فجل

ar-verb

فَجَّلَ • (fajjala) II (non-past يُفَجِّلُ (yufajjilu), verbal noun تَفْجِيل (tafjīl))

فَجَّلَ (canonical)
fajjala (romanization)
يُفَجِّلُ (non-past)
تَفْجِيل (noun-from-verb)
تَفْجِيل (noun-from-verb)
مُفَجِّل (active participle)
مُفَجَّل (participle passive)
فَجَّلْتُ (active first-person indicative masculine past perfective singular)
فَجَّلْتَ (active indicative masculine past perfective second-person singular)
فَجَّلَ (active indicative masculine past perfective singular third-person)
فَجَّلْتُمَا (active dual indicative masculine past perfective second-person)
فَجَّلَا (active dual indicative masculine past perfective third-person)
فَجَّلْنَا (active first-person indicative masculine past perfective plural)
فَجَّلْتُمْ (active indicative masculine past perfective plural second-person)
فَجَّلُوا (active indicative masculine past perfective plural third-person)
فَجَّلْتُ (active feminine first-person indicative past perfective singular)
فَجَّلْتِ (active feminine indicative past perfective second-person singular)
فَجَّلَتْ (active feminine indicative past perfective singular third-person)
فَجَّلْتُمَا (active dual feminine indicative past perfective second-person)
فَجَّلَتَا (active dual feminine indicative past perfective third-person)
فَجَّلْنَا (active feminine first-person indicative past perfective plural)
فَجَّلْتُنَّ (active feminine indicative past perfective plural second-person)
فَجَّلْنَ (active feminine indicative past perfective plural third-person)
أُفَجِّلُ (active first-person imperfective indicative masculine non-past singular)
تُفَجِّلُ (active imperfective indicative masculine non-past second-person singular)
يُفَجِّلُ (active imperfective indicative masculine non-past singular third-person)
تُفَجِّلَانِ (active dual imperfective indicative masculine non-past second-person)
يُفَجِّلَانِ (active dual imperfective indicative masculine non-past third-person)
نُفَجِّلُ (active first-person imperfective indicative masculine non-past plural)
تُفَجِّلُونَ (active imperfective indicative masculine non-past plural second-person)
يُفَجِّلُونَ (active imperfective indicative masculine non-past plural third-person)
أُفَجِّلُ (active feminine first-person imperfective indicative non-past singular)
تُفَجِّلِينَ (active feminine imperfective indicative non-past second-person singular)
تُفَجِّلُ (active feminine imperfective indicative non-past singular third-person)
تُفَجِّلَانِ (active dual feminine imperfective indicative non-past second-person)
تُفَجِّلَانِ (active dual feminine imperfective indicative non-past third-person)
نُفَجِّلُ (active feminine first-person imperfective indicative non-past plural)
تُفَجِّلْنَ (active feminine imperfective indicative non-past plural second-person)
يُفَجِّلْنَ (active feminine imperfective indicative non-past plural third-person)
أُفَجِّلَ (active first-person masculine singular subjunctive)
تُفَجِّلَ (active masculine second-person singular subjunctive)
يُفَجِّلَ (active masculine singular subjunctive third-person)
تُفَجِّلَا (active dual masculine second-person subjunctive)
يُفَجِّلَا (active dual masculine subjunctive third-person)
نُفَجِّلَ (active first-person masculine plural subjunctive)
تُفَجِّلُوا (active masculine plural second-person subjunctive)
يُفَجِّلُوا (active masculine plural subjunctive third-person)
أُفَجِّلَ (active feminine first-person singular subjunctive)
تُفَجِّلِي (active feminine second-person singular subjunctive)
تُفَجِّلَ (active feminine singular subjunctive third-person)
تُفَجِّلَا (active dual feminine second-person subjunctive)
تُفَجِّلَا (active dual feminine subjunctive third-person)
نُفَجِّلَ (active feminine first-person plural subjunctive)
تُفَجِّلْنَ (active feminine plural second-person subjunctive)
يُفَجِّلْنَ (active feminine plural subjunctive third-person)
أُفَجِّلْ (active first-person jussive masculine singular)
تُفَجِّلْ (active jussive masculine second-person singular)
يُفَجِّلْ (active jussive masculine singular third-person)
تُفَجِّلَا (active dual jussive masculine second-person)
يُفَجِّلَا (active dual jussive masculine third-person)
نُفَجِّلْ (active first-person jussive masculine plural)
تُفَجِّلُوا (active jussive masculine plural second-person)
يُفَجِّلُوا (active jussive masculine plural third-person)
أُفَجِّلْ (active feminine first-person jussive singular)
تُفَجِّلِي (active feminine jussive second-person singular)
تُفَجِّلْ (active feminine jussive singular third-person)
تُفَجِّلَا (active dual feminine jussive second-person)
تُفَجِّلَا (active dual feminine jussive third-person)
نُفَجِّلْ (active feminine first-person jussive plural)
تُفَجِّلْنَ (active feminine jussive plural second-person)
يُفَجِّلْنَ (active feminine jussive plural third-person)
فَجِّلْ (active imperative masculine second-person singular)
فَجِّلَا (active dual imperative masculine second-person)
فَجِّلُوا (active imperative masculine plural second-person)
فَجِّلِي (active feminine imperative second-person singular)
فَجِّلَا (active dual feminine imperative second-person)
فَجِّلْنَ (active feminine imperative plural second-person)
فُجِّلْتُ (first-person indicative masculine passive past perfective singular)
فُجِّلْتَ (indicative masculine passive past perfective second-person singular)
فُجِّلَ (indicative masculine passive past perfective singular third-person)
فُجِّلْتُمَا (dual indicative masculine passive past perfective second-person)
فُجِّلَا (dual indicative masculine passive past perfective third-person)
فُجِّلْنَا (first-person indicative masculine passive past perfective plural)
فُجِّلْتُمْ (indicative masculine passive past perfective plural second-person)
فُجِّلُوا (indicative masculine passive past perfective plural third-person)
فُجِّلْتُ (feminine first-person indicative passive past perfective singular)
فُجِّلْتِ (feminine indicative passive past perfective second-person singular)
فُجِّلَتْ (feminine indicative passive past perfective singular third-person)
فُجِّلْتُمَا (dual feminine indicative passive past perfective second-person)
فُجِّلَتَا (dual feminine indicative passive past perfective third-person)
فُجِّلْنَا (feminine first-person indicative passive past perfective plural)
فُجِّلْتُنَّ (feminine indicative passive past perfective plural second-person)
فُجِّلْنَ (feminine indicative passive past perfective plural third-person)
أُفَجَّلُ (first-person imperfective indicative masculine non-past passive singular)
تُفَجَّلُ (imperfective indicative masculine non-past passive second-person singular)
يُفَجَّلُ (imperfective indicative masculine non-past passive singular third-person)
تُفَجَّلَانِ (dual imperfective indicative masculine non-past passive second-person)
يُفَجَّلَانِ (dual imperfective indicative masculine non-past passive third-person)
نُفَجَّلُ (first-person imperfective indicative masculine non-past passive plural)
تُفَجَّلُونَ (imperfective indicative masculine non-past passive plural second-person)
يُفَجَّلُونَ (imperfective indicative masculine non-past passive plural third-person)
أُفَجَّلُ (feminine first-person imperfective indicative non-past passive singular)
تُفَجَّلِينَ (feminine imperfective indicative non-past passive second-person singular)
تُفَجَّلُ (feminine imperfective indicative non-past passive singular third-person)
تُفَجَّلَانِ (dual feminine imperfective indicative non-past passive second-person)
تُفَجَّلَانِ (dual feminine imperfective indicative non-past passive third-person)
نُفَجَّلُ (feminine first-person imperfective indicative non-past passive plural)
تُفَجَّلْنَ (feminine imperfective indicative non-past passive plural second-person)
يُفَجَّلْنَ (feminine imperfective indicative non-past passive plural third-person)
أُفَجَّلَ (first-person masculine passive singular subjunctive)
تُفَجَّلَ (masculine passive second-person singular subjunctive)
يُفَجَّلَ (masculine passive singular subjunctive third-person)
تُفَجَّلَا (dual masculine passive second-person subjunctive)
يُفَجَّلَا (dual masculine passive subjunctive third-person)
نُفَجَّلَ (first-person masculine passive plural subjunctive)
تُفَجَّلُوا (masculine passive plural second-person subjunctive)
يُفَجَّلُوا (masculine passive plural subjunctive third-person)
أُفَجَّلَ (feminine first-person passive singular subjunctive)
تُفَجَّلِي (feminine passive second-person singular subjunctive)
تُفَجَّلَ (feminine passive singular subjunctive third-person)
تُفَجَّلَا (dual feminine passive second-person subjunctive)
تُفَجَّلَا (dual feminine passive subjunctive third-person)
نُفَجَّلَ (feminine first-person passive plural subjunctive)
تُفَجَّلْنَ (feminine passive plural second-person subjunctive)
يُفَجَّلْنَ (feminine passive plural subjunctive third-person)
أُفَجَّلْ (first-person jussive masculine passive singular)
تُفَجَّلْ (jussive masculine passive second-person singular)
يُفَجَّلْ (jussive masculine passive singular third-person)
تُفَجَّلَا (dual jussive masculine passive second-person)
يُفَجَّلَا (dual jussive masculine passive third-person)
نُفَجَّلْ (first-person jussive masculine passive plural)
تُفَجَّلُوا (jussive masculine passive plural second-person)
يُفَجَّلُوا (jussive masculine passive plural third-person)
أُفَجَّلْ (feminine first-person jussive passive singular)
تُفَجَّلِي (feminine jussive passive second-person singular)
تُفَجَّلْ (feminine jussive passive singular third-person)
تُفَجَّلَا (dual feminine jussive passive second-person)
تُفَجَّلَا (dual feminine jussive passive third-person)
نُفَجَّلْ (feminine first-person jussive passive plural)
تُفَجَّلْنَ (feminine jussive passive plural second-person)
يُفَجَّلْنَ (feminine jussive passive plural third-person)


ترنج

تُرُنْج (canonical)
turunj (romanization)
تُرُنْجَة (feminine singulative)
تُرُنْج (collective indefinite informal triptote)
التُّرُنْج (collective definite informal triptote)
تُرُنْج (collective construct informal triptote)
تُرُنْجٌ (collective indefinite nominative triptote)
التُّرُنْجُ (collective definite nominative triptote)
تُرُنْجُ (collective construct nominative triptote)
تُرُنْجًا (accusative collective indefinite triptote)
التُّرُنْجَ (accusative collective definite triptote)
تُرُنْجَ (accusative collective construct triptote)
تُرُنْجٍ (collective genitive indefinite triptote)
التُّرُنْجِ (collective definite genitive triptote)
تُرُنْجِ (collective construct genitive triptote)
تُرُنْجَة (ar-infl-a collective indefinite informal singulative triptote)
التُّرُنْجَة (ar-infl-a collective definite informal singulative triptote)
تُرُنْجَة (ar-infl-a collective construct informal singulative triptote)
تُرُنْجَةٌ (ar-infl-a collective indefinite nominative singulative triptote)
التُّرُنْجَةُ (ar-infl-a collective definite nominative singulative triptote)
تُرُنْجَةُ (ar-infl-a collective construct nominative singulative triptote)
تُرُنْجَةً (accusative ar-infl-a collective indefinite singulative triptote)
التُّرُنْجَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a collective definite singulative triptote)
تُرُنْجَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a collective construct singulative triptote)
تُرُنْجَةٍ (ar-infl-a collective genitive indefinite singulative triptote)
التُّرُنْجَةِ (ar-infl-a collective definite genitive singulative triptote)
تُرُنْجَةِ (ar-infl-a collective construct genitive singulative triptote)
تُرُنْجَتَيْن (ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite informal singulative triptote)
التُّرُنْجَتَيْن (ar-infl-a collective definite dual informal singulative triptote)
تُرُنْجَتَيْ (ar-infl-a collective construct dual informal singulative triptote)
تُرُنْجَتَانِ (ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite nominative singulative triptote)
التُّرُنْجَتَانِ (ar-infl-a collective definite dual nominative singulative triptote)
تُرُنْجَتَا (ar-infl-a collective construct dual nominative singulative triptote)
تُرُنْجَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite singulative triptote)
التُّرُنْجَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a collective definite dual singulative triptote)
تُرُنْجَتَيْ (accusative ar-infl-a collective construct dual singulative triptote)
تُرُنْجَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a collective dual genitive indefinite singulative triptote)
التُّرُنْجَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a collective definite dual genitive singulative triptote)
تُرُنْجَتَيْ (ar-infl-a collective construct dual genitive singulative triptote)
تُرُنْجَات (feminine indefinite informal paucal sound-form)
التُّرُنْجَات (definite feminine informal paucal sound-form)
تُرُنْجَات (construct feminine informal paucal sound-form)
تُرُنْجَاتٌ (feminine indefinite nominative paucal sound-form)
التُّرُنْجَاتُ (definite feminine nominative paucal sound-form)
تُرُنْجَاتُ (construct feminine nominative paucal sound-form)
تُرُنْجَاتٍ (accusative feminine indefinite paucal sound-form)
التُّرُنْجَاتِ (accusative definite feminine paucal sound-form)
تُرُنْجَاتِ (accusative construct feminine paucal sound-form)
تُرُنْجَاتٍ (feminine genitive indefinite paucal sound-form)
التُّرُنْجَاتِ (definite feminine genitive paucal sound-form)
تُرُنْجَاتِ (construct feminine genitive paucal sound-form)

→ Amharic: ትርንጎ (tərəngo)

→ Middle Armenian: թուրինջ (tʻurinǰ)

Armenian: թուրինջ (tʻurinǰ)

→ Catalan: taronja

→ Ge'ez: ትርንጐ (tərəngʷä)

→ Middle Georgian: თურინჯი (turinǯi)

desc

Georgian: თურინჯი (turinǯi), თრუნჯი (trunǯi)

→ Persian: ترنج (toronj)

→ Portuguese: toranja

→ Spanish: toronja

→ Sicilian: taroccu

→ Tigre: ትርንጎ (tərəngo), ትሩንጎ (tərungo)

→ Tigrinya: ትርንጒ (tərəngʷi)

desctree

→ Ottoman Turkish: ترنج (turunç, türünç), تورونج (turunç, türünç), تورنج (turunç, türünç)
Turkish: turunç

أُتْرُنْج (ʔutrunj) with epenthesis instead of prothesis.

mandorla, citrus-shape for a center-medallion, or the medallion itself


حماض

ar-noun

حُمَّاض • (ḥummāḍ) m

حُمَّاض (canonical)
ḥummāḍ (romanization)
حُمَّاض (indefinite informal singular triptote)
الْحُمَّاض (definite informal singular triptote)
حُمَّاض (construct informal singular triptote)
حُمَّاضٌ (indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الْحُمَّاضُ (definite nominative singular triptote)
حُمَّاضُ (construct nominative singular triptote)
حُمَّاضًا (accusative indefinite singular triptote)
الْحُمَّاضَ (accusative definite singular triptote)
حُمَّاضَ (accusative construct singular triptote)
حُمَّاضٍ (genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الْحُمَّاضِ (definite genitive singular triptote)
حُمَّاضِ (construct genitive singular triptote)

From the root ح م ض (ḥ-m-ḍ) as حَامِض m (ḥāmiḍ, “sour”), حَمْض m (ḥamḍ, “acid”; in Moroccan Arabic “lemon”).

ar-root

ح م ض (ḥ-m-ḍ)

حُمَّاضِيَّة

medieval stew made with citron; Oxalidaceae


دخن

ar-verb

دَخِنَ • (daḵina) I (non-past يَدْخَنُ (yadḵanu), verbal noun دَخَن (daḵan))

دَخِنَ (canonical)
daḵina (romanization)
يَدْخَنُ (non-past)
دَخَن (noun-from-verb)
دَخَن (noun-from-verb)
دَخِن (active participle)
أَدْخَن (active participle)
دَخِنْتُ (active first-person indicative masculine past perfective singular)
دَخِنْتَ (active indicative masculine past perfective second-person singular)
دَخِنَ (active indicative masculine past perfective singular third-person)
دَخِنْتُمَا (active dual indicative masculine past perfective second-person)
دَخِنَا (active dual indicative masculine past perfective third-person)
دَخِنَّا (active first-person indicative masculine past perfective plural)
دَخِنْتُمْ (active indicative masculine past perfective plural second-person)
دَخِنُوا (active indicative masculine past perfective plural third-person)
دَخِنْتُ (active feminine first-person indicative past perfective singular)
دَخِنْتِ (active feminine indicative past perfective second-person singular)
دَخِنَتْ (active feminine indicative past perfective singular third-person)
دَخِنْتُمَا (active dual feminine indicative past perfective second-person)
دَخِنَتَا (active dual feminine indicative past perfective third-person)
دَخِنَّا (active feminine first-person indicative past perfective plural)
دَخِنْتُنَّ (active feminine indicative past perfective plural second-person)
دَخِنَّ (active feminine indicative past perfective plural third-person)
أَدْخَنُ (active first-person imperfective indicative masculine non-past singular)
تَدْخَنُ (active imperfective indicative masculine non-past second-person singular)
يَدْخَنُ (active imperfective indicative masculine non-past singular third-person)
تَدْخَنَانِ (active dual imperfective indicative masculine non-past second-person)
يَدْخَنَانِ (active dual imperfective indicative masculine non-past third-person)
نَدْخَنُ (active first-person imperfective indicative masculine non-past plural)
تَدْخَنُونَ (active imperfective indicative masculine non-past plural second-person)
يَدْخَنُونَ (active imperfective indicative masculine non-past plural third-person)
أَدْخَنُ (active feminine first-person imperfective indicative non-past singular)
تَدْخَنِينَ (active feminine imperfective indicative non-past second-person singular)
تَدْخَنُ (active feminine imperfective indicative non-past singular third-person)
تَدْخَنَانِ (active dual feminine imperfective indicative non-past second-person)
تَدْخَنَانِ (active dual feminine imperfective indicative non-past third-person)
نَدْخَنُ (active feminine first-person imperfective indicative non-past plural)
تَدْخَنَّ (active feminine imperfective indicative non-past plural second-person)
يَدْخَنَّ (active feminine imperfective indicative non-past plural third-person)
أَدْخَنَ (active first-person masculine singular subjunctive)
تَدْخَنَ (active masculine second-person singular subjunctive)
يَدْخَنَ (active masculine singular subjunctive third-person)
تَدْخَنَا (active dual masculine second-person subjunctive)
يَدْخَنَا (active dual masculine subjunctive third-person)
نَدْخَنَ (active first-person masculine plural subjunctive)
تَدْخَنُوا (active masculine plural second-person subjunctive)
يَدْخَنُوا (active masculine plural subjunctive third-person)
أَدْخَنَ (active feminine first-person singular subjunctive)
تَدْخَنِي (active feminine second-person singular subjunctive)
تَدْخَنَ (active feminine singular subjunctive third-person)
تَدْخَنَا (active dual feminine second-person subjunctive)
تَدْخَنَا (active dual feminine subjunctive third-person)
نَدْخَنَ (active feminine first-person plural subjunctive)
تَدْخَنَّ (active feminine plural second-person subjunctive)
يَدْخَنَّ (active feminine plural subjunctive third-person)
أَدْخَنْ (active first-person jussive masculine singular)
تَدْخَنْ (active jussive masculine second-person singular)
يَدْخَنْ (active jussive masculine singular third-person)
تَدْخَنَا (active dual jussive masculine second-person)
يَدْخَنَا (active dual jussive masculine third-person)
نَدْخَنْ (active first-person jussive masculine plural)
تَدْخَنُوا (active jussive masculine plural second-person)
يَدْخَنُوا (active jussive masculine plural third-person)
أَدْخَنْ (active feminine first-person jussive singular)
تَدْخَنِي (active feminine jussive second-person singular)
تَدْخَنْ (active feminine jussive singular third-person)
تَدْخَنَا (active dual feminine jussive second-person)
تَدْخَنَا (active dual feminine jussive third-person)
نَدْخَنْ (active feminine first-person jussive plural)
تَدْخَنَّ (active feminine jussive plural second-person)
يَدْخَنَّ (active feminine jussive plural third-person)
اِدْخَنْ (active imperative masculine second-person singular)
اِدْخَنَا (active dual imperative masculine second-person)
اِدْخَنُوا (active imperative masculine plural second-person)
اِدْخَنِي (active feminine imperative second-person singular)
اِدْخَنَا (active dual feminine imperative second-person)
اِدْخَنَّ (active feminine imperative plural second-person)

to be smoky (to taste or smell of smoke, or filled with smoke)


طرخون

ar-noun

طَرْخُون • (ṭarḵūn) m

طَرْخُون (canonical)
ṭarḵūn (romanization)
طَرْخُون (indefinite informal singular triptote)
الطَّرْخُون (definite informal singular triptote)
طَرْخُون (construct informal singular triptote)
طَرْخُونٌ (indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الطَّرْخُونُ (definite nominative singular triptote)
طَرْخُونُ (construct nominative singular triptote)
طَرْخُونًا (accusative indefinite singular triptote)
الطَّرْخُونَ (accusative definite singular triptote)
طَرْخُونَ (accusative construct singular triptote)
طَرْخُونٍ (genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الطَّرْخُونِ (definite genitive singular triptote)
طَرْخُونِ (construct genitive singular triptote)

Andalusian Arabic: طرخون

desctree

→ Middle Armenian: թարխուն (tʻarxun), տարղօն (tarġōn), թարղօն (tʻarġōn), տարխոն (tarxon), տարղուն (tarġun), տարղոն (tarġon)
Armenian: թարխուն (tʻarxun)

→ Azerbaijani: tərxun

→ Georgian: ტარხუნა (ṭarxuna)

desc

→ Byzantine Greek: ταρχόν (tarkhón), τραχόν (trakhón)

desctree

→ Bulgarian: та́рос (táros)
→ Macedonian: тарос (taros)

→ Serbo-Croatian: (isolated)

Cyrillic script: тркос

Latin script: trkos

desc

→ Medieval Latin: tarhon, tarchon, tarcon, altarcon, tragon, tragum, dragon, dragum

→ Danish: dragon, dragun

→ Middle French: targon, dragon, estargon, estragon

French: estargon, estragon (see there for further descendants)

→ Middle Dutch: *dragon

Dutch: dragon

→ English: tarragon

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: тарагон

Latin script: taragon

→ German: Dragon, Dragun, Drachant, Drach, Trach

→ Polish: draganek

→ Hungarian: tárkony

→ Serbo-Croatian: (isolated)

Cyrillic script: таркањ

Latin script: tarkanj

→ Irish: dragan

→ Italian: targone, dragone

→ Manx: dragane

→ Swedish: dragon

→ Finnish: rakuuna

→ Persian: ترخون (tarxun)

→ Russian: тарху́н (tarxún)

→ Ukrainian: тарху́н (tarxún)

desctree

→ Ottoman Turkish: طرخون (tarhun, tarhon)
Turkish: tarhun
→ Aromanian: tãrhúne
→ Bulgarian: тарху́н (tarhún) (regional)
→ Macedonian: тархун (tarhun) (regional)
→ Romanian: tarhón
→ Serbo-Croatian: tarhun (isolated in Bosnia)

From Ancient Greek δρακόντιον (drakóntion, “edder-wort, Dracunculus vulgaris”, a plant with similar leaves, confused in pharmacopoeiae as both plants were not everywhere available), from δράκων (drákōn, “dragon, serpent”) relating to the shape of its leaves.

der

طرخون: الماهية: هو معروف قالوا: أن عاقر قرحا هو أصل الطرخون الجبلي.
الطبع: الظاهر أنه حار يابس إلى الثانية وإن كانت فيه قوة مخدرة.
وقال بعض من لا يعتمد عليهِ: إنه حار يابس.
الخواص: هو يجفف الرطوبات منشف لها وفيه تبريد ما نافع.
أعضاء النفس: يحدث وجع الحلق.
أعضاء الغذاء: عسر الهضم.
أعضاء النفض: يقطع شهوة الباه.

1025, ابن سينا [Avicenna], القانون في الطب [Canon Medicinae]:

Estragon: The quality: Well known, the say: That the Mount Atlas daisy is the root of the mountain estragon.
The nature: It appears hot and dry in the second grade, perchance of anesthetizing power.
Some who do not rely upon it say: It is hot and dry.
The peculiarities: It dries moistures, cleansing them, and there is a nice cooling effect.
Personal body parts: It causes ache of the throat.
Eating body parts: Hardship of digestion.
Beating organs: It cuts libido.

الثمرا هي من أنواع الشبرم وفي كتاب ابن سينا الشبرم ينبت في البساتين له قصب دقيق مستو ذو زغب وورق كورق الطرخون فيما أفدر وله لين

c. 1200, يحيى بن محمد بن أحمد بن العوام [yaḥyā ibn muḥammad ibn ʔaḥmad ibn al-ʕawwām], edited by José Antonio Banqueri, كتاب الفلاحة [Book on Agriculture], volume 2, Madrid: Imprenta Real, published 1802ᴵᴬ, Cap. 30, Art. 14, page 388:

The ṯamrā is a type of spurge and in Avicenna’s book the spurge grows in gardens and has tender and even sticks of down and leaves like the leaves of tarragon but larger and it is supple.

Artemisia dracunculus
Artemisia dracunculus#Translingual

tarragon, estragon (Artemisia dracunculus, growing plant and processed form)


سلق

سِلْق (canonical)
silq (romanization)
سِلْق (indefinite informal singular triptote)
السِّلْق (definite informal singular triptote)
سِلْق (construct informal singular triptote)
سِلْقٌ (indefinite nominative singular triptote)
السِّلْقُ (definite nominative singular triptote)
سِلْقُ (construct nominative singular triptote)
سِلْقًا (accusative indefinite singular triptote)
السِّلْقَ (accusative definite singular triptote)
سِلْقَ (accusative construct singular triptote)
سِلْقٍ (genitive indefinite singular triptote)
السِّلْقِ (definite genitive singular triptote)
سِلْقِ (construct genitive singular triptote)

→ Middle Armenian: սիլխ (silx)

Kurdish:

→ Northern Kurdish: silq, silk

→ Central Kurdish: سڵق (sillq)

→ Southern Kurdish: سڵق (sillq), زڵق (zillq)

Spanish: acelga

Portuguese: acelga

Galician: acelga

From Classical Syriac ܣܠܩܐ (silqā, selqā), from Aramaic סילקא, ultimately from Ancient Greek σικελικόν (sikelikón, literally “the Sicilian one”); cognate with Neo-Babylonian 𒌑𒋛𒅋𒋡 (/silqu/) itself a loan word from Aramaic, also a doublet of شَلْجَم (šaljam) through an Iranian loan.

Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris
Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris


فليفلة

ar-noun

فُلَيْفِلَات

فُلَيْفِلَة • (fulayfila) f (plural فُلَيْفِلَات (fulayfilāt))

فُلَيْفِلَة (canonical)
fulayfila (romanization)
فُلَيْفِلَات (plural)
فُلَيْفِلَة (ar-infl-a indefinite informal singular triptote)
الْفُلَيْفِلَة (ar-infl-a definite informal singular triptote)
فُلَيْفِلَة (ar-infl-a construct informal singular triptote)
فُلَيْفِلَةٌ (ar-infl-a indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الْفُلَيْفِلَةُ (ar-infl-a definite nominative singular triptote)
فُلَيْفِلَةُ (ar-infl-a construct nominative singular triptote)
فُلَيْفِلَةً (accusative ar-infl-a indefinite singular triptote)
الْفُلَيْفِلَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a definite singular triptote)
فُلَيْفِلَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a construct singular triptote)
فُلَيْفِلَةٍ (ar-infl-a genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الْفُلَيْفِلَةِ (ar-infl-a definite genitive singular triptote)
فُلَيْفِلَةِ (ar-infl-a construct genitive singular triptote)
فُلَيْفِلَتَيْن (ar-infl-a dual indefinite informal singular triptote)
الْفُلَيْفِلَتَيْن (ar-infl-a definite dual informal singular triptote)
فُلَيْفِلَتَيْ (ar-infl-a construct dual informal singular triptote)
فُلَيْفِلَتَانِ (ar-infl-a dual indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الْفُلَيْفِلَتَانِ (ar-infl-a definite dual nominative singular triptote)
فُلَيْفِلَتَا (ar-infl-a construct dual nominative singular triptote)
فُلَيْفِلَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a dual indefinite singular triptote)
الْفُلَيْفِلَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a definite dual singular triptote)
فُلَيْفِلَتَيْ (accusative ar-infl-a construct dual singular triptote)
فُلَيْفِلَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a dual genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الْفُلَيْفِلَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a definite dual genitive singular triptote)
فُلَيْفِلَتَيْ (ar-infl-a construct dual genitive singular triptote)
فُلَيْفِلَات (feminine indefinite informal plural sound-form)
الْفُلَيْفِلَات (definite feminine informal plural sound-form)
فُلَيْفِلَات (construct feminine informal plural sound-form)
فُلَيْفِلَاتٌ (feminine indefinite nominative plural sound-form)
الْفُلَيْفِلَاتُ (definite feminine nominative plural sound-form)
فُلَيْفِلَاتُ (construct feminine nominative plural sound-form)
فُلَيْفِلَاتٍ (accusative feminine indefinite plural sound-form)
الْفُلَيْفِلَاتِ (accusative definite feminine plural sound-form)
فُلَيْفِلَاتِ (accusative construct feminine plural sound-form)
فُلَيْفِلَاتٍ (feminine genitive indefinite plural sound-form)
الْفُلَيْفِلَاتِ (definite feminine genitive plural sound-form)
فُلَيْفِلَاتِ (construct feminine genitive plural sound-form)

Diminutive of فِلْفِل (filfil, “pepper”).


كمثرى

كُمَّثْرَى (canonical)
kummaṯrā (romanization)
كُمَّثْرَاة (feminine singulative)
كُمَّثْرَى (collective indefinite informal invariable)
الْكُمَّثْرَى (collective definite informal invariable)
كُمَّثْرَى (collective construct informal invariable)
كُمَّثْرَى (collective indefinite invariable nominative)
الْكُمَّثْرَى (collective definite invariable nominative)
كُمَّثْرَى (collective construct invariable nominative)
كُمَّثْرَى (accusative collective indefinite invariable)
الْكُمَّثْرَى (accusative collective definite invariable)
كُمَّثْرَى (accusative collective construct invariable)
كُمَّثْرَى (collective genitive indefinite invariable)
الْكُمَّثْرَى (collective definite genitive invariable)
كُمَّثْرَى (collective construct genitive invariable)
كُمَّثْرَاة (ar-infl-ah collective indefinite informal invariable singulative triptote)
الْكُمَّثْرَاة (ar-infl-ah collective definite informal invariable singulative triptote)
كُمَّثْرَاة (ar-infl-ah collective construct informal invariable singulative triptote)
كُمَّثْرَاةٌ (ar-infl-ah collective indefinite invariable nominative singulative triptote)
الْكُمَّثْرَاةُ (ar-infl-ah collective definite invariable nominative singulative triptote)
كُمَّثْرَاةُ (ar-infl-ah collective construct invariable nominative singulative triptote)
كُمَّثْرَاةً (accusative ar-infl-ah collective indefinite invariable singulative triptote)
الْكُمَّثْرَاةَ (accusative ar-infl-ah collective definite invariable singulative triptote)
كُمَّثْرَاةَ (accusative ar-infl-ah collective construct invariable singulative triptote)
كُمَّثْرَاةٍ (ar-infl-ah collective genitive indefinite invariable singulative triptote)
الْكُمَّثْرَاةِ (ar-infl-ah collective definite genitive invariable singulative triptote)
كُمَّثْرَاةِ (ar-infl-ah collective construct genitive invariable singulative triptote)
كُمَّثْرَاتَيْن (ar-infl-ah collective dual indefinite informal invariable singulative triptote)
الْكُمَّثْرَاتَيْن (ar-infl-ah collective definite dual informal invariable singulative triptote)
كُمَّثْرَاتَيْ (ar-infl-ah collective construct dual informal invariable singulative triptote)
كُمَّثْرَاتَانِ (ar-infl-ah collective dual indefinite invariable nominative singulative triptote)
الْكُمَّثْرَاتَانِ (ar-infl-ah collective definite dual invariable nominative singulative triptote)
كُمَّثْرَاتَا (ar-infl-ah collective construct dual invariable nominative singulative triptote)
كُمَّثْرَاتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-ah collective dual indefinite invariable singulative triptote)
الْكُمَّثْرَاتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-ah collective definite dual invariable singulative triptote)
كُمَّثْرَاتَيْ (accusative ar-infl-ah collective construct dual invariable singulative triptote)
كُمَّثْرَاتَيْنِ (ar-infl-ah collective dual genitive indefinite invariable singulative triptote)
الْكُمَّثْرَاتَيْنِ (ar-infl-ah collective definite dual genitive invariable singulative triptote)
كُمَّثْرَاتَيْ (ar-infl-ah collective construct dual genitive invariable singulative triptote)
كُمَّثْرَيَات (feminine indefinite informal paucal sound-form)
الْكُمَّثْرَيَات (definite feminine informal paucal sound-form)
كُمَّثْرَيَات (construct feminine informal paucal sound-form)
كُمَّثْرَيَاتٌ (feminine indefinite nominative paucal sound-form)
الْكُمَّثْرَيَاتُ (definite feminine nominative paucal sound-form)
كُمَّثْرَيَاتُ (construct feminine nominative paucal sound-form)
كُمَّثْرَيَاتٍ (accusative feminine indefinite paucal sound-form)
الْكُمَّثْرَيَاتِ (accusative definite feminine paucal sound-form)
كُمَّثْرَيَاتِ (accusative construct feminine paucal sound-form)
كُمَّثْرَيَاتٍ (feminine genitive indefinite paucal sound-form)
الْكُمَّثْرَيَاتِ (definite feminine genitive paucal sound-form)
كُمَّثْرَيَاتِ (construct feminine genitive paucal sound-form)

Borrowed from Classical Syriac ܟܘܡܬܪܐ (kummaṯrā) / Classical Syriac ܟܡܬܪܐ (kummaṯrā).

Pyrus communis
Pyrus communis#Translingual

pear (fruit and tree of Pyrus communis or Pyrus)


سفرجل

سَفَرْجَل (canonical)
safarjal (romanization)
سَفَرْجَلَة (feminine singulative)
سَفَارِج (plural)
سَفَرْجَل (collective indefinite informal triptote)
السَّفَرْجَل (collective definite informal triptote)
سَفَرْجَل (collective construct informal triptote)
سَفَرْجَلٌ (collective indefinite nominative triptote)
السَّفَرْجَلُ (collective definite nominative triptote)
سَفَرْجَلُ (collective construct nominative triptote)
سَفَرْجَلًا (accusative collective indefinite triptote)
السَّفَرْجَلَ (accusative collective definite triptote)
سَفَرْجَلَ (accusative collective construct triptote)
سَفَرْجَلٍ (collective genitive indefinite triptote)
السَّفَرْجَلِ (collective definite genitive triptote)
سَفَرْجَلِ (collective construct genitive triptote)
سَفَرْجَلَة (ar-infl-a collective indefinite informal singulative triptote)
السَّفَرْجَلَة (ar-infl-a collective definite informal singulative triptote)
سَفَرْجَلَة (ar-infl-a collective construct informal singulative triptote)
سَفَرْجَلَةٌ (ar-infl-a collective indefinite nominative singulative triptote)
السَّفَرْجَلَةُ (ar-infl-a collective definite nominative singulative triptote)
سَفَرْجَلَةُ (ar-infl-a collective construct nominative singulative triptote)
سَفَرْجَلَةً (accusative ar-infl-a collective indefinite singulative triptote)
السَّفَرْجَلَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a collective definite singulative triptote)
سَفَرْجَلَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a collective construct singulative triptote)
سَفَرْجَلَةٍ (ar-infl-a collective genitive indefinite singulative triptote)
السَّفَرْجَلَةِ (ar-infl-a collective definite genitive singulative triptote)
سَفَرْجَلَةِ (ar-infl-a collective construct genitive singulative triptote)
سَفَرْجَلَتَيْن (ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite informal singulative triptote)
السَّفَرْجَلَتَيْن (ar-infl-a collective definite dual informal singulative triptote)
سَفَرْجَلَتَيْ (ar-infl-a collective construct dual informal singulative triptote)
سَفَرْجَلَتَانِ (ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite nominative singulative triptote)
السَّفَرْجَلَتَانِ (ar-infl-a collective definite dual nominative singulative triptote)
سَفَرْجَلَتَا (ar-infl-a collective construct dual nominative singulative triptote)
سَفَرْجَلَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite singulative triptote)
السَّفَرْجَلَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a collective definite dual singulative triptote)
سَفَرْجَلَتَيْ (accusative ar-infl-a collective construct dual singulative triptote)
سَفَرْجَلَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a collective dual genitive indefinite singulative triptote)
السَّفَرْجَلَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a collective definite dual genitive singulative triptote)
سَفَرْجَلَتَيْ (ar-infl-a collective construct dual genitive singulative triptote)
سَفَرْجَلَات (feminine indefinite informal paucal sound-form)
السَّفَرْجَلَات (definite feminine informal paucal sound-form)
سَفَرْجَلَات (construct feminine informal paucal sound-form)
سَفَرْجَلَاتٌ (feminine indefinite nominative paucal sound-form)
السَّفَرْجَلَاتُ (definite feminine nominative paucal sound-form)
سَفَرْجَلَاتُ (construct feminine nominative paucal sound-form)
سَفَرْجَلَاتٍ (accusative feminine indefinite paucal sound-form)
السَّفَرْجَلَاتِ (accusative definite feminine paucal sound-form)
سَفَرْجَلَاتِ (accusative construct feminine paucal sound-form)
سَفَرْجَلَاتٍ (feminine genitive indefinite paucal sound-form)
السَّفَرْجَلَاتِ (definite feminine genitive paucal sound-form)
سَفَرْجَلَاتِ (construct feminine genitive paucal sound-form)
سَفَارِج (broken-form diptote feminine indefinite informal paucal plural sound-form)
السَّفَارِج (broken-form definite diptote feminine informal paucal plural sound-form)
سَفَارِج (broken-form construct diptote feminine informal paucal plural sound-form)
سَفَارِجُ (broken-form diptote feminine indefinite nominative paucal plural sound-form)
السَّفَارِجُ (broken-form definite diptote feminine nominative paucal plural sound-form)
سَفَارِجُ (broken-form construct diptote feminine nominative paucal plural sound-form)
سَفَارِجَ (accusative broken-form diptote feminine indefinite paucal plural sound-form)
السَّفَارِجَ (accusative broken-form definite diptote feminine paucal plural sound-form)
سَفَارِجَ (accusative broken-form construct diptote feminine paucal plural sound-form)
سَفَارِجَ (broken-form diptote feminine genitive indefinite paucal plural sound-form)
السَّفَارِجِ (broken-form definite diptote feminine genitive paucal plural sound-form)
سَفَارِجِ (broken-form construct diptote feminine genitive paucal plural sound-form)

Maltese: sfarġel

Moroccan Arabic: سفرجل (sfarjal)

→ Gujarati: સફરજન (sapharjan)

→ Malay: safarjal

→ Marathi: सफरचंद (sapharcanda)

→ Ottoman Turkish: سفرجل (sefercel)

Compare Aramaic אספרגלא / Classical Syriac ܐܣܦܪܓܠܐ (ʾespargəlā), Hebrew אִסְפַּרְגֵּל (ʾispargēl), Akkadian 𒄑𒄒𒆳𒊏 (/supurgillu/, “quince”), Old Armenian and Armenian սերկեւիլ (serkewil). All possibly from Hurrian.

cog

Aramaic אספרגלא

אִסְפַּרְגֵּל

Hebrew אִסְפַּרְגֵּל (ʾispargēl)


تين

تِين (canonical)
tīn (romanization)
تِينَة (feminine singulative)
تِين (collective indefinite informal triptote)
التِّين (collective definite informal triptote)
تِين (collective construct informal triptote)
تِينٌ (collective indefinite nominative triptote)
التِّينُ (collective definite nominative triptote)
تِينُ (collective construct nominative triptote)
تِينًا (accusative collective indefinite triptote)
التِّينَ (accusative collective definite triptote)
تِينَ (accusative collective construct triptote)
تِينٍ (collective genitive indefinite triptote)
التِّينِ (collective definite genitive triptote)
تِينِ (collective construct genitive triptote)
تِينَة (ar-infl-a collective indefinite informal singulative triptote)
التِّينَة (ar-infl-a collective definite informal singulative triptote)
تِينَة (ar-infl-a collective construct informal singulative triptote)
تِينَةٌ (ar-infl-a collective indefinite nominative singulative triptote)
التِّينَةُ (ar-infl-a collective definite nominative singulative triptote)
تِينَةُ (ar-infl-a collective construct nominative singulative triptote)
تِينَةً (accusative ar-infl-a collective indefinite singulative triptote)
التِّينَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a collective definite singulative triptote)
تِينَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a collective construct singulative triptote)
تِينَةٍ (ar-infl-a collective genitive indefinite singulative triptote)
التِّينَةِ (ar-infl-a collective definite genitive singulative triptote)
تِينَةِ (ar-infl-a collective construct genitive singulative triptote)
تِينَتَيْن (ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite informal singulative triptote)
التِّينَتَيْن (ar-infl-a collective definite dual informal singulative triptote)
تِينَتَيْ (ar-infl-a collective construct dual informal singulative triptote)
تِينَتَانِ (ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite nominative singulative triptote)
التِّينَتَانِ (ar-infl-a collective definite dual nominative singulative triptote)
تِينَتَا (ar-infl-a collective construct dual nominative singulative triptote)
تِينَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite singulative triptote)
التِّينَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a collective definite dual singulative triptote)
تِينَتَيْ (accusative ar-infl-a collective construct dual singulative triptote)
تِينَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a collective dual genitive indefinite singulative triptote)
التِّينَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a collective definite dual genitive singulative triptote)
تِينَتَيْ (ar-infl-a collective construct dual genitive singulative triptote)
تِينَات (feminine indefinite informal paucal sound-form)
التِّينَات (definite feminine informal paucal sound-form)
تِينَات (construct feminine informal paucal sound-form)
تِينَاتٌ (feminine indefinite nominative paucal sound-form)
التِّينَاتُ (definite feminine nominative paucal sound-form)
تِينَاتُ (construct feminine nominative paucal sound-form)
تِينَاتٍ (accusative feminine indefinite paucal sound-form)
التِّينَاتِ (accusative definite feminine paucal sound-form)
تِينَاتِ (accusative construct feminine paucal sound-form)
تِينَاتٍ (feminine genitive indefinite paucal sound-form)
التِّينَاتِ (definite feminine genitive paucal sound-form)
تِينَاتِ (construct feminine genitive paucal sound-form)

Maltese: tin

Egyptian Arabic: تين (tīn)

→ Ottoman Turkish: تین (tin)

→ Turkish: tin

→ Swahili: tini

While one might reconstruct a Proto-Semitic *tiʔin-, *taʔin-, which may well be true given the presence of the word in Old Akkadian, that would have yielded a retained glottal stop in Arabic as with بِئْر (biʔr) were the Arabic word inherited vocabulary, for which case also limited fig cultivation in barren Arabia must be considered. Therefore, the present term is deemed to have been borrowed from Aramaic תינה / ܬܝܢܐ (tēnā) – it is left open whether the singulative or collective came first. Compare Arabic بَلَس (balas, “fig”), seemingly borrowed from South Semitic.

وَٱلتِّينِ وَٱلزَّيْتُونِ


أنيسون

ar-noun

أَنِيسُون • (ʔanīsūn) m

أَنِيسُون (canonical)
ʔanīsūn (romanization)
أَنِيسُون (indefinite informal singular triptote)
الْأَنِيسُون (definite informal singular triptote)
أَنِيسُون (construct informal singular triptote)
أَنِيسُونٌ (indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الْأَنِيسُونُ (definite nominative singular triptote)
أَنِيسُونُ (construct nominative singular triptote)
أَنِيسُونًا (accusative indefinite singular triptote)
الْأَنِيسُونَ (accusative definite singular triptote)
أَنِيسُونَ (accusative construct singular triptote)
أَنِيسُونٍ (genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الْأَنِيسُونِ (definite genitive singular triptote)
أَنِيسُونِ (construct genitive singular triptote)

→ Persian: انیسون (anisun)

desc

→ Ottoman Turkish: آناصون (anason, anasun) (see there for further descendants)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ἄνισον (ánison), ultimately from Egyptian jnst.


كلخ

ar-noun

كَلْخ • (kalḵ) m

كَلْخ (canonical)
kalḵ (romanization)
كَلْخ (indefinite informal singular triptote)
الْكَلْخ (definite informal singular triptote)
كَلْخ (construct informal singular triptote)
كَلْخٌ (indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الْكَلْخُ (definite nominative singular triptote)
كَلْخُ (construct nominative singular triptote)
كَلْخًا (accusative indefinite singular triptote)
الْكَلْخَ (accusative definite singular triptote)
كَلْخَ (accusative construct singular triptote)
كَلْخٍ (genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الْكَلْخِ (definite genitive singular triptote)
كَلْخِ (construct genitive singular triptote)

From older قَلْح (qalḥ), from قِلَحْلَاح (qilaḥlāḥ), from Classical Syriac ܩܠܚܠܚܐ (qlaḥlāḥā, “giant fennel”), or the first form is directly from a specialized meaning of the source word this is augmented from, קַלְחָא (qalḥā), קוּלְחָא (qulḥā), קִילְחָא (qilḥā, “stalk, stem”). Compare also لَحْلَاح (laḥlāḥ, “Colchicum spp.”) to which in turn a general meaning of the augmentative form has lead.


كبيس

ar-adj

كَبِيس • (kabīs)

كَبِيس (canonical)
kabīs (romanization)
كَبِيس (indefinite informal masculine singular triptote)
الْكَبِيس (definite informal masculine singular triptote)
كَبِيسَة (ar-infl-a feminine indefinite informal singular triptote)
الْكَبِيسَة (ar-infl-a definite feminine informal singular triptote)
كَبِيسٌ (indefinite masculine nominative singular triptote)
الْكَبِيسُ (definite masculine nominative singular triptote)
كَبِيسَةٌ (ar-infl-a feminine indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الْكَبِيسَةُ (ar-infl-a definite feminine nominative singular triptote)
كَبِيسًا (accusative indefinite masculine singular triptote)
الْكَبِيسَ (accusative definite masculine singular triptote)
كَبِيسَةً (accusative ar-infl-a feminine indefinite singular triptote)
الْكَبِيسَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a definite feminine singular triptote)
كَبِيسٍ (genitive indefinite masculine singular triptote)
الْكَبِيسِ (definite genitive masculine singular triptote)
كَبِيسَةٍ (ar-infl-a feminine genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الْكَبِيسَةِ (ar-infl-a definite feminine genitive singular triptote)
كَبِيسَيْن (dual indefinite informal masculine singular triptote)
الْكَبِيسَيْن (definite dual informal masculine singular triptote)
كَبِيسَتَيْن (ar-infl-a dual feminine indefinite informal singular triptote)
الْكَبِيسَتَيْن (ar-infl-a definite dual feminine informal singular triptote)
كَبِيسَانِ (dual indefinite masculine nominative singular triptote)
الْكَبِيسَانِ (definite dual masculine nominative singular triptote)
كَبِيسَتَانِ (ar-infl-a dual feminine indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الْكَبِيسَتَانِ (ar-infl-a definite dual feminine nominative singular triptote)
كَبِيسَيْنِ (accusative dual indefinite masculine singular triptote)
الْكَبِيسَيْنِ (accusative definite dual masculine singular triptote)
كَبِيسَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a dual feminine indefinite singular triptote)
الْكَبِيسَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a definite dual feminine singular triptote)
كَبِيسَيْنِ (dual genitive indefinite masculine singular triptote)
الْكَبِيسَيْنِ (definite dual genitive masculine singular triptote)
كَبِيسَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a dual feminine genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الْكَبِيسَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a definite dual feminine genitive singular triptote)

From the root ك ب س (k-b-s), but the “intercalary” meaning is a semantic loan from Classical Syriac ܟܒܝܫ (kabbīš), the passive participle of ܟܒܰܫ (kḇaš, “to tread down”), the Syriac verb corresponding to Arabic كَبَسَ (kabasa, “to press down”).

semantic loan

preserved
intercalary, leap … (as in leap year)


قلقاس

قُلْقَاس (canonical)
qulqās (romanization)
قُلْقَاسَة (feminine singulative)
قُلْقَاس (collective indefinite informal triptote)
الْقُلْقَاس (collective definite informal triptote)
قُلْقَاس (collective construct informal triptote)
قُلْقَاسٌ (collective indefinite nominative triptote)
الْقُلْقَاسُ (collective definite nominative triptote)
قُلْقَاسُ (collective construct nominative triptote)
قُلْقَاسًا (accusative collective indefinite triptote)
الْقُلْقَاسَ (accusative collective definite triptote)
قُلْقَاسَ (accusative collective construct triptote)
قُلْقَاسٍ (collective genitive indefinite triptote)
الْقُلْقَاسِ (collective definite genitive triptote)
قُلْقَاسِ (collective construct genitive triptote)
قُلْقَاسَة (ar-infl-a collective indefinite informal singulative triptote)
الْقُلْقَاسَة (ar-infl-a collective definite informal singulative triptote)
قُلْقَاسَة (ar-infl-a collective construct informal singulative triptote)
قُلْقَاسَةٌ (ar-infl-a collective indefinite nominative singulative triptote)
الْقُلْقَاسَةُ (ar-infl-a collective definite nominative singulative triptote)
قُلْقَاسَةُ (ar-infl-a collective construct nominative singulative triptote)
قُلْقَاسَةً (accusative ar-infl-a collective indefinite singulative triptote)
الْقُلْقَاسَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a collective definite singulative triptote)
قُلْقَاسَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a collective construct singulative triptote)
قُلْقَاسَةٍ (ar-infl-a collective genitive indefinite singulative triptote)
الْقُلْقَاسَةِ (ar-infl-a collective definite genitive singulative triptote)
قُلْقَاسَةِ (ar-infl-a collective construct genitive singulative triptote)
قُلْقَاسَتَيْن (ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite informal singulative triptote)
الْقُلْقَاسَتَيْن (ar-infl-a collective definite dual informal singulative triptote)
قُلْقَاسَتَيْ (ar-infl-a collective construct dual informal singulative triptote)
قُلْقَاسَتَانِ (ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite nominative singulative triptote)
الْقُلْقَاسَتَانِ (ar-infl-a collective definite dual nominative singulative triptote)
قُلْقَاسَتَا (ar-infl-a collective construct dual nominative singulative triptote)
قُلْقَاسَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite singulative triptote)
الْقُلْقَاسَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a collective definite dual singulative triptote)
قُلْقَاسَتَيْ (accusative ar-infl-a collective construct dual singulative triptote)
قُلْقَاسَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a collective dual genitive indefinite singulative triptote)
الْقُلْقَاسَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a collective definite dual genitive singulative triptote)
قُلْقَاسَتَيْ (ar-infl-a collective construct dual genitive singulative triptote)
قُلْقَاسَات (feminine indefinite informal paucal sound-form)
الْقُلْقَاسَات (definite feminine informal paucal sound-form)
قُلْقَاسَات (construct feminine informal paucal sound-form)
قُلْقَاسَاتٌ (feminine indefinite nominative paucal sound-form)
الْقُلْقَاسَاتُ (definite feminine nominative paucal sound-form)
قُلْقَاسَاتُ (construct feminine nominative paucal sound-form)
قُلْقَاسَاتٍ (accusative feminine indefinite paucal sound-form)
الْقُلْقَاسَاتِ (accusative definite feminine paucal sound-form)
قُلْقَاسَاتِ (accusative construct feminine paucal sound-form)
قُلْقَاسَاتٍ (feminine genitive indefinite paucal sound-form)
الْقُلْقَاسَاتِ (definite feminine genitive paucal sound-form)
قُلْقَاسَاتِ (construct feminine genitive paucal sound-form)

Cypriot Arabic: korkás

→ French: koulkas

→ German: Kulkas f, Culcas f (rare)

→ Latin: culcas, colcas

→ Middle Armenian: ղուլղաս (ġulġas)

→ Spanish: alcolcaz

→ Ottoman Turkish: قلقاس (kulkas)

From Classical Syriac ܩܠܩܐܣ (qōlqās), ܩܠܘܩܣ (qōlqōs), ܩܠܘܩܘܣ (qōlōqōs), ܩܠܩܐ (qalqā, qelqā, “taro”), still attested in Turoyo ܩܰܠܩܳܐ (qalqo, “a kind of cardoon or artichoke”), Northeastern Neo-Aramaic ܩܰܠܩܳܐ (qalqa) and in some dialects ܩܰܩܢܳܐ (qaqna), which also explains Persian کنگر (kangar, “thistle; acanthus”), and also in Mishnaic Hebrew קולקס, קרקס (“taro”).
This is said to be from Egyptian, as the Ancient Greek κολοκασία (kolokasía) and Latin colocasia meaning taro is known to be transferred only from the 4ᵗʰ century AD from the meaning of sacred lotus which also has an edible rhizome, but Coptic ⲕⲟⲗⲧⲁϧ (koltax), ⲕⲟⲗⲅⲁⲥ (kolgas), ⲕⲟⲣⲕⲁⲥⲓ (korkasi) is reckoned as from Hebrew or Arabic.
The origin is then Semitic at least ultimately in view of Akkadian qulqulliānu, qulqullânu (“a type of cassia?”), Ugaritic 𐎖𐎍𐎖𐎍 (qlql, some medicinal plant also fed to horses), Hebrew קְלוֹקֵל (qəlōqēl, “inferior, poor; miserable food”), Arabic قِلْقِل (qilqil, “some kind of hard-grained plant”), قُلَاقِل (qulāqil, “devil-bean, Crotalaria retusa”), the latter and قُلْقُل (qulqul) also meaning “agile, exuberant”, evidently all just reduplications of the root ق ل ل (q-l-l).

cog

قُرْقَاص dubiously read and mistranslated in

(obsolete, rare) Cynara; cardoon or artichoke


جفنة

ar-noun

جَفْنَة • (jafna) f (plural جِفَان (jifān) or جَفَنَات (jafanāt) or جَفْنَات (jafnāt) or جِفَن (jifan))

جَفْنَة (canonical)
jafna (romanization)
جِفَان (plural)
جَفَنَات (plural)
جَفْنَات (plural)
جِفَن (plural)
جَفْنَة (ar-infl-a indefinite informal singular triptote)
الْجَفْنَة (ar-infl-a definite informal singular triptote)
جَفْنَة (ar-infl-a construct informal singular triptote)
جَفْنَةٌ (ar-infl-a indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الْجَفْنَةُ (ar-infl-a definite nominative singular triptote)
جَفْنَةُ (ar-infl-a construct nominative singular triptote)
جَفْنَةً (accusative ar-infl-a indefinite singular triptote)
الْجَفْنَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a definite singular triptote)
جَفْنَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a construct singular triptote)
جَفْنَةٍ (ar-infl-a genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الْجَفْنَةِ (ar-infl-a definite genitive singular triptote)
جَفْنَةِ (ar-infl-a construct genitive singular triptote)
جَفْنَتَيْن (ar-infl-a dual indefinite informal singular triptote)
الْجَفْنَتَيْن (ar-infl-a definite dual informal singular triptote)
جَفْنَتَيْ (ar-infl-a construct dual informal singular triptote)
جَفْنَتَانِ (ar-infl-a dual indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الْجَفْنَتَانِ (ar-infl-a definite dual nominative singular triptote)
جَفْنَتَا (ar-infl-a construct dual nominative singular triptote)
جَفْنَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a dual indefinite singular triptote)
الْجَفْنَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a definite dual singular triptote)
جَفْنَتَيْ (accusative ar-infl-a construct dual singular triptote)
جَفْنَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a dual genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الْجَفْنَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a definite dual genitive singular triptote)
جَفْنَتَيْ (ar-infl-a construct dual genitive singular triptote)
جِفَان (broken-form indefinite informal plural triptote)
جِفَان (feminine indefinite informal plural sound-form)
جَفَنَات (broken-form indefinite informal plural triptote)
جَفَنَات (feminine indefinite informal plural sound-form)
جَفْنَات (broken-form indefinite informal plural triptote)
جَفْنَات (feminine indefinite informal plural sound-form)
جِفَن (broken-form indefinite informal plural triptote)
جِفَن (feminine indefinite informal plural sound-form)
الْجِفَان (broken-form definite informal plural triptote)
الْجِفَان (definite feminine informal plural sound-form)
الْجَفَنَات (broken-form definite informal plural triptote)
الْجَفَنَات (definite feminine informal plural sound-form)
الْجَفْنَات (broken-form definite informal plural triptote)
الْجَفْنَات (definite feminine informal plural sound-form)
الْجِفَن (broken-form definite informal plural triptote)
الْجِفَن (definite feminine informal plural sound-form)
جِفَان (broken-form construct informal plural triptote)
جِفَان (construct feminine informal plural sound-form)
جَفَنَات (broken-form construct informal plural triptote)
جَفَنَات (construct feminine informal plural sound-form)
جَفْنَات (broken-form construct informal plural triptote)
جَفْنَات (construct feminine informal plural sound-form)
جِفَن (broken-form construct informal plural triptote)
جِفَن (construct feminine informal plural sound-form)
جِفَانٌ (broken-form indefinite nominative plural triptote)
جِفَانٌ (feminine indefinite nominative plural sound-form)
جَفَنَاتٌ (broken-form indefinite nominative plural triptote)
جَفَنَاتٌ (feminine indefinite nominative plural sound-form)
جَفْنَاتٌ (broken-form indefinite nominative plural triptote)
جَفْنَاتٌ (feminine indefinite nominative plural sound-form)
جِفَنٌ (broken-form indefinite nominative plural triptote)
جِفَنٌ (feminine indefinite nominative plural sound-form)
الْجِفَانُ (broken-form definite nominative plural triptote)
الْجِفَانُ (definite feminine nominative plural sound-form)
الْجَفَنَاتُ (broken-form definite nominative plural triptote)
الْجَفَنَاتُ (definite feminine nominative plural sound-form)
الْجَفْنَاتُ (broken-form definite nominative plural triptote)
الْجَفْنَاتُ (definite feminine nominative plural sound-form)
الْجِفَنُ (broken-form definite nominative plural triptote)
الْجِفَنُ (definite feminine nominative plural sound-form)
جِفَانُ (broken-form construct nominative plural triptote)
جِفَانُ (construct feminine nominative plural sound-form)
جَفَنَاتُ (broken-form construct nominative plural triptote)
جَفَنَاتُ (construct feminine nominative plural sound-form)
جَفْنَاتُ (broken-form construct nominative plural triptote)
جَفْنَاتُ (construct feminine nominative plural sound-form)
جِفَنُ (broken-form construct nominative plural triptote)
جِفَنُ (construct feminine nominative plural sound-form)
جِفَانًا (accusative broken-form indefinite plural triptote)
جِفَانًا (accusative feminine indefinite plural sound-form)
جَفَنَاتٍ (accusative broken-form indefinite plural triptote)
جَفَنَاتٍ (accusative feminine indefinite plural sound-form)
جَفْنَاتٍ (accusative broken-form indefinite plural triptote)
جَفْنَاتٍ (accusative feminine indefinite plural sound-form)
جِفَنًا (accusative broken-form indefinite plural triptote)
جِفَنًا (accusative feminine indefinite plural sound-form)
الْجِفَانَ (accusative broken-form definite plural triptote)
الْجِفَانَ (accusative definite feminine plural sound-form)
الْجَفَنَاتِ (accusative broken-form definite plural triptote)
الْجَفَنَاتِ (accusative definite feminine plural sound-form)
الْجَفْنَاتِ (accusative broken-form definite plural triptote)
الْجَفْنَاتِ (accusative definite feminine plural sound-form)
الْجِفَنَ (accusative broken-form definite plural triptote)
الْجِفَنَ (accusative definite feminine plural sound-form)
جِفَانَ (accusative broken-form construct plural triptote)
جِفَانَ (accusative construct feminine plural sound-form)
جَفَنَاتِ (accusative broken-form construct plural triptote)
جَفَنَاتِ (accusative construct feminine plural sound-form)
جَفْنَاتِ (accusative broken-form construct plural triptote)
جَفْنَاتِ (accusative construct feminine plural sound-form)
جِفَنَ (accusative broken-form construct plural triptote)
جِفَنَ (accusative construct feminine plural sound-form)
جِفَانٍ (broken-form genitive indefinite plural triptote)
جِفَانٍ (feminine genitive indefinite plural sound-form)
جَفَنَاتٍ (broken-form genitive indefinite plural triptote)
جَفَنَاتٍ (feminine genitive indefinite plural sound-form)
جَفْنَاتٍ (broken-form genitive indefinite plural triptote)
جَفْنَاتٍ (feminine genitive indefinite plural sound-form)
جِفَنٍ (broken-form genitive indefinite plural triptote)
جِفَنٍ (feminine genitive indefinite plural sound-form)
الْجِفَانِ (broken-form definite genitive plural triptote)
الْجِفَانِ (definite feminine genitive plural sound-form)
الْجَفَنَاتِ (broken-form definite genitive plural triptote)
الْجَفَنَاتِ (definite feminine genitive plural sound-form)
الْجَفْنَاتِ (broken-form definite genitive plural triptote)
الْجَفْنَاتِ (definite feminine genitive plural sound-form)
الْجِفَنِ (broken-form definite genitive plural triptote)
الْجِفَنِ (definite feminine genitive plural sound-form)
جِفَانِ (broken-form construct genitive plural triptote)
جِفَانِ (construct feminine genitive plural sound-form)
جَفَنَاتِ (broken-form construct genitive plural triptote)
جَفَنَاتِ (construct feminine genitive plural sound-form)
جَفْنَاتِ (broken-form construct genitive plural triptote)
جَفْنَاتِ (construct feminine genitive plural sound-form)
جِفَنِ (broken-form construct genitive plural triptote)
جِفَنِ (construct feminine genitive plural sound-form)

From جَفْن (jafn) + ـَة (-a), cognate to Hebrew גֶּפֶן (gefen, “vine”), Classical Syriac ܓܦܢܬܐ (gəp̄entā), ܓܦܬܐ (gəp̄ettā, “vine”).


أنجدان

أَنْجُدَان • (ʔanjudān) m

أَنْجُدَان (canonical)
ʔanjudān (romanization)
أَنْجُدَان (indefinite informal singular triptote)
الْأَنْجُدَان (definite informal singular triptote)
أَنْجُدَان (construct informal singular triptote)
أَنْجُدَانٌ (indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الْأَنْجُدَانُ (definite nominative singular triptote)
أَنْجُدَانُ (construct nominative singular triptote)
أَنْجُدَانًا (accusative indefinite singular triptote)
الْأَنْجُدَانَ (accusative definite singular triptote)
أَنْجُدَانَ (accusative construct singular triptote)
أَنْجُدَانٍ (genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الْأَنْجُدَانِ (definite genitive singular triptote)
أَنْجُدَانِ (construct genitive singular triptote)

desc

→ Middle Armenian: անճուտան (ančutan), անճիտան (ančitan)

→ Old Catalan: alanjoden

→ Persian: انجدان (anjodân)

Borrowed from Persian انگدان (angodân), from Proto-Iranian *Hanguǰatu.

قال ديسقوريدوس في كتابه ان الحلتيث صمغ الانجدان و ذكر بان يشرط اصله وساقه ثم بعد الشرط يسيل منه الحلتيث […]

1025, ابن سينا (Avicenna), القانون في الطب [Canon Medicinae], Rome: Stamperia Orientale Medicea, published 1593, Liber 2, page 174:

Dioscurides said in his book that hing is the resin of the Ferula assa-foetida and he notified that its stem and its foot is slit and then, after the slitting, the hing flows from it. […]

Ferula species that produce asafoetida, such as F. foetida and F. assa-foetida


إجاص

إِجَّاص (canonical)
ʔijjāṣ (romanization)
إِجَّاصَة (feminine singulative)
إجَّاصَات (paucal)
إِجَّاص (collective indefinite informal triptote)
الْإِجَّاص (collective definite informal triptote)
إِجَّاص (collective construct informal triptote)
إِجَّاصٌ (collective indefinite nominative triptote)
الْإِجَّاصُ (collective definite nominative triptote)
إِجَّاصُ (collective construct nominative triptote)
إِجَّاصًا (accusative collective indefinite triptote)
الْإِجَّاصَ (accusative collective definite triptote)
إِجَّاصَ (accusative collective construct triptote)
إِجَّاصٍ (collective genitive indefinite triptote)
الْإِجَّاصِ (collective definite genitive triptote)
إِجَّاصِ (collective construct genitive triptote)
إِجَّاصَة (ar-infl-a collective indefinite informal singulative triptote)
الْإِجَّاصَة (ar-infl-a collective definite informal singulative triptote)
إِجَّاصَة (ar-infl-a collective construct informal singulative triptote)
إِجَّاصَةٌ (ar-infl-a collective indefinite nominative singulative triptote)
الْإِجَّاصَةُ (ar-infl-a collective definite nominative singulative triptote)
إِجَّاصَةُ (ar-infl-a collective construct nominative singulative triptote)
إِجَّاصَةً (accusative ar-infl-a collective indefinite singulative triptote)
الْإِجَّاصَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a collective definite singulative triptote)
إِجَّاصَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a collective construct singulative triptote)
إِجَّاصَةٍ (ar-infl-a collective genitive indefinite singulative triptote)
الْإِجَّاصَةِ (ar-infl-a collective definite genitive singulative triptote)
إِجَّاصَةِ (ar-infl-a collective construct genitive singulative triptote)
إِجَّاصَتَيْن (ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite informal singulative triptote)
الْإِجَّاصَتَيْن (ar-infl-a collective definite dual informal singulative triptote)
إِجَّاصَتَيْ (ar-infl-a collective construct dual informal singulative triptote)
إِجَّاصَتَانِ (ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite nominative singulative triptote)
الْإِجَّاصَتَانِ (ar-infl-a collective definite dual nominative singulative triptote)
إِجَّاصَتَا (ar-infl-a collective construct dual nominative singulative triptote)
إِجَّاصَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite singulative triptote)
الْإِجَّاصَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a collective definite dual singulative triptote)
إِجَّاصَتَيْ (accusative ar-infl-a collective construct dual singulative triptote)
إِجَّاصَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a collective dual genitive indefinite singulative triptote)
الْإِجَّاصَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a collective definite dual genitive singulative triptote)
إِجَّاصَتَيْ (ar-infl-a collective construct dual genitive singulative triptote)
إِجَّاصَات (feminine indefinite informal paucal sound-form)
الْإِجَّاصَات (definite feminine informal paucal sound-form)
إِجَّاصَات (construct feminine informal paucal sound-form)
إِجَّاصَاتٌ (feminine indefinite nominative paucal sound-form)
الْإِجَّاصَاتُ (definite feminine nominative paucal sound-form)
إِجَّاصَاتُ (construct feminine nominative paucal sound-form)
إِجَّاصَاتٍ (accusative feminine indefinite paucal sound-form)
الْإِجَّاصَاتِ (accusative definite feminine paucal sound-form)
إِجَّاصَاتِ (accusative construct feminine paucal sound-form)
إِجَّاصَاتٍ (feminine genitive indefinite paucal sound-form)
الْإِجَّاصَاتِ (definite feminine genitive paucal sound-form)
إِجَّاصَاتِ (construct feminine genitive paucal sound-form)

Not attested in Aramaic, but Hebrew אַגָּס (ʾaggā́s, “pear”) and Akkadian 𒄑𒀭𒂵𒋗 (angašu, “pear or plum tree”); as a bridge, an unattested local form of Aramaic may have lent the Arabic emphatisized variant. Compare تُفَّاح (tuffāḥ, “apple”), a lexical entry also missing in documented Aramaic but not in Hebrew.

der

ar:إجاص (جنس)

“إنه أمر مثير للإحباط. يُقال إن “الإجاصات الجيدة هي التي تشتغل محل البرقوق.

2016 November 7, “فرنسا احتجاج نسوي في باريس ضد التمييز في الأجور بين النساء والرجال”, in Euronews:

It is frustrating. One says that “the naïve pears run the plum shop.”

pears (the fruits as well as the tree, the whole genus Pyrus)


لبلاب

ar-noun

لَبْلَاب • (lablāb) m

لَبْلَاب (canonical)
lablāb (romanization)
لَبْلَاب (indefinite informal singular triptote)
اللَّبْلَاب (definite informal singular triptote)
لَبْلَاب (construct informal singular triptote)
لَبْلَابٌ (indefinite nominative singular triptote)
اللَّبْلَابُ (definite nominative singular triptote)
لَبْلَابُ (construct nominative singular triptote)
لَبْلَابًا (accusative indefinite singular triptote)
اللَّبْلَابَ (accusative definite singular triptote)
لَبْلَابَ (accusative construct singular triptote)
لَبْلَابٍ (genitive indefinite singular triptote)
اللَّبْلَابِ (definite genitive singular triptote)
لَبْلَابِ (construct genitive singular triptote)

desc

→ Middle Armenian: լաբլաբ (lablab), լապլապ (laplap)

Clipping of حِلَبْلَاب (ḥilablāb), from Classical Syriac ܚܒܱܠܒܳܠܴܐ (ḥᵊbalbālā); another derivative of ܚܰܠܒ݂ܳܐ (ḥalbā, “milk”) – based on the “milk”-giving qualities of the ivy –, as also حُلْبَة (ḥulba, “fenugreek”), حُلْبُوب (ḥulbūb, “mercury”), and حُلَّب (ḥullab, “Flueggea tinctoria; Euphorbia aegyptiaca and Euphorbia granulata”) which is also transmitted as حِلِبْلَاب (ḥiliblāb). And the same scheme of clipping is found in لَحْلَاح (laḥlāḥ, “meadow-saffron”).

لبلاب: الطبع: معتدل إلى حرارة ما ويبس لين وعند الخوزي أنه بارد.
الخواص: محلل مفتح والمعروف منه بحبل المسحين فيه أرضية قابضة ومنائية ملينة وحرافة فارية والجفوف يبطل المائية منها وفيه تنقية.
الزينة: لبن اللبلاب للعظيم يحلق الشعرويقتل القمل.
الجراح والقروح ة ورق جبل المسكين الطري صالح للخراجات الكبار يدملها مطبوخاً في الشراب وينفع ضماداً على حرق النار وخصوصاً مع القيروطي فلذلك لاتظيرله.
أعضاء الرأس: يقطرعصيره الأذن الوجعة بقطنة خصوصاً مع دهن الورد وخصوصاً إذا كان الورم حاراً وينفع للصداع المزمن وعصارته تنفع من المادة المنحلبة إلى الأذن إذا أزمنت وللقروح للعتيقة فيها.
أعضاء النفس: جيد للصدروالرئة وينقي الربو.
أعضاء الغذاء: يفتح سدد الكبد وورقة بالخل جيد للطحال.
أعضاء النفض: ماؤه يسهل الصفراء المحرقة وإذا لم يطبخ كان أقوى.
وصنف اللبلاب رديء يسهل الدم.

plants looking similar to ivy
poison ivy, Toxicodendron gen. et spp.

اللَبلاب بارد رديء للمعدة يطلق البطن ويغثّي ويُكرب.

a. 1222, نَجِيب الدِّين السَّمَرْقَنْدِيّ [najīb ad-dīn as-samarqandiyy], edited by Juliane Müller, كِتَاب الْأَغْذِيَة وَٱلْأَشْرِبَة [kitāb al-ʔaḡdiya wa-l-ʔǎšriba] (Islamic Philosophy, Theology and Science. Texts and Studies; 101), Leiden: Brill, published 2017, →ISBN, page 204:

Field bindweed is cold, bad for the stomach, throws it and purges it and wreaks grief.

plants looking similar to ivy
bindweed, Convolvulus gen. et spp.

اللبلاب حار يابس يلين البطن ويخرج الصفراء.

850–861, علي بن سهل ربن الطبري [ʿAlī ibn Sahl Rabban aṭ-Ṭabarī], edited by Oliver Kahl, ʿAlī ibn Sahl Rabban aṭ-Ṭabarī’s Health Regimen or “Book of the Pearl” كتاب اللؤلؤة (Islamic Philosophy, Theology and Science. Texts and Studies; 115), Leiden: Brill, published 2020, →ISBN, § 138, page 126:

Hyacinth beans are hot and dry and soften the stomach and expel the yellow bile.

hyacinth bean (Lablab purpureus, Dolichos lablab, Dolichos purpureus)

Lablab purpureus
Lablab purpureus#Translingual


شوفان

ar-noun

شُوفَان • (šūfān) m

شُوفَان (canonical)
šūfān (romanization)
شُوفَان (indefinite informal singular triptote)
الشُّوفَان (definite informal singular triptote)
شُوفَان (construct informal singular triptote)
شُوفَانٌ (indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الشُّوفَانُ (definite nominative singular triptote)
شُوفَانُ (construct nominative singular triptote)
شُوفَانًا (accusative indefinite singular triptote)
الشُّوفَانَ (accusative definite singular triptote)
شُوفَانَ (accusative construct singular triptote)
شُوفَانٍ (genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الشُّوفَانِ (definite genitive singular triptote)
شُوفَانِ (construct genitive singular triptote)

From Classical Syriac ܫܘܦܢܐ (šūp̄ānā, “friction”), which comes from the verb ܫܳܦ (šāp̄, “to file, to scrape”) corresponding to the Arabic verb شَافَ (šāfa, “to polish”), as for the handling of the grain removing the husk by rubbing, grating, polishing is characteristic. There is also Hebrew שיפון (šīp̄ōn, “oat; (later) rye”), so that formation is apparently Proto-Northwest Semitic.


إذخر

إِذْخِر (canonical)
ʔiḏḵir (romanization)
إِذْخِرَة (feminine singulative)
إِذْخِر (collective indefinite informal triptote)
الْإِذْخِر (collective definite informal triptote)
إِذْخِر (collective construct informal triptote)
إِذْخِرٌ (collective indefinite nominative triptote)
الْإِذْخِرُ (collective definite nominative triptote)
إِذْخِرُ (collective construct nominative triptote)
إِذْخِرًا (accusative collective indefinite triptote)
الْإِذْخِرَ (accusative collective definite triptote)
إِذْخِرَ (accusative collective construct triptote)
إِذْخِرٍ (collective genitive indefinite triptote)
الْإِذْخِرِ (collective definite genitive triptote)
إِذْخِرِ (collective construct genitive triptote)
إِذْخِرَة (ar-infl-a collective indefinite informal singulative triptote)
الْإِذْخِرَة (ar-infl-a collective definite informal singulative triptote)
إِذْخِرَة (ar-infl-a collective construct informal singulative triptote)
إِذْخِرَةٌ (ar-infl-a collective indefinite nominative singulative triptote)
الْإِذْخِرَةُ (ar-infl-a collective definite nominative singulative triptote)
إِذْخِرَةُ (ar-infl-a collective construct nominative singulative triptote)
إِذْخِرَةً (accusative ar-infl-a collective indefinite singulative triptote)
الْإِذْخِرَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a collective definite singulative triptote)
إِذْخِرَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a collective construct singulative triptote)
إِذْخِرَةٍ (ar-infl-a collective genitive indefinite singulative triptote)
الْإِذْخِرَةِ (ar-infl-a collective definite genitive singulative triptote)
إِذْخِرَةِ (ar-infl-a collective construct genitive singulative triptote)
إِذْخِرَتَيْن (ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite informal singulative triptote)
الْإِذْخِرَتَيْن (ar-infl-a collective definite dual informal singulative triptote)
إِذْخِرَتَيْ (ar-infl-a collective construct dual informal singulative triptote)
إِذْخِرَتَانِ (ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite nominative singulative triptote)
الْإِذْخِرَتَانِ (ar-infl-a collective definite dual nominative singulative triptote)
إِذْخِرَتَا (ar-infl-a collective construct dual nominative singulative triptote)
إِذْخِرَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite singulative triptote)
الْإِذْخِرَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a collective definite dual singulative triptote)
إِذْخِرَتَيْ (accusative ar-infl-a collective construct dual singulative triptote)
إِذْخِرَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a collective dual genitive indefinite singulative triptote)
الْإِذْخِرَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a collective definite dual genitive singulative triptote)
إِذْخِرَتَيْ (ar-infl-a collective construct dual genitive singulative triptote)
إِذْخِرَات (feminine indefinite informal paucal sound-form)
الْإِذْخِرَات (definite feminine informal paucal sound-form)
إِذْخِرَات (construct feminine informal paucal sound-form)
إِذْخِرَاتٌ (feminine indefinite nominative paucal sound-form)
الْإِذْخِرَاتُ (definite feminine nominative paucal sound-form)
إِذْخِرَاتُ (construct feminine nominative paucal sound-form)
إِذْخِرَاتٍ (accusative feminine indefinite paucal sound-form)
الْإِذْخِرَاتِ (accusative definite feminine paucal sound-form)
إِذْخِرَاتِ (accusative construct feminine paucal sound-form)
إِذْخِرَاتٍ (feminine genitive indefinite paucal sound-form)
الْإِذْخِرَاتِ (definite feminine genitive paucal sound-form)
إِذْخِرَاتِ (construct feminine genitive paucal sound-form)

desc

→ Middle Armenian: աթխար (atʻxar), ադխար (adxar), ադկար (adkar), իթխիր (itʻxir)


عجور

عَجُّور (canonical)
ʕajjūr (romanization)
عَجُّورَة (feminine singulative)
عَجُّور (collective indefinite informal triptote)
الْعَجُّور (collective definite informal triptote)
عَجُّور (collective construct informal triptote)
عَجُّورٌ (collective indefinite nominative triptote)
الْعَجُّورُ (collective definite nominative triptote)
عَجُّورُ (collective construct nominative triptote)
عَجُّورًا (accusative collective indefinite triptote)
الْعَجُّورَ (accusative collective definite triptote)
عَجُّورَ (accusative collective construct triptote)
عَجُّورٍ (collective genitive indefinite triptote)
الْعَجُّورِ (collective definite genitive triptote)
عَجُّورِ (collective construct genitive triptote)
عَجُّورَة (ar-infl-a collective indefinite informal singulative triptote)
الْعَجُّورَة (ar-infl-a collective definite informal singulative triptote)
عَجُّورَة (ar-infl-a collective construct informal singulative triptote)
عَجُّورَةٌ (ar-infl-a collective indefinite nominative singulative triptote)
الْعَجُّورَةُ (ar-infl-a collective definite nominative singulative triptote)
عَجُّورَةُ (ar-infl-a collective construct nominative singulative triptote)
عَجُّورَةً (accusative ar-infl-a collective indefinite singulative triptote)
الْعَجُّورَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a collective definite singulative triptote)
عَجُّورَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a collective construct singulative triptote)
عَجُّورَةٍ (ar-infl-a collective genitive indefinite singulative triptote)
الْعَجُّورَةِ (ar-infl-a collective definite genitive singulative triptote)
عَجُّورَةِ (ar-infl-a collective construct genitive singulative triptote)
عَجُّورَتَيْن (ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite informal singulative triptote)
الْعَجُّورَتَيْن (ar-infl-a collective definite dual informal singulative triptote)
عَجُّورَتَيْ (ar-infl-a collective construct dual informal singulative triptote)
عَجُّورَتَانِ (ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite nominative singulative triptote)
الْعَجُّورَتَانِ (ar-infl-a collective definite dual nominative singulative triptote)
عَجُّورَتَا (ar-infl-a collective construct dual nominative singulative triptote)
عَجُّورَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite singulative triptote)
الْعَجُّورَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a collective definite dual singulative triptote)
عَجُّورَتَيْ (accusative ar-infl-a collective construct dual singulative triptote)
عَجُّورَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a collective dual genitive indefinite singulative triptote)
الْعَجُّورَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a collective definite dual genitive singulative triptote)
عَجُّورَتَيْ (ar-infl-a collective construct dual genitive singulative triptote)
عَجُّورَات (feminine indefinite informal paucal sound-form)
الْعَجُّورَات (definite feminine informal paucal sound-form)
عَجُّورَات (construct feminine informal paucal sound-form)
عَجُّورَاتٌ (feminine indefinite nominative paucal sound-form)
الْعَجُّورَاتُ (definite feminine nominative paucal sound-form)
عَجُّورَاتُ (construct feminine nominative paucal sound-form)
عَجُّورَاتٍ (accusative feminine indefinite paucal sound-form)
الْعَجُّورَاتِ (accusative definite feminine paucal sound-form)
عَجُّورَاتِ (accusative construct feminine paucal sound-form)
عَجُّورَاتٍ (feminine genitive indefinite paucal sound-form)
الْعَجُّورَاتِ (definite feminine genitive paucal sound-form)
عَجُّورَاتِ (construct feminine genitive paucal sound-form)

→ Northern Kurdish: ecûr

→ Oromo: ujuree

Disputed etymology largely in where it originates and the direction it was borrowed:
* From Middle Persian ʾngwl (angūr, “grape”) or alternatively Middle Persian ʾncyl (anjīr, “fig”); applied then generically to a green produce. Cognates with Persian غوره (ğure, “unripe, green produce; sour grapes”), Persian انگور (angur, “grapes”), Aramaic גורקא (gūraqā, “unripe fruit”), Aramaic גורג (gūrg, “wine made from unripe grapes”), and more distantly Sanskrit अङ्कुर (aṅkura, “shoot, bud, sprout”).
* Perhaps semantically derived from Byzantine Greek ἀγγούριον (angoúrion); compare its Slavic and Germanic descendants, Russian огуре́ц (oguréc, “cucumber”), German Gurke (“cucumber”); derived from Greek άγουρος (ágouros, “unripe, green, immature, inexperienced”), which disputably derives from Pahlavi, Aramaic, or natively from Ancient Greek ἄωρος (áōros, “immature, green, unripe”, literally “ἀ-+ὥρα, not season or time”).

der

Luffa aegyptiaca
Luffa aegyptiaca#Translingual


ريباس

ar-noun

رِيبَاس • (rībās) m

رِيبَاس (canonical)
rībās (romanization)
رِيبَاس (indefinite informal singular triptote)
الرِّيبَاس (definite informal singular triptote)
رِيبَاس (construct informal singular triptote)
رِيبَاسٌ (indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الرِّيبَاسُ (definite nominative singular triptote)
رِيبَاسُ (construct nominative singular triptote)
رِيبَاسًا (accusative indefinite singular triptote)
الرِّيبَاسَ (accusative definite singular triptote)
رِيبَاسَ (accusative construct singular triptote)
رِيبَاسٍ (genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الرِّيبَاسِ (definite genitive singular triptote)
رِيبَاسِ (construct genitive singular triptote)

→ Old Catalan: arrivez

→ Medieval Latin: ribes, ribesium

→ Danish: ribs
→ Icelandic: rifs

→ German: Ribisel (see there for further descendants)

→ Italian: ribes
→ Mòcheno: ribes

→ Norwegian: rips

→ Translingual: Ribes

From Persian ریواس (rivâs), ریباس (ribâs), ریواج (rivâj).


راوند

رَاوَنْد • (rāwand) m

رَاوَنْد (canonical)
rāwand (romanization)
رَاوَنْد (indefinite informal singular triptote)
الرَّاوَنْد (definite informal singular triptote)
رَاوَنْد (construct informal singular triptote)
رَاوَنْدٌ (indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الرَّاوَنْدُ (definite nominative singular triptote)
رَاوَنْدُ (construct nominative singular triptote)
رَاوَنْدًا (accusative indefinite singular triptote)
الرَّاوَنْدَ (accusative definite singular triptote)
رَاوَنْدَ (accusative construct singular triptote)
رَاوَنْدٍ (genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الرَّاوَنْدِ (definite genitive singular triptote)
رَاوَنْدِ (construct genitive singular triptote)


قثاء

قِثَّاء (canonical)
قُثَّاء (canonical)
qiṯṯāʔ (romanization)
quṯṯāʔ (romanization)
قِثَّاءَة (feminine singulative)
قُثَّاءَة (singulative)
قِثَّاء (collective indefinite informal triptote)
قُثَّاء (collective indefinite informal triptote)
الْقِثَّاء (collective definite informal triptote)
الْقُثَّاء (collective definite informal triptote)
قِثَّاء (collective construct informal triptote)
قُثَّاء (collective construct informal triptote)
قِثَّاءٌ (collective indefinite nominative triptote)
قُثَّاءٌ (collective indefinite nominative triptote)
الْقِثَّاءُ (collective definite nominative triptote)
الْقُثَّاءُ (collective definite nominative triptote)
قِثَّاءُ (collective construct nominative triptote)
قُثَّاءُ (collective construct nominative triptote)
قِثَّاءً (accusative collective indefinite triptote)
قُثَّاءً (accusative collective indefinite triptote)
الْقِثَّاءَ (accusative collective definite triptote)
الْقُثَّاءَ (accusative collective definite triptote)
قِثَّاءَ (accusative collective construct triptote)
قُثَّاءَ (accusative collective construct triptote)
قِثَّاءٍ (collective genitive indefinite triptote)
قُثَّاءٍ (collective genitive indefinite triptote)
الْقِثَّاءِ (collective definite genitive triptote)
الْقُثَّاءِ (collective definite genitive triptote)
قِثَّاءِ (collective construct genitive triptote)
قُثَّاءِ (collective construct genitive triptote)
قِثَّاءَة (ar-infl-a collective indefinite informal singulative triptote)
قُثَّاءَة (ar-infl-a collective indefinite informal singulative triptote)
الْقِثَّاءَة (ar-infl-a collective definite informal singulative triptote)
الْقُثَّاءَة (ar-infl-a collective definite informal singulative triptote)
قِثَّاءَة (ar-infl-a collective construct informal singulative triptote)
قُثَّاءَة (ar-infl-a collective construct informal singulative triptote)
قِثَّاءَةٌ (ar-infl-a collective indefinite nominative singulative triptote)
قُثَّاءَةٌ (ar-infl-a collective indefinite nominative singulative triptote)
الْقِثَّاءَةُ (ar-infl-a collective definite nominative singulative triptote)
الْقُثَّاءَةُ (ar-infl-a collective definite nominative singulative triptote)
قِثَّاءَةُ (ar-infl-a collective construct nominative singulative triptote)
قُثَّاءَةُ (ar-infl-a collective construct nominative singulative triptote)
قِثَّاءَةً (accusative ar-infl-a collective indefinite singulative triptote)
قُثَّاءَةً (accusative ar-infl-a collective indefinite singulative triptote)
الْقِثَّاءَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a collective definite singulative triptote)
الْقُثَّاءَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a collective definite singulative triptote)
قِثَّاءَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a collective construct singulative triptote)
قُثَّاءَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a collective construct singulative triptote)
قِثَّاءَةٍ (ar-infl-a collective genitive indefinite singulative triptote)
قُثَّاءَةٍ (ar-infl-a collective genitive indefinite singulative triptote)
الْقِثَّاءَةِ (ar-infl-a collective definite genitive singulative triptote)
الْقُثَّاءَةِ (ar-infl-a collective definite genitive singulative triptote)
قِثَّاءَةِ (ar-infl-a collective construct genitive singulative triptote)
قُثَّاءَةِ (ar-infl-a collective construct genitive singulative triptote)
قِثَّاءَتَيْن (ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite informal singulative triptote)
قُثَّاءَتَيْن (ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite informal singulative triptote)
الْقِثَّاءَتَيْن (ar-infl-a collective definite dual informal singulative triptote)
الْقُثَّاءَتَيْن (ar-infl-a collective definite dual informal singulative triptote)
قِثَّاءَتَيْ (ar-infl-a collective construct dual informal singulative triptote)
قُثَّاءَتَيْ (ar-infl-a collective construct dual informal singulative triptote)
قِثَّاءَتَانِ (ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite nominative singulative triptote)
قُثَّاءَتَانِ (ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite nominative singulative triptote)
الْقِثَّاءَتَانِ (ar-infl-a collective definite dual nominative singulative triptote)
الْقُثَّاءَتَانِ (ar-infl-a collective definite dual nominative singulative triptote)
قِثَّاءَتَا (ar-infl-a collective construct dual nominative singulative triptote)
قُثَّاءَتَا (ar-infl-a collective construct dual nominative singulative triptote)
قِثَّاءَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite singulative triptote)
قُثَّاءَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite singulative triptote)
الْقِثَّاءَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a collective definite dual singulative triptote)
الْقُثَّاءَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a collective definite dual singulative triptote)
قِثَّاءَتَيْ (accusative ar-infl-a collective construct dual singulative triptote)
قُثَّاءَتَيْ (accusative ar-infl-a collective construct dual singulative triptote)
قِثَّاءَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a collective dual genitive indefinite singulative triptote)
قُثَّاءَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a collective dual genitive indefinite singulative triptote)
الْقِثَّاءَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a collective definite dual genitive singulative triptote)
الْقُثَّاءَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a collective definite dual genitive singulative triptote)
قِثَّاءَتَيْ (ar-infl-a collective construct dual genitive singulative triptote)
قُثَّاءَتَيْ (ar-infl-a collective construct dual genitive singulative triptote)
قِثَّاءَات (feminine indefinite informal paucal sound-form)
قُثَّاءَات (feminine indefinite informal paucal sound-form)
الْقِثَّاءَات (definite feminine informal paucal sound-form)
الْقُثَّاءَات (definite feminine informal paucal sound-form)
قِثَّاءَات (construct feminine informal paucal sound-form)
قُثَّاءَات (construct feminine informal paucal sound-form)
قِثَّاءَاتٌ (feminine indefinite nominative paucal sound-form)
قُثَّاءَاتٌ (feminine indefinite nominative paucal sound-form)
الْقِثَّاءَاتُ (definite feminine nominative paucal sound-form)
الْقُثَّاءَاتُ (definite feminine nominative paucal sound-form)
قِثَّاءَاتُ (construct feminine nominative paucal sound-form)
قُثَّاءَاتُ (construct feminine nominative paucal sound-form)
قِثَّاءَاتٍ (accusative feminine indefinite paucal sound-form)
قُثَّاءَاتٍ (accusative feminine indefinite paucal sound-form)
الْقِثَّاءَاتِ (accusative definite feminine paucal sound-form)
الْقُثَّاءَاتِ (accusative definite feminine paucal sound-form)
قِثَّاءَاتِ (accusative construct feminine paucal sound-form)
قُثَّاءَاتِ (accusative construct feminine paucal sound-form)
قِثَّاءَاتٍ (feminine genitive indefinite paucal sound-form)
قُثَّاءَاتٍ (feminine genitive indefinite paucal sound-form)
الْقِثَّاءَاتِ (definite feminine genitive paucal sound-form)
الْقُثَّاءَاتِ (definite feminine genitive paucal sound-form)
قِثَّاءَاتِ (construct feminine genitive paucal sound-form)
قُثَّاءَاتِ (construct feminine genitive paucal sound-form)

desc

Egyptian Arabic: قتا (ʔatta, “a long variety of cucumber”)

→ Amharic: ቋሳ (ḳʷasa, “cucumber”)

→ Ge'ez: ቀታ (ḳäta, “cucumber”)

* Leonid Kogan and Jussi Aro list it as being Proto-Semitic (which already Zimmern suspected), cognate to Ge'ez ቍሳይ (ḳʷəsay), ቈስያ (ḳʷäsya, “cucumber”), Akkadian 𒄾 (qiššû, “cucumber”), Hebrew קשוא (qiššūʾ, “Armenian cucumber”), Classical Syriac ܩܰܛܽܘܬܳܐ (qaṭṭūtā, “cucumber”) (one explains the Syriac middle consonant as having developed */t/ → /tˤ/ because of /q/).
* It is a wanderwort found as Sumerian 𒄾 (ukuš₂, “cucumber”) Ancient Greek σικύα (sikúa, “bottle gourd”), Ancient Greek σίκυος (síkuos), σικυός (sikuós), σίκυς (síkus, “cucumber”), Latin cucumis (“cucumber”), Old Armenian սեխ (sex, “muskmelon”), and possibly Proto-Slavic *tyky (“pumpkin, gourd”). Doublet of كُوسَا (kūsā, “zucchini”).


شيح

ar-noun

شِيح • (šīḥ) m (plural شِيَاح (šiyāḥ))

شِيح (canonical)
šīḥ (romanization)
شِيَاح (plural)
شِيح (indefinite informal singular triptote)
الشِّيح (definite informal singular triptote)
شِيح (construct informal singular triptote)
شِيحٌ (indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الشِّيحُ (definite nominative singular triptote)
شِيحُ (construct nominative singular triptote)
شِيحًا (accusative indefinite singular triptote)
الشِّيحَ (accusative definite singular triptote)
شِيحَ (accusative construct singular triptote)
شِيحٍ (genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الشِّيحِ (definite genitive singular triptote)
شِيحِ (construct genitive singular triptote)
شِيحَيْن (dual indefinite informal singular triptote)
الشِّيحَيْن (definite dual informal singular triptote)
شِيحَيْ (construct dual informal singular triptote)
شِيحَانِ (dual indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الشِّيحَانِ (definite dual nominative singular triptote)
شِيحَا (construct dual nominative singular triptote)
شِيحَيْنِ (accusative dual indefinite singular triptote)
الشِّيحَيْنِ (accusative definite dual singular triptote)
شِيحَيْ (accusative construct dual singular triptote)
شِيحَيْنِ (dual genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الشِّيحَيْنِ (definite dual genitive singular triptote)
شِيحَيْ (construct dual genitive singular triptote)
شِيَاح (broken-form indefinite informal plural triptote)
الشِّيَاح (broken-form definite informal plural triptote)
شِيَاح (broken-form construct informal plural triptote)
شِيَاحٌ (broken-form indefinite nominative plural triptote)
الشِّيَاحُ (broken-form definite nominative plural triptote)
شِيَاحُ (broken-form construct nominative plural triptote)
شِيَاحًا (accusative broken-form indefinite plural triptote)
الشِّيَاحَ (accusative broken-form definite plural triptote)
شِيَاحَ (accusative broken-form construct plural triptote)
شِيَاحٍ (broken-form genitive indefinite plural triptote)
الشِّيَاحِ (broken-form definite genitive plural triptote)
شِيَاحِ (broken-form construct genitive plural triptote)

→ Middle Armenian: շէհ (šēh)

Borrowed from Aramaic attested as Classical Syriac ܣܝܺܚܳܐ (sīḥā) and ܫܝܺܚܳܐ (šīḥā, “Artemisia judaica”), as well as in Hebrew שִׂיחַ (síaḵ, “Artemisia judaica; shoot, shrub”) and in Akkadian 𒋛𒄿𒈝 (sīḫum, “wormwood”). Perhaps related to the root ش ي ع (š-y-ʕ), meaning “to spread”, “to sprout out”, “to come forth”; compare شَيْعَة (šayʕa, “bush, short tree”).

ar-root

ش ي ع (š-y-ʕ)


حامض

ar-noun

حَامِض • (ḥāmiḍ) m (plural حَوَامِض (ḥawāmiḍ))

حَامِض (canonical)
ḥāmiḍ (romanization)
حَوَامِض (plural)
حَامِض (indefinite informal singular triptote)
الْحَامِض (definite informal singular triptote)
حَامِض (construct informal singular triptote)
حَامِضٌ (indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الْحَامِضُ (definite nominative singular triptote)
حَامِضُ (construct nominative singular triptote)
حَامِضًا (accusative indefinite singular triptote)
الْحَامِضَ (accusative definite singular triptote)
حَامِضَ (accusative construct singular triptote)
حَامِضٍ (genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الْحَامِضِ (definite genitive singular triptote)
حَامِضِ (construct genitive singular triptote)
حَامِضَيْن (dual indefinite informal singular triptote)
الْحَامِضَيْن (definite dual informal singular triptote)
حَامِضَيْ (construct dual informal singular triptote)
حَامِضَانِ (dual indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الْحَامِضَانِ (definite dual nominative singular triptote)
حَامِضَا (construct dual nominative singular triptote)
حَامِضَيْنِ (accusative dual indefinite singular triptote)
الْحَامِضَيْنِ (accusative definite dual singular triptote)
حَامِضَيْ (accusative construct dual singular triptote)
حَامِضَيْنِ (dual genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الْحَامِضَيْنِ (definite dual genitive singular triptote)
حَامِضَيْ (construct dual genitive singular triptote)
حَوَامِض (broken-form diptote indefinite informal plural)
الْحَوَامِض (broken-form definite diptote informal plural)
حَوَامِض (broken-form construct diptote informal plural)
حَوَامِضُ (broken-form diptote indefinite nominative plural)
الْحَوَامِضُ (broken-form definite diptote nominative plural)
حَوَامِضُ (broken-form construct diptote nominative plural)
حَوَامِضَ (accusative broken-form diptote indefinite plural)
الْحَوَامِضَ (accusative broken-form definite diptote plural)
حَوَامِضَ (accusative broken-form construct diptote plural)
حَوَامِضَ (broken-form diptote genitive indefinite plural)
الْحَوَامِضِ (broken-form definite diptote genitive plural)
حَوَامِضِ (broken-form construct diptote genitive plural)

From Proto-Semitic *ḥāmiṣ́-. Cognate with Biblical Hebrew חֹמֶץ (ḥómɛṣ, “vinegar”).

cog

مُتَبَّل
يُشْوَى ٱلْبَاذِنْجَانُ وَيُقَشَّرُ وَيُدَقُّ، ثُمَّ يُصَفُّ ٱلْجَوْزُ بَعْدَ غَسْلِهِ وَيُوضَعُ فَوْقَ ٱلْبَاذِنْجَانِ مَعَ ٱلطَّحِينَةِ وَٱلْحَامِضِ وَٱلْمِلْحِ وَٱلثُّومِ.

1226, محمد بن الحسن بن محمد بن الكريم الكاتب البغدادي [Muḥammad bin al-Ḥasan bin Muḥammad bin al-Karīm al-Baḡdādīy], “الذَّيْل [aḏ-ḏayl]”, in كتاب الطبيخ ومعجم المآكل الدمشقية, Hindawi Foundation, published 2018, →ISBN, page 97:

Mutabbal
Eggplants are fried, julienned, pounded, then walnut rowed after washing and placed over the eggplants with ṭahīne and lemon and salt and garlic.


دلاع

دَلَّاع (canonical)
دُلَّاع (canonical)
dallāʕ (romanization)
dullāʕ (romanization)
دَلَّاعَة (feminine singulative)
دُلَّاعَة (singulative)
دَلَّاع (collective indefinite informal triptote)
دُلَّاع (collective indefinite informal triptote)
الدَّلَّاع (collective definite informal triptote)
الدُّلَّاع (collective definite informal triptote)
دَلَّاع (collective construct informal triptote)
دُلَّاع (collective construct informal triptote)
دَلَّاعٌ (collective indefinite nominative triptote)
دُلَّاعٌ (collective indefinite nominative triptote)
الدَّلَّاعُ (collective definite nominative triptote)
الدُّلَّاعُ (collective definite nominative triptote)
دَلَّاعُ (collective construct nominative triptote)
دُلَّاعُ (collective construct nominative triptote)
دَلَّاعًا (accusative collective indefinite triptote)
دُلَّاعًا (accusative collective indefinite triptote)
الدَّلَّاعَ (accusative collective definite triptote)
الدُّلَّاعَ (accusative collective definite triptote)
دَلَّاعَ (accusative collective construct triptote)
دُلَّاعَ (accusative collective construct triptote)
دَلَّاعٍ (collective genitive indefinite triptote)
دُلَّاعٍ (collective genitive indefinite triptote)
الدَّلَّاعِ (collective definite genitive triptote)
الدُّلَّاعِ (collective definite genitive triptote)
دَلَّاعِ (collective construct genitive triptote)
دُلَّاعِ (collective construct genitive triptote)
دَلَّاعَة (ar-infl-a collective indefinite informal singulative triptote)
دُلَّاعَة (ar-infl-a collective indefinite informal singulative triptote)
الدَّلَّاعَة (ar-infl-a collective definite informal singulative triptote)
الدُّلَّاعَة (ar-infl-a collective definite informal singulative triptote)
دَلَّاعَة (ar-infl-a collective construct informal singulative triptote)
دُلَّاعَة (ar-infl-a collective construct informal singulative triptote)
دَلَّاعَةٌ (ar-infl-a collective indefinite nominative singulative triptote)
دُلَّاعَةٌ (ar-infl-a collective indefinite nominative singulative triptote)
الدَّلَّاعَةُ (ar-infl-a collective definite nominative singulative triptote)
الدُّلَّاعَةُ (ar-infl-a collective definite nominative singulative triptote)
دَلَّاعَةُ (ar-infl-a collective construct nominative singulative triptote)
دُلَّاعَةُ (ar-infl-a collective construct nominative singulative triptote)
دَلَّاعَةً (accusative ar-infl-a collective indefinite singulative triptote)
دُلَّاعَةً (accusative ar-infl-a collective indefinite singulative triptote)
الدَّلَّاعَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a collective definite singulative triptote)
الدُّلَّاعَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a collective definite singulative triptote)
دَلَّاعَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a collective construct singulative triptote)
دُلَّاعَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a collective construct singulative triptote)
دَلَّاعَةٍ (ar-infl-a collective genitive indefinite singulative triptote)
دُلَّاعَةٍ (ar-infl-a collective genitive indefinite singulative triptote)
الدَّلَّاعَةِ (ar-infl-a collective definite genitive singulative triptote)
الدُّلَّاعَةِ (ar-infl-a collective definite genitive singulative triptote)
دَلَّاعَةِ (ar-infl-a collective construct genitive singulative triptote)
دُلَّاعَةِ (ar-infl-a collective construct genitive singulative triptote)
دَلَّاعَتَيْن (ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite informal singulative triptote)
دُلَّاعَتَيْن (ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite informal singulative triptote)
الدَّلَّاعَتَيْن (ar-infl-a collective definite dual informal singulative triptote)
الدُّلَّاعَتَيْن (ar-infl-a collective definite dual informal singulative triptote)
دَلَّاعَتَيْ (ar-infl-a collective construct dual informal singulative triptote)
دُلَّاعَتَيْ (ar-infl-a collective construct dual informal singulative triptote)
دَلَّاعَتَانِ (ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite nominative singulative triptote)
دُلَّاعَتَانِ (ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite nominative singulative triptote)
الدَّلَّاعَتَانِ (ar-infl-a collective definite dual nominative singulative triptote)
الدُّلَّاعَتَانِ (ar-infl-a collective definite dual nominative singulative triptote)
دَلَّاعَتَا (ar-infl-a collective construct dual nominative singulative triptote)
دُلَّاعَتَا (ar-infl-a collective construct dual nominative singulative triptote)
دَلَّاعَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite singulative triptote)
دُلَّاعَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite singulative triptote)
الدَّلَّاعَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a collective definite dual singulative triptote)
الدُّلَّاعَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a collective definite dual singulative triptote)
دَلَّاعَتَيْ (accusative ar-infl-a collective construct dual singulative triptote)
دُلَّاعَتَيْ (accusative ar-infl-a collective construct dual singulative triptote)
دَلَّاعَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a collective dual genitive indefinite singulative triptote)
دُلَّاعَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a collective dual genitive indefinite singulative triptote)
الدَّلَّاعَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a collective definite dual genitive singulative triptote)
الدُّلَّاعَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a collective definite dual genitive singulative triptote)
دَلَّاعَتَيْ (ar-infl-a collective construct dual genitive singulative triptote)
دُلَّاعَتَيْ (ar-infl-a collective construct dual genitive singulative triptote)
دَلَّاعَات (feminine indefinite informal paucal sound-form)
دُلَّاعَات (feminine indefinite informal paucal sound-form)
الدَّلَّاعَات (definite feminine informal paucal sound-form)
الدُّلَّاعَات (definite feminine informal paucal sound-form)
دَلَّاعَات (construct feminine informal paucal sound-form)
دُلَّاعَات (construct feminine informal paucal sound-form)
دَلَّاعَاتٌ (feminine indefinite nominative paucal sound-form)
دُلَّاعَاتٌ (feminine indefinite nominative paucal sound-form)
الدَّلَّاعَاتُ (definite feminine nominative paucal sound-form)
الدُّلَّاعَاتُ (definite feminine nominative paucal sound-form)
دَلَّاعَاتُ (construct feminine nominative paucal sound-form)
دُلَّاعَاتُ (construct feminine nominative paucal sound-form)
دَلَّاعَاتٍ (accusative feminine indefinite paucal sound-form)
دُلَّاعَاتٍ (accusative feminine indefinite paucal sound-form)
الدَّلَّاعَاتِ (accusative definite feminine paucal sound-form)
الدُّلَّاعَاتِ (accusative definite feminine paucal sound-form)
دَلَّاعَاتِ (accusative construct feminine paucal sound-form)
دُلَّاعَاتِ (accusative construct feminine paucal sound-form)
دَلَّاعَاتٍ (feminine genitive indefinite paucal sound-form)
دُلَّاعَاتٍ (feminine genitive indefinite paucal sound-form)
الدَّلَّاعَاتِ (definite feminine genitive paucal sound-form)
الدُّلَّاعَاتِ (definite feminine genitive paucal sound-form)
دَلَّاعَاتِ (construct feminine genitive paucal sound-form)
دُلَّاعَاتِ (construct feminine genitive paucal sound-form)

Algerian Arabic: دلاع (dallāʕ)

Maltese: dulliegħ

Moroccan Arabic: دلاح (dallāḥ)

Tunisian Arabic: دلاع (dillēʕ)

→ Medieval Latin: adulaha

Considered sometimes a Berber borrowing, which would coincide with the spread of the watermelon in the Early Middle Ages from West Africa, however first attested in Imperial Aramaic as a plural 𐡃𐡋𐡏𐡍 (dlʿn, “gourds”) in the first quarter of the 5ᵗʰ century BCE, and it occurs in Hebrew from the Mishnaic period as דְּלַעַת (dəlaʿáṯ, “gourd”). The Arabic root د ل ع (d-l-ʕ) related to “sticking out, hanging out” is connected to the word in view of the watermelon’s way of growth. That it is first attested in Aramaic and appears only more than half a millennium later in Hebrew, sometimes with an Aramaizing plural ending, and the measure which the Arabic exposes varies in the first vowel and is in both cases for this semantic field more common in Aramaic than Arabic, points to the word having passed into Arabic from Aramaic.


دالية

ar-noun

دَالِيَة • (dāliya) f (plural دَوَالٍ (dawālin), plural construct state دَوَالِي (dawālī))

دَالِيَة (canonical)
dāliya (romanization)
دَوَالٍ (plural)
دَوَالِي (construct plural)
دَالِيَة (ar-infl-a indefinite informal singular triptote)
الدَّالِيَة (ar-infl-a definite informal singular triptote)
دَالِيَة (ar-infl-a construct informal singular triptote)
دَالِيَةٌ (ar-infl-a indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الدَّالِيَةُ (ar-infl-a definite nominative singular triptote)
دَالِيَةُ (ar-infl-a construct nominative singular triptote)
دَالِيَةً (accusative ar-infl-a indefinite singular triptote)
الدَّالِيَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a definite singular triptote)
دَالِيَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a construct singular triptote)
دَالِيَةٍ (ar-infl-a genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الدَّالِيَةِ (ar-infl-a definite genitive singular triptote)
دَالِيَةِ (ar-infl-a construct genitive singular triptote)
دَالِيَتَيْن (ar-infl-a dual indefinite informal singular triptote)
الدَّالِيَتَيْن (ar-infl-a definite dual informal singular triptote)
دَالِيَتَيْ (ar-infl-a construct dual informal singular triptote)
دَالِيَتَانِ (ar-infl-a dual indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الدَّالِيَتَانِ (ar-infl-a definite dual nominative singular triptote)
دَالِيَتَا (ar-infl-a construct dual nominative singular triptote)
دَالِيَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a dual indefinite singular triptote)
الدَّالِيَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a definite dual singular triptote)
دَالِيَتَيْ (accusative ar-infl-a construct dual singular triptote)
دَالِيَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a dual genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الدَّالِيَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a definite dual genitive singular triptote)
دَالِيَتَيْ (ar-infl-a construct dual genitive singular triptote)
دَوَالِي (ar-infl-in broken-form diptote indefinite informal plural)
الدَّوَالِي (ar-infl-in broken-form definite diptote informal plural)
دَوَالِي (ar-infl-in broken-form construct diptote informal plural)
دَوَالٍ (ar-infl-in broken-form diptote indefinite nominative plural)
الدَّوَالِي (ar-infl-in broken-form definite diptote nominative plural)
دَوَالِي (ar-infl-in broken-form construct diptote nominative plural)
دَوَالِيَ (accusative ar-infl-in broken-form diptote indefinite plural)
الدَّوَالِيَ (accusative ar-infl-in broken-form definite diptote plural)
دَوَالِيَ (accusative ar-infl-in broken-form construct diptote plural)
دَوَالٍ (ar-infl-in broken-form diptote genitive indefinite plural)
الدَّوَالِي (ar-infl-in broken-form definite diptote genitive plural)
دَوَالِي (ar-infl-in broken-form construct diptote genitive plural)

Maltese: dielja

desc

→ Middle Armenian: տոլի (toli, “vine; varix”), տոյլի (toyli), տելի (teli), տավալի (tavali)

Armenian: դիլլա (dilla), դիլի (dili)

→ Persian: دوالی (davâli, “varicose vein”)

From the root د ل و (d-l-w). Compare Aramaic דָלִיתָא / ܕܳܠܻܝܬ݂ܳܐ (dālīṯā, “vine; varicose vein”).

sl

Aramaic דָלִיתָא