ليمون

لَيْمُون (canonical)
laymūn (romanization)
لَيْمُونَة (feminine singulative)
لَيْمُون (collective indefinite informal triptote)
اللَّيْمُون (collective definite informal triptote)
لَيْمُون (collective construct informal triptote)
لَيْمُونٌ (collective indefinite nominative triptote)
اللَّيْمُونُ (collective definite nominative triptote)
لَيْمُونُ (collective construct nominative triptote)
لَيْمُونًا (accusative collective indefinite triptote)
اللَّيْمُونَ (accusative collective definite triptote)
لَيْمُونَ (accusative collective construct triptote)
لَيْمُونٍ (collective genitive indefinite triptote)
اللَّيْمُونِ (collective definite genitive triptote)
لَيْمُونِ (collective construct genitive triptote)
لَيْمُونَة (ar-infl-a collective indefinite informal singulative triptote)
اللَّيْمُونَة (ar-infl-a collective definite informal singulative triptote)
لَيْمُونَة (ar-infl-a collective construct informal singulative triptote)
لَيْمُونَةٌ (ar-infl-a collective indefinite nominative singulative triptote)
اللَّيْمُونَةُ (ar-infl-a collective definite nominative singulative triptote)
لَيْمُونَةُ (ar-infl-a collective construct nominative singulative triptote)
لَيْمُونَةً (accusative ar-infl-a collective indefinite singulative triptote)
اللَّيْمُونَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a collective definite singulative triptote)
لَيْمُونَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a collective construct singulative triptote)
لَيْمُونَةٍ (ar-infl-a collective genitive indefinite singulative triptote)
اللَّيْمُونَةِ (ar-infl-a collective definite genitive singulative triptote)
لَيْمُونَةِ (ar-infl-a collective construct genitive singulative triptote)
لَيْمُونَتَيْن (ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite informal singulative triptote)
اللَّيْمُونَتَيْن (ar-infl-a collective definite dual informal singulative triptote)
لَيْمُونَتَيْ (ar-infl-a collective construct dual informal singulative triptote)
لَيْمُونَتَانِ (ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite nominative singulative triptote)
اللَّيْمُونَتَانِ (ar-infl-a collective definite dual nominative singulative triptote)
لَيْمُونَتَا (ar-infl-a collective construct dual nominative singulative triptote)
لَيْمُونَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite singulative triptote)
اللَّيْمُونَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a collective definite dual singulative triptote)
لَيْمُونَتَيْ (accusative ar-infl-a collective construct dual singulative triptote)
لَيْمُونَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a collective dual genitive indefinite singulative triptote)
اللَّيْمُونَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a collective definite dual genitive singulative triptote)
لَيْمُونَتَيْ (ar-infl-a collective construct dual genitive singulative triptote)
لَيْمُونَات (feminine indefinite informal paucal sound-form)
اللَّيْمُونَات (definite feminine informal paucal sound-form)
لَيْمُونَات (construct feminine informal paucal sound-form)
لَيْمُونَاتٌ (feminine indefinite nominative paucal sound-form)
اللَّيْمُونَاتُ (definite feminine nominative paucal sound-form)
لَيْمُونَاتُ (construct feminine nominative paucal sound-form)
لَيْمُونَاتٍ (accusative feminine indefinite paucal sound-form)
اللَّيْمُونَاتِ (accusative definite feminine paucal sound-form)
لَيْمُونَاتِ (accusative construct feminine paucal sound-form)
لَيْمُونَاتٍ (feminine genitive indefinite paucal sound-form)
اللَّيْمُونَاتِ (definite feminine genitive paucal sound-form)
لَيْمُونَاتِ (construct feminine genitive paucal sound-form)

→ Afar: liim

→ Amharic: ሎሚ (lomi), ሎሚን (lomin)

→ Beja: lemuun

→ Blin: ሎሚ (lōmi)

→ Hausa: lḕmō

desctree

→ Old French: lymon
→ Middle English: lymon
English: lemon
Scots: leemon

→ Ge'ez: ሎሚ (lomi)

→ Portuguese: limão

→ Spanish: limón

→ Italian: limone

→ Saho: liimin

→ Sicilian: limiuni

→ Somali: liin

desc

→ Tigre: ሎሚን (lomin), ሌሚን (lemin), ሌሙን (lemun), ሌማን (leman)

→ Tigrinya: ሎሚ (lomi), ሎሚን (lomin), ለሚን (lämin)

From Persian لیمو (lêmô, limu) (compare Tajik лемӯ (lemü), лимӯ (limü)), a loanword, probably from Indo-Aryan (compare Sanskrit निम्बू (nimbū, “lime”)). The form لُومِيّ (lūmiyy) is a separate borrowing introduced via Omani Arabic from Tamil எலுமிச்சை (elumiccai, “lemon, lime”), often meaning dried lemons traded as a spice specifically.


جزر

جَزْر (canonical)
jazr (romanization)
جَزْر (indefinite informal singular triptote)
الْجَزْر (definite informal singular triptote)
جَزْر (construct informal singular triptote)
جَزْرٌ (indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الْجَزْرُ (definite nominative singular triptote)
جَزْرُ (construct nominative singular triptote)
جَزْرًا (accusative indefinite singular triptote)
الْجَزْرَ (accusative definite singular triptote)
جَزْرَ (accusative construct singular triptote)
جَزْرٍ (genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الْجَزْرِ (definite genitive singular triptote)
جَزْرِ (construct genitive singular triptote)


زيتون

ar-proper noun

زَيْتُون • (zaytūn) m

زَيْتُون (canonical)
zaytūn (romanization)
زَيْتُون (definite diptote informal singular)
زَيْتُونُ (definite diptote nominative singular)
زَيْتُونَ (accusative definite diptote singular)
زَيْتُونَ (definite diptote genitive singular)

Phono-semantic matching from Chinese 刺桐 (MC tshjeH duwng, “coral tree”) in 刺桐城 (MC tshjeH duwng dzyeng, “coral tree town”), an old name for Quanzhou.

ltc-l

(historical) Zayton, the medieval trade name of the ports of Zhangzhou and Quanzhou in Fujian, China


آس

ar-noun

آس • (ʔās) m

ʔās (romanization)
آس (indefinite informal singular triptote)
الْآس (definite informal singular triptote)
آس (construct informal singular triptote)
آسٌ (indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الْآسُ (definite nominative singular triptote)
آسُ (construct nominative singular triptote)
آسًا (accusative indefinite singular triptote)
الْآسَ (accusative definite singular triptote)
آسَ (accusative construct singular triptote)
آسٍ (genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الْآسِ (definite genitive singular triptote)
آسِ (construct genitive singular triptote)

⇒ Cypriot Arabic: ximplás

→ Ge'ez: እልኣስ (ʾəlʾas, “myrtle”)

→ Middle Armenian: հապալաս (hapalas) (√ حَبّ الْآس (ḥabb al-ʔās))

→ Armenian: հապալաս (hapalas) (learned)

Borrowed from Aramaic אָסָא / ܐܵܣܵܐ (ʾāsā, “myrtle”), from Akkadian 𒄑𒊍 (asum, “myrtle”).

والكتم قال أبو الخير هو ثلاثة أنواع منها ما له ورق عريض مثل ورق الآس الذي ينبت في الشعرى وهو يعلو كثيرا ويأخذ من التدويح وورقه مشرفة مثل تشريف المنشار ومنه نوع آخر له ورق دون الأول في العرض وتعظم شجرته أيضا وله حب في قدر حب الفلفل والريحان ويعتصر منه دهن يستصبح به ونوع آخر له ورق طويل دقيق مثل ورق المسان وقيل إن مما جرب فصح إنه إن سقى من عصارة ورقه ثمانية دراهم لمن عضه الكلب فإنه يبرئ في ذلك اليوم ويخلص بإذن الله تعالى وأن فزع من الماء فإنه يبرئ والكتم هو شبيه للحناء ويجفف ورقه ويدق نعما ويخلط بالحناء وخضب به الشعر.

c. 1200, يحيى بن محمد بن أحمد بن العوام [yaḥyā ibn muḥammad ibn ʔaḥmad ibn al-ʕawwām], edited by José Antonio Banqueri, كتاب الفلاحة [Book on Agriculture], volume 2, Madrid: Imprenta Real, published 1802ᴵᴬ, Cap. 29, Art. 15, pages 383–384:

About the mock privet says Abū al-Ḵayr that there are three kinds of it: The first has wide leaves similar to the leaves of the myrtle which grows in the maquis and it becomes very high and swollen and its leaves are humped like a saw, the second has leaves of lesser width but its tree is also poddy and its seeds are of the size of the seeds of peppers and myrtles and from them one can press oil for lighting, and another kind has long delicate leaves like sandpaper and it is said if someone is affected by scabies then he will regain health, that if he whom a dog has bitten drinks eight dirhem from the extract of its leaves he will becomes free from the ailment the same day and cleansed of it if God is gracious; so that he will fear water but he will be free of the pest. Mock privet is similar to henna and one dries its leaves and crushes them well and mixes with henna and dyes the hair with it.


آس

ʔās (romanization)
آسَات (plural)
آس (indefinite informal singular triptote)
الْآس (definite informal singular triptote)
آس (construct informal singular triptote)
آسٌ (indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الْآسُ (definite nominative singular triptote)
آسُ (construct nominative singular triptote)
آسًا (accusative indefinite singular triptote)
الْآسَ (accusative definite singular triptote)
آسَ (accusative construct singular triptote)
آسٍ (genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الْآسِ (definite genitive singular triptote)
آسِ (construct genitive singular triptote)
آسَيْن (dual indefinite informal singular triptote)
الْآسَيْن (definite dual informal singular triptote)
آسَيْ (construct dual informal singular triptote)
آسَانِ (dual indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الْآسَانِ (definite dual nominative singular triptote)
آسَا (construct dual nominative singular triptote)
آسَيْنِ (accusative dual indefinite singular triptote)
الْآسَيْنِ (accusative definite dual singular triptote)
آسَيْ (accusative construct dual singular triptote)
آسَيْنِ (dual genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الْآسَيْنِ (definite dual genitive singular triptote)
آسَيْ (construct dual genitive singular triptote)
آسَات (feminine indefinite informal plural sound-form)
الْآسَات (definite feminine informal plural sound-form)
آسَات (construct feminine informal plural sound-form)
آسَاتٌ (feminine indefinite nominative plural sound-form)
الْآسَاتُ (definite feminine nominative plural sound-form)
آسَاتُ (construct feminine nominative plural sound-form)
آسَاتٍ (accusative feminine indefinite plural sound-form)
الْآسَاتِ (accusative definite feminine plural sound-form)
آسَاتِ (accusative construct feminine plural sound-form)
آسَاتٍ (feminine genitive indefinite plural sound-form)
الْآسَاتِ (definite feminine genitive plural sound-form)
آسَاتِ (construct feminine genitive plural sound-form)

Ultimately from Latin as, likely through French as.


سنديان

سِنْدِيَان • (sindiyān) m

سِنْدِيَان (canonical)
sindiyān (romanization)
سِنْدِيَان (indefinite informal singular triptote)
السِّنْدِيَان (definite informal singular triptote)
سِنْدِيَان (construct informal singular triptote)
سِنْدِيَانٌ (indefinite nominative singular triptote)
السِّنْدِيَانُ (definite nominative singular triptote)
سِنْدِيَانُ (construct nominative singular triptote)
سِنْدِيَانًا (accusative indefinite singular triptote)
السِّنْدِيَانَ (accusative definite singular triptote)
سِنْدِيَانَ (accusative construct singular triptote)
سِنْدِيَانٍ (genitive indefinite singular triptote)
السِّنْدِيَانِ (definite genitive singular triptote)
سِنْدِيَانِ (construct genitive singular triptote)

Semantically from Aramaic סדיין (seḏyān, “type of oak”), cognates with Classical Syriac ܣܕܝܢܐ (seḏyānā), Akkadian 𒄑𒋛𒅔𒁕𒀀 (sindu, “a tree”); from the Semitic root س ن د (s-n-d) meaning “to stay”, “to prop up”, “to set up pieces of wood for reinforcement”. Connected to the wood’s common use in construction and sturdiness; compare סדנא (saddānā, “foundation; the trunk or base of a tree”), Hebrew סַד (sad, “torture stocks; a place for securing prisoners”). Uncertain connections to Persian سندیان (sendiyân, “type of oak”), perhaps related to Middle Persian [script needed] (cytn' /cidān/, “to gather, to pile up”) as in the collecting of wood.


ياسمين

ar-proper noun

يَاسَمِين • (yāsamīn) f

يَاسَمِين (canonical)
yāsamīn (romanization)
يَاسَمِين (definite diptote informal singular)
يَاسَمِينُ (definite diptote nominative singular)
يَاسَمِينَ (accusative definite diptote singular)
يَاسَمِينَ (definite diptote genitive singular)

ar-decl-noun

يَاسَمِينُ:di

Gulf Arabic: ياسمين (yāsmīn)

Hijazi Arabic: ياسمين (yāsmīn, yāsamīn)

Moroccan Arabic: ياسمين (yāsmīn)

→ Catalan: gessamí, llessamí

desctree

→ French: jasmin
→ Danish: jasmin
→ English: jasmine

→ Galician: xasmín

→⇒ Italian: gelsomino

→ Portuguese: jasmim

→ Spanish: jazmín
→ German: Jasmin

→ Sicilian: gesiminu, giasiminu, gesuminu, gessuminu, gersuminu, gelsiminu, gelsuminu
→ Maltese: ġiżimin, ġiżmin, ġesmina, ġeżmina

→ Swahili: asumini

Etymology tree
Middle Persian yʾsmn'
Classical Persian یَاسَمِین (yāsamīn)bor.
Arabic ياسمين
Borrowed from Classical Persian یَاسَمِین (yāsamīn).

bor+

a female given name, equivalent to English Jasmine


فول

فُول (canonical)
fūl (romanization)
فُولَة (feminine singulative)
أَفْوَال (plural)
فُول (collective indefinite informal triptote)
الْفُول (collective definite informal triptote)
فُول (collective construct informal triptote)
فُولٌ (collective indefinite nominative triptote)
الْفُولُ (collective definite nominative triptote)
فُولُ (collective construct nominative triptote)
فُولًا (accusative collective indefinite triptote)
الْفُولَ (accusative collective definite triptote)
فُولَ (accusative collective construct triptote)
فُولٍ (collective genitive indefinite triptote)
الْفُولِ (collective definite genitive triptote)
فُولِ (collective construct genitive triptote)
فُولَة (ar-infl-a collective indefinite informal singulative triptote)
الْفُولَة (ar-infl-a collective definite informal singulative triptote)
فُولَة (ar-infl-a collective construct informal singulative triptote)
فُولَةٌ (ar-infl-a collective indefinite nominative singulative triptote)
الْفُولَةُ (ar-infl-a collective definite nominative singulative triptote)
فُولَةُ (ar-infl-a collective construct nominative singulative triptote)
فُولَةً (accusative ar-infl-a collective indefinite singulative triptote)
الْفُولَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a collective definite singulative triptote)
فُولَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a collective construct singulative triptote)
فُولَةٍ (ar-infl-a collective genitive indefinite singulative triptote)
الْفُولَةِ (ar-infl-a collective definite genitive singulative triptote)
فُولَةِ (ar-infl-a collective construct genitive singulative triptote)
فُولَتَيْن (ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite informal singulative triptote)
الْفُولَتَيْن (ar-infl-a collective definite dual informal singulative triptote)
فُولَتَيْ (ar-infl-a collective construct dual informal singulative triptote)
فُولَتَانِ (ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite nominative singulative triptote)
الْفُولَتَانِ (ar-infl-a collective definite dual nominative singulative triptote)
فُولَتَا (ar-infl-a collective construct dual nominative singulative triptote)
فُولَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite singulative triptote)
الْفُولَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a collective definite dual singulative triptote)
فُولَتَيْ (accusative ar-infl-a collective construct dual singulative triptote)
فُولَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a collective dual genitive indefinite singulative triptote)
الْفُولَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a collective definite dual genitive singulative triptote)
فُولَتَيْ (ar-infl-a collective construct dual genitive singulative triptote)
فُولَات (feminine indefinite informal paucal sound-form)
الْفُولَات (definite feminine informal paucal sound-form)
فُولَات (construct feminine informal paucal sound-form)
فُولَاتٌ (feminine indefinite nominative paucal sound-form)
الْفُولَاتُ (definite feminine nominative paucal sound-form)
فُولَاتُ (construct feminine nominative paucal sound-form)
فُولَاتٍ (accusative feminine indefinite paucal sound-form)
الْفُولَاتِ (accusative definite feminine paucal sound-form)
فُولَاتِ (accusative construct feminine paucal sound-form)
فُولَاتٍ (feminine genitive indefinite paucal sound-form)
الْفُولَاتِ (definite feminine genitive paucal sound-form)
فُولَاتِ (construct feminine genitive paucal sound-form)
أَفْوَال (broken-form feminine indefinite informal paucal plural sound-form triptote)
الْأَفْوَال (broken-form definite feminine informal paucal plural sound-form triptote)
أَفْوَال (broken-form construct feminine informal paucal plural sound-form triptote)
أَفْوَالٌ (broken-form feminine indefinite nominative paucal plural sound-form triptote)
الْأَفْوَالُ (broken-form definite feminine nominative paucal plural sound-form triptote)
أَفْوَالُ (broken-form construct feminine nominative paucal plural sound-form triptote)
أَفْوَالًا (accusative broken-form feminine indefinite paucal plural sound-form triptote)
الْأَفْوَالَ (accusative broken-form definite feminine paucal plural sound-form triptote)
أَفْوَالَ (accusative broken-form construct feminine paucal plural sound-form triptote)
أَفْوَالٍ (broken-form feminine genitive indefinite paucal plural sound-form triptote)
الْأَفْوَالِ (broken-form definite feminine genitive paucal plural sound-form triptote)
أَفْوَالِ (broken-form construct feminine genitive paucal plural sound-form triptote)

Claimed to be borrowed from Aramaic פֹּולא (pōlā, “bean”), which is supported by the names of other grain-yielding legumes حِمَّص (ḥimmaṣ, “chickpea”), بَاقِلّاء (bāqillāʔ, “broad bean”), تُرْمُس (turmus, “lupin”), خُلَّر (ḵullar), جُلُبَّان (julubbān, “grasspea”), فَصْفَص (faṣfaṣ, “lucerne”) being borrowed from Aramaic, though عَدَس (ʕadas, “lentils”) is an example against this. Ultimately perchance from Proto-Semitic *pūl- (“bean, corn, seed, grains, little pieces”); possibly distantly related to Egyptian prj (“to emerge”) and prt (“growing season”).


حمص

حِمِّص (canonical)
حِمَّص (canonical)
ḥimmiṣ (romanization)
ḥimmaṣ (romanization)
حِمِّصَة (feminine singulative)
حِمَّصَة (singulative)
حِمِّص (collective indefinite informal triptote)
حِمَّص (collective indefinite informal triptote)
الْحِمِّص (collective definite informal triptote)
الْحِمَّص (collective definite informal triptote)
حِمِّص (collective construct informal triptote)
حِمَّص (collective construct informal triptote)
حِمِّصٌ (collective indefinite nominative triptote)
حِمَّصٌ (collective indefinite nominative triptote)
الْحِمِّصُ (collective definite nominative triptote)
الْحِمَّصُ (collective definite nominative triptote)
حِمِّصُ (collective construct nominative triptote)
حِمَّصُ (collective construct nominative triptote)
حِمِّصًا (accusative collective indefinite triptote)
حِمَّصًا (accusative collective indefinite triptote)
الْحِمِّصَ (accusative collective definite triptote)
الْحِمَّصَ (accusative collective definite triptote)
حِمِّصَ (accusative collective construct triptote)
حِمَّصَ (accusative collective construct triptote)
حِمِّصٍ (collective genitive indefinite triptote)
حِمَّصٍ (collective genitive indefinite triptote)
الْحِمِّصِ (collective definite genitive triptote)
الْحِمَّصِ (collective definite genitive triptote)
حِمِّصِ (collective construct genitive triptote)
حِمَّصِ (collective construct genitive triptote)
حِمِّصَة (ar-infl-a collective indefinite informal singulative triptote)
حِمَّصَة (ar-infl-a collective indefinite informal singulative triptote)
الْحِمِّصَة (ar-infl-a collective definite informal singulative triptote)
الْحِمَّصَة (ar-infl-a collective definite informal singulative triptote)
حِمِّصَة (ar-infl-a collective construct informal singulative triptote)
حِمَّصَة (ar-infl-a collective construct informal singulative triptote)
حِمِّصَةٌ (ar-infl-a collective indefinite nominative singulative triptote)
حِمَّصَةٌ (ar-infl-a collective indefinite nominative singulative triptote)
الْحِمِّصَةُ (ar-infl-a collective definite nominative singulative triptote)
الْحِمَّصَةُ (ar-infl-a collective definite nominative singulative triptote)
حِمِّصَةُ (ar-infl-a collective construct nominative singulative triptote)
حِمَّصَةُ (ar-infl-a collective construct nominative singulative triptote)
حِمِّصَةً (accusative ar-infl-a collective indefinite singulative triptote)
حِمَّصَةً (accusative ar-infl-a collective indefinite singulative triptote)
الْحِمِّصَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a collective definite singulative triptote)
الْحِمَّصَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a collective definite singulative triptote)
حِمِّصَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a collective construct singulative triptote)
حِمَّصَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a collective construct singulative triptote)
حِمِّصَةٍ (ar-infl-a collective genitive indefinite singulative triptote)
حِمَّصَةٍ (ar-infl-a collective genitive indefinite singulative triptote)
الْحِمِّصَةِ (ar-infl-a collective definite genitive singulative triptote)
الْحِمَّصَةِ (ar-infl-a collective definite genitive singulative triptote)
حِمِّصَةِ (ar-infl-a collective construct genitive singulative triptote)
حِمَّصَةِ (ar-infl-a collective construct genitive singulative triptote)
حِمِّصَتَيْن (ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite informal singulative triptote)
حِمَّصَتَيْن (ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite informal singulative triptote)
الْحِمِّصَتَيْن (ar-infl-a collective definite dual informal singulative triptote)
الْحِمَّصَتَيْن (ar-infl-a collective definite dual informal singulative triptote)
حِمِّصَتَيْ (ar-infl-a collective construct dual informal singulative triptote)
حِمَّصَتَيْ (ar-infl-a collective construct dual informal singulative triptote)
حِمِّصَتَانِ (ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite nominative singulative triptote)
حِمَّصَتَانِ (ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite nominative singulative triptote)
الْحِمِّصَتَانِ (ar-infl-a collective definite dual nominative singulative triptote)
الْحِمَّصَتَانِ (ar-infl-a collective definite dual nominative singulative triptote)
حِمِّصَتَا (ar-infl-a collective construct dual nominative singulative triptote)
حِمَّصَتَا (ar-infl-a collective construct dual nominative singulative triptote)
حِمِّصَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite singulative triptote)
حِمَّصَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite singulative triptote)
الْحِمِّصَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a collective definite dual singulative triptote)
الْحِمَّصَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a collective definite dual singulative triptote)
حِمِّصَتَيْ (accusative ar-infl-a collective construct dual singulative triptote)
حِمَّصَتَيْ (accusative ar-infl-a collective construct dual singulative triptote)
حِمِّصَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a collective dual genitive indefinite singulative triptote)
حِمَّصَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a collective dual genitive indefinite singulative triptote)
الْحِمِّصَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a collective definite dual genitive singulative triptote)
الْحِمَّصَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a collective definite dual genitive singulative triptote)
حِمِّصَتَيْ (ar-infl-a collective construct dual genitive singulative triptote)
حِمَّصَتَيْ (ar-infl-a collective construct dual genitive singulative triptote)
حِمِّصَات (feminine indefinite informal paucal sound-form)
حِمَّصَات (feminine indefinite informal paucal sound-form)
الْحِمِّصَات (definite feminine informal paucal sound-form)
الْحِمَّصَات (definite feminine informal paucal sound-form)
حِمِّصَات (construct feminine informal paucal sound-form)
حِمَّصَات (construct feminine informal paucal sound-form)
حِمِّصَاتٌ (feminine indefinite nominative paucal sound-form)
حِمَّصَاتٌ (feminine indefinite nominative paucal sound-form)
الْحِمِّصَاتُ (definite feminine nominative paucal sound-form)
الْحِمَّصَاتُ (definite feminine nominative paucal sound-form)
حِمِّصَاتُ (construct feminine nominative paucal sound-form)
حِمَّصَاتُ (construct feminine nominative paucal sound-form)
حِمِّصَاتٍ (accusative feminine indefinite paucal sound-form)
حِمَّصَاتٍ (accusative feminine indefinite paucal sound-form)
الْحِمِّصَاتِ (accusative definite feminine paucal sound-form)
الْحِمَّصَاتِ (accusative definite feminine paucal sound-form)
حِمِّصَاتِ (accusative construct feminine paucal sound-form)
حِمَّصَاتِ (accusative construct feminine paucal sound-form)
حِمِّصَاتٍ (feminine genitive indefinite paucal sound-form)
حِمَّصَاتٍ (feminine genitive indefinite paucal sound-form)
الْحِمِّصَاتِ (definite feminine genitive paucal sound-form)
الْحِمَّصَاتِ (definite feminine genitive paucal sound-form)
حِمِّصَاتِ (construct feminine genitive paucal sound-form)
حِمَّصَاتِ (construct feminine genitive paucal sound-form)

The vowel variation points to it being borrowed from Aramaic חִימְצָא (ḥimməṣā) / חוּמְצָא (ḥumməṣā, “chickpea”). Cognate with Hebrew חִמְצָה (ḥimṣā́), possibly also related to Akkadian 𒋰 (TAB /ḫamāṭu/, “to apply heat, to burn, to scorch, to parch, to roast”), in the sense of being dehydrated or dried out beans.

bor

Aramaic חִימְצָא (ḥimməṣā)

cog

Hebrew חִמְצָה (ḥimṣā́)


حمص

ar-noun

حُمُّص • (ḥummuṣ) m

حُمُّص (canonical)
ḥummuṣ (romanization)
حُمُّص (indefinite informal singular triptote)
الْحُمُّص (definite informal singular triptote)
حُمُّص (construct informal singular triptote)
حُمُّصٌ (indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الْحُمُّصُ (definite nominative singular triptote)
حُمُّصُ (construct nominative singular triptote)
حُمُّصًا (accusative indefinite singular triptote)
الْحُمُّصَ (accusative definite singular triptote)
حُمُّصَ (accusative construct singular triptote)
حُمُّصٍ (genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الْحُمُّصِ (definite genitive singular triptote)
حُمُّصِ (construct genitive singular triptote)

→ English: hummus

→ Hebrew: חוּמוּס (khumus)

→ Italian: hummus

→ Ottoman Turkish: حمص (hımmıs)

→ Sicilian: ummu

→ Yiddish: כומוס (khumus)

bor

Aramaic חִימְצָא (ḥimməṣā)

cog

Hebrew חִמְצָה (ḥimṣā́)

حِمِّص حمص#Arabic

(colloquial) Alternative form of حِمِّص (ḥimmiṣ)


حمص

ar-proper noun

حِمْص • (ḥimṣ) f

حِمْص (canonical)
ḥimṣ (romanization)
حِمْص (definite diptote informal singular)
حِمْصُ (definite diptote nominative singular)
حِمْصَ (accusative definite diptote singular)
حِمْصَ (definite diptote genitive singular)

→ Ancient Greek: Χέμψ (Khémps)

→ Ottoman Turkish: حمص (Hıms)

From جُنْد حِمْص, “the military district or legion of Ḥims”, from Ancient Greek Ἔμεσᾰ (Émesă), descendant of Aramaic חֲמָת (ḥamāth, “fortress”, literally “frustration, hindrance”) + צובָא (ṣōwḇā, “near, surrounding, station”).

der

1267, Abu al-Baqa al-Rundi, Elegy for al-Andalus


كزبرة

ar-noun

كُزْبَرَة • (kuzbara) f

كُزْبَرَة (canonical)
kuzbara (romanization)
كُزْبَرَة (ar-infl-a indefinite informal singular triptote)
الْكُزْبَرَة (ar-infl-a definite informal singular triptote)
كُزْبَرَة (ar-infl-a construct informal singular triptote)
كُزْبَرَةٌ (ar-infl-a indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الْكُزْبَرَةُ (ar-infl-a definite nominative singular triptote)
كُزْبَرَةُ (ar-infl-a construct nominative singular triptote)
كُزْبَرَةً (accusative ar-infl-a indefinite singular triptote)
الْكُزْبَرَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a definite singular triptote)
كُزْبَرَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a construct singular triptote)
كُزْبَرَةٍ (ar-infl-a genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الْكُزْبَرَةِ (ar-infl-a definite genitive singular triptote)
كُزْبَرَةِ (ar-infl-a construct genitive singular triptote)

desc

→ Hebrew: כֻּסְבָּרָה

→ Hebrew: כֻּסְבָּרָה

Borrowed from Aramaic כסברה (kusbara, “coriander”), cognate with Classical Syriac ܟܽܘܣܒܰܪܬܳܐ (kūsbartā, “coriander”), derived from Akkadian 𒊺𒇽 (kisibirru, “coriander”). Likely interrelated with the Sanskrit कुस्तुम्बरी (kustumbarī, “coriander”), perhaps ultimately with a Dravidian origin; compare to Tamil கொத்தமல்லி (kottamalli, “coriander”).

cog

سفوف حب الرمان المقوى للمعدة والأمعاء
حب الرمان وحب الحصرم وحب العنب وحب الآس وخرنوب شامي وخرنوب نطبي وبلوط وكسفرة منقعة في ماء السماق مجففة وسماق من كل واحد جزء قرظ وطراثيث من كل واحد جزء ونصف ثم يحمص الجميع ويدق ويستعمل الشربة ثلاثة دراهم

a. 1165, ابن التلميذ [Ibn al-Tilmīḏ], edited by Oliver Kahl, The Dispensatory of Ibn At-Tilmīḏ الأقراباذين الكبير (Islamic Philosophy, Theology and Science. Texts and Studies; 70), Leiden: Brill, published 2007, →ISBN, page 71 Nr. 77:

The pomegranate seed powder which strengthens the stomach and the intestines
Pomegranate seeds, the seeds of unripe grapes, the seeds of (ripe) grapes, myrtle seeds, Syrian carob, Nabataean carob, acorn, dried coriander soaked in sumach-water, and sumach one part of each; babul and desert-thumb one and a half parts of each. All (this) is then roasted, pounded, and a potion (may be made) by using three dirham (of it).

وتقول المرأة السمراء البشرة التي ترتدي عباءة سوداء طويلة “خلال رمضان العام الماضي، كنا نأكل الفجل والبقدونس والسبانخ والكزبرة”، مضيفة “لم نكن قادرين على شراء أي شيء” بسبب الغلاء الفاحش في أسعار المواد الأساسية مثل الأرز والسكر والزيت.

2018 May 31, “عائلات نازحة تهنأ برمضان في إدلب بعد طول انقطاع رغم الشعور المرير بالغربة”, in AlQuds.co.uk:

“During Ramadan last year, we ate radishes, parsley, spinach and coriander," said the woman of brown skin, dressed in a long black plaid, adding “we weren’t able to buy anything” on account of the horrendous increase in prices of staples such as rice, sugar and oil.

كُزْبَرَةُ الْبِئْرِ

black maidenhair fern, Adiantum capillus-veneris

كُزْبَرَةُ الْثَعْلَبِ

pimpernel, Sanguisorba minor as also Anagallis arvensis

كُزْبَرَةُ الْمَلِكِ

Fumaria capreolata or Fumaria spicata or Fumaria muralis


شل

شُل (canonical)
شَل (canonical)
šul (romanization)
šal (romanization)
شُل (indefinite informal singular triptote)
شَل (indefinite informal singular triptote)
الشُّل (definite informal singular triptote)
الشَّل (definite informal singular triptote)
شُل (construct informal singular triptote)
شَل (construct informal singular triptote)
شُلٌ (indefinite nominative singular triptote)
شَلٌ (indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الشُّلُ (definite nominative singular triptote)
الشَّلُ (definite nominative singular triptote)
شُلُ (construct nominative singular triptote)
شَلُ (construct nominative singular triptote)
شُلًا (accusative indefinite singular triptote)
شَلًا (accusative indefinite singular triptote)
الشُّلَ (accusative definite singular triptote)
الشَّلَ (accusative definite singular triptote)
شُلَ (accusative construct singular triptote)
شَلَ (accusative construct singular triptote)
شُلٍ (genitive indefinite singular triptote)
شَلٍ (genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الشُّلِ (definite genitive singular triptote)
الشَّلِ (definite genitive singular triptote)
شُلِ (construct genitive singular triptote)
شَلِ (construct genitive singular triptote)

From (a descendant of) Sanskrit शाल (śāla).

شل: يقال بشين معجمة مضمومة ولام بعدها. إسحاق بن عمران: الشل بالهندية هو سفرجل هندي وهو ثمر مدور بمنزلة الجلوز لا قشر عليها وقوته مثل قوة الزنجبيل حار في الدرجة الثالثة رطب في الأولى يلطف الكيموسات الغليظة وينفع من صلابة العصب. ابن سينا: طعمه مر حريف قابض بكسر الرياح وفيه تحليل عجيب نافع للعصب.

a. 1248, ابن البيطار [Ibn al-Bayṭār], الجامع لمفردات الأدوية والأغذية [De simplicibus medicinis opus magnum]:

Shorea robusta
Shorea robusta#Translingual

(obsolete, conjectural meaning) sakhua, sal tree (Shorea robusta)


شاي

ar-noun

شَاي • (šāy) m

شَاي (canonical)
šāy (romanization)
شَاي (indefinite informal singular triptote)
الشَّاي (definite informal singular triptote)
شَاي (construct informal singular triptote)
شَايٌ (indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الشَّايُ (definite nominative singular triptote)
شَايُ (construct nominative singular triptote)
شَايًا (accusative indefinite singular triptote)
الشَّايَ (accusative definite singular triptote)
شَايَ (accusative construct singular triptote)
شَايٍ (genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الشَّايِ (definite genitive singular triptote)
شَايِ (construct genitive singular triptote)

→ Amharic: ሻይ (šay)

→ Gulay: sáȳ, sáyā

→ Hausa: shāyì

→ Nupe: shayì

→ Mabaan: caayi

→ Mango: sáỳ

→ Wolof: àttaya

From Persian چای (čây), ultimately from Chinese 茶 (chá).


ثيران

ثِيرَان • (ṯīrān) m

ثِيرَان (canonical)
ṯīrān (romanization)
ثِيرَان (indefinite informal singular triptote)
الثِّيرَان (definite informal singular triptote)
ثِيرَان (construct informal singular triptote)
ثِيرَانٌ (indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الثِّيرَانُ (definite nominative singular triptote)
ثِيرَانُ (construct nominative singular triptote)
ثِيرَانًا (accusative indefinite singular triptote)
الثِّيرَانَ (accusative definite singular triptote)
ثِيرَانَ (accusative construct singular triptote)
ثِيرَانٍ (genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الثِّيرَانِ (definite genitive singular triptote)
ثِيرَانِ (construct genitive singular triptote)

Transliteration of Old Armenian ծիրան (ciran).

وَلَهُمُ ٱلثِّيرَانُ ٱلْأَرْمِينِيَّةُ، وَٱلشَّاهْ بَلُّوطُ، وَٱلْخَلَنْجُ ٱلْكَثِيرُ، وَيَتَّخِذُونَ مِنْهُ عَجَائِبَ.

c. 910, Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad ibn al-Faqīh al-Hamaḏānī, Kitāb al-Buldān:

And they have Armenian apricot, chestnut, and much heather, and they obtain miracles from it.

walahumu ṯ-ṯīrānu l-ʔarmīniyyatu, waš-šāh ballūṭu, wal-ḵalanju l-kaṯīru, wayattaḵiḏūna minhu ʕajāʔiba.


سمسم

سِمْسِم (canonical)
simsim (romanization)

Borrowed from Coptic ⲥⲓⲙⲥⲓⲙ (simsim). Compare Classical Syriac ܫܘܫܡܐ (šūšmāʾ, šuššəmāʾ).

cog

šūšmāʾ, šuššəmāʾ

Simsim, Semsem (a former village in what is now Israel).


لوبيا

ar-noun

لُوبِيَا • (lūbiyā) f

لُوبِيَا (canonical)
lūbiyā (romanization)
لُوبِيَا (indefinite informal invariable singular)
اللُّوبِيَا (definite informal invariable singular)
لُوبِيَا (construct informal invariable singular)
لُوبِيَا (indefinite invariable nominative singular)
اللُّوبِيَا (definite invariable nominative singular)
لُوبِيَا (construct invariable nominative singular)
لُوبِيَا (accusative indefinite invariable singular)
اللُّوبِيَا (accusative definite invariable singular)
لُوبِيَا (accusative construct invariable singular)
لُوبِيَا (genitive indefinite invariable singular)
اللُّوبِيَا (definite genitive invariable singular)
لُوبِيَا (construct genitive invariable singular)

Moroccan Arabic: لوبيا (lūbya)

→ Tarifit: ǧubiyet, rubiyet

→ Israeli Hebrew: לוּבׅיָא (lūḇīyā)

→ Spanish: alubia

From Classical Persian لوبیا (lōbiyā) or Classical Syriac ܠܘܒܝܐ (lōbyā) or also directly from Ancient Greek λόβια (lóbia), plural of λόβιον (lóbion), see the Persian for more.

Vigna unguiculata
Vigna unguiculata#Translingual

Phaseolus vulgaris
Phaseolus vulgaris#Translingual

green beans, string beans (Phaseolus vulgaris)


قيقب

قَيْقَب (canonical)
qayqab (romanization)
قَيْقَبَة (feminine singulative)
قَيْقَب (collective indefinite informal triptote)
الْقَيْقَب (collective definite informal triptote)
قَيْقَب (collective construct informal triptote)
قَيْقَبٌ (collective indefinite nominative triptote)
الْقَيْقَبُ (collective definite nominative triptote)
قَيْقَبُ (collective construct nominative triptote)
قَيْقَبًا (accusative collective indefinite triptote)
الْقَيْقَبَ (accusative collective definite triptote)
قَيْقَبَ (accusative collective construct triptote)
قَيْقَبٍ (collective genitive indefinite triptote)
الْقَيْقَبِ (collective definite genitive triptote)
قَيْقَبِ (collective construct genitive triptote)
قَيْقَبَة (ar-infl-a collective indefinite informal singulative triptote)
الْقَيْقَبَة (ar-infl-a collective definite informal singulative triptote)
قَيْقَبَة (ar-infl-a collective construct informal singulative triptote)
قَيْقَبَةٌ (ar-infl-a collective indefinite nominative singulative triptote)
الْقَيْقَبَةُ (ar-infl-a collective definite nominative singulative triptote)
قَيْقَبَةُ (ar-infl-a collective construct nominative singulative triptote)
قَيْقَبَةً (accusative ar-infl-a collective indefinite singulative triptote)
الْقَيْقَبَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a collective definite singulative triptote)
قَيْقَبَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a collective construct singulative triptote)
قَيْقَبَةٍ (ar-infl-a collective genitive indefinite singulative triptote)
الْقَيْقَبَةِ (ar-infl-a collective definite genitive singulative triptote)
قَيْقَبَةِ (ar-infl-a collective construct genitive singulative triptote)
قَيْقَبَتَيْن (ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite informal singulative triptote)
الْقَيْقَبَتَيْن (ar-infl-a collective definite dual informal singulative triptote)
قَيْقَبَتَيْ (ar-infl-a collective construct dual informal singulative triptote)
قَيْقَبَتَانِ (ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite nominative singulative triptote)
الْقَيْقَبَتَانِ (ar-infl-a collective definite dual nominative singulative triptote)
قَيْقَبَتَا (ar-infl-a collective construct dual nominative singulative triptote)
قَيْقَبَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite singulative triptote)
الْقَيْقَبَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a collective definite dual singulative triptote)
قَيْقَبَتَيْ (accusative ar-infl-a collective construct dual singulative triptote)
قَيْقَبَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a collective dual genitive indefinite singulative triptote)
الْقَيْقَبَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a collective definite dual genitive singulative triptote)
قَيْقَبَتَيْ (ar-infl-a collective construct dual genitive singulative triptote)
قَيْقَبَات (feminine indefinite informal paucal sound-form)
الْقَيْقَبَات (definite feminine informal paucal sound-form)
قَيْقَبَات (construct feminine informal paucal sound-form)
قَيْقَبَاتٌ (feminine indefinite nominative paucal sound-form)
الْقَيْقَبَاتُ (definite feminine nominative paucal sound-form)
قَيْقَبَاتُ (construct feminine nominative paucal sound-form)
قَيْقَبَاتٍ (accusative feminine indefinite paucal sound-form)
الْقَيْقَبَاتِ (accusative definite feminine paucal sound-form)
قَيْقَبَاتِ (accusative construct feminine paucal sound-form)
قَيْقَبَاتٍ (feminine genitive indefinite paucal sound-form)
الْقَيْقَبَاتِ (definite feminine genitive paucal sound-form)
قَيْقَبَاتِ (construct feminine genitive paucal sound-form)

Uncertain, from the root ق ب ب (q-b-b), meaning “the side of an animal”, “the belly or abdomen”, where the saddle rests; the root suggested by Lane to ultimately be onomatopoeic in origin from the sound of a rumbling stomach. Related to ق و ب (q-w-b), meaning “to carve, peel, or hollow out wood”, see قَبْقَاب (qabqāb). Also relation to Classical Syriac ܩܘܒܬܐ originally meaning a vaulted structure, the sense of seat being post-Arabic influence, however suggests a connection perhaps with the vaulted dome or tent like howdah design, a woman's enclosed saddle.

فأما غراسة الميس وهو القيقب وهو ضرب من النشم وإن الذكر هو النشم الأسود وثمره حب صغار سود مدحرجة في داخلها نواة. تؤكل في أكتوبر وفيها بعض الحلاوة وخشبه جيد للسروج ولغير ذلك. وتوافقه المواضع الرطبة وكل الأرض وينجب في كل مكان إلا في الأرض السوداء الحارة.

c. 1200, يحيى بن محمد بن أحمد بن العوام [yaḥyā ibn muḥammad ibn ʔaḥmad ibn al-ʕawwām], edited by José Antonio Banqueri, كتاب الفلاحة [Book on Agriculture], volume 1, Madrid: Imprenta Real, published 1802ᴵᴬ, Cap. 7, Art. 38, pages 333–334:

In what concerns planting of nettle trees it is the hackberry and it is a sort of elm and the male is the black elm and its fruits are small, black, rotund berries with pips in its inner. They are eaten during October and are endowed with sweetness and its wood is good for saddles and other things. Moist spots and every earth is apt for it, and it prospers on every place except on dark, hot earth.

Celtis australis
Celtis australis#Translingual

(al-Andalus) nettle tree, hackberry (Celtis australis)


شوش

شُوش • (šūš) m

شُوش (canonical)
šūš (romanization)
شُوش (indefinite informal singular triptote)
الشُّوش (definite informal singular triptote)
شُوش (construct informal singular triptote)
شُوشٌ (indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الشُّوشُ (definite nominative singular triptote)
شُوشُ (construct nominative singular triptote)
شُوشًا (accusative indefinite singular triptote)
الشُّوشَ (accusative definite singular triptote)
شُوشَ (accusative construct singular triptote)
شُوشٍ (genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الشُّوشِ (definite genitive singular triptote)
شُوشِ (construct genitive singular triptote)

ويضعن على رؤوسهنّ تمائم من حبّ نبات يسمّى الشوش وهو حبّ صغير أحمر كالجُلَّنار وفي جانب كلّ حبّة منه نكتة سوداء وهذا الحبّ رؤيته مفرحة جدًّا وودع وفول وهذا الفول عندهم ذو ألوان منه ما هو أحمر ناصع الحمرة ومنه ما هو تِبْنيّ اللون ومنه ما هو أسود ومنه عسليّ فيثقبن الشوش والودع والفول وينظمن الشوش وحده تمائم لكن يجعلن في أسفل كلّ تميمة إمّا جلجلًا أو ودعة ويجعلنها عناقيد هكذا لكن يفصلن بين كلّ تعريجة بخرز أزرق.

1850, محمد بن عمر التونسي [Muḥammad Ibn-ʿUmar at-Tūnisī ], edited by Humphrey Davies, تشحيذ الأذهان بسيرة بلاد العرب والسودان [In Darfur. An Account of the Sultanate and Its People] (Library of Arabic Literature; 15), volume II, New York: NYU Press, published 2018, →ISBN, 3.1.101, page 88:

On their heads, the women place amulets made from the seeds of a plant called šūš—the seeds are small and red, like those of the pomegranate flower; each has a black spot on its side and they are very pleasing to the eye—as well as amulets made of shells and of beans. In their country, these beans are colored, some being bright red, some straw-colored, some black, some honey-colored. They bore a hole in the šūš, the shells, or the beans. They also make the šūš into amulets on their own, though they attach to the bottom of each amulet either a little bell or a shell, and make them into clusters, like this: However, they separate each pedicel from the next with a blue bead.


رند

رَنْد (canonical)
rand (romanization)
رَنْد (indefinite informal singular triptote)
الرَّنْد (definite informal singular triptote)
رَنْد (construct informal singular triptote)
رَنْدٌ (indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الرَّنْدُ (definite nominative singular triptote)
رَنْدُ (construct nominative singular triptote)
رَنْدًا (accusative indefinite singular triptote)
الرَّنْدَ (accusative definite singular triptote)
رَنْدَ (accusative construct singular triptote)
رَنْدٍ (genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الرَّنْدِ (definite genitive singular triptote)
رَنْدِ (construct genitive singular triptote)

Maltese: rand

Akin to Old South Arabian 𐩧𐩬𐩵 (rnd, “Artemisia arborescens syn. Artemisia abyssinica”). Alleged to be a metathesis of what is found as Hebrew נֵרְדְּ (nerd), Aramaic נִרְדָּא (nirdā), נָרְדָּא (nārdā), ܢܪܕܐ (nārdā), Akkadian 𒆠𒆗 (HIRIM /lardu/), Ancient Greek νᾰ́ρδος (nắrdos), Sanskrit नलद (nalada), and Arabic نَارْدِين (nārdīn).

doublet

نَارْدِين (nārdīn)

ويغرس في المواضع الرطب الكبيرة والندوة منها النشم والغرب والصفيراء والأيرج والميس والرند ويتوخى أن يكون شجر الأترج في مواضع مستور عن الريح الجوفية والريح الغربية مكشوف للريح القبلية.

c. 1200, يحيى بن محمد بن أحمد بن العوام [yaḥyā ibn muḥammad ibn ʔaḥmad ibn al-ʕawwām], edited by José Antonio Banqueri, كتاب الفلاحة [Book on Agriculture], volume 1, Madrid: Imprenta Real, published 1802ᴵᴬ, Cap. 4, pages 154–155:

One plants on moist, spacious and humid places there elms, willows, planetree maples, citrons, hackberries, and laurels, and it is to be taken care that the citron is covered from northern and western winds and open for southeastern winds.

Laurus nobilis
Laurus nobilis#Translingual


ليم

ar-noun

لِيم • (līm) m

لِيم (canonical)
līm (romanization)
لَيْم (indefinite informal singular triptote)
اللَّيْم (definite informal singular triptote)
لَيْم (construct informal singular triptote)
لَيْمٌ (indefinite nominative singular triptote)
اللَّيْمُ (definite nominative singular triptote)
لَيْمُ (construct nominative singular triptote)
لَيْمًا (accusative indefinite singular triptote)
اللَّيْمَ (accusative definite singular triptote)
لَيْمَ (accusative construct singular triptote)
لَيْمٍ (genitive indefinite singular triptote)
اللَّيْمِ (definite genitive singular triptote)
لَيْمِ (construct genitive singular triptote)


بلس

بُلُس (canonical)
بُلْس (canonical)
بِلْس (canonical)
bulus (romanization)
buls (romanization)
bils (romanization)
بُلُسَة (feminine singulative)
بُلْسَة (singulative)
بِلْسَة (singulative)
بَلَس (collective indefinite informal triptote)
بُلْس (collective indefinite informal triptote)
بِلْس (collective indefinite informal triptote)
الْبَلَس (collective definite informal triptote)
الْبُلْس (collective definite informal triptote)
الْبِلْس (collective definite informal triptote)
بَلَس (collective construct informal triptote)
بُلْس (collective construct informal triptote)
بِلْس (collective construct informal triptote)
بَلَسٌ (collective indefinite nominative triptote)
بُلْسٌ (collective indefinite nominative triptote)
بِلْسٌ (collective indefinite nominative triptote)
الْبَلَسُ (collective definite nominative triptote)
الْبُلْسُ (collective definite nominative triptote)
الْبِلْسُ (collective definite nominative triptote)
بَلَسُ (collective construct nominative triptote)
بُلْسُ (collective construct nominative triptote)
بِلْسُ (collective construct nominative triptote)
بَلَسًا (accusative collective indefinite triptote)
بُلْسًا (accusative collective indefinite triptote)
بِلْسًا (accusative collective indefinite triptote)
الْبَلَسَ (accusative collective definite triptote)
الْبُلْسَ (accusative collective definite triptote)
الْبِلْسَ (accusative collective definite triptote)
بَلَسَ (accusative collective construct triptote)
بُلْسَ (accusative collective construct triptote)
بِلْسَ (accusative collective construct triptote)
بَلَسٍ (collective genitive indefinite triptote)
بُلْسٍ (collective genitive indefinite triptote)
بِلْسٍ (collective genitive indefinite triptote)
الْبَلَسِ (collective definite genitive triptote)
الْبُلْسِ (collective definite genitive triptote)
الْبِلْسِ (collective definite genitive triptote)
بَلَسِ (collective construct genitive triptote)
بُلْسِ (collective construct genitive triptote)
بِلْسِ (collective construct genitive triptote)
بَلَسَة (ar-infl-a collective indefinite informal singulative triptote)
بُلْسَة (ar-infl-a collective indefinite informal singulative triptote)
بِلْسَة (ar-infl-a collective indefinite informal singulative triptote)
الْبَلَسَة (ar-infl-a collective definite informal singulative triptote)
الْبُلْسَة (ar-infl-a collective definite informal singulative triptote)
الْبِلْسَة (ar-infl-a collective definite informal singulative triptote)
بَلَسَة (ar-infl-a collective construct informal singulative triptote)
بُلْسَة (ar-infl-a collective construct informal singulative triptote)
بِلْسَة (ar-infl-a collective construct informal singulative triptote)
بَلَسَةٌ (ar-infl-a collective indefinite nominative singulative triptote)
بُلْسَةٌ (ar-infl-a collective indefinite nominative singulative triptote)
بِلْسَةٌ (ar-infl-a collective indefinite nominative singulative triptote)
الْبَلَسَةُ (ar-infl-a collective definite nominative singulative triptote)
الْبُلْسَةُ (ar-infl-a collective definite nominative singulative triptote)
الْبِلْسَةُ (ar-infl-a collective definite nominative singulative triptote)
بَلَسَةُ (ar-infl-a collective construct nominative singulative triptote)
بُلْسَةُ (ar-infl-a collective construct nominative singulative triptote)
بِلْسَةُ (ar-infl-a collective construct nominative singulative triptote)
بَلَسَةً (accusative ar-infl-a collective indefinite singulative triptote)
بُلْسَةً (accusative ar-infl-a collective indefinite singulative triptote)
بِلْسَةً (accusative ar-infl-a collective indefinite singulative triptote)
الْبَلَسَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a collective definite singulative triptote)
الْبُلْسَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a collective definite singulative triptote)
الْبِلْسَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a collective definite singulative triptote)
بَلَسَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a collective construct singulative triptote)
بُلْسَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a collective construct singulative triptote)
بِلْسَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a collective construct singulative triptote)
بَلَسَةٍ (ar-infl-a collective genitive indefinite singulative triptote)
بُلْسَةٍ (ar-infl-a collective genitive indefinite singulative triptote)
بِلْسَةٍ (ar-infl-a collective genitive indefinite singulative triptote)
الْبَلَسَةِ (ar-infl-a collective definite genitive singulative triptote)
الْبُلْسَةِ (ar-infl-a collective definite genitive singulative triptote)
الْبِلْسَةِ (ar-infl-a collective definite genitive singulative triptote)
بَلَسَةِ (ar-infl-a collective construct genitive singulative triptote)
بُلْسَةِ (ar-infl-a collective construct genitive singulative triptote)
بِلْسَةِ (ar-infl-a collective construct genitive singulative triptote)
بَلَسَتَيْن (ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite informal singulative triptote)
بُلْسَتَيْن (ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite informal singulative triptote)
بِلْسَتَيْن (ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite informal singulative triptote)
الْبَلَسَتَيْن (ar-infl-a collective definite dual informal singulative triptote)
الْبُلْسَتَيْن (ar-infl-a collective definite dual informal singulative triptote)
الْبِلْسَتَيْن (ar-infl-a collective definite dual informal singulative triptote)
بَلَسَتَيْ (ar-infl-a collective construct dual informal singulative triptote)
بُلْسَتَيْ (ar-infl-a collective construct dual informal singulative triptote)
بِلْسَتَيْ (ar-infl-a collective construct dual informal singulative triptote)
بَلَسَتَانِ (ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite nominative singulative triptote)
بُلْسَتَانِ (ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite nominative singulative triptote)
بِلْسَتَانِ (ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite nominative singulative triptote)
الْبَلَسَتَانِ (ar-infl-a collective definite dual nominative singulative triptote)
الْبُلْسَتَانِ (ar-infl-a collective definite dual nominative singulative triptote)
الْبِلْسَتَانِ (ar-infl-a collective definite dual nominative singulative triptote)
بَلَسَتَا (ar-infl-a collective construct dual nominative singulative triptote)
بُلْسَتَا (ar-infl-a collective construct dual nominative singulative triptote)
بِلْسَتَا (ar-infl-a collective construct dual nominative singulative triptote)
بَلَسَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite singulative triptote)
بُلْسَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite singulative triptote)
بِلْسَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite singulative triptote)
الْبَلَسَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a collective definite dual singulative triptote)
الْبُلْسَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a collective definite dual singulative triptote)
الْبِلْسَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a collective definite dual singulative triptote)
بَلَسَتَيْ (accusative ar-infl-a collective construct dual singulative triptote)
بُلْسَتَيْ (accusative ar-infl-a collective construct dual singulative triptote)
بِلْسَتَيْ (accusative ar-infl-a collective construct dual singulative triptote)
بَلَسَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a collective dual genitive indefinite singulative triptote)
بُلْسَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a collective dual genitive indefinite singulative triptote)
بِلْسَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a collective dual genitive indefinite singulative triptote)
الْبَلَسَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a collective definite dual genitive singulative triptote)
الْبُلْسَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a collective definite dual genitive singulative triptote)
الْبِلْسَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a collective definite dual genitive singulative triptote)
بَلَسَتَيْ (ar-infl-a collective construct dual genitive singulative triptote)
بُلْسَتَيْ (ar-infl-a collective construct dual genitive singulative triptote)
بِلْسَتَيْ (ar-infl-a collective construct dual genitive singulative triptote)
بَلَسَات (feminine indefinite informal paucal sound-form)
بُلْسَات (feminine indefinite informal paucal sound-form)
بِلْسَات (feminine indefinite informal paucal sound-form)
الْبَلَسَات (definite feminine informal paucal sound-form)
الْبُلْسَات (definite feminine informal paucal sound-form)
الْبِلْسَات (definite feminine informal paucal sound-form)
بَلَسَات (construct feminine informal paucal sound-form)
بُلْسَات (construct feminine informal paucal sound-form)
بِلْسَات (construct feminine informal paucal sound-form)
بَلَسَاتٌ (feminine indefinite nominative paucal sound-form)
بُلْسَاتٌ (feminine indefinite nominative paucal sound-form)
بِلْسَاتٌ (feminine indefinite nominative paucal sound-form)
الْبَلَسَاتُ (definite feminine nominative paucal sound-form)
الْبُلْسَاتُ (definite feminine nominative paucal sound-form)
الْبِلْسَاتُ (definite feminine nominative paucal sound-form)
بَلَسَاتُ (construct feminine nominative paucal sound-form)
بُلْسَاتُ (construct feminine nominative paucal sound-form)
بِلْسَاتُ (construct feminine nominative paucal sound-form)
بَلَسَاتٍ (accusative feminine indefinite paucal sound-form)
بُلْسَاتٍ (accusative feminine indefinite paucal sound-form)
بِلْسَاتٍ (accusative feminine indefinite paucal sound-form)
الْبَلَسَاتِ (accusative definite feminine paucal sound-form)
الْبُلْسَاتِ (accusative definite feminine paucal sound-form)
الْبِلْسَاتِ (accusative definite feminine paucal sound-form)
بَلَسَاتِ (accusative construct feminine paucal sound-form)
بُلْسَاتِ (accusative construct feminine paucal sound-form)
بِلْسَاتِ (accusative construct feminine paucal sound-form)
بَلَسَاتٍ (feminine genitive indefinite paucal sound-form)
بُلْسَاتٍ (feminine genitive indefinite paucal sound-form)
بِلْسَاتٍ (feminine genitive indefinite paucal sound-form)
الْبَلَسَاتِ (definite feminine genitive paucal sound-form)
الْبُلْسَاتِ (definite feminine genitive paucal sound-form)
الْبِلْسَاتِ (definite feminine genitive paucal sound-form)
بَلَسَاتِ (construct feminine genitive paucal sound-form)
بُلْسَاتِ (construct feminine genitive paucal sound-form)
بِلْسَاتِ (construct feminine genitive paucal sound-form)

→? Amharic: ምስር (məssər)

→ Ge'ez: ብርስን (bərsən)

→ Saho: birsin

→ Tigre: ብርስን (bərsən)

desc

→ Tigrinya: ብርስን (bərsən), ብርሱን (bərsun), ብርሽን (bəršən)

Elsewhere عَدَس (ʕadas), of which also Arabic عَلَس (ʕalas, “emmer”) is a variant.


زعتر

ar-noun

زَعْتَر • (zaʕtar) m

زَعْتَر (canonical)
zaʕtar (romanization)
زَعْتَر (indefinite informal singular triptote)
الزَّعْتَر (definite informal singular triptote)
زَعْتَر (construct informal singular triptote)
زَعْتَرٌ (indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الزَّعْتَرُ (definite nominative singular triptote)
زَعْتَرُ (construct nominative singular triptote)
زَعْتَرًا (accusative indefinite singular triptote)
الزَّعْتَرَ (accusative definite singular triptote)
زَعْتَرَ (accusative construct singular triptote)
زَعْتَرٍ (genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الزَّعْتَرِ (definite genitive singular triptote)
زَعْتَرِ (construct genitive singular triptote)

q

from the form <i class="Arab mention" lang="ar">صَعْتَر</i> (ṣaʕtar)

Maltese: sagħtar (from the form صَعْتَر (ṣaʕtar))

desc

Moroccan Arabic: زعتر (zaʕtar), صحتر (ṣaḥtar) (from the form صَعْتَر (ṣaʕtar))

Sicilian: satra

→ Middle Armenian: զահթեր (zahtʻer), սադիր (sadir)

→ Armenian: զաթար (zatʻar)

سعتر ,زعتر ,زاتر

→ Ottoman Turkish: سعتر (zater, sater)/زعتر (zater, sater)/زاتر (zater, sater)

Turkish: zater, sater

→ Swahili: zaatari

Assumed to be from Aramaic צתרא (ṣaṯrā, ṣāṯrā) / ܨܬܪܐ (ṣaṯrā, ṣāṯrā), the /a/ + /ʕ/ in Arabic a regular resolution of /aː/ giving a word an Arabic shape, like in Arabic لَعْل (laʕl) for Persian لال (lâl), or the /ʕ/ was previously present in Aramaic too. The form with the onset corresponding to the Aramaic, صَعْتَر (ṣaʕtar), is the most classical in Arabic.
The ultimate origin is speculative; the word is also found in Hebrew צַתְרָה (ṣátrā), Kurdish catirî, جاترە (catre), Middle Armenian ծոթրին (cotʻrin), and Latin saturēia. In one old view all are ultimately from the Latin term, the origin of which is unknown.
In Mandaville’s conception, there is an “old demonstrative s” seen in Akkadian 𒊭 (/ša/) “with the semantic effect of” Arabic ذُو (ḏū) prefixed to عِطْر (ʕiṭr, “scent”), hence the word means “that which has scent”. (Or is it the plant name عِتْر (ʕitr)? He writes ʿitr and glosses it “perfume”.)
However the oldest forms seem to be found in Akkadian 𒌑𒍝𒋼𒊒 (^(U₂).za-te-ru /zateru, ṣateru/, “savory and the Origanum family”) found in lexical lists connected to Akkadian 𒌑𒈛𒈥𒌅 (^(U₂).LUḪ.MAR.TU /šibburratu/, “an aromatic herb”) and Akkadian 𒍝𒄠𒁍𒊒𒊬 (za-am-bu-ru^(SAR) /zambūru/, “thyme”).
Of further curiosity is the possible attestation of the /ʕ/ preserved in cuneiform; it is common for the zero reflex of /ʕ/, to only be detectable in Akkadian by the e-coloring of an adjacent *a. The distance between Arabic and Akkadian and the lack of its presence in their likely intermediaries, possibly suggests a form of further common origin, albeit with a metathesis of /ʕ/ and /t/, and a retention of that form in Arabic, but not so in other Semitic tongues.

bor

ṣaṯrā, ṣāṯrā

unknown

speculative

cog

Hebrew צַתְרָה (ṣátrā)


شبث

ar-noun

شِبِثّ • (šibiṯṯ) m

شِبِثّ (canonical)
šibiṯṯ (romanization)
شِبِثّ (indefinite informal singular triptote)
الشِّبِثّ (definite informal singular triptote)
شِبِثّ (construct informal singular triptote)
شِبِثٌّ (indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الشِّبِثُّ (definite nominative singular triptote)
شِبِثُّ (construct nominative singular triptote)
شِبِثًّا (accusative indefinite singular triptote)
الشِّبِثَّ (accusative definite singular triptote)
شِبِثَّ (accusative construct singular triptote)
شِبِثٍّ (genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الشِّبِثِّ (definite genitive singular triptote)
شِبِثِّ (construct genitive singular triptote)

From Aramaic שִׁיבְתָא (šiḇəṯā), ܫܒܷܬܴ݁ܐ (šəḇettā), from Akkadian 𒅆𒂍𒌈 (/šibittu/). Cognate to Hebrew שֶׁבֶת (šéḇeṯ) and Persian شوید (ševid).

bor

Aramaic שִׁיבְתָא (šiḇəṯā)

cog

Hebrew שֶׁבֶת (šéḇeṯ)


قرنفل

ar-noun

قَرَنْفُل or قُرَنْفُل • (qaranful or quranful) m

قَرَنْفُل (canonical)
قُرَنْفُل (canonical)
qaranful (romanization)
quranful (romanization)
قَرَنْفُل (indefinite informal singular triptote)
قُرَنْفُل (indefinite informal singular triptote)
الْقَرَنْفُل (definite informal singular triptote)
الْقُرَنْفُل (definite informal singular triptote)
قَرَنْفُل (construct informal singular triptote)
قُرَنْفُل (construct informal singular triptote)
قَرَنْفُلٌ (indefinite nominative singular triptote)
قُرَنْفُلٌ (indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الْقَرَنْفُلُ (definite nominative singular triptote)
الْقُرَنْفُلُ (definite nominative singular triptote)
قَرَنْفُلُ (construct nominative singular triptote)
قُرَنْفُلُ (construct nominative singular triptote)
قَرَنْفُلًا (accusative indefinite singular triptote)
قُرَنْفُلًا (accusative indefinite singular triptote)
الْقَرَنْفُلَ (accusative definite singular triptote)
الْقُرَنْفُلَ (accusative definite singular triptote)
قَرَنْفُلَ (accusative construct singular triptote)
قُرَنْفُلَ (accusative construct singular triptote)
قَرَنْفُلٍ (genitive indefinite singular triptote)
قُرَنْفُلٍ (genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الْقَرَنْفُلِ (definite genitive singular triptote)
الْقُرَنْفُلِ (definite genitive singular triptote)
قَرَنْفُلِ (construct genitive singular triptote)
قُرَنْفُلِ (construct genitive singular triptote)

Maltese: qronfol

→ Aramaic:

Jewish Babylonian Aramaic: קרונפול

Classical Syriac: ܩܪܢܦܘܠܐ

→ Dhivehi: ކަރަންފޫ (karan̊fū)

→ Israeli Hebrew: קרנפול

→ Persian: قرنفل (qaranfol) (see there for further descendants)

→ Swahili: karafuu

→ Yoruba: kànáfùrù, kànnáfùrù

→ Hausa: kanumfari

Nupe: kannáfùrù

Imported from India. Compare Tamil கராம்பு (karāmpu), கிராம்பு (kirāmpu), കരയാമ്പ് (karayāmpŭ), ഗ്രാമ്പൂ (grāmpū), Sinhalese කරාබු (karābu), Tagalog klabong, klabos, kalabumpako, all meaning cloves. From the same source Ancient Greek καρυόφυλλον (karuóphullon), Amharic ቅርንፉድ (ḳərnəfud).

cog

وَمَنْزِلٍ لَيْسَ لَنَا بِمَنْزِلِ / وَلَا لِغَيْرِ الْغَادِيَاتِ الْهُطَّلِ
نَدِيِّ الْخُزَامَى ذَفِرِ الْقَرَنْفُلِ / مُحَلَّلٍ مِلْوَحْشِ لَمْ يُحَلَّلِ

10th century, Al-Mutanabbi, “Poem #201”, in The Works of 'Abū al-Ṭayyib al-Mutanabbī, volume 3, Dār Al-Ma‘rifah, published 1978, pages 201–202:

A place, which has never been a stop for us
Nor anyone but the show'ring daybreak-clouds,
With dewy lavenders, and fragrant cloves,
Settled by the wildlife, and no one else.

wamanzilin laysa lanā bimanzili / walā liḡayri l-ḡādiyāti l-huṭṭali
nadiyyi l-ḵuzāmā ḏafiri al-qaranfuli / muḥallalin milwaḥši lam yuḥallali

Syzygium aromaticum
Syzygium aromaticum#Translingual


لوز

لَوْز (canonical)
lawz (romanization)
لَوْزَة (feminine singulative)
لَوْز (collective indefinite informal triptote)
اللَّوْز (collective definite informal triptote)
لَوْز (collective construct informal triptote)
لَوْزٌ (collective indefinite nominative triptote)
اللَّوْزُ (collective definite nominative triptote)
لَوْزُ (collective construct nominative triptote)
لَوْزًا (accusative collective indefinite triptote)
اللَّوْزَ (accusative collective definite triptote)
لَوْزَ (accusative collective construct triptote)
لَوْزٍ (collective genitive indefinite triptote)
اللَّوْزِ (collective definite genitive triptote)
لَوْزِ (collective construct genitive triptote)
لَوْزَة (ar-infl-a collective indefinite informal singulative triptote)
اللَّوْزَة (ar-infl-a collective definite informal singulative triptote)
لَوْزَة (ar-infl-a collective construct informal singulative triptote)
لَوْزَةٌ (ar-infl-a collective indefinite nominative singulative triptote)
اللَّوْزَةُ (ar-infl-a collective definite nominative singulative triptote)
لَوْزَةُ (ar-infl-a collective construct nominative singulative triptote)
لَوْزَةً (accusative ar-infl-a collective indefinite singulative triptote)
اللَّوْزَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a collective definite singulative triptote)
لَوْزَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a collective construct singulative triptote)
لَوْزَةٍ (ar-infl-a collective genitive indefinite singulative triptote)
اللَّوْزَةِ (ar-infl-a collective definite genitive singulative triptote)
لَوْزَةِ (ar-infl-a collective construct genitive singulative triptote)
لَوْزَتَيْن (ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite informal singulative triptote)
اللَّوْزَتَيْن (ar-infl-a collective definite dual informal singulative triptote)
لَوْزَتَيْ (ar-infl-a collective construct dual informal singulative triptote)
لَوْزَتَانِ (ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite nominative singulative triptote)
اللَّوْزَتَانِ (ar-infl-a collective definite dual nominative singulative triptote)
لَوْزَتَا (ar-infl-a collective construct dual nominative singulative triptote)
لَوْزَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite singulative triptote)
اللَّوْزَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a collective definite dual singulative triptote)
لَوْزَتَيْ (accusative ar-infl-a collective construct dual singulative triptote)
لَوْزَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a collective dual genitive indefinite singulative triptote)
اللَّوْزَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a collective definite dual genitive singulative triptote)
لَوْزَتَيْ (ar-infl-a collective construct dual genitive singulative triptote)
لَوْزَات (feminine indefinite informal paucal sound-form)
اللَّوْزَات (definite feminine informal paucal sound-form)
لَوْزَات (construct feminine informal paucal sound-form)
لَوْزَاتٌ (feminine indefinite nominative paucal sound-form)
اللَّوْزَاتُ (definite feminine nominative paucal sound-form)
لَوْزَاتُ (construct feminine nominative paucal sound-form)
لَوْزَاتٍ (accusative feminine indefinite paucal sound-form)
اللَّوْزَاتِ (accusative definite feminine paucal sound-form)
لَوْزَاتِ (accusative construct feminine paucal sound-form)
لَوْزَاتٍ (feminine genitive indefinite paucal sound-form)
اللَّوْزَاتِ (definite feminine genitive paucal sound-form)
لَوْزَاتِ (construct feminine genitive paucal sound-form)

Maltese: lewż

Moroccan Arabic: لوز (lawz, lūz)

South Levantine Arabic: لوز (lōz)

→ Amharic: ለውዝ (läwz)

→ Middle Armenian: լավզ (lavz)

desctree

→ Ottoman Turkish: لوز (levz)
Turkish: levz

→ Persian: لوز (lowz)

→ Swahili: lozi


قنديل

ar-noun

قِنْدِيل • (qindīl) m (plural قَنَادِيل (qanādīl))

قِنْدِيل (canonical)
qindīl (romanization)
قَنَادِيل (plural)
قِنْدِيل (indefinite informal singular triptote)
الْقِنْدِيل (definite informal singular triptote)
قِنْدِيل (construct informal singular triptote)
قِنْدِيلٌ (indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الْقِنْدِيلُ (definite nominative singular triptote)
قِنْدِيلُ (construct nominative singular triptote)
قِنْدِيلًا (accusative indefinite singular triptote)
الْقِنْدِيلَ (accusative definite singular triptote)
قِنْدِيلَ (accusative construct singular triptote)
قِنْدِيلٍ (genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الْقِنْدِيلِ (definite genitive singular triptote)
قِنْدِيلِ (construct genitive singular triptote)
قِنْدِيلَيْن (dual indefinite informal singular triptote)
الْقِنْدِيلَيْن (definite dual informal singular triptote)
قِنْدِيلَيْ (construct dual informal singular triptote)
قِنْدِيلَانِ (dual indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الْقِنْدِيلَانِ (definite dual nominative singular triptote)
قِنْدِيلَا (construct dual nominative singular triptote)
قِنْدِيلَيْنِ (accusative dual indefinite singular triptote)
الْقِنْدِيلَيْنِ (accusative definite dual singular triptote)
قِنْدِيلَيْ (accusative construct dual singular triptote)
قِنْدِيلَيْنِ (dual genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الْقِنْدِيلَيْنِ (definite dual genitive singular triptote)
قِنْدِيلَيْ (construct dual genitive singular triptote)
قَنَادِيل (broken-form diptote indefinite informal plural)
الْقَنَادِيل (broken-form definite diptote informal plural)
قَنَادِيل (broken-form construct diptote informal plural)
قَنَادِيلُ (broken-form diptote indefinite nominative plural)
الْقَنَادِيلُ (broken-form definite diptote nominative plural)
قَنَادِيلُ (broken-form construct diptote nominative plural)
قَنَادِيلَ (accusative broken-form diptote indefinite plural)
الْقَنَادِيلَ (accusative broken-form definite diptote plural)
قَنَادِيلَ (accusative broken-form construct diptote plural)
قَنَادِيلَ (broken-form diptote genitive indefinite plural)
الْقَنَادِيلِ (broken-form definite diptote genitive plural)
قَنَادِيلِ (broken-form construct diptote genitive plural)

→ Azerbaijani: qəndil

→ Extremaduran: candil

→ Galician: candil

→ Leonese: candil

→ Ottoman Turkish: قنديل (ḳandil)

> Turkish: kandil (inherited)

desctree

→ Persian: قندیل (qandil)
→ Baluchi: کندیل (kandill)
→ Gujarati: કંદીલ (kandīl)
→ Hindustani:
Hindi: क़ंदील (qandīl), क़िंदील (qindīl)
Urdu: قندیل
→ Kannada: ಕಂದೀಲು (kandīlu)
→ Marathi: कंदील (kandīl)
→ Punjabi:
Gurmukhi script: ਕੰਦੀਲ (kandīl)
Shahmukhi script: قَندِیل (qandīl)

→ Portuguese: candil

→ Russian: кандиль (kandilʹ)

→ Spanish: candil

→ Swahili: kandili

→ Uyghur: قەندىل (qendil)

→ Uzbek: qandil

From Classical Syriac ܩܢܕܠܐ (qandēlā), from Ancient Greek κάνδηλα (kándēla), from Latin candēla (“candle”).


شمر

ar-noun

شَمَر • (šamar) m

شَمَر (canonical)
šamar (romanization)
شَمَر (indefinite informal singular triptote)
الشَّمَر (definite informal singular triptote)
شَمَر (construct informal singular triptote)
شَمَرٌ (indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الشَّمَرُ (definite nominative singular triptote)
شَمَرُ (construct nominative singular triptote)
شَمَرًا (accusative indefinite singular triptote)
الشَّمَرَ (accusative definite singular triptote)
شَمَرَ (accusative construct singular triptote)
شَمَرٍ (genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الشَّمَرِ (definite genitive singular triptote)
شَمَرِ (construct genitive singular triptote)

ar:شمرة (نبات)

From Aramaic, where attested forms include Jewish Babylonian Aramaic סִמְרָא, סִימְרָא (simrā), absolute state סְמַר (smar), Jewish Palestinian Aramaic שומרא (šummārā), Classical Syriac ܫܲܡܵܪܵܐ (šammārā) and ܫܘܼܡܵܪܵܐ (šummārā), all meaning fennel, deriving from Akkadian 𒌑𒄩 (šimru, simru, “fennel”), also found in Hebrew שֻׁמָּר (šummā́r, “fennel”) and שָׁמִיר (šāmī́r, “dill”), and likely Ugaritic 𐎘𐎎𐎗 (ṯmr, “likely fennel”). Related to Old Armenian շամրայ (šamray), շումրայ (šumray), a Semitic borrowing.


قلاع

ar-noun

قَلَاع • (qalāʕ) m


قسوس

قَسُّوس • (qassūs) m

قَسُّوس (canonical)
qassūs (romanization)
قَسُّوس (indefinite informal singular triptote)
الْقَسُّوس (definite informal singular triptote)
قَسُّوس (construct informal singular triptote)
قَسُّوسٌ (indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الْقَسُّوسُ (definite nominative singular triptote)
قَسُّوسُ (construct nominative singular triptote)
قَسُّوسًا (accusative indefinite singular triptote)
الْقَسُّوسَ (accusative definite singular triptote)
قَسُّوسَ (accusative construct singular triptote)
قَسُّوسٍ (genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الْقَسُّوسِ (definite genitive singular triptote)
قَسُّوسِ (construct genitive singular triptote)

قِسْتُوس قستوس#Arabic

Alternative form of قِسْتُوس (qistūs, “gum cistus”)


لبان

لُبَان • (lubān) m

لُبَان (canonical)
lubān (romanization)
لُبَان (indefinite informal singular triptote)
اللُّبَان (definite informal singular triptote)
لُبَان (construct informal singular triptote)
لُبَانٌ (indefinite nominative singular triptote)
اللُّبَانُ (definite nominative singular triptote)
لُبَانُ (construct nominative singular triptote)
لُبَانًا (accusative indefinite singular triptote)
اللُّبَانَ (accusative definite singular triptote)
لُبَانَ (accusative construct singular triptote)
لُبَانٍ (genitive indefinite singular triptote)
اللُّبَانِ (definite genitive singular triptote)
لُبَانِ (construct genitive singular triptote)


حمر

حُمَر (canonical)
حُمُر (canonical)
ḥumar (romanization)
ḥumur (romanization)
حُمَرَة (feminine singulative)
حُمُرَة (singulative)
حُمَر (collective indefinite informal triptote)
حُمُر (collective indefinite informal triptote)
الْحُمَر (collective definite informal triptote)
الْحُمُر (collective definite informal triptote)
حُمَر (collective construct informal triptote)
حُمُر (collective construct informal triptote)
حُمَرٌ (collective indefinite nominative triptote)
حُمُرٌ (collective indefinite nominative triptote)
الْحُمَرُ (collective definite nominative triptote)
الْحُمُرُ (collective definite nominative triptote)
حُمَرُ (collective construct nominative triptote)
حُمُرُ (collective construct nominative triptote)
حُمَرًا (accusative collective indefinite triptote)
حُمُرًا (accusative collective indefinite triptote)
الْحُمَرَ (accusative collective definite triptote)
الْحُمُرَ (accusative collective definite triptote)
حُمَرَ (accusative collective construct triptote)
حُمُرَ (accusative collective construct triptote)
حُمَرٍ (collective genitive indefinite triptote)
حُمُرٍ (collective genitive indefinite triptote)
الْحُمَرِ (collective definite genitive triptote)
الْحُمُرِ (collective definite genitive triptote)
حُمَرِ (collective construct genitive triptote)
حُمُرِ (collective construct genitive triptote)
حُمَرَة (ar-infl-a collective indefinite informal singulative triptote)
حُمُرَة (ar-infl-a collective indefinite informal singulative triptote)
الْحُمَرَة (ar-infl-a collective definite informal singulative triptote)
الْحُمُرَة (ar-infl-a collective definite informal singulative triptote)
حُمَرَة (ar-infl-a collective construct informal singulative triptote)
حُمُرَة (ar-infl-a collective construct informal singulative triptote)
حُمَرَةٌ (ar-infl-a collective indefinite nominative singulative triptote)
حُمُرَةٌ (ar-infl-a collective indefinite nominative singulative triptote)
الْحُمَرَةُ (ar-infl-a collective definite nominative singulative triptote)
الْحُمُرَةُ (ar-infl-a collective definite nominative singulative triptote)
حُمَرَةُ (ar-infl-a collective construct nominative singulative triptote)
حُمُرَةُ (ar-infl-a collective construct nominative singulative triptote)
حُمَرَةً (accusative ar-infl-a collective indefinite singulative triptote)
حُمُرَةً (accusative ar-infl-a collective indefinite singulative triptote)
الْحُمَرَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a collective definite singulative triptote)
الْحُمُرَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a collective definite singulative triptote)
حُمَرَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a collective construct singulative triptote)
حُمُرَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a collective construct singulative triptote)
حُمَرَةٍ (ar-infl-a collective genitive indefinite singulative triptote)
حُمُرَةٍ (ar-infl-a collective genitive indefinite singulative triptote)
الْحُمَرَةِ (ar-infl-a collective definite genitive singulative triptote)
الْحُمُرَةِ (ar-infl-a collective definite genitive singulative triptote)
حُمَرَةِ (ar-infl-a collective construct genitive singulative triptote)
حُمُرَةِ (ar-infl-a collective construct genitive singulative triptote)
حُمَرَتَيْن (ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite informal singulative triptote)
حُمُرَتَيْن (ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite informal singulative triptote)
الْحُمَرَتَيْن (ar-infl-a collective definite dual informal singulative triptote)
الْحُمُرَتَيْن (ar-infl-a collective definite dual informal singulative triptote)
حُمَرَتَيْ (ar-infl-a collective construct dual informal singulative triptote)
حُمُرَتَيْ (ar-infl-a collective construct dual informal singulative triptote)
حُمَرَتَانِ (ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite nominative singulative triptote)
حُمُرَتَانِ (ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite nominative singulative triptote)
الْحُمَرَتَانِ (ar-infl-a collective definite dual nominative singulative triptote)
الْحُمُرَتَانِ (ar-infl-a collective definite dual nominative singulative triptote)
حُمَرَتَا (ar-infl-a collective construct dual nominative singulative triptote)
حُمُرَتَا (ar-infl-a collective construct dual nominative singulative triptote)
حُمَرَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite singulative triptote)
حُمُرَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite singulative triptote)
الْحُمَرَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a collective definite dual singulative triptote)
الْحُمُرَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a collective definite dual singulative triptote)
حُمَرَتَيْ (accusative ar-infl-a collective construct dual singulative triptote)
حُمُرَتَيْ (accusative ar-infl-a collective construct dual singulative triptote)
حُمَرَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a collective dual genitive indefinite singulative triptote)
حُمُرَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a collective dual genitive indefinite singulative triptote)
الْحُمَرَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a collective definite dual genitive singulative triptote)
الْحُمُرَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a collective definite dual genitive singulative triptote)
حُمَرَتَيْ (ar-infl-a collective construct dual genitive singulative triptote)
حُمُرَتَيْ (ar-infl-a collective construct dual genitive singulative triptote)
حُمَرَات (feminine indefinite informal paucal sound-form)
حُمُرَات (feminine indefinite informal paucal sound-form)
الْحُمَرَات (definite feminine informal paucal sound-form)
الْحُمُرَات (definite feminine informal paucal sound-form)
حُمَرَات (construct feminine informal paucal sound-form)
حُمُرَات (construct feminine informal paucal sound-form)
حُمَرَاتٌ (feminine indefinite nominative paucal sound-form)
حُمُرَاتٌ (feminine indefinite nominative paucal sound-form)
الْحُمَرَاتُ (definite feminine nominative paucal sound-form)
الْحُمُرَاتُ (definite feminine nominative paucal sound-form)
حُمَرَاتُ (construct feminine nominative paucal sound-form)
حُمُرَاتُ (construct feminine nominative paucal sound-form)
حُمَرَاتٍ (accusative feminine indefinite paucal sound-form)
حُمُرَاتٍ (accusative feminine indefinite paucal sound-form)
الْحُمَرَاتِ (accusative definite feminine paucal sound-form)
الْحُمُرَاتِ (accusative definite feminine paucal sound-form)
حُمَرَاتِ (accusative construct feminine paucal sound-form)
حُمُرَاتِ (accusative construct feminine paucal sound-form)
حُمَرَاتٍ (feminine genitive indefinite paucal sound-form)
حُمُرَاتٍ (feminine genitive indefinite paucal sound-form)
الْحُمَرَاتِ (definite feminine genitive paucal sound-form)
الْحُمُرَاتِ (definite feminine genitive paucal sound-form)
حُمَرَاتِ (construct feminine genitive paucal sound-form)
حُمُرَاتِ (construct feminine genitive paucal sound-form)

→ Amharic: ሃሞር (hamor)

desc

→ Ge'ez: ሖመር (ḥomär), ሐሞር (ḥämor), ሐመር (ḥämär), ኆመር (ḫomär)

→ Saho: homar

→ Somali: homar, hamar

→ Tigre: ሖመር (ḥomär), ኆመር (ḫomär)

→ Tigrinya: ሖመር (ḥomär), ሕሞር (ḥəmor), ሑሞር (ḥumor), ሕምር (ḥəmər), ሃመር (hamär), ሆመር (homär), ህሞር (həmor)

Root
 ح م ر (ḥ m r)
 0 terms
From أَحْمَر (ʔaḥmar, “red”) for the red colour of the fruits.

Tamarindus indica
Tamarindus indica#Translingual

tamarind-tree (Tamarindus indica), the only species in Tamarindus


خوخ

خَوْخ (canonical)
ḵawḵ (romanization)
خَوْخَة (feminine singulative)
خَوْخ (collective indefinite informal triptote)
الْخَوْخ (collective definite informal triptote)
خَوْخ (collective construct informal triptote)
خَوْخٌ (collective indefinite nominative triptote)
الْخَوْخُ (collective definite nominative triptote)
خَوْخُ (collective construct nominative triptote)
خَوْخًا (accusative collective indefinite triptote)
الْخَوْخَ (accusative collective definite triptote)
خَوْخَ (accusative collective construct triptote)
خَوْخٍ (collective genitive indefinite triptote)
الْخَوْخِ (collective definite genitive triptote)
خَوْخِ (collective construct genitive triptote)
خَوْخَة (ar-infl-a collective indefinite informal singulative triptote)
الْخَوْخَة (ar-infl-a collective definite informal singulative triptote)
خَوْخَة (ar-infl-a collective construct informal singulative triptote)
خَوْخَةٌ (ar-infl-a collective indefinite nominative singulative triptote)
الْخَوْخَةُ (ar-infl-a collective definite nominative singulative triptote)
خَوْخَةُ (ar-infl-a collective construct nominative singulative triptote)
خَوْخَةً (accusative ar-infl-a collective indefinite singulative triptote)
الْخَوْخَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a collective definite singulative triptote)
خَوْخَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a collective construct singulative triptote)
خَوْخَةٍ (ar-infl-a collective genitive indefinite singulative triptote)
الْخَوْخَةِ (ar-infl-a collective definite genitive singulative triptote)
خَوْخَةِ (ar-infl-a collective construct genitive singulative triptote)
خَوْخَتَيْن (ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite informal singulative triptote)
الْخَوْخَتَيْن (ar-infl-a collective definite dual informal singulative triptote)
خَوْخَتَيْ (ar-infl-a collective construct dual informal singulative triptote)
خَوْخَتَانِ (ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite nominative singulative triptote)
الْخَوْخَتَانِ (ar-infl-a collective definite dual nominative singulative triptote)
خَوْخَتَا (ar-infl-a collective construct dual nominative singulative triptote)
خَوْخَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite singulative triptote)
الْخَوْخَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a collective definite dual singulative triptote)
خَوْخَتَيْ (accusative ar-infl-a collective construct dual singulative triptote)
خَوْخَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a collective dual genitive indefinite singulative triptote)
الْخَوْخَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a collective definite dual genitive singulative triptote)
خَوْخَتَيْ (ar-infl-a collective construct dual genitive singulative triptote)
خَوْخَات (feminine indefinite informal paucal sound-form)
الْخَوْخَات (definite feminine informal paucal sound-form)
خَوْخَات (construct feminine informal paucal sound-form)
خَوْخَاتٌ (feminine indefinite nominative paucal sound-form)
الْخَوْخَاتُ (definite feminine nominative paucal sound-form)
خَوْخَاتُ (construct feminine nominative paucal sound-form)
خَوْخَاتٍ (accusative feminine indefinite paucal sound-form)
الْخَوْخَاتِ (accusative definite feminine paucal sound-form)
خَوْخَاتِ (accusative construct feminine paucal sound-form)
خَوْخَاتٍ (feminine genitive indefinite paucal sound-form)
الْخَوْخَاتِ (definite feminine genitive paucal sound-form)
خَوْخَاتِ (construct feminine genitive paucal sound-form)

Maltese: ħawħ

→ Amharic: ኮክ (kok)

→ Blin: ኮክ (kok)

→ Ge'ez: ኮክ (kok), ኮክሕ (kokəḥ), ኮክህ (kokəh), ኆኅ (ḫoḫ), ኆህ (ḫoh)

→ Harari: ኁኂ (ḫūḫi)

Kurdish:

→ Northern Kurdish: xox

→ Central Kurdish: قۆخ (qox), کۆخ (kox)

→ Southern Kurdish: قووخ (qûx), کووخ (kûx)

→ Middle Armenian: խոխ (xox)

→ Saho: kak

→ Gurage: ኩክ (kuk)

→ Tigre: ኮክ (kok)

→ Tigrinya: ኩኽ (kux)

→ Zazaki: xewx, xox

From Aramaic חוֹחַא (ḥōḥā, “thornbush”), likely originally referring to the Prunus spinosa variety, commonly known as blackthorn; cognates with Classical Syriac ܚܘܚܐ (ḥōḥā, “thornbush”), and Hebrew חוֹחַ (ḥōaḥ, “thornbush”), Jewish Babylonian Aramaic חָחָא / חָאחָא (ḥaḥḥā, “plum”), Classical Syriac ܚܲܚܵܐ (ḥaḥḥā, “plum”). Possibly an ancient Turkic borrowing, belonging to the family of Azerbaijani göyəm (“sloe”) (see there for more Turkic).

cog

a fruit of the genus Prunus (plum, peach, apricot, cherry); often one sort in particular, but with regional differences

Syria; Jordan; Oman; Syria; Jordan; Oman


صبار

صَبَّار (canonical)
صُبَّار (canonical)
ṣabbār (romanization)
ṣubbār (romanization)
صَبَّارَة (feminine singulative)
صُبَّارَة (singulative)
صَبَّار (collective indefinite informal triptote)
صُبَّار (collective indefinite informal triptote)
الصَّبَّار (collective definite informal triptote)
الصُّبَّار (collective definite informal triptote)
صَبَّار (collective construct informal triptote)
صُبَّار (collective construct informal triptote)
صَبَّارٌ (collective indefinite nominative triptote)
صُبَّارٌ (collective indefinite nominative triptote)
الصَّبَّارُ (collective definite nominative triptote)
الصُّبَّارُ (collective definite nominative triptote)
صَبَّارُ (collective construct nominative triptote)
صُبَّارُ (collective construct nominative triptote)
صَبَّارًا (accusative collective indefinite triptote)
صُبَّارًا (accusative collective indefinite triptote)
الصَّبَّارَ (accusative collective definite triptote)
الصُّبَّارَ (accusative collective definite triptote)
صَبَّارَ (accusative collective construct triptote)
صُبَّارَ (accusative collective construct triptote)
صَبَّارٍ (collective genitive indefinite triptote)
صُبَّارٍ (collective genitive indefinite triptote)
الصَّبَّارِ (collective definite genitive triptote)
الصُّبَّارِ (collective definite genitive triptote)
صَبَّارِ (collective construct genitive triptote)
صُبَّارِ (collective construct genitive triptote)
صَبَّارَة (ar-infl-a collective indefinite informal singulative triptote)
صُبَّارَة (ar-infl-a collective indefinite informal singulative triptote)
الصَّبَّارَة (ar-infl-a collective definite informal singulative triptote)
الصُّبَّارَة (ar-infl-a collective definite informal singulative triptote)
صَبَّارَة (ar-infl-a collective construct informal singulative triptote)
صُبَّارَة (ar-infl-a collective construct informal singulative triptote)
صَبَّارَةٌ (ar-infl-a collective indefinite nominative singulative triptote)
صُبَّارَةٌ (ar-infl-a collective indefinite nominative singulative triptote)
الصَّبَّارَةُ (ar-infl-a collective definite nominative singulative triptote)
الصُّبَّارَةُ (ar-infl-a collective definite nominative singulative triptote)
صَبَّارَةُ (ar-infl-a collective construct nominative singulative triptote)
صُبَّارَةُ (ar-infl-a collective construct nominative singulative triptote)
صَبَّارَةً (accusative ar-infl-a collective indefinite singulative triptote)
صُبَّارَةً (accusative ar-infl-a collective indefinite singulative triptote)
الصَّبَّارَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a collective definite singulative triptote)
الصُّبَّارَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a collective definite singulative triptote)
صَبَّارَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a collective construct singulative triptote)
صُبَّارَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a collective construct singulative triptote)
صَبَّارَةٍ (ar-infl-a collective genitive indefinite singulative triptote)
صُبَّارَةٍ (ar-infl-a collective genitive indefinite singulative triptote)
الصَّبَّارَةِ (ar-infl-a collective definite genitive singulative triptote)
الصُّبَّارَةِ (ar-infl-a collective definite genitive singulative triptote)
صَبَّارَةِ (ar-infl-a collective construct genitive singulative triptote)
صُبَّارَةِ (ar-infl-a collective construct genitive singulative triptote)
صَبَّارَتَيْن (ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite informal singulative triptote)
صُبَّارَتَيْن (ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite informal singulative triptote)
الصَّبَّارَتَيْن (ar-infl-a collective definite dual informal singulative triptote)
الصُّبَّارَتَيْن (ar-infl-a collective definite dual informal singulative triptote)
صَبَّارَتَيْ (ar-infl-a collective construct dual informal singulative triptote)
صُبَّارَتَيْ (ar-infl-a collective construct dual informal singulative triptote)
صَبَّارَتَانِ (ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite nominative singulative triptote)
صُبَّارَتَانِ (ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite nominative singulative triptote)
الصَّبَّارَتَانِ (ar-infl-a collective definite dual nominative singulative triptote)
الصُّبَّارَتَانِ (ar-infl-a collective definite dual nominative singulative triptote)
صَبَّارَتَا (ar-infl-a collective construct dual nominative singulative triptote)
صُبَّارَتَا (ar-infl-a collective construct dual nominative singulative triptote)
صَبَّارَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite singulative triptote)
صُبَّارَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite singulative triptote)
الصَّبَّارَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a collective definite dual singulative triptote)
الصُّبَّارَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a collective definite dual singulative triptote)
صَبَّارَتَيْ (accusative ar-infl-a collective construct dual singulative triptote)
صُبَّارَتَيْ (accusative ar-infl-a collective construct dual singulative triptote)
صَبَّارَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a collective dual genitive indefinite singulative triptote)
صُبَّارَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a collective dual genitive indefinite singulative triptote)
الصَّبَّارَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a collective definite dual genitive singulative triptote)
الصُّبَّارَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a collective definite dual genitive singulative triptote)
صَبَّارَتَيْ (ar-infl-a collective construct dual genitive singulative triptote)
صُبَّارَتَيْ (ar-infl-a collective construct dual genitive singulative triptote)
صَبَّارَات (feminine indefinite informal paucal sound-form)
صُبَّارَات (feminine indefinite informal paucal sound-form)
الصَّبَّارَات (definite feminine informal paucal sound-form)
الصُّبَّارَات (definite feminine informal paucal sound-form)
صَبَّارَات (construct feminine informal paucal sound-form)
صُبَّارَات (construct feminine informal paucal sound-form)
صَبَّارَاتٌ (feminine indefinite nominative paucal sound-form)
صُبَّارَاتٌ (feminine indefinite nominative paucal sound-form)
الصَّبَّارَاتُ (definite feminine nominative paucal sound-form)
الصُّبَّارَاتُ (definite feminine nominative paucal sound-form)
صَبَّارَاتُ (construct feminine nominative paucal sound-form)
صُبَّارَاتُ (construct feminine nominative paucal sound-form)
صَبَّارَاتٍ (accusative feminine indefinite paucal sound-form)
صُبَّارَاتٍ (accusative feminine indefinite paucal sound-form)
الصَّبَّارَاتِ (accusative definite feminine paucal sound-form)
الصُّبَّارَاتِ (accusative definite feminine paucal sound-form)
صَبَّارَاتِ (accusative construct feminine paucal sound-form)
صُبَّارَاتِ (accusative construct feminine paucal sound-form)
صَبَّارَاتٍ (feminine genitive indefinite paucal sound-form)
صُبَّارَاتٍ (feminine genitive indefinite paucal sound-form)
الصَّبَّارَاتِ (definite feminine genitive paucal sound-form)
الصُّبَّارَاتِ (definite feminine genitive paucal sound-form)
صَبَّارَاتِ (construct feminine genitive paucal sound-form)
صُبَّارَاتِ (construct feminine genitive paucal sound-form)

Maltese: sabbara

→ Catalan: atzavara

→ Hebrew: צַבָּר (ṣabbār)

→ Portuguese: acibara

→ Sicilian: zabbara, zammara

→ Old Spanish: azabara

desc

Spanish: alcibara, acibara, alcibera, alzabara, alzavara, cimbara (Murcian and Andalusi)

Spanish: zabila, zabida, zábila, zábida

Variant of صَبْر (ṣabr), صَبِر (ṣabir, “aloe”), also vocalized صِبْر (ṣibr) and صِبَر (ṣibar) in al-Andalus—compare for this formation the relation of شَجَر (šajar), شِجَر (šijar), شِجَار (šijār, “figs”); on their root pages either exposed as Aramaic borrowings.

(proscribed) alternative form of صَبِر (ṣabir, “aloe, aloe vera”)


تفاح

تُفَّاح (canonical)
tuffāḥ (romanization)
تُفَّاحَة (feminine singulative)
تُفَّاح (collective indefinite informal triptote)
التُّفَّاح (collective definite informal triptote)
تُفَّاح (collective construct informal triptote)
تُفَّاحٌ (collective indefinite nominative triptote)
التُّفَّاحُ (collective definite nominative triptote)
تُفَّاحُ (collective construct nominative triptote)
تُفَّاحًا (accusative collective indefinite triptote)
التُّفَّاحَ (accusative collective definite triptote)
تُفَّاحَ (accusative collective construct triptote)
تُفَّاحٍ (collective genitive indefinite triptote)
التُّفَّاحِ (collective definite genitive triptote)
تُفَّاحِ (collective construct genitive triptote)
تُفَّاحَة (ar-infl-a collective indefinite informal singulative triptote)
التُّفَّاحَة (ar-infl-a collective definite informal singulative triptote)
تُفَّاحَة (ar-infl-a collective construct informal singulative triptote)
تُفَّاحَةٌ (ar-infl-a collective indefinite nominative singulative triptote)
التُّفَّاحَةُ (ar-infl-a collective definite nominative singulative triptote)
تُفَّاحَةُ (ar-infl-a collective construct nominative singulative triptote)
تُفَّاحَةً (accusative ar-infl-a collective indefinite singulative triptote)
التُّفَّاحَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a collective definite singulative triptote)
تُفَّاحَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a collective construct singulative triptote)
تُفَّاحَةٍ (ar-infl-a collective genitive indefinite singulative triptote)
التُّفَّاحَةِ (ar-infl-a collective definite genitive singulative triptote)
تُفَّاحَةِ (ar-infl-a collective construct genitive singulative triptote)
تُفَّاحَتَيْن (ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite informal singulative triptote)
التُّفَّاحَتَيْن (ar-infl-a collective definite dual informal singulative triptote)
تُفَّاحَتَيْ (ar-infl-a collective construct dual informal singulative triptote)
تُفَّاحَتَانِ (ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite nominative singulative triptote)
التُّفَّاحَتَانِ (ar-infl-a collective definite dual nominative singulative triptote)
تُفَّاحَتَا (ar-infl-a collective construct dual nominative singulative triptote)
تُفَّاحَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite singulative triptote)
التُّفَّاحَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a collective definite dual singulative triptote)
تُفَّاحَتَيْ (accusative ar-infl-a collective construct dual singulative triptote)
تُفَّاحَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a collective dual genitive indefinite singulative triptote)
التُّفَّاحَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a collective definite dual genitive singulative triptote)
تُفَّاحَتَيْ (ar-infl-a collective construct dual genitive singulative triptote)
تُفَّاحَات (feminine indefinite informal paucal sound-form)
التُّفَّاحَات (definite feminine informal paucal sound-form)
تُفَّاحَات (construct feminine informal paucal sound-form)
تُفَّاحَاتٌ (feminine indefinite nominative paucal sound-form)
التُّفَّاحَاتُ (definite feminine nominative paucal sound-form)
تُفَّاحَاتُ (construct feminine nominative paucal sound-form)
تُفَّاحَاتٍ (accusative feminine indefinite paucal sound-form)
التُّفَّاحَاتِ (accusative definite feminine paucal sound-form)
تُفَّاحَاتِ (accusative construct feminine paucal sound-form)
تُفَّاحَاتٍ (feminine genitive indefinite paucal sound-form)
التُّفَّاحَاتِ (definite feminine genitive paucal sound-form)
تُفَّاحَاتِ (construct feminine genitive paucal sound-form)

Maltese: tuffieħ

→ Afar: tuffáac

→ Amharic: ቱፋሕ (tufaḥ), ቱፋ (tufa)

→ Ge'ez: ትፋሕ (təffaḥ), ትፉሕ (təffuḥ), ተፋሕ (täffaḥ), ተፉሕ (täffuḥ), ቱፋሕ (tuffaḥ)

→ Harari: ቱፋሕ (tuffaḥ)

→ Malay: tufah, topoh (in Kelantan)

→ Somali: tufaax

→ Swahili: tufaha, tufaa, tofaa

→ Tigre: ቶፋሕ (tofaḥ)

→ Tigrinya: ቱፋሕ (tufaḥ)

According to Fraenkel, a borrowing from Aramaic, but the putative etymon is not unambiguously attested in Aramaic. More prominent in Hebrew תַּפּוּחַ (tappū́aḥ), Ugaritic 𐎚𐎔𐎈 (tpḥ), Punic *𐤕𐤐𐤇 (*tpḥ /tappūḥ/) and Semitic-borrowed Late Egyptian ḏpḥ up to Coptic ϫⲙⲡⲉϩ (čmpeh) etc.


حناء

ar-noun

حِنَّاء • (ḥinnāʔ) m (plural حُنْآن (ḥunʔān))

حِنَّاء (canonical)
ḥinnāʔ (romanization)
حُنْآن (plural)
حِنَّاء (indefinite informal singular triptote)
الْحِنَّاء (definite informal singular triptote)
حِنَّاء (construct informal singular triptote)
حِنَّاءٌ (indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الْحِنَّاءُ (definite nominative singular triptote)
حِنَّاءُ (construct nominative singular triptote)
حِنَّاءً (accusative indefinite singular triptote)
الْحِنَّاءَ (accusative definite singular triptote)
حِنَّاءَ (accusative construct singular triptote)
حِنَّاءٍ (genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الْحِنَّاءِ (definite genitive singular triptote)
حِنَّاءِ (construct genitive singular triptote)

Gulf Arabic: حنة (ḥinna)

Moroccan Arabic: حنة (ḥanna)

→ Afar: cinna

→ Amharic: ሒና (ḥina), ሂና (hina)

→ Catalan: alquena, henna

desctree

→ Classical Persian: حِنَّا (hinnā)
Dari: حِنَا (hinā), حِنَاء (hinā') (prescribed, uncommon)
Iranian Persian: حنا (hanâ)
Tajik: ҳино (hino)
Bengali: হেনা (hena)
→ Hindustani:
Hindi: हिना (hinā)
Urdu: حِنَا (hinā)
→ Punjabi:
Gurmukhi script: ਹਿਨਾ (hinā)
Shahmukhi script: حِنَا (ḥinā)

→ English: henna
→ Greek: χένα (chéna)

→ German: Henna

→ Polish: henna

→ French: henné

→ Italian: henné

→ Harari: ሒና (ḥinna)

desc

→ Hebrew: חִינָה (ḥī́nā)

→ Hebrew: חִינָה (ḥī́nā)

→ Kazakh: қына (qyna)

→ Medieval Latin: alcanna, alcenna, alhenna

→ English: alcanna

→ French: alcana

→ Italian: alcanna

→ Spanish: alcana

→ Malay: inai

→ Portuguese: hena

→ Russian: хна (xna)

դհունաղհունար

⇒ Old Armenian: դհունաղհունար (dhunałhunar), հունաղհունար (hunałhunar)

→ Old Spanish: alhenna

Spanish: alheña

→ Ottoman Turkish: قنا (kına)

Turkish: kına

→ French: kenna

→ Greek: κίνα (kína)

→ Bulgarian: къна́ (kǎná)

→ Macedonian: кана (kana)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ка̀на

Latin script: kàna

→ Tigre: ሕና (ḥənna)

Unknown chain of etymology, but based on the era of Aramaic equivalents which are taken to be Arabisms and its absence from earlier Semitic languages, the dating seems to suggest the Abbasid Era, a period with great Iranian court influence. Ultimately being derived from Middle Persian hndwtn' (/handūdan/), its stem hndʾd (/*handāy-, *hannāy-/, “to smear, to plaster, to anoint”); a semantic cognate or calque translation with its Semitic equivalent the Qur'anic Arabic كَافُور (kāfūr, “Lawsonia inermis; alternatively identified as camphor”), from Arabic كَفَرَ (kafara, “to cover over”), a root connection found all across Semitic languages.
Compare Akkadian 𒇒𒌓𒀀 (kupru, “bitumen, pitch”), from Akkadian 𒅗𒉺𒊒 (kapāru, “to smear, to daub on”), Hebrew כֹּפֶר / כּוֺפֶר (kōp̱er, “pitch, tar; henna”), Aramaic כּוּפְרָא, Classical Syriac ܟܘܦܪܐ (kūp̄rā, “pitch, tar; henna”), Ugaritic 𐎋𐎔𐎗 (kpr, “henna”). For the Iranian compare Manichaean Middle Persian ʾnwdg (annōdag, “the anointed one, Messiah”), and Persian اندودن (andudan, “to besmear, to coat”).

noncog

כֹּפֶר / כּוֺפֶר

Aramaic כּוּפְרָא

cog

Lawsonia inermis
Lawsonia inermis#Translingual


رطبة

ar-noun

رَطْبَة • (raṭba) f

رَطْبَة (canonical)
raṭba (romanization)
رَطْبَة (ar-infl-a indefinite informal singular triptote)
الرَّطْبَة (ar-infl-a definite informal singular triptote)
رَطْبَة (ar-infl-a construct informal singular triptote)
رَطْبَةٌ (ar-infl-a indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الرَّطْبَةُ (ar-infl-a definite nominative singular triptote)
رَطْبَةُ (ar-infl-a construct nominative singular triptote)
رَطْبَةً (accusative ar-infl-a indefinite singular triptote)
الرَّطْبَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a definite singular triptote)
رَطْبَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a construct singular triptote)
رَطْبَةٍ (ar-infl-a genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الرَّطْبَةِ (ar-infl-a definite genitive singular triptote)
رَطْبَةِ (ar-infl-a construct genitive singular triptote)

→ Middle Armenian: ըռատպայ (əṙatpay)

Medicago sativa
Medicago sativa#Translingual

(obsolete) lucerne, alfalfa (Medicago sativa and its produce)


برتقال

بُرْتُقَال (canonical)
burtuqāl (romanization)
بُرْتُقَالَة (feminine singulative)
بُرْتُقَال (collective indefinite informal triptote)
الْبُرْتُقَال (collective definite informal triptote)
بُرْتُقَال (collective construct informal triptote)
بُرْتُقَالٌ (collective indefinite nominative triptote)
الْبُرْتُقَالُ (collective definite nominative triptote)
بُرْتُقَالُ (collective construct nominative triptote)
بُرْتُقَالًا (accusative collective indefinite triptote)
الْبُرْتُقَالَ (accusative collective definite triptote)
بُرْتُقَالَ (accusative collective construct triptote)
بُرْتُقَالٍ (collective genitive indefinite triptote)
الْبُرْتُقَالِ (collective definite genitive triptote)
بُرْتُقَالِ (collective construct genitive triptote)
بُرْتُقَالَة (ar-infl-a collective indefinite informal singulative triptote)
الْبُرْتُقَالَة (ar-infl-a collective definite informal singulative triptote)
بُرْتُقَالَة (ar-infl-a collective construct informal singulative triptote)
بُرْتُقَالَةٌ (ar-infl-a collective indefinite nominative singulative triptote)
الْبُرْتُقَالَةُ (ar-infl-a collective definite nominative singulative triptote)
بُرْتُقَالَةُ (ar-infl-a collective construct nominative singulative triptote)
بُرْتُقَالَةً (accusative ar-infl-a collective indefinite singulative triptote)
الْبُرْتُقَالَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a collective definite singulative triptote)
بُرْتُقَالَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a collective construct singulative triptote)
بُرْتُقَالَةٍ (ar-infl-a collective genitive indefinite singulative triptote)
الْبُرْتُقَالَةِ (ar-infl-a collective definite genitive singulative triptote)
بُرْتُقَالَةِ (ar-infl-a collective construct genitive singulative triptote)
بُرْتُقَالَتَيْن (ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite informal singulative triptote)
الْبُرْتُقَالَتَيْن (ar-infl-a collective definite dual informal singulative triptote)
بُرْتُقَالَتَيْ (ar-infl-a collective construct dual informal singulative triptote)
بُرْتُقَالَتَانِ (ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite nominative singulative triptote)
الْبُرْتُقَالَتَانِ (ar-infl-a collective definite dual nominative singulative triptote)
بُرْتُقَالَتَا (ar-infl-a collective construct dual nominative singulative triptote)
بُرْتُقَالَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite singulative triptote)
الْبُرْتُقَالَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a collective definite dual singulative triptote)
بُرْتُقَالَتَيْ (accusative ar-infl-a collective construct dual singulative triptote)
بُرْتُقَالَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a collective dual genitive indefinite singulative triptote)
الْبُرْتُقَالَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a collective definite dual genitive singulative triptote)
بُرْتُقَالَتَيْ (ar-infl-a collective construct dual genitive singulative triptote)
بُرْتُقَالَات (feminine indefinite informal paucal sound-form)
الْبُرْتُقَالَات (definite feminine informal paucal sound-form)
بُرْتُقَالَات (construct feminine informal paucal sound-form)
بُرْتُقَالَاتٌ (feminine indefinite nominative paucal sound-form)
الْبُرْتُقَالَاتُ (definite feminine nominative paucal sound-form)
بُرْتُقَالَاتُ (construct feminine nominative paucal sound-form)
بُرْتُقَالَاتٍ (accusative feminine indefinite paucal sound-form)
الْبُرْتُقَالَاتِ (accusative definite feminine paucal sound-form)
بُرْتُقَالَاتِ (accusative construct feminine paucal sound-form)
بُرْتُقَالَاتٍ (feminine genitive indefinite paucal sound-form)
الْبُرْتُقَالَاتِ (definite feminine genitive paucal sound-form)
بُرْتُقَالَاتِ (construct feminine genitive paucal sound-form)

desc

→ Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: ܦܘܼܪܬܩܵܠܵܐ (purtqālā)

via the variant بُرْتُقَان (burtuqān)

Egyptian Arabic: برتقان (burtuʔān)

North Levantine Arabic: برتقان (birtʔān)

South Levantine Arabic: بردقان (burdʔān)

→? Afar: burtukán

desctree

→ Amharic: ብርቱካን (bərtukan)
→? Afar: burtukán
→ Sidamo: burtukaane

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish پورتقال (portokal), or less likely from Greek πορτοκάλι (portokáli). Doublet of الْبُرْتُغَال (al-burtuḡāl, “Portugal”), taken directly from the Portuguese or through a Romance cognate.

doublet

الْبُرْتُغَال

Alternative form: بُرْتُقَان (burtuqān)