון / רִמּוֹן (rimmṓn), Punic *𐤓𐤌𐤍 (*rmn /rimmūn/) and Aramaic רִימֹּונָא / רִמֹּונָא (rimmōnā) / רוּמָּנָא / ܪܘܡܢܐ (rummānā), Ge'ez ሮማን (roman), Akkadian 𒄑𒈢𒆳𒊏 (/armannu/).
Likely borrowed from Semitic is Egyptian i-n:h-mn:n-M1 (jnhmn), which developed into Demotic hrnt, and from this ⲉⲣⲙⲁⲛ (erman, Bohairic), ⲗⲉϩⲙⲉⲛ (lehmen, Akhmimic), ϩⲉⲣⲙⲁⲛ (herman, Sahidic).
Further potential cognates
(With a different order of the consonants, compare also:)
* Sumerian 𒉡𒌫𒈠 (NU-UR₂-MA /nurma/, “pomegranate”)
* Akkadian 𒉡𒌫𒈠 (NU-UR₂-MA /nurmû/), Akkadian 𒇻𒆸𒌅 (/lurmû, lurimtu, lurinnu/, “pomegranate”), Akkadian 𒉡𒊑𒅎𒁺 (nu-ri-im-du /nurimdu, nurimtu/, “pomegranate”)
* Hurrian 𒉡𒊏𒀭𒋾 (nu-ra-an-ti /nuranti/, “pomegranate”), Ugaritic 𐎍𐎗𐎎𐎐 (lrmn, “pomegranate”)
* Hittite 𒉡𒌫𒈬 (/nurmû/, “pomegranate”)
* Persian نار (nâr), انار (anâr, “pomegranate”)
* Chinese 榴 (OC *m·ru, “pomegranate”).

he-m

רימון / רִמּוֹן (rimmṓn)

cog

רִימֹּונָא / רִמֹּונָא

<i class="Latn mention" lang="egy">jnhmn</i>

cog

Holonyms: قَبَّان (qabbān), قَرَسْطُون (qarasṭūn)

(obsolete) sliding-weight of a steelyard


رز

رُزّ (canonical)
ruzz (romanization)
رُزّ (indefinite informal singular triptote)
الرُّزّ (definite informal singular triptote)
رُزّ (construct informal singular triptote)
رُزٌّ (indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الرُّزُّ (definite nominative singular triptote)
رُزُّ (construct nominative singular triptote)
رُزًّا (accusative indefinite singular triptote)
الرُّزَّ (accusative definite singular triptote)
رُزَّ (accusative construct singular triptote)
رُزٍّ (genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الرُّزِّ (definite genitive singular triptote)
رُزِّ (construct genitive singular triptote)

Hijazi Arabic: رُز (ruzz)

Maltese: ross, rożż (obsolete)

→? Afar: rúddi (possibly from Amharic)

→ Amharic: ሩዝ (ruz)

→ Middle Armenian: ռուզ (ṙuz)

→ Ottoman Turkish: رز (rüz)

Etymology tree
Proto-Iranian *wrinǰišder.
Ancient Greek ὄρυζα (óruza)bor.
Arabic رز
Borrowed from Aramaic אֲרוּזָא (ʔăruzzā) / ܐܘܪܘܙܐ (ʔuruzzā), ܪܘܙܐ (rūzā). Doublet of بِرِنْج (birinj).

bor+

Alternative forms: أَرُزّ (ʔaruzz), *رَوْز (*rawz), رُنْز (runz) (vulgar Classical Arabic)

والوجه الآخر إن يقطع له الأرض أمشارا أمشارا ويدخل فيها الماء ويقام فيها مقدار شبرة ثم ينثر الحب عليه نثرا وإذا شربت الأرض ذلك الماء غطي الرز برقيق التراب ينثر علبه بالأيادي حتى إذا مضت ساعات وتندى التراب الذي غطي به فليقام الماء في تلك المشارات فياما دائما متّصلا

c. 1200, يحيى بن محمد بن أحمد بن العوام [yaḥyā ibn muḥammad ibn ʔaḥmad ibn al-ʕawwām], edited by José Antonio Banqueri, كتاب الفلاحة [Book on Agriculture], volume 2, Madrid: Imprenta Real, published 1802ᴵᴬ, Cap. 20, Art. 1, pages 59–60:

And the other way [of transplanting rice] is when the earth is cut into divisions and water is introduced into it to stand a handspan high, then the seeds are strewn onto it, and when the earth is soaked by this water the rice is covered with sprinkled soil strewn onto it by the hands until some hours have passed and the soil which has been strewn on it is damp too, and the water shall stand in these beds continuously and without intermission.


رز

ar-verb

رَزَّ • (razza) I (non-past يَرُزُّ (yaruzzu), verbal noun رَزّ (razz))

رَزَّ (canonical)
razza (romanization)
يَرُزُّ (non-past)
رَزّ (noun-from-verb)
رَزّ (noun-from-verb)
رَازّ (active participle)
مَرْزُوز (participle passive)
رَزَزْتُ (active first-person indicative masculine past perfective singular)
رَزَزْتَ (active indicative masculine past perfective second-person singular)
رَزَّ (active indicative masculine past perfective singular third-person)
رَزَزْتُمَا (active dual indicative masculine past perfective second-person)
رَزَّا (active dual indicative masculine past perfective third-person)
رَزَزْنَا (active first-person indicative masculine past perfective plural)
رَزَزْتُمْ (active indicative masculine past perfective plural second-person)
رَزُّوا (active indicative masculine past perfective plural third-person)
رَزَزْتُ (active feminine first-person indicative past perfective singular)
رَزَزْتِ (active feminine indicative past perfective second-person singular)
رَزَّتْ (active feminine indicative past perfective singular third-person)
رَزَزْتُمَا (active dual feminine indicative past perfective second-person)
رَزَّتَا (active dual feminine indicative past perfective third-person)
رَزَزْنَا (active feminine first-person indicative past perfective plural)
رَزَزْتُنَّ (active feminine indicative past perfective plural second-person)
رَزَزْنَ (active feminine indicative past perfective plural third-person)
أَرُزُّ (active first-person imperfective indicative masculine non-past singular)
تَرُزُّ (active imperfective indicative masculine non-past second-person singular)
يَرُزُّ (active imperfective indicative masculine non-past singular third-person)
تَرُزَّانِ (active dual imperfective indicative masculine non-past second-person)
يَرُزَّانِ (active dual imperfective indicative masculine non-past third-person)
نَرُزُّ (active first-person imperfective indicative masculine non-past plural)
تَرُزُّونَ (active imperfective indicative masculine non-past plural second-person)
يَرُزُّونَ (active imperfective indicative masculine non-past plural third-person)
أَرُزُّ (active feminine first-person imperfective indicative non-past singular)
تَرُزِّينَ (active feminine imperfective indicative non-past second-person singular)
تَرُزُّ (active feminine imperfective indicative non-past singular third-person)
تَرُزَّانِ (active dual feminine imperfective indicative non-past second-person)
تَرُزَّانِ (active dual feminine imperfective indicative non-past third-person)
نَرُزُّ (active feminine first-person imperfective indicative non-past plural)
تَرْزُزْنَ (active feminine imperfective indicative non-past plural second-person)
يَرْزُزْنَ (active feminine imperfective indicative non-past plural third-person)
أَرُزَّ (active first-person masculine singular subjunctive)
تَرُزَّ (active masculine second-person singular subjunctive)
يَرُزَّ (active masculine singular subjunctive third-person)
تَرُزَّا (active dual masculine second-person subjunctive)
يَرُزَّا (active dual masculine subjunctive third-person)
نَرُزَّ (active first-person masculine plural subjunctive)
تَرُزُّوا (active masculine plural second-person subjunctive)
يَرُزُّوا (active masculine plural subjunctive third-person)
أَرُزَّ (active feminine first-person singular subjunctive)
تَرُزِّي (active feminine second-person singular subjunctive)
تَرُزَّ (active feminine singular subjunctive third-person)
تَرُزَّا (active dual feminine second-person subjunctive)
تَرُزَّا (active dual feminine subjunctive third-person)
نَرُزَّ (active feminine first-person plural subjunctive)
تَرْزُزْنَ (active feminine plural second-person subjunctive)
يَرْزُزْنَ (active feminine plural subjunctive third-person)
أَرُزَّ (active first-person jussive masculine singular)
أَرُزِّ (active first-person jussive masculine singular)
أَرْزُزْ (active first-person jussive masculine singular)
تَرُزَّ (active jussive masculine second-person singular)
تَرُزِّ (active jussive masculine second-person singular)
تَرْزُزْ (active jussive masculine second-person singular)
يَرُزَّ (active jussive masculine singular third-person)
يَرُزِّ (active jussive masculine singular third-person)
يَرْزُزْ (active jussive masculine singular third-person)
تَرُزَّا (active dual jussive masculine second-person)
يَرُزَّا (active dual jussive masculine third-person)
نَرُزَّ (active first-person jussive masculine plural)
نَرُزِّ (active first-person jussive masculine plural)
نَرْزُزْ (active first-person jussive masculine plural)
تَرُزُّوا (active jussive masculine plural second-person)
يَرُزُّوا (active jussive masculine plural third-person)
أَرُزَّ (active feminine first-person jussive singular)
أَرُزِّ (active feminine first-person jussive singular)
أَرْزُزْ (active feminine first-person jussive singular)
تَرُزِّي (active feminine jussive second-person singular)
تَرُزَّ (active feminine jussive singular third-person)
تَرُزِّ (active feminine jussive singular third-person)
تَرْزُزْ (active feminine jussive singular third-person)
تَرُزَّا (active dual feminine jussive second-person)
تَرُزَّا (active dual feminine jussive third-person)
نَرُزَّ (active feminine first-person jussive plural)
نَرُزِّ (active feminine first-person jussive plural)
نَرْزُزْ (active feminine first-person jussive plural)
تَرْزُزْنَ (active feminine jussive plural second-person)
يَرْزُزْنَ (active feminine jussive plural third-person)
رُزَّ (active imperative masculine second-person singular)
رُزِّ (active imperative masculine second-person singular)
اُرْزُزْ (active imperative masculine second-person singular)
رُزَّا (active dual imperative masculine second-person)
رُزُّوا (active imperative masculine plural second-person)
رُزِّي (active feminine imperative second-person singular)
رُزَّا (active dual feminine imperative second-person)
اُرْزُزْنَ (active feminine imperative plural second-person)
رُزِزْتُ (first-person indicative masculine passive past perfective singular)
رُزِزْتَ (indicative masculine passive past perfective second-person singular)
رُزَّ (indicative masculine passive past perfective singular third-person)
رُزِزْتُمَا (dual indicative masculine passive past perfective second-person)
رُزَّا (dual indicative masculine passive past perfective third-person)
رُزِزْنَا (first-person indicative masculine passive past perfective plural)
رُزِزْتُمْ (indicative masculine passive past perfective plural second-person)
رُزُّوا (indicative masculine passive past perfective plural third-person)
رُزِزْتُ (feminine first-person indicative passive past perfective singular)
رُزِزْتِ (feminine indicative passive past perfective second-person singular)
رُزَّتْ (feminine indicative passive past perfective singular third-person)
رُزِزْتُمَا (dual feminine indicative passive past perfective second-person)
رُزَّتَا (dual feminine indicative passive past perfective third-person)
رُزِزْنَا (feminine first-person indicative passive past perfective plural)
رُزِزْتُنَّ (feminine indicative passive past perfective plural second-person)
رُزِزْنَ (feminine indicative passive past perfective plural third-person)
أُرَزُّ (first-person imperfective indicative masculine non-past passive singular)
تُرَزُّ (imperfective indicative masculine non-past passive second-person singular)
يُرَزُّ (imperfective indicative masculine non-past passive singular third-person)
تُرَزَّانِ (dual imperfective indicative masculine non-past passive second-person)
يُرَزَّانِ (dual imperfective indicative masculine non-past passive third-person)
نُرَزُّ (first-person imperfective indicative masculine non-past passive plural)
تُرَزُّونَ (imperfective indicative masculine non-past passive plural second-person)
يُرَزُّونَ (imperfective indicative masculine non-past passive plural third-person)
أُرَزُّ (feminine first-person imperfective indicative non-past passive singular)
تُرَزِّينَ (feminine imperfective indicative non-past passive second-person singular)
تُرَزُّ (feminine imperfective indicative non-past passive singular third-person)
تُرَزَّانِ (dual feminine imperfective indicative non-past passive second-person)
تُرَزَّانِ (dual feminine imperfective indicative non-past passive third-person)
نُرَزُّ (feminine first-person imperfective indicative non-past passive plural)
تُرْزَزْنَ (feminine imperfective indicative non-past passive plural second-person)
يُرْزَزْنَ (feminine imperfective indicative non-past passive plural third-person)
أُرَزَّ (first-person masculine passive singular subjunctive)
تُرَزَّ (masculine passive second-person singular subjunctive)
يُرَزَّ (masculine passive singular subjunctive third-person)
تُرَزَّا (dual masculine passive second-person subjunctive)
يُرَزَّا (dual masculine passive subjunctive third-person)
نُرَزَّ (first-person masculine passive plural subjunctive)
تُرَزُّوا (masculine passive plural second-person subjunctive)
يُرَزُّوا (masculine passive plural subjunctive third-person)
أُرَزَّ (feminine first-person passive singular subjunctive)
تُرَزِّي (feminine passive second-person singular subjunctive)
تُرَزَّ (feminine passive singular subjunctive third-person)
تُرَزَّا (dual feminine passive second-person subjunctive)
تُرَزَّا (dual feminine passive subjunctive third-person)
نُرَزَّ (feminine first-person passive plural subjunctive)
تُرْزَزْنَ (feminine passive plural second-person subjunctive)
يُرْزَزْنَ (feminine passive plural subjunctive third-person)
أُرَزَّ (first-person jussive masculine passive singular)
أُرَزِّ (first-person jussive masculine passive singular)
أُرْزَزْ (first-person jussive masculine passive singular)
تُرَزَّ (jussive masculine passive second-person singular)
تُرَزِّ (jussive masculine passive second-person singular)
تُرْزَزْ (jussive masculine passive second-person singular)
يُرَزَّ (jussive masculine passive singular third-person)
يُرَزِّ (jussive masculine passive singular third-person)
يُرْزَزْ (jussive masculine passive singular third-person)
تُرَزَّا (dual jussive masculine passive second-person)
يُرَزَّا (dual jussive masculine passive third-person)
نُرَزَّ (first-person jussive masculine passive plural)
نُرَزِّ (first-person jussive masculine passive plural)
نُرْزَزْ (first-person jussive masculine passive plural)
تُرَزُّوا (jussive masculine passive plural second-person)
يُرَزُّوا (jussive masculine passive plural third-person)
أُرَزَّ (feminine first-person jussive passive singular)
أُرَزِّ (feminine first-person jussive passive singular)
أُرْزَزْ (feminine first-person jussive passive singular)
تُرَزِّي (feminine jussive passive second-person singular)
تُرَزَّ (feminine jussive passive singular third-person)
تُرَزِّ (feminine jussive passive singular third-person)
تُرْزَزْ (feminine jussive passive singular third-person)
تُرَزَّا (dual feminine jussive passive second-person)
تُرَزَّا (dual feminine jussive passive third-person)
نُرَزَّ (feminine first-person jussive passive plural)
نُرَزِّ (feminine first-person jussive passive plural)
نُرْزَزْ (feminine first-person jussive passive plural)
تُرْزَزْنَ (feminine jussive passive plural second-person)
يُرْزَزْنَ (feminine jussive passive plural third-person)


رز

رَزّ (canonical)
razz (romanization)
رَزّ (indefinite informal singular triptote)
الرَّزّ (definite informal singular triptote)
رَزّ (construct informal singular triptote)
رَزٌّ (indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الرَّزُّ (definite nominative singular triptote)
رَزُّ (construct nominative singular triptote)
رَزًّا (accusative indefinite singular triptote)
الرَّزَّ (accusative definite singular triptote)
رَزَّ (accusative construct singular triptote)
رَزٍّ (genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الرَّزِّ (definite genitive singular triptote)
رَزِّ (construct genitive singular triptote)


قفل

قَفَل (canonical)
qafal (romanization)
قَفَل (indefinite informal singular triptote)
الْقَفَل (definite informal singular triptote)
قَفَل (construct informal singular triptote)
قَفَلٌ (indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الْقَفَلُ (definite nominative singular triptote)
قَفَلُ (construct nominative singular triptote)
قَفَلًا (accusative indefinite singular triptote)
الْقَفَلَ (accusative definite singular triptote)
قَفَلَ (accusative construct singular triptote)
قَفَلٍ (genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الْقَفَلِ (definite genitive singular triptote)
قَفَلِ (construct genitive singular triptote)

From the root ق ف ل (q-f-l). The word for a lock is presumed to be from Aramaic פוּפְלָא / ܩܘܼܦ݂ܠܵܐ (qup̄lā, “bolt; bond”) and the verbs “to lock” denominal verbs; to be separated from genuine meanings related to drying, withering up and the returning from a journey related by the idea of retraction or folding-up (leaves as well as belongings; mind also the well-known قَافِلَة (qāfila, “caravan”)), while the meanings of amassing and usuring are derived from perhaps both by the idea of locking up belongings or returning with riches. And the Aramaic is derived by Brockelmann, Asatrian, and Toll from Latin cōpula, but Diem deems this daring and CAL to be rejected, and instead related to the root ܟ-ܒ-ܠ (k-b-l) related to binding whence ܟܒܠܐ (kaḇlā, “fetter”).

bor

Aramaic פוּפְלָא

Commiphora myrrha
Commiphora myrrha#Translingual

(dialectal, Arabian peninsula) kafal (Commiphora kua syn. Commiphora abyssinica and Commiphora erythraea and Commiphora myrrha)


بر

بِرّ (canonical)
birr (romanization)
بِرّ (indefinite informal singular triptote)
الْبِرّ (definite informal singular triptote)
بِرّ (construct informal singular triptote)
بِرٌّ (indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الْبِرُّ (definite nominative singular triptote)
بِرُّ (construct nominative singular triptote)
بِرًّا (accusative indefinite singular triptote)
الْبِرَّ (accusative definite singular triptote)
بِرَّ (accusative construct singular triptote)
بِرٍّ (genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الْبِرِّ (definite genitive singular triptote)
بِرِّ (construct genitive singular triptote)

From the root ب ر ر (b-r-r). Inherited from Proto-Semitic *barr-.


زان

ar-noun

زَان • (zān) m

زَان (canonical)
zān (romanization)
زَان (indefinite informal singular triptote)
الزَّان (definite informal singular triptote)
زَان (construct informal singular triptote)
زَانٌ (indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الزَّانُ (definite nominative singular triptote)
زَانُ (construct nominative singular triptote)
زَانًا (accusative indefinite singular triptote)
الزَّانَ (accusative definite singular triptote)
زَانَ (accusative construct singular triptote)
زَانٍ (genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الزَّانِ (definite genitive singular triptote)
زَانِ (construct genitive singular triptote)


ملاح

مُلَّاح • (mullāḥ) m

مُلَّاح (canonical)
mullāḥ (romanization)
مُلَّاح (indefinite informal singular triptote)
الْمُلَّاح (definite informal singular triptote)
مُلَّاح (construct informal singular triptote)
مُلَّاحٌ (indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الْمُلَّاحُ (definite nominative singular triptote)
مُلَّاحُ (construct nominative singular triptote)
مُلَّاحًا (accusative indefinite singular triptote)
الْمُلَّاحَ (accusative definite singular triptote)
مُلَّاحَ (accusative construct singular triptote)
مُلَّاحٍ (genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الْمُلَّاحِ (definite genitive singular triptote)
مُلَّاحِ (construct genitive singular triptote)


حشيش

حَشِيش (canonical)
ḥašīš (romanization)
حَشِيشَة (feminine singulative)
حَشَائِش (plural)
حَشِيش (collective indefinite informal triptote)
الْحَشِيش (collective definite informal triptote)
حَشِيش (collective construct informal triptote)
حَشِيشٌ (collective indefinite nominative triptote)
الْحَشِيشُ (collective definite nominative triptote)
حَشِيشُ (collective construct nominative triptote)
حَشِيشًا (accusative collective indefinite triptote)
الْحَشِيشَ (accusative collective definite triptote)
حَشِيشَ (accusative collective construct triptote)
حَشِيشٍ (collective genitive indefinite triptote)
الْحَشِيشِ (collective definite genitive triptote)
حَشِيشِ (collective construct genitive triptote)
حَشِيشَة (ar-infl-a collective indefinite informal singulative triptote)
الْحَشِيشَة (ar-infl-a collective definite informal singulative triptote)
حَشِيشَة (ar-infl-a collective construct informal singulative triptote)
حَشِيشَةٌ (ar-infl-a collective indefinite nominative singulative triptote)
الْحَشِيشَةُ (ar-infl-a collective definite nominative singulative triptote)
حَشِيشَةُ (ar-infl-a collective construct nominative singulative triptote)
حَشِيشَةً (accusative ar-infl-a collective indefinite singulative triptote)
الْحَشِيشَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a collective definite singulative triptote)
حَشِيشَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a collective construct singulative triptote)
حَشِيشَةٍ (ar-infl-a collective genitive indefinite singulative triptote)
الْحَشِيشَةِ (ar-infl-a collective definite genitive singulative triptote)
حَشِيشَةِ (ar-infl-a collective construct genitive singulative triptote)
حَشِيشَتَيْن (ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite informal singulative triptote)
الْحَشِيشَتَيْن (ar-infl-a collective definite dual informal singulative triptote)
حَشِيشَتَيْ (ar-infl-a collective construct dual informal singulative triptote)
حَشِيشَتَانِ (ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite nominative singulative triptote)
الْحَشِيشَتَانِ (ar-infl-a collective definite dual nominative singulative triptote)
حَشِيشَتَا (ar-infl-a collective construct dual nominative singulative triptote)
حَشِيشَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite singulative triptote)
الْحَشِيشَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a collective definite dual singulative triptote)
حَشِيشَتَيْ (accusative ar-infl-a collective construct dual singulative triptote)
حَشِيشَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a collective dual genitive indefinite singulative triptote)
الْحَشِيشَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a collective definite dual genitive singulative triptote)
حَشِيشَتَيْ (ar-infl-a collective construct dual genitive singulative triptote)
حَشِيشَات (feminine indefinite informal paucal sound-form)
الْحَشِيشَات (definite feminine informal paucal sound-form)
حَشِيشَات (construct feminine informal paucal sound-form)
حَشِيشَاتٌ (feminine indefinite nominative paucal sound-form)
الْحَشِيشَاتُ (definite feminine nominative paucal sound-form)
حَشِيشَاتُ (construct feminine nominative paucal sound-form)
حَشِيشَاتٍ (accusative feminine indefinite paucal sound-form)
الْحَشِيشَاتِ (accusative definite feminine paucal sound-form)
حَشِيشَاتِ (accusative construct feminine paucal sound-form)
حَشِيشَاتٍ (feminine genitive indefinite paucal sound-form)
الْحَشِيشَاتِ (definite feminine genitive paucal sound-form)
حَشِيشَاتِ (construct feminine genitive paucal sound-form)
حَشَائِش (broken-form diptote feminine indefinite informal paucal plural sound-form)
الْحَشَائِش (broken-form definite diptote feminine informal paucal plural sound-form)
حَشَائِش (broken-form construct diptote feminine informal paucal plural sound-form)
حَشَائِشُ (broken-form diptote feminine indefinite nominative paucal plural sound-form)
الْحَشَائِشُ (broken-form definite diptote feminine nominative paucal plural sound-form)
حَشَائِشُ (broken-form construct diptote feminine nominative paucal plural sound-form)
حَشَائِشَ (accusative broken-form diptote feminine indefinite paucal plural sound-form)
الْحَشَائِشَ (accusative broken-form definite diptote feminine paucal plural sound-form)
حَشَائِشَ (accusative broken-form construct diptote feminine paucal plural sound-form)
حَشَائِشَ (broken-form diptote feminine genitive indefinite paucal plural sound-form)
الْحَشَائِشِ (broken-form definite diptote feminine genitive paucal plural sound-form)
حَشَائِشِ (broken-form construct diptote feminine genitive paucal plural sound-form)

Maltese: ħaxix

Borrowings

→ Dutch: hasjiesj

→ Armenian: հաշիշ (hašiš)

→ Catalan: haixix

→ Czech: hašiš

→ English: hashish

→ Georgian: ჰაშიში (hašiši)

desctree

→ German: Haschisch, Hasch (clipping)
→ Estonian: hašiš
→ Ukrainian: гаши́ш (hašýš)

→ French: haschich
→ Romanian: hașiș
→ Ukrainian: гаши́ш (hašýš)

→ Finnish: hasis

→ Hebrew: חשיש (khashísh)

→ Hungarian: hasis

→ Indonesian: hasyis

→ Irish: haisis

→ Italian: hashish

→ Ottoman Turkish: حشیش (haşiş)

Turkish: haşiş

→ Greek: χασίς (chasís)

→ Serbo-Croatian: hašiš / хашиш

→ Persian: حشیش (hašiš)

→ Polish: haszysz

→ Portuguese: haxixe

→ Russian: гашиш (gašiš)

→ Slovak: hašiš

→ Slovene: hašiš

→ Spanish: hachís

→ Swahili: hashishi

→ Swedish: haschisch


سنبل

سُنْبُل (canonical)
sunbul (romanization)
سُنْبُلَة (feminine singulative)
سَنَابِل (plural)
سُنْبُل (collective indefinite informal triptote)
السُّنْبُل (collective definite informal triptote)
سُنْبُل (collective construct informal triptote)
سُنْبُلٌ (collective indefinite nominative triptote)
السُّنْبُلُ (collective definite nominative triptote)
سُنْبُلُ (collective construct nominative triptote)
سُنْبُلًا (accusative collective indefinite triptote)
السُّنْبُلَ (accusative collective definite triptote)
سُنْبُلَ (accusative collective construct triptote)
سُنْبُلٍ (collective genitive indefinite triptote)
السُّنْبُلِ (collective definite genitive triptote)
سُنْبُلِ (collective construct genitive triptote)
سُنْبُلَة (ar-infl-a collective indefinite informal singulative triptote)
السُّنْبُلَة (ar-infl-a collective definite informal singulative triptote)
سُنْبُلَة (ar-infl-a collective construct informal singulative triptote)
سُنْبُلَةٌ (ar-infl-a collective indefinite nominative singulative triptote)
السُّنْبُلَةُ (ar-infl-a collective definite nominative singulative triptote)
سُنْبُلَةُ (ar-infl-a collective construct nominative singulative triptote)
سُنْبُلَةً (accusative ar-infl-a collective indefinite singulative triptote)
السُّنْبُلَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a collective definite singulative triptote)
سُنْبُلَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a collective construct singulative triptote)
سُنْبُلَةٍ (ar-infl-a collective genitive indefinite singulative triptote)
السُّنْبُلَةِ (ar-infl-a collective definite genitive singulative triptote)
سُنْبُلَةِ (ar-infl-a collective construct genitive singulative triptote)
سُنْبُلَتَيْن (ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite informal singulative triptote)
السُّنْبُلَتَيْن (ar-infl-a collective definite dual informal singulative triptote)
سُنْبُلَتَيْ (ar-infl-a collective construct dual informal singulative triptote)
سُنْبُلَتَانِ (ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite nominative singulative triptote)
السُّنْبُلَتَانِ (ar-infl-a collective definite dual nominative singulative triptote)
سُنْبُلَتَا (ar-infl-a collective construct dual nominative singulative triptote)
سُنْبُلَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite singulative triptote)
السُّنْبُلَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a collective definite dual singulative triptote)
سُنْبُلَتَيْ (accusative ar-infl-a collective construct dual singulative triptote)
سُنْبُلَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a collective dual genitive indefinite singulative triptote)
السُّنْبُلَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a collective definite dual genitive singulative triptote)
سُنْبُلَتَيْ (ar-infl-a collective construct dual genitive singulative triptote)
سُنْبُلَات (feminine indefinite informal paucal sound-form)
السُّنْبُلَات (definite feminine informal paucal sound-form)
سُنْبُلَات (construct feminine informal paucal sound-form)
سُنْبُلَاتٌ (feminine indefinite nominative paucal sound-form)
السُّنْبُلَاتُ (definite feminine nominative paucal sound-form)
سُنْبُلَاتُ (construct feminine nominative paucal sound-form)
سُنْبُلَاتٍ (accusative feminine indefinite paucal sound-form)
السُّنْبُلَاتِ (accusative definite feminine paucal sound-form)
سُنْبُلَاتِ (accusative construct feminine paucal sound-form)
سُنْبُلَاتٍ (feminine genitive indefinite paucal sound-form)
السُّنْبُلَاتِ (definite feminine genitive paucal sound-form)
سُنْبُلَاتِ (construct feminine genitive paucal sound-form)
سَنَابِل (broken-form diptote feminine indefinite informal paucal plural sound-form)
السَّنَابِل (broken-form definite diptote feminine informal paucal plural sound-form)
سَنَابِل (broken-form construct diptote feminine informal paucal plural sound-form)
سَنَابِلُ (broken-form diptote feminine indefinite nominative paucal plural sound-form)
السَّنَابِلُ (broken-form definite diptote feminine nominative paucal plural sound-form)
سَنَابِلُ (broken-form construct diptote feminine nominative paucal plural sound-form)
سَنَابِلَ (accusative broken-form diptote feminine indefinite paucal plural sound-form)
السَّنَابِلَ (accusative broken-form definite diptote feminine paucal plural sound-form)
سَنَابِلَ (accusative broken-form construct diptote feminine paucal plural sound-form)
سَنَابِلَ (broken-form diptote feminine genitive indefinite paucal plural sound-form)
السَّنَابِلِ (broken-form definite diptote feminine genitive paucal plural sound-form)
سَنَابِلِ (broken-form construct diptote feminine genitive paucal plural sound-form)

desc

→ Amharic: ሰንበል (sänbäl, “ear”), ሰንቡል (sänbul, “spikenard”), ስንቡል (sənbul, “spikenard”)

→ Azerbaijani: sünbül

→ Ge'ez: ሰንብል (sänbəl, “ear”), ሰንበል (sänbäl, “ear”), ሰንቢል (sänbil, “spikenard”), ሰንቡል (sänbul, “spikenard”)

desctree

→ Classical Persian: سُنْبُل (sunbul)
→ Armenian: սմբուլ (smbul)
→ English: sumbal
→ Georgian: სუმბული (sumbuli)
→ Hindustani:
Hindi: सुंबुल (sumbul)
Urdu: سنبل (sumbul)
→ Kazakh: сүмбіл (sümbıl)
→ Sindhi: سنبل
→ Ottoman Turkish: سنبل (sümbül)
Turkish: sümbül
→ Albanian: zymbyl
→ Bulgarian: зюмбю́л (zjumbjúl)
→ Gagauz: zümbül
→ Greek: ζουμπούλι (zoumpoúli), ζιμπούλι n (zimpoúli)
Kurdish:
→ Northern Kurdish: sumbul, simbil
→ Ladino: zimbul
→ Macedonian: зумбул (zumbul)
→ Romanian: zambilă
→ Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic script: зу̀мбул
Latin script: zùmbul
→ Uzbek: sumbul

→ Spanish: azúmbar

→ Tigre: ስንቡል (sənbul, “spikenard”)

* From the root س ب ل (s-b-l) whence also the verb form IV أَسْبَلَ (ʔasbala, “to let down, to let hang out”).
* Compare Aramaic שבלתא (šebaltā, “ear”), שבלא (šebalā, “ear”), Classical Syriac ܫܶܒܰܠܬܳܐ (šebaltā, “ear”), ܫܶܒܠܳܐ (šebalā, “ear”), Hebrew שִׁבֹּלֶת (šibbṓleṯ, “flowing stream; ear”), Ugaritic 𐎌𐎁𐎍𐎚 (šblt, “ear”), Akkadian 𒋗𒁍𒌌𒌈 (šubultum, “ear”), Eblaite 𒋤𒉺𒂖 (SÙ.PA.SIKIL /šabaltum/, “ear”), Old South Arabian 𐩪𐩨𐩡𐩩 (s¹blt, “ear”), Ge'ez ሰብል (säbl, “ear”), Tigrinya ሰብሊ (säbli, “ear”), Amharic ሰብል (säbəl, “ear”), Soqotri sebóleh (“ear”), Mehri seblī́t (“ear”), Shehri simbelót (“ear”), Egyptian Aa18-Z1-b-G29-A-y:r*Z1-Hn-Z2ss (sꜣbꜣjr, “shoots, spikes (of fruit trees), grape clusters”).

cog

aromatic plant with ear-forming flowers, spikenard, Nardostachys spp., Valeriana spp., Hyacinthus spp. and the like


خردل

خَرْدَل (canonical)
ḵardal (romanization)
خَرْدَلَة (feminine singulative)
خَرْدَل (collective indefinite informal triptote)
الْخَرْدَل (collective definite informal triptote)
خَرْدَل (collective construct informal triptote)
خَرْدَلٌ (collective indefinite nominative triptote)
الْخَرْدَلُ (collective definite nominative triptote)
خَرْدَلُ (collective construct nominative triptote)
خَرْدَلًا (accusative collective indefinite triptote)
الْخَرْدَلَ (accusative collective definite triptote)
خَرْدَلَ (accusative collective construct triptote)
خَرْدَلٍ (collective genitive indefinite triptote)
الْخَرْدَلِ (collective definite genitive triptote)
خَرْدَلِ (collective construct genitive triptote)
خَرْدَلَة (ar-infl-a collective indefinite informal singulative triptote)
الْخَرْدَلَة (ar-infl-a collective definite informal singulative triptote)
خَرْدَلَة (ar-infl-a collective construct informal singulative triptote)
خَرْدَلَةٌ (ar-infl-a collective indefinite nominative singulative triptote)
الْخَرْدَلَةُ (ar-infl-a collective definite nominative singulative triptote)
خَرْدَلَةُ (ar-infl-a collective construct nominative singulative triptote)
خَرْدَلَةً (accusative ar-infl-a collective indefinite singulative triptote)
الْخَرْدَلَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a collective definite singulative triptote)
خَرْدَلَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a collective construct singulative triptote)
خَرْدَلَةٍ (ar-infl-a collective genitive indefinite singulative triptote)
الْخَرْدَلَةِ (ar-infl-a collective definite genitive singulative triptote)
خَرْدَلَةِ (ar-infl-a collective construct genitive singulative triptote)
خَرْدَلَتَيْن (ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite informal singulative triptote)
الْخَرْدَلَتَيْن (ar-infl-a collective definite dual informal singulative triptote)
خَرْدَلَتَيْ (ar-infl-a collective construct dual informal singulative triptote)
خَرْدَلَتَانِ (ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite nominative singulative triptote)
الْخَرْدَلَتَانِ (ar-infl-a collective definite dual nominative singulative triptote)
خَرْدَلَتَا (ar-infl-a collective construct dual nominative singulative triptote)
خَرْدَلَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite singulative triptote)
الْخَرْدَلَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a collective definite dual singulative triptote)
خَرْدَلَتَيْ (accusative ar-infl-a collective construct dual singulative triptote)
خَرْدَلَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a collective dual genitive indefinite singulative triptote)
الْخَرْدَلَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a collective definite dual genitive singulative triptote)
خَرْدَلَتَيْ (ar-infl-a collective construct dual genitive singulative triptote)
خَرْدَلَات (feminine indefinite informal paucal sound-form)
الْخَرْدَلَات (definite feminine informal paucal sound-form)
خَرْدَلَات (construct feminine informal paucal sound-form)
خَرْدَلَاتٌ (feminine indefinite nominative paucal sound-form)
الْخَرْدَلَاتُ (definite feminine nominative paucal sound-form)
خَرْدَلَاتُ (construct feminine nominative paucal sound-form)
خَرْدَلَاتٍ (accusative feminine indefinite paucal sound-form)
الْخَرْدَلَاتِ (accusative definite feminine paucal sound-form)
خَرْدَلَاتِ (accusative construct feminine paucal sound-form)
خَرْدَلَاتٍ (feminine genitive indefinite paucal sound-form)
الْخَرْدَلَاتِ (definite feminine genitive paucal sound-form)
خَرْدَلَاتِ (construct feminine genitive paucal sound-form)

→ Middle Armenian: խարտալ (xartal)

desctree

→ Persian: خردل (xardal)
Tajik: хардал (xardal)
→ Azerbaijani: xardal
→ Hindustani:
Hindi: ख़र्दल (xardal)
Urdu: خردل (xardal)

→ Ottoman Turkish: خردل (hardal)

Turkish: hardal

→ Swahili: haradali

Uncertain, previous comparisons to an Akkadian source have been depreciated as uninformed readings; compare Hebrew חַרְדָּל (ḥardal), Jewish Palestinian Aramaic חרדלא (ḥardlā), Jewish Babylonian Aramaic חַרְדְּלָא (ḥardlā), Classical Syriac ܚܪܕܠܐ (ḥardlā), and potentially Akkadian 𒄷𒊏𒁺 (/ḫurādu/, “unidentified aromatic plant possibly in reference to mustard seeds; aromatic seed or spice mix”, literally “pebbles, little stones”); perhaps connected ultimately to Proto-Semitic *ḥaraθ- (“to sow, to plant seeds, to till, to plow, to cultivate”) or Sumerian 𒌑𒄯𒄯 (/ḫarḫar/, “unidentified plant yielding seeds used as a spice”) of uncertain provenance.

cog

ar:خردل (توضيح)


مداد

ar-noun

مَدَاد or مُدَّاد • (madād or muddād) m

مَدَاد (canonical)
مُدَّاد (canonical)
madād (romanization)
muddād (romanization)
مَدَاد (indefinite informal singular triptote)
مُدَّاد (indefinite informal singular triptote)
الْمَدَاد (definite informal singular triptote)
الْمُدَّاد (definite informal singular triptote)
مَدَاد (construct informal singular triptote)
مُدَّاد (construct informal singular triptote)
مَدَادٌ (indefinite nominative singular triptote)
مُدَّادٌ (indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الْمَدَادُ (definite nominative singular triptote)
الْمُدَّادُ (definite nominative singular triptote)
مَدَادُ (construct nominative singular triptote)
مُدَّادُ (construct nominative singular triptote)
مَدَادًا (accusative indefinite singular triptote)
مُدَّادًا (accusative indefinite singular triptote)
الْمَدَادَ (accusative definite singular triptote)
الْمُدَّادَ (accusative definite singular triptote)
مَدَادَ (accusative construct singular triptote)
مُدَّادَ (accusative construct singular triptote)
مَدَادٍ (genitive indefinite singular triptote)
مُدَّادٍ (genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الْمَدَادِ (definite genitive singular triptote)
الْمُدَّادِ (definite genitive singular triptote)
مَدَادِ (construct genitive singular triptote)
مُدَّادِ (construct genitive singular triptote)

From the root م د د (m-d-d), whence مَدَّ (madda, “to extend, stretch, spread out”).

Convolvulus arvensis
Convolvulus arvensis#Translingual


عدس

عَدَس (canonical)
ʕadas (romanization)
عَدَسَة (feminine singulative)
عَدَس (collective indefinite informal triptote)
الْعَدَس (collective definite informal triptote)
عَدَس (collective construct informal triptote)
عَدَسٌ (collective indefinite nominative triptote)
الْعَدَسُ (collective definite nominative triptote)
عَدَسُ (collective construct nominative triptote)
عَدَسًا (accusative collective indefinite triptote)
الْعَدَسَ (accusative collective definite triptote)
عَدَسَ (accusative collective construct triptote)
عَدَسٍ (collective genitive indefinite triptote)
الْعَدَسِ (collective definite genitive triptote)
عَدَسِ (collective construct genitive triptote)
عَدَسَة (ar-infl-a collective indefinite informal singulative triptote)
الْعَدَسَة (ar-infl-a collective definite informal singulative triptote)
عَدَسَة (ar-infl-a collective construct informal singulative triptote)
عَدَسَةٌ (ar-infl-a collective indefinite nominative singulative triptote)
الْعَدَسَةُ (ar-infl-a collective definite nominative singulative triptote)
عَدَسَةُ (ar-infl-a collective construct nominative singulative triptote)
عَدَسَةً (accusative ar-infl-a collective indefinite singulative triptote)
الْعَدَسَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a collective definite singulative triptote)
عَدَسَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a collective construct singulative triptote)
عَدَسَةٍ (ar-infl-a collective genitive indefinite singulative triptote)
الْعَدَسَةِ (ar-infl-a collective definite genitive singulative triptote)
عَدَسَةِ (ar-infl-a collective construct genitive singulative triptote)
عَدَسَتَيْن (ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite informal singulative triptote)
الْعَدَسَتَيْن (ar-infl-a collective definite dual informal singulative triptote)
عَدَسَتَيْ (ar-infl-a collective construct dual informal singulative triptote)
عَدَسَتَانِ (ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite nominative singulative triptote)
الْعَدَسَتَانِ (ar-infl-a collective definite dual nominative singulative triptote)
عَدَسَتَا (ar-infl-a collective construct dual nominative singulative triptote)
عَدَسَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite singulative triptote)
الْعَدَسَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a collective definite dual singulative triptote)
عَدَسَتَيْ (accusative ar-infl-a collective construct dual singulative triptote)
عَدَسَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a collective dual genitive indefinite singulative triptote)
الْعَدَسَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a collective definite dual genitive singulative triptote)
عَدَسَتَيْ (ar-infl-a collective construct dual genitive singulative triptote)
عَدَسَات (feminine indefinite informal paucal sound-form)
الْعَدَسَات (definite feminine informal paucal sound-form)
عَدَسَات (construct feminine informal paucal sound-form)
عَدَسَاتٌ (feminine indefinite nominative paucal sound-form)
الْعَدَسَاتُ (definite feminine nominative paucal sound-form)
عَدَسَاتُ (construct feminine nominative paucal sound-form)
عَدَسَاتٍ (accusative feminine indefinite paucal sound-form)
الْعَدَسَاتِ (accusative definite feminine paucal sound-form)
عَدَسَاتِ (accusative construct feminine paucal sound-form)
عَدَسَاتٍ (feminine genitive indefinite paucal sound-form)
الْعَدَسَاتِ (definite feminine genitive paucal sound-form)
عَدَسَاتِ (construct feminine genitive paucal sound-form)

Akin to Hebrew עֲדָשָׁה (ʿăḏāšā́), Ugaritic 𐎓𐎄𐎌 (ʿadašu, “lentil”), Akkadian 𒂊𒁲𒋳 (edešu, “bud, sprout”), and Arabic عَلَس (ʕalas, “emmer”). From Proto-Semitic *ʕadaš-, cognate with Proto-Central Chadic *HVdas- (“seed”), Bacama/Bata [Term?] (ḍàsì-to).

cog

Hebrew עֲדָשָׁה (ʿăḏāšā́)


أناناس

أَنَانَاس (canonical)
ʔanānās (romanization)
أَنَانَاسَة (feminine singulative)
أَنَانَاس (indefinite informal singular triptote)
الْأَنَانَاس (definite informal singular triptote)
أَنَانَاس (construct informal singular triptote)
أَنَانَاسٌ (indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الْأَنَانَاسُ (definite nominative singular triptote)
أَنَانَاسُ (construct nominative singular triptote)
أَنَانَاسًا (accusative indefinite singular triptote)
الْأَنَانَاسَ (accusative definite singular triptote)
أَنَانَاسَ (accusative construct singular triptote)
أَنَانَاسٍ (genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الْأَنَانَاسِ (definite genitive singular triptote)
أَنَانَاسِ (construct genitive singular triptote)


سوس

ar-verb

سَوِسَ • (sawisa) I (non-past يَسْوَسُ (yaswasu), verbal noun سَوَس (sawas))

سَوِسَ (canonical)
sawisa (romanization)
يَسْوَسُ (non-past)
سَوَس (noun-from-verb)
سَوَس (noun-from-verb)
أَسْوَس (active participle)
سَوِسْتُ (active first-person indicative masculine past perfective singular)
سَوِسْتَ (active indicative masculine past perfective second-person singular)
سَوِسَ (active indicative masculine past perfective singular third-person)
سَوِسْتُمَا (active dual indicative masculine past perfective second-person)
سَوِسَا (active dual indicative masculine past perfective third-person)
سَوِسْنَا (active first-person indicative masculine past perfective plural)
سَوِسْتُمْ (active indicative masculine past perfective plural second-person)
سَوِسُوا (active indicative masculine past perfective plural third-person)
سَوِسْتُ (active feminine first-person indicative past perfective singular)
سَوِسْتِ (active feminine indicative past perfective second-person singular)
سَوِسَتْ (active feminine indicative past perfective singular third-person)
سَوِسْتُمَا (active dual feminine indicative past perfective second-person)
سَوِسَتَا (active dual feminine indicative past perfective third-person)
سَوِسْنَا (active feminine first-person indicative past perfective plural)
سَوِسْتُنَّ (active feminine indicative past perfective plural second-person)
سَوِسْنَ (active feminine indicative past perfective plural third-person)
أَسْوَسُ (active first-person imperfective indicative masculine non-past singular)
تَسْوَسُ (active imperfective indicative masculine non-past second-person singular)
يَسْوَسُ (active imperfective indicative masculine non-past singular third-person)
تَسْوَسَانِ (active dual imperfective indicative masculine non-past second-person)
يَسْوَسَانِ (active dual imperfective indicative masculine non-past third-person)
نَسْوَسُ (active first-person imperfective indicative masculine non-past plural)
تَسْوَسُونَ (active imperfective indicative masculine non-past plural second-person)
يَسْوَسُونَ (active imperfective indicative masculine non-past plural third-person)
أَسْوَسُ (active feminine first-person imperfective indicative non-past singular)
تَسْوَسِينَ (active feminine imperfective indicative non-past second-person singular)
تَسْوَسُ (active feminine imperfective indicative non-past singular third-person)
تَسْوَسَانِ (active dual feminine imperfective indicative non-past second-person)
تَسْوَسَانِ (active dual feminine imperfective indicative non-past third-person)
نَسْوَسُ (active feminine first-person imperfective indicative non-past plural)
تَسْوَسْنَ (active feminine imperfective indicative non-past plural second-person)
يَسْوَسْنَ (active feminine imperfective indicative non-past plural third-person)
أَسْوَسَ (active first-person masculine singular subjunctive)
تَسْوَسَ (active masculine second-person singular subjunctive)
يَسْوَسَ (active masculine singular subjunctive third-person)
تَسْوَسَا (active dual masculine second-person subjunctive)
يَسْوَسَا (active dual masculine subjunctive third-person)
نَسْوَسَ (active first-person masculine plural subjunctive)
تَسْوَسُوا (active masculine plural second-person subjunctive)
يَسْوَسُوا (active masculine plural subjunctive third-person)
أَسْوَسَ (active feminine first-person singular subjunctive)
تَسْوَسِي (active feminine second-person singular subjunctive)
تَسْوَسَ (active feminine singular subjunctive third-person)
تَسْوَسَا (active dual feminine second-person subjunctive)
تَسْوَسَا (active dual feminine subjunctive third-person)
نَسْوَسَ (active feminine first-person plural subjunctive)
تَسْوَسْنَ (active feminine plural second-person subjunctive)
يَسْوَسْنَ (active feminine plural subjunctive third-person)
أَسْوَسْ (active first-person jussive masculine singular)
تَسْوَسْ (active jussive masculine second-person singular)
يَسْوَسْ (active jussive masculine singular third-person)
تَسْوَسَا (active dual jussive masculine second-person)
يَسْوَسَا (active dual jussive masculine third-person)
نَسْوَسْ (active first-person jussive masculine plural)
تَسْوَسُوا (active jussive masculine plural second-person)
يَسْوَسُوا (active jussive masculine plural third-person)
أَسْوَسْ (active feminine first-person jussive singular)
تَسْوَسِي (active feminine jussive second-person singular)
تَسْوَسْ (active feminine jussive singular third-person)
تَسْوَسَا (active dual feminine jussive second-person)
تَسْوَسَا (active dual feminine jussive third-person)
نَسْوَسْ (active feminine first-person jussive plural)
تَسْوَسْنَ (active feminine jussive plural second-person)
يَسْوَسْنَ (active feminine jussive plural third-person)
اِسْوَسْ (active imperative masculine second-person singular)
اِسْوَسَا (active dual imperative masculine second-person)
اِسْوَسُوا (active imperative masculine plural second-person)
اِسْوَسِي (active feminine imperative second-person singular)
اِسْوَسَا (active dual feminine imperative second-person)
اِسْوَسْنَ (active feminine imperative plural second-person)

ar:سوس (قراديات)
ar:عرق سوس

Typically declared as inherited from Proto-Semitic *sūs- (“moth; insect especially one that bites or chews up materials”), from Proto-Afroasiatic *suʔw- (“a kind of insect”), cognates with Akkadian 𒌨𒈨 (sāsum, “moth; biting insect”), Jewish Babylonian Aramaic ססא (sāsā), Hebrew סָס (sās), Classical Syriac ܣܣܐ (sāsā), and often also Ge'ez ፃፄ (ṣ́aṣ́e, “moth, worm”), ጻጹት (ṣaṣut, “gnat; red ant”), akin to Amharic ጭጫት (č̣əč̣at), ጨጫት (č̣äč̣at), ጬጫ (č̣eč̣a), ጭጫን (č̣əč̣an), ጬጫን (č̣eč̣an, “ant or a type of ant”), Tigrinya ሺሾ (šišo, “colony of ants or termites; large black ant with painful bite”), Tigre ሻሽንቴ (šašənte, “ants”).
Aramaic borrowing into Arabic is at least possible if one espouses a phonologic value /ɔː/ for ā in ancient Ḥijāzi dialects of Arabic, that later merged into /uː/ in the standard, as assumed for قَيُّوم (qayyūm) and جَار (jār). The proposed Proto-Semitic shape, whether it be *sūs-, or *sās-, two identical consonants connected by a long vowel forming the noun’s stem, strains credibility, and the same authors imagine legitimate ancestry of نُون (nūn, unknown meaning) and تُوت (tūt, “mulberry”). In comparison, the moth term also appears loaned in Ancient Greek σής (sḗs) and Old Armenian ցեց (cʻecʻ).

cog

(intransitive) to be gnawed, to be eaten away, to be rotten (especially by moth-worms or weevils)


أرز

أَرْز (canonical)
ʔarz (romanization)
أَرْزَة (feminine singulative)
أَرْز (collective indefinite informal triptote)
الْأَرْز (collective definite informal triptote)
أَرْز (collective construct informal triptote)
أَرْزٌ (collective indefinite nominative triptote)
الْأَرْزُ (collective definite nominative triptote)
أَرْزُ (collective construct nominative triptote)
أَرْزًا (accusative collective indefinite triptote)
الْأَرْزَ (accusative collective definite triptote)
أَرْزَ (accusative collective construct triptote)
أَرْزٍ (collective genitive indefinite triptote)
الْأَرْزِ (collective definite genitive triptote)
أَرْزِ (collective construct genitive triptote)
أَرْزَة (ar-infl-a collective indefinite informal singulative triptote)
الْأَرْزَة (ar-infl-a collective definite informal singulative triptote)
أَرْزَة (ar-infl-a collective construct informal singulative triptote)
أَرْزَةٌ (ar-infl-a collective indefinite nominative singulative triptote)
الْأَرْزَةُ (ar-infl-a collective definite nominative singulative triptote)
أَرْزَةُ (ar-infl-a collective construct nominative singulative triptote)
أَرْزَةً (accusative ar-infl-a collective indefinite singulative triptote)
الْأَرْزَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a collective definite singulative triptote)
أَرْزَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a collective construct singulative triptote)
أَرْزَةٍ (ar-infl-a collective genitive indefinite singulative triptote)
الْأَرْزَةِ (ar-infl-a collective definite genitive singulative triptote)
أَرْزَةِ (ar-infl-a collective construct genitive singulative triptote)
أَرْزَتَيْن (ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite informal singulative triptote)
الْأَرْزَتَيْن (ar-infl-a collective definite dual informal singulative triptote)
أَرْزَتَيْ (ar-infl-a collective construct dual informal singulative triptote)
أَرْزَتَانِ (ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite nominative singulative triptote)
الْأَرْزَتَانِ (ar-infl-a collective definite dual nominative singulative triptote)
أَرْزَتَا (ar-infl-a collective construct dual nominative singulative triptote)
أَرْزَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite singulative triptote)
الْأَرْزَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a collective definite dual singulative triptote)
أَرْزَتَيْ (accusative ar-infl-a collective construct dual singulative triptote)
أَرْزَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a collective dual genitive indefinite singulative triptote)
الْأَرْزَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a collective definite dual genitive singulative triptote)
أَرْزَتَيْ (ar-infl-a collective construct dual genitive singulative triptote)
أَرْزَات (feminine indefinite informal paucal sound-form)
الْأَرْزَات (definite feminine informal paucal sound-form)
أَرْزَات (construct feminine informal paucal sound-form)
أَرْزَاتٌ (feminine indefinite nominative paucal sound-form)
الْأَرْزَاتُ (definite feminine nominative paucal sound-form)
أَرْزَاتُ (construct feminine nominative paucal sound-form)
أَرْزَاتٍ (accusative feminine indefinite paucal sound-form)
الْأَرْزَاتِ (accusative definite feminine paucal sound-form)
أَرْزَاتِ (accusative construct feminine paucal sound-form)
أَرْزَاتٍ (feminine genitive indefinite paucal sound-form)
الْأَرْزَاتِ (definite feminine genitive paucal sound-form)
أَرْزَاتِ (construct feminine genitive paucal sound-form)

The tree is native to the region north of Israel and Judea. Borrowed into Arabic and Ge'ez አርዝ (ʾärz) and before the pertinent vowel change into Hebrew אֶרֶז (ʾérez, “cedar”) from Aramaic אַרְזָא / ܐܪܙܐ (ʾarzā, “cedar”), also found in Ugaritic 𐎀𐎗𐎇 (ảrz, “cedar”), continuing Akkadian 𒄑𒂞 (^(GIŠ)ERIN /erēnu, erinnu/) from Sumerian 𒄑𒂞 (^(GIŠ)ERIN /eren/), which also passed into Hittite 𒄑𒂞 (^(GIŠ)ERIN /herin(a)-/, “cedar”) and also Hurrian 𒄑𒂊𒊑𒅎𒁉 (^(GIŠ)e-ri-im-bi /erimbi/), 𒄑𒂊𒊑𒁉 (^(GIŠ)e-ri-bi /eribi/, “cedar”) and thence back into a Hittite alternative form. While Rabin argues for a Hittite origin of the word, the form ʾarz recalls Proto-Iranian *hampr̥sā (“juniper”), which is not remote in meaning – Ancient Greek κέδρος (kédros) also means both cedar and juniper.

bor

Aramaic אַרְזָא

cog

وأما غراسة الأرز وهو الذي يسمى السرول
قال هو نوعان أحدهما يشبه الطرفاء والآخر يشبه العرعر

c. 1200, يحيى بن محمد بن أحمد بن العوام [yaḥyā ibn muḥammad ibn ʔaḥmad ibn al-ʕawwām], edited by José Antonio Banqueri, كتاب الفلاحة [Book on Agriculture], volume 1, Madrid: Imprenta Real, published 1802ᴵᴬ, Cap. 7, Art. 22, page 287:

About the planting of the cedar which is called cypress
there are two kinds, one resembles the tamarisk and the other resembles the juniper.

وقال غيره يتخذ لها الخلايا من خشب الأرز ومن طين طيب الريح وتطين الخلايا من خارجها برماد وأخثاء البقر مدقوق معجون بالماء ويتخذ لها بعض الناس الخلايا من قشور الشبر وتسميه العامة «جناحا»

c. 1200, يحيى بن محمد بن أحمد بن العوام [yaḥyā ibn muḥammad ibn ʔaḥmad ibn al-ʕawwām], edited by José Antonio Banqueri, كتاب الفلاحة [Book on Agriculture], volume 2, Madrid: Imprenta Real, published 1802ᴵᴬ, Cap. 34, Art. 6, pages 721–722:

And another author said that for beehives cedar wood and clay of good smell is taken and the beehives are daubed from the outside with ash and cow dung powdered and kneaded with water, and some people take for beehives the barks of the cork oak, generally called “wings”.


زهرة

ar-proper noun

زَهْرَة • (zahra) f

زَهْرَة (canonical)
zahra (romanization)
زَهْرَة (ar-infl-a definite diptote informal singular)
زَهْرَةُ (ar-infl-a definite diptote nominative singular)
زَهْرَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a definite diptote singular)
زَهْرَةَ (ar-infl-a definite diptote genitive singular)


عجلة

ar-noun

عَجَلَة • (ʕajala) f (plural عَجَلَات (ʕajalāt))

عَجَلَة (canonical)
ʕajala (romanization)
عَجَلَات (plural)
عَجَلَة (ar-infl-a indefinite informal singular triptote)
الْعَجَلَة (ar-infl-a definite informal singular triptote)
عَجَلَة (ar-infl-a construct informal singular triptote)
عَجَلَةٌ (ar-infl-a indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الْعَجَلَةُ (ar-infl-a definite nominative singular triptote)
عَجَلَةُ (ar-infl-a construct nominative singular triptote)
عَجَلَةً (accusative ar-infl-a indefinite singular triptote)
الْعَجَلَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a definite singular triptote)
عَجَلَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a construct singular triptote)
عَجَلَةٍ (ar-infl-a genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الْعَجَلَةِ (ar-infl-a definite genitive singular triptote)
عَجَلَةِ (ar-infl-a construct genitive singular triptote)
عَجَلَتَيْن (ar-infl-a dual indefinite informal singular triptote)
الْعَجَلَتَيْن (ar-infl-a definite dual informal singular triptote)
عَجَلَتَيْ (ar-infl-a construct dual informal singular triptote)
عَجَلَتَانِ (ar-infl-a dual indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الْعَجَلَتَانِ (ar-infl-a definite dual nominative singular triptote)
عَجَلَتَا (ar-infl-a construct dual nominative singular triptote)
عَجَلَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a dual indefinite singular triptote)
الْعَجَلَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a definite dual singular triptote)
عَجَلَتَيْ (accusative ar-infl-a construct dual singular triptote)
عَجَلَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a dual genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الْعَجَلَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a definite dual genitive singular triptote)
عَجَلَتَيْ (ar-infl-a construct dual genitive singular triptote)
عَجَلَات (feminine indefinite informal plural sound-form)
الْعَجَلَات (definite feminine informal plural sound-form)
عَجَلَات (construct feminine informal plural sound-form)
عَجَلَاتٌ (feminine indefinite nominative plural sound-form)
الْعَجَلَاتُ (definite feminine nominative plural sound-form)
عَجَلَاتُ (construct feminine nominative plural sound-form)
عَجَلَاتٍ (accusative feminine indefinite plural sound-form)
الْعَجَلَاتِ (accusative definite feminine plural sound-form)
عَجَلَاتِ (accusative construct feminine plural sound-form)
عَجَلَاتٍ (feminine genitive indefinite plural sound-form)
الْعَجَلَاتِ (definite feminine genitive plural sound-form)
عَجَلَاتِ (construct feminine genitive plural sound-form)

Maltese: għaġla

→ Armenian: աջալա (aǰala)

→ Turkish: acele

At least for the abstract senses, verbal noun of عَجِلَ (ʕajila, “to hurry”).
Compare also Hebrew עגלה (agalá, “carriage, cart”).


حلم

حَلَم (canonical)
ḥalam (romanization)
حَلَمَة (feminine singulative)
حَلَم (collective indefinite informal triptote)
الْحَلَم (collective definite informal triptote)
حَلَم (collective construct informal triptote)
حَلَمٌ (collective indefinite nominative triptote)
الْحَلَمُ (collective definite nominative triptote)
حَلَمُ (collective construct nominative triptote)
حَلَمًا (accusative collective indefinite triptote)
الْحَلَمَ (accusative collective definite triptote)
حَلَمَ (accusative collective construct triptote)
حَلَمٍ (collective genitive indefinite triptote)
الْحَلَمِ (collective definite genitive triptote)
حَلَمِ (collective construct genitive triptote)
حَلَمَة (ar-infl-a collective indefinite informal singulative triptote)
الْحَلَمَة (ar-infl-a collective definite informal singulative triptote)
حَلَمَة (ar-infl-a collective construct informal singulative triptote)
حَلَمَةٌ (ar-infl-a collective indefinite nominative singulative triptote)
الْحَلَمَةُ (ar-infl-a collective definite nominative singulative triptote)
حَلَمَةُ (ar-infl-a collective construct nominative singulative triptote)
حَلَمَةً (accusative ar-infl-a collective indefinite singulative triptote)
الْحَلَمَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a collective definite singulative triptote)
حَلَمَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a collective construct singulative triptote)
حَلَمَةٍ (ar-infl-a collective genitive indefinite singulative triptote)
الْحَلَمَةِ (ar-infl-a collective definite genitive singulative triptote)
حَلَمَةِ (ar-infl-a collective construct genitive singulative triptote)
حَلَمَتَيْن (ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite informal singulative triptote)
الْحَلَمَتَيْن (ar-infl-a collective definite dual informal singulative triptote)
حَلَمَتَيْ (ar-infl-a collective construct dual informal singulative triptote)
حَلَمَتَانِ (ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite nominative singulative triptote)
الْحَلَمَتَانِ (ar-infl-a collective definite dual nominative singulative triptote)
حَلَمَتَا (ar-infl-a collective construct dual nominative singulative triptote)
حَلَمَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite singulative triptote)
الْحَلَمَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a collective definite dual singulative triptote)
حَلَمَتَيْ (accusative ar-infl-a collective construct dual singulative triptote)
حَلَمَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a collective dual genitive indefinite singulative triptote)
الْحَلَمَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a collective definite dual genitive singulative triptote)
حَلَمَتَيْ (ar-infl-a collective construct dual genitive singulative triptote)
حَلَمَات (feminine indefinite informal paucal sound-form)
الْحَلَمَات (definite feminine informal paucal sound-form)
حَلَمَات (construct feminine informal paucal sound-form)
حَلَمَاتٌ (feminine indefinite nominative paucal sound-form)
الْحَلَمَاتُ (definite feminine nominative paucal sound-form)
حَلَمَاتُ (construct feminine nominative paucal sound-form)
حَلَمَاتٍ (accusative feminine indefinite paucal sound-form)
الْحَلَمَاتِ (accusative definite feminine paucal sound-form)
حَلَمَاتِ (accusative construct feminine paucal sound-form)
حَلَمَاتٍ (feminine genitive indefinite paucal sound-form)
الْحَلَمَاتِ (definite feminine genitive paucal sound-form)
حَلَمَاتِ (construct feminine genitive paucal sound-form)

Root
 ح ل م (ḥ l m)
 0 terms
Akin to Aramaic חֶלְמָא (ḥelmā), Classical Syriac ܚܠܡܐ (ḥelmā), Hebrew חֲלוֹם (khalóm), Ugaritic 𐎈𐎍𐎎 (ḥlm). For the significations of the root in Arabic, compare م ن ي (m-n-y), whence أُمْنِيَة (ʔumniya, “a wish”) and مَنِيّ (maniyy, “a fluid considered conceptive; semen”).

حُلَيْمِيّ

حُلَيْمَة (ḥulayma)

callous-leaved gromwell (Moltkiopsis ciliata)


عود

عُود • (ʕūd) m (plural أَعْوَاد (ʔaʕwād) or عِيدَان (ʕīdān))

عُود (canonical)
ʕūd (romanization)
أَعْوَاد (plural)
عِيدَان (plural)
عُود (indefinite informal singular triptote)
الْعُود (definite informal singular triptote)
عُود (construct informal singular triptote)
عُودٌ (indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الْعُودُ (definite nominative singular triptote)
عُودُ (construct nominative singular triptote)
عُودًا (accusative indefinite singular triptote)
الْعُودَ (accusative definite singular triptote)
عُودَ (accusative construct singular triptote)
عُودٍ (genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الْعُودِ (definite genitive singular triptote)
عُودِ (construct genitive singular triptote)
عُودَيْن (dual indefinite informal singular triptote)
الْعُودَيْن (definite dual informal singular triptote)
عُودَيْ (construct dual informal singular triptote)
عُودَانِ (dual indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الْعُودَانِ (definite dual nominative singular triptote)
عُودَا (construct dual nominative singular triptote)
عُودَيْنِ (accusative dual indefinite singular triptote)
الْعُودَيْنِ (accusative definite dual singular triptote)
عُودَيْ (accusative construct dual singular triptote)
عُودَيْنِ (dual genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الْعُودَيْنِ (definite dual genitive singular triptote)
عُودَيْ (construct dual genitive singular triptote)
أَعْوَاد (broken-form indefinite informal plural triptote)
عِيدَان (broken-form indefinite informal plural triptote)
الْأَعْوَاد (broken-form definite informal plural triptote)
الْعِيدَان (broken-form definite informal plural triptote)
أَعْوَاد (broken-form construct informal plural triptote)
عِيدَان (broken-form construct informal plural triptote)
أَعْوَادٌ (broken-form indefinite nominative plural triptote)
عِيدَانٌ (broken-form indefinite nominative plural triptote)
الْأَعْوَادُ (broken-form definite nominative plural triptote)
الْعِيدَانُ (broken-form definite nominative plural triptote)
أَعْوَادُ (broken-form construct nominative plural triptote)
عِيدَانُ (broken-form construct nominative plural triptote)
أَعْوَادًا (accusative broken-form indefinite plural triptote)
عِيدَانًا (accusative broken-form indefinite plural triptote)
الْأَعْوَادَ (accusative broken-form definite plural triptote)
الْعِيدَانَ (accusative broken-form definite plural triptote)
أَعْوَادَ (accusative broken-form construct plural triptote)
عِيدَانَ (accusative broken-form construct plural triptote)
أَعْوَادٍ (broken-form genitive indefinite plural triptote)
عِيدَانٍ (broken-form genitive indefinite plural triptote)
الْأَعْوَادِ (broken-form definite genitive plural triptote)
الْعِيدَانِ (broken-form definite genitive plural triptote)
أَعْوَادِ (broken-form construct genitive plural triptote)
عِيدَانِ (broken-form construct genitive plural triptote)

Maltese: għuda

→ Azerbaijani: ud

→ English: oud

→ Ottoman Turkish: عود (ʿūd)

> Turkish: ud, ut (inherited)

→ Persian: عود ('ud)

→ Old Occitan: laüt
Occitan: laüt

→ Portuguese: alaúde

→ Spanish: laúd

→ Swahili: udi

→ Uyghur: ئۇد (ud)

→ Uzbek: ud

Root
 ع و د (ʕ w d)
 0 termsFrom عَادَ (ʕāda, “to return, to turn back”) in the sense of a branch or other slender piece of wood being flexible.
The sense “oud, lute” can be understood as a Middle Persian [script needed] (lwt' /rōd/, “string; stringed instrument; barbat”) (> Persian رود (rud)), compare like liquid rebracketing in عَسْكَر (ʕaskar) and أَنْجَر (ʔanjar).
The instrument sense of the word then stands as an Arabic version of the Persian بربط (barbat), that featured a smaller more curved neck with greater tension, as well as a larger rounded belly created from steam-bent strips of wood. The Barbat was carved from one solid piece of wood, the larger size of the oud's belly was something not previously possible before the further development of using hot moisture to aid in bending thin strips. This characteristic technique became the traditional source of the instruments name; for more see Oud and Barbat.
However there is a cognate instrument Ugaritic 𐎓𐎄 (ʿd, “lute, an instrument”) 1000's of years prior to this, identified as an early chordophone with connection to the Sumerian 𒄑𒅗𒌣 (^(GEŠ)gu₃.de₂, “instruments in general, a lute”, literally “wood that has voice”) This precursor to ouds and guitars was constructed of strings laid on a wood-staff that ran through the whole body of the instrument attached to a simple drum-like resonating body; as strings of lyres and drums were used prior, the distinguishing feature was this wooden rod.

der

عود شجرة تنبت في جزائر بحر الهند عروقها تقلع وتدفن في الأرض حتى تتعفن منها الحشية فيبقى العود الخالص قال شيخ الرئيس مضعة يطيب النكهة وينفع الدماغ جدَّا ويقوّي الحواسّ والقلب ويفرحه وتدخينه بالسكر طيب جدَّا والسكر يقوّي رائحته وشراب العود طارد للرياح المؤلمة.

Jacob, Georg (1892) Studien in arabischen Geographen (in German), volume 4, Berlin: Meyer & Müller, pages 159–160

Agalloch is a tree that grows in islands of the Indian sea and its roots are extracted and buried in the earth until they rot, of it one makes a stuffing and it stays pure, Šayḵ ar-Raʾīs says that a bit of it already is of nice smell and assists the brain in a serious extent and strengthens the senses and the heart and rejoices it and when smoked with sugar it is also very nice, sugar strengthens its smell and the syrup of agalloch expectorates doloriferous winds.

aloe, agarwood, any plant with high moisture content


كركديه

ar-noun

كَرْكَدِيه • (karkadīh) m

كَرْكَدِيه (canonical)
karkadīh (romanization)
كَرْكَدِيه (indefinite informal singular triptote)
الْكَرْكَدِيه (definite informal singular triptote)
كَرْكَدِيه (construct informal singular triptote)
كَرْكَدِيهٌ (indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الْكَرْكَدِيهُ (definite nominative singular triptote)
كَرْكَدِيهُ (construct nominative singular triptote)
كَرْكَدِيهًا (accusative indefinite singular triptote)
الْكَرْكَدِيهَ (accusative definite singular triptote)
كَرْكَدِيهَ (accusative construct singular triptote)
كَرْكَدِيهٍ (genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الْكَرْكَدِيهِ (definite genitive singular triptote)
كَرْكَدِيهِ (construct genitive singular triptote)

Hibiscus sabdariffa
Hibiscus sabdariffa#Translingual

roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa, and Hibiscus in general)


بسر

بُسْر (canonical)
busr (romanization)
بُسْرَة (feminine singulative)
بِسَار (plural)
بُسْر (collective indefinite informal triptote)
الْبُسْر (collective definite informal triptote)
بُسْر (collective construct informal triptote)
بُسْرٌ (collective indefinite nominative triptote)
الْبُسْرُ (collective definite nominative triptote)
بُسْرُ (collective construct nominative triptote)
بُسْرًا (accusative collective indefinite triptote)
الْبُسْرَ (accusative collective definite triptote)
بُسْرَ (accusative collective construct triptote)
بُسْرٍ (collective genitive indefinite triptote)
الْبُسْرِ (collective definite genitive triptote)
بُسْرِ (collective construct genitive triptote)
بُسْرَة (ar-infl-a collective indefinite informal singulative triptote)
الْبُسْرَة (ar-infl-a collective definite informal singulative triptote)
بُسْرَة (ar-infl-a collective construct informal singulative triptote)
بُسْرَةٌ (ar-infl-a collective indefinite nominative singulative triptote)
الْبُسْرَةُ (ar-infl-a collective definite nominative singulative triptote)
بُسْرَةُ (ar-infl-a collective construct nominative singulative triptote)
بُسْرَةً (accusative ar-infl-a collective indefinite singulative triptote)
الْبُسْرَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a collective definite singulative triptote)
بُسْرَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a collective construct singulative triptote)
بُسْرَةٍ (ar-infl-a collective genitive indefinite singulative triptote)
الْبُسْرَةِ (ar-infl-a collective definite genitive singulative triptote)
بُسْرَةِ (ar-infl-a collective construct genitive singulative triptote)
بُسْرَتَيْن (ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite informal singulative triptote)
الْبُسْرَتَيْن (ar-infl-a collective definite dual informal singulative triptote)
بُسْرَتَيْ (ar-infl-a collective construct dual informal singulative triptote)
بُسْرَتَانِ (ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite nominative singulative triptote)
الْبُسْرَتَانِ (ar-infl-a collective definite dual nominative singulative triptote)
بُسْرَتَا (ar-infl-a collective construct dual nominative singulative triptote)
بُسْرَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite singulative triptote)
الْبُسْرَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a collective definite dual singulative triptote)
بُسْرَتَيْ (accusative ar-infl-a collective construct dual singulative triptote)
بُسْرَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a collective dual genitive indefinite singulative triptote)
الْبُسْرَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a collective definite dual genitive singulative triptote)
بُسْرَتَيْ (ar-infl-a collective construct dual genitive singulative triptote)
بُسْرَات (feminine indefinite informal paucal sound-form)
الْبُسْرَات (definite feminine informal paucal sound-form)
بُسْرَات (construct feminine informal paucal sound-form)
بُسْرَاتٌ (feminine indefinite nominative paucal sound-form)
الْبُسْرَاتُ (definite feminine nominative paucal sound-form)
بُسْرَاتُ (construct feminine nominative paucal sound-form)
بُسْرَاتٍ (accusative feminine indefinite paucal sound-form)
الْبُسْرَاتِ (accusative definite feminine paucal sound-form)
بُسْرَاتِ (accusative construct feminine paucal sound-form)
بُسْرَاتٍ (feminine genitive indefinite paucal sound-form)
الْبُسْرَاتِ (definite feminine genitive paucal sound-form)
بُسْرَاتِ (construct feminine genitive paucal sound-form)
بِسَار (broken-form feminine indefinite informal paucal plural sound-form triptote)
الْبِسَار (broken-form definite feminine informal paucal plural sound-form triptote)
بِسَار (broken-form construct feminine informal paucal plural sound-form triptote)
بِسَارٌ (broken-form feminine indefinite nominative paucal plural sound-form triptote)
الْبِسَارُ (broken-form definite feminine nominative paucal plural sound-form triptote)
بِسَارُ (broken-form construct feminine nominative paucal plural sound-form triptote)
بِسَارًا (accusative broken-form feminine indefinite paucal plural sound-form triptote)
الْبِسَارَ (accusative broken-form definite feminine paucal plural sound-form triptote)
بِسَارَ (accusative broken-form construct feminine paucal plural sound-form triptote)
بِسَارٍ (broken-form feminine genitive indefinite paucal plural sound-form triptote)
الْبِسَارِ (broken-form definite feminine genitive paucal plural sound-form triptote)
بِسَارِ (broken-form construct feminine genitive paucal plural sound-form triptote)

Root
 ب س ر (b s r)
 0 terms
Compare for the “unripe date” meaning Classical Syriac ܒܣܪܐ (*busrā, “unripe grape”), Jewish Babylonian Aramaic בֻּסְרָא (busrā), בּוּסְרָא (busrā, “unripe grape”), Hebrew בֹּסֶר (boser, “unripe grape”), Harsusi béser (“unripe dates”), Soqotri bišreh (“dwarf palm”).

cog

أما العليق فمعروف وأما الورد الجبلي وورد الكلب وهو المعروف عند أهل الطب بالنسرين قال أبو حنيفة الورد الجبلي يشبه الورد ويشبه ذلك بعض سنة العليق وثمره شبيه العنب الدليك وهو أحمر يشبه البسر إلا أن طرفه محدود وفي داخله شبه الصوف ونواره نوار الورد أبيض يشوبه حمرة

c. 1200, يحيى بن محمد بن أحمد بن العوام [yaḥyā ibn muḥammad ibn ʔaḥmad ibn al-ʕawwām], edited by José Antonio Banqueri, كتاب الفلاحة [Book on Agriculture], volume 1, Madrid: Imprenta Real, published 1802ᴵᴬ, Cap. 7, Art. 54, pages 403–404:

In what concerns the bramble, it is well known, and in what concerns the mountain-rose and the dog-rose, it is well-known with the physicians as nisrīn; Abū Ḥanīfa said the mountain-rose resembles the rose and this resembles a bit the image of the bramble, and the fruit is similar to the dust-vine, it is red and resembles the unripe date, except that its tip is pointed, and in its inner there is a kind of wool, and its blossom is a white rose blossom with an admixture of red.


كمون

ar-noun

كَمُّون • (kammūn) m

كَمُّون (canonical)
kammūn (romanization)
كَمُّون (indefinite informal singular triptote)
الْكَمُّون (definite informal singular triptote)
كَمُّون (construct informal singular triptote)
كَمُّونٌ (indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الْكَمُّونُ (definite nominative singular triptote)
كَمُّونُ (construct nominative singular triptote)
كَمُّونًا (accusative indefinite singular triptote)
الْكَمُّونَ (accusative definite singular triptote)
كَمُّونَ (accusative construct singular triptote)
كَمُّونٍ (genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الْكَمُّونِ (definite genitive singular triptote)
كَمُّونِ (construct genitive singular triptote)

desc

→ Middle Armenian: քամոն (kʻamon), քամուն (kʻamun)

desctree

→ Ottoman Turkish: كمیون (kimyon), كمنون (kimnun)
Turkish: kimyon
→ Armenian: քիմիոն (kʻimion), քիմոն (kʻimon), քեմոն (kʻemon), քիմեոն (kʻimeon), քէմոն (kʻēmon), քիմեօն (kʻimeōn) — traditional orthography
→ Bulgarian: кимио́н (kimión)
→ Macedonian: кимион (kimion)
→ Romanian: chimion

⇒ Portuguese: alcomonia, alcamonia

From Aramaic כַּמֹּונָֹא / ܩܰܡܽܘܢܳܐ (kammōnā, “cumin”), from Akkadian 𒌑𒁷𒊺𒉪 (Ú.GAMUN /kamūnu/, “cumin”). Note also Old Armenian չաման (čʻaman).

bor

Aramaic כַּמֹּונָֹא

der

Cuminum cyminum
Cuminum cyminum#Translingual


غار

ar:غار (نبات)

غَار (canonical)
ḡār (romanization)
غَارَة (feminine singulative)
غَار (collective indefinite informal triptote)
الْغَار (collective definite informal triptote)
غَار (collective construct informal triptote)
غَارٌ (collective indefinite nominative triptote)
الْغَارُ (collective definite nominative triptote)
غَارُ (collective construct nominative triptote)
غَارًا (accusative collective indefinite triptote)
الْغَارَ (accusative collective definite triptote)
غَارَ (accusative collective construct triptote)
غَارٍ (collective genitive indefinite triptote)
الْغَارِ (collective definite genitive triptote)
غَارِ (collective construct genitive triptote)
غَارَة (ar-infl-a collective indefinite informal singulative triptote)
الْغَارَة (ar-infl-a collective definite informal singulative triptote)
غَارَة (ar-infl-a collective construct informal singulative triptote)
غَارَةٌ (ar-infl-a collective indefinite nominative singulative triptote)
الْغَارَةُ (ar-infl-a collective definite nominative singulative triptote)
غَارَةُ (ar-infl-a collective construct nominative singulative triptote)
غَارَةً (accusative ar-infl-a collective indefinite singulative triptote)
الْغَارَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a collective definite singulative triptote)
غَارَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a collective construct singulative triptote)
غَارَةٍ (ar-infl-a collective genitive indefinite singulative triptote)
الْغَارَةِ (ar-infl-a collective definite genitive singulative triptote)
غَارَةِ (ar-infl-a collective construct genitive singulative triptote)
غَارَتَيْن (ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite informal singulative triptote)
الْغَارَتَيْن (ar-infl-a collective definite dual informal singulative triptote)
غَارَتَيْ (ar-infl-a collective construct dual informal singulative triptote)
غَارَتَانِ (ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite nominative singulative triptote)
الْغَارَتَانِ (ar-infl-a collective definite dual nominative singulative triptote)
غَارَتَا (ar-infl-a collective construct dual nominative singulative triptote)
غَارَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite singulative triptote)
الْغَارَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a collective definite dual singulative triptote)
غَارَتَيْ (accusative ar-infl-a collective construct dual singulative triptote)
غَارَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a collective dual genitive indefinite singulative triptote)
الْغَارَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a collective definite dual genitive singulative triptote)
غَارَتَيْ (ar-infl-a collective construct dual genitive singulative triptote)
غَارَات (feminine indefinite informal paucal sound-form)
الْغَارَات (definite feminine informal paucal sound-form)
غَارَات (construct feminine informal paucal sound-form)
غَارَاتٌ (feminine indefinite nominative paucal sound-form)
الْغَارَاتُ (definite feminine nominative paucal sound-form)
غَارَاتُ (construct feminine nominative paucal sound-form)
غَارَاتٍ (accusative feminine indefinite paucal sound-form)
الْغَارَاتِ (accusative definite feminine paucal sound-form)
غَارَاتِ (accusative construct feminine paucal sound-form)
غَارَاتٍ (feminine genitive indefinite paucal sound-form)
الْغَارَاتِ (definite feminine genitive paucal sound-form)
غَارَاتِ (construct feminine genitive paucal sound-form)

If it is true that the bay laurel has dispersed over the Mediterranean regions from further west, be it Asia Minor or even Western Europe, then the Arabic plant name غَار (ḡār) has been borrowed in the earlier 1st millennium BC or before from Aramaic עָרָא / ܥܳܪܳܐ (ʿārā), also Hebrew עָר (ʿār), of the same meaning, the merger of /ʁ/ and /ʕ/ not having happened in Northwest Semitic yet—if not old enough to be ascribed to Proto-West Semitic unity.

Laurus nobilis
Laurus nobilis#Translingual

bay laurel (Laurus nobilis); laurel (Laurus gen.)


ميس

مَيْس (canonical)
mays (romanization)
مَيْس (indefinite informal singular triptote)
الْمَيْس (definite informal singular triptote)
مَيْس (construct informal singular triptote)
مَيْسٌ (indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الْمَيْسُ (definite nominative singular triptote)
مَيْسُ (construct nominative singular triptote)
مَيْسًا (accusative indefinite singular triptote)
الْمَيْسَ (accusative definite singular triptote)
مَيْسَ (accusative construct singular triptote)
مَيْسٍ (genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الْمَيْسِ (definite genitive singular triptote)
مَيْسِ (construct genitive singular triptote)

→ Spanish: almez, almeza

Borrowed from Aramaic מַיְשָׁא / ܡܰܝܫܳܐ (mayšā, “nettle tree”), from Akkadian 𒄑𒈩 (mēsum), from Sumerian 𒄑𒈩 (^(g̃eš)mes /mes/), apparently also the nettle tree, contrasted with 𒄑𒈩𒈣𒃶𒈾 (musukkannum, literally “mes from Makan”), a tree from the East used for wood, apparently sissoo (Dalbergia sissoo). In Hebrew, the former is found as מַיִשׁ (mayiš, “nettle tree”), the later as מְסֻכָּן (məsukkān).

bor

Aramaic מַיְשָׁא

Celtis australis
Celtis australis#Translingual

nettle tree, hackberry (Celtis gen. et spp., especially Celtis australis, but locally also Celtis caucasica)


كتم

كَتَم (canonical)
katam (romanization)
كَتَم (indefinite informal singular triptote)
الْكَتَم (definite informal singular triptote)
كَتَم (construct informal singular triptote)
كَتَمٌ (indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الْكَتَمُ (definite nominative singular triptote)
كَتَمُ (construct nominative singular triptote)
كَتَمًا (accusative indefinite singular triptote)
الْكَتَمَ (accusative definite singular triptote)
كَتَمَ (accusative construct singular triptote)
كَتَمٍ (genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الْكَتَمِ (definite genitive singular triptote)
كَتَمِ (construct genitive singular triptote)

A species of boxwood, Buxus dioica, used in Yemen with henna to dye hair reddish


زنجبيل

ar-noun

زَنْجَبِيل • (zanjabīl) m

زَنْجَبِيل (canonical)
zanjabīl (romanization)
زَنْجَبِيل (indefinite informal singular triptote)
الزَّنْجَبِيل (definite informal singular triptote)
زَنْجَبِيل (construct informal singular triptote)
زَنْجَبِيلٌ (indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الزَّنْجَبِيلُ (definite nominative singular triptote)
زَنْجَبِيلُ (construct nominative singular triptote)
زَنْجَبِيلًا (accusative indefinite singular triptote)
الزَّنْجَبِيلَ (accusative definite singular triptote)
زَنْجَبِيلَ (accusative construct singular triptote)
زَنْجَبِيلٍ (genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الزَّنْجَبِيلِ (definite genitive singular triptote)
زَنْجَبِيلِ (construct genitive singular triptote)

desc

→ Amharic: ዝንጅብል (zənǧəbəl), ዝንጅበል (zənǧəbäl), ዝንጅብር (zənǧəbər), ዝንጅበር (zənǧəbär)

→ Gurage:

Kistane: ጃንጅብል (ǧanǧəbəl)

Silt'e: ጃንጅብል (ǧanǧəbəl)

Wolane: ዝንጅብል (zənǧəbəl)

→ Hebrew: זַנְגְּבִיל (zangəḇī́l)

→ Hebrew: זַנְגְּבִיל (zangəḇī́l) (if not from Aramaic)

desctree

→ Persian: زنجبیل (zanjabil), زنجفیل (zanjafil) (dialectal)
→ Armenian: զանջաֆիլ (zanǰafil)
→ Azerbaijani: zəncəfil
→ Chagatai: زنجبیل
Uyghur: زەنجىۋىل (zenjiwil)
Uzbek: zanjabil
→ Georgian: ჯანჯაფილი (ǯanǯapili)
→ Kazakh: жанжабіл (janjabıl), занзабіл (zanzabıl)
→ Kurdish:
Northern Kurdish: zencefîl
Central Kurdish: زهنجهفیل (zencefîl)
→ Lezgi: сенжефил (senžefil)
→ Ottoman Turkish: زنجبیل (zencebil, zencefil), زنجفیل (zencefil)
Turkish: zencefil
→ Albanian: xhenxhefil
→ Armenian: զենճեֆիլ (zenčefil)
→ Bulgarian: джинджифи́л (džindžifíl)
→ Turkmen: zenjebil
→ Urdu: زنجبیل (zanjabīl)

→ Swahili: tangawizi

→ Bondei: sangaizi

→ Kamba: tangaisi

→ Taita: sangaizi

→ Tigre: ዝንጅብል (zənǧəbəl)

→ Tigrinya: ጅንጅብል (ǧənǧəbəl)

From Classical Syriac ܙܢܓܒܝܠ (zangabīl), ܙܢܓܒܝܪ (zangabīr), from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀲𑀺𑀁𑀕𑀺𑀯𑁂𑀭 (siṃgivera), 𑀲𑀺𑀁𑀕𑀯𑁂𑀭 (siṃgavera), from Sanskrit शृङ्गवेर (śṛṅgavera), from Old Tamil 𑀇𑀜𑁆𑀘𑀺 (iñci, “ginger”) + 𑀯𑁂𑀭𑁆 (vēr, “root”).

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وَيُسْقَوْنَ فِيهَا كَأْسًا كَانَ مِزَاجُهَا زَنْجَبِيلًا

And they will be provided to drink a cup, the flavour/mixture of which is ginger.

wayusqawna fīhā kaʔsan kāna mizājuhā zanjabīlan