πέπλος

grc-noun

πέπλος • (péplos) m (genitive πέπλου); second declension

péplos (romanization)
πέπλου (genitive)
ὁ πέπλος (nominative singular)
τὼ πέπλω (dual nominative)
οἱ πέπλοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ πέπλου (genitive singular)
τοῖν πέπλοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν πέπλων (genitive plural)
τῷ πέπλῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν πέπλοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς πέπλοις (dative plural)
τὸν πέπλον (accusative singular)
τὼ πέπλω (accusative dual)
τοὺς πέπλους (accusative plural)
πέπλε (singular vocative)
πέπλω (dual vocative)
πέπλοι (plural vocative)

→ English: peplos

desc

Greek: πέπλος m (péplos), πέπλο n (péplo)

→ Italian: peplo

Maybe a reduplicated formation from Proto-Indo-European *pel- (“to fold”) and so cognate with the Ancient Greek suffix -πλόος (-plóos).


πλευρά

grc-noun

πλευρᾱ́ • (pleurā́) f (genitive πλευρᾶς); first declension

πλευρᾱ́ (canonical)
pleurā́ (romanization)
πλευρᾶς (genitive)
ἡ πλευρᾱ́ (nominative singular)
τὼ πλευρᾱ́ (dual nominative)
αἱ πλευραί (nominative plural)
τῆς πλευρᾶς (genitive singular)
τοῖν πλευραῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν πλευρῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ πλευρᾷ (dative singular)
τοῖν πλευραῖν (dative dual)
ταῖς πλευραῖς (dative plural)
τὴν πλευρᾱ́ν (accusative singular)
τὼ πλευρᾱ́ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς πλευρᾱ́ς (accusative plural)
πλευρᾱ́ (singular vocative)
πλευρᾱ́ (dual vocative)
πλευραί (plural vocative)
πλευρή (alternative)

→ Medieval Latin: pleura

→ English: pleura

→ French: pleura

→ Italian: pleura

→ Portuguese: pleura

→ Spanish: pleura

Of uncertain origin. The traditional connections with πλάξ (pláx, “flat object, plate”) (< *plk-) and παλάμη (palámē, “palm”) (< *plh₂-em-eh₂-), via an unattested *πλῆ-ϝαρ (*plê-war), suggest a derivation from Proto-Indo-European *pleh₂- (“flat”). The semantics seem reasonable; however, the morphological formation is unclear.
An alternative theory, deriving the word from a Proto-Indo-European *pnew-reh₂, from *pnew- (“to breath”), would leave the lambdacism (ν (n) > λ (l)) unexplained (although compare πλεύμων (pleúmōn, “lung”)), in addition to being semantically farfetched (the "lung membrane" meaning appears to be a much later innovation in the English borrowing that was never present in Greek), particularly when compared to the connection with *pleh₂-.

(usually in the plural) A side of a man or animal.


νεφρός

νεφρός • (nephrós) m (genitive νεφροῦ); second declension

nephrós (romanization)
νεφροῦ (genitive)
ὁ νεφρός (nominative singular)
τὼ νεφρώ (dual nominative)
οἱ νεφροί (nominative plural)
τοῦ νεφροῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν νεφροῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν νεφρῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ νεφρῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν νεφροῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς νεφροῖς (dative plural)
τὸν νεφρόν (accusative singular)
τὼ νεφρώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς νεφρούς (accusative plural)
νεφρέ (singular vocative)
νεφρώ (dual vocative)
νεφροί (plural vocative)

→ English: nephros, nephro-

Greek: νεφρό (nefró) (neuter)

From Proto-Hellenic *nekʷʰrós, from Proto-Indo-European *negʷʰrós. Cognates include Latin nefrōnes and Proto-Germanic *neurô.


πρωκτός

πρωκτός • (prōktós) m (genitive πρωκτού); second declension

prōktós (romanization)
πρωκτού (genitive)
ὁ πρωκτός (nominative singular)
τὼ πρωκτώ (dual nominative)
οἱ πρωκτοί (nominative plural)
τοῦ πρωκτοῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν πρωκτοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν πρωκτῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ πρωκτῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν πρωκτοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς πρωκτοῖς (dative plural)
τὸν πρωκτόν (accusative singular)
τὼ πρωκτώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς πρωκτούς (accusative plural)
πρωκτέ (singular vocative)
πρωκτώ (dual vocative)
πρωκτοί (plural vocative)

→ Greek: πρωκτός (proktós)

⇒ English: proctodeum


φλέγμα

φλέγμᾰ • (phlégmă) n (genitive φλέγμᾰτος); third declension

φλέγμᾰ (canonical)
phlégmă (romanization)
φλέγμᾰτος (genitive)
τὸ φλέγμᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ φλέγμᾰτε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ φλέγμᾰτᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ φλέγμᾰτος (genitive singular)
τοῖν φλεγμᾰ́τοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν φλεγμᾰ́των (genitive plural)
τῷ φλέγμᾰτῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν φλεγμᾰ́τοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς φλέγμᾰσῐ (dative plural)
φλέγμᾰσῐν (dative plural)
toîs phlégmăsĭ (dative plural)
toîs phlégmăsĭn (dative plural)
τὸ φλέγμᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ φλέγμᾰτε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ φλέγμᾰτᾰ (accusative plural)
φλέγμᾰ (singular vocative)
φλέγμᾰτε (dual vocative)
φλέγμᾰτᾰ (plural vocative)

desctree

→ Arabic: بَلْغَم (balḡam)
Maltese: belgħun
→ Azerbaijani: bəlğəm
→ Indonesian: balgam
→ Middle Armenian: պալղամ (palġam), պլղամ (plġam)
→ Ottoman Turkish: بالغام (balgam)
Turkish: balgam
→ Gagauz: balgam
→ Swahili: balaghamu

→ English: phlegm

→ Latin: phlegma
Catalan: flegma
Galician: freima, flegma
Italian: flemma
French: flemme, flegme
Old French: fleume
→ Middle Dutch: fleume, fleuma
Dutch: fluim
Polish: flegma
Portuguese: flegma, fleuma, fleima
Romanian: flegmă
Spanish: flema

From φλέγω (phlégō, “to set on fire, inflame”) + -μα (-ma).


καίω

grc-verb

καίω • (kaíō)

kaíō (romanization)
καίω (active first-person indicative singular)
καίεις (active indicative second-person singular)
καίει (active indicative singular third-person)
καίετον (active dual indicative second-person)
καίετον (active dual indicative third-person)
καίομεν (active first-person indicative plural)
καίετε (active indicative plural second-person)
καίουσῐ (active indicative plural third-person)
καίουσῐν (active indicative plural third-person)
καίω (active first-person singular subjunctive)
καίῃς (active second-person singular subjunctive)
καίῃ (active singular subjunctive third-person)
καίητον (active dual second-person subjunctive)
καίητον (active dual subjunctive third-person)
καίωμεν (active first-person plural subjunctive)
καίητε (active plural second-person subjunctive)
καίωσῐ (active plural subjunctive third-person)
καίωσῐν (active plural subjunctive third-person)
καίοιμῐ (active first-person optative singular)
καίοις (active optative second-person singular)
καίοι (active optative singular third-person)
καίοιτον (active dual optative second-person)
καιοίτην (active dual optative third-person)
καίοιμεν (active first-person optative plural)
καίοιτε (active optative plural second-person)
καίοιεν (active optative plural third-person)
καῖε (active imperative second-person singular)
καιέτω (active imperative singular third-person)
καίετον (active dual imperative second-person)
καιέτων (active dual imperative third-person)
καίετε (active imperative plural second-person)
καιόντων (active imperative plural third-person)
καίομαι (first-person indicative middle passive singular)
καίῃ (indicative middle passive second-person singular)
καίει (indicative middle passive second-person singular)
καίεται (indicative middle passive singular third-person)
καίεσθον (dual indicative middle passive second-person)
καίεσθον (dual indicative middle passive third-person)
καιόμεθᾰ (first-person indicative middle passive plural)
καίεσθε (indicative middle passive plural second-person)
καίονται (indicative middle passive plural third-person)
καίωμαι (first-person middle passive singular subjunctive)
καίῃ (middle passive second-person singular subjunctive)
καίηται (middle passive singular subjunctive third-person)
καίησθον (dual middle passive second-person subjunctive)
καίησθον (dual middle passive subjunctive third-person)
καιώμεθᾰ (first-person middle passive plural subjunctive)
καίησθε (middle passive plural second-person subjunctive)
καίωνται (middle passive plural subjunctive third-person)
καιοίμην (first-person middle optative passive singular)
καίοιο (middle optative passive second-person singular)
καίοιτο (middle optative passive singular third-person)
καίοισθον (dual middle optative passive second-person)
καιοίσθην (dual middle optative passive third-person)
καιοίμεθᾰ (first-person middle optative passive plural)
καίοισθε (middle optative passive plural second-person)
καίοιντο (middle optative passive plural third-person)
καίου (imperative middle passive second-person singular)
καιέσθω (imperative middle passive singular third-person)
καίεσθον (dual imperative middle passive second-person)
καιέσθων (dual imperative middle passive third-person)
καίεσθε (imperative middle passive plural second-person)
καιέσθων (imperative middle passive plural third-person)
καίειν (active infinitive)
καίεσθαι (infinitive middle passive plural)
καίων (active masculine participle)
καιόμενος (masculine middle participle passive plural)
καίουσᾰ (active feminine participle)
καιομένη (feminine middle participle passive plural)
καῖον (active neuter participle)
καιόμενον (middle neuter participle passive plural)
ἔκαιον (active first-person indicative singular)
ἔκαιες (active indicative second-person singular)
ἔκαιε (active indicative singular third-person)
ἔκαιεν (active indicative singular third-person)
ἐκαίετον (active dual indicative second-person)
ἐκαιέτην (active dual indicative third-person)
ἐκαίομεν (active first-person indicative plural)
ἐκαίετε (active indicative plural second-person)
ἔκαιον (active indicative plural third-person)
ἐκαιόμην (first-person indicative middle passive singular)
ἐκαίου (indicative middle passive second-person singular)
ἐκαίετο (indicative middle passive singular third-person)
ἐκαίεσθον (dual indicative middle passive second-person)
ἐκαιέσθην (dual indicative middle passive third-person)
ἐκαιόμεθᾰ (first-person indicative middle passive plural)
ἐκαίεσθε (indicative middle passive plural second-person)
ἐκαίοντο (indicative middle passive plural third-person)
καῖον (active first-person indicative singular)
καῖες (active indicative second-person singular)
καῖε (active indicative singular third-person)
καῖεν (active indicative singular third-person)
καίετον (active dual indicative second-person)
καιέτην (active dual indicative third-person)
καίομεν (active first-person indicative plural)
καίετε (active indicative plural second-person)
καῖον (active indicative plural third-person)
καιόμην (first-person indicative middle passive singular)
καίου (indicative middle passive second-person singular)
καίετο (indicative middle passive singular third-person)
καίεσθον (dual indicative middle passive second-person)
καιέσθην (dual indicative middle passive third-person)
καιόμεθᾰ (first-person indicative middle passive plural)
καιόμεσθᾰ (first-person indicative middle passive plural)
καίεσθε (indicative middle passive plural second-person)
καίοντο (indicative middle passive plural third-person)
καύσω (active first-person indicative singular)
καύσεις (active indicative second-person singular)
καύσει (active indicative singular third-person)
καύσετον (active dual indicative second-person)
καύσετον (active dual indicative third-person)
καύσομεν (active first-person indicative plural)
καύσετε (active indicative plural second-person)
καύσουσῐ (active indicative plural third-person)
καύσουσῐν (active indicative plural third-person)
καύσοιμῐ (active first-person optative singular)
καύσοις (active optative second-person singular)
καύσοι (active optative singular third-person)
καύσοιτον (active dual optative second-person)
καυσοίτην (active dual optative third-person)
καύσοιμεν (active first-person optative plural)
καύσοιτε (active optative plural second-person)
καύσοιεν (active optative plural third-person)
καύσομαι (first-person indicative middle singular)
καύσῃ (indicative middle second-person singular)
καύσει (indicative middle second-person singular)
καύσεται (indicative middle singular third-person)
καύσεσθον (dual indicative middle second-person)
καύσεσθον (dual indicative middle third-person)
καυσόμεθᾰ (first-person indicative middle plural)
καύσεσθε (indicative middle plural second-person)
καύσονται (indicative middle plural third-person)
καυσοίμην (first-person middle optative singular)
καύσοιο (middle optative second-person singular)
καύσοιτο (middle optative singular third-person)
καύσοισθον (dual middle optative second-person)
καυσοίσθην (dual middle optative third-person)
καυσοίμεθᾰ (first-person middle optative plural)
καύσοισθε (middle optative plural second-person)
καύσοιντο (middle optative plural third-person)
καυθήσομαι (first-person indicative passive singular)
καυθήσῃ (indicative passive second-person singular)
καυθήσεται (indicative passive singular third-person)
καυθήσεσθον (dual indicative passive second-person)
καυθήσεσθον (dual indicative passive third-person)
καυθησόμεθᾰ (first-person indicative passive plural)
καυθήσεσθε (indicative passive plural second-person)
καυθήσονται (indicative passive plural third-person)
καυθησοίμην (first-person optative passive singular)
καυθήσοιο (optative passive second-person singular)
καυθήσοιτο (optative passive singular third-person)
καυθήσοισθον (dual optative passive second-person)
καυθησοίσθην (dual optative passive third-person)
καυθησοίμεθᾰ (first-person optative passive plural)
καυθήσοισθε (optative passive plural second-person)
καυθήσοιντο (optative passive plural third-person)
καύσειν (active infinitive)
καύσεσθαι (infinitive middle second-person third-person)
καυθήσεσθαι (infinitive passive)
καύσων (active masculine participle)
καυσόμενος (masculine middle participle second-person third-person)
καυθησόμενος (masculine participle passive)
καύσουσᾰ (active feminine participle)
καυσομένη (feminine middle participle second-person third-person)
καυθησομένη (feminine participle passive)
καῦσον (active neuter participle)
καυσόμενον (middle neuter participle second-person third-person)
καυθησόμενον (neuter participle passive)
καήσομαι (first-person indicative passive singular)
καήσῃ (indicative passive second-person singular)
καήσεται (indicative passive singular third-person)
καήσεσθον (dual indicative passive second-person)
καήσεσθον (dual indicative passive third-person)
καησόμεθᾰ (first-person indicative passive plural)
καήσεσθε (indicative passive plural second-person)
καήσονται (indicative passive plural third-person)
καησοίμην (first-person optative passive singular)
καήσοιο (optative passive second-person singular)
καήσοιτο (optative passive singular third-person)
καήσοισθον (dual optative passive second-person)
καησοίσθην (dual optative passive third-person)
καησοίμεθᾰ (first-person optative passive plural)
καήσοισθε (optative passive plural second-person)
καήσοιντο (optative passive plural third-person)
καήσεσθαι (infinitive passive)
καησόμενος (masculine participle passive)
καησομένη (feminine participle passive)
καησόμενον (neuter participle passive)
ἔκαυσᾰ (active first-person indicative singular)
ἔκαυσᾰς (active indicative second-person singular)
ἔκαυσε (active indicative singular third-person)
ἔκαυσεν (active indicative singular third-person)
ἐκαύσᾰτον (active dual indicative second-person)
ἐκαυσᾰ́την (active dual indicative third-person)
ἐκαύσᾰμεν (active first-person indicative plural)
ἐκαύσᾰτε (active indicative plural second-person)
ἔκαυσᾰν (active indicative plural third-person)
καύσω (active first-person singular subjunctive)
καύσῃς (active second-person singular subjunctive)
καύσῃ (active singular subjunctive third-person)
καύσητον (active dual second-person subjunctive)
καύσητον (active dual subjunctive third-person)
καύσωμεν (active first-person plural subjunctive)
καύσητε (active plural second-person subjunctive)
καύσωσῐ (active plural subjunctive third-person)
καύσωσῐν (active plural subjunctive third-person)
καύσαιμῐ (active first-person optative singular)
καύσειᾰς (active optative second-person singular)
καύσαις (active optative second-person singular)
καύσειε (active optative singular third-person)
καύσειεν (active optative singular third-person)
καύσαι (active optative singular third-person)
καύσαιτον (active dual optative second-person)
καυσαίτην (active dual optative third-person)
καύσαιμεν (active first-person optative plural)
καύσαιτε (active optative plural second-person)
καύσειᾰν (active optative plural third-person)
καύσαιεν (active optative plural third-person)
καῦσον (active imperative second-person singular)
καυσᾰ́τω (active imperative singular third-person)
καύσᾰτον (active dual imperative second-person)
καυσᾰ́των (active dual imperative third-person)
καύσᾰτε (active imperative plural second-person)
καυσᾰ́ντων (active imperative plural third-person)
ἐκαυσᾰ́μην (first-person indicative middle singular)
ἐκαύσω (indicative middle second-person singular)
ἐκαύσᾰτο (indicative middle singular third-person)
ἐκαύσᾰσθον (dual indicative middle second-person)
ἐκαυσᾰ́σθην (dual indicative middle third-person)
ἐκαυσᾰ́μεθᾰ (first-person indicative middle plural)
ἐκαύσᾰσθε (indicative middle plural second-person)
ἐκαύσᾰντο (indicative middle plural third-person)
καύσωμαι (first-person middle singular subjunctive)
καύσῃ (middle second-person singular subjunctive)
καύσηται (middle singular subjunctive third-person)
καύσησθον (dual middle second-person subjunctive)
καύσησθον (dual middle subjunctive third-person)
καυσώμεθᾰ (first-person middle plural subjunctive)
καύσησθε (middle plural second-person subjunctive)
καύσωνται (middle plural subjunctive third-person)
καυσαίμην (first-person middle optative singular)
καύσαιο (middle optative second-person singular)
καύσαιτο (middle optative singular third-person)
καύσαισθον (dual middle optative second-person)
καυσαίσθην (dual middle optative third-person)
καυσαίμεθᾰ (first-person middle optative plural)
καύσαισθε (middle optative plural second-person)
καύσαιντο (middle optative plural third-person)
καῦσαι (imperative middle second-person singular)
καυσᾰ́σθω (imperative middle singular third-person)
καύσᾰσθον (dual imperative middle second-person)
καυσᾰ́σθων (dual imperative middle third-person)
καύσᾰσθε (imperative middle plural second-person)
καυσᾰ́σθων (imperative middle plural third-person)
ἐκαύθην (first-person indicative passive singular)
ἐκαύθης (indicative passive second-person singular)
ἐκαύθη (indicative passive singular third-person)
ἐκαύθητον (dual indicative passive second-person)
ἐκαυθήτην (dual indicative passive third-person)
ἐκαύθημεν (first-person indicative passive plural)
ἐκαύθητε (indicative passive plural second-person)
ἐκαύθησᾰν (indicative passive plural third-person)
καυθῶ (first-person passive singular subjunctive)
καυθῇς (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
καυθῇ (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
καυθῆτον (dual passive second-person subjunctive)
καυθῆτον (dual passive subjunctive third-person)
καυθῶμεν (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
καυθῆτε (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
καυθῶσῐ (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
καυθῶσῐν (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
καυθείην (first-person optative passive singular)
καυθείης (optative passive second-person singular)
καυθείη (optative passive singular third-person)
καυθεῖτον (dual optative passive second-person)
καυθείητον (dual optative passive second-person)
καυθείτην (dual optative passive third-person)
καυθειήτην (dual optative passive third-person)
καυθεῖμεν (first-person optative passive plural)
καυθείημεν (first-person optative passive plural)
καυθεῖτε (optative passive plural second-person)
καυθείητε (optative passive plural second-person)
καυθεῖεν (optative passive plural third-person)
καυθείησᾰν (optative passive plural third-person)
καύθητῐ (imperative passive second-person singular)
καυθήτω (imperative passive singular third-person)
καύθητον (dual imperative passive second-person)
καυθήτων (dual imperative passive third-person)
καύθητε (imperative passive plural second-person)
καυθέντων (imperative passive plural third-person)
καῦσαι (active infinitive)
καύσᾰσθαι (infinitive middle second-person third-person)
καυθῆναι (infinitive passive)
καύσᾱς (active masculine participle)
καυσᾰ́μενος (masculine middle participle second-person third-person)
καυθείς (masculine participle passive)
καύσᾱσᾰ (active feminine participle)
καυσᾰμένη (feminine middle participle second-person third-person)
καυθεῖσᾰ (feminine participle passive)
καῦσᾰν (active neuter participle)
καυσᾰ́μενον (middle neuter participle second-person third-person)
καυθέν (neuter participle passive)
ἔκηᾰ (active first-person indicative singular)
ἔκηᾰς (active indicative second-person singular)
ἔκηε (active indicative singular third-person)
ἔκηεν (active indicative singular third-person)
ἐκήᾰτον (active dual indicative second-person)
ἐκηᾰ́την (active dual indicative third-person)
ἐκήᾰμεν (active first-person indicative plural)
ἐκήᾰτε (active indicative plural second-person)
ἔκηᾰν (active indicative plural third-person)
κήω (active first-person singular subjunctive)
κήωμῐ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
κήῃς (active second-person singular subjunctive)
κήῃσθᾰ (active second-person singular subjunctive)
κήῃ (active singular subjunctive third-person)
κήῃσῐ (active singular subjunctive third-person)
κήητον (active dual second-person subjunctive)
κήητον (active dual subjunctive third-person)
κήωμεν (active first-person plural subjunctive)
κήητε (active plural second-person subjunctive)
κήωσῐ (active plural subjunctive third-person)
κήωσῐν (active plural subjunctive third-person)
κήαιμῐ (active first-person optative singular)
κήαις (active optative second-person singular)
κήαισθᾰ (active optative second-person singular)
κήειᾰς (active optative second-person singular)
κήειε (active optative singular third-person)
κήειεν (active optative singular third-person)
κήαι (active optative singular third-person)
κηεῖτον (active dual optative second-person)
κηείτην (active dual optative third-person)
κηεῖμεν (active first-person optative plural)
κηεῖτε (active optative plural second-person)
κηεῖεν (active optative plural third-person)
κῆον (active imperative second-person singular)
κηᾰ́τω (active imperative singular third-person)
κήᾰτον (active dual imperative second-person)
κηᾰ́των (active dual imperative third-person)
κήᾰτε (active imperative plural second-person)
κηᾰ́ντων (active imperative plural third-person)
ἐκηᾰ́μην (first-person indicative middle singular)
ἐκήᾰο (indicative middle second-person singular)
ἐκήᾰτο (indicative middle singular third-person)
ἐκήᾰσθον (dual indicative middle second-person)
ἐκηᾰ́σθην (dual indicative middle third-person)
ἐκηᾰ́μεθᾰ (first-person indicative middle plural)
ἐκηᾰ́μεσθᾰ (first-person indicative middle plural)
ἐκήᾰσθε (indicative middle plural second-person)
ἐκήᾰντο (indicative middle plural third-person)
κήωμαι (first-person middle singular subjunctive)
κήηαι (middle second-person singular subjunctive)
κήηται (middle singular subjunctive third-person)
κήησθον (dual middle second-person subjunctive)
κήησθον (dual middle subjunctive third-person)
κηώμεθᾰ (first-person middle plural subjunctive)
κηώμεσθᾰ (first-person middle plural subjunctive)
κήησθε (middle plural second-person subjunctive)
κήωνται (middle plural subjunctive third-person)
κηαίμην (first-person middle optative singular)
κήαιο (middle optative second-person singular)
κήαιτο (middle optative singular third-person)
κήαισθον (dual middle optative second-person)
κηαίσθην (dual middle optative third-person)
κηαίμεθᾰ (first-person middle optative plural)
κηαίμεσθᾰ (first-person middle optative plural)
κήαισθε (middle optative plural second-person)
κηαίᾰτο (middle optative plural third-person)
κῆαι (imperative middle second-person singular)
κηᾰ́σθω (imperative middle singular third-person)
κήᾰσθον (dual imperative middle second-person)
κηᾰ́σθων (dual imperative middle third-person)
κήᾰσθε (imperative middle plural second-person)
κηᾰ́σθων (imperative middle plural third-person)
κῆαι (active infinitive)
κηᾰ́μεν (active infinitive)
κηᾰμέναι (active infinitive)
κήᾰσθαι (dual infinitive middle second-person third-person)
κήᾱς (active masculine participle)
κηᾰ́μενος (dual masculine middle participle second-person third-person)
κήᾱσᾰ (active feminine participle)
κηᾰμένη (dual feminine middle participle second-person third-person)
κῆᾰν (active neuter participle)
κηᾰ́μενον (dual middle neuter participle second-person third-person)
ἔκειᾰ (active first-person indicative singular)
ἔκειᾰς (active indicative second-person singular)
ἔκειε (active indicative singular third-person)
ἔκειεν (active indicative singular third-person)
ἐκείᾰτον (active dual indicative second-person)
ἐκειᾰ́την (active dual indicative third-person)
ἐκείᾰμεν (active first-person indicative plural)
ἐκείᾰτε (active indicative plural second-person)
ἔκειᾰν (active indicative plural third-person)
κείω (active first-person singular subjunctive)
κείωμῐ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
κείῃς (active second-person singular subjunctive)
κείῃσθᾰ (active second-person singular subjunctive)
κείῃ (active singular subjunctive third-person)
κείῃσῐ (active singular subjunctive third-person)
κείητον (active dual second-person subjunctive)
κείητον (active dual subjunctive third-person)
κείωμεν (active first-person plural subjunctive)
κείητε (active plural second-person subjunctive)
κείωσῐ (active plural subjunctive third-person)
κείωσῐν (active plural subjunctive third-person)
κείαιμῐ (active first-person optative singular)
κείαις (active optative second-person singular)
κείαισθᾰ (active optative second-person singular)
κείειᾰς (active optative second-person singular)
κείειε (active optative singular third-person)
κείειεν (active optative singular third-person)
κείαι (active optative singular third-person)
κειεῖτον (active dual optative second-person)
κειείτην (active dual optative third-person)
κειεῖμεν (active first-person optative plural)
κειεῖτε (active optative plural second-person)
κειεῖεν (active optative plural third-person)
κεῖον (active imperative second-person singular)
κειᾰ́τω (active imperative singular third-person)
κείᾰτον (active dual imperative second-person)
κειᾰ́των (active dual imperative third-person)
κείᾰτε (active imperative plural second-person)
κειᾰ́ντων (active imperative plural third-person)
ἐκειᾰ́μην (first-person indicative middle singular)
ἐκείᾰο (indicative middle second-person singular)
ἐκείᾰτο (indicative middle singular third-person)
ἐκείᾰσθον (dual indicative middle second-person)
ἐκειᾰ́σθην (dual indicative middle third-person)
ἐκειᾰ́μεθᾰ (first-person indicative middle plural)
ἐκειᾰ́μεσθᾰ (first-person indicative middle plural)
ἐκείᾰσθε (indicative middle plural second-person)
ἐκείᾰντο (indicative middle plural third-person)
κείωμαι (first-person middle singular subjunctive)
κείηαι (middle second-person singular subjunctive)
κείηται (middle singular subjunctive third-person)
κείησθον (dual middle second-person subjunctive)
κείησθον (dual middle subjunctive third-person)
κειώμεθᾰ (first-person middle plural subjunctive)
κειώμεσθᾰ (first-person middle plural subjunctive)
κείησθε (middle plural second-person subjunctive)
κείωνται (middle plural subjunctive third-person)
κειαίμην (first-person middle optative singular)
κείαιο (middle optative second-person singular)
κείαιτο (middle optative singular third-person)
κείαισθον (dual middle optative second-person)
κειαίσθην (dual middle optative third-person)
κειαίμεθᾰ (first-person middle optative plural)
κειαίμεσθᾰ (first-person middle optative plural)
κείαισθε (middle optative plural second-person)
κειαίᾰτο (middle optative plural third-person)
κεῖαι (imperative middle second-person singular)
κειᾰ́σθω (imperative middle singular third-person)
κείᾰσθον (dual imperative middle second-person)
κειᾰ́σθων (dual imperative middle third-person)
κείᾰσθε (imperative middle plural second-person)
κειᾰ́σθων (imperative middle plural third-person)
κεῖαι (active infinitive)
κειᾰ́μεν (active infinitive)
κειᾰμέναι (active infinitive)
κείᾰσθαι (dual infinitive middle second-person third-person)
κείᾱς (active masculine participle)
κειᾰ́μενος (dual masculine middle participle second-person third-person)
κείᾱσᾰ (active feminine participle)
κειᾰμένη (dual feminine middle participle second-person third-person)
κεῖᾰν (active neuter participle)
κειᾰ́μενον (dual middle neuter participle second-person third-person)
ἐκάην (first-person indicative passive singular)
ἐκάης (indicative passive second-person singular)
ἐκάη (indicative passive singular third-person)
ἐκάητον (dual indicative passive second-person)
ἐκαήτην (dual indicative passive third-person)
ἐκάημεν (first-person indicative passive plural)
ἐκάητε (indicative passive plural second-person)
ἐκάησᾰν (indicative passive plural third-person)
καῶ (first-person passive singular subjunctive)
καῇς (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
καῇ (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
καῆτον (dual passive second-person subjunctive)
καῆτον (dual passive subjunctive third-person)
καῶμεν (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
καῆτε (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
καῶσῐ (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
καῶσῐν (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
καείην (first-person optative passive singular)
καείης (optative passive second-person singular)
καείη (optative passive singular third-person)
καεῖτον (dual optative passive second-person)
καείητον (dual optative passive second-person)
καείτην (dual optative passive third-person)
καειήτην (dual optative passive third-person)
καεῖμεν (first-person optative passive plural)
καείημεν (first-person optative passive plural)
καεῖτε (optative passive plural second-person)
καείητε (optative passive plural second-person)
καεῖεν (optative passive plural third-person)
καείησᾰν (optative passive plural third-person)
κάηθῐ (imperative passive second-person singular)
καήτω (imperative passive singular third-person)
κάητον (dual imperative passive second-person)
καήτων (dual imperative passive third-person)
κάητε (imperative passive plural second-person)
καέντων (imperative passive plural third-person)
καῆναι (infinitive passive)
καείς (masculine participle passive)
καεῖσᾰ (feminine participle passive)
καέν (neuter participle passive)
κέκαυκᾰ (active first-person indicative singular)
κέκαυκᾰς (active indicative second-person singular)
κέκαυκε (active indicative singular third-person)
κέκαυκεν (active indicative singular third-person)
κεκαύκᾰτον (active dual indicative second-person)
κεκαύκᾰτον (active dual indicative third-person)
κεκαύκᾰμεν (active first-person indicative plural)
κεκαύκᾰτε (active indicative plural second-person)
κεκαύκᾱσῐ (active indicative plural third-person)
κεκαύκᾱσῐν (active indicative plural third-person)
κεκαύκω (active first-person singular subjunctive)
κεκαύκῃς (active second-person singular subjunctive)
κεκαύκῃ (active singular subjunctive third-person)
κεκαύκητον (active dual second-person subjunctive)
κεκαύκητον (active dual subjunctive third-person)
κεκαύκωμεν (active first-person plural subjunctive)
κεκαύκητε (active plural second-person subjunctive)
κεκαύκωσῐ (active plural subjunctive third-person)
κεκαύκωσῐν (active plural subjunctive third-person)
κεκαύκοιμῐ (active first-person optative singular)
κεκαυκοίην (active first-person optative singular)
κεκαύκοις (active optative second-person singular)
κεκαυκοίης (active optative second-person singular)
κεκαύκοι (active optative singular third-person)
κεκαυκοίη (active optative singular third-person)
κεκαύκοιτον (active dual optative second-person)
κεκαυκοίτην (active dual optative third-person)
κεκαύκοιμεν (active first-person optative plural)
κεκαύκοιτε (active optative plural second-person)
κεκαύκοιεν (active optative plural third-person)
κέκαυκε (active imperative second-person singular)
κεκαυκέτω (active imperative singular third-person)
κεκαύκετον (active dual imperative second-person)
κεκαυκέτων (active dual imperative third-person)
κεκαύκετε (active imperative plural second-person)
κεκαυκόντων (active imperative plural third-person)
κέκαυμαι (first-person indicative middle passive singular)
κέκαυσαι (indicative middle passive second-person singular)
κέκαυται (indicative middle passive singular third-person)
κέκαυσθον (dual indicative middle passive second-person)
κέκαυσθον (dual indicative middle passive third-person)
κεκαύμεθᾰ (first-person indicative middle passive plural)
κέκαυσθε (indicative middle passive plural second-person)
κέκαυνται (indicative middle passive plural third-person)
κεκαυμένος ὦ (first-person middle passive singular subjunctive)
κεκαυμένος ᾖς (middle passive second-person singular subjunctive)
κεκαυμένος ᾖ (middle passive singular subjunctive third-person)
κεκαυμένω ἦτον (dual middle passive second-person subjunctive)
κεκαυμένω ἦτον (dual middle passive subjunctive third-person)
κεκαυμένοι ὦμεν (first-person middle passive plural subjunctive)
κεκαυμένοι ἦτε (middle passive plural second-person subjunctive)
κεκαυμένοι ὦσῐ (middle passive plural subjunctive third-person)
κεκαυμένοι ὦσῐν (middle passive plural subjunctive third-person)
κεκαυμένος εἴην (first-person middle optative passive singular)
κεκαυμένος εἴης (middle optative passive second-person singular)
κεκαυμένος εἴη (middle optative passive singular third-person)
κεκαυμένω εἴητον (dual middle optative passive second-person)
εἶτον (dual middle optative passive second-person)
κεκαυμένω εἰήτην (dual middle optative passive third-person)
εἴτην (dual middle optative passive third-person)
κεκαυμένοι εἴημεν (first-person middle optative passive plural)
εἶμεν (first-person middle optative passive plural)
κεκαυμένοι εἴητε (middle optative passive plural second-person)
εἶτε (middle optative passive plural second-person)
κεκαυμένοι εἴησᾰν (middle optative passive plural third-person)
εἶεν (middle optative passive plural third-person)
κέκαυσο (imperative middle passive second-person singular)
κεκαύσθω (imperative middle passive singular third-person)
κέκαυσθον (dual imperative middle passive second-person)
κεκαύσθων (dual imperative middle passive third-person)
κέκαυσθε (imperative middle passive plural second-person)
κεκαύσθων (imperative middle passive plural third-person)
κεκαυκέναι (active infinitive)
κεκαῦσθαι (infinitive middle passive plural)
κεκαυκώς (active masculine participle)
κεκαυμένος (masculine middle participle passive plural)
κεκαυκυῖᾰ (active feminine participle)
κεκαυμένη (feminine middle participle passive plural)
κεκαυκός (active neuter participle)
κεκαυμένον (middle neuter participle passive plural)
ἐκεκαύκειν (active first-person indicative singular)
ἐκεκαύκη (active first-person indicative singular)
ἐκεκαύκεις (active indicative second-person singular)
ἐκεκαύκης (active indicative second-person singular)
ἐκεκαύκει (active indicative singular third-person)
ἐκεκαύκειν (active indicative singular third-person)
ἐκεκαύκετον (active dual indicative second-person)
ἐκεκαυκέτην (active dual indicative third-person)
ἐκεκαύκεμεν (active first-person indicative plural)
ἐκεκαύκετε (active indicative plural second-person)
ἐκεκαύκεσᾰν (active indicative plural third-person)
ἐκεκαύμην (first-person indicative middle passive singular)
ἐκέκαυσο (indicative middle passive second-person singular)
ἐκέκαυτο (indicative middle passive singular third-person)
ἐκέκαυσθον (dual indicative middle passive second-person)
ἐκεκαύσθην (dual indicative middle passive third-person)
ἐκεκαύμεθᾰ (first-person indicative middle passive plural)
ἐκέκαυσθε (indicative middle passive plural second-person)
ἐκέκαυντο (indicative middle passive plural third-person)
κάω (alternative)

Greek: καίω (kaío), καίγω (kaígo)

English: ink

From Proto-Hellenic *kayyō, past that is uncertain. Perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *keh₂w- (“to burn”), with cognates such as Lithuanian kūlė̃ (“smut fungus ("burnt fungus")”), Latvian kūla (“old; dry; grass of last year”), and possibly Persian سو (su, “light”).


γλουτός

grc-noun

γλουτός • (gloutós) m (genitive γλουτοῦ); second declension

gloutós (romanization)
γλουτοῦ (genitive)
ὁ γλουτός (nominative singular)
τὼ γλουτώ (dual nominative)
οἱ γλουτοί (nominative plural)
τοῦ γλουτοῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν γλουτοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν γλουτῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ γλουτῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν γλουτοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς γλουτοῖς (dative plural)
τὸν γλουτόν (accusative singular)
τὼ γλουτώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς γλουτούς (accusative plural)
γλουτέ (singular vocative)
γλουτώ (dual vocative)
γλουτοί (plural vocative)
τᾰ̀ γλουτᾰ́ (nominative plural)
τῶν γλουτῶν (genitive plural)
τοῖς γλουτοῖς (dative plural)
τᾰ̀ γλουτᾰ́ (accusative plural)
γλουτᾰ́ (plural vocative)

Greek: γλουτός (gloutós)

⇒ Catalan: gluti

⇒ English: gluteus

Compared with Slovene glûta (“lump, swelling”); further with Old English clūd (“rock, boulder”), which is semantically less evident. Without t-suffix, there is Sanskrit ग्लौ (glaú, “round lump, wen-like excrescence”). The Indo-European material is not very convincing. Beekes does not dismiss a Pre-Greek origin.

cog

800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 5.66

460 BCE – 370 BCE, Hippocrates of Kos, On Fractures 13

384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, History of Animals 493a.23

460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 4.9

ὅταν δὲ περιενέγκῃ τὸν πόδα, τότε καὶ τὼ γλουτὼ καθέτω ἐπὶ τὸν ἵππον.

430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, On Horsemanship 7.2

hótan dè perienénkēi tòn póda, tóte kaì tṑ gloutṑ kathétō epì tòn híppon.

120 CE – 175 CE, Vettius Valens, Anthology 393.8

300 CE – 400 CE, Quintus Smyrnaeus, Posthomerica 6.401

125 CE – 200 CE, Lucian, Amores (Affairs of the Heart) 14

I., AI 15.374

155 CE – 235 CE, Cassius Dio, Collected Works 43.23.2

155 CE – 235 CE, Cassius Dio, Collected Works 62.2.4

350 CE – 450 CE, Nonnus, Par.Eu.Io. 21.40

800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 8.340

Triph. 81

120 CE – 175 CE, Vettius Valens, Anthology 105.17

Thdt., H.Rel. 18.1

(of a horse) a haunch (contrasted with ἰσχίον (iskhíon, “hip-joint”))


σκελετός

grc-noun

σκελετός • (skeletós) m (genitive σκελετοῦ); second declension

skeletós (romanization)
σκελετοῦ (genitive)
ὁ σκελετός (nominative singular)
τὼ σκελετώ (dual nominative)
οἱ σκελετοί (nominative plural)
τοῦ σκελετοῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν σκελετοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν σκελετῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ σκελετῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν σκελετοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς σκελετοῖς (dative plural)
τὸν σκελετόν (accusative singular)
τὼ σκελετώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς σκελετούς (accusative plural)
σκελετέ (singular vocative)
σκελετώ (dual vocative)
σκελετοί (plural vocative)

→ Catalan: esquelet

→ German: Skelett

→ Greek: σκελετός (skeletós) (learned)

→ Latin: sceletus

From σκέλλω (skéllō, “to dry up, parch”) + -τός (-tós, adjectival suffix).


πάγκρεας

grc-noun

πᾰ́γκρεᾰς • (pắnkreăs) n (genitive πᾰγκρέᾰτος); third declension

πᾰ́γκρεᾰς (canonical)
pắnkreăs (romanization)
πᾰγκρέᾰτος (genitive)
τὸ πᾰ́γκρεᾰς (nominative singular)
τὼ πᾰγκρέᾰτε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ πᾰγκρέᾰτᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ πᾰγκρέᾰτος (genitive singular)
τοῖν πᾰγκρεᾰ́τοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν πᾰγκρεᾰ́των (genitive plural)
τῷ πᾰγκρέᾰτῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν πᾰγκρεᾰ́τοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς πᾰγκρέᾰσῐ (dative plural)
πᾰγκρέᾰσῐν (dative plural)
toîs pănkréăsĭ (dative plural)
toîs pănkréăsĭn (dative plural)
τὸ πᾰ́γκρεᾰς (accusative singular)
τὼ πᾰγκρέᾰτε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ πᾰγκρέᾰτᾰ (accusative plural)
πᾰ́γκρεᾰς (singular vocative)
πᾰγκρέᾰτε (dual vocative)
πᾰγκρέᾰτᾰ (plural vocative)

Greek: πάγκρεας (págkreas)

→ Latin: pancreas

From παν- (pan-, all) + κρέας (kréas, “meat”).


μεθοδικός

μεθοδῐκός (canonical)
methodĭkós (romanization)
μεθοδῐκή (feminine)
μεθοδῐκόν (neuter)
μεθοδῐκός (masculine nominative singular)
μεθοδῐκή (feminine nominative singular)
μεθοδῐκόν (neuter nominative singular)
μεθοδῐκώ (dual masculine nominative)
μεθοδῐκᾱ́ (dual feminine nominative)
μεθοδῐκώ (dual neuter nominative)
μεθοδῐκοί (masculine nominative plural)
μεθοδῐκαί (feminine nominative plural)
μεθοδῐκᾰ́ (neuter nominative plural)
μεθοδῐκοῦ (genitive masculine singular)
μεθοδῐκῆς (feminine genitive singular)
μεθοδῐκοῦ (genitive neuter singular)
μεθοδῐκοῖν (dual genitive masculine)
μεθοδῐκαῖν (dual feminine genitive)
μεθοδῐκοῖν (dual genitive neuter)
μεθοδῐκῶν (genitive masculine plural)
μεθοδῐκῶν (feminine genitive plural)
μεθοδῐκῶν (genitive neuter plural)
μεθοδῐκῷ (dative masculine singular)
μεθοδῐκῇ (dative feminine singular)
μεθοδῐκῷ (dative neuter singular)
μεθοδῐκοῖν (dative dual masculine)
μεθοδῐκαῖν (dative dual feminine)
μεθοδῐκοῖν (dative dual neuter)
μεθοδῐκοῖς (dative masculine plural)
μεθοδῐκαῖς (dative feminine plural)
μεθοδῐκοῖς (dative neuter plural)
μεθοδῐκόν (accusative masculine singular)
μεθοδῐκήν (accusative feminine singular)
μεθοδῐκόν (accusative neuter singular)
μεθοδῐκώ (accusative dual masculine)
μεθοδῐκᾱ́ (accusative dual feminine)
μεθοδῐκώ (accusative dual neuter)
μεθοδῐκούς (accusative masculine plural)
μεθοδῐκᾱ́ς (accusative feminine plural)
μεθοδῐκᾰ́ (accusative neuter plural)
μεθοδῐκέ (masculine singular vocative)
μεθοδῐκή (feminine singular vocative)
μεθοδῐκόν (neuter singular vocative)
μεθοδῐκώ (dual masculine vocative)
μεθοδῐκᾱ́ (dual feminine vocative)
μεθοδῐκώ (dual neuter vocative)
μεθοδῐκοί (masculine plural vocative)
μεθοδῐκαί (feminine plural vocative)
μεθοδῐκᾰ́ (neuter plural vocative)
μεθοδῐκῶς (adverbial feminine masculine neuter)
μεθοδῐκώτερος (comparative feminine masculine neuter)
μεθοδῐκώτᾰτος (feminine masculine neuter superlative)

Greek: μεθοδικός (methodikós)


ἀρτηρία

grc-noun

ᾰ̓ρτηρῐ́ᾱ • (ărtērĭ́ā) f (genitive ᾰ̓ρτηρῐ́ᾱς); first declension

ᾰ̓ρτηρῐ́ᾱ (canonical)
ărtērĭ́ā (romanization)
ᾰ̓ρτηρῐ́ᾱς (genitive)
ἡ ᾰ̓ρτηρῐ́ᾱ (nominative singular)
τὼ ᾰ̓ρτηρῐ́ᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ ᾰ̓ρτηρῐ́αι (nominative plural)
τῆς ᾰ̓ρτηρῐ́ᾱς (genitive singular)
τοῖν ᾰ̓ρτηρῐ́αιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ᾰ̓ρτηρῐῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ᾰ̓ρτηρῐ́ᾳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ᾰ̓ρτηρῐ́αιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ᾰ̓ρτηρῐ́αις (dative plural)
τὴν ᾰ̓ρτηρῐ́ᾱν (accusative singular)
τὼ ᾰ̓ρτηρῐ́ᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ᾰ̓ρτηρῐ́ᾱς (accusative plural)
ᾰ̓ρτηρῐ́ᾱ (singular vocative)
ᾰ̓ρτηρῐ́ᾱ (dual vocative)
ᾰ̓ρτηρῐ́αι (plural vocative)
ᾰ̓ρτηρῐ́η (alternative)

→ Latin: artēria (see there for further descendants)

→ Russian: арте́рия (artérija)

Supposed contraction of *ᾰ̓ορτηρῐ́ᾱ (*ăortērĭ́ā) (cf. ᾰ̓ορτήρ (ăortḗr)), from ᾰ̓είρω (ăeírō, “to bind, hang up”).
It was assumed that all blood vessels transported both blood and πνεῦμα (pneûma, “breathe, spirit”), in a similar way as how the latter is transported through the τραχεῖα ἀρτηρία (trakheîa artēría, literally “rough artery”). This might explain why windpipe and artery share the same name.

ᾰ̓ρτηρῐ́ᾱ ἡ τρᾱχεῖᾰ

ărtērĭ́ā hē trākheîă

(anatomy)
artery (as distinct from a vein)


φάρυγξ

φᾰ́ρῠγξ • (phắrŭnx) f or m (genitive φᾰ́ρῠγος or φᾰ́ρῠγγος); third declension

φᾰ́ρῠγξ (canonical)
phắrŭnx (romanization)
φᾰ́ρῠγος (genitive)
φᾰ́ρῠγγος (genitive)
ὁ (nominative singular)
ἡ φᾰ́ρῠγξ (nominative singular)
τὼ φᾰ́ρῠγε (dual nominative)
οἱ (nominative plural)
αἱ φᾰ́ρῠγες (nominative plural)
τοῦ (genitive singular)
τῆς φᾰ́ρῠγος (genitive singular)
τοῖν φᾰρῠ́γοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν φᾰρῠ́γων (genitive plural)
τῷ (dative singular)
τῇ φᾰ́ρῠγῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν φᾰρῠ́γοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς (dative plural)
ταῖς φᾰ́ρῠξῐ (dative plural)
φᾰ́ρῠξῐν (dative plural)
toîs (dative plural)
taîs phắrŭxĭ (dative plural)
taîs phắrŭxĭn (dative plural)
τὸν (accusative singular)
τὴν φᾰ́ρῠγᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ φᾰ́ρῠγε (accusative dual)
τοὺς (accusative plural)
τᾱ̀ς φᾰ́ρῠγᾰς (accusative plural)
φᾰ́ρῠγξ (singular vocative)
φᾰ́ρῠγε (dual vocative)
φᾰ́ρῠγες (plural vocative)
ὁ (nominative singular)
ἡ φᾰ́ρῠγξ (nominative singular)
τὼ φᾰ́ρῠγγε (dual nominative)
οἱ (nominative plural)
αἱ φᾰ́ρῠγγες (nominative plural)
τοῦ (genitive singular)
τῆς φᾰ́ρῠγγος (genitive singular)
τοῖν φᾰρῠ́γγοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν φᾰρῠ́γγων (genitive plural)
τῷ (dative singular)
τῇ φᾰ́ρῠγγῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν φᾰρῠ́γγοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς (dative plural)
ταῖς φᾰ́ρῠγξῐ (dative plural)
φᾰ́ρῠγξῐν (dative plural)
toîs (dative plural)
taîs phắrŭnxĭ (dative plural)
taîs phắrŭnxĭn (dative plural)
τὸν (accusative singular)
τὴν φᾰ́ρῠγγᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ φᾰ́ρῠγγε (accusative dual)
τοὺς (accusative plural)
τᾱ̀ς φᾰ́ρῠγγᾰς (accusative plural)
φᾰ́ρῠγξ (singular vocative)
φᾰ́ρῠγγε (dual vocative)
φᾰ́ρῠγγες (plural vocative)
φᾰ́ρῠξ (alternative)

Greek: φάρυγγας (fáryngas)

→ New Latin: pharynx
→ English: pharynx

→ Italian: faringe

According to Frisk an inherited Indo-European word for “throat, gorge”, cognate to Latin frūmen and Old Armenian երբուծ (erbuc), both from Proto-Indo-European *bʰruHg- (“to use, enjoy”), but phonetically this is somewhat problematic as the Greek form requires laryngeal metathesis to *bʰr̥Hug-, turning the root disyllabic, for unknown reasons. Alternatively, it could be related to φᾰ́ρᾰγξ (phắrănx, “ravine, cleft, chasm, gully, abyss”) or φᾶρος (phâros, “cloth, cloak”), also of disputed origin.
Beekes pointed out that the prenasalized suffix -ῠγγ- (or -ῠγ-) argues for a Pre-Greek origin. Compare λᾰ́ρῠγξ (lắrŭnx).

der

(in the plural, pathology) diseases of the throat


ῥόμβος

grc-noun

ῥόμβος • (rhómbos) m (genitive ῥόμβου); second declension

rhómbos (romanization)
ῥόμβου (genitive)
ὁ ῥόμβος (nominative singular)
τὼ ῥόμβω (dual nominative)
οἱ ῥόμβοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ ῥόμβου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ῥόμβοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ῥόμβων (genitive plural)
τῷ ῥόμβῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ῥόμβοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ῥόμβοις (dative plural)
τὸν ῥόμβον (accusative singular)
τὼ ῥόμβω (accusative dual)
τοὺς ῥόμβους (accusative plural)
ῥόμβε (singular vocative)
ῥόμβω (dual vocative)
ῥόμβοι (plural vocative)
ῥύμβος (alternative)

→ Greek: ρόμβος (rómvos) (learned)

→ Latin: rhombus (see there for further descendants)

→ Old Armenian: ռումբ (ṙumb) (possibly)

→ Georgian: რუმბი (rumbi) (possibly)

→ Russian: ромб m (romb)


συμπάθεια

σῠμπᾰ́θειᾰ • (sŭmpắtheiă) f (genitive σῠμπᾰθείᾱς); first declension

σῠμπᾰ́θειᾰ (canonical)
sŭmpắtheiă (romanization)
σῠμπᾰθείᾱς (genitive)
ἡ σῠμπᾰ́θειᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ σῠμπᾰθείᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ σῠμπᾰ́θειαι (nominative plural)
τῆς σῠμπᾰθείᾱς (genitive singular)
τοῖν σῠμπᾰθείαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σῠμπᾰθειῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ σῠμπᾰθείᾳ (dative singular)
τοῖν σῠμπᾰθείαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς σῠμπᾰθείαις (dative plural)
τὴν σῠμπᾰ́θειᾰν (accusative singular)
τὼ σῠμπᾰθείᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς σῠμπᾰθείᾱς (accusative plural)
σῠμπᾰ́θειᾰ (singular vocative)
σῠμπᾰθείᾱ (dual vocative)
σῠμπᾰ́θειαι (plural vocative)
σῠμπᾰθῐ́ᾱ (alternative)

Greek: συμπάθεια (sympátheia)

desctree

→ Latin: sympathīa
→ Middle French: sympathie
French: sympathie
→ Dutch: sympathie
→ English: sympathy
→ Polish: sympatia
→ Russian: симпа́тия f (simpátija), сочу́вствие n inan (sočúvstvije) (calque)
→ German: Sympathie
→ Italian: simpatia
→ Portuguese: simpatia
→ Spanish: simpatía
→ Swedish: sympati

→ Finnish: sympatia

→ Serbo-Croatian: simpatija

From σῠμπᾰθής (sŭmpăthḗs, “affected by like feelings; exerting mutual influence, interacting”) + -ῐᾰ (-ĭă, “-y”, nominal suffix).

af

(medicine) sympathetic affection of the body


σῦριγξ

grc-noun

σῦρῐγξ • (sûrĭnx) f (genitive σῡ́ρῐγγος); third declension

σῦρῐγξ (canonical)
sûrĭnx (romanization)
σῡ́ρῐγγος (genitive)
ἡ σῦρῐγξ (nominative singular)
τὼ σῡ́ρῐγγε (dual nominative)
αἱ σῡ́ρῐγγες (nominative plural)
τῆς σῡ́ρῐγγος (genitive singular)
τοῖν σῡρῐ́γγοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σῡρῐ́γγων (genitive plural)
τῇ σῡ́ρῐγγῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν σῡρῐ́γγοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς σῡ́ρῐγξῐ (dative plural)
σῡ́ρῐγξῐν (dative plural)
taîs sū́rĭnxĭ (dative plural)
taîs sū́rĭnxĭn (dative plural)
τὴν σῡ́ρῐγγᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ σῡ́ρῐγγε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς σῡ́ρῐγγᾰς (accusative plural)
σῦρῐγξ (singular vocative)
σῡ́ρῐγγε (dual vocative)
σῡ́ρῐγγες (plural vocative)

Greek: σύριγγα f (sýringa, “pan pipes”)

Katharevousa: σύριγξ f (sýrinx, “pan pipes”)

desctree

→ Latin: sȳrinx
Catalan: xeringa, → siringa
French: seringue
→ English: syringe
Italian: siringa
Portuguese: siringe, siringa, seringa
Spanish: siringe
Translingual: Syringa

→ Old Armenian: սրինգ (sring)

→ Sanskrit: सुरङ्ग (suraṅga)

desc

→ Bengali: সুড়ঙ্গ (śuṛoṅgo) (semi-learned)

→ Translingual: Syringa

The suffix -ιγγ- implies a Pre-Greek origin because of non-native pronunciation.

(medicine, in the plural) bronchial passages


ἐρυσίπελας

grc-noun

ἐρῠσῐπέλᾰτος

ἐρῠσῐ́πελᾰς • (erŭsĭ́pelăs) n (genitive ἐρῠσῐπέλᾰτος); third declension

ἐρῠσῐ́πελᾰς (canonical)
erŭsĭ́pelăs (romanization)
ἐρῠσῐπέλᾰτος (genitive)
τὸ ἐρῠσῐ́πελᾰς (nominative singular)
τὼ ἐρῠσῐπέλᾰτε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ἐρῠσῐπέλᾰτᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἐρῠσῐπέλᾰτος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἐρῠσῐπελᾰ́τοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἐρῠσῐπελᾰ́των (genitive plural)
τῷ ἐρῠσῐπέλᾰτῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἐρῠσῐπελᾰ́τοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἐρῠσῐπέλᾰσῐ (dative plural)
ἐρῠσῐπέλᾰσῐν (dative plural)
toîs erŭsĭpélăsĭ (dative plural)
toîs erŭsĭpélăsĭn (dative plural)
τὸ ἐρῠσῐ́πελᾰς (accusative singular)
τὼ ἐρῠσῐπέλᾰτε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ἐρῠσῐπέλᾰτᾰ (accusative plural)
ἐρῠσῐ́πελᾰς (singular vocative)
ἐρῠσῐπέλᾰτε (dual vocative)
ἐρῠσῐπέλᾰτᾰ (plural vocative)

grc-decl

ἐρῠσῐπέλᾰτος

→ Latin: erysipelas

→ English: erysipelas

Middle English: erisipila

Medical term of unusual formation. Traditionally derived from ἐρῠθρός (erŭthrós, “red”) + Proto-Indo-European *pel- (“to cover, wrap; skin, hide; cloth”); compare πέλμᾰ (pélmă, “sole of foot”) and Latin pellis (“a skin, hide, felt, pelt”). According to Beekes, it may also be of Pre-Greek origin, comparing the first element of the word with the first element of ἐρῠσῑ́βη (erŭsī́bē, “rust in plants”) and ἐρῠσῐ́σκηπτρον (erŭsĭ́skēptron, “kind of plant”).


προστάτης

grc-noun

προστάτης • (prostátēs) m (genitive προστάτου); first declension

prostátēs (romanization)
προστάτου (genitive)
ὁ προστᾰ́της (nominative singular)
τὼ προστᾰ́τᾱ (dual nominative)
οἱ προστᾰ́ται (nominative plural)
τοῦ προστᾰ́του (genitive singular)
τοῖν προστᾰ́ταιν (dual genitive)
τῶν προστᾰτῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ προστᾰ́τῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν προστᾰ́ταιν (dative dual)
τοῖς προστᾰ́ταις (dative plural)
τὸν προστᾰ́την (accusative singular)
τὼ προστᾰ́τᾱ (accusative dual)
τοὺς προστᾰ́τᾱς (accusative plural)
προστᾰ́τᾰ (singular vocative)
προστᾰ́τᾱ (dual vocative)
προστᾰ́ται (plural vocative)

→ Belarusian: праста́та (prastáta)

→ Coptic: ⲡⲣⲟⲥⲧⲁⲧⲏⲥ (prostatēs)

Greek: προστάτης (prostátis)

→ Medieval Latin: prostata (see there for further descendants)

→ Macedonian: простата (prostata)

→ Russian: проста́та (prostáta)

From the root of προΐστημι (proḯstēmi, “to stand in front”) + -της (-tēs), the former from προ- (pro-) + ἵστημι (hístēmi).


ἀριθμός

ᾰ̓ρῐθμός • (ărĭthmós) m (genitive ᾰ̓ρῐθμοῦ); second declension

ᾰ̓ρῐθμός (canonical)
ărĭthmós (romanization)
ᾰ̓ρῐθμοῦ (genitive)
ὁ ᾰ̓ρῐθμός (nominative singular)
τὼ ᾰ̓ρῐθμώ (dual nominative)
οἱ ᾰ̓ρῐθμοί (nominative plural)
τοῦ ᾰ̓ρῐθμοῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν ᾰ̓ρῐθμοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν ᾰ̓ρῐθμῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ ᾰ̓ρῐθμῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν ᾰ̓ρῐθμοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς ᾰ̓ρῐθμοῖς (dative plural)
τὸν ᾰ̓ρῐθμόν (accusative singular)
τὼ ᾰ̓ρῐθμώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς ᾰ̓ρῐθμούς (accusative plural)
ᾰ̓ρῐθμέ (singular vocative)
ᾰ̓ρῐθμώ (dual vocative)
ᾰ̓ρῐθμοί (plural vocative)

Greek: αριθμός (arithmós)

Αριθμοί m pl (Arithmoí, “Numbers”)

Pontic Greek: αριθμόν (arithmón)

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂ri-dʰh₁-mó-s, from *h₂rey- (“to count, arrange”). Cognates include Old Irish rím, Old English rīm (English rhyme), and perhaps Latin rītus. Also compare νήριτος (nḗritos, “countless”).

ἀριθμητική

ἀριθμητικός (arithmētikós)


πόσθη

πόσθη • (pósthē) f (genitive πόσθης); first declension

pósthē (romanization)
πόσθης (genitive)
ἡ πόσθη (nominative singular)
τὼ πόσθᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ πόσθαι (nominative plural)
τῆς πόσθης (genitive singular)
τοῖν πόσθαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ποσθῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ πόσθῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν πόσθαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς πόσθαις (dative plural)
τὴν πόσθην (accusative singular)
τὼ πόσθᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς πόσθᾱς (accusative plural)
πόσθη (singular vocative)
πόσθᾱ (dual vocative)
πόσθαι (plural vocative)

Greek: πόσθη (pósthi)

Has been connected with Ancient Greek πέος (péos, “penis”), from Proto-Indo-European *pes-o- (“penis”), but the derivation is problematic. Beekes thinks it is likely a loan from a non-Indo-European-Language, like Pre-Greek.


βολβός

βολβός • (bolbós) m (genitive βολβοῦ); second declension

bolbós (romanization)
βολβοῦ (genitive)
ὁ βολβός (nominative singular)
τὼ βολβώ (dual nominative)
οἱ βολβοί (nominative plural)
τοῦ βολβοῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν βολβοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν βολβῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ βολβῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν βολβοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς βολβοῖς (dative plural)
τὸν βολβόν (accusative singular)
τὼ βολβώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς βολβούς (accusative plural)
βολβέ (singular vocative)
βολβώ (dual vocative)
βολβοί (plural vocative)

Greek: βολβός (volvós)

→ Latin: bulbus (see there for further descendants)

An onomatopoeic term with syllable reduplication; similar words are found in other languages including Indo-European ones, such as Latin bulla (“water bubble”) and Latvian burbulis (“water bubble”). Note also Armenian բողկ (boġk, “radish”), Sanskrit बल्बज (balbaja, “Indian goosegrass”), and Albanian bajgë.


γλαύκωμα

grc-noun

γλαύκωμᾰ • (glaúkōmă) n (genitive γλαυκώμᾰτος); third declension

γλαύκωμᾰ (canonical)
glaúkōmă (romanization)
γλαυκώμᾰτος (genitive)
τὸ γλαύκωμᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ γλαυκώμᾰτε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ γλαυκώμᾰτᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ γλαυκώμᾰτος (genitive singular)
τοῖν γλαυκωμᾰ́τοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν γλαυκωμᾰ́των (genitive plural)
τῷ γλαυκώμᾰτῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν γλαυκωμᾰ́τοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς γλαυκώμᾰσῐ (dative plural)
γλαυκώμᾰσῐν (dative plural)
toîs glaukṓmăsĭ (dative plural)
toîs glaukṓmăsĭn (dative plural)
τὸ γλαύκωμᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ γλαυκώμᾰτε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ γλαυκώμᾰτᾰ (accusative plural)
γλαύκωμᾰ (singular vocative)
γλαυκώμᾰτε (dual vocative)
γλαυκώμᾰτᾰ (plural vocative)

Greek: γλαύκωμα (gláfkoma)

→ Latin: glaucōma (see there for further descendants)

desctree

→ Russian: глауко́ма (glaukóma)
→ Kazakh: глаукома (glaukoma)

From γλαυκόω (glaukóō, “to color blue-grey”) + -μα (-ma).

af

(pathology) cataract (opacity of the lens in the eye)


κυψέλη

grc-noun

κῠψέλη • (kŭpsélē) f (genitive κῠψέλης); first declension

κῠψέλη (canonical)
kŭpsélē (romanization)
κῠψέλης (genitive)
ἡ κῠψέλη (nominative singular)
τὼ κῠψέλᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ κῠψέλαι (nominative plural)
τῆς κῠψέλης (genitive singular)
τοῖν κῠψέλαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κῠψελῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ κῠψέλῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν κῠψέλαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς κῠψέλαις (dative plural)
τὴν κῠψέλην (accusative singular)
τὼ κῠψέλᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς κῠψέλᾱς (accusative plural)
κῠψέλη (singular vocative)
κῠψέλᾱ (dual vocative)
κῠψέλαι (plural vocative)
κῠψάλη (alternative)

Greek: κυψέλη (kypséli)

Not related to κύπη (kúpē, “kind of ship”), nor derived from κύπτω (kúptō, “to bend, stoop”). According to Beekes, clearly a Pre-Greek word, given the variant.


τρίαινα

τρῐ́αινᾰ • (trĭ́aină) f (genitive τρῐαίνης); first declension

τρῐ́αινᾰ (canonical)
trĭ́aină (romanization)
τρῐαίνης (genitive)
ἡ τρῐ́αινᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ τρῐαίνᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ τρῐ́αιναι (nominative plural)
τῆς τρῐαίνης (genitive singular)
τοῖν τρῐαίναιν (dual genitive)
τῶν τρῐαινῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ τρῐαίνῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν τρῐαίναιν (dative dual)
ταῖς τρῐαίναις (dative plural)
τὴν τρῐ́αινᾰν (accusative singular)
τὼ τρῐαίνᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς τρῐαίνᾱς (accusative plural)
τρῐ́αινᾰ (singular vocative)
τρῐαίνᾱ (dual vocative)
τρῐ́αιναι (plural vocative)

Greek: τρίαινα (tríaina)

From τρεῖς (treîs, “three”) + -αινᾰ (-aină). Chantraine considers a folk-etymological transformation after the numeral. Furnée compares τρίναξ (trínax, “instrument used in agriculture”) and θρῖναξ (thrînax, “three-pronged fork”), and asks whether the word could be a transformation of a Pre-Greek loan for an agricultural tool.


σφαγή

σφᾰγή • (sphăgḗ) f (genitive σφαγῆς); first declension

σφᾰγή (canonical)
sphăgḗ (romanization)
σφαγῆς (genitive)
ἡ σφᾰγή (nominative singular)
τὼ σφᾰγᾱ́ (dual nominative)
αἱ σφᾰγαί (nominative plural)
τῆς σφᾰγῆς (genitive singular)
τοῖν σφᾰγαῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν σφᾰγῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ σφᾰγῇ (dative singular)
τοῖν σφᾰγαῖν (dative dual)
ταῖς σφᾰγαῖς (dative plural)
τὴν σφᾰγήν (accusative singular)
τὼ σφᾰγᾱ́ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς σφᾰγᾱ́ς (accusative plural)
σφᾰγή (singular vocative)
σφᾰγᾱ́ (dual vocative)
σφᾰγαί (plural vocative)

From σφᾰ́ζω (sphắzō, “to slaughter”) + -ή (-ḗ).

suffix

(anatomy) throat, the spot where the victim is struck


φλέψ

grc-noun

φλέψ • (phléps) f (genitive φλεβός); third declension

phléps (romanization)
φλεβός (genitive)
ἡ φλέψ (nominative singular)
τὼ φλέβε (dual nominative)
αἱ φλέβες (nominative plural)
τῆς φλεβός (genitive singular)
τοῖν φλεβοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν φλεβῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ φλεβῐ́ (dative singular)
τοῖν φλεβοῖν (dative dual)
ταῖς φλεψῐ́ (dative plural)
φλεψῐ́ν (dative plural)
taîs phlepsĭ́(n) (dative plural)
τὴν φλέβᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ φλέβε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς φλέβᾰς (accusative plural)
φλέψ (singular vocative)
φλέβε (dual vocative)
φλέβες (plural vocative)

English: phlebo-

Greek: φλέβα (fléva)

Traditionally linked to a large group of words beginning with "φλ-", like φλέω (phléō), φλύω (phlúō) and φλύκταινα (phlúktaina). It has been supposed to be an enlargement in -gʷ- of Proto-Indo-European *bʰel- (“to blow, swell”), but this would not solve anything. Thus, a Pre-Greek origin is the most probable hypothesis.

der

800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 13.546


σημεῖον

grc-noun

σημεῖον • (sēmeîon) n (genitive σημείου); second declension

sēmeîon (romanization)
σημείου (genitive)
τὸ σημεῖον (nominative singular)
τὼ σημείω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ σημεῖᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ σημείου (genitive singular)
τοῖν σημείοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σημείων (genitive plural)
τῷ σημείῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν σημείοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς σημείοις (dative plural)
τὸ σημεῖον (accusative singular)
τὼ σημείω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ σημεῖᾰ (accusative plural)
σημεῖον (singular vocative)
σημείω (dual vocative)
σημεῖᾰ (plural vocative)
σημήϊον (alternative)
σᾱμήϊον (alternative)
σᾱμεῖον (alternative)
σᾱμᾶον (alternative)

Greek: σημείο (simeío)

From σῆμᾰ (sêmă, “mark, sign”) + -ῐον (-ĭon).


βουβών

βουβών • (boubṓn) m (genitive βουβῶνος); third declension

boubṓn (romanization)
βουβῶνος (genitive)
ὁ βουβών (nominative singular)
τὼ βουβῶνε (dual nominative)
οἱ βουβῶνες (nominative plural)
τοῦ βουβῶνος (genitive singular)
τοῖν βουβώνοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν βουβώνων (genitive plural)
τῷ βουβῶνῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν βουβώνοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς βουβῶσῐ (dative plural)
βουβῶσῐν (dative plural)
toîs boubôsĭ (dative plural)
toîs boubôsĭn (dative plural)
τὸν βουβῶνᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ βουβῶνε (accusative dual)
τοὺς βουβῶνᾰς (accusative plural)
βουβών (singular vocative)
βουβῶνε (dual vocative)
βουβῶνες (plural vocative)
βομβών (alternative)

→ Latin: būbō, būbōnēs

Unknown; possibly Pre-Greek. Alternatively from a Proto-Indo-European expressive root *bew-, *bow- (“to swell; ball”); see βῠβός (bŭbós, “full, great”), βου- (bou-, augmentative prefix), βουνός (bounós, “hill, mound; clot”), βοῦᾰ (boûă, “group of children; herd?”), βῶλος (bôlos, “clod”), βολβός (bolbós, “bulb”), but these cannot be regular morphological derivations of the same root.

onomatopoeic

expressive

(pathology) a bubo in the groin (a swelling of lymph nodes due to infection)


λοβός

grc-noun

λοβός • (lobós) m (genitive λοβοῦ); second declension

lobós (romanization)
λοβοῦ (genitive)
ὁ λοβός (nominative singular)
τὼ λοβώ (dual nominative)
οἱ λοβοί (nominative plural)
τοῦ λοβοῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν λοβοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν λοβῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ λοβῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν λοβοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς λοβοῖς (dative plural)
τὸν λοβόν (accusative singular)
τὼ λοβώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς λοβούς (accusative plural)
λοβέ (singular vocative)
λοβώ (dual vocative)
λοβοί (plural vocative)

→ English: lobus

Italian: lobo

→ Middle French: lobe

→ English: lobe

French: lobe

Perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *leb- (“to hang loosely”), if such a root exists. Uncertain.


σκάφος

grc-noun

σκᾰ́φος • (skắphos) n (genitive σκᾰ́φεος); third declension

σκᾰ́φος (canonical)
skắphos (romanization)
σκᾰ́φεος (genitive)
τὸ σκᾰ́φος (nominative singular)
τὼ σκᾰ́φεε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ σκᾰ́φεᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ σκᾰ́φεος (genitive singular)
τοῖν σκᾰφέοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σκᾰφέων (genitive plural)
τῷ σκᾰ́φεῐ̈ (dative singular)
τοῖν σκᾰφέοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς σκᾰ́φεσῐ (dative plural)
σκᾰ́φεσῐν (dative plural)
toîs skắphesĭ (dative plural)
toîs skắphesĭn (dative plural)
τὸ σκᾰ́φος (accusative singular)
τὼ σκᾰ́φεε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ σκᾰ́φεᾰ (accusative plural)
σκᾰ́φος (singular vocative)
σκᾰ́φεε (dual vocative)
σκᾰ́φεᾰ (plural vocative)

Greek: σκάφος (skáfos)

→ Italian: scafo

From σκάπτω (skáptō, “to dig”) + -ος (-os). Compare, for more, σκῠ́φος (skŭ́phos).


γάγγραινα

γάγγραινᾰ • (gángraină) f (genitive γαγγραίνης); first declension

γάγγραινᾰ (canonical)
gángraină (romanization)
γαγγραίνης (genitive)
ἡ γάγγραινᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ γαγγραίνᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ γάγγραιναι (nominative plural)
τῆς γαγγραίνης (genitive singular)
τοῖν γαγγραίναιν (dual genitive)
τῶν γαγγραινῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ γαγγραίνῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν γαγγραίναιν (dative dual)
ταῖς γαγγραίναις (dative plural)
τὴν γάγγραινᾰν (accusative singular)
τὼ γαγγραίνᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς γαγγραίνᾱς (accusative plural)
γάγγραινᾰ (singular vocative)
γαγγραίνᾱ (dual vocative)
γάγγραιναι (plural vocative)
γάγραινα (alternative)

desctree

→ Latin: gangraena
French: gangrène
→ English: gangrene
→ Romanian: gangrenă, cangrenă
→ Turkish: kangren
Italian: cancrena
Russian: гангрена (gangrena)
Spanish: gangrena

In antiquity it was compared with γράω (gráō, “to devour”) but this is incorrect. It is most probably a Pre-Greek word.


λαβή

grc-noun

λᾰβή • (lăbḗ) f (genitive λᾰβῆς); first declension

λᾰβή (canonical)
lăbḗ (romanization)
λᾰβῆς (genitive)
ἡ λᾰβή (nominative singular)
τὼ λᾰβᾱ́ (dual nominative)
αἱ λᾰβαί (nominative plural)
τῆς λᾰβῆς (genitive singular)
τοῖν λᾰβαῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν λᾰβῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ λᾰβῇ (dative singular)
τοῖν λᾰβαῖν (dative dual)
ταῖς λᾰβαῖς (dative plural)
τὴν λᾰβήν (accusative singular)
τὼ λᾰβᾱ́ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς λᾰβᾱ́ς (accusative plural)
λᾰβή (singular vocative)
λᾰβᾱ́ (dual vocative)
λᾰβαί (plural vocative)

Greek: λαβή (laví)

From λαμβάνω (lambánō, “to take, grasp”) + -ή (-ḗ).

af

(anatomy, in the plural) insertions, attachments of muscles


σύρμα

grc-noun

σύρμᾰ • (súrmă) n (genitive σύρμᾰτος); third declension

σύρμᾰ (canonical)
súrmă (romanization)
σύρμᾰτος (genitive)
τὸ σῠ́ρμᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ σῠ́ρμᾰτε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ σῠ́ρμᾰτᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ σῠ́ρμᾰτος (genitive singular)
τοῖν σῠρμᾰ́τοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν σῠρμᾰ́των (genitive plural)
τῷ σῠ́ρμᾰτῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν σῠρμᾰ́τοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς σῠ́ρμᾰσῐ (dative plural)
σῠ́ρμᾰσῐν (dative plural)
toîs sŭ́rmăsĭ (dative plural)
toîs sŭ́rmăsĭn (dative plural)
τὸ σῠ́ρμᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ σῠ́ρμᾰτε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ σῠ́ρμᾰτᾰ (accusative plural)
σῠ́ρμᾰ (singular vocative)
σῠ́ρμᾰτε (dual vocative)
σῠ́ρμᾰτᾰ (plural vocative)

desc

> Byzantine Greek: σύρμα (súrma) (inherited)

> Greek: σύρμα (sýrma) (inherited)

desctree

→ Ottoman Turkish: صرمه, صیرمه (sırma), սըրմա (sırma) — Armeno-Turkish
Turkish: sırma
→ Albanian: sërmë, sërme
→ Armenian: սրմա (srma), սիրմա (sirma), սռմա (sṙma), սուրմա (surma), սրմայ (srmay), սիրմայ (sirmay), սռմայ (sṙmay), սուրմայ (surmay) — traditional orthography
→ Bulgarian: съ́рма (sǎ́rma)
→ Georgian: სირმა (sirma)
→ Macedonian: ср́ма (sŕma)
→ Romanian: sîrmă, sârmă
→ Serbo-Croatian: sŕma / ср́ма

→ Latin: syrma

From σύρω (súrō, “to draw, drag, trail”) and the suffix -μα (-ma).

(medicine) An abrasion, a scaly skin disease

Anything trailed or dragged
An abrasion, a scaly skin disease


περόνη

grc-noun

περόνη • (perónē) f (genitive περόνης); first declension

perónē (romanization)
περόνης (genitive)
ἡ περόνη (nominative singular)
τὼ περόνᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ περόναι (nominative plural)
τῆς περόνης (genitive singular)
τοῖν περόναιν (dual genitive)
τῶν περονῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ περόνῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν περόναιν (dative dual)
ταῖς περόναις (dative plural)
τὴν περόνην (accusative singular)
τὼ περόνᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς περόνᾱς (accusative plural)
περόνη (singular vocative)
περόνᾱ (dual vocative)
περόναι (plural vocative)

Greek: περόνη (peróni)

⇒ Koine Greek: περόνιον (perónion)

desc

Byzantine Greek: πιρούνιν (piroúnin), περούνιν (peroúnin)

desctree

Greek: πιρούνι (piroúni)
→ Albanian: pirun
→ Aromanian: pirunã
→ Friulian: piron
→ Ladino: piron
→ Mòcheno: paru'
→ Romanian: piron
→ Serbo-Croatian: pirun / пирун
→ Venetan: piron
→ Cimbrian: pirù
→ Lombard: piron

→ English: perone

From πείρω (peírō, “to pierce, run through”), formed with the pattern of ᾰ̓κόνη (ăkónē, “whetstone, hone”), βελόνη (belónē, “needle”).

(anatomy) radius; (more frequently) fibula, calf bone

(zootomy) ligament below the knee of a horse


κλάδος

grc-noun

κλᾰ́δος • (klắdos) m (genitive κλᾰ́δου); second declension

κλᾰ́δος (canonical)
klắdos (romanization)
κλᾰ́δου (genitive)
ὁ κλᾰ́δος (nominative singular)
τὼ κλᾰ́δω (dual nominative)
οἱ κλᾰ́δοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ κλᾰ́δου (genitive singular)
τοῖν κλᾰ́δοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κλᾰ́δων (genitive plural)
τῷ κλᾰ́δῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν κλᾰ́δοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κλᾰ́δοις (dative plural)
τὸν κλᾰ́δον (accusative singular)
τὼ κλᾰ́δω (accusative dual)
τοὺς κλᾰ́δους (accusative plural)
κλᾰ́δε (singular vocative)
κλᾰ́δω (dual vocative)
κλᾰ́δοι (plural vocative)
ὁ κλᾰ́δος (nominative singular)
τὼ κλᾰ́δε (dual nominative)
οἱ κλᾰ́δες (nominative plural)
τοῦ κλᾰδός (genitive singular)
τοῖν κλᾰδοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν κλᾰδῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ κλᾰδῐ́ (dative singular)
τοῖν κλᾰδοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς κλᾰσῐ́ (dative plural)
κλᾰσῐ́ν (dative plural)
toîs klăsĭ́(n) (dative plural)
τὸν κλᾰ́δᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ κλᾰ́δε (accusative dual)
τοὺς κλᾰ́δᾰς (accusative plural)
κλᾰ́δος (singular vocative)
κλᾰ́δε (dual vocative)
κλᾰ́δες (plural vocative)
κλᾰ́δος (nominative singular)
κλᾰ́δε (dual nominative)
κλᾰ́δες (nominative plural)
κλᾰδός (genitive singular)
κλᾰδοῖῐν (dual genitive)
κλᾰδῶν (genitive plural)
κλᾰδέων (genitive plural)
κλᾰδῐ́ (dative singular)
κλᾰδοῖῐν (dative dual)
κλᾰσῐ́ (dative plural)
κλᾰ́δεσσῐ (dative plural)
κλᾰ́δεσῐ (dative plural)
κλᾰδέεσσῐ (dative plural)
κλᾰ́δᾰ (accusative singular)
κλᾰ́δε (accusative dual)
κλᾰ́δᾰς (accusative plural)
κλᾰ́δος (singular vocative)
κλᾰ́δε (dual vocative)
κλᾰ́δες (plural vocative)

grc-decl

κλᾰδῶν/κλᾰδέων

κλᾰσῐ́/κλᾰ́δεσσῐ/κλᾰ́δεσῐ/κλᾰδέεσσῐ

→ English: clade

→ Czech: klad

→ Esperanto: klado

→ Estonian: klaad

→ Finnish: kladi

→ French: clade

→ Polish: klad

→ Portuguese: clado

→ Spanish: clado

→ Greek: κλάδος (kládos) (learned)

→ New Latin: cladus

→ English: cladus

→ Italian: clado

Apparently from a Proto-Hellenic *klə́dos, from Proto-Indo-European *kl̥d-o-s (“piece of wood”), which is traditionally linked to *kelh₂- (“to break”). Often compared with Proto-Slavic *kòlda (“block, log”) and Proto-Germanic *hultą (“wood”). Beekes is skeptical enough of Indo-European origin and particularly the connection of the reconstructed root to *kelh₂- to suggest a Pre-Greek origin, though not skeptical enough to reject an Indo-European origin entirely.
Other potential cognates include Latin clādes, Old Irish caill, Macedonian клада (klada).


διάρροια

grc-noun

δῐᾰ́ρροιᾰ • (dĭắrrhoiă) f (genitive δῐᾰρροίᾱς); first declension

δῐᾰ́ρροιᾰ (canonical)
dĭắrrhoiă (romanization)
δῐᾰρροίᾱς (genitive)
ἡ δῐᾰ́ρροιᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ δῐᾰρροίᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ δῐᾰ́ρροιαι (nominative plural)
τῆς δῐᾰρροίᾱς (genitive singular)
τοῖν δῐᾰρροίαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν δῐᾰρροιῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ δῐᾰρροίᾳ (dative singular)
τοῖν δῐᾰρροίαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς δῐᾰρροίαις (dative plural)
τὴν δῐᾰ́ρροιᾰν (accusative singular)
τὼ δῐᾰρροίᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς δῐᾰρροίᾱς (accusative plural)
δῐᾰ́ρροιᾰ (singular vocative)
δῐᾰρροίᾱ (dual vocative)
δῐᾰ́ρροιαι (plural vocative)

Greek: διάρροια (diárroia)

Latin: diarrhoea

affix

δῐᾰρρέω (dĭărrhéō) + -ιᾰ (-iă)

460 BCE – 370 BCE, Hippocrates of Kos, Aphorisms 3.21

446 BCE – 386 BCE, Aristophanes, Fragments 150

460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 2.49

360 BCE, Plato, Timaeus 85e

384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, History of Animals 605a.27

46 CE – 120 CE, Plutarch, Gaius Marius 30

(medicine, once fully as κοιλίας διάρροια) flowing through, diarrhoea


κοχλίας

grc-noun

κοχλῐ́ᾱς • (kokhlĭ́ās) m (genitive κοχλίου); first declension

κοχλῐ́ᾱς (canonical)
kokhlĭ́ās (romanization)
κοχλίου (genitive)
ὁ κοχλῐ́ᾱς (nominative singular)
τὼ κοχλῐ́ᾱ (dual nominative)
οἱ κοχλῐ́αι (nominative plural)
τοῦ κοχλῐ́ου (genitive singular)
τοῖν κοχλῐ́αιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κοχλῐῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ κοχλῐ́ᾳ (dative singular)
τοῖν κοχλῐ́αιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κοχλῐ́αις (dative plural)
τὸν κοχλῐ́ᾱν (accusative singular)
τὼ κοχλῐ́ᾱ (accusative dual)
τοὺς κοχλῐ́ᾱς (accusative plural)
κοχλῐ́ᾱ (singular vocative)
κοχλῐ́ᾱ (dual vocative)
κοχλῐ́αι (plural vocative)
κόχλῐᾰς (alternative)

Greek: κοχλίας (kochlías)

→ Latin: coclea

From κόχλος (kókhlos, “shellfish with a spiral shell”) + -ῐ́ᾱς (-ĭ́ās, nominal suffix).

af

anything twisted spirally:
(surgery) part of a surgical machine

anything twisted spirally:
part of a surgical machine


κόλον

grc-noun

κόλον • (kólon) n (genitive κόλου); second declension

kólon (romanization)
κόλου (genitive)
τὸ κόλον (nominative singular)
τὼ κόλω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ κόλᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ κόλου (genitive singular)
τοῖν κόλοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κόλων (genitive plural)
τῷ κόλῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν κόλοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κόλοις (dative plural)
τὸ κόλον (accusative singular)
τὼ κόλω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ κόλᾰ (accusative plural)
κόλον (singular vocative)
κόλω (dual vocative)
κόλᾰ (plural vocative)

→ Greek: κόλον (kólon) (learned)

→ Latin: colon (see there for further descendants)

→ Classical Syriac: ܩܘܠܘܢ (qōlōn)

Uncertain. Grammarians of Hellenistic times proposed relation to βουκόλος (boukólos, “tending kine”), δύσκολος (dúskolos, “difficult”), κόλαξ (kólax, “flatterer”). Other theories include κυλλός (kullós, “crooked, club-footed”) and κόλος (kólos, “docked, hornless”). No relation to κῶλον (kôlon, “limb”).

(anatomy) colon (last part of the digestive system)


κέλυφος

κέλῡφος • (kélūphos) n (genitive κελῡ́φους); third declension

κέλῡφος (canonical)
kélūphos (romanization)
κελῡ́φους (genitive)
τὸ κέλῡφος (nominative singular)
τὼ κελῡ́φει (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ κελῡ́φη (nominative plural)
τοῦ κελῡ́φους (genitive singular)
τοῖν κελῡφοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν κελῡφῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ κελῡ́φει (dative singular)
τοῖν κελῡφοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς κελῡ́φεσῐ (dative plural)
κελῡ́φεσῐν (dative plural)
toîs kelū́phesĭ (dative plural)
toîs kelū́phesĭn (dative plural)
τὸ κέλῡφος (accusative singular)
τὼ κελῡ́φει (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ κελῡ́φη (accusative plural)
κέλῡφος (singular vocative)
κελῡ́φει (dual vocative)
κελῡ́φη (plural vocative)

Greek: κέλυφος (kélyfos)

According to Beekes, connected with the group of καλύπτω (kalúptō, “to cover”), with a Pre-Greek suffix.


σταφυλή

σταφυλή • (staphulḗ) f (genitive σταφυλῆς); first declension

staphulḗ (romanization)
σταφυλῆς (genitive)
ἡ σταφυλή (nominative singular)
τὼ σταφυλᾱ́ (dual nominative)
αἱ σταφυλαί (nominative plural)
τῆς σταφυλῆς (genitive singular)
τοῖν σταφυλαῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν σταφυλῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ σταφυλῇ (dative singular)
τοῖν σταφυλαῖν (dative dual)
ταῖς σταφυλαῖς (dative plural)
τὴν σταφυλήν (accusative singular)
τὼ σταφυλᾱ́ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς σταφυλᾱ́ς (accusative plural)
σταφυλή (singular vocative)
σταφυλᾱ́ (dual vocative)
σταφυλαί (plural vocative)
σταφυλίς (alternative)

desc

⇒ Byzantine Greek: σταφύλιον (staphúlion)

Greek: σταφύλι (stafýli)

Though traditionally derived from Proto-Indo-European *stebʰ- (“to be stiff; post”) (compare Sanskrit स्तम्भ (stambha, “pillar”), Old English stæf (“staff”)) via an assumed intermediate sense “stem”, according to Beekes, the word is clearly Pre-Greek, along with the related στέμφυλα (stémphula, “bunch of (pressed) olives or grapes”) and ἀσταφίς (astaphís, “dried grapes”). It must be noted that the usual Avar word for “grape” is цӏибил (cʼibil) and is internally derived in Caucasian.


κύαμος

grc-noun

κῠ́ᾰμος • (kŭ́ămos) m (genitive κῠᾰ́μου); second declension

κῠ́ᾰμος (canonical)
kŭ́ămos (romanization)
κῠᾰ́μου (genitive)
ὁ κῠ́ᾰμος (nominative singular)
τὼ κῠᾰ́μω (dual nominative)
οἱ κῠ́ᾰμοι (nominative plural)
τοῦ κῠᾰ́μου (genitive singular)
τοῖν κῠᾰ́μοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κῠᾰ́μων (genitive plural)
τῷ κῠᾰ́μῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν κῠᾰ́μοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κῠᾰ́μοις (dative plural)
τὸν κῠ́ᾰμον (accusative singular)
τὼ κῠᾰ́μω (accusative dual)
τοὺς κῠᾰ́μους (accusative plural)
κῠ́ᾰμε (singular vocative)
κῠᾰ́μω (dual vocative)
κῠ́ᾰμοι (plural vocative)
πύανος (alternative)

Beekes suggests a Pre-Greek origin due to the presence of variations and rejects a derivation from κυέω (kuéō). Possibly connected to Classical Syriac ܓܘܡܐ (gūmā), Jewish Babylonian Aramaic גוגמא, גגמא (“bean”).


κρημνός

κρημνός • (krēmnós) m (genitive κρημνοῦ); second declension

krēmnós (romanization)
κρημνοῦ (genitive)
ὁ κρημνός (nominative singular)
τὼ κρημνώ (dual nominative)
οἱ κρημνοί (nominative plural)
τοῦ κρημνοῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν κρημνοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν κρημνῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ κρημνῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν κρημνοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς κρημνοῖς (dative plural)
τὸν κρημνόν (accusative singular)
τὼ κρημνώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς κρημνούς (accusative plural)
κρημνέ (singular vocative)
κρημνώ (dual vocative)
κρημνοί (plural vocative)

Traditionally considered an old verbal noun from κρεμάννυμι (kremánnumi, “to hang”), however Beekes finds this impossible and leaves the etymology unexplained. Since a root-final -α- would be expected, and landscape terms are often borrowed from substrate languages, the word is probably Pre-Greek. The suffix -(ᾱ)μν-ο- (-(ā)mn-o-) is also considered Pre-Greek by Beekes.

unk

unexplained


λαγών

grc-noun

λᾰγών • (lăgṓn) f or m (genitive λᾰγόνος); third declension

λᾰγών (canonical)
lăgṓn (romanization)
λᾰγόνος (genitive)
ὁ (nominative singular)
ἡ λᾰγών (nominative singular)
τὼ λᾰγόνε (dual nominative)
οἱ (nominative plural)
αἱ λᾰγόνες (nominative plural)
τοῦ (genitive singular)
τῆς λᾰγόνος (genitive singular)
τοῖν λᾰγόνοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν λᾰγόνων (genitive plural)
τῷ (dative singular)
τῇ λᾰγόνῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν λᾰγόνοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς (dative plural)
ταῖς λᾰγόσῐ (dative plural)
λᾰγόσῐν (dative plural)
toîs (dative plural)
taîs lăgósĭ (dative plural)
taîs lăgósĭn (dative plural)
τὸν (accusative singular)
τὴν λᾰγόνᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ λᾰγόνε (accusative dual)
τοὺς (accusative plural)
τᾱ̀ς λᾰγόνᾰς (accusative plural)
λᾰγών (singular vocative)
λᾰγόνε (dual vocative)
λᾰγόνες (plural vocative)

Greek: λαγόνα (lagóna)

According to Beekes, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)leh₁g- (“weak, faint”) the same root of λαγαρός (lagarós, “hollow, sunken”), λαγαίω (lagaíō, “to release”), λάγνος (lágnos, “lascivious”), λήγω (lḗgō, “to stop, cease”) and λωγάνιον (lōgánion, “dewlap of oxen”).

der

(anatomy) hollow on each side below the ribs, flank


πριαπισμός

grc-noun

πρῐᾱπισμός • (prĭāpismós) m (genitive πρῐᾱπισμοῦ); second declension

πρῐᾱπισμός (canonical)
prĭāpismós (romanization)
πρῐᾱπισμοῦ (genitive)
ὁ πρῐᾱπισμός (nominative singular)
τοῦ πρῐᾱπισμοῦ (genitive singular)
τῷ πρῐᾱπισμῷ (dative singular)
τὸν πρῐᾱπισμόν (accusative singular)
πρῐᾱπισμέ (singular vocative)

→ Catalan: priapisme

→ Danish: priapisme

→ Dutch: priapisme

→ English: priapism

→ French: priapisme

→ Indonesian: priapisme

→ Italian: priapismo

→ Norwegian Bokmål: priapisme

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: priapisme

→ Portuguese: priapismo

→ Romanian: priapism

→ Spanish: priapismo

From Πρίᾱπος (Príāpos) + -ισμός (-ismós).


φίλτρον

φῐ́λτρον • (phĭ́ltron) n (genitive φῐ́λτρου); second declension

φῐ́λτρον (canonical)
phĭ́ltron (romanization)
φῐ́λτρου (genitive)
τὸ φῐ́λτρον (nominative singular)
τὼ φῐ́λτρω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ φῐ́λτρᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ φῐ́λτρου (genitive singular)
τοῖν φῐ́λτροιν (dual genitive)
τῶν φῐ́λτρων (genitive plural)
τῷ φῐ́λτρῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν φῐ́λτροιν (dative dual)
τοῖς φῐ́λτροις (dative plural)
τὸ φῐ́λτρον (accusative singular)
τὼ φῐ́λτρω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ φῐ́λτρᾰ (accusative plural)
φῐ́λτρον (singular vocative)
φῐ́λτρω (dual vocative)
φῐ́λτρᾰ (plural vocative)

desctree

→ Latin: philtrum
→ English: philter, philtrum
French: feutre
→ Italian: filtro
Sicilian: firtru
→ French: philtre (learned)

From φῐλέω (phĭléō, “to love; to kiss”) + -τρον (-tron, instrument noun suffix).

af

(anatomy) sinking on the upper lip; philtrum


βάλανος

grc-noun

βᾰ́λᾰνος • (bắlănos) f (genitive βᾰλᾰ́νου); second declension

βᾰ́λᾰνος (canonical)
bắlănos (romanization)
βᾰλᾰ́νου (genitive)
ἡ βᾰ́λᾰνος (nominative singular)
τὼ βᾰλᾰ́νω (dual nominative)
αἱ βᾰ́λᾰνοι (nominative plural)
τῆς βᾰλᾰ́νου (genitive singular)
τοῖν βᾰλᾰ́νοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν βᾰλᾰ́νων (genitive plural)
τῇ βᾰλᾰ́νῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν βᾰλᾰ́νοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς βᾰλᾰ́νοις (dative plural)
τὴν βᾰ́λᾰνον (accusative singular)
τὼ βᾰλᾰ́νω (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς βᾰλᾰ́νους (accusative plural)
βᾰ́λᾰνε (singular vocative)
βᾰλᾰ́νω (dual vocative)
βᾰ́λᾰνοι (plural vocative)

desc

Greek: βάλανος (válanos), βαλανίδι (valanídi), βελανίδι (velanídi)

desctree

→ Latin: balanus, balana, balania (late)
Catalan: bàlan
French: balane
Italian: balano
Portuguese: bálano
Spanish: bálano
→ English: balanus
→ French: balanus (learned)
→ Translingual: Balanus

From Proto-Hellenic *gʷə́lanos, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gʷelh₂- (“acorn”); see there for cognates. Probably unrelated to Ancient Greek βᾰλᾰνεῖον (bălăneîon, “bath, bathroom”).

noncog

(medicine) suppository, pledget, pessary


θηρίον

grc-noun

θηρῐ́ον • (thērĭ́on) n (genitive θηρῐ́ου); second declension

θηρῐ́ον (canonical)
thērĭ́on (romanization)
θηρῐ́ου (genitive)
τὸ θηρῐ́ον (nominative singular)
τὼ θηρῐ́ω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ θηρῐ́ᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ θηρῐ́ου (genitive singular)
τοῖν θηρῐ́οιν (dual genitive)
τῶν θηρῐ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ θηρῐ́ῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν θηρῐ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς θηρῐ́οις (dative plural)
τὸ θηρῐ́ον (accusative singular)
τὼ θηρῐ́ω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ θηρῐ́ᾰ (accusative plural)
θηρῐ́ον (singular vocative)
θηρῐ́ω (dual vocative)
θηρῐ́ᾰ (plural vocative)

Greek: θηρίο (thirío)

→ Coptic: ⲑⲏⲣⲓⲟⲛ (thērion)

→ English: therio-

→ Scientific Latin: -thērium

→ English: -there

→ French: -thère

From θήρ (thḗr, “animal, beast”) + -ῐον (-ĭon, diminutive suffix).


κλειτορίς

grc-noun

κλειτορῐ́δος

κλειτορῐ́ς • (kleitorĭ́s) f (genitive κλειτορῐ́δος); third declension

κλειτορῐ́ς (canonical)
kleitorĭ́s (romanization)
κλειτορῐ́δος (genitive)
ἡ κλειτορῐ́ς (nominative singular)
τὼ κλειτορῐ́δε (dual nominative)
αἱ κλειτορῐ́δες (nominative plural)
τῆς κλειτορῐ́δος (genitive singular)
τοῖν κλειτορῐ́δοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κλειτορῐ́δων (genitive plural)
τῇ κλειτορῐ́δῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν κλειτορῐ́δοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς κλειτορῐ́σῐ (dative plural)
κλειτορῐ́σῐν (dative plural)
taîs kleitorĭ́sĭ (dative plural)
taîs kleitorĭ́sĭn (dative plural)
τὴν κλειτορῐ́δᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ κλειτορῐ́δε (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς κλειτορῐ́δᾰς (accusative plural)
κλειτορῐ́ς (singular vocative)
κλειτορῐ́δε (dual vocative)
κλειτορῐ́δες (plural vocative)

grc-decl

κλειτορῐ́δος

→ English: clitoris

→ French: clitoris

Greek: κλειτορίδα (kleitorída)

From κλείω (kleíō, “I shut in, I inclose”).


κήλη

grc-noun

κήλη • (kḗlē) f (genitive κήλης); first declension

kḗlē (romanization)
κήλης (genitive)
ἡ κήλη (nominative singular)
τὼ κήλᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ κῆλαι (nominative plural)
τῆς κήλης (genitive singular)
τοῖν κήλαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κηλῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ κήλῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν κήλαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς κήλαις (dative plural)
τὴν κήλην (accusative singular)
τὼ κήλᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς κήλᾱς (accusative plural)
κήλη (singular vocative)
κήλᾱ (dual vocative)
κῆλαι (plural vocative)
κάλη (alternative)

→ English: -cele

Greek: κήλη (kíli)

From Proto-Indo-European *kh₂u-l-eh₂ (“tumour”). Cognate with Proto-Slavic *kyla (“rupture”) and Proto-Germanic *haulaz (“hernia”). However the Attic form is still unexplained.


ἐμπύημα

ἐμπύημᾰ • (empúēmă) n (genitive ἐμπυήμᾰτος); third declension

ἐμπύημᾰ (canonical)
empúēmă (romanization)
ἐμπυήμᾰτος (genitive)
τὸ ἐμπύημᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ ἐμπυήμᾰτε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ἐμπυήμᾰτᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ἐμπυήμᾰτος (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἐμπυημᾰ́τοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἐμπυημᾰ́των (genitive plural)
τῷ ἐμπυήμᾰτῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἐμπυημᾰ́τοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ἐμπυήμᾰσῐ (dative plural)
ἐμπυήμᾰσῐν (dative plural)
toîs empuḗmăsĭ (dative plural)
toîs empuḗmăsĭn (dative plural)
τὸ ἐμπύημᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ ἐμπυήμᾰτε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ἐμπυήμᾰτᾰ (accusative plural)
ἐμπύημᾰ (singular vocative)
ἐμπυήμᾰτε (dual vocative)
ἐμπυήμᾰτᾰ (plural vocative)

→ English: empyema

From ἐμπυέω (empuéō, “to suppurate”) + -μα (-ma, nominal suffix).

af

(medicine) Gathering or abscess, especially internal, of the kidneys or the chest.


κιρσός

grc-noun

κῐρσός • (kĭrsós) m (genitive κῐρσοῦ); second declension

κῐρσός (canonical)
kĭrsós (romanization)
κῐρσοῦ (genitive)
ὁ κῐρσός (nominative singular)
τὼ κῐρσώ (dual nominative)
οἱ κῐρσοί (nominative plural)
τοῦ κῐρσοῦ (genitive singular)
τοῖν κῐρσοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν κῐρσῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ κῐρσῷ (dative singular)
τοῖν κῐρσοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς κῐρσοῖς (dative plural)
τὸν κῐρσόν (accusative singular)
τὼ κῐρσώ (accusative dual)
τοὺς κῐρσούς (accusative plural)
κῐρσέ (singular vocative)
κῐρσώ (dual vocative)
κῐρσοί (plural vocative)
κριξός (alternative)
κρισσός (alternative)

According to Beekes, the variation "σ/ξ" shows that the word is from Pre-Greek.

(pathology) varicocele, enlargement of a vein


κνήμη

κνήμη • (knḗmē) f (genitive κνήμης); first declension

knḗmē (romanization)
κνήμης (genitive)
ἡ κνήμη (nominative singular)
τὼ κνήμᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ κνῆμαι (nominative plural)
τῆς κνήμης (genitive singular)
τοῖν κνήμαιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κνημῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ κνήμῃ (dative singular)
τοῖν κνήμαιν (dative dual)
ταῖς κνήμαις (dative plural)
τὴν κνήμην (accusative singular)
τὼ κνήμᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς κνήμᾱς (accusative plural)
κνήμη (singular vocative)
κνήμᾱ (dual vocative)
κνῆμαι (plural vocative)

From Proto-Indo-European *kónh₂m (“leg”); cognate with English ham (from Proto-Germanic *hammō) and Old Irish cnáim (“bone”).


δραστικός

δρᾱστῐκός (canonical)
drāstĭkós (romanization)
δρᾱστῐκή (feminine)
δρᾱστῐκόν (neuter)
δρᾱστῐκός (masculine nominative singular)
δρᾱστῐκή (feminine nominative singular)
δρᾱστῐκόν (neuter nominative singular)
δρᾱστῐκώ (dual masculine nominative)
δρᾱστῐκᾱ́ (dual feminine nominative)
δρᾱστῐκώ (dual neuter nominative)
δρᾱστῐκοί (masculine nominative plural)
δρᾱστῐκαί (feminine nominative plural)
δρᾱστῐκᾰ́ (neuter nominative plural)
δρᾱστῐκοῦ (genitive masculine singular)
δρᾱστῐκῆς (feminine genitive singular)
δρᾱστῐκοῦ (genitive neuter singular)
δρᾱστῐκοῖν (dual genitive masculine)
δρᾱστῐκαῖν (dual feminine genitive)
δρᾱστῐκοῖν (dual genitive neuter)
δρᾱστῐκῶν (genitive masculine plural)
δρᾱστῐκῶν (feminine genitive plural)
δρᾱστῐκῶν (genitive neuter plural)
δρᾱστῐκῷ (dative masculine singular)
δρᾱστῐκῇ (dative feminine singular)
δρᾱστῐκῷ (dative neuter singular)
δρᾱστῐκοῖν (dative dual masculine)
δρᾱστῐκαῖν (dative dual feminine)
δρᾱστῐκοῖν (dative dual neuter)
δρᾱστῐκοῖς (dative masculine plural)
δρᾱστῐκαῖς (dative feminine plural)
δρᾱστῐκοῖς (dative neuter plural)
δρᾱστῐκόν (accusative masculine singular)
δρᾱστῐκήν (accusative feminine singular)
δρᾱστῐκόν (accusative neuter singular)
δρᾱστῐκώ (accusative dual masculine)
δρᾱστῐκᾱ́ (accusative dual feminine)
δρᾱστῐκώ (accusative dual neuter)
δρᾱστῐκούς (accusative masculine plural)
δρᾱστῐκᾱ́ς (accusative feminine plural)
δρᾱστῐκᾰ́ (accusative neuter plural)
δρᾱστῐκέ (masculine singular vocative)
δρᾱστῐκή (feminine singular vocative)
δρᾱστῐκόν (neuter singular vocative)
δρᾱστῐκώ (dual masculine vocative)
δρᾱστῐκᾱ́ (dual feminine vocative)
δρᾱστῐκώ (dual neuter vocative)
δρᾱστῐκοί (masculine plural vocative)
δρᾱστῐκαί (feminine plural vocative)
δρᾱστῐκᾰ́ (neuter plural vocative)
δρᾱστῐκῶς (adverbial feminine masculine neuter)
δρᾱστῐκώτερος (comparative feminine masculine neuter)
δρᾱστῐκώτᾰτος (feminine masculine neuter superlative)

From δρᾶσῐς (drâsĭs, “strength, efficacy”), from δράω (dráō, “I do”), + -τικός (-tikós).


καθαρτικός

κᾰθᾰρτῐκός (canonical)
kăthărtĭkós (romanization)
κᾰθᾰρτῐκή (feminine)
κᾰθᾰρτῐκόν (neuter)
κᾰθᾰρτῐκός (masculine nominative singular)
κᾰθᾰρτῐκή (feminine nominative singular)
κᾰθᾰρτῐκόν (neuter nominative singular)
κᾰθᾰρτῐκώ (dual masculine nominative)
κᾰθᾰρτῐκᾱ́ (dual feminine nominative)
κᾰθᾰρτῐκώ (dual neuter nominative)
κᾰθᾰρτῐκοί (masculine nominative plural)
κᾰθᾰρτῐκαί (feminine nominative plural)
κᾰθᾰρτῐκᾰ́ (neuter nominative plural)
κᾰθᾰρτῐκοῦ (genitive masculine singular)
κᾰθᾰρτῐκῆς (feminine genitive singular)
κᾰθᾰρτῐκοῦ (genitive neuter singular)
κᾰθᾰρτῐκοῖν (dual genitive masculine)
κᾰθᾰρτῐκαῖν (dual feminine genitive)
κᾰθᾰρτῐκοῖν (dual genitive neuter)
κᾰθᾰρτῐκῶν (genitive masculine plural)
κᾰθᾰρτῐκῶν (feminine genitive plural)
κᾰθᾰρτῐκῶν (genitive neuter plural)
κᾰθᾰρτῐκῷ (dative masculine singular)
κᾰθᾰρτῐκῇ (dative feminine singular)
κᾰθᾰρτῐκῷ (dative neuter singular)
κᾰθᾰρτῐκοῖν (dative dual masculine)
κᾰθᾰρτῐκαῖν (dative dual feminine)
κᾰθᾰρτῐκοῖν (dative dual neuter)
κᾰθᾰρτῐκοῖς (dative masculine plural)
κᾰθᾰρτῐκαῖς (dative feminine plural)
κᾰθᾰρτῐκοῖς (dative neuter plural)
κᾰθᾰρτῐκόν (accusative masculine singular)
κᾰθᾰρτῐκήν (accusative feminine singular)
κᾰθᾰρτῐκόν (accusative neuter singular)
κᾰθᾰρτῐκώ (accusative dual masculine)
κᾰθᾰρτῐκᾱ́ (accusative dual feminine)
κᾰθᾰρτῐκώ (accusative dual neuter)
κᾰθᾰρτῐκούς (accusative masculine plural)
κᾰθᾰρτῐκᾱ́ς (accusative feminine plural)
κᾰθᾰρτῐκᾰ́ (accusative neuter plural)
κᾰθᾰρτῐκέ (masculine singular vocative)
κᾰθᾰρτῐκή (feminine singular vocative)
κᾰθᾰρτῐκόν (neuter singular vocative)
κᾰθᾰρτῐκώ (dual masculine vocative)
κᾰθᾰρτῐκᾱ́ (dual feminine vocative)
κᾰθᾰρτῐκώ (dual neuter vocative)
κᾰθᾰρτῐκοί (masculine plural vocative)
κᾰθᾰρτῐκαί (feminine plural vocative)
κᾰθᾰρτῐκᾰ́ (neuter plural vocative)
κᾰθᾰρτῐκῶς (adverbial feminine masculine neuter)
κᾰθᾰρτῐκώτερος (comparative feminine masculine neuter)
κᾰθᾰρτῐκώτᾰτος (feminine masculine neuter superlative)

Greek: καθαρτικός (kathartikós)

desctree

→ New Latin: catharticus (learned)
→ English: cathartic (learned)
→ French: cathartique (learned)
→ Romanian: cathartic
→ German: kathartisch (learned)
→ Hungarian: katartikus
→ Italian: catartico (learned)
→ Portuguese: catártico (learned)
→ Spanish: catártico (learned)

From κᾰθαίρω (kăthaírō, “to cleanse, to purify”) + -τῐκός (-tĭkós).

af

(medicine) promoting catharsis, purgative


κράσπεδον

grc-noun

κρᾰ́σπεδον • (krắspedon) n (genitive κρᾰσπέδου); second declension

κρᾰ́σπεδον (canonical)
krắspedon (romanization)
κρᾰσπέδου (genitive)
τὸ κρᾰ́σπεδον (nominative singular)
τὼ κρᾰσπέδω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ κρᾰ́σπεδᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ κρᾰσπέδου (genitive singular)
τοῖν κρᾰσπέδοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν κρᾰσπέδων (genitive plural)
τῷ κρᾰσπέδῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν κρᾰσπέδοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς κρᾰσπέδοις (dative plural)
τὸ κρᾰ́σπεδον (accusative singular)
τὼ κρᾰσπέδω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ κρᾰ́σπεδᾰ (accusative plural)
κρᾰ́σπεδον (singular vocative)
κρᾰσπέδω (dual vocative)
κρᾰ́σπεδᾰ (plural vocative)

→ English: craspedophyte

Greek: κράσπεδο (kráspedo)

Unknown. Traditionally analyzed as an old compound of κάρᾱ (kárā, “head”) (in the form κράσ-), with a faded second member πέδον (pédon, “plain, ground”), for which Sanskrit द्रुपद (drupada, “wooden pillar, post”) is compared. The first member would point to an original meaning "upper border", according to Risch. However, Nussbaum is very sceptical; there is no indication whatsoever that it would contain the word for "head".

cog

(pathology) fimbria, affection of the uvula


ἰσχίον

grc-noun

ῐ̓σχῐ́ον • (ĭskhĭ́on) n (genitive ῐ̓σχῐ́ου); second declension

ῐ̓σχῐ́ον (canonical)
ĭskhĭ́on (romanization)
ῐ̓σχῐ́ου (genitive)
τὸ ῐ̓σχῐ́ον (nominative singular)
τὼ ῐ̓σχῐ́ω (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ ῐ̓σχῐ́ᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ ῐ̓σχῐ́ου (genitive singular)
τοῖν ῐ̓σχῐ́οιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ῐ̓σχῐ́ων (genitive plural)
τῷ ῐ̓σχῐ́ῳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ῐ̓σχῐ́οιν (dative dual)
τοῖς ῐ̓σχῐ́οις (dative plural)
τὸ ῐ̓σχῐ́ον (accusative singular)
τὼ ῐ̓σχῐ́ω (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ ῐ̓σχῐ́ᾰ (accusative plural)
ῐ̓σχῐ́ον (singular vocative)
ῐ̓σχῐ́ω (dual vocative)
ῐ̓σχῐ́ᾰ (plural vocative)

Latin: ischion, ischium

English: ischium, ischiatic, sciatic

No etymology. Furnée connects the word with ἰξύς (ixús, “loins”) assuming a common Pre-Greek origin.

unk

No etymology

τῷ βάλεν Αἰνείαο κατ’ ἰσχίον, ἔνθα τε μηρὸς
ἰσχίῳ ἐνστρέφεται, κοτύλην δέ τέ μιν καλέουσιν
tôi bálen Aineíao kat’ iskhíon, éntha te mēròs

1924 translation by Murray
[he smote Aeneas] on the hip, where the thigh turns in the hip joint,—the cup, men call it

iskhíōi enstréphetai, kotúlēn dé té min kaléousin


οὐρήθρα

grc-noun

οὐρήθρα • (ourḗthra) f (genitive οὐρήθρας); first declension

ourḗthra (romanization)
οὐρήθρας (genitive)
ἡ οὐρήθρᾱ (nominative singular)
τὼ οὐρήθρᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ οὐρῆθραι (nominative plural)
τῆς οὐρήθρᾱς (genitive singular)
τοῖν οὐρήθραιν (dual genitive)
τῶν οὐρηθρῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ οὐρήθρᾳ (dative singular)
τοῖν οὐρήθραιν (dative dual)
ταῖς οὐρήθραις (dative plural)
τὴν οὐρήθρᾱν (accusative singular)
τὼ οὐρήθρᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς οὐρήθρᾱς (accusative plural)
οὐρήθρᾱ (singular vocative)
οὐρήθρᾱ (dual vocative)
οὐρῆθραι (plural vocative)

→ Greek: ουρήθρα (ouríthra)

→ Latin: ūrēthra

→ English: urethra

From οὐρέω (ouréō, “I make water”) + -ήθρα (-ḗthra), from οὖρον (oûron, “urine”).


σκέλος

grc-noun

σκέλος • (skélos) n (genitive σκέλεος); third declension

skélos (romanization)
σκέλεος (genitive)
τὸ σκέλος (nominative singular)
τὼ σκέλει (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ σκέλη (nominative plural)
τοῦ σκέλους (genitive singular)
τοῖν σκελοῖν (dual genitive)
τῶν σκελῶν (genitive plural)
τῷ σκέλει (dative singular)
τοῖν σκελοῖν (dative dual)
τοῖς σκέλεσῐ (dative plural)
σκέλεσῐν (dative plural)
toîs skélesĭ (dative plural)
toîs skélesĭn (dative plural)
τὸ σκέλος (accusative singular)
τὼ σκέλει (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ σκέλη (accusative plural)
σκέλος (singular vocative)
σκέλει (dual vocative)
σκέλη (plural vocative)

From Proto-Indo-European *skélos (“curve, bending”), from *(s)kel- (“to curve, bend”).
Possibly related are σκελίς (skelís), σχελίς (skhelís, “rib(s) (of beef)”), but these may instead be from *(s)kelH- (“to cut, carve, split”) (cf. σκάλλω (skállō), σκύλλω (skúllō)), or Pre-Greek.

inh

τετρασκέλιον

τετρασκελής (tetraskelḗs)


πληθώρη

grc-noun

πληθώρη • (plēthṓrē) f (genitive πληθώρης); first declension

plēthṓrē (romanization)
πληθώρης (genitive)

desctree

→ Late Latin: plēthōra (learned)
→ English: plethora

/plɛː.tʰɔ̌ː.rɛː/

/plɛː.tʰɔ̌ː.rɛː/

From a stem related to πληθῡ́ς (plēthū́s, “crowd; populace, majority”) and πλήθω (plḗthō, “to be full”) with the suffix -η (-ē, forming nominals), perhaps continuing Proto-Indo-European *pléh₁-dʰ(h₁)-(w)ōr. Compare Latin plēbs (“crowd; populace, people, folk”).

cog

(medicine) generation of blood or humors by the body


ἔγκλισις

grc-noun

ἔγκλῐσῐς • (énklĭsĭs) f (genitive ἐγκλῐ́σεως); third declension

ἔγκλῐσῐς (canonical)
énklĭsĭs (romanization)
ἐγκλῐ́σεως (genitive)
ἡ ἔγκλῐσῐς (nominative singular)
τὼ ἐγκλῐ́σει (dual nominative)
αἱ ἐγκλῐ́σεις (nominative plural)
τῆς ἐγκλῐ́σεως (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἐγκλῐσέοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἐγκλῐ́σεων (genitive plural)
τῇ ἐγκλῐ́σει (dative singular)
τοῖν ἐγκλῐσέοιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ἐγκλῐ́σεσῐ (dative plural)
ἐγκλῐ́σεσῐν (dative plural)
taîs enklĭ́sesĭ (dative plural)
taîs enklĭ́sesĭn (dative plural)
τὴν ἔγκλῐσῐν (accusative singular)
τὼ ἐγκλῐ́σει (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ἐγκλῐ́σεις (accusative plural)
ἔγκλῐσῐ (singular vocative)
ἐγκλῐ́σει (dual vocative)
ἐγκλῐ́σεις (plural vocative)

Greek: έγκλιση (égklisi)

→ Latin: enclisis (see there for further descendants)

From ἐγκλίνω (enklínō, “to incline”) + -σῐς (-sĭs).